Fractures in knapping /:
This text is for students and practitioners of not only knapping, lithic technology and archaeology, but also of fractography and fracture mechanics.
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford :
Archaeopress,
[2014]
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Zusammenfassung: | This text is for students and practitioners of not only knapping, lithic technology and archaeology, but also of fractography and fracture mechanics. |
| Beschreibung: | Available through Archaeopress Digital Subscription Service. |
| Beschreibung: | 1 online resource : illustrations (black and white) |
| Zielpublikum: | Specialized. |
| Bibliographie: | Includes bibliographical references and index. |
| ISBN: | 1784910236 9781784910235 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Tsirk, Are, |e author. | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Fractures in knapping / |c Are Tsirk. |
| 264 | 1 | |a Oxford : |b Archaeopress, |c [2014] | |
| 264 | 4 | |c ©2014 | |
| 300 | |a 1 online resource : |b illustrations (black and white) | ||
| 336 | |a text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 336 | |a still image |b sti |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a computer |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a online resource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 504 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index. | ||
| 520 | 8 | |a This text is for students and practitioners of not only knapping, lithic technology and archaeology, but also of fractography and fracture mechanics. | |
| 521 | |a Specialized. | ||
| 588 | 0 | |a Online resource; title from home page (viewed on March 15, 2016). | |
| 500 | |a Available through Archaeopress Digital Subscription Service. | ||
| 505 | 0 | |a PART I: ELEMENTS OF KNAPPING 1.Knapping Past and Present Introduction Traditional Crafts and Industrial Society Prehistoric Knapping Recent and Remnant Knapping Traditions Some Specialized Knapping Traditions Gunflints Threshing Sledges Ceramic Industry Modern Knapping and Recent Explosion Of Interest Knapping Studies Archaeological Record Ethnography Knapping Experiments Living Archaeology Mechanics, Fracture Mechanics and Fractography Contemporary Crafts 2.Knapping Tools and Techniques Antler and Wood Billets Hammerstones Punches Pressure Flakers Holding and Fabricating Devices Anvils and Supports Hides Grinding and Abrading Stones Nontraditional Tools and Acessories Use-Wear Indicators Direct Percussion Anvil Technique and Anvil Percussion Bipolar Percussion Indirect Percussion Pressure Flaking Pecking, Grinding, Polishing Edge and Platform Preparation Some Rules of Thumb Knappers' Wisdom, Folklore and Dilemmas Softer Percussors and Slower Blows Follow-Through with Forces Ridge Abrasion Wetting and Soaking Learning to Knap 3.Raw Materials Material Selection and Use Obsidian Flint and Chert Other Materials Physical and Mechanical Properties Microstructure and Physical Properties Homogeneity and Isotropy Elasticity, Ductility, Brittleness Elastic Constants Constants for Thermal Effects Strength and Fracture Toughness Mirror Constants Workability Alteration of Properties And Behavior Hydration and Vesiculation of Obsidian Cortex and Patina on Flint and Chert Thermal Cracking Thermal Alteration and Heat Treatment Environmental Effects Procurement Nontraditional Uses of Obsidian, Flint and Chert PART II -- FRACTURE MARKINGS: THE TOOLS OF FRACTOGRAPHY 4.An Overview 5. Hackles and Hackle Scars Twist Hackles and Single Tails Multiple Tails Parabolic Double Tails Hackle Scars Hackle Scar and Hackle Flake Bulbar Scar and Proximal Scar Ripple Scars Ridge Scars More on Hackle Scar Formation 6.Ripples Ripples Wallner Lines Normal Wallner Lines Anomalous Wallner Lines Stress Changes Causing Ripples Static Effects Specimen Vibration Stress Pulses Experimental Ripples Ultrasonic Modulation Sonic Modulation Exploding Wire Experiments Terminology and Interpretations by Others 7. Mirror, Mist, Hackle, Branching Mirror Mist and Velocity Hackle Branching, Incipient Branching and Lateral Wedges Velocity and Energy Considerations Mirror Constants and Stresses Markings Related to Mist and Hackle Wallner Mist-Hackle Configuration Mist Suppression Configurations Mist Lines 8.Miscellaneous Markings Material Interface Markings Material Interface Ridges and Ripples Material Interface Hackle Material Transition Ridge Split Marks Dividing Lines Ruffles Liquid-Induced Fracture Markings (Lifms) Effects of Moisture and Liquids Conditions for Manifestation of LIFMs Occurrence of LIFMs Significance of LIFMs Basic Kinds of LIFMs A Catalogue of LIFMs and Patterns Observation of LIFMs Variability with Liquids Variability with Lithic Materials LIFMs with Sonic Modulation LIFMs Observed with Condensation Some Surface Patterns PART III -- FRACTURES IN KNAPPING 9.Introduction Elements of a Mechanical System And Knapping Stresses, Stress Waves and Vibrations Some Fundamentals in Fracture Mechanics Catastrophic and Subcritical Crack Growth Research on Fractures in Knapping Other Research 10.Flake Initiations, Proximal and Surface Features Flake Initiations Some Definitions Hertzian Cone Fractures Contact Initiations Non-Contact Initiations Initiations with Multiple Blows Effects of Cortex and "Layering" Environmental Effects Percussor Softness and Speed Proximal Flake Features Platform Characteristics Dorsal Ridges and Curvatures Interior Platform Edge Wing Flakes Bulbs Popouts and Stepouts Flake Surface Features Fracture Directions Ripple Configurations and Fracture Fronts Ripple Concavity Ripples Related to Flake and Core Geometry Ripples at Inhomogeneities Why Ridges Guide Flakes Fracture Velocities Mist and Related Markings Hackle Scars Ruffles Split Marks Tails and Incipient Tails 11.Crack Paths and Flake Profile Features Criteria for Crack Paths Crack Paths and Core Geometry Crack Paths and Forces Applied Popouts and Related Fractures Compression Lips, Curls and Compression Wedges Step-In and Step-Out Fractures Incipient Breaks Popout Fractures Ripple Profiles and Kinks Wavy Crack Paths Flake Terminations "Jacked" Flakes 12.Forces in Knapping Non-Contact Flake Initiations Edge Angle and Core Geometry Location and Direction of Force Application Platform Characteristics Flaw Distributions Flaker Properties Contact Initiations Location of Force Application Direction of Force Application Edge Angle and Core Geometry Platform Characteristics Flaw Distributions Flaker Properties Contact and Non-Contact Flake Initiations: Comparisons Subsequent Detachment Direct Percussion Percussor Characteristics Velocity of Blows Indirect Percussion Punch Characteristics Striker Characteristics Core Mobility Percussion Flaking Pressure Flaking Supports Distal Dorsal Bipolar Percussion 13. Breakage of Blades, Flakes and Bifaces Axial Loads, Bending, Shear, Torsion and Their Effects Clues from Fracture Markings and Other Features Some Fractures with Blades and Flakes Splitting of Blades and Flakes Step-In and Step-Out Fractures Incipient Breaks Popouts Some Fractures with Bifaces Overshots and Edge-to-Edge Flakes Amputations Transverse Breakages Fracture Origins Fracture Directions Compression Lips, Curls and Compression Wedges Mist and Related Markings Branching and Lateral Wedges for Blades and Flakes Fracture Velocities Location of Force Application Some Special Breaks Bowties Slices Segmentation Aztec Appreciation of Mechanics. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Flintknapping. |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86002859 | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Stone implements |x Analysis. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Fracture mechanics. |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051154 | |
| 650 | 6 | |a Débitage (Préhistoire) | |
| 650 | 6 | |a Outils de pierre |x Analyse. | |
| 650 | 6 | |a Mécanique de la rupture. | |
| 650 | 7 | |a SOCIAL SCIENCE |x Archaeology. |2 bisacsh | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Flintknapping |2 fast | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Fracture mechanics |2 fast | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Stone implements |x Analysis |2 fast | |
| 710 | 2 | |a Archaeopress, |e publisher. |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2014145684 | |
| 758 | |i has work: |a Fractures in Knapping (Text) |1 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCYRdrXVQ6bxXjJMPf8j4hd |4 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/ontology/hasWork | ||
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Print version: |z 9781784910228 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| DE-BY-FWS_katkey | ZDB-4-EBA-ocn976024069 |
|---|---|
| _version_ | 1816882382285832192 |
| adam_text | |
| any_adam_object | |
| author | Tsirk, Are |
| author_facet | Tsirk, Are |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Tsirk, Are |
| author_variant | a t at |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | localFWS |
| callnumber-first | G - Geography, Anthropology, Recreation |
| callnumber-label | GN799 |
| callnumber-raw | GN799.T6 |
| callnumber-search | GN799.T6 |
| callnumber-sort | GN 3799 T6 |
| callnumber-subject | GN - Anthropology |
| collection | ZDB-4-EBA |
| contents | PART I: ELEMENTS OF KNAPPING 1.Knapping Past and Present Introduction Traditional Crafts and Industrial Society Prehistoric Knapping Recent and Remnant Knapping Traditions Some Specialized Knapping Traditions Gunflints Threshing Sledges Ceramic Industry Modern Knapping and Recent Explosion Of Interest Knapping Studies Archaeological Record Ethnography Knapping Experiments Living Archaeology Mechanics, Fracture Mechanics and Fractography Contemporary Crafts 2.Knapping Tools and Techniques Antler and Wood Billets Hammerstones Punches Pressure Flakers Holding and Fabricating Devices Anvils and Supports Hides Grinding and Abrading Stones Nontraditional Tools and Acessories Use-Wear Indicators Direct Percussion Anvil Technique and Anvil Percussion Bipolar Percussion Indirect Percussion Pressure Flaking Pecking, Grinding, Polishing Edge and Platform Preparation Some Rules of Thumb Knappers' Wisdom, Folklore and Dilemmas Softer Percussors and Slower Blows Follow-Through with Forces Ridge Abrasion Wetting and Soaking Learning to Knap 3.Raw Materials Material Selection and Use Obsidian Flint and Chert Other Materials Physical and Mechanical Properties Microstructure and Physical Properties Homogeneity and Isotropy Elasticity, Ductility, Brittleness Elastic Constants Constants for Thermal Effects Strength and Fracture Toughness Mirror Constants Workability Alteration of Properties And Behavior Hydration and Vesiculation of Obsidian Cortex and Patina on Flint and Chert Thermal Cracking Thermal Alteration and Heat Treatment Environmental Effects Procurement Nontraditional Uses of Obsidian, Flint and Chert PART II -- FRACTURE MARKINGS: THE TOOLS OF FRACTOGRAPHY 4.An Overview 5. Hackles and Hackle Scars Twist Hackles and Single Tails Multiple Tails Parabolic Double Tails Hackle Scars Hackle Scar and Hackle Flake Bulbar Scar and Proximal Scar Ripple Scars Ridge Scars More on Hackle Scar Formation 6.Ripples Ripples Wallner Lines Normal Wallner Lines Anomalous Wallner Lines Stress Changes Causing Ripples Static Effects Specimen Vibration Stress Pulses Experimental Ripples Ultrasonic Modulation Sonic Modulation Exploding Wire Experiments Terminology and Interpretations by Others 7. Mirror, Mist, Hackle, Branching Mirror Mist and Velocity Hackle Branching, Incipient Branching and Lateral Wedges Velocity and Energy Considerations Mirror Constants and Stresses Markings Related to Mist and Hackle Wallner Mist-Hackle Configuration Mist Suppression Configurations Mist Lines 8.Miscellaneous Markings Material Interface Markings Material Interface Ridges and Ripples Material Interface Hackle Material Transition Ridge Split Marks Dividing Lines Ruffles Liquid-Induced Fracture Markings (Lifms) Effects of Moisture and Liquids Conditions for Manifestation of LIFMs Occurrence of LIFMs Significance of LIFMs Basic Kinds of LIFMs A Catalogue of LIFMs and Patterns Observation of LIFMs Variability with Liquids Variability with Lithic Materials LIFMs with Sonic Modulation LIFMs Observed with Condensation Some Surface Patterns PART III -- FRACTURES IN KNAPPING 9.Introduction Elements of a Mechanical System And Knapping Stresses, Stress Waves and Vibrations Some Fundamentals in Fracture Mechanics Catastrophic and Subcritical Crack Growth Research on Fractures in Knapping Other Research 10.Flake Initiations, Proximal and Surface Features Flake Initiations Some Definitions Hertzian Cone Fractures Contact Initiations Non-Contact Initiations Initiations with Multiple Blows Effects of Cortex and "Layering" Environmental Effects Percussor Softness and Speed Proximal Flake Features Platform Characteristics Dorsal Ridges and Curvatures Interior Platform Edge Wing Flakes Bulbs Popouts and Stepouts Flake Surface Features Fracture Directions Ripple Configurations and Fracture Fronts Ripple Concavity Ripples Related to Flake and Core Geometry Ripples at Inhomogeneities Why Ridges Guide Flakes Fracture Velocities Mist and Related Markings Hackle Scars Ruffles Split Marks Tails and Incipient Tails 11.Crack Paths and Flake Profile Features Criteria for Crack Paths Crack Paths and Core Geometry Crack Paths and Forces Applied Popouts and Related Fractures Compression Lips, Curls and Compression Wedges Step-In and Step-Out Fractures Incipient Breaks Popout Fractures Ripple Profiles and Kinks Wavy Crack Paths Flake Terminations "Jacked" Flakes 12.Forces in Knapping Non-Contact Flake Initiations Edge Angle and Core Geometry Location and Direction of Force Application Platform Characteristics Flaw Distributions Flaker Properties Contact Initiations Location of Force Application Direction of Force Application Edge Angle and Core Geometry Platform Characteristics Flaw Distributions Flaker Properties Contact and Non-Contact Flake Initiations: Comparisons Subsequent Detachment Direct Percussion Percussor Characteristics Velocity of Blows Indirect Percussion Punch Characteristics Striker Characteristics Core Mobility Percussion Flaking Pressure Flaking Supports Distal Dorsal Bipolar Percussion 13. Breakage of Blades, Flakes and Bifaces Axial Loads, Bending, Shear, Torsion and Their Effects Clues from Fracture Markings and Other Features Some Fractures with Blades and Flakes Splitting of Blades and Flakes Step-In and Step-Out Fractures Incipient Breaks Popouts Some Fractures with Bifaces Overshots and Edge-to-Edge Flakes Amputations Transverse Breakages Fracture Origins Fracture Directions Compression Lips, Curls and Compression Wedges Mist and Related Markings Branching and Lateral Wedges for Blades and Flakes Fracture Velocities Location of Force Application Some Special Breaks Bowties Slices Segmentation Aztec Appreciation of Mechanics. |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)976024069 |
| dewey-full | 930.12 |
| dewey-hundreds | 900 - History & geography |
| dewey-ones | 930 - History of ancient world to ca. 499 |
| dewey-raw | 930.12 |
| dewey-search | 930.12 |
| dewey-sort | 3930.12 |
| dewey-tens | 930 - History of ancient world to ca. 499 |
| discipline | Geschichte Klassische Archäologie |
| format | Electronic eBook |
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title from home page (viewed on March 15, 2016).</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Available through Archaeopress Digital Subscription Service.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">PART I: ELEMENTS OF KNAPPING 1.Knapping Past and Present Introduction Traditional Crafts and Industrial Society Prehistoric Knapping Recent and Remnant Knapping Traditions Some Specialized Knapping Traditions Gunflints Threshing Sledges Ceramic Industry Modern Knapping and Recent Explosion Of Interest Knapping Studies Archaeological Record Ethnography Knapping Experiments Living Archaeology Mechanics, Fracture Mechanics and Fractography Contemporary Crafts 2.Knapping Tools and Techniques Antler and Wood Billets Hammerstones Punches Pressure Flakers Holding and Fabricating Devices Anvils and Supports Hides Grinding and Abrading Stones Nontraditional Tools and Acessories Use-Wear Indicators Direct Percussion Anvil Technique and Anvil Percussion Bipolar Percussion Indirect Percussion Pressure Flaking Pecking, Grinding, Polishing Edge and Platform Preparation Some Rules of Thumb Knappers' Wisdom, Folklore and Dilemmas Softer Percussors and Slower Blows Follow-Through with Forces Ridge Abrasion Wetting and Soaking Learning to Knap 3.Raw Materials Material Selection and Use Obsidian Flint and Chert Other Materials Physical and Mechanical Properties Microstructure and Physical Properties Homogeneity and Isotropy Elasticity, Ductility, Brittleness Elastic Constants Constants for Thermal Effects Strength and Fracture Toughness Mirror Constants Workability Alteration of Properties And Behavior Hydration and Vesiculation of Obsidian Cortex and Patina on Flint and Chert Thermal Cracking Thermal Alteration and Heat Treatment Environmental Effects Procurement Nontraditional Uses of Obsidian, Flint and Chert PART II -- FRACTURE MARKINGS: THE TOOLS OF FRACTOGRAPHY 4.An Overview 5. Hackles and Hackle Scars Twist Hackles and Single Tails Multiple Tails Parabolic Double Tails Hackle Scars Hackle Scar and Hackle Flake Bulbar Scar and Proximal Scar Ripple Scars Ridge Scars More on Hackle Scar Formation 6.Ripples Ripples Wallner Lines Normal Wallner Lines Anomalous Wallner Lines Stress Changes Causing Ripples Static Effects Specimen Vibration Stress Pulses Experimental Ripples Ultrasonic Modulation Sonic Modulation Exploding Wire Experiments Terminology and Interpretations by Others 7. Mirror, Mist, Hackle, Branching Mirror Mist and Velocity Hackle Branching, Incipient Branching and Lateral Wedges Velocity and Energy Considerations Mirror Constants and Stresses Markings Related to Mist and Hackle Wallner Mist-Hackle Configuration Mist Suppression Configurations Mist Lines 8.Miscellaneous Markings Material Interface Markings Material Interface Ridges and Ripples Material Interface Hackle Material Transition Ridge Split Marks Dividing Lines Ruffles Liquid-Induced Fracture Markings (Lifms) Effects of Moisture and Liquids Conditions for Manifestation of LIFMs Occurrence of LIFMs Significance of LIFMs Basic Kinds of LIFMs A Catalogue of LIFMs and Patterns Observation of LIFMs Variability with Liquids Variability with Lithic Materials LIFMs with Sonic Modulation LIFMs Observed with Condensation Some Surface Patterns PART III -- FRACTURES IN KNAPPING 9.Introduction Elements of a Mechanical System And Knapping Stresses, Stress Waves and Vibrations Some Fundamentals in Fracture Mechanics Catastrophic and Subcritical Crack Growth Research on Fractures in Knapping Other Research 10.Flake Initiations, Proximal and Surface Features Flake Initiations Some Definitions Hertzian Cone Fractures Contact Initiations Non-Contact Initiations Initiations with Multiple Blows Effects of Cortex and "Layering" Environmental Effects Percussor Softness and Speed Proximal Flake Features Platform Characteristics Dorsal Ridges and Curvatures Interior Platform Edge Wing Flakes Bulbs Popouts and Stepouts Flake Surface Features Fracture Directions Ripple Configurations and Fracture Fronts Ripple Concavity Ripples Related to Flake and Core Geometry Ripples at Inhomogeneities Why Ridges Guide Flakes Fracture Velocities Mist and Related Markings Hackle Scars Ruffles Split Marks Tails and Incipient Tails 11.Crack Paths and Flake Profile Features Criteria for Crack Paths Crack Paths and Core Geometry Crack Paths and Forces Applied Popouts and Related Fractures Compression Lips, Curls and Compression Wedges Step-In and Step-Out Fractures Incipient Breaks Popout Fractures Ripple Profiles and Kinks Wavy Crack Paths Flake Terminations "Jacked" Flakes 12.Forces in Knapping Non-Contact Flake Initiations Edge Angle and Core Geometry Location and Direction of Force Application Platform Characteristics Flaw Distributions Flaker Properties Contact Initiations Location of Force Application Direction of Force Application Edge Angle and Core Geometry Platform Characteristics Flaw Distributions Flaker Properties Contact and Non-Contact Flake Initiations: Comparisons Subsequent Detachment Direct Percussion Percussor Characteristics Velocity of Blows Indirect Percussion Punch Characteristics Striker Characteristics Core Mobility Percussion Flaking Pressure Flaking Supports Distal Dorsal Bipolar Percussion 13. 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| id | ZDB-4-EBA-ocn976024069 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-11-27T13:27:43Z |
| institution | BVB |
| institution_GND | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2014145684 |
| isbn | 1784910236 9781784910235 |
| language | English |
| oclc_num | 976024069 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | MAIN DE-863 DE-BY-FWS |
| owner_facet | MAIN DE-863 DE-BY-FWS |
| physical | 1 online resource : illustrations (black and white) |
| psigel | ZDB-4-EBA |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publishDateSearch | 2014 |
| publishDateSort | 2014 |
| publisher | Archaeopress, |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Tsirk, Are, author. Fractures in knapping / Are Tsirk. Oxford : Archaeopress, [2014] ©2014 1 online resource : illustrations (black and white) text txt rdacontent still image sti rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index. This text is for students and practitioners of not only knapping, lithic technology and archaeology, but also of fractography and fracture mechanics. Specialized. Online resource; title from home page (viewed on March 15, 2016). Available through Archaeopress Digital Subscription Service. PART I: ELEMENTS OF KNAPPING 1.Knapping Past and Present Introduction Traditional Crafts and Industrial Society Prehistoric Knapping Recent and Remnant Knapping Traditions Some Specialized Knapping Traditions Gunflints Threshing Sledges Ceramic Industry Modern Knapping and Recent Explosion Of Interest Knapping Studies Archaeological Record Ethnography Knapping Experiments Living Archaeology Mechanics, Fracture Mechanics and Fractography Contemporary Crafts 2.Knapping Tools and Techniques Antler and Wood Billets Hammerstones Punches Pressure Flakers Holding and Fabricating Devices Anvils and Supports Hides Grinding and Abrading Stones Nontraditional Tools and Acessories Use-Wear Indicators Direct Percussion Anvil Technique and Anvil Percussion Bipolar Percussion Indirect Percussion Pressure Flaking Pecking, Grinding, Polishing Edge and Platform Preparation Some Rules of Thumb Knappers' Wisdom, Folklore and Dilemmas Softer Percussors and Slower Blows Follow-Through with Forces Ridge Abrasion Wetting and Soaking Learning to Knap 3.Raw Materials Material Selection and Use Obsidian Flint and Chert Other Materials Physical and Mechanical Properties Microstructure and Physical Properties Homogeneity and Isotropy Elasticity, Ductility, Brittleness Elastic Constants Constants for Thermal Effects Strength and Fracture Toughness Mirror Constants Workability Alteration of Properties And Behavior Hydration and Vesiculation of Obsidian Cortex and Patina on Flint and Chert Thermal Cracking Thermal Alteration and Heat Treatment Environmental Effects Procurement Nontraditional Uses of Obsidian, Flint and Chert PART II -- FRACTURE MARKINGS: THE TOOLS OF FRACTOGRAPHY 4.An Overview 5. Hackles and Hackle Scars Twist Hackles and Single Tails Multiple Tails Parabolic Double Tails Hackle Scars Hackle Scar and Hackle Flake Bulbar Scar and Proximal Scar Ripple Scars Ridge Scars More on Hackle Scar Formation 6.Ripples Ripples Wallner Lines Normal Wallner Lines Anomalous Wallner Lines Stress Changes Causing Ripples Static Effects Specimen Vibration Stress Pulses Experimental Ripples Ultrasonic Modulation Sonic Modulation Exploding Wire Experiments Terminology and Interpretations by Others 7. Mirror, Mist, Hackle, Branching Mirror Mist and Velocity Hackle Branching, Incipient Branching and Lateral Wedges Velocity and Energy Considerations Mirror Constants and Stresses Markings Related to Mist and Hackle Wallner Mist-Hackle Configuration Mist Suppression Configurations Mist Lines 8.Miscellaneous Markings Material Interface Markings Material Interface Ridges and Ripples Material Interface Hackle Material Transition Ridge Split Marks Dividing Lines Ruffles Liquid-Induced Fracture Markings (Lifms) Effects of Moisture and Liquids Conditions for Manifestation of LIFMs Occurrence of LIFMs Significance of LIFMs Basic Kinds of LIFMs A Catalogue of LIFMs and Patterns Observation of LIFMs Variability with Liquids Variability with Lithic Materials LIFMs with Sonic Modulation LIFMs Observed with Condensation Some Surface Patterns PART III -- FRACTURES IN KNAPPING 9.Introduction Elements of a Mechanical System And Knapping Stresses, Stress Waves and Vibrations Some Fundamentals in Fracture Mechanics Catastrophic and Subcritical Crack Growth Research on Fractures in Knapping Other Research 10.Flake Initiations, Proximal and Surface Features Flake Initiations Some Definitions Hertzian Cone Fractures Contact Initiations Non-Contact Initiations Initiations with Multiple Blows Effects of Cortex and "Layering" Environmental Effects Percussor Softness and Speed Proximal Flake Features Platform Characteristics Dorsal Ridges and Curvatures Interior Platform Edge Wing Flakes Bulbs Popouts and Stepouts Flake Surface Features Fracture Directions Ripple Configurations and Fracture Fronts Ripple Concavity Ripples Related to Flake and Core Geometry Ripples at Inhomogeneities Why Ridges Guide Flakes Fracture Velocities Mist and Related Markings Hackle Scars Ruffles Split Marks Tails and Incipient Tails 11.Crack Paths and Flake Profile Features Criteria for Crack Paths Crack Paths and Core Geometry Crack Paths and Forces Applied Popouts and Related Fractures Compression Lips, Curls and Compression Wedges Step-In and Step-Out Fractures Incipient Breaks Popout Fractures Ripple Profiles and Kinks Wavy Crack Paths Flake Terminations "Jacked" Flakes 12.Forces in Knapping Non-Contact Flake Initiations Edge Angle and Core Geometry Location and Direction of Force Application Platform Characteristics Flaw Distributions Flaker Properties Contact Initiations Location of Force Application Direction of Force Application Edge Angle and Core Geometry Platform Characteristics Flaw Distributions Flaker Properties Contact and Non-Contact Flake Initiations: Comparisons Subsequent Detachment Direct Percussion Percussor Characteristics Velocity of Blows Indirect Percussion Punch Characteristics Striker Characteristics Core Mobility Percussion Flaking Pressure Flaking Supports Distal Dorsal Bipolar Percussion 13. Breakage of Blades, Flakes and Bifaces Axial Loads, Bending, Shear, Torsion and Their Effects Clues from Fracture Markings and Other Features Some Fractures with Blades and Flakes Splitting of Blades and Flakes Step-In and Step-Out Fractures Incipient Breaks Popouts Some Fractures with Bifaces Overshots and Edge-to-Edge Flakes Amputations Transverse Breakages Fracture Origins Fracture Directions Compression Lips, Curls and Compression Wedges Mist and Related Markings Branching and Lateral Wedges for Blades and Flakes Fracture Velocities Location of Force Application Some Special Breaks Bowties Slices Segmentation Aztec Appreciation of Mechanics. Flintknapping. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86002859 Stone implements Analysis. Fracture mechanics. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051154 Débitage (Préhistoire) Outils de pierre Analyse. Mécanique de la rupture. SOCIAL SCIENCE Archaeology. bisacsh Flintknapping fast Fracture mechanics fast Stone implements Analysis fast Archaeopress, publisher. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2014145684 has work: Fractures in Knapping (Text) https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCYRdrXVQ6bxXjJMPf8j4hd https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/ontology/hasWork Print version: 9781784910228 FWS01 ZDB-4-EBA FWS_PDA_EBA https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=2273886 Volltext |
| spellingShingle | Tsirk, Are Fractures in knapping / PART I: ELEMENTS OF KNAPPING 1.Knapping Past and Present Introduction Traditional Crafts and Industrial Society Prehistoric Knapping Recent and Remnant Knapping Traditions Some Specialized Knapping Traditions Gunflints Threshing Sledges Ceramic Industry Modern Knapping and Recent Explosion Of Interest Knapping Studies Archaeological Record Ethnography Knapping Experiments Living Archaeology Mechanics, Fracture Mechanics and Fractography Contemporary Crafts 2.Knapping Tools and Techniques Antler and Wood Billets Hammerstones Punches Pressure Flakers Holding and Fabricating Devices Anvils and Supports Hides Grinding and Abrading Stones Nontraditional Tools and Acessories Use-Wear Indicators Direct Percussion Anvil Technique and Anvil Percussion Bipolar Percussion Indirect Percussion Pressure Flaking Pecking, Grinding, Polishing Edge and Platform Preparation Some Rules of Thumb Knappers' Wisdom, Folklore and Dilemmas Softer Percussors and Slower Blows Follow-Through with Forces Ridge Abrasion Wetting and Soaking Learning to Knap 3.Raw Materials Material Selection and Use Obsidian Flint and Chert Other Materials Physical and Mechanical Properties Microstructure and Physical Properties Homogeneity and Isotropy Elasticity, Ductility, Brittleness Elastic Constants Constants for Thermal Effects Strength and Fracture Toughness Mirror Constants Workability Alteration of Properties And Behavior Hydration and Vesiculation of Obsidian Cortex and Patina on Flint and Chert Thermal Cracking Thermal Alteration and Heat Treatment Environmental Effects Procurement Nontraditional Uses of Obsidian, Flint and Chert PART II -- FRACTURE MARKINGS: THE TOOLS OF FRACTOGRAPHY 4.An Overview 5. Hackles and Hackle Scars Twist Hackles and Single Tails Multiple Tails Parabolic Double Tails Hackle Scars Hackle Scar and Hackle Flake Bulbar Scar and Proximal Scar Ripple Scars Ridge Scars More on Hackle Scar Formation 6.Ripples Ripples Wallner Lines Normal Wallner Lines Anomalous Wallner Lines Stress Changes Causing Ripples Static Effects Specimen Vibration Stress Pulses Experimental Ripples Ultrasonic Modulation Sonic Modulation Exploding Wire Experiments Terminology and Interpretations by Others 7. Mirror, Mist, Hackle, Branching Mirror Mist and Velocity Hackle Branching, Incipient Branching and Lateral Wedges Velocity and Energy Considerations Mirror Constants and Stresses Markings Related to Mist and Hackle Wallner Mist-Hackle Configuration Mist Suppression Configurations Mist Lines 8.Miscellaneous Markings Material Interface Markings Material Interface Ridges and Ripples Material Interface Hackle Material Transition Ridge Split Marks Dividing Lines Ruffles Liquid-Induced Fracture Markings (Lifms) Effects of Moisture and Liquids Conditions for Manifestation of LIFMs Occurrence of LIFMs Significance of LIFMs Basic Kinds of LIFMs A Catalogue of LIFMs and Patterns Observation of LIFMs Variability with Liquids Variability with Lithic Materials LIFMs with Sonic Modulation LIFMs Observed with Condensation Some Surface Patterns PART III -- FRACTURES IN KNAPPING 9.Introduction Elements of a Mechanical System And Knapping Stresses, Stress Waves and Vibrations Some Fundamentals in Fracture Mechanics Catastrophic and Subcritical Crack Growth Research on Fractures in Knapping Other Research 10.Flake Initiations, Proximal and Surface Features Flake Initiations Some Definitions Hertzian Cone Fractures Contact Initiations Non-Contact Initiations Initiations with Multiple Blows Effects of Cortex and "Layering" Environmental Effects Percussor Softness and Speed Proximal Flake Features Platform Characteristics Dorsal Ridges and Curvatures Interior Platform Edge Wing Flakes Bulbs Popouts and Stepouts Flake Surface Features Fracture Directions Ripple Configurations and Fracture Fronts Ripple Concavity Ripples Related to Flake and Core Geometry Ripples at Inhomogeneities Why Ridges Guide Flakes Fracture Velocities Mist and Related Markings Hackle Scars Ruffles Split Marks Tails and Incipient Tails 11.Crack Paths and Flake Profile Features Criteria for Crack Paths Crack Paths and Core Geometry Crack Paths and Forces Applied Popouts and Related Fractures Compression Lips, Curls and Compression Wedges Step-In and Step-Out Fractures Incipient Breaks Popout Fractures Ripple Profiles and Kinks Wavy Crack Paths Flake Terminations "Jacked" Flakes 12.Forces in Knapping Non-Contact Flake Initiations Edge Angle and Core Geometry Location and Direction of Force Application Platform Characteristics Flaw Distributions Flaker Properties Contact Initiations Location of Force Application Direction of Force Application Edge Angle and Core Geometry Platform Characteristics Flaw Distributions Flaker Properties Contact and Non-Contact Flake Initiations: Comparisons Subsequent Detachment Direct Percussion Percussor Characteristics Velocity of Blows Indirect Percussion Punch Characteristics Striker Characteristics Core Mobility Percussion Flaking Pressure Flaking Supports Distal Dorsal Bipolar Percussion 13. Breakage of Blades, Flakes and Bifaces Axial Loads, Bending, Shear, Torsion and Their Effects Clues from Fracture Markings and Other Features Some Fractures with Blades and Flakes Splitting of Blades and Flakes Step-In and Step-Out Fractures Incipient Breaks Popouts Some Fractures with Bifaces Overshots and Edge-to-Edge Flakes Amputations Transverse Breakages Fracture Origins Fracture Directions Compression Lips, Curls and Compression Wedges Mist and Related Markings Branching and Lateral Wedges for Blades and Flakes Fracture Velocities Location of Force Application Some Special Breaks Bowties Slices Segmentation Aztec Appreciation of Mechanics. Flintknapping. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86002859 Stone implements Analysis. Fracture mechanics. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051154 Débitage (Préhistoire) Outils de pierre Analyse. Mécanique de la rupture. SOCIAL SCIENCE Archaeology. bisacsh Flintknapping fast Fracture mechanics fast Stone implements Analysis fast |
| subject_GND | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86002859 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051154 |
| title | Fractures in knapping / |
| title_auth | Fractures in knapping / |
| title_exact_search | Fractures in knapping / |
| title_full | Fractures in knapping / Are Tsirk. |
| title_fullStr | Fractures in knapping / Are Tsirk. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fractures in knapping / Are Tsirk. |
| title_short | Fractures in knapping / |
| title_sort | fractures in knapping |
| topic | Flintknapping. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86002859 Stone implements Analysis. Fracture mechanics. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051154 Débitage (Préhistoire) Outils de pierre Analyse. Mécanique de la rupture. SOCIAL SCIENCE Archaeology. bisacsh Flintknapping fast Fracture mechanics fast Stone implements Analysis fast |
| topic_facet | Flintknapping. Stone implements Analysis. Fracture mechanics. Débitage (Préhistoire) Outils de pierre Analyse. Mécanique de la rupture. SOCIAL SCIENCE Archaeology. Flintknapping Fracture mechanics Stone implements Analysis |
| url | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=2273886 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tsirkare fracturesinknapping AT archaeopress fracturesinknapping |