The Ariadne objective: Patrick Leigh Fermor and the underground war to rescue Crete from the Nazis
"The Ariadne Objective is the extraordinary story of the Nazi occupation of Crete told from the perspective of an eccentric band of British gentleman spies. These amateur soldiers (writers, scholars, archaeologists) included Patrick Leigh Fermor, a future travel-writing luminary; John Pendlebur...
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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Philadelphia
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2024
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| Ausgabe: | First Paul Dry Books edition |
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | "The Ariadne Objective is the extraordinary story of the Nazi occupation of Crete told from the perspective of an eccentric band of British gentleman spies. These amateur soldiers (writers, scholars, archaeologists) included Patrick Leigh Fermor, a future travel-writing luminary; John Pendlebury, a pioneering archaeologist whose walking stick concealed a sword; Xan Fielding, who would later translate books like Bridge over the River Kwai and Planet of the Apes into English; Sandy Rendel, a future Times of London reporter; and W. Stanley Moss, who would write up his account of their exploits in Ill Met By Moonlight (Paul Dry Books, Inc.). Alongside Cretan partisans, these British intelligence officers carried out a daring plan to sabotage Nazi maneuvers, culminating in a high-risk plot to abduct the island's German commander. Wes Davis presents the scintillating story of these legends in the making and their adventures in one of the war's most exotic locales. Includes 17 black and white photographs." |
| Beschreibung: | xxiv, 353 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9781589881884 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a "The Ariadne Objective is the extraordinary story of the Nazi occupation of Crete told from the perspective of an eccentric band of British gentleman spies. These amateur soldiers (writers, scholars, archaeologists) included Patrick Leigh Fermor, a future travel-writing luminary; John Pendlebury, a pioneering archaeologist whose walking stick concealed a sword; Xan Fielding, who would later translate books like Bridge over the River Kwai and Planet of the Apes into English; Sandy Rendel, a future Times of London reporter; and W. Stanley Moss, who would write up his account of their exploits in Ill Met By Moonlight (Paul Dry Books, Inc.). Alongside Cretan partisans, these British intelligence officers carried out a daring plan to sabotage Nazi maneuvers, culminating in a high-risk plot to abduct the island's German commander. Wes Davis presents the scintillating story of these legends in the making and their adventures in one of the war's most exotic locales. Includes 17 black and white photographs." | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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Contents Map X Foreword xiii A Note on Names xvii Prologue: Whimsical xix PART ONE: DEPOSITED ON THE LIMESTONE 1 Shanks’s Mare 3 2 Sword Stick 3 Oak Apple Day 4 The Fishpond 5 Spaghetti and Ravioli 36 74 99 111 PART TWO: IN THE MINOTAUR'S LAIR 155 6 Fleshpots 7 Tara 8 Moonstruck 205 9 The Intersection 10 Bricklayer 269 177 236 Epilogue: Ritterlich! 299 Acknowledgments 313 309
Credits 335 List of Illustrations 337 Selected Bibliography Index 343 339
Selected Bibliography Published Sources Amery, Julian. Approach March. London: Hutchinson, 1983. Beevor, Antony. Crete: The Battle and the Resistance. London: John Mur ray, 1991. Benario, Janice Μ. “Horace, Humanitas and Crete.” Amphora 2, no. 1 (spring 2003): 1-3. Byron, Robert. The Station. London: Century Publishing, 1984. Chubb, Mary. Nefertiti Lived Here. London: Libri, 1998. Churchill, Winston. Closing the Ring. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1951. -------- . Their Finest Hour. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1949. Clark, Alan. The Fall of Crete. London: Cassell, 1962. Cooper, Artemis. Cairo in the War. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1989. Crookshank, H., and J. B. Auden, “Lewis Leigh Fermor 1880-1954.” Biographical Memoirs ofFellows of the Royal Society 2 (November 1956): 101-16. Downing, Ben. “A Visit with Patrick Leigh Fermor.” Paris Review 165 (Spring 2003), 165-226. -------- . “Philhellene’s Progress: Patrick Leigh Fermor.” The New Crite rion, vol. 19, January 2001,9. Durrell, Lawrence. The Greek Islands. New York: Viking, 1978. Eban, Suzy. “A Cairo Girlhood.” The New Yorker, July 15,1974,62-73. Elliot, Murray. Vasili: The Lion ofCrete. London: Century Hutchinson, 1987. Fermor, Patrick Leigh. “Afterword.” In W. Stanley Moss, Ill Met by Moonlight (London: Folio Society, 2001), 193-211. -------- . Between the Woods and the Water. London: Penguin Books, 1988. -------- . “Foreword.” In David Smiley, Albanian Assignment (London: Chatto Windus, 1984), ix-xii. -------- . “How to Steal a General.” In Part 68, History of the Second World War (Marshall Cavendish, 1974): 1900-1904. 339
340 О SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY -------- . Mani. Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1984. -------- . Roumeli. New York: New York Review Books, 2006. -------- . Three Lettersfrom the Andes. London: John Murray, 2005. -------- . A Time of Gifts. New York: New York Review Books, 2005. -------- . A Time to Keep Silence. New York: New York Review Books, 2007. -------- . Words ofMercury. Edited by Artemis Cooper. London: John Murray, 2004. Fielding, Xan. Hide and Seek. London: Seeker Warburg, 1954. -------- . One Man in His Time. London: Macmillan, 1990. Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles. Armorial Families, vol. 2. London: Hurst Blackett, 1929. Gründen, Imogen. The Rash Adventurer: A Life ofJohn Pendlebury. Lon don: Libri Publications, 2007. Hadjipateras, Costas N., and Maria S. Falios. Crete 1941 Eyewitnessed. Athens: Efstathiadis Group, 2007. Harokopos, George. The Abduction ofGeneral Kreipe. Translated by Rosemary Tzanaki. Heraklion, Greece: V. Kouvidis-V. Manouras, 2003. Herodotus. Herodotus: A New and Literal Versionfrom the Text ofBaehr. New York: Harper Bros., 1889. Heydte, Friedrich August, Freiherr von der. Daedalus Returned. Trans lated by W. Stanley Moss. London: Hutchinson and Co., 1958. Hill, Maria. Diggers and Greeks. Sydney: University of New South Wales Press, 2010. Kokanos, N. A. The Cretan Resistance 1941-1945. Iraklion, Greece: Manouras G.-Tsintaris A., 2004. Lucas, James. Hitler’s Enforcers. London: Cassell, 1996. MacNiven, Ian. Lawrence Durrell: A Biography. London: Faber Faber, 1998. Mosley, Charlotte, ed. In Tearing Haste: Letters Between Deborah Devon shire and Patrick
Leigh Fermor. London: John Murray, 2008. Moss, W. Stanley. LU Met by Moonlight. London: Folio Society, 2001. -------- . A War ofShadows. New York: Macmillan, 1952. Pawley, Margaret. In Obedience to Instructions. Barnsley, UK: Leo Coo per, 1999. Phillips, Gene D. Evelyn Waugh’s Ofticers, Gentlemen, and Rogues. Chi cago: Nelson Hall, 1975. Powell, Dilys. The Villa Ariadne. London: Hodder Stoughton, 1973. Psychoundakis, George. The Cretan Runner. Translated by Patrick Leigh Fermor. London: Penguin Books, 1998.
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY ' 341 Rendel, A. Μ. Appointment in Crete. London: A. Wingate, 1953. Roessel, David. In Byron’s Shadow. New York: Oxford Uni verity Press, 2002. Smiley, David. Albanian Assignment. London: Chatto Windus, 1984. St. John, Robert. From the Land ofSilent People. Garden City, NY: Dou bleday, Doran, 1942. Sutherland, David. He Who Dares. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1999. Sykes, Christopher. Evelyn Waugh. Boston: Little, Brown, 1975. -------- . A Song ofa Shirt. London: Derek Verschoyle, 1953. Tarnowski, Andrew. The Last Mazurka. London: Aurum Press, 2006. Valentin, Jacques. The Monks ofMount Athos. Translated by Diano Athill. London: A. Deutsch, 1960. Watts, Alan. In My Own Way. New York: Pantheon, 1972. Waugh, Evelyn. The Diaries ofEvelyn Waugh. Edited by Michael Davie. Boston: Little, Brown, 1976. -------- . Officers and Gentlemen. Boston: Little, Brown, 1955. Unpublished Sources National Archives of the UK ADM 1/29488 ADM 1/29697 ADM 199/889 AIR 23/1443 HS 5/418 HS 5/456 HS 5/677 HS 5/722 HS 5/723 HS 5/724 HS 5/725 HS 5/727 HS 5/728 HS 5/729 HS 5/730 HS 5/731 HS 5/732 HS 8/403 HS 8/405 HS 8/461
342 О SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY HS 8/478 HS 8/571 HS 8/577 HS 8/657 HS 8/690 HS 8/692 HS 8/698 HS 8/729 HS 8/765 HS 9/317/2 HS 9/458/1 HS 9/760/1 KV 3/319 WO 208/4208 Imperial War Museum Crean, Annette. Memoir. Documents.6433, Private Papers of Mrs A Street, Imperial War Museum. Moss, W. Stanley. Diary. Documents.13338, Private Papers of Major IW S Moss MC, Department of Documents, Imperial War Museum. -------- . Diary 1939. Estate of I. W. Stanley Moss. Rendel, A. Μ. Papers of Alexander Meadows Rendel, Rendel Family Archive, London.
Index Note: See pages xvii-xviii (A Note on Names) for an explanation of the author’s use of surnames, code names, and nicknames. The abbreviation “PLF” refers to Patrick Leigh Fermor. Abyssinia, 178,180 Akoumianakis, Mihali (“Minoan Mike”) about code name/nickname for, xvii Heraklion harbor mission, 105-07 role in Kreipe capture, 239-44, 250-56,258-60,295 role in liaison with Italians, 113-17, 118,121,126-27,130-32,135,228 Albania Cretan forces in, 44,45,56-57,106 Italian forces in, 111-12,115 organization of resistance, 48 Pendlebury travels in, 40 PLF intelligence mission to, 56 SOE operations, 142-43,179-82, 303-04 Alevizakis, Fr. John (“Vicar”), 94, 96-97,321n26:94 Alice in Wonderland (Carroll), 7 Allied invasion plans Crete, 112-12,131-34,144, 301 Normandy, 301 Sicily, 131-32 Aly Aga Khan (prince of Ismaili Mus lims), 173 Ambler, Muriel, 6-7 Amery, Julian (SOE officer), 160,179, 182-83,185-87,192-93,303, 327nl3:179 Andrae, Waldemar (German gen eral), 83 Anglica Epanastasis (“England Revo lution”), 122,239 Ariadne (from Greek mythology), 24, 57,277 Athanassakis, Elias, 242-46,251-52, 254-55,259-60,262,295 Auden, W.H.,320n9:77 Baden-Powell, Robert, 163 Bandouvas, Manoli (kapetan, “BoPeep”), 140-41,150-51,188, 196-97 dagger promised to Fortune, 126, 227,304 execution of traitors, 123 fighting Viannos, 137-38 hideout, 115,239 leadership as kapetan, 104-05, 120-26 PLF first meeting, 85 recruitment for the resistance, 43 Venizelist uprising of 1935,45 weapons and supplies, 119,123-26 Bardakis, Kronis (“Old Krone”), 42, 43,45 Barnes, Dick (SOE officer), 271,28285,288, 291
Battle for Chania Gate, 60,70-71 Battle of Crete, 58-69,97,106,136 343
344 O INDEX Battle of El Alamein, 143,161,176 Battle of Loos (1915), 162 Battle of Worcester (1660), 95 Bay of Mirabello, xiii, xx, 46,132,248 Becket, Thomas, 9 “Beehive” (Resistance hideout), 95 Benzedrine, xx, 196,199 Black Prince (Edward of Woodstock), 9 Bodias (kapetan), 223 Bogarde, Dirk (movie actor), 303 Bonaparte, Napoleon, 6 “Bo-Peep.” See Bandouvas, Manoli Bourdzalis, Athanasios (kapetan), 239, 246,248-51,253-58 Bräuer, Bruno (German general), 118, 152,156-57,299-300 Breene, Arnold, 182,186 The Bridge ofSan Luis Rey (Wilder), 212 Brindisi (RAF aerodrome), xix, xxiii, 156,208,212,213 Britain, declaration of war, 34 British Army evacuation from Crete, 67-69 evacuation from Greece, 47-48, 56-57 North Africa operations, 90,144, 156,164-65,213 Brooke, Harry (“Mahalaki7“Mihali”), xviii, 111, 115,123,125-26,12931,135 Burghley, David (Olympic athlete), 41 Byron, George Gordon, 6th Baron (Lord Byron), ix, 28, 56,168 Byron, Robert, 5, 29-30 Cairo. See also Egypt; “Tara” field communications with, 90,95, 103,109,113,115-16,120,126, 129 General Carta extraction to, 127, 135-41,149-51,155-56 General Kreipe arrival, 296-97,299 Hangover Hall, 153,166,177 PLF assignment to, xxiii, 234-35 PLF return from Crete, 151,155 SOE officer assignments, 46,63,76, 143,165-66 SOE officers taking leave in, 80,82, 97,180 transferring Cretans to, 100,104, 231-32 as a world removed from war, 157-60 Campbell, John, 84 Cantacuzene, Balasha, 33 Canterbury Cathedral, 8-11 “Captain Guncotton.” See Hammond, Nick Carta, Angelo (Italian general, "Ravioli”) arrival in Cairo, 155-57 concern overfall of
Mussolini, 117-20 departure for Cairo, 150-51,216 German reaction to Italian armi stice, 132-35 negotiations to meet PLF, 115-18, 126-28 SOE evacuation plan, 134-36,13842,188-90 willingness to surrender, 97-98, 112,113-14 “Changeling7“Changebug.” See Psychoundakis, George Chappel (Brigadier), 57-60,67,70-71 Chariots ofFire (film), 41 Charles II (king of England), 95 Charles X (king of Sweden), 172 Chnarakis, Grigori, 245,257,260-62, 271,286 Churchill, Winston, 49, 55,120,164 “Churchill’s Secret Army.” See Special Operations Executive (SOE) Ciclitira, Dennis (SOE officer), 282, 287-91,294 Coleman, Brian (motor launch skip per), 229-33,279-80,290-91, 293-96, 302,304, 330n4:229 Communists/Communist partisans, 21,98,111,223,258-59,301 Constantinople, see Istanbul. “Copper.” SeePaterakis, Manoli
INDEX О 345 Cowell (RAF navigator), xxi Crean, Annette, 159,190-91, 313n7:xxiv Cretan Division fighting in Albania, 52, 56,106,115 reputation for fighting, 45,55-57 Cretan Resistance. See also Special Operations Executive (SOE) communications and observation networks, 46-47 German assessment of, 136,299 German collaboration, 121 Heraklion harbor sabotage, 101-07 organization of network, 49,74-75, 79 raid onKasos,46, 51 raids against Germans, 63,239-40, 245,247-48 raids against Kastelli airfield, 239, 283-84 traveling at night, 99-100,239— 40,251 turnover of Italian weapons, 132-34 weapons for resistance forces, 45, 52-54,104-05,124,223 wireless communications, 72-73, 81,96,115,129-30,135,155,214, 224-25,268,271,282,288,289 Crete Allied invasion plans, 112-13,132— 24,144,219,301 Battle for Chania Gate, 60,70-71 Battle of Crete, 58-69,97,106,136 British evacuation, 67-69 British military preparations, 41-42 fighting spirit of the people, 89-90 German invasion, 51-54, 78 German operations and raids, 93-95,105,247,284 German reprisals and executions, 83-84,90,102,107-08,114,119, 137-40,156-57,187-88,197,21718, 243-47,252-53,267-68,27172. See alsoWzr crimes makeshift civilian defenses, 47 massacre at Viannos, 136-38,140, 152,156,187,228,275 morale of German troops, 102,15152,189,221,238,301 morale of populace, 110,145,301 Pendlebury assignment as British Vice-Consul, 36-38,42-44 tensions between German and Ital ian forces, 112-15 under Turkish occupation, 88-89 Cross (SOE collaborator, Dr.), 11617,118 Cumberlege, Mike (SOE officer), 50-51, 70-71,85, 317nl4:43 Cyanide capsules,
xx, 226 Cyprus, 77-78 Dayan, Moshe, 48 The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (Gibbon), 39,56 Dollfuss, Engelbert, 25 Don Juan (Lord Byron), 168 Dunbabin, Tom (SOE officer, “Yanni”/“O Tom”) about code name/nickname for, xviii coordination of resistance, 74-82 departure for Cairo, 96,99,104 ill with malaria, 271,272-73 intelligence network, 240-42, 247-49 occupation of Villa Ariadne, 299 PLF taking over from, 100-04 plot to capture Müller, 152 post-war activities, 303 receipt of Distinguished Service Order, 142-45 recognition for service on Crete, 301-02 return to Cairo, 151 return to Crete, 113,129-31 selection and training, 86-87 SOE operations, 90-91,135-37, 150-52 troubles with Bandouvas, 123-24, 140-41 Durrell, Lawrence, 50,191
346 O INDEX Edward of Woodstock (aka Black Prince), 9 Egypt, 198-99. See also Cairo archaeological work, 37 assignment of PLF to, 35 German advance into, 174-76 holding POWs in, 155-56,262-63 independence from British colo nialism, 157-58 royal family, 174,198-99 SOE presence, 84 Elizabeth Stuart (queen of Bohe mia), 18 Evans, Arthur (archaeologist), xiii, 36,42,54,106,116 Faithfull, Theodore (teacher), 8-9 A Farewell to Arms (Hemingway), 209, 211,235 Farida (queen of Egypt), 174 Farouk I (king of Egypt), 174,184, 186,199 Fuad (king of Egypt), 198-99 Fermor, Lewis Leigh, 6, 7-8 Fermor, Muriel Ambler, 6-7 Fermor, Patrick Leigh (childhood and education) flogging for exploits, 11 King’s School at Canterbury, 9-12 Priory Gate School at Walsham Hall, 8-9 relationship with parents, 6-8 romantic engagements, 9,10-11,12 Fermor, Patrick Leigh (Europe by Shank’s Mare) arrival in Constantinople, 28-29 arrival in Holland, 12-13 departure from London and chan nel crossing, 3-6 encounters with SA and SS, 14-15, 18,19,21-22 return to England and enlistment in army, 34-35 romantic engagements, 16,19,33 travel across Austria, 22-24 travel across Bulgaria, 25-28 travel across Czechoslovakia and Hungary, 24-25 travel across Germany, 14-22 travels and exploration of Greece, 29-34 travels in Romania, 33-34 Fermor, Patrick Leigh (operations on Crete, “Mihali”/“Paddy”), 304 about code name/nickname for, xvii-xviii air-drop onto Crete, xix-xxiii, 205-07,214-17 enlistment in army and recruit ment for intelligence, 35 extraction of General Carta, 139— 42,150-51 Heraklion harbor mission, 101-07
injuries from truck accident, 54-55 mission to Albania, 56 mission to Greece, 54-55 negotiation for Italian surrender, 113-20 parachute training, 192-93 planning for Allied invasion, 111-13 post-war activities, 306-07 raid onKasos, 46, 51 recognition for service on Crete, 301-02 relationship with Kreipe, 274-75, 300,306-07 rental of “Tara,” 166 return to Cairo, 151 return to Crete, 200-03,217-28, 306 romantic engagements, 213 Tara nickname “Lord Rakehell,” 168 Fielding, Xan (SOE officer) childhood and early career, 76-78 encounters with Germans, 91-96 establishment of Crete headquar ters, 74-76 living at “Tara,” 179 PLF taking over area of, 84-87
INDEX О 347 plot to capture German com mander, 84,151-52 post-war activities, 304-05 recruitment and training, 78-81 return to Cairo, 82-84 SOE operations, 80-84 transfer to France, 304-05 “Fish pond.” See Heraklion harbor sabotage “Fortress Crete,” 83,156,299 Fortune, Cyril J. (pilot), xxi-xxiii, 125-26,205-08,214,227,304 The Four Feathers (movie), 163-64 France, declaration of war, 34 Frederick the Great (king of Prus sia), 15 Frederick V (king of Bohemia), 18 French Foreign Legion, 173-74 French Resistance, 304 Freyberg (General), 64 PLF mission to, 35,54-56 Venizelist uprising of 1935,31-32, 43,45,88 Greek mythology, 23-24, 57, 69,259, 277 Grigorakis, Antonis (kapetan, "Satanas”),42-43,60,67, 70-71 Grimm’s Fairy Tales, 7 Grossi (Italian captain), 138 Haifa (SOE training camp), 48, 50,87, 145-47,181,191 Hammond, Nick (SOE officer, “Cap tain Guncotton”), 40-42,48-51, 70-71 Hayworth, Rita (actress), 173 Hemingway, Ernest, 209-11,234 Heraklion harbor sabotage, 101-07 Heydte, Einer von der (German officer) Battle for Chania Gate, 58-59, Geological Survey of India, 6 60-62,64-66 George II (king of Greece), 48 befriending of PLF in Austria, Georgios, Agios (“Holy George”), 23-24 44-45,139 departure from Crete, 69 Germany. See also Hitler, Adolf plot to assassinate Hitler, 304 1933, growing Nazi influence, Hindenburg, Baron Paul von, 15 14-16 Hitler, Adolf. See also Germany; 1939, invasion of Poland, 34,170-72 Nazism 1941, invasion of Crete, 51-54 1933, influence in Germany, 14-15 1941, invasion of Greece, 47-48 assassination plot, 284 PLF travels across, 14-22 German
attitude toward, 17,18, tension and conflict with Italian 21-22 forces, 111-13,132-34 killing of Röhm and purge of SA, Gone with the Wind (Mitchell), 178 25 Göring, Hermann, 15 refusal to evacuate Crete, 157 HMS Abdiel, 63 Granville, Christine (Allied spy), HMS Ajax, 55 304-05 HMS Bellerophon, 6 Greece arrival and exploration by PLF, HMS Dido, 68-69 HMS Dolphin, 50-51, 70-71,85 29-33 declaration of war on Italy, 36,43 HMS Hedgehog, 75,84 invasion by Germany, 47-48,56-57 HMS Hotspur, 68 HMS Imperial, 68,71 monks and monasteries of Mount HMS Isis, 63 Athos, 29-31 HMS Orion, 68-69 organization of resistance, 48-49
348 O INDEX HMS Torbay, 75-76 Holmes, Richard (SBS commando), 322n29:108 “Holy Friday” (Resistance hideout), 111 “Holy George.” See Georgios, Agios Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus, Roman poet), 5,21, 274 Horse S· Hound (magazine), 181 Houseman, John (SOE officer), 232, 271,273 III Met by Moonlight (Moss), 303 India, 6-7,13, 55,67 Invasion planning. See Allied inva sion plans Isherwood, Christopher, 320n9:77 Island Adventure (Moss), 162 Istanbul, 3-4,12,25,28-29, 34. See also Turkey. Italy armistice declaration, 130-34 fall of Mussolini, 113,118-19 German response to surrender, 157 Greece declaration of war, 36,43 tension and conflict with German forces, 111-13,132-34 Ivan (escaped Russian prisoner of war), 122,244,257-58,269-70, 286. See also Russians (escaped prisoners of war) James I (king of England and Scot land), 18 Jews attitude toward Hitler, 25 rumors of Nazi bullying, 16 training of guerrilla forces, 48 Kai Lung’s Golden Hours (Bramah), 163 Kapetans, Cretan Resistance about code names, xvii enlistment by Pendlebury, 42-43 Kasos, commando raid on, 46, 51 Kastelli airfield commando raid, 107-110,239 RAF bombing raid, 248 SOE wireless station near, 129,135 Kastrinogiannes, Konstantinos (“Tweedledee”), 103,322nl6:103 Katharo plateau air-drop point, Operation Whimsi cal, xx-xxi, xxii, 304 air-drop zone, 198,205,202,214, 219-221,227-28,237,246-47 German patrols, 223,225 Katsias, Jonny, 283,287,289,291-93, 295 Kemp, Peter (SOE officer), 327nl3:179 Kidnapping plots. See also Kreipe, Heinrich (German general) General Andrae, 83-84 General Müller, 153,187-92,19498,228
reprisals and impact on morale, 300-01 King’s School at Canterbury, 9-12 Komis, Nikos, 258,261,271 Koryzis, Alexandros, 47 Kreipe, Heinrich (German general) arrival/interrogation in Cairo, 296-300 arrival on Crete, 237 kidnap plan, 240-68 relationship with PLF, 274-76, 300, 307 residing at Villa Ariadne, 240-41 seizure of, 260-68 trek overland to extract, 269-93 water extraction, 292-97 “Kurka” (pet mongooses), 185 Ladas, Alexis (Greek officer), 201 Lamonby, Kenneth (SBS commando), 107-10,239 Lawrence, Arnold W., 48 Laycock, Robert (commander in Royal Marines), 62-64 Leigh Fermor, Patrick. See Fermor, Patrick Leigh entries
INDEX О 349 Leonidas (SOE collaborator, Dr.), 113, 118 Logan, R. A. (motor launch skipper), 279-80 Lollards (Communist partisans), 98, 111,258-59,301 “Lord Rakehell” (PLF nickname), 168 “Lotus Land” (pro-British safe area), 81,91,95,111,247,281 Ludovici (Italian captain), 138 “Manoli the Cop.” See Paterakis, Manoli Maskelyne, Jasper (SOE tradecraft expert), 194-96,226 McLean, Billy (SOE officer), 178-83, 187,199-200,202 Menasces, Denise, 201 “Micky.” See Akoumianakis, Mihali Middle East Command, 45, 50, 54,80 “Mihalaki7“Mihali.” See Brooke, Harry “Mihali7“Mike.” See Stockbridge, Ralph “Mihali7“Paddy.” SeeFermor, Patrick Leigh “Minoan Mike.” See Akoumianakis, Mihali “Minoan Minnie,” 116 Moss, Edward, 162-63 Moss, William Stanley and Natalie (parents), 161 Moss, William Stanley (SOE officer) aborted air-drop onto Crete, xixxxiii, 205-08, 214-18 awaiting assignment, 160-61 childhood and education, 161-63 Cretan disguise, 236 departure for Crete, 198,200, 201-04 early missions, 178,189-91 engagement to Patsy, 165-166,186 enlistment and training, 164 final departure from Crete, 302 parachute training, 191-92 post-war activities, xv-xvi, 303 relationship with Sophie, 166-67, 176,200-01,211,222,303 rental of “Tara,” 166-68,177-78 return to Crete, 200-02, 229-35, 302 service in North Africa, 164-65 Tara nickname “Mr. Jack Jargon,” 168 Mount Athos, 5, 29-32 Mount Dikti, 124-25,139,188,191, 194,196,185 Mount Ida, xvi, 50, 67,85-86, 264-65, 267-68,270,273 Mount Soracte, 274 "Mr. Jack Jargon” (Moss nickname), 168 Müller, Friedrich-Wilhelm (German general) disarmament of Italians,
132-35 living in Villa Ariadne, 116 massacre at Viannos, 137-38,152, 156-57 plans for kidnapping, 152,187-89, 197,227-28,236-37 replacement by Kreipe, 228, 237-40 war crimes conviction, 299-300 Mussolini, Benito, 45,113,118-19 Nazism. See also Hitler, Adolf 1933, presence in Germany, 14-16 German attitude toward, 17 PLF encounters with, 14-15,18, 19-20,21-22 Negroni (Italian general), 155-56 “Never-Never Land,” 158. See also Crete Normandy, Allied invasion, 301 North Africa Battle of El Alamein, 143,161,176 British Middle East Command, 45, 50,54,80 British military operations, 144, 164-65,195,213 German Afrika Korps, 84,174,176, 180
350 O INDEX “О Tom.” See Dunbabin, Tom “Oak Apple Day,” 95,224 The Odes (Horace), 5,21,274 “Old Krone.” See Bardakis, Kronis Omalos plateau. See Katharo plateau Operation Bricklayer, 279-80,29091,304 Operation Moonstruck, 229-35 Operation Tingewick, xix-xxiii Operation Whimsical, xix-xxiii The Oxford Book ofEnglish Verse, 5 Oxley, David (movie actor), 303 “Paddy.” See Fermor, Patrick Leigh Palestine, 175,178,180-81 Papaleonidas, Antoni (“Wallace Beery”), 238,240, 257,260-62, 271,295 Paterakis, Manoli (“Manoli the Cop7“Copper”) assistant to PLF, 99-101, 111, 121, 124-25 Heraklion harbor mission, 102-07 passing time in Egypt, 211-12,221, 281 post-war activities, 305 relationship with Kreipe, 277-78 return to Crete, 229-30,236 role in Carta abduction, 135,139, 150-51,155 role in Kreipe mission, 190-93,203, 208,261-65,270,291-95 Paterakis, Vasili (kapetan), 100 Patsy (fiancée of Moss), 165-166,186 Pawley, Margaret, 158 Pendlebury, Hilda, 38,39,42,45,46 Pendlebury, John (SOE officer) archaeological work in Greece and Crete, XV, 36-37,40-41 as British Vice-Consul in Crete, xv, 36-38,42-43,48,65 capture and execution, 71-73 defense of Chania Gate,70-71 enlistment and intelligence assign ment, 38-42 living at Villa Ariadne, 116,188, 240,299 military assignment to Crete, 59-60 organization of resistance on Crete, 42-48 recollections of, 88,106,301 Perkins, Dudley (sergeant), 146-47 Peter (prince of Greece), 55,57,59, 76, 303 Petrakogiorgos, Giorgos (kapetan, “Selfridge”), 43,85,97,104-05, 272 “Pixie” (pet dog), 183-85,202-03,210, 302-03 Poland, 34,164,168-76,186,206 “Princess
Dnieper-Petrovsk” (Sophie nickname), 168 Priory Gate School at Walsham Hall, 8 Prisoners of war. See also Kidnapping plots British camps in Egypt, 155-56, 262-63 capture and execution of Pendle bury, 71-73 escape from German camp, 146 Fielding capture in France, 304-05 Russian escapees on Crete, see Rus sians (escaped prisoners of war) Propaganda campaign German leaflet drops, 268,270,276 public broadcasts on BBC, 276-77 SOE leaflet drops, 276,280 undermining German morale, 90-91,247-48 Psychoundakis, George (“Changeling7“Changebug”), xviii, 52-53,91,94-97,99,283, 304 Rackham, Arthur, 7 “Ravioli.” See Carta, Angelo (Italian general) Reade, Arthur, 95-96
INDEX О 351 “Sancho.” See Tzangarakis, Yianni “Sandy.” See Rendel, Alexander “Satanas.” SeeGrigorakis, Antonis Saviolakis, Stratis, 254-58, 261-65, 269,287,295 “Selfridge.” SeePetrakogiorgos, Giorgos Sergiou (Greek general), 241 Sergiou, Kyveli (Cretan agent), 241 sheep/sheep rustling, xx, 43,52,85, 89-90,121,220,232,287 Shevekiar (Egyptian princess), 198-200 Sicily, Allied invasion, 131-32 Smiley, David (SOE officer), 179-82, 185,189,201-03,303 Smith-Hughes, Jack (SOE officer), 79-80,189—90, 228, 276 “Sophie.” SeeTarnowska, Zofia Souris, Nikos, 111 “Spaghetti.” SeeTavana, Franco Special Boat Section (Royal Navy commandos), 107-109,283-84 Special Operations Executive (SOE). See also Cretan Resistance about various names, xviii airdrops, personnel, 192-93,205208,213-21 airdrops, supply, xix-xxi, 123-26, 129,196-98,210-212,218,22021,227-28 Beaulieu “finishing school,” 86-87 Cairo headquarters, 73-74, 79 commando raids, 107-109,136, 283-84 formation and mission, 49 Haifa training camp, 48,87,145Sabotage as SOE mission, 49 47,181,191 kidnapping of Gen. Kreipe, 254-68 British evacuation of Crete, 67-68 kidnapping of Gen. Müller, 153, German reprisals, 90,107,109-10 Heraklion harbor mission, 100-06 187-92,194-98,228 Middle East Command, 45,50, 54, Italian plans for, 132 80 SBS commando raids, 106-110 naval operations, 85,141-42, SOE training, 79-81,145-46, 147-51 180-81 Rendel, Alexander (SOE officer, “Sandy”) arrival on Crete, 141-42,149-50 Cretan disguise, 236 cyanide pill incident, 225-26 drop zone security, 214-21 education, xv, 142 post-war activities, 303 reconnaissance of
Spinalonga, 248 recruitment and training, 142-49 relocation of headquarters, 223-25 role in Kreipe mission, 196—98, 231-34,269-70,282 wireless communications, 155,157 Röhm, Ernst (SA leader), 15,25 Rommel, Erwin (German field mar shal), 84,164,174-76 Rowland (RAF bombardier), xxii Royal Air Force (RAF). See also Spe cial Operations Executive (SEO), air-drops bombing of Heraklion harbor, 157 bombing of Kastelli airfield, 248 leaflet drop, 280 parachute training, 191 Royal Navy evacuation of Crete, 68-69 Special Boat Section (SBS), 107-109, 283-84 Russians (escaped prisoners of war), 122,244,257-58,269-70, 286, 302. See also Lollards, Ivan (escaped Russian prisoner of war), Vassily (escaped Russian prisoner of war).
352 O INDEX Special Operations Executive (SOE) (continued) Operation Bricklayer, 279-80,29091, 304 Operation Moonstruck, 229-35 Operation Tinge wick, xix-xxiii Operation Whimsical, xix-xxiii propaganda campaign, 90-91, 247-48,280 sabotage training, 49, 79-81,14546,180-81 shore landings, 70-71,85,99,23035,279-82,287-88,290-91, 293-96 submarine landings, 75,100,266 Special War Crimes Tribunal, 299-300 Spengel (Herr and Frau), 17-18 Spengel, Fritz, 17-18, 304 Spinalonga leper colony, 248 Stadthouder Willem (Dutch steamer), channel crossing, 3-6,12 The Station (Robert Byron), 29 Stockbridge, Ralph ("Mihali"/ "Mike”), 280-81,282-83 Sykes, Christopher, 158-59 “Tara.” See also Cairo about naming of, 177-78 farewell party for PLF and Moss, 200-03 nicknames for residents, 168 parties and revelry, 185-87, 198-203 “Pixie” and the mongooses, 183-85 rental by Moss and PLF, 166-68 SOE officers in residence, 178-84 Tarnowska, Zofia (“Sophie") arrival and life in Cairo, 172-76 family and childhood, 168-70 joining Moss and PLF at Tara, 166-68 living at Tara, 177,186 marriage to Andrew, 169-71,175, 186,213 marriage to Moss, 303 pet mongooses, 185 relationship with Moss, 176,200— 03,211,221-22 relationship with Tara residents, xvi, 181-82,183,187 surviving invasion of Poland, 170-72 Tara nickname “Princess DnieperPetrovsk,” 168 Tarnowska, Stas, 170-72 Tarnowski, Andrew, 169-72,175, 186,213 Tavana, Franco (Italian officer, “Spaghetti”) about German attack on Italian forces, 117-21 liaison for Italian surrender on Crete, 113-17,126-38 role in defection of General Carta, 150,155 Treasure Island
(Stevenson), 162 Turkey. See also Istanbul. establishment of republic, 28 Greek struggle for independence, 28,43,145,273-74 occupation of Crete, 47,65,88-89, 219,248 Turville-Petre, Francis, 320n9:77 “Tweedledee.” See Kastrinogiannes, Konstantinos “Tweedledum” (Greek agent), 103 Tyrakis, George, 95,190-92,197,203, 208, 211-12,221-22,229-30,234, 236, 238,244-45,251,253,256— 57,258,260-62,265-68,270,278, 281-82, 302, 305 Tzangarakis, Yianni (“Sancho”), 74-75,82,93,96-97,100 Tzatzas, Mitsos, 258 Vassily (escaped Russian prisoner of war), 244,269-70,286. See also Russians (escaped prisoners of war) Venizelist uprising of 1935, 31-32,43, 45,88
INDEX О 353 Venizelos, Eleftherios, 32,88 Verey light, xxi, 215,217,219 Viannos. See War crimes. “Vicar.” See Alevizakis, Fr. John Villa Ariadne, 42,116,152,188,24044,249,256-63,299 “Wallace Beery.” See Papaleonidas, Antoni Walter, Inez, 201 War crimes massacre at Viannos, 136-38,140, 152,156,187,228,275 post-war tribunal, 299-300 reprisals against civilians, 107-08, 119,137-40,156-57,187-88,197, 217-18,243-47,252-53,267-68, 271-72. Watts, Alan (PLF schoolmate), 10-12 Waugh, Evelyn (intelligence officer), 62-64 Winn, Rowland (SOE officer), 182, 184,303-04 Wireless communications, 72-73,81, 96,115,129-30,135,155,196,214, 224-25,268,271,280-81,282, 287-89 Wissa, Gertie, 187,201 Women. See also Tarnowska, Zofia fighting on Crete, 47, 54, 79 German killing of, 138 joining SOE villa in Egypt, 165-68 participation in Nazi Party, 15 partying with SOE officers, 198-201 PLF attraction to, 10-12 serving in Greek army, 54 translators and spies, 241, 304-05 World War I assassination of Archduke Ferdi nand, 169 Pendlebury recollections, 39 PLF recollections, 7,13-14 “Yanni.” SeeDunbabin, Tom Young, Bob (motor launch skipper), 141-42,147-51 Zographakis, Kimon, 330nl8:239 Zographakis, Zahari, 238-40, 257-58 Zographistos, Anna (“Pavlos’s Sis ter”), 252-56, 331nl0:251 Zographistos, Pavlos, 250-59 Zoidakis, Antoni, 258,262,271-73, 277-79,295 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Davis, Wes 1965- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1345321848 |
| author_facet | Davis, Wes 1965- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Davis, Wes 1965- |
| author_variant | w d wd |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV049821916 |
| callnumber-first | D - World History |
| callnumber-label | D802 |
| callnumber-raw | D802.G82 |
| callnumber-search | D802.G82 |
| callnumber-sort | D 3802 G82 |
| callnumber-subject | D - General History |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1466905904 (DE-599)BVBBV049821916 |
| dewey-full | 940.54/21959 |
| dewey-hundreds | 900 - History & geography |
| dewey-ones | 940 - History of Europe |
| dewey-raw | 940.54/21959 |
| dewey-search | 940.54/21959 |
| dewey-sort | 3940.54 521959 |
| dewey-tens | 940 - History of Europe |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| edition | First Paul Dry Books edition |
| format | Book |
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These amateur soldiers (writers, scholars, archaeologists) included Patrick Leigh Fermor, a future travel-writing luminary; John Pendlebury, a pioneering archaeologist whose walking stick concealed a sword; Xan Fielding, who would later translate books like Bridge over the River Kwai and Planet of the Apes into English; Sandy Rendel, a future Times of London reporter; and W. Stanley Moss, who would write up his account of their exploits in Ill Met By Moonlight (Paul Dry Books, Inc.). Alongside Cretan partisans, these British intelligence officers carried out a daring plan to sabotage Nazi maneuvers, culminating in a high-risk plot to abduct the island's German commander. Wes Davis presents the scintillating story of these legends in the making and their adventures in one of the war's most exotic locales. 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| geographic | Griechenland Großbritannien Crete (Greece) History Occupation, 1941-1945 Kreta (DE-588)4073791-3 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Griechenland Großbritannien Crete (Greece) History Occupation, 1941-1945 Kreta |
| id | DE-604.BV049821916 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-06T13:08:02Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781589881884 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-035162086 |
| oclc_num | 1466905904 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | xxiv, 353 Seiten |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20241017 |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateSearch | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | Paul Dry Books |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Davis, Wes 1965- Verfasser (DE-588)1345321848 aut The Ariadne objective Patrick Leigh Fermor and the underground war to rescue Crete from the Nazis Wes Davis First Paul Dry Books edition Philadelphia Paul Dry Books 2024 xxiv, 353 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier "The Ariadne Objective is the extraordinary story of the Nazi occupation of Crete told from the perspective of an eccentric band of British gentleman spies. These amateur soldiers (writers, scholars, archaeologists) included Patrick Leigh Fermor, a future travel-writing luminary; John Pendlebury, a pioneering archaeologist whose walking stick concealed a sword; Xan Fielding, who would later translate books like Bridge over the River Kwai and Planet of the Apes into English; Sandy Rendel, a future Times of London reporter; and W. Stanley Moss, who would write up his account of their exploits in Ill Met By Moonlight (Paul Dry Books, Inc.). Alongside Cretan partisans, these British intelligence officers carried out a daring plan to sabotage Nazi maneuvers, culminating in a high-risk plot to abduct the island's German commander. Wes Davis presents the scintillating story of these legends in the making and their adventures in one of the war's most exotic locales. Includes 17 black and white photographs." Fermor, Patrick Leigh 1915-2011 (DE-588)122478835 gnd rswk-swf Great Britain. Special Operations Executive History Geschichte Weltkrieg (1939-1945) World War, 1939-1945 Underground movements Greece Crete World War, 1939-1945 Secret service Great Britain Befreiung (DE-588)4124630-5 gnd rswk-swf Partisanenkrieg (DE-588)4173446-4 gnd rswk-swf Zweiter Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079167-1 gnd rswk-swf Griechenland Großbritannien Crete (Greece) History Occupation, 1941-1945 Kreta (DE-588)4073791-3 gnd rswk-swf Fermor, Patrick Leigh 1915-2011 (DE-588)122478835 p Kreta (DE-588)4073791-3 g Zweiter Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079167-1 s Befreiung (DE-588)4124630-5 s Partisanenkrieg (DE-588)4173446-4 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-58988-379-6 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035162086&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035162086&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035162086&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Davis, Wes 1965- The Ariadne objective Patrick Leigh Fermor and the underground war to rescue Crete from the Nazis Fermor, Patrick Leigh 1915-2011 (DE-588)122478835 gnd Great Britain. Special Operations Executive History Geschichte Weltkrieg (1939-1945) World War, 1939-1945 Underground movements Greece Crete World War, 1939-1945 Secret service Great Britain Befreiung (DE-588)4124630-5 gnd Partisanenkrieg (DE-588)4173446-4 gnd Zweiter Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079167-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)122478835 (DE-588)4124630-5 (DE-588)4173446-4 (DE-588)4079167-1 (DE-588)4073791-3 |
| title | The Ariadne objective Patrick Leigh Fermor and the underground war to rescue Crete from the Nazis |
| title_auth | The Ariadne objective Patrick Leigh Fermor and the underground war to rescue Crete from the Nazis |
| title_exact_search | The Ariadne objective Patrick Leigh Fermor and the underground war to rescue Crete from the Nazis |
| title_full | The Ariadne objective Patrick Leigh Fermor and the underground war to rescue Crete from the Nazis Wes Davis |
| title_fullStr | The Ariadne objective Patrick Leigh Fermor and the underground war to rescue Crete from the Nazis Wes Davis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Ariadne objective Patrick Leigh Fermor and the underground war to rescue Crete from the Nazis Wes Davis |
| title_short | The Ariadne objective |
| title_sort | the ariadne objective patrick leigh fermor and the underground war to rescue crete from the nazis |
| title_sub | Patrick Leigh Fermor and the underground war to rescue Crete from the Nazis |
| topic | Fermor, Patrick Leigh 1915-2011 (DE-588)122478835 gnd Great Britain. Special Operations Executive History Geschichte Weltkrieg (1939-1945) World War, 1939-1945 Underground movements Greece Crete World War, 1939-1945 Secret service Great Britain Befreiung (DE-588)4124630-5 gnd Partisanenkrieg (DE-588)4173446-4 gnd Zweiter Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079167-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Fermor, Patrick Leigh 1915-2011 Great Britain. Special Operations Executive History Geschichte Weltkrieg (1939-1945) World War, 1939-1945 Underground movements Greece Crete World War, 1939-1945 Secret service Great Britain Befreiung Partisanenkrieg Zweiter Weltkrieg Griechenland Großbritannien Crete (Greece) History Occupation, 1941-1945 Kreta |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035162086&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035162086&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035162086&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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