Breaking point :: the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War II /
"This book informs the public for the first time about the impact of American psychiatry on soldiers during World War II. Breaking Point is the first in-depth history of American psychiatry in World War II. Drawn from unpublished primary documents, oral histories, and the author's personal...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York :
Fordham University Press,
[2023]
|
| Schriftenreihe: | World War II--the global, human, and ethical dimension.
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Zusammenfassung: | "This book informs the public for the first time about the impact of American psychiatry on soldiers during World War II. Breaking Point is the first in-depth history of American psychiatry in World War II. Drawn from unpublished primary documents, oral histories, and the author's personal interviews and correspondence over years with key psychiatric and military policymakers, it begins with Franklin Roosevelt's endorsement of a universal Selective Service psychiatric examination followed by Army and Navy pre- and post-induction examinations. Ultimately, 2.5 million men and women were rejected or discharged from military service on neuropsychiatric grounds. Never before or since has the United States engaged in such a program. In designing Selective Service Medical Circular No. 1, psychiatrist Harry Stack Sullivan assumed psychiatrists could predict who might break down or falter in military service or even in civilian life thereafter. While many American and European psychiatrists questioned this belief, and huge numbers of American psychiatric casualties soon raised questions about screening's validity, psychiatric and military leaders persisted in 1942 and 1943 in endorsing ever tougher screening and little else. Soon, families complained of fathers and teens being drafted instead of being identified as psychiatric 4Fs, and Blacks and Native Americans, among others, complained of bias. A frustrated General George S. Patton famously slapped two "malingering" neuropsychiatric patients in Sicily (a sentiment shared by Marshall and Eisenhower, though they favored a tamer style). Yet psychiatric rejections, evacuations, and discharges mounted. While psychiatrist Roy Grinker and a few others treated soldiers close to the front in Tunisia in early 1943, this was the exception. But as demand for manpower soared and psychiatrists finally went to the field and saw that combat itself, not "predisposition," precipitated breakdown, leading military psychiatrists switched their emphasis from screening to prevention and treatment. But this switch was too little too late and slowed by a year-long series of Inspector General investigations even while numbers of psychiatric casualties soared. Ironically, despite and even partly because of psychiatrists' wartime performance, plus the emotional toll of war, postwar America soon witnessed a dramatic growth in numbers, popularity, and influence of the profession, culminating in the National Mental Health Act (1946). But veterans with "PTSD," not recognized until 1980, were largely neglected"-- |
| Beschreibung: | 1 online resource. |
| Bibliographie: | Includes bibliographical references and index. |
| ISBN: | 9781531500139 1531500137 9781531500146 1531500145 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Greene, Rebecca Schwartz. |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n87842939 | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Breaking point : |b the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War II / |c Rebecca Schwartz Greene. |
| 246 | 3 | |a Breaking point : |b the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War 2 | |
| 246 | 3 | |a Breaking point : |b the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War two | |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York : |b Fordham University Press, |c [2023] | |
| 300 | |a 1 online resource. | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a World War II: the global, human, and ethical dimension | |
| 504 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index. | ||
| 505 | 0 | |a Mobilizing for war -- Military necessity overrides psychiatric skepticism -- Debating screening's viability -- Psychiatric policy making in the throes of war -- The public reaction -- The response of psychiatrists -- The horrors of war and beginnings of change -- From prediction to prevention -- Limits of prevention and treatment -- Return to normalcy -- From "war man" to "peace man". | |
| 588 | |a Description based on online resource; title from digital title page (viewed on January 09, 2023). | ||
| 520 | |a "This book informs the public for the first time about the impact of American psychiatry on soldiers during World War II. Breaking Point is the first in-depth history of American psychiatry in World War II. Drawn from unpublished primary documents, oral histories, and the author's personal interviews and correspondence over years with key psychiatric and military policymakers, it begins with Franklin Roosevelt's endorsement of a universal Selective Service psychiatric examination followed by Army and Navy pre- and post-induction examinations. Ultimately, 2.5 million men and women were rejected or discharged from military service on neuropsychiatric grounds. Never before or since has the United States engaged in such a program. In designing Selective Service Medical Circular No. 1, psychiatrist Harry Stack Sullivan assumed psychiatrists could predict who might break down or falter in military service or even in civilian life thereafter. While many American and European psychiatrists questioned this belief, and huge numbers of American psychiatric casualties soon raised questions about screening's validity, psychiatric and military leaders persisted in 1942 and 1943 in endorsing ever tougher screening and little else. Soon, families complained of fathers and teens being drafted instead of being identified as psychiatric 4Fs, and Blacks and Native Americans, among others, complained of bias. A frustrated General George S. Patton famously slapped two "malingering" neuropsychiatric patients in Sicily (a sentiment shared by Marshall and Eisenhower, though they favored a tamer style). Yet psychiatric rejections, evacuations, and discharges mounted. While psychiatrist Roy Grinker and a few others treated soldiers close to the front in Tunisia in early 1943, this was the exception. But as demand for manpower soared and psychiatrists finally went to the field and saw that combat itself, not "predisposition," precipitated breakdown, leading military psychiatrists switched their emphasis from screening to prevention and treatment. But this switch was too little too late and slowed by a year-long series of Inspector General investigations even while numbers of psychiatric casualties soared. Ironically, despite and even partly because of psychiatrists' wartime performance, plus the emotional toll of war, postwar America soon witnessed a dramatic growth in numbers, popularity, and influence of the profession, culminating in the National Mental Health Act (1946). But veterans with "PTSD," not recognized until 1980, were largely neglected"-- |c Provided by publisher. | ||
| 546 | |a In English. | ||
| 650 | 0 | |a Military psychiatry |z United States |x History |y 20th century. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a World War, 1939-1945 |x Psychological aspects. |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85148482 | |
| 650 | 6 | |a Psychiatrie militaire |z États-Unis |x Histoire |y 20e siècle. | |
| 650 | 6 | |a Guerre mondiale, 1939-1945 |x Aspect psychologique. | |
| 650 | 7 | |a HISTORY / Military / World War II |2 bisacsh | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Military psychiatry |2 fast | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Psychological aspects |2 fast | |
| 651 | 7 | |a United States |2 fast |1 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtxgQXMWqmjMjjwXRHgrq | |
| 647 | 7 | |a World War |d (1939-1945) |2 fast |1 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39Qhp4vBbhpRH9XvjbDFXtxhb | |
| 648 | 7 | |a 1900-1999 |2 fast | |
| 653 | |a Combat Exhaustion. | ||
| 653 | |a George Patton. | ||
| 653 | |a Medical Circular No. 1. | ||
| 653 | |a Medical Survey Program. | ||
| 653 | |a Momism. | ||
| 653 | |a Neuropsychiatry in World War II. | ||
| 653 | |a PTSD. | ||
| 653 | |a Psychiatric Screening. | ||
| 653 | |a William Menninger. | ||
| 653 | |a "Let There Be Light". | ||
| 655 | 7 | |a History |2 fast | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tsika, Noah, |e author of preface. | |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Print version: |a Greene, Rebecca Schwartz. |t Breaking point. |b First edition. |d New York : Fordham University Press, 2023 |z 9781531500122 |w (DLC) 2022057243 |w (OCoLC)1368011989 |
| 830 | 0 | |a World War II--the global, human, and ethical dimension. |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n2002035922 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| _version_ | 1816882567105740800 |
| adam_text | |
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| author | Greene, Rebecca Schwartz |
| author_GND | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n87842939 |
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| author_role | |
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| contents | Mobilizing for war -- Military necessity overrides psychiatric skepticism -- Debating screening's viability -- Psychiatric policy making in the throes of war -- The public reaction -- The response of psychiatrists -- The horrors of war and beginnings of change -- From prediction to prevention -- Limits of prevention and treatment -- Return to normalcy -- From "war man" to "peace man". |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1352243623 |
| dewey-full | 355.3450973 |
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| dewey-ones | 355 - Military science |
| dewey-raw | 355.3450973 |
| dewey-search | 355.3450973 |
| dewey-sort | 3355.3450973 |
| dewey-tens | 350 - Public administration and military science |
| discipline | Militärwissenschaft |
| era | 1900-1999 fast |
| era_facet | 1900-1999 |
| format | Electronic eBook |
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| genre | History fast |
| genre_facet | History |
| geographic | United States fast https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtxgQXMWqmjMjjwXRHgrq |
| geographic_facet | United States |
| id | ZDB-4-EBA-on1352243623 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-11-27T13:30:40Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781531500139 1531500137 9781531500146 1531500145 |
| language | English |
| oclc_num | 1352243623 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | MAIN DE-863 DE-BY-FWS |
| owner_facet | MAIN DE-863 DE-BY-FWS |
| physical | 1 online resource. |
| psigel | ZDB-4-EBA |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateSearch | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | Fordham University Press, |
| record_format | marc |
| series | World War II--the global, human, and ethical dimension. |
| series2 | World War II: the global, human, and ethical dimension |
| spelling | Greene, Rebecca Schwartz. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n87842939 Breaking point : the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War II / Rebecca Schwartz Greene. Breaking point : the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War 2 Breaking point : the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War two New York : Fordham University Press, [2023] 1 online resource. text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier text file PDF rda World War II: the global, human, and ethical dimension Includes bibliographical references and index. Mobilizing for war -- Military necessity overrides psychiatric skepticism -- Debating screening's viability -- Psychiatric policy making in the throes of war -- The public reaction -- The response of psychiatrists -- The horrors of war and beginnings of change -- From prediction to prevention -- Limits of prevention and treatment -- Return to normalcy -- From "war man" to "peace man". Description based on online resource; title from digital title page (viewed on January 09, 2023). "This book informs the public for the first time about the impact of American psychiatry on soldiers during World War II. Breaking Point is the first in-depth history of American psychiatry in World War II. Drawn from unpublished primary documents, oral histories, and the author's personal interviews and correspondence over years with key psychiatric and military policymakers, it begins with Franklin Roosevelt's endorsement of a universal Selective Service psychiatric examination followed by Army and Navy pre- and post-induction examinations. Ultimately, 2.5 million men and women were rejected or discharged from military service on neuropsychiatric grounds. Never before or since has the United States engaged in such a program. In designing Selective Service Medical Circular No. 1, psychiatrist Harry Stack Sullivan assumed psychiatrists could predict who might break down or falter in military service or even in civilian life thereafter. While many American and European psychiatrists questioned this belief, and huge numbers of American psychiatric casualties soon raised questions about screening's validity, psychiatric and military leaders persisted in 1942 and 1943 in endorsing ever tougher screening and little else. Soon, families complained of fathers and teens being drafted instead of being identified as psychiatric 4Fs, and Blacks and Native Americans, among others, complained of bias. A frustrated General George S. Patton famously slapped two "malingering" neuropsychiatric patients in Sicily (a sentiment shared by Marshall and Eisenhower, though they favored a tamer style). Yet psychiatric rejections, evacuations, and discharges mounted. While psychiatrist Roy Grinker and a few others treated soldiers close to the front in Tunisia in early 1943, this was the exception. But as demand for manpower soared and psychiatrists finally went to the field and saw that combat itself, not "predisposition," precipitated breakdown, leading military psychiatrists switched their emphasis from screening to prevention and treatment. But this switch was too little too late and slowed by a year-long series of Inspector General investigations even while numbers of psychiatric casualties soared. Ironically, despite and even partly because of psychiatrists' wartime performance, plus the emotional toll of war, postwar America soon witnessed a dramatic growth in numbers, popularity, and influence of the profession, culminating in the National Mental Health Act (1946). But veterans with "PTSD," not recognized until 1980, were largely neglected"-- Provided by publisher. In English. Military psychiatry United States History 20th century. World War, 1939-1945 Psychological aspects. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85148482 Psychiatrie militaire États-Unis Histoire 20e siècle. Guerre mondiale, 1939-1945 Aspect psychologique. HISTORY / Military / World War II bisacsh Military psychiatry fast Psychological aspects fast United States fast https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtxgQXMWqmjMjjwXRHgrq World War (1939-1945) fast https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39Qhp4vBbhpRH9XvjbDFXtxhb 1900-1999 fast Combat Exhaustion. George Patton. Medical Circular No. 1. Medical Survey Program. Momism. Neuropsychiatry in World War II. PTSD. Psychiatric Screening. William Menninger. "Let There Be Light". History fast Tsika, Noah, author of preface. Print version: Greene, Rebecca Schwartz. Breaking point. First edition. New York : Fordham University Press, 2023 9781531500122 (DLC) 2022057243 (OCoLC)1368011989 World War II--the global, human, and ethical dimension. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n2002035922 FWS01 ZDB-4-EBA FWS_PDA_EBA https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=3021757 Volltext |
| spellingShingle | Greene, Rebecca Schwartz Breaking point : the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War II / World War II--the global, human, and ethical dimension. Mobilizing for war -- Military necessity overrides psychiatric skepticism -- Debating screening's viability -- Psychiatric policy making in the throes of war -- The public reaction -- The response of psychiatrists -- The horrors of war and beginnings of change -- From prediction to prevention -- Limits of prevention and treatment -- Return to normalcy -- From "war man" to "peace man". Military psychiatry United States History 20th century. World War, 1939-1945 Psychological aspects. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85148482 Psychiatrie militaire États-Unis Histoire 20e siècle. Guerre mondiale, 1939-1945 Aspect psychologique. HISTORY / Military / World War II bisacsh Military psychiatry fast Psychological aspects fast |
| subject_GND | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85148482 |
| title | Breaking point : the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War II / |
| title_alt | Breaking point : the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War 2 Breaking point : the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War two |
| title_auth | Breaking point : the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War II / |
| title_exact_search | Breaking point : the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War II / |
| title_full | Breaking point : the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War II / Rebecca Schwartz Greene. |
| title_fullStr | Breaking point : the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War II / Rebecca Schwartz Greene. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Breaking point : the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War II / Rebecca Schwartz Greene. |
| title_short | Breaking point : |
| title_sort | breaking point the ironic evolution of psychiatry in world war ii |
| title_sub | the ironic evolution of psychiatry in World War II / |
| topic | Military psychiatry United States History 20th century. World War, 1939-1945 Psychological aspects. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85148482 Psychiatrie militaire États-Unis Histoire 20e siècle. Guerre mondiale, 1939-1945 Aspect psychologique. HISTORY / Military / World War II bisacsh Military psychiatry fast Psychological aspects fast |
| topic_facet | Military psychiatry United States History 20th century. World War, 1939-1945 Psychological aspects. Psychiatrie militaire États-Unis Histoire 20e siècle. Guerre mondiale, 1939-1945 Aspect psychologique. HISTORY / Military / World War II Military psychiatry Psychological aspects United States History |
| url | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=3021757 |
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