Molecular adhesion and its applications: the sticky universe
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
New York [u.a.]
Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publ.
2001
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Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XIX, 429 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
ISBN: | 0306465205 |
Internformat
MARC
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245 | 1 | 0 | |a Molecular adhesion and its applications |b the sticky universe |c Kevin Kendall |
264 | 1 | |a New York [u.a.] |b Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publ. |c 2001 | |
300 | |a XIX, 429 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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650 | 4 | |a Adhesion | |
650 | 4 | |a Surface chemistry | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | CONTENTS
Part I BACKGROUND AND FUNDAMENTALS
1. Introduction to Molecular Adhesion and Fracture:
the Adhesion Paradox 3
1.1. The Adhesion Paradox 6
1.2. Adhesion at the Molecular Level 8
1.3. Theory of Adhesion 9
1.4. Adhesive Technologies 12
1.5. Adhesion in Nature 15
1.6. Interdisciplinary Nature of Adhesion; Purpose of this
Book 20
1.7. Review of Adhesion Literature 22
1.8. References 22
2. Phenomenology of Adhesion Effects: Fracture Stranger
than Friction 25
2.1. Adhesion Phenomena 26
2.2. Friction 28
2.3. Gravitational Attraction 29
2.4. Electrostatic and Magnetic Attractions 30
2.5. Adhesion between Nuclear Particles 32
2.6. Demonstration of the Molecular Adhesion Force 34
2.7. Probing Molecular Adhesion: the Range of Molecular
Attractions
2.8. Definition of Molecular Adhesion 39
2.9. References 40
xiii
xiv CONTENTS
3. Theories and Laws of Molecular Adhesion: All Molecules
Adhere 41
3.1. Three Adhesion Fallacies 42
3.2. Critical Observations of Adhesion 44
3.3. The Laws of Molecular Adhesion 46
3.4. From Molecules, through Mechanisms, to Mechanics .... 48
3.5. Jumping into Contact 50
3.6. Cracking Molecules Apart 52
3.7. Adhesion Is Really Three Things: Making, Equilibrium,
and Breaking 54
3.8. Adhesion in the Scanning Probe Microscope 56
3.9. The Atomic Force Microscope 57
3.10. References 60
PART II LAWS AND MECHANISMS
4. Evidence for the First Law of Adhesion: Surfaces Leap into
Contact 63
4.1. The Problem of Obtaining Reliable Adhesion 64
4.2. Obreimoff s Experiment 65
4.3. Tabor and Winterton s Experiment 68
4.4. Extension by Israelachvili and Tabor 70
4.5. Finer Means Smoother 72
4.6. Bradley s Adhesion Rule 73
4.7. The Significance of Bradley s Rule 75
4.8. The New Science of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). . . 77
4.9. How Smooth Is an Atom 79
4.10. References 80
5. Intermolecular Forces: the New Geometry of Computer
Modeling 83
5.1. The Two Parameter Model of Atomic Forces 84
5.2. Experimental Evidence for Models of Molecular Forces .. 86
5.3. Direct Measurement of Molecular Forces 88
5.4. Intermolecular Forces from Bulk Properties 89
5.5. The New Geometry of Computer Modeling 91
5.6. Structuring of Hard Spheres 93
5.7. Experiments on Spherical Polymer Particles 95
5.8. Computer Model of the Crystallization Process 96
5.9. Effect of Adhesion on the Structuring Process 100
5.10. References 101
CONTENTS xv
6. Evidence for the Second Law of Adhesion: Contamination
Reduces Adhesion 103
6.1. Experiments to Show that Adhesion Is Reduced by
Contamination 104
6.2. Polymer Adhesion Affected by Contaminants 106
6.3. Studies of Surface Species by the Adhesion Method .... 108
6.4. Surface Forces Measured in Liquids 112
6.5. Jumping in Steps as Molecules are Squeezed Out 114
6.6. Adhesion with Water Present at Surfaces 116
6.7. Adhesion of Wet Surfaces in the Atomic Force
Microscope 118
6.8. Influence of Polymers on Wet Adhesion 122
6.9. Restructuring of Surfaces and Interfaces 126
6.10. The Nanoscale Fountain Pen 128
6.11. References 130
7. Influence of the Adhesion and Fracture Mechanism:
The Third Law 133
7.1. Problem of the Wide Range of Adhesion Energy
Values 134
7.2. Hierarchy of Mechanisms Controlling Adhesion 135
7.3. The Simplest Failure of Adhesion 136
7.4. Chemical Breakage of Adhesive Joints 138
7.5. Brownian Adhesion 139
7.6. The Cracking Mechanism 141
7.7. Fracture Mechanics: Thermodynamic Theory of
Cracking 143
7.8. Experimental Proof that Stress does not Cause Cracking
of Adhesive Joints 145
7.9. Consistency of the Brownian Mechanism with Fracture
Mechanics 147
7.10. Elasticity in the Adhesion Mechanism 149
7.11. Roughness as a Strong Mechanism 151
7.12. References 153
8. More Intricate Mechanisms: Raising and Lowering Adhesion 155
8.1. Roughness and Contamination as Hysteresis
Mechanisms 156
8.2. Dwell-time Effect 158
8.3. Adhesive Drag 160
xvi CONTENTS
8.4. Adhesive Drag and Hysteresis Measurements 163
8.5. Crack Stopping 165
8.6. Rolling, Tack and Adhesive Hysteresis 167
8.7. Adhesive Dislocations 170
8.8. Stringing or Crazing 171
8.9. Aggregation Mechanisms 173
8.10. Charge Separation and Electrical Effects 176
8.11. References 177
PART HI APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS
9. Adhesion of Particles: Deformation, Friction, and Sintering . . 181
9.1. Contact of Spheres 182
9.2. The JKR Contribution 184
9.3. The Nature of Adhesive Contact 187
9.4. Roughening the Surfaces 188
9.5. Effect of Roughness on Particle Adhesion 191
9.6. Friction of Fine Particles 193
9.7. Elastic Sintering of Fine Particles 197
9.8. Hysteresis and Drag in the Contact of Spheres 200
9.9. Plastic Contact of Particles 203
9.10. Sintering of Particles by Diffusion Mechanisms 205
9.11. References 209
10. Adhesion of Colloids: Dispersion, Aggregation, and
Flocculation 213
10.1. Ubiquity of Colloids 214
10.2. Colloids as Adhesion Sensors 215
10.3. Electrical Stabilization of Particle Dispersions 219
10.4. Point of Zero Charge; Adhesion Dominates 223
10.5. Secondary Minimum and Further Complex
Interactions 226
10.6. Effect of Dissolved Polymer on Colloid Adhesion 229
10.7. Particles with Strongly Bonded Polymer 231
10.8. Growing Crystals 232
10.9. Comminution of Colloids 235
10.10. Growing Uniform Colloidal Particles 238
10.11. References 242
CONTENTS xvii
11. Pastes and Gels: Effects of Adhesion on Structure and
Behavior 245
11.1. Importance of Pastes and Gels 246
11.2. Different Structures of Sols, Pastes, and Gels 248
11.3. Structure and Properties of a Gel 249
11.4. Elastic Modulus of Silica Gels 252
11.5. Shrinkage of Gels 254
11.6. Ultimate Structure of a Gel Product 257
11.7. Origin of Defects in Pastes 260
11.8. Fracture of Gels, Especially Cements 263
11.9. Paste Structure and Rheology 266
11.10. Controlling the Sol Gel Transition 268
11.11. References 272
12. Adhesion of Biological Cells: the Nature of Slime 275
12.1. Introduction and Importance 275
12.2. Models of Cell Contact: The Polymer Coating 277
12.3. Cell Membrane and Cytoplasm: Effects on Contact
Spot 279
12.4. Roughness and Cell Surfaces 281
12.5. Cell Adhesion by Probe Methods 284
12.6. Cell Adhesion by Flow Methods 287
12.7. Cell Counting Methods 290
12.8. New Approach to Cell Adhesion 291
12.9. Experimental Results 293
12.10. Application to Practice 296
12.11. Problematic Theories of Cell Adhesion 2
12.12. References 301
13. Nano-adhesion: Joining Materials for Electronic
Applications 305
13.1. The Size Effect in Adhesion: Small Is Beautiful 306
13.2. Adhesion of Plastic Contacts 3®
13.3. Adhesion of Single Atoms
13.4. Stretching Single Molecules in the Atomic Force
Microscope ]r,
13.5. Adhesion Strength of Small Features ili
13.6. Cleaning Particles from Wafers 5iZ
13.7. Adhesion in Electrophotography
xviii CONTENTS
13.8. Polymer Synthesis for Coating Silicon Wafers 319
13.9. Molecular Control of Nano-adhesion 321
13.10. Visualizing Adhesion Using Micro-focus X-rays 323
13.11. References 325
14. Films and Layers: Adhesion of Coatings 327
14.1. Complexity of Films and Coatings 328
14.2. Ideal Experimental Arrangement 330
14.3. Testing Methods for Adhesion of Films 331
14.4. Wedging of Films: Direct Linkage with Zero Friction . . . 333
14.5. Elastic Linkage during Wedging 334
14.6. Change in Elastic Linkage as the Crack Progresses 336
14.7. Elastic Linkages Easing Failure of Film Adhesion 338
14.8. Ultimate Adhesion: Pull-off and Indentation 340
14.9. Deforming the Substrate: Pull-off, Stretching, and
Indentation; Elastic, Plastic 343
14.10. Amplifying Mechanisms: Roughness, Elastic Arrest,
Deflection, Losses 347
14.11. References 350
15. Fracture and Toughness of Engineering Adhesive Joints 353
15.1. Importance of Bonded Structures 354
15.2. A Model of Bridge Collapse 355
15.3. Definition of Joint Toughness 356
15.4. History of the Failure of Lap Joint Theory 358
15.5. The Correct Theory of Lap Joint Strength 361
15.6. Consequences of this Theory of Lap Joint Failure 362
15.7. Strengthening of a Lap Joint by Prestressing 364
15.8. More Complex Overlapping Joints 366
15.9. Various Adhesive Joint Geometries 369
15.10. Summary of Engineering Adhesive Joints 372
15.11. References 373
16. Composite Materials: Held Together by Adhesion at
Interfaces 375
16.1. Particulate Composites 375
16.2. Effect of Interfaces 377
16.3. A Crack Meeting an Interface 380
16.4. Delamination at the Interface 384
CONTENTS xjx
16.5. Tough Laminates 389
16.6. Healing the Interface Crack: Interfacial Dislocations . . . 392
16.7. The Overall Picture: Crack Stopping, Deflection and
Healing 395
16.8. The Problem with Composites: Bending and
Compression 397
16.9. Adhesion of Fibers in Composites 400
16.10. Adjusting the Interface Adhesion in Fiber
Composites 403
16.11. References 405
17. The Future of Molecular Adhesion and the Sticky
Universe 409
17.1. Adhesion Problems Solved 410
17.2. Interesting Mechanisms 412
17.3. Does Adhesive Strength Exist ? 415
17.4. Adhesion at the Nanometer Level and Molecular
Scale 416
17.5. Improved Theory of Adhesion by Computer
Calculation 419
17.6. New Adhesion Applications 420
17.7. References 421
Index 423
|
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institution | BVB |
isbn | 0306465205 |
language | English |
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physical | XIX, 429 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
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spelling | Kendall, Kevin Verfasser aut Molecular adhesion and its applications the sticky universe Kevin Kendall New York [u.a.] Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publ. 2001 XIX, 429 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Adhesion Surface chemistry Adhäsion (DE-588)4000493-4 gnd rswk-swf Adhäsion (DE-588)4000493-4 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009559478&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Kendall, Kevin Molecular adhesion and its applications the sticky universe Adhesion Surface chemistry Adhäsion (DE-588)4000493-4 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4000493-4 |
title | Molecular adhesion and its applications the sticky universe |
title_auth | Molecular adhesion and its applications the sticky universe |
title_exact_search | Molecular adhesion and its applications the sticky universe |
title_full | Molecular adhesion and its applications the sticky universe Kevin Kendall |
title_fullStr | Molecular adhesion and its applications the sticky universe Kevin Kendall |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular adhesion and its applications the sticky universe Kevin Kendall |
title_short | Molecular adhesion and its applications |
title_sort | molecular adhesion and its applications the sticky universe |
title_sub | the sticky universe |
topic | Adhesion Surface chemistry Adhäsion (DE-588)4000493-4 gnd |
topic_facet | Adhesion Surface chemistry Adhäsion |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009559478&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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