The Teutonic Knights strike east: the 14th century crusades in Lithuania and Rus'
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Contents Chapter One Chapter Two Chapter Three Chapter Four List of Plates vii Introduction ix Between Crusades The Teutonic Order The Early Years of the Crusade Lithuanian Naval Warfare 1 42 54 78 (by Darius Baronas) Chapter Five Chapter Six Poland and Lithuania, 1323-1343 Lithuania Expands South and East 88 111 (by Darius Baronas) Chapter Seven The Chivalric Crusade Chapter Eight The Era of International Prestige Chapter Nine Desperate Combats Chapter Ten Alliances with the Lithuanian Dukes Chapter Eleven The Conquest ofSamogitia Chapter Twelve Summary and Preview Bibliography Index 128 156 172 200 2ЗЗ 270 279 289
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Index Abbreviations used in index·. AB = archbishop of; В = bishop of; GM = grandmaster. Aachen 130,134,138,182 accountants 130,228, 241, 244 Acre 3, 5,31,36, 47 Adelheid of Hesse 104,148,154 advocates 7,35, 48-9, 54, 269 Albert, В Riga 79 Albert Suerbeer, AB Riga 114 Albrecht I, emperor-elect 12, 60 Albrecht of Austria 169, 204 Albrecht, emperor 12, 60 Albrecht, margrave 170 Aldona 89-90,184,198 Alexandra 221, 232-3 Alexandria 181, 276 Algirdas of Lithuania 68,117-33,147 i53-4 173 176-82,189-92,197-203, 228, 248 Alle River 21, 89,134,154 amber 1, 80,186 Andreas von Felben 116 Andreas of Naples 95,107,145 Andrew of Polotsk 199, 201-5, 234, 250, 252,268 Angevin dynasty 11,194-5, 211 Anne of Celje 154 Anne of Lithuania 210-11, 226, 248-9, 265-6 apostolic poverty 70-1 archbishops 18,33,44,72,93,107,143, 153, 226, 234 Archbishop of Riga 18-19,3L 33, 44, 46, 56, 69-70, 88-9, 93,114,183, 225, 245, 253-4 archeology 1, 66,138,151 archers 62, 65-6, 83,103,109,167,176, 217, 229, 240, 247,257 architecture 33,162-5, 267 armour 6,34, 50, 72, 74,109,130,145, 175, 230, 256 Arnold, Udo 264, 276 art 165-6, 275 Arthur, King 61,157-8,166 artisans 1, 4, 9, 21, 33, 60, 69, 96,185, 225 assassinations 24, 37, 95,104,181, 236, 246, 259, 270 assemblies xvi, 17, 34, 49, 52, 93,139, 211, 231 Astravas 249-50 aurochs 53, 55,183 Austria 12, 26,71,169-70,181, 204, 220, 229 Avignon xvii, 13,30-1, 45-6, 69-70,76, 89,94,100,105,120,145,148,150,163, 165,172,181,184, 224-5 Balga 251, 253, 255, 266 Balkans 68,111,150,156,170,195,197, 259 Baltic Sea x, xi, 1, 6, 20,30, 73, 78, 80, 111,115,187 bank robbery 183-4
banquets 52,161,168,173,193, 203 baptism 12, 93,116-17,120,128,137, 153-4,175 198, 208, 210, 213-15, 219, 221, 223-8, 233, 235 Barber, Richard 157-8 Barnim of Pomerania 140 Baronas, Darius ix, xiii, 54,109,174, 220,226 Basil of Moscow 127, 205, 245-6 bathing 38, 40, 50,151,162,164,193-4, 202, 221 Bavaria 71,102-6,109,112,120,153,179, 181 Bayernburg 81,103,109,140, 216 beer 51,129,140,186, 241, 244
290 The Teutonic Knights Strike East Belarus 15, 65,111-14, i2i 125 152 171, 190, 207, 272 Benedict XIII, Avignon pope 100,103 Benedictines 88,184 Biruté 129,174, 207 bishops 9-11,18-19,33, 35 46, 48, 63, 71-2,79, 88-9. 96,108,114,116,127, 144,151,159,161,165-6,177,180,183, 195-6,198, 213-14, 226-7, 238, 244, 248, 250, 261-62, 266, 270, 276 Bisené 61, 82 bison 53, 55 Black Sea 15, 67,126,147,152,177,185, 224, 263, 267 Blomkvist, Nils xi, 8, 273 Blue Waters 124,177 boats, ships 15, 20-1, 59-64, 68, 78, 82-6,102-3,130,139, 164,173-6,182, 187,189, 229,223-4, 239, 241-4. 251-5 Bohemia ix, 1, 9,11-12, 23-4, 30-1, 72-3, 76, 92-100,103-6,109,129-30,134, 142-3,165-70,180-1,184, 209, 222, 224, 229, 247, 249, 258, 275 Boleslaw-Jerzy of Masovia 16, 90,100-1, 120,143-6 Boleslaw of Plock 90,108,146 Bolingbroke 240-6, 250-1 Boiko of Silesia 181 Boniface VIII, pope 11-13,18,19, 24,32 Boniface IX, pope 264 books 62,130,158-9,161,166 booty 3,35. 38, 40, 54-7. 64-5, 75, 85, 97, 102,114-15,117,129,132, 253, 266 Boucicaut 161, 234, 240-1, 234, 246 Bourbon, Duke of 240 boyars 125, 204, 226, 240, 250 Brandenburg 22-9, 43, 72, 90-1, 94,120, 142,148,181,187-8,193-4,198, 211-12, 222, 237-8,144, 249, 261 Braunschweig 59,141-2 Brest-Litovsk 15,119,129,144,179, 204, 272 Briansk 117,122-4, 268 bribes 45-6,143, 212, 220, 249 bridges 19, 61, 83,106,127,175,177,183, 214, 217, 239, 246, 255-7 Bug River 15, 20,118,144,146,180,185, 219, 250 Bug (Southern) 154,177 Bulgaria 67,195, 259 bureaucracies xiv, 45, 47 burghers xii, 3, 9,11,35,37, 50, 52, 56, 67,110,118,153,156,161,171, 208, 231-2, 245, 278 Burgundy
103, 241, 254, 260, 264, 274 Byzantium 2,11,14,37, 67-8,112,113, 170,181, 259 Calatrava, Order 188 cannon 127,198, 221, 228-9, 235, 243, 247, 255, 257, 264, 268 Canterbury Tales 157,182 cardinals 12-13, 31—2, 44, 46,70,72,142, 224 Cardinal-protector 44 Casimir III of Poland 11,16,89-90, 94-108,122-3,1ЗЗ, 138-55.172,177, 181-5,188-9,193-6,198, 222, 265 Casimir of Masovia 90,108,143 Casimir of Stettin 154,181,184-5, !93 castles 3-4,15,19-22, 27-8,34, 43, 48-54, 59, 64, 84, 86, 95, 97, 99,106-7, 114-15,162-5,194, 200, 227, 229, 231, 243 castellans 6, 48, 65 Catholic-Orthodox relationship xvi, 14,15,37, 69,101,175, 221-2, 228, 236, 259-60 Catholic world system xiv, 273 cattle 2, 8,38,45, 51, 54, 57, 72,75, 85,111, 135,172,189, 241 celibacy 6,175,198, 248 Chancellor 48, 52, 232, 256 chapel 49,106,130,162-3,165-6,193, 227 Charles III of Naples 212 Charles IV of France 105,182 Charles IV, emperor 24,105-7,109, 142-3,147,150,153-4,166,169,180-1, 184,187-8,198, 204 Charles VI of France 182 Charles Robert, king of Hungary 12, 89, 91, 94-5, 99-102,107 chastity 40,248 Chaucer 157,169, 242, 276-7 Christianization xi, 1,3,7,10-11, 25,
Index 38-40, 55,79,149,155,197, 216-18, 225, 227-8,234-6,268 chivalry xiii, xvii, 12, 26, 42,104,107, 109-10,128-33,139~4O 146,156-81, 208, 227, 241, 264, 275, 277-8 Christburg 10, 48, 96 Christiansen, Eric 4,78, 275 Christiane Rokiczan 154 Christmemel 61, 65-6, 75, 81-5,103,159, 213 churches 9,17, 38, 42, 47, 56ff, 62ff, 71, 74, 76, 88-9, 92, 95ff, 106,166,194, 223, 226-7, 271 Cistercians 34,96,136,166,184,194, 261 clans 1, 7, 26,113,115,129, 204, 211-12 Clement V, pope 17,31-2, 44-6, 70, Clement VI, pope 106-7,109,132 Cleves 206, 239 climate 9,14,73-4,164-5, 264 coins 9, 24, 48, 66,129,166-7 Cologne 93,141,166,187 Colonna 13, 46 Commander 6-7,16,43, 47-9, 58,162, 245. 254, 277 convents 5,17,33, 41, 43, 47-53, 91,134, 139-40,150,159-66,188,191-4 conversion xii-xiii, xvi, 2,9-10, 22,38, 44, 56, 69,76-7, 88-9,110,120,128-9, 145,149 155 180,185, 203, 210, 216-20, 223-7, 245, 248, 253, 270-2, 277-8 Council of Constance xiii, xvii, 242 Council of the grandmaster 6, 43, 46-8, 191, 208, 254-5 councils, city 55, 94,168 Coucy 260 Cracow 9,16,24, 6o, 90, 96,100,106, 117,144-6,153,180-1,184, 212, 221, 229,254 Crécy 109-10, 229 cremation 9,39-40,137,182, 208, 235 Crimea 126,177, 204, 265 crossbows 6, 50, 65-6,75, 85, 229-30, 254 Crusades ix-xviii, 2-5,16-20,37, 45, 54-5,128-9,149-50,156-7,160,169, 172,181-2, 241, 260, 270, 273-6 Crusaders 4, 63, 97,140,142,169-70, 237-9. 241 291 Culm X, 3, 9, 25, 28-33, 7°. 72-3. 89-96, 98,106,133-4,160,167,180,186,192, 197, 215, 218, 231, 249 curia 13,19, 32,44-6,120,151, 225, 234 Cuno von Hattenstein 207 Curonian Lagoon 15, 20,173,191,254 Cyprus
36,170,180-1, 241 dancing 39,161, 260 Dante 13,60,71 Danube River 95, 99,169, 259 Danuté 196,210 Danzig 23-32, 43, 45, 47, 51,107,136,139, 183,186, 221, 241, 244-6, 250, 262 Daugava River (Düna, Dvina) 20, 79-80,94,113,118,121,154,179 Daukantas, Simonas 78 David of Grodno 64-5, 68,74,76, 91, 120-1 Davies, Norman ix, xviii, 25,168,194, 211 Denmark 2, 76,181,186-7, 238 Dietrich Damerow 261 Dietrich von Altenburg, GM 97-9,103, 105-6,158 Diet, imperial 17,143, 258 diplomacy 43-4, 90, 71, 99-100,120, 130,147,186,195,199, 202, 206, 209, 2451F, 262, 268, 273 discipline 36, 50, 74, 97,130,136,181, 254 Dlugosz, Jan 23-9,32, 58, 63, 89, 95, 98-9,103,108,137,145,147,152-3,168, 174,184. 223, 236, 243-4, 246-7, 254, 261-2, 268, 271 Dmitri of Briansk 268 Dmitri Donskoy 178, 201, 204-5, 220, 263 Dnieper River 80,112,126, 267-8 Dobrzyh 74, 90, 93-4,146-50,195, 222, 237. 249-52, 262-3, 271 documents xvii, 6,16,108,119,131,133, 153,162,174, 204, 210, 219, 223, 241, 224, 250, 266 Dominicans xv-xvi, 9-10,33,35,53, 60, 88,166 Don, battle on 205-6 Dorothea of Montau 159-60,182, 226, 245. 253
292 The Teutonic Knights Strike East Dorpat 74,114, 261-2 Douglas, William 246 dowry 104,187, 232, 252 Drang nach Osten x, 21 Drewenz River 252 drinking 38, 51-2, 56,193-4, 202-3, 236 drowning 10, 58,104,145,148, 207, 218, 271 duel 141, 236 Dünaburg 22, 94,102,179 Durbe 116 Dusemer, Heinrich, GM 58,131-9,144, 156 Edigei 268 education xiv, 33,70,159, 273, 275 Ekdahl, Sven 63,176 Eckhart, Walde, Count of 237-8 Elbing 17, 43, 47-8, 55,167,173,182,186 elections, Teutonic Knights 6,18, 27-8, 34,44, 60, 71,106,109,139,153-4, 208-9, 224, 242, 244-5 elections, imperial xiv, 12,31, 60, 71, 90, 92,109,130,134,143,188, 249, 258 Elisabeth of Hungary 89, 94-5,194-5, 212 engineers 176, 217, 228 England 2, 70,112,114,134,139,149,152, 156-7,160,170,175,179,181,186-8, 231, 244, 251 Ermland 9, 33, 56, 75, 89,108,133,142, 151,161,191-3,198, 213, 262, 266 estates 5, 7,31, 69, 96,152,180,188,194, 231, 237 Esther 148,169 Estonia 6, 74, 76,114-15,128-32,179,186 excommunication 13, 44-6, 88-9, 94, 105, ИЗ, 148, 238 falcons 53,140, 244 Falkenburg 238 famine 51, 89,179 farmers 1, 4-11, 23,33, 47, 63, 67,96,101, 111,153, 231 fasting 47, 51,160 feudalism 1,3,17, 26, 29,139,144,147, 196,198, 232 feuds xvii, 2, 5, 30, 79,116,128,141,177, 212, 245ff Flanders 170,186 forests x-xv, 6, 8,10,11,15, 21,37-9, 43, 55, 59, 61, 72, 75, 78, 82-6, 96-7,103, 111, 141, 145, 147, 169, 193, 201-2, 215, 227, 229-30, 239, 258, 274 friars xiii, xv, 3, 6, 9-10,33,35, 40, 42, 47, 56, 60, 69, 88,109,156,198, 225-7 France 2,12-16,31,34, 45,105,109,134, 139,141-2,149,152,156,160-1,167, 169-70,181-2,194, 228, 231, 264, 270
Francis of Moliano 32, 44 Franciscans xiii-xvi, 10,33,35,37, 56, 69-70, 76, 88,108-9,116,136,166, 225, 243 Franconia 1, 7,13, 239 free companies 141,150,173 Friedeburg 269 Friedrich von Wallenrode 245 Friedrich von Wildenberg 30, 56 Froissart 167,169, 237 funerals 23,39, 66,182 furs 9,14,127,152,168,186, 244 Galicia xviii, 14-16, 65, 68, 89-90, 100-2,105,107,115-23,133,143-50,152, 177,185,195,197-8, 219, 222 Galindia 173,197 gambling 50, 241 Gediminas 16, 64-9, 73, 76, 84-5, 88-104,109-10,119-28,149 Gediminid dynasty 119,122-5,128, 208, 243 Geldern 237-8, 252, 268 General Chapter 17-18,42,48-9, 92,131, 137,188, 208, 245, 253 Genoese 240 Georgenburg 81,103, 216, 242,258 Gerdauen 89,133-4 Gerhard von Mansfeld 58 German master 17,92,143,154,253, 271 Germany, see Holy Roman Empire Gilgenburg 96 Gimbutas, Marija xv Gniezno 226, 234 Gorski, Karol 203
Index Golden Horde 67,119-25,178, 201, 205, 263, 266 Goldingen 22,102,179 Goslar 183 Gotland 78,137,165,182,187, 262, 264, 277 Gotteswerder 81,189-90, 266 Governor 25-6, 28, 68,102,114,132-3, 195, 206, 213, 222-3, 233, 239, 247 grain 8-9, 23, 32, 51,135,186, 231, 244, 267 Grand Commander 30, 47-8, 60, 74, 107,134-5,09, 175 209, 235, 245, 265 Grand Duke of Lithuania 37-8, 55-66, 84-6,103,109,114,117-18,122,125-9, 240, 245, 250, 253, 263-6, 268, 273 Grand Duke of Moscow xviii, 66,110, 125-7, 204-5, 245 Grandmaster 3, 5,16-22, 27-8, 30, 33, 42-53, 69-73, 92,106,131-2,139,150-1, 155,161-7, 225, 228-32, 251, 271, 277-8 Great Poland 2, 22-7, 211, 212, 271 Great Schism xvii, 224-5, 271 Gregory XI, pope 198, 224 Grodno 15, 20-2, 56, 58-61, 64, 84, 86, 113,117-18,129, 219, 229, 234, 239, 247, 249, 252, 254, 265 Gudavicius, Edvardas 78 guests 36, 52-3, 73,130,140,162,164, 168,170,181,190,198, 234, 246-7, 257, 278 Gulden 212, 237, 252 Guillaume de Machaut 92,161,181 Habsburgs 12, 60, 71, 211-12, 219-20 half-brother 5-6,18,34, 42, 46, 48, 50-1, 59 162 Halperin, Charles 179 Halich xviii, 15,147 Hans von Riga 206, 253 Hanseatic League 9, 23, 28, 43, 47, 78, 186-8, 251, 262, 278 Hedwig of Sagan 154 heating 50,106,162,165 Heilingenbeil 193 Heinrich, В of Ermland 151,161 Heinrich von Plötzke 26-30, 47, 56-60, 72-3 293 HenningSchindekopf 172-3,182-3,185, 190-2 Henry of Derby, see Bolingbroke Henryk of Plock 196, 248, 250 heresy ix, xv-xvi, 4, 45, 70,145 heralds 161,182,190, 227, 246 Hermann von Wartberge 86 Hesse 104,143,173 historians ix, xii-xviii, 5,14, 28, 30, 36, 42, 59, 63, 66,
78,109-10,113-15,119, 123,153,161,168,174,179-81,193,199, 203, 205, 215, 260, 261, 270-3, 276 Holland 8,103, 252 Holstein 131,186 Holy Land 2-7,16-18, 31, 35-6, 47, 92, 132,140,156,170, 251 Holy Roman Empire xvi, 2-9,13,17-18, 26-7, 30-5, 42-5, 47, 49, 60, 62, 71-2, 91,140,150,165,169,177,188, 224, 251, 259, 262 Holy Roman Emperor 5,12,17, 31, 42, 60, 69, 90,120,129-30,169,181, 254, 271-2 Holy War 4-5,35-6, 50,140,156,160, 162, 259, 273 honour 4,13,38, 40, 52, 58, 61 71, 75, 92-3, 95 98,103-4,105,135,138-41, 146,156-8,167-9, 190, 214, 218, 234, 238, 246-7, 253, 257, 260, 274, 276 horses 7, 28, 34, 38, 50-3, 58, 95, and passim hospitals 17, 47-8, 50,164 Hospitaller Order 18, 45,188 hostages 26,123, 205, 210, 238-9, 248, 262, 269 Howard, Michael xiii Huizinga, Johan 157,161, 274-5 Hundred Years War 109,134-5,140-1, 149,152-3,155-6,161,167,169,171-2, 182,188,199, 240, 246, 259 Hungary 9-14, 24, 31, 60, 68, 94,107, 119-20,123,145,150,178,194-6, 209-13, 220, 222, 259, 262 hunting xi, 35,38, 50-3, 59,104,109,134, 148,152, i57ff, 168,170,193,199, 203, 208, 244, 249, 262 Hussites 227, 264
294 The Teutonic Knights Strike East ice X, 14,19-20, 56, 61-2, 82,103,112,115, 130,136,156,189-92 immigrants xii, 1-2,7-11, 24, 28,33, 48, 155,168,186, 230 indulgences 3-4,36 Innocent VI, pope 145,150-1,154 Insterburg 82,130,133-5,180,183, 210, 241 interdict 12,32, 89, 92-3,105,107-8 Islam XV, 67 Italy 10,13,30-1,33, 45, 60, 98,141,143, 150,159,165,170,175,184,188, 224, 229, 271 Ivan I Kalita of Moscow 105,124 Ivan Olshansky 239, 245, 257 Jadwiga of Poland 211, 226-8, 250, 262-7 Jagiello (Jogaila) 117,126-7,199, 203, 233-71 Janibeg, khan 122,124 Janusz of Masovia 196,198, 200, 210, 213, 253 Jasienica, Pawel 203 Jerusalem xvii, 5,35-6, 47, i3off, 140, 160,182,184,186 Jews ix, xi, xv, 9,12, 55,137-8,144-5 148,153 Jobst of Moravia 249, 261 Jogaila 117,126,199, and passim; see also Jagiello John II of France 141,152 John XXII, pope 46, 69-72, 74, 76, 88-9, 93-4,120 John of Bohemia 30-1, 72-4, 92-100, 103-5,109 John of Gaunt 240, 244 John of Plano-Carpini 116 Johann of Görlitz 249, 261 Johann von Wallenrode 245, 253-4 Johann von Posilge 20 Johann von Traun 170 Johannes III, AB Riga 18-19 Johannisburg 132, 250 Jones, Terry 276-7 jousting 166,181, 257, 271 Kalisz 24,108 Kaributas 206-7, 219, 239, 247, 252, 256-7 Karijotas 122-3,153 177 Karl of Trier 18, 27ff, 60-1, 66-72,74, 83,163 Kaunas 61, 81-6,175-7,189, 214, 218, 228, 239, 241-7, 254-5, 258 Kazko, see Casimir of Stettin Kernavé 135, 242, 244, 255 kidnapping 2,13, 22-3,32, 54, 88,97, 141,174,220, 237-8 knighthood xvii, 4,169, 267 Knights ix-xiii, xv, xvii, 4-7,34,37,49, 58, 96-7,102-3, no, 131,139-42 155-6, 158-60,167-70,198,
208, 218, 230-1, 237-8, 245, 257, 259-60, 270-1,274, 277 Knoll, Paul 28, 91, 99,101-2,108,193 Königsberg 1, 47, 54, 61, 92,96, 99, 103-4,130,133,136,140,165,186,191, 240-1, 244, 250 Koncius, Josef 203 Konrad Zöllner, GM 209-10, 213-18, 229, 233-48 Konrad von Wallenrode, GM 209, 213, 234-5 244-6, 248, 253 Konrad von Jungingen, GM 253, 267, 273 Kremlin 125,178, 205-6 Krystyna Rokiczana 154, 276 Kujavia x, 2,16, 22, 25, 29, 88ff, 97,184, 195, 211, 222, 247 Kurland 19, 55, 61, 74, 94,137,154 Kulikovo 204-5 Kyiv xviii, 14-15, 68, 80,112-17,120-5, 135,178, 236, 239, 262, 267 Ladislas I of Poland 11,16, 22-31,44, 60, 65,71, 88-101,106,114 Ladislas II, see Jagiello Ladislas of Opole 181,195-7, 212, 221-3, 231, 247, 252 Ladislas the White 138,165 Lady Honor 169 Lady Mary 4, 57, 76,140,160-1 Lake district 20-1, 56, 59,133,173,197, 219, 239, 248ff Landmaster 6,116
Index languages xiv-xvii, 1, 7-8,12,38, 49, 107,111,114, 200, 220, 265 Latin xvii, 36, 53, 71,106,158-9, 212, 261 lawyers 32, 44, 46, 65 legates 4,32-3, 44, 46, 62, 70,72, 76, 88-9, 94,105,120,149, 225, 253 letters 35, 68, 76,120,149,158, 217, 232, 235, 238, 263 literature 12,158-9 Lithuania ix-xvi, 1-2, 6ff, 20-1,37ff, 55ff, and passim Little Poland 2,101, 212, 222 Liubartas 16,119,123,144-7, 201, 219 Livonia x, xii, 2-6, 33, 36, 79, ii4ff, 129-32,151fr, 174, i77ff, 186-7, 206, 245, 253, 262, 256, 270 Livonian Order 5, 14fr, 33fr, 44, 54ff, 69ff, 89, 94,102-4, H4ff 121,128ff, 167,170,179-80,197,199ff, 207-8, 225, 234ff, 241, 246, 253, 257, 261ff Lizard League 231 Louis IV, emperor xvi, 71-2, 74, 90, 92, 94,107,109,120,131,134,150,181 Louis of Brandenburg 90, 94,102,181, ОЗ Louis, king of Hungary and Poland 95, 104,107,129fr, 145-6,150,181,184-5, 189,193-8, 204, 209-12, 216, 222, 252, 265 Louis of Wittelsbach 18,148 Low German 8,18,107,192 Lübeck 76,131,186-8 Lublin 68,102,146, 236 Ludolf König, GM 107-8,129,131,139 Lutsk, Luck 16,144 Luxemburg dynasty 30-1, 60,120,130, 149, 249 Lviv xviii, 15ff, 101,123,144-5,179 Lyck 239-40 Maccabees 140,159 Machaut, Guillaume de 92,161 magic XV, 35,39, 41,175, 226 Mamay, khan 204-5 Mannhardt, Wilhelm 38 Manvydas 135-6 Margarete of Bohemia 104,106 295 Margarete of Pomerania 196 Marienburg 16, 27-8, 43, 46ff, 56, 92, 95-6,106-7, Hi-134.140.159 163ff, 173· 182fr, 228, 242, 249-54, Marienburg am Memel 81-2, 215 Margiris 102-3 Marquard of Salzbach 214, 218, 238, 247, 256, 264-9 marriage 12, 22, 38-9, 43, 68, gaff, 104,
107,110,119-22,124,129,147-8,153-4, 181,184,188,195,198, 201, 220-1, 245, 248, 258 Marshal 47-8,161,165,198 Mary of Hungary 210-14 Masurian Lakes, see Lake District Masovia 2-3, 9,16, 20-7, 56, 65, 68,74, 89-94, 97,100-1,106,108,117,120, 141-8,169-70,173,185,193fr, 200, 206, 210-13, 219-223, 232-7, 247-53, 266, 271 Master of the robes 8, 48, 53,107, 209, 265 Mazeika, Rasa xii mead 51,129,194 meals 36, 43, 51-2 Melno, Treaty of 80 Memel 20, 76 83, 234 Memel River, see Nemunas River mercenaries xii-xiii, 3ff, 22, 34, 76, 91, 97,109,114,118,121,132,138,152,156, 167,171-3,185,187, 200, 229-30, 248-9, 275 277 merchants xi, 1, 4, 9,13,15-16, 20-3, 50, 60, 64,75,78,101,109,129,132-3, 147-8,152,154,170,179,185fr, 206, 225fr, 235, 243, 245, 251, 278 Michelau 63,147 Middle High German 91,158, 252 militia 9, 21-2, 34, 49-50, 54fr, 63fr, 72-3, 81,103,115,134,179,187,191, 214, 218, 230, 243, 275 military orders xii, 3ff, 12,17,31-2, 42fr, 105,148fr, 181, 271, 274 Militzer, Klaus 16 Mindaugas of Lithuania 106-8,152 ministeriales 7 Minsk 114,119,121,128 mints 24,166-7
296 The Teutonic Knights Strike East missionaries x-xi, 2-3,37, 39,79, 88-9, 113,116,128-9, i9i-3 214. 225, 234-5, 265, 276 mistresses 43,138,145,148, 237 Moldavia 15,154, 222, 264, 275 modernity xiv, 13,77, 272-3 monks 29,38, 74, 96,119,156,184, 262 money xii, 2, 8,14,19, 30, 32, 46, 52-3, 60, 69ff, 89,100,107,131,14iff, I54ff, 167ff, 188,198, 227, 234, 237, 249, 271, 278 Mongols/Tatars ix-x, xii, 14-15, 67,115 Moravia 9,31,195 Moscow xviii, 15, 66, 68,110,114, i2iff, 178-9,192, 201, 204-6, 216, 220-1, 245, 263-4 Muslims XV, xvii, 18, 45, 69,156, 261, 263 Mucke 75 Murray, Alan 36 music 52, 92,132,161-2 myths 110,124,174, 215, 270 Naples 11-12,31, 94,107,130,145,169, 194, 210, 212 Narbutt, Theodore xiii Narew River 15, 20, 86,173, 210, 219, 229. 235 Narimantas 121,135-6, 243, 250 Nassuten 83 nationalism xi-xii, 272 Natangia 54, 56 naval power 20, 75ff, 177,187 Nazarenko, Alexander 112 Nemunas River x, 1, 7,15, 20-1, 54, 59ff, 72-3,79ft 102-3, ИЗ. 118,125,133,135, 137.153.165, 172$ 189fr, 204, 2i3ff 229, 235, 247-8, 252ff, 266-7, 276 Neris River (Vilija) 20-1, 81, 83,125, 175fr, 218, 225, 242, 255 Neumark 22,142, 238, 248-9, 261 Nevézis River 189, 266 Nicolle, David 260 Nicholaus of Jeroschin 6,13, 27,74, 91-2,158-9 Nicopolis 161, 259-60, 284 nobles xi-xiv, 3-5,11-14,18, 23-4, 29, 37,40, 44, 52, 61, 67-8,71,90-2, 97, 99,101-2,106-11,125,135,140,144-6, 153.156,161,167-70,183, 210-12,2i8ff, 240, 242, 248-51, 255, 258-61,265-7, 271. 274 Norkus, Zenonas 123 Novgorod 14,18,77-8,112-15,121-2, 124,127,132-3,179, 263, 266,268 Novgorod-Severskii 124,132 Novgorodok 113,117-18,153, 262
nuns 48-9, 254 Nuremberg 17,142,153,170 oaths 102,105,108,139,146,150, 238, 268 Oder River 80, 83,104 Old Prussians 2, 6, 21,39,112 Olesnicki, Jan and Zbigniew 155, 244 Orselnian Statutes 92 Orthodoxy 90,101,117,128,136, 200, 230, 236 Otto of Brandenburg 181 Ottokar II of Bohemia 1, 92 paganism ix-xv, iff, 9-10,37-42,44, 54-5 75-6,117,146,174-8,199-200, 216, 223, 238, 258, 270 painting 47, 62,165-8, 241 Paravicini, Werner 34, 63, 81,170, 264 parishes 33, 62, 226 Paris 55,140,180 Paszkiewicz, Henryk 78 patriotism xiv, 26, 29,31,90,140,143, 150,174, 215, 272, 274 patronage 96,161,166 Peace of Kalisz 108,128,185, 270 peasants xii, 7, 9,13,15,30,33,38, 40, 51,96 131,138-9,152-3,178-9,195-7, 218,223 Perkünas 39 Peter, king of Cyprus 180-2 Peter von Dusburg x, 16,36,79, 80, 82, 158-9 Peter von Suchenwirt 35,169-70 Peter’s Pence 30,32, 70, 89, 93,145 Philip IV 12-13, 3i 45 Philippe de Mézières 160,181-2 Piast dynasty 2, 5,11, 26,74, 89,99,100, 108,119,147,184,195, 210-11, 251,267 pilgrims xvii, 3,103,133,137-8,157,167, i82ff, 226, 251
Index pirates 240, 261-2, 264 plague ix, 8,137-8,142,179, 201, 213, 231, 261, 264 Plock 63, 74, 89-94,108,146-7,159,194, 196, 248 Plowce 94, 98 poets, poetry 35, 57, 78, 92, 96,157-61, 169-70,181, 274 poison 60,101,137,143, 247, 261-2 Poitiers 152,170 Poland ix-xiv, 1-9,11,14-15, 20-8,31-2, 6off, 88ff, 100-8,1171F, 122-3,126,129, 133,138-154, and passim polygamy 9-10, 40 Polotsk 68,113-14,117-18,133,135,179, 199, 201 Pomerania 2, 4, 24-5 43, 65,108,140-2, 159,181,188,193,196, 237-8, 259 Pomerellia xff, iff, 22-32, 89,106,142, 148,150,193; and see West Prussia popes ix, xv-xvi, 2-6,11-13,17-19, 24, 28, 30-7, 43-6, 55, 65, 68-72, 88-92, 96-7,100,102,105-10,115,117,119-20, 132,134,142-6,148, i5ofï, 172,175,181, 184-5,198, 204, 215, 214, 224-8, 238, 277 poverty xii, 6, 42, 70,130,157,166,168 Prague 24,31,100,104-5, i°7 153-4, 180, 227, 261 preaching the crusade x, xv-xvi, 2,10, 33, 35, 54-5, 70, 77, 89 Pregel River 1, 21 pride x, 13, 27,50,55, 67,76,104,167, 189-90, 201-3, 212-13, 271, 274 priests XV, 2, 5, 9-10,18, 39-40, 49, 61, 74,91,93,131,175, 223, 225-7, 245, 254, 270 priest-brothers 33-6, 42, 48fF, 158FF, 271 Primary Chronicle 112 Pripet marshes 14-16, 80,118,121,143 prisoners 1, 7, 37-8, 56ff, and passim Procurator-general 32,44, 46, 52, 69-72,150, 224-5, 253 propaganda 12, 97,140,160,167,174, 207, 272 Prussia ix-xiv, 1-11,42,48,50,53,137-8, 147,182,186-8, 227,231-2, 244, 246, 278 Prussian master 5, 21, 26, 28- 30, 43, 47 297 Prussians, native xiv, 1-3, 8,10, 21, 23, 25,38-9,49, 56, 74-6,103,112,137-8, 151,182,189,192-3, 241-3, 250, 257, 266-7 Przemysl II, king of
Poland 23-6 Pskov 18, 64, 68, 74-7,114-15,121-2, 127-8,133,179, 250, 266 Quartermaster 22, 48 Ragnit 20, 22, 30, 54, 61-2, 65, 74-5, 81-5, 131ff, 145,152,175,180,183,190-1, 216-18, 228, 251-5, 265, 269 Rabe, Engelhard 218, 271 Racigz 271 raids x-xi, 2-3, 5,7,10-11, and passim Rajgrôd 185 ransom 38, 59,103,141-2,152,155,172, 187,190, 228, 244, 253, 260 Raseiniai 109, 262 Rastenburg 57, 89,132-3 Raymund de Fargis 46 recruiters 5,17, 34-6, 49, 54,76, 96,129, 140,171, 240, 259, 264, 270 Reise 35, 63, 264 renaissance xiii, 160 revenge 2-3, 7, 59, 71,76, 91, 93, 95,142, 181,193, 206, 236, 238, 250, 268, 270, 274 Rhineland 34,73,76,103 Richard II 257 Riga i/ff, 22, 31,33, 45-6, 56, 61, 69-72, 73, 76,79 88-9, 94,114-19,122,183, 206, 225, 253-4, 246, 261-2 Riley-Smith, Jonathan 36, no Ringailè 248 Ritterswerder 247-9, 254-5 Robert the Bruce 157 Robin von Eltz 169 Roman Catholic Church xv, 3,15,19, 38, 76, 97,101,104,121,128-9,133,175, 209, 221-2, 225, 228, 236, 250, 259, 261, 266, 270,273 Romexvi, 1, 29-32, 44-6,132,160,183, 224-5, 253-4 routes xii, 15,19-20, 30, 61, 65,72-3, 112-13,118,140,147,173,185,188, 218, 229, 234-8, 255
298 The Teutonic Knights Strike East roads 14-15,19,78,98,112,130,152,157, 173,175. 237, 255-7 Rowell, Stephen C. 11, 39, 64, 90,128, 154, 220 Rudau 189-92 Rurikid dynasty xviii, 15,112-13,117,119, 133,144, 200 Rus’ xi, xiv, 1, 6,14, 20ft 37, 44,65ff, 76, 101-2,109-15,121-33,136-8,148-9, 154,177-9.189,191,197, 200-5, 216, 220,222, 234, 236,242-5, 252, 256-7, 261-8, 267, 272, 274-5 Rusina, Olena 124 Ruthenia xvii, 14, 56, 68, 78, 86,101, 113-20,125-7,148, 221, 239 Saaremaa (Oesel) 115,130 saints xii-xiv, 14, 35,40, 51-2, 94, 96, 128,136-8,158-60,175, 221, 237 St Anne 106,163, 226, 242 St Anne’s chapel 106,163, 277 St Barbara 160, 226 St Dorothea 159-60,182, 226, 245, 253 St Francis 70 St George 36,47,76,140,157,169-70, 218, 247, 250 St Mary 36, 47,165 Sallinwerder Treaty 266, 268, 278 salvation 40, 274, 276 Sambia (Samland) 1, 9,33, 54, 56, 73-4, 92, ЮЗ, 131, 134, 137, 18θ, 191, 214, 227, 256 Samogitia x, xii, xvii, 7-22, and passim Samogitians xii, 7,37ff, 54, 63ff, 73ff, 92ff, 116-17,197ft 179, 208ft 223, 226, 233ft 240, 252, 256ft 276ft Samogitian Crusade ix, 19, 251, 271ft 275 Sandomir 112,147,180,193,198 Santiago de Compostella 167,182 Saracens 59, 63, 240, 275 Sarai 67,177,263 Saule 115 Saxony 91 scandal 94, 97,148, 220, 237, 244, 271 saunas 38,194,221 Scandinavia xi, 13-14, 23, 37, 80,112,114, 141,158,188, 220, 270 Schindekopf, Henning 145,172-3,122, 183,185,190-2 schismatics xvi, 54, 272 Schoeneck 188 Schwarzenburg 6, 27, 234 Scots, Scotland 167,169-70, 246, 259, 274 scouts 34, 59, 62, 64, 75, 82, 91,114,130, 133,180,183,191, 230, 234, 242, 255, 256 Serbia 67,195,
259 serfs xi, 7,56, 68,103,138 shaman xi, xv, 1, 2, 38-9, 67,71,136,175, 180,191 Sicilian Vespers 8, 62 Siegfried von Dahenfeld 134 Siegfried von Feuchtwangen 16-17, 27. 43.60 Siemovit II of Masovia 90,108 Siemovit III 90,108,143,181,194-6,198, 211, 248 Siemovit IV196, 200, 210-13, 201-3, 211-13, 220-3, 230-5 Sienkiewicz, Henryk 174 Sieradzan, Wieslaw 62 Sigismund, king of Hungary 181, 209-12, 222, 248-9, 259-64 Silesia 2,16, 22-31, 63, 73, 90-2,96, 99-100,103,142,147,152-3,188,193, 195, 213, 222, 247 Silk Road 117 Simeon of Moscow 201 Skirgaila 203-9, 213-19, 224, 233-9, 242-50, 261-2 slaves xi, i, 10, 37ft 68,90,111,119,129, 168 Smolensk 114,116,119,121-4,126-7,133, 155, 210 Soldin, Treaty 24 Sophia, dau. of Vytautas 215 Spain 2, 36,161,167-70, 259,276 Spiritual Franciscans 70 squires 4,36,140,157,169-70, 267 steppe xiv, 15, 67ft 101,117,123,126,154, 178-9, 204-6, 263, 266,268 Stettin 140,154,184,193 Stolp 141-2, 237-8, 252, 258-9 Stréva 122,134ft, 144 Sudimantas 255
Index superstition 9,12, 39, 41,143,175, 202, 224 supreme duke 66ff, 76, 88,128-9,133 i/8 199 201, 206, 208, 215, 217, 223, 233, 248, 250 Surville brothers 180, 206, 268 Suzdal 178 Svitrigaila 252, 262, 271 Sweden 13-14,112,116,121,130,170,187 swamps x, 6-8, 20-3, 41-2, 55, 58, 61, 78, 82, 92, 96,145,169,173,175,180,188, 255-6 Table of Honour (Table Round) 61,157, 169, 246, 250, 264, 269 Tannenberg xii, 80, 86,127,159, 226, 267, 270-2, 278 Tatars ix, xiii, xv, 14,16,37, 67-9,100-1, 105,108,110,116-27,132-3,138,143-8, 151,154,177-9,189,195, 201, 204-7, 211, 220, 222, 241, 263-8, 274-5 Tatar Yoke 67,110,121,124 Tautvilas 116-17, 210, 243 taxes 4,7-9, 23, 36,40, 48-51, 63, 68-70, 74, 79 89. 93, 97.107, И5. H3,138-9, 149,153,168,174,178,185-6, 231, 265, 271, 278 Templars 16,31-2, 45 Teutonic Order ix, x, xii, 2-9,18-19, 31, 34ff, 42-53, 69-70, 8off, 105,115,125ff, 144,158-62, i66ff, 225, 270-8 Thorn 58,105,148,167,186, 234, 253, 271 Timur 178, 205, 263,268 tithes 32-3, 40,133 Tilsit 22, 54,172 toilets 50-1,106,162-5 Tokhtamysh, khan 126, 205, 263, 268 toleration 2,39, 77,175,178, 236 torture 38, 45, 59- 62,91,128,196 tournaments 166, 241 towns xiii, 8-10,15, 25,56, 67,70,74,96, 106-7, ИЗ, 12.7,133,140,144,151,167, 186, 223, 227 trade xii, 1,11,14-16,19, 24, 43,48, 67, 69,78, 80,100-1,112-13,118,121-2, 129,133,147-8,168,185,186-7, 220,231, 243-5, 266, 276 299 Trakai 20,103,122,125,128-9,174,190, 198, 200, 204, 207, 214, 219, 246, 258 translators 33,35-6, 66, 91,158-9,180, 205, 225, 261 treaties 27, 29, 65, 80, 90, 94,106,108, 115,119,125,146,148,152,185,188,190, 204-5, 208, 210,
213-14, 235, 238-40, 252, 265-6, 268, 272 Treniota 117-18 Trevisa, John 78 tribute 2-3,15, 40, 67,112-13,124-5, 263 Trier 18, 93 Trojden of Masovia 90,106 troubadours 92,161 truces 3-4, 52,76, 89, 93-4,134,141, 147-9,153-4,199, 204, 234-5, 239, 242-3, 246, 257-8, 262-5, 268, 271 Tuchman, Barbara 260 Tunis 259, 276 Turks ix, xiv-xv, 67, 92,126,154,156,161, 169,172,178,189,195,197, 211-12, 249, 259-62 Turnbull, Stephen 106,240 Tver’ 110,114,121,124-5,128,131,133, 178, 201 Ukraine 111,113-14,121,124-6,132,177, 263, 268, 272 Uliana of Tver’ 128, 201 Ulrich von Jungingen, GM 166, 254, 277 universities 24, 41, 55,160,181, 273 Urban V, pope 109,172, 224 Urban VI, pope 224, 226 Urban, William 114, 276 Uzbeg, khan 67-8,101,106 Vaidotas 175-6 Vaidutis 180 Vaisvilkas (Vojselk) 117 vassals 3, 5, 22, 25, 27, 60, 62, 92, 93, 99, 131,133,139,144,150,174,179,184,193, 195, 208, 209, 213-15, 230, 232, 246, 258, 262, 265, 275 Venice 16-18, 27,130, 251 Viazma 127 victimization xi, xiii, 273 Vikings 14,37, 78, 80,112,114 Veliuona 61, 66, 82-4, see also Welun
Зоо The Teutonic Knights Strike East Vilija River, see Neris River Vilnius 20-1, 56, 69, 72, 75, 88,109, 120-5,128,179-80,194, 203, 206-8, 214, 218-19, 225-7, 235, 239-47, 251, 254-8, 274 Virgin Mary 10, 42,106,136,157, 218 Visby 127-8 Visegrad 95, 99,100,105 visitations 16,139 Vistula River x, 5, 9,15, 20, 23, 25, 27, 43, 74, 79, 80, 83, 90,101,118,148,152,196, 228, 235, 253, 262 Vitalien Brethren 261 Vitebsk 68,117-22,128,135 Vladimir, city 5,144-5 Vladimir, duke of Polotsk 114 Vladimir the Great of Kyiv 43 Vladimir, son of Algirdas 124 Volga River 68, 80,121,123 Volhynia xviii, 14-16, 65, 68, 90, 72, 93, 100-2,105,115-23,133, ИЗ-48,177,185, i92ff, 201, 216, 219, 222, 231, 253 Vorskla River 126, 267-8, 271 Vygantas 244, 247, 252 Vytautas 126-7, 199ff, 228, 232-77 Vytenis of Lithuania 38, 55-9, 62-6, 84-6,118-19 Waldemar IV of Denmark 131-2,181, 186-8 Waldemar of Brandenburg 26, 29 Wallachia 101,154,195,197, 210,264 wagon fort 128, 261, 268 warhorses 34,35,130,182, 230, 241 Warsaw 15, 90,105,196 Wartenburg 151 weddings 104,138,154, 206, 224 Wegeberichte 61, 80,175, 219 Wehlau 134,136 Welun 61,137,153,173,182, see also Veliuona Wenceslas II of Bohemia 11, 24 Wenceslas III 11, 24, 26, 31 Wenceslas IV, emperor 204, 209, 224, 238, 249, 258-62, 272 Wenceslas of Masovia 74, 90, 93-4 Werner von Orseln, GM 30, 74,76, 83, 91-5 Werner von Tettingen 251-2 West Prussia x, 30-1,70-2, 89-93, 99-100,108,133-4,142,150-1,181,188, 191, 261 White Russia 146,152; see also Belarus Wigand von Marburg 80,137,173,176, 182,190, 208, 227, 261 wilderness 4,10, 20-1,34, 49,52, 54-6, 61, 63-5, 74, 82,
89-90, 93,129,152,162, 191-2,197,199, 210, 218, 242, 248, 267 Wilhelm von Geldern 237-8, 252 Wilhelm von Habsburg 219-20 Wilhelm von Holland 130, 234 William of Modena 33 wine 51, 99,129, 241, 262 Winrich von Kniprode, GM 134-53, 156,161,164-8,172-3,176-92,197-200, 204-8, 213, 228 winter x-xii, 4,19-20,35, 37, 53, 60-4, 73, 76, 78, 81-2, 94,103-6,112,115-18, 129-30,141-2,152,161,168,173,184, 189-91, 234, 238, 241, 244, 258, 264, 268-9 Witingen 7,10-11,34,38,41, 50, 56, 59, 69, 75, 81,129,138,144,174,176,180, 183,197-8, 202, 202, 208, 214, 223, 238, 230, 240 Wizna 108,147,185, 212, 229, 235, 252 Wloclawek 100, 262 women 10-12, 28, 40, 56-8, 62ff, 93,104, 147-8,157,160-8,175,194-5, 212, 226, 229, 274 Wroclaw (Breslau) 103,130,154, 272 Zabinski, Grzegorz 228 Zac 95 Zharkikh, Mykola 268 Zemaitija x, xviii, 81; see also Samogitia Zlotoryja 152 Zygimantas Kçstutaitis 248, 262, 266, 268 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Urban, William L. 1939- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1089651147 (DE-588)142485411 |
| author_facet | Urban, William L. 1939- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Urban, William L. 1939- |
| author_variant | w l u wl wlu |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV049890652 |
| ctrlnum | (DE-599)BVBBV049890652 |
| era | Geschichte 1300-1400 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1300-1400 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Baltikum (DE-588)4004379-4 gnd Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd Preußen Ordensstaat (DE-588)4076337-7 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Baltikum Polen Preußen Ordensstaat |
| id | DE-604.BV049890652 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-09T17:02:26Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781805000549 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-035229816 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | xix, 300 Seiten, 16 ungezählte Seiten Tafeln Illustrationen, Karten (teilweise farbig) 24 cm |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20241129 DHB_BSB_FID |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateSearch | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | Greenhill Books |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Urban, William L. 1939- Verfasser (DE-588)1089651147 aut The Teutonic Knights strike east the 14th century crusades in Lithuania and Rus' William Urban & Darius Baronas 14th century crusades in Lithuania and Rus' Fourteenth century crusades in Lithuania and Prussia Barnsley, South Yorkshire Greenhill Books 2024 xix, 300 Seiten, 16 ungezählte Seiten Tafeln Illustrationen, Karten (teilweise farbig) 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Deutscher Orden (DE-588)1017688-3 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1300-1400 gnd rswk-swf Kreuzzüge (DE-588)4073802-4 gnd rswk-swf Baltikum (DE-588)4004379-4 gnd rswk-swf Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd rswk-swf Preußen Ordensstaat (DE-588)4076337-7 gnd rswk-swf Teutonic Knights / History Teutonic Knights / Germany / Prussia / History Teutonic Knights / Lithuania / History Prussia (Germany) / History, Military / Religious aspects Prussia (Germany) / Colonization Prussia (Germany) / Church history Lithuania / History, Military / Religious aspects Lithuania / Colonization Lithuania / Church history Christianity / Lithuania / History / To 1500 Chevaliers teutoniques / Histoire Deutscher Orden (DE-588)1017688-3 b Preußen Ordensstaat (DE-588)4076337-7 g Kreuzzüge (DE-588)4073802-4 s Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 g Baltikum (DE-588)4004379-4 g Geschichte 1300-1400 z DE-604 Baronas, Darius 1973- Sonstige (DE-588)142485411 oth Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 9781805000563 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 9781805000556 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035229816&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035229816&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035229816&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Urban, William L. 1939- The Teutonic Knights strike east the 14th century crusades in Lithuania and Rus' Deutscher Orden (DE-588)1017688-3 gnd Kreuzzüge (DE-588)4073802-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)1017688-3 (DE-588)4073802-4 (DE-588)4004379-4 (DE-588)4046496-9 (DE-588)4076337-7 |
| title | The Teutonic Knights strike east the 14th century crusades in Lithuania and Rus' |
| title_alt | 14th century crusades in Lithuania and Rus' Fourteenth century crusades in Lithuania and Prussia |
| title_auth | The Teutonic Knights strike east the 14th century crusades in Lithuania and Rus' |
| title_exact_search | The Teutonic Knights strike east the 14th century crusades in Lithuania and Rus' |
| title_full | The Teutonic Knights strike east the 14th century crusades in Lithuania and Rus' William Urban & Darius Baronas |
| title_fullStr | The Teutonic Knights strike east the 14th century crusades in Lithuania and Rus' William Urban & Darius Baronas |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Teutonic Knights strike east the 14th century crusades in Lithuania and Rus' William Urban & Darius Baronas |
| title_short | The Teutonic Knights strike east |
| title_sort | the teutonic knights strike east the 14th century crusades in lithuania and rus |
| title_sub | the 14th century crusades in Lithuania and Rus' |
| topic | Deutscher Orden (DE-588)1017688-3 gnd Kreuzzüge (DE-588)4073802-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Deutscher Orden Kreuzzüge Baltikum Polen Preußen Ordensstaat |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035229816&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035229816&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035229816&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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