The growing gap in life expectancy by income :: implications for federal programs and policy responses /
The U.S. population is aging. Social Security projections suggest that between 2013 and 2050, the population aged 65 and over will almost double, from 45 million to 86 million. One key driver of population aging is ongoing increases in life expectancy. Average U.S. life expectancy was 67 years for m...
Gespeichert in:
| Körperschaften: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington, DC :
National Academies Press,
[2015]
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Online access: National Academy of Sciences National Academies Press.
Online access: NCBI NCBI Bookshelf. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Zusammenfassung: | The U.S. population is aging. Social Security projections suggest that between 2013 and 2050, the population aged 65 and over will almost double, from 45 million to 86 million. One key driver of population aging is ongoing increases in life expectancy. Average U.S. life expectancy was 67 years for males and 73 years for females five decades ago; the averages are now 76 and 81, respectively. It has long been the case that better-educated, higher-income people enjoy longer life expectancies than less-educated, lower-income people. The causes include early life conditions, behavioral factors (such as nutrition, exercise, and smoking behaviors), stress, and access to health care services, all of which can vary across education and income. Our major entitlement programs - Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, and Supplemental Security Income - have come to deliver disproportionately larger lifetime benefits to higher-income people because, on average, they are increasingly collecting those benefits over more years than others. This report studies the impact the growing gap in life expectancy has on the present value of lifetime benefits that people with higher or lower earnings will receive from major entitlement programs. The analysis presented in The Growing Gap in Life Expectancy by Income goes beyond an examination of the existing literature by providing the first comprehensive estimates of how lifetime benefits are affected by the changing distribution of life expectancy. The report also explores, from a lifetime benefit perspective, how the growing gap in longevity affects traditional policy analyses of reforms to the nation's leading entitlement programs. This in-depth analysis of the economic impacts of the longevity gap will inform debate and assist decision makers, economists, and researchers. |
| Beschreibung: | Title from PDF title page. |
| Beschreibung: | 1 online resource (1 PDF file (xiv, 167 pages)) : illustrations |
| Bibliographie: | Includes bibliographical references. |
| ISBN: | 9780309317078 030931707X 9780309317085 0309317088 9780309317108 030931710X |
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| 245 | 1 | 4 | |a The growing gap in life expectancy by income : |b implications for federal programs and policy responses / |c Committee on the Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects of the Aging U.S. Population--Phase II ; Committee on Population, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education ; Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications ; Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences ; The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. |
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| 520 | 3 | |a The U.S. population is aging. Social Security projections suggest that between 2013 and 2050, the population aged 65 and over will almost double, from 45 million to 86 million. One key driver of population aging is ongoing increases in life expectancy. Average U.S. life expectancy was 67 years for males and 73 years for females five decades ago; the averages are now 76 and 81, respectively. It has long been the case that better-educated, higher-income people enjoy longer life expectancies than less-educated, lower-income people. The causes include early life conditions, behavioral factors (such as nutrition, exercise, and smoking behaviors), stress, and access to health care services, all of which can vary across education and income. Our major entitlement programs - Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, and Supplemental Security Income - have come to deliver disproportionately larger lifetime benefits to higher-income people because, on average, they are increasingly collecting those benefits over more years than others. This report studies the impact the growing gap in life expectancy has on the present value of lifetime benefits that people with higher or lower earnings will receive from major entitlement programs. The analysis presented in The Growing Gap in Life Expectancy by Income goes beyond an examination of the existing literature by providing the first comprehensive estimates of how lifetime benefits are affected by the changing distribution of life expectancy. The report also explores, from a lifetime benefit perspective, how the growing gap in longevity affects traditional policy analyses of reforms to the nation's leading entitlement programs. This in-depth analysis of the economic impacts of the longevity gap will inform debate and assist decision makers, economists, and researchers. | |
| 588 | 0 | |a Online resource (viewed on December 08, 2015). | |
| 546 | |a English. | ||
| 505 | 0 | |a Population Aging in a Heterogeneous Society -- Growing Heterogeneity of the U.S. Population in Income and Life Expectancy -- Implications of Growing Heterogeneity -- Policy Responses to an Aging Population -- Conclusions -- Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members -- Appendix B: The Future Elderly Model: Technical Documentation. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Aging |x Economic aspects |z United States. | |
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| 650 | 0 | |a Economic forecasting |z United States. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Older people |z United States |x Economic conditions. | |
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| 650 | 0 | |a Income. |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85064759 | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Insurance. |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85066802 | |
| 650 | 1 | 2 | |a Life Expectancy |
| 650 | 2 | 2 | |a Income |
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| author_corporate | National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects of the Aging U.S. Population--Phase II National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Population National Research Council (U.S.). Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (U.S.) |
| author_corporate_role | aut aut aut aut |
| author_facet | National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects of the Aging U.S. Population--Phase II National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Population National Research Council (U.S.). Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (U.S.) |
| author_sort | National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects of the Aging U.S. Population--Phase II |
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| contents | Population Aging in a Heterogeneous Society -- Growing Heterogeneity of the U.S. Population in Income and Life Expectancy -- Implications of Growing Heterogeneity -- Policy Responses to an Aging Population -- Conclusions -- Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members -- Appendix B: The Future Elderly Model: Technical Documentation. |
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| genre | Statistics Statistics fast Statistics. lcgft http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026181 Statistiques. rvmgf |
| genre_facet | Statistics Statistics. Statistiques. |
| geographic | United States fast |
| geographic_facet | United States |
| id | ZDB-4-EBA-ocn915729245 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-11-27T13:26:44Z |
| institution | BVB |
| institution_GND | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n2015191097 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n85332488 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n2002014842 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2015135192 |
| isbn | 9780309317078 030931707X 9780309317085 0309317088 9780309317108 030931710X |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2016429236 |
| oclc_num | 915729245 |
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| owner_facet | MAIN DE-863 DE-BY-FWS |
| physical | 1 online resource (1 PDF file (xiv, 167 pages)) : illustrations |
| psigel | ZDB-4-EBA |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publishDateSearch | 2015 |
| publishDateSort | 2015 |
| publisher | National Academies Press, |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Online access: National Academy of Sciences National Academies Press. Online access: NCBI NCBI Bookshelf. |
| spelling | National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects of the Aging U.S. Population--Phase II, author. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n2015191097 The growing gap in life expectancy by income : implications for federal programs and policy responses / Committee on the Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects of the Aging U.S. Population--Phase II ; Committee on Population, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education ; Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications ; Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences ; The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC : National Academies Press, [2015] 1 online resource (1 PDF file (xiv, 167 pages)) : illustrations text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier Title from PDF title page. Includes bibliographical references. The U.S. population is aging. Social Security projections suggest that between 2013 and 2050, the population aged 65 and over will almost double, from 45 million to 86 million. One key driver of population aging is ongoing increases in life expectancy. Average U.S. life expectancy was 67 years for males and 73 years for females five decades ago; the averages are now 76 and 81, respectively. It has long been the case that better-educated, higher-income people enjoy longer life expectancies than less-educated, lower-income people. The causes include early life conditions, behavioral factors (such as nutrition, exercise, and smoking behaviors), stress, and access to health care services, all of which can vary across education and income. Our major entitlement programs - Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, and Supplemental Security Income - have come to deliver disproportionately larger lifetime benefits to higher-income people because, on average, they are increasingly collecting those benefits over more years than others. This report studies the impact the growing gap in life expectancy has on the present value of lifetime benefits that people with higher or lower earnings will receive from major entitlement programs. The analysis presented in The Growing Gap in Life Expectancy by Income goes beyond an examination of the existing literature by providing the first comprehensive estimates of how lifetime benefits are affected by the changing distribution of life expectancy. The report also explores, from a lifetime benefit perspective, how the growing gap in longevity affects traditional policy analyses of reforms to the nation's leading entitlement programs. This in-depth analysis of the economic impacts of the longevity gap will inform debate and assist decision makers, economists, and researchers. Online resource (viewed on December 08, 2015). English. Population Aging in a Heterogeneous Society -- Growing Heterogeneity of the U.S. Population in Income and Life Expectancy -- Implications of Growing Heterogeneity -- Policy Responses to an Aging Population -- Conclusions -- Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members -- Appendix B: The Future Elderly Model: Technical Documentation. Aging Economic aspects United States. Baby boom generation Retirement Economic aspects United States. Economic forecasting United States. Older people United States Economic conditions. Population aging Economic aspects Mathematical models. Age distribution (Demography) Economic aspects United States. Older people Economic conditions Forecasting. Older people Government policy Economic aspects. Aging United States. Retirement Economic aspects United States. Life expectancy Economic aspects United States. Life expectancy Government policy United States. Income distribution United States. Life expectancy. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85076821 Income. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85064759 Insurance. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85066802 Life Expectancy Income Insurance Vieillissement Aspect économique États-Unis. Génération du baby-boom Retraite Aspect économique États-Unis. Prévision économique États-Unis. Personnes âgées États-Unis Conditions économiques. Vieillissement de la population Aspect économique Modèles mathématiques. Répartition par âge (Démographie) Aspect économique États-Unis. Personnes âgées Conditions économiques Prévision. Personnes âgées Politique gouvernementale Aspect économique. Vieillissement États-Unis. Espérance de vie Aspect économique États-Unis. Espérance de vie Politique gouvernementale États-Unis. Revenu Répartition États-Unis. Espérance de vie. Revenu. Assurance. insurance. aat SOCIAL SCIENCE Death & Dying. bisacsh Life expectancy fast Insurance fast Income fast Age distribution (Demography) Economic aspects fast Aging fast Aging Economic aspects fast Economic forecasting fast Income distribution fast Life expectancy Economic aspects fast Older people Economic conditions fast Retirement Economic aspects fast United States fast Statistics Statistics fast Statistics. lcgft http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026181 Statistiques. rvmgf National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Population, author. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n85332488 National Research Council (U.S.). Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications, author. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n2002014842 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (U.S.), author. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2015135192 Print version: Growing gap in life expectancy by income. Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press [2015] 9780309317078 (OCoLC)907097147 Online access: National Academy of Sciences National Academies Press. Online access: NCBI NCBI Bookshelf. FWS01 ZDB-4-EBA FWS_PDA_EBA https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=1065517 Volltext |
| spellingShingle | The growing gap in life expectancy by income : implications for federal programs and policy responses / Online access: National Academy of Sciences National Academies Press. Online access: NCBI NCBI Bookshelf. Population Aging in a Heterogeneous Society -- Growing Heterogeneity of the U.S. Population in Income and Life Expectancy -- Implications of Growing Heterogeneity -- Policy Responses to an Aging Population -- Conclusions -- Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members -- Appendix B: The Future Elderly Model: Technical Documentation. Aging Economic aspects United States. Baby boom generation Retirement Economic aspects United States. Economic forecasting United States. Older people United States Economic conditions. Population aging Economic aspects Mathematical models. Age distribution (Demography) Economic aspects United States. Older people Economic conditions Forecasting. Older people Government policy Economic aspects. Aging United States. Retirement Economic aspects United States. Life expectancy Economic aspects United States. Life expectancy Government policy United States. Income distribution United States. Life expectancy. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85076821 Income. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85064759 Insurance. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85066802 Life Expectancy Income Insurance Vieillissement Aspect économique États-Unis. Génération du baby-boom Retraite Aspect économique États-Unis. Prévision économique États-Unis. Personnes âgées États-Unis Conditions économiques. Vieillissement de la population Aspect économique Modèles mathématiques. Répartition par âge (Démographie) Aspect économique États-Unis. Personnes âgées Conditions économiques Prévision. Personnes âgées Politique gouvernementale Aspect économique. Vieillissement États-Unis. Espérance de vie Aspect économique États-Unis. Espérance de vie Politique gouvernementale États-Unis. Revenu Répartition États-Unis. Espérance de vie. Revenu. Assurance. insurance. aat SOCIAL SCIENCE Death & Dying. bisacsh Life expectancy fast Insurance fast Income fast Age distribution (Demography) Economic aspects fast Aging fast Aging Economic aspects fast Economic forecasting fast Income distribution fast Life expectancy Economic aspects fast Older people Economic conditions fast Retirement Economic aspects fast |
| subject_GND | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85076821 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85064759 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85066802 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026181 |
| title | The growing gap in life expectancy by income : implications for federal programs and policy responses / |
| title_auth | The growing gap in life expectancy by income : implications for federal programs and policy responses / |
| title_exact_search | The growing gap in life expectancy by income : implications for federal programs and policy responses / |
| title_full | The growing gap in life expectancy by income : implications for federal programs and policy responses / Committee on the Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects of the Aging U.S. Population--Phase II ; Committee on Population, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education ; Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications ; Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences ; The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. |
| title_fullStr | The growing gap in life expectancy by income : implications for federal programs and policy responses / Committee on the Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects of the Aging U.S. Population--Phase II ; Committee on Population, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education ; Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications ; Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences ; The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. |
| title_full_unstemmed | The growing gap in life expectancy by income : implications for federal programs and policy responses / Committee on the Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects of the Aging U.S. Population--Phase II ; Committee on Population, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education ; Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications ; Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences ; The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. |
| title_short | The growing gap in life expectancy by income : |
| title_sort | growing gap in life expectancy by income implications for federal programs and policy responses |
| title_sub | implications for federal programs and policy responses / |
| topic | Aging Economic aspects United States. Baby boom generation Retirement Economic aspects United States. Economic forecasting United States. Older people United States Economic conditions. Population aging Economic aspects Mathematical models. Age distribution (Demography) Economic aspects United States. Older people Economic conditions Forecasting. Older people Government policy Economic aspects. Aging United States. Retirement Economic aspects United States. Life expectancy Economic aspects United States. Life expectancy Government policy United States. Income distribution United States. Life expectancy. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85076821 Income. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85064759 Insurance. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85066802 Life Expectancy Income Insurance Vieillissement Aspect économique États-Unis. Génération du baby-boom Retraite Aspect économique États-Unis. Prévision économique États-Unis. Personnes âgées États-Unis Conditions économiques. Vieillissement de la population Aspect économique Modèles mathématiques. Répartition par âge (Démographie) Aspect économique États-Unis. Personnes âgées Conditions économiques Prévision. Personnes âgées Politique gouvernementale Aspect économique. Vieillissement États-Unis. Espérance de vie Aspect économique États-Unis. Espérance de vie Politique gouvernementale États-Unis. Revenu Répartition États-Unis. Espérance de vie. Revenu. Assurance. insurance. aat SOCIAL SCIENCE Death & Dying. bisacsh Life expectancy fast Insurance fast Income fast Age distribution (Demography) Economic aspects fast Aging fast Aging Economic aspects fast Economic forecasting fast Income distribution fast Life expectancy Economic aspects fast Older people Economic conditions fast Retirement Economic aspects fast |
| topic_facet | Aging Economic aspects United States. Baby boom generation Retirement Economic aspects United States. Economic forecasting United States. Older people United States Economic conditions. Population aging Economic aspects Mathematical models. Age distribution (Demography) Economic aspects United States. Older people Economic conditions Forecasting. Older people Government policy Economic aspects. Aging United States. Retirement Economic aspects United States. Life expectancy Economic aspects United States. Life expectancy Government policy United States. Income distribution United States. Life expectancy. Income. Insurance. Life Expectancy Income Insurance Vieillissement Aspect économique États-Unis. Génération du baby-boom Retraite Aspect économique États-Unis. Prévision économique États-Unis. Personnes âgées États-Unis Conditions économiques. Vieillissement de la population Aspect économique Modèles mathématiques. Répartition par âge (Démographie) Aspect économique États-Unis. Personnes âgées Conditions économiques Prévision. Personnes âgées Politique gouvernementale Aspect économique. Vieillissement États-Unis. Espérance de vie Aspect économique États-Unis. Espérance de vie Politique gouvernementale États-Unis. Revenu Répartition États-Unis. Espérance de vie. Revenu. Assurance. insurance. SOCIAL SCIENCE Death & Dying. Life expectancy Age distribution (Demography) Economic aspects Aging Aging Economic aspects Economic forecasting Income distribution Life expectancy Economic aspects Older people Economic conditions Retirement Economic aspects United States Statistics Statistics. Statistiques. |
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