The 1066 Norman bruisers :: how European thugs became english gentry /
The 1066 Norman Bruisers conjures up the vanished world of England in the late Middle Ages and casts light on one of the strangest quirks in the nation's history: how a bunch of European thugs became the quintessentially English gentry. In 1066 go-getting young immigrant Osbern Fitz Tezzo cross...
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Barnsley :
Pen & Sword History,
2020.
|
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Zusammenfassung: | The 1066 Norman Bruisers conjures up the vanished world of England in the late Middle Ages and casts light on one of the strangest quirks in the nation's history: how a bunch of European thugs became the quintessentially English gentry. In 1066 go-getting young immigrant Osbern Fitz Tezzo crossed the Channel in William the Conqueror's army. Little did he know that it would take five years to vanquish the English, years in which the Normans suffered almost as much as the people they had set out to subdue. For the English, the Norman Conquest was an unmitigated disaster, killing thousands by the sword or starvation. But for Osbern and his compatriots, it brought territory and treasure - and a generational evolution they could never have imagined. Osbern's descendants settled in Cheshire, which played a pivotal role in medieval England as the launch pad for Edward I's Welsh wars, the chief recruiting ground for royal armies and Richard II's regional powerhouse. Successive members of the Boydell family fought for monarchs and magnates, oversaw royal garrisons, travelled abroad as agents of the crown and helped to administer the laws of the land. When they weren't strutting across the stage of northwestern England, mingling with great men and participating in great events, they engaged in feuds, embarked on illicit love affairs and exerted their influence in the small corner of the country they had made their own. By 1378, when William Boydell died from wounds sustained in combat, the nation he defended was England and the enemy he opposed dwelled just forty miles from the place where Osbern had probably grown up. |
Beschreibung: | 1 online resource (ix, 276 pages) : illustrations, maps |
Bibliographie: | Includes bibliographical references and index. |
ISBN: | 9781526759412 1526759411 |
Internformat
MARC
LEADER | 00000cam a2200000 i 4500 | ||
---|---|---|---|
001 | ZDB-4-EBA-on1147973666 | ||
003 | OCoLC | ||
005 | 20241004212047.0 | ||
006 | m o d | ||
007 | cr cnu---unuuu | ||
008 | 200401s2020 enkab ob 001 0 eng d | ||
040 | |a N$T |b eng |e rda |e pn |c N$T |d YDX |d OCL |d OCLCQ |d K6U |d OCLCO |d OCLCQ |d OCLCO |d OCLCL | ||
020 | |a 9781526759412 |q (electronic bk.) | ||
020 | |a 1526759411 |q (electronic bk.) | ||
020 | |z 9781526759382 | ||
020 | |z 1526759381 | ||
035 | |a (OCoLC)1147973666 | ||
043 | |a e-uk-en |a e-uk--- | ||
050 | 4 | |a DA195 |b .K39 2020eb | |
082 | 7 | |a 942.02 |2 23 | |
049 | |a MAIN | ||
100 | 1 | |a Kay, Helen, |e author. | |
245 | 1 | 4 | |a The 1066 Norman bruisers : |b how European thugs became english gentry / |c helen Kay. |
264 | 1 | |a Barnsley : |b Pen & Sword History, |c 2020. | |
264 | 4 | |c ©2020 | |
300 | |a 1 online resource (ix, 276 pages) : |b illustrations, maps | ||
336 | |a text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |a computer |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |a online resource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
504 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index. | ||
505 | 0 | |a Winner takes all -- The wages of war -- An undone land -- What's in a name? -- Family versus flock -- The path of chivalry -- One Welshman's head -- Blade and trade -- On the King's business -- Floating in blood -- Illicit armour -- Cornered and constrained -- Black smoke -- An unequal contest -- Venom in the veins -- The double legacy -- Fortune's false wheel -- Ashes and dust. | |
520 | |a The 1066 Norman Bruisers conjures up the vanished world of England in the late Middle Ages and casts light on one of the strangest quirks in the nation's history: how a bunch of European thugs became the quintessentially English gentry. In 1066 go-getting young immigrant Osbern Fitz Tezzo crossed the Channel in William the Conqueror's army. Little did he know that it would take five years to vanquish the English, years in which the Normans suffered almost as much as the people they had set out to subdue. For the English, the Norman Conquest was an unmitigated disaster, killing thousands by the sword or starvation. But for Osbern and his compatriots, it brought territory and treasure - and a generational evolution they could never have imagined. Osbern's descendants settled in Cheshire, which played a pivotal role in medieval England as the launch pad for Edward I's Welsh wars, the chief recruiting ground for royal armies and Richard II's regional powerhouse. Successive members of the Boydell family fought for monarchs and magnates, oversaw royal garrisons, travelled abroad as agents of the crown and helped to administer the laws of the land. When they weren't strutting across the stage of northwestern England, mingling with great men and participating in great events, they engaged in feuds, embarked on illicit love affairs and exerted their influence in the small corner of the country they had made their own. By 1378, when William Boydell died from wounds sustained in combat, the nation he defended was England and the enemy he opposed dwelled just forty miles from the place where Osbern had probably grown up. | ||
588 | 0 | |a Print version record. | |
650 | 0 | |a Normans |z England |x History |y To 1500. | |
651 | 0 | |a Great Britain |x History |y Norman period, 1066-1154. |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056738 | |
651 | 0 | |a Great Britain |x History |y Plantagenets, 1154-1399. |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056749 | |
651 | 6 | |a Grande-Bretagne |x Histoire |y 1066-1154 (Période normande) | |
651 | 6 | |a Grande-Bretagne |x Histoire |y 1154-1399 (Plantagenêts) | |
650 | 7 | |a Normans |2 fast | |
651 | 7 | |a England |2 fast |1 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJpYDdYvBpjXV6WpybK68C | |
651 | 7 | |a Great Britain |2 fast |1 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdmp7p3cx8hpmJ8HvmTpP | |
648 | 7 | |a To 1500 |2 fast | |
655 | 7 | |a History |2 fast | |
758 | |i has work: |a The 1066 Norman bruisers (Text) |1 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCXjv3BgqFjfYKpp8xxXBGd |4 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/ontology/hasWork | ||
776 | 0 | 8 | |i Print version: |a Kay, Helen. |t 1066 Norman bruisers. |d Barnsley : Pen & Sword History, 2020 |z 9781526759382 |w (OCoLC)1120185284 |
856 | 4 | 0 | |l FWS01 |p ZDB-4-EBA |q FWS_PDA_EBA |u https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=2411562 |3 Volltext |
938 | |a EBSCOhost |b EBSC |n 2411562 | ||
938 | |a YBP Library Services |b YANK |n 301191765 | ||
994 | |a 92 |b GEBAY | ||
912 | |a ZDB-4-EBA | ||
049 | |a DE-863 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
DE-BY-FWS_katkey | ZDB-4-EBA-on1147973666 |
---|---|
_version_ | 1816882514267996160 |
adam_text | |
any_adam_object | |
author | Kay, Helen |
author_facet | Kay, Helen |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Kay, Helen |
author_variant | h k hk |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | localFWS |
callnumber-first | D - World History |
callnumber-label | DA195 |
callnumber-raw | DA195 .K39 2020eb |
callnumber-search | DA195 .K39 2020eb |
callnumber-sort | DA 3195 K39 42020EB |
callnumber-subject | DA - Great Britain |
collection | ZDB-4-EBA |
contents | Winner takes all -- The wages of war -- An undone land -- What's in a name? -- Family versus flock -- The path of chivalry -- One Welshman's head -- Blade and trade -- On the King's business -- Floating in blood -- Illicit armour -- Cornered and constrained -- Black smoke -- An unequal contest -- Venom in the veins -- The double legacy -- Fortune's false wheel -- Ashes and dust. |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1147973666 |
dewey-full | 942.02 |
dewey-hundreds | 900 - History & geography |
dewey-ones | 942 - England and Wales |
dewey-raw | 942.02 |
dewey-search | 942.02 |
dewey-sort | 3942.02 |
dewey-tens | 940 - History of Europe |
discipline | Geschichte |
era | To 1500 fast |
era_facet | To 1500 |
format | Electronic eBook |
fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>04404cam a2200553 i 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">ZDB-4-EBA-on1147973666</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">OCoLC</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20241004212047.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="006">m o d </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr cnu---unuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">200401s2020 enkab ob 001 0 eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">N$T</subfield><subfield code="b">eng</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield><subfield code="e">pn</subfield><subfield code="c">N$T</subfield><subfield code="d">YDX</subfield><subfield code="d">OCL</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCQ</subfield><subfield code="d">K6U</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCO</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCQ</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCO</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCL</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781526759412</subfield><subfield code="q">(electronic bk.)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1526759411</subfield><subfield code="q">(electronic bk.)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="z">9781526759382</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="z">1526759381</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1147973666</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="043" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">e-uk-en</subfield><subfield code="a">e-uk---</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">DA195</subfield><subfield code="b">.K39 2020eb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">942.02</subfield><subfield code="2">23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">MAIN</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Kay, Helen,</subfield><subfield code="e">author.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">The 1066 Norman bruisers :</subfield><subfield code="b">how European thugs became english gentry /</subfield><subfield code="c">helen Kay.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Barnsley :</subfield><subfield code="b">Pen & Sword History,</subfield><subfield code="c">2020.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="c">©2020</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 online resource (ix, 276 pages) :</subfield><subfield code="b">illustrations, maps</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">computer</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">online resource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="504" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Includes bibliographical references and index.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Winner takes all -- The wages of war -- An undone land -- What's in a name? -- Family versus flock -- The path of chivalry -- One Welshman's head -- Blade and trade -- On the King's business -- Floating in blood -- Illicit armour -- Cornered and constrained -- Black smoke -- An unequal contest -- Venom in the veins -- The double legacy -- Fortune's false wheel -- Ashes and dust.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">The 1066 Norman Bruisers conjures up the vanished world of England in the late Middle Ages and casts light on one of the strangest quirks in the nation's history: how a bunch of European thugs became the quintessentially English gentry. In 1066 go-getting young immigrant Osbern Fitz Tezzo crossed the Channel in William the Conqueror's army. Little did he know that it would take five years to vanquish the English, years in which the Normans suffered almost as much as the people they had set out to subdue. For the English, the Norman Conquest was an unmitigated disaster, killing thousands by the sword or starvation. But for Osbern and his compatriots, it brought territory and treasure - and a generational evolution they could never have imagined. Osbern's descendants settled in Cheshire, which played a pivotal role in medieval England as the launch pad for Edward I's Welsh wars, the chief recruiting ground for royal armies and Richard II's regional powerhouse. Successive members of the Boydell family fought for monarchs and magnates, oversaw royal garrisons, travelled abroad as agents of the crown and helped to administer the laws of the land. When they weren't strutting across the stage of northwestern England, mingling with great men and participating in great events, they engaged in feuds, embarked on illicit love affairs and exerted their influence in the small corner of the country they had made their own. By 1378, when William Boydell died from wounds sustained in combat, the nation he defended was England and the enemy he opposed dwelled just forty miles from the place where Osbern had probably grown up.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="588" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Print version record.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Normans</subfield><subfield code="z">England</subfield><subfield code="x">History</subfield><subfield code="y">To 1500.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Great Britain</subfield><subfield code="x">History</subfield><subfield code="y">Norman period, 1066-1154.</subfield><subfield code="0">http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056738</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Great Britain</subfield><subfield code="x">History</subfield><subfield code="y">Plantagenets, 1154-1399.</subfield><subfield code="0">http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056749</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="6"><subfield code="a">Grande-Bretagne</subfield><subfield code="x">Histoire</subfield><subfield code="y">1066-1154 (Période normande)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="6"><subfield code="a">Grande-Bretagne</subfield><subfield code="x">Histoire</subfield><subfield code="y">1154-1399 (Plantagenêts)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Normans</subfield><subfield code="2">fast</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">England</subfield><subfield code="2">fast</subfield><subfield code="1">https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJpYDdYvBpjXV6WpybK68C</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Great Britain</subfield><subfield code="2">fast</subfield><subfield code="1">https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdmp7p3cx8hpmJ8HvmTpP</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">To 1500</subfield><subfield code="2">fast</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="655" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">History</subfield><subfield code="2">fast</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="758" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="i">has work:</subfield><subfield code="a">The 1066 Norman bruisers (Text)</subfield><subfield code="1">https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCXjv3BgqFjfYKpp8xxXBGd</subfield><subfield code="4">https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/ontology/hasWork</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Print version:</subfield><subfield code="a">Kay, Helen.</subfield><subfield code="t">1066 Norman bruisers.</subfield><subfield code="d">Barnsley : Pen & Sword History, 2020</subfield><subfield code="z">9781526759382</subfield><subfield code="w">(OCoLC)1120185284</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="l">FWS01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-4-EBA</subfield><subfield code="q">FWS_PDA_EBA</subfield><subfield code="u">https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=2411562</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="938" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">EBSCOhost</subfield><subfield code="b">EBSC</subfield><subfield code="n">2411562</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="938" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">YBP Library Services</subfield><subfield code="b">YANK</subfield><subfield code="n">301191765</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="994" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">92</subfield><subfield code="b">GEBAY</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-4-EBA</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-863</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
genre | History fast |
genre_facet | History |
geographic | Great Britain History Norman period, 1066-1154. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056738 Great Britain History Plantagenets, 1154-1399. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056749 Grande-Bretagne Histoire 1066-1154 (Période normande) Grande-Bretagne Histoire 1154-1399 (Plantagenêts) England fast https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJpYDdYvBpjXV6WpybK68C Great Britain fast https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdmp7p3cx8hpmJ8HvmTpP |
geographic_facet | Great Britain History Norman period, 1066-1154. Great Britain History Plantagenets, 1154-1399. Grande-Bretagne Histoire 1066-1154 (Période normande) Grande-Bretagne Histoire 1154-1399 (Plantagenêts) England Great Britain |
id | ZDB-4-EBA-on1147973666 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-11-27T13:29:49Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9781526759412 1526759411 |
language | English |
oclc_num | 1147973666 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | MAIN DE-863 DE-BY-FWS |
owner_facet | MAIN DE-863 DE-BY-FWS |
physical | 1 online resource (ix, 276 pages) : illustrations, maps |
psigel | ZDB-4-EBA |
publishDate | 2020 |
publishDateSearch | 2020 |
publishDateSort | 2020 |
publisher | Pen & Sword History, |
record_format | marc |
spelling | Kay, Helen, author. The 1066 Norman bruisers : how European thugs became english gentry / helen Kay. Barnsley : Pen & Sword History, 2020. ©2020 1 online resource (ix, 276 pages) : illustrations, maps text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index. Winner takes all -- The wages of war -- An undone land -- What's in a name? -- Family versus flock -- The path of chivalry -- One Welshman's head -- Blade and trade -- On the King's business -- Floating in blood -- Illicit armour -- Cornered and constrained -- Black smoke -- An unequal contest -- Venom in the veins -- The double legacy -- Fortune's false wheel -- Ashes and dust. The 1066 Norman Bruisers conjures up the vanished world of England in the late Middle Ages and casts light on one of the strangest quirks in the nation's history: how a bunch of European thugs became the quintessentially English gentry. In 1066 go-getting young immigrant Osbern Fitz Tezzo crossed the Channel in William the Conqueror's army. Little did he know that it would take five years to vanquish the English, years in which the Normans suffered almost as much as the people they had set out to subdue. For the English, the Norman Conquest was an unmitigated disaster, killing thousands by the sword or starvation. But for Osbern and his compatriots, it brought territory and treasure - and a generational evolution they could never have imagined. Osbern's descendants settled in Cheshire, which played a pivotal role in medieval England as the launch pad for Edward I's Welsh wars, the chief recruiting ground for royal armies and Richard II's regional powerhouse. Successive members of the Boydell family fought for monarchs and magnates, oversaw royal garrisons, travelled abroad as agents of the crown and helped to administer the laws of the land. When they weren't strutting across the stage of northwestern England, mingling with great men and participating in great events, they engaged in feuds, embarked on illicit love affairs and exerted their influence in the small corner of the country they had made their own. By 1378, when William Boydell died from wounds sustained in combat, the nation he defended was England and the enemy he opposed dwelled just forty miles from the place where Osbern had probably grown up. Print version record. Normans England History To 1500. Great Britain History Norman period, 1066-1154. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056738 Great Britain History Plantagenets, 1154-1399. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056749 Grande-Bretagne Histoire 1066-1154 (Période normande) Grande-Bretagne Histoire 1154-1399 (Plantagenêts) Normans fast England fast https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJpYDdYvBpjXV6WpybK68C Great Britain fast https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdmp7p3cx8hpmJ8HvmTpP To 1500 fast History fast has work: The 1066 Norman bruisers (Text) https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCXjv3BgqFjfYKpp8xxXBGd https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/ontology/hasWork Print version: Kay, Helen. 1066 Norman bruisers. Barnsley : Pen & Sword History, 2020 9781526759382 (OCoLC)1120185284 FWS01 ZDB-4-EBA FWS_PDA_EBA https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=2411562 Volltext |
spellingShingle | Kay, Helen The 1066 Norman bruisers : how European thugs became english gentry / Winner takes all -- The wages of war -- An undone land -- What's in a name? -- Family versus flock -- The path of chivalry -- One Welshman's head -- Blade and trade -- On the King's business -- Floating in blood -- Illicit armour -- Cornered and constrained -- Black smoke -- An unequal contest -- Venom in the veins -- The double legacy -- Fortune's false wheel -- Ashes and dust. Normans England History To 1500. Normans fast |
subject_GND | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056738 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056749 |
title | The 1066 Norman bruisers : how European thugs became english gentry / |
title_auth | The 1066 Norman bruisers : how European thugs became english gentry / |
title_exact_search | The 1066 Norman bruisers : how European thugs became english gentry / |
title_full | The 1066 Norman bruisers : how European thugs became english gentry / helen Kay. |
title_fullStr | The 1066 Norman bruisers : how European thugs became english gentry / helen Kay. |
title_full_unstemmed | The 1066 Norman bruisers : how European thugs became english gentry / helen Kay. |
title_short | The 1066 Norman bruisers : |
title_sort | 1066 norman bruisers how european thugs became english gentry |
title_sub | how European thugs became english gentry / |
topic | Normans England History To 1500. Normans fast |
topic_facet | Normans England History To 1500. Great Britain History Norman period, 1066-1154. Great Britain History Plantagenets, 1154-1399. Grande-Bretagne Histoire 1066-1154 (Période normande) Grande-Bretagne Histoire 1154-1399 (Plantagenêts) Normans England Great Britain History |
url | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=2411562 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT kayhelen the1066normanbruisershoweuropeanthugsbecameenglishgentry AT kayhelen 1066normanbruisershoweuropeanthugsbecameenglishgentry |