Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America /:
This paper documents recent labor market performance in the Latin American region. The paper shows that unemployment, informality, and inequality have been falling over the past two decades, though still remain high. By contrast, productivity has remained stubbornly low. The paper, then, turns to th...
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| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
[Washington, D.C.] :
International Monetary Fund,
[2019]
|
| Schriftenreihe: | IMF working paper ;
WP/19/155. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Zusammenfassung: | This paper documents recent labor market performance in the Latin American region. The paper shows that unemployment, informality, and inequality have been falling over the past two decades, though still remain high. By contrast, productivity has remained stubbornly low. The paper, then, turns to the potential impacts of various labor market institutions, including employment protection legislation (EPL), minimum wages (MW), payroll taxes, unemployment insurance (UI) and collective bargaining, as well as the impacts of demographic changes on labor market performance. The paper relies on evidence from carefully conducted studies based on micro-data for countries in the region and for other countries with similar income levels to draw conclusions on the impact of labor market institutions and demographic factors on unemployment, informality, inequality and productivity. The decreases in unemployment and informality can be partly explained by the reduced strictness of EPL and payroll taxes, but also by the increased shares of more educated and older workers. By contrast, the fall in inequality starting in 2002 can be explained by a combination of binding MW throughout most of the region and, to a lesser extent, by the introduction of UI systems in some countries and the role of unions in countries with moderate unionization rates. Falling inequality can also be explained by the fall in the returns to skill associated with increased share of more educated and older workers. |
| Beschreibung: | 1 online resource (37 pages) |
| ISBN: | 1513508105 9781513508108 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America / |c by Professor Adriana D. Kugler. |
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| 505 | 0 | |a Cover; Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America; Abstract; I. INTRODUCTION; II. OVERVIEW OF LABOR MARKETS IN LATIN AMERICAN; III. IMPACTS OF LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS IN LATIN AMERICA; IV. IMPACTS OF DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS; V. CONCLUSION; REFERENCES; Figure; Figure 1: Unemployment Rate Latin America & the Caribbean; Figure 2: Unemployment in Latin America; Figure 3: Informal Employment in Latin America; Figure 4: Share of Workers in Informal Sector, 2012; Figure 5: Labor Productivity in Latin America | |
| 505 | 8 | |a Figure 6: Labor Productivity in Latin AmericaFigure 7: Levels of the Gini Coefficient; Change in Labor Income Gini in Latin America 1995- 2013; Figure 9: Employment Protection Legislation Index in Latin America; Figure 10: Changes in EPL in Latin AmericaTemporary; Figure 11: Ratio of minimum to mean wages in Latin America; Figure 12: Ratio of minimum to median wages in Latin America; Figure 13: Payroll Taxes in Latin America; Figure 14: Gross Replacement Rate in Latin America; Figure 15: Trade Union Density Rate in Latin America | |
| 505 | 8 | |a Figure 16: Collective Bargaining Coverage Rate in Latin AmericaFigure 17: Average Years of Schooling in Latin America; Figure 18: Change in Return to Skill (completed tertiary vs. primary or less) in Latin America 1995-2013; Figure 19: Gender Wage Gap in Latin America | |
| 588 | 0 | |a Print version record. | |
| 520 | 3 | |a This paper documents recent labor market performance in the Latin American region. The paper shows that unemployment, informality, and inequality have been falling over the past two decades, though still remain high. By contrast, productivity has remained stubbornly low. The paper, then, turns to the potential impacts of various labor market institutions, including employment protection legislation (EPL), minimum wages (MW), payroll taxes, unemployment insurance (UI) and collective bargaining, as well as the impacts of demographic changes on labor market performance. The paper relies on evidence from carefully conducted studies based on micro-data for countries in the region and for other countries with similar income levels to draw conclusions on the impact of labor market institutions and demographic factors on unemployment, informality, inequality and productivity. The decreases in unemployment and informality can be partly explained by the reduced strictness of EPL and payroll taxes, but also by the increased shares of more educated and older workers. By contrast, the fall in inequality starting in 2002 can be explained by a combination of binding MW throughout most of the region and, to a lesser extent, by the introduction of UI systems in some countries and the role of unions in countries with moderate unionization rates. Falling inequality can also be explained by the fall in the returns to skill associated with increased share of more educated and older workers. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Labor market |z Latin America. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Labor laws and legislation |z Latin America. | |
| 650 | 6 | |a Marché du travail |z Amérique latine. | |
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| 651 | 7 | |a Latin America |2 fast | |
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| 758 | |i has work: |a Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America (Text) |1 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCGXC7TrVrcffWD3TPXjf7b |4 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/ontology/hasWork | ||
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Print version: |a Kugler, Adriana D. |t Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America. |d Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, ©2019 |z 9781484393840 |
| 830 | 0 | |a IMF working paper ; |v WP/19/155. | |
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| author | Kugler, Adriana D. |
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| contents | Cover; Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America; Abstract; I. INTRODUCTION; II. OVERVIEW OF LABOR MARKETS IN LATIN AMERICAN; III. IMPACTS OF LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS IN LATIN AMERICA; IV. IMPACTS OF DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS; V. CONCLUSION; REFERENCES; Figure; Figure 1: Unemployment Rate Latin America & the Caribbean; Figure 2: Unemployment in Latin America; Figure 3: Informal Employment in Latin America; Figure 4: Share of Workers in Informal Sector, 2012; Figure 5: Labor Productivity in Latin America Figure 6: Labor Productivity in Latin AmericaFigure 7: Levels of the Gini Coefficient; Change in Labor Income Gini in Latin America 1995- 2013; Figure 9: Employment Protection Legislation Index in Latin America; Figure 10: Changes in EPL in Latin AmericaTemporary; Figure 11: Ratio of minimum to mean wages in Latin America; Figure 12: Ratio of minimum to median wages in Latin America; Figure 13: Payroll Taxes in Latin America; Figure 14: Gross Replacement Rate in Latin America; Figure 15: Trade Union Density Rate in Latin America Figure 16: Collective Bargaining Coverage Rate in Latin AmericaFigure 17: Average Years of Schooling in Latin America; Figure 18: Change in Return to Skill (completed tertiary vs. primary or less) in Latin America 1995-2013; Figure 19: Gender Wage Gap in Latin America |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1113898305 |
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| discipline | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
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| id | ZDB-4-EBU-on1113898305 |
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| spelling | Kugler, Adriana D., author. Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America / by Professor Adriana D. Kugler. [Washington, D.C.] : International Monetary Fund, [2019] ©2019 1 online resource (37 pages) text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier IMF Working Paper ; WP/19/155 Cover; Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America; Abstract; I. INTRODUCTION; II. OVERVIEW OF LABOR MARKETS IN LATIN AMERICAN; III. IMPACTS OF LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS IN LATIN AMERICA; IV. IMPACTS OF DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS; V. CONCLUSION; REFERENCES; Figure; Figure 1: Unemployment Rate Latin America & the Caribbean; Figure 2: Unemployment in Latin America; Figure 3: Informal Employment in Latin America; Figure 4: Share of Workers in Informal Sector, 2012; Figure 5: Labor Productivity in Latin America Figure 6: Labor Productivity in Latin AmericaFigure 7: Levels of the Gini Coefficient; Change in Labor Income Gini in Latin America 1995- 2013; Figure 9: Employment Protection Legislation Index in Latin America; Figure 10: Changes in EPL in Latin AmericaTemporary; Figure 11: Ratio of minimum to mean wages in Latin America; Figure 12: Ratio of minimum to median wages in Latin America; Figure 13: Payroll Taxes in Latin America; Figure 14: Gross Replacement Rate in Latin America; Figure 15: Trade Union Density Rate in Latin America Figure 16: Collective Bargaining Coverage Rate in Latin AmericaFigure 17: Average Years of Schooling in Latin America; Figure 18: Change in Return to Skill (completed tertiary vs. primary or less) in Latin America 1995-2013; Figure 19: Gender Wage Gap in Latin America Print version record. This paper documents recent labor market performance in the Latin American region. The paper shows that unemployment, informality, and inequality have been falling over the past two decades, though still remain high. By contrast, productivity has remained stubbornly low. The paper, then, turns to the potential impacts of various labor market institutions, including employment protection legislation (EPL), minimum wages (MW), payroll taxes, unemployment insurance (UI) and collective bargaining, as well as the impacts of demographic changes on labor market performance. The paper relies on evidence from carefully conducted studies based on micro-data for countries in the region and for other countries with similar income levels to draw conclusions on the impact of labor market institutions and demographic factors on unemployment, informality, inequality and productivity. The decreases in unemployment and informality can be partly explained by the reduced strictness of EPL and payroll taxes, but also by the increased shares of more educated and older workers. By contrast, the fall in inequality starting in 2002 can be explained by a combination of binding MW throughout most of the region and, to a lesser extent, by the introduction of UI systems in some countries and the role of unions in countries with moderate unionization rates. Falling inequality can also be explained by the fall in the returns to skill associated with increased share of more educated and older workers. Labor market Latin America. Labor laws and legislation Latin America. Marché du travail Amérique latine. Labor laws and legislation fast Labor market fast Latin America fast International Monetary Fund, issuing body. has work: Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America (Text) https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCGXC7TrVrcffWD3TPXjf7b https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/ontology/hasWork Print version: Kugler, Adriana D. Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America. Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, ©2019 9781484393840 IMF working paper ; WP/19/155. FWS01 ZDB-4-EBU FWS_PDA_EBU https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=2232986 Volltext |
| spellingShingle | Kugler, Adriana D. Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America / IMF working paper ; Cover; Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America; Abstract; I. INTRODUCTION; II. OVERVIEW OF LABOR MARKETS IN LATIN AMERICAN; III. IMPACTS OF LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS IN LATIN AMERICA; IV. IMPACTS OF DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS; V. CONCLUSION; REFERENCES; Figure; Figure 1: Unemployment Rate Latin America & the Caribbean; Figure 2: Unemployment in Latin America; Figure 3: Informal Employment in Latin America; Figure 4: Share of Workers in Informal Sector, 2012; Figure 5: Labor Productivity in Latin America Figure 6: Labor Productivity in Latin AmericaFigure 7: Levels of the Gini Coefficient; Change in Labor Income Gini in Latin America 1995- 2013; Figure 9: Employment Protection Legislation Index in Latin America; Figure 10: Changes in EPL in Latin AmericaTemporary; Figure 11: Ratio of minimum to mean wages in Latin America; Figure 12: Ratio of minimum to median wages in Latin America; Figure 13: Payroll Taxes in Latin America; Figure 14: Gross Replacement Rate in Latin America; Figure 15: Trade Union Density Rate in Latin America Figure 16: Collective Bargaining Coverage Rate in Latin AmericaFigure 17: Average Years of Schooling in Latin America; Figure 18: Change in Return to Skill (completed tertiary vs. primary or less) in Latin America 1995-2013; Figure 19: Gender Wage Gap in Latin America Labor market Latin America. Labor laws and legislation Latin America. Marché du travail Amérique latine. Labor laws and legislation fast Labor market fast |
| title | Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America / |
| title_auth | Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America / |
| title_exact_search | Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America / |
| title_full | Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America / by Professor Adriana D. Kugler. |
| title_fullStr | Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America / by Professor Adriana D. Kugler. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America / by Professor Adriana D. Kugler. |
| title_short | Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America / |
| title_sort | impacts of labor market institutions and demographic factors on labor markets in latin america |
| topic | Labor market Latin America. Labor laws and legislation Latin America. Marché du travail Amérique latine. Labor laws and legislation fast Labor market fast |
| topic_facet | Labor market Latin America. Labor laws and legislation Latin America. Marché du travail Amérique latine. Labor laws and legislation Labor market Latin America |
| url | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=2232986 |
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