Incubation in early Byzantium: the formation of Christian incubation cults and miracle collections
"Incubation (temple sleep) was a well-known ritual in the Near East and became increasingly popular in Classical and Hellenistic Greece, becoming attached to Asclepius and other divinities. It flourished in the Eastern Mediterranean, where it was encountered by the emergent Christianity. Temple...
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| Schriftenreihe: | Cultural encounters in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages
volume 41 |
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| Zusammenfassung: | "Incubation (temple sleep) was a well-known ritual in the Near East and became increasingly popular in Classical and Hellenistic Greece, becoming attached to Asclepius and other divinities. It flourished in the Eastern Mediterranean, where it was encountered by the emergent Christianity. Temple sleep was so widespread that it was impossible to ban. The Christianization of the incubation ritual was thus a detailed and lengthy (but successful) process that encompassed several aspects of the Church’s self-definition, including important social and theological issues of the era. The list of relevant issues is extensive: the fate of Greek temples and the reinterpretation of sacred space, confronting Hippocratic medicine, and the learned Greek intelligentsia. Since disease and a search for cure is a ubiquitous human need, the early Church embraced a healing ministry, in secular terms as well as in ritual healing. Incubation records show how the Church viewed dreams, conversion, or the notions of magic and divination. All these come within the framework of writing miracles: the transformation of the cult was thus incorporated into standard Church discourse, from ritual practice to proper literary genres. This first comprehensive monograph on Christian incubation examines the rich material of all the relevant Greek miracle collections: those of Saint Thecla, Cyrus and John, the different versions of Saint Cosmas and Damian and saint Artemios, as well as the minor incubation saints, As a result, it unfolds the transformation of healing sites and practices related to dreams as they spread across Byzantium, from rural Asia Minor to Constantinople and Alexandria." |
| Beschreibung: | 328 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9782503606606 |
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Table of Contents Acknowledgements 7 Note on Editorial Choices and Abbreviations 9 11 Introduction Part I Cults and Records Chapter i Greek Incubation 21 Chapter 2 The Literary Background of the Collections 43 Chapter 3 The Christian Incubation Saints: Their Cult Sites and their Miracle Records 57 Part II Sources Chapter 4 Material Sources 107 Chapter 5 The Oral Tradition in the Miracles 137 Chapter 6 The Hagiographers: Who Makes the Incubation Stories? 175
6 TABLE OF CONTENTS Part III Stories Chapter 7 Compositional Structure in the Miracle Collections 193 Chapter 8 Narrative Techniques and Variants of the Dream Stories 219 Chapter 9 Doctors and Miracles: Doctors and Medicine in Early Christianity and Byzantium 245 Chapter 10 Mirroring Society and its Beliefs: Sinners, Pagans, Jews, Heretics, Non-Christians in Terms of Illness and Cure 263 Conclusion 289 Works Cited 295 Index 325
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The Council of Trullo Revisited, ed. by George Nedungatt and Michael Featherstone (Rome: Pontifico Istituto Orientale, 1995) Delehaye, Hippolyte, ‘Synaxarium et miracula S. Isaiae prophetae’, Analecta Bollandiana, 42 (1924), 257-65 Diodorus Siculus, The Library ofHistory, trans, by Ch. H. Oldfather, Loeb Classical Library (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1933) Euagrius Scholasticus, Historia Ecclesiastica, ed. and trans, by Joseph Bidez and Léon Parmentier (Amsterdam: Hakkert, 1964) Girone, Maria, lamata: Guarigioni miracolose diAsclepio in test: epigrafici (Bari: Levante, 1998) Graecorum de re onirocritica reliquiae, ed. by Dario Del Corno, Testi e document! perlo studio dell’antiquità, 26 (Milan: Istituto editoriale cisalpino, 1969) Gregory of Nyssa, On the Making ofMan, in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Second Series, vol. v, ed. by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1893), pp. 526-85
296 WORKS CITED Gregory of Tours, Glory of the Martyrs, trans, by Raymond Van Dam (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1988) Herzog, Rudolf, Die Wunderheilungen von Epidauros: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Medizin und der Religion, Philologus Supplementum, 22.3 (Leipzig, 1931) Hesychius, Origines Constantinopolitanae, in Scriptores Originum Constantinopolitanarum, ed. by Theodor Preger (Leipzig: Teubner, 1901; repr. New York: Arno Press, 1975), fase. 1, pp. 1-18 Hicks, Edward Lee, ‘Inscriptions from Western Cilicia’, Journal ofHellenic Studies, 12 (1891), 225-73 Hippocrates, On Dreams [Regimen IV], trans, by H. S. Jones, Loeb Classical Library, 150 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1959), pp. 420-47 Holy Women of the Syrian Orient, ed. by Sebastian P. Brock and Susan Ashbrook Harvey (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987) Honey, Linda, 'Thekla: Text and Context with a First English Translation of the Miracles’ (unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Calgary, 2011) Inscriptiones Graecae, iv, Inscriptiones Argolidis, fasc. 1, Inscriptiones Epidauri, ed. by Friderich Hiller von Gaertringen, 2nd edn (Berlin: de Gruyter, 1929) John ofNikiu, The Chronicle ofJohn ofNikiu, trans, by Robert H. Charles (London: Texts and Translations Society, 1916) Julian, The Works of the Emperor Julian, trans, by Wilmer Cave Wright, Loeb Classical Library, 3 vols (London: Heinemann, 1923) Kawadias, Panagis, Fouilles d'Épidaure, vol. I (Athens: Vlastos, 1891); the subsequent reports were published in the Ephémerié Archailogiké in 1883,1885,1918; online at
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Index abaton: 27,113 Acta lheclae (also Acta Pauli et Theclae}: 57-59, 63 of Rome, near the Bath of Traian: 49 ofTroizen: 51 Aegae: 43, 50, 58, 61-70,102,151 Asia Minor: 11, 48, 57-58, 68, 265, Aelian: 44,110 280 Athena: 61-62,152, 224, 231, 234 Aelius Aristides: 26-27, 29, 3b 44, 49-50,126,169, 213, 224, 251, 263 Alexandria, Alexandrian: 31, 36, 39, 58, 70, 80-90,100-01,118,130, Athens: 37, 61, 98,108-09,112·, 146, 273 Augustine, Saint: 35, 51, 210, 247 163,179-80,186,189,195, 209-10, 212, 217, 247, 249, 253, 256 Amphiaraus: 22, 40,112-14, 212,289 Blachernai (quarter of Constantinople): 58, 76, 95-96 amulet: 92,119-20,119 anargyroi: 37, 68, 75, 79-80, 98 Apollo (Phoebus, Loxias): 23-25, 30, 38, 60, 65, 66, 88,113,151, 224, 264 archive (of miracle records) : 14, 31, 48-51,109,143-44,178-79 aretalogy: 14, 44-45,179,193, 226, 285 Arian, Arius, Arianism: 88-90,135, 195, 254, 278, 280-81, 284 Artemis: 23, 24, 234 Asclepieion of Aegae: 61, 64-67 of Alexandria: 83 of Athens: 37,51, 98,109-110 of Corinth: 36 of Cos: 111 of Epidaurus: 25-28, 40, 51, 34, Chalcedonian (synod, credo): 56, 87,129,189, 209-10, 212, 235, 278-84 Cheiron: 23, 30 Christ (Jesus), as healer: 13, 22, 32-34, 36,54, 65,120,127-30,133, 151, 225, 227, 234, 247-49, 252, 283, 290-91 chthonic: 23, 27, 60, 289 cleaning (ritual cleansing, ablution): 247, 264-65 confession stelai see stelai conversion: 130,135,194, 202, 253, 267-69, 272-75, 277-79 Coronis: 23-24 Cos: 30, 65,107,111 cult statues, appearing in dream: 28,126-27, 224 94,194 of Pergamon: 36, 49-50 Cyril of Alexandria: 80-85,170 Cyril of Scythopolis: 223 of
Piraeus: 37 Cyrrhus: 67, 69-71, 79, 98-99, 204
326 INDEX Delphoi, Delphic 14-25, 50, 65, 80, 150, 261 Demetrius, Saint: 55, 99-100,114 Dioscuri (Castor, Pollux): 73-74, 154, 206, 219, 269 Diocletian: 49, 67-68, 90 Dyophysite:i86, 280-82 disguise (healers appearing in): 28, 97,122,127,186, 232, 235, 282-83 divination: 12, 22, 34-35, 49, 224, 243 oracles, oracular: 12, 21-22, 29, Herodotus: 47-48,137,143-44, 150,152,156,180,189,193,195-96 heroes: 12, 22- 24, 40, 52-53, 60, 109,151, 271 Hippocrates, Hippocratic medicine: 12, 30-31, 35, 80, 224, 246, 248, 251, 257, 259, 266, 275 Homer, Homeric: 21, 24, 47, 60, 139,158,185-86,189,196, 225, 237, 269, 286 hospitals: 38, 91,180,187, 248-49, 251, 254, 287 49-5°, 58, 60, 62, 65-66,151, 178, 224, 243, 279 Dometius, Saint: 98-99, 292 lamata (healing narratives) see Dor, Doura: 38 drugs, use of 21, 29-30, 80, 264 icons, healing: 121-26,128-32 initiation, initiate: 241, 268, 283 stelai Isaiah, prophet as incubation encomium: 79, 213-15 Epidaurus: 23-28, 30, 32, 40, 48, 50-51, 65,107,112,136,151, 213, 219, 228, 232, 241, 260, 290 epiphany: 12, 21, 24, 28, 48-49,101, 108,115,143, 220, 242, 250, 260 Eucharist (communion), seen in a dream or as part of a miracle: 189, 212, 226, 235, 258, 268, 178-79,182-84 eulogies, eulogia: 13, 27,111,120, 131-ЗЗ, 146 healer: 35, 82, 96 Iseion, temple oflsis: 80, 81, 261 Isis: 22, 35, 50, 52, 80-82, 84,127, 151, 215, 242, 245, 275 Isocasius: 63,163,195, 269 Iulius Apellas: 169 Jerome: 39, 82, 248 Jerusalem: 39, 54-55, 59, 84-86, 90, 96,110,179, 212, 248-49, 282 John Moschus: 69, 86,180,186, 215 John the Almsgiver: 86,180,189, Felix IV, Pope 72 195 215
Julian, Empreror: 41, 65-67, 82, 88-89, 261 folk motifs, folklore: 17,141,168, Julian of Halicarnassus: 130, 282, Febronia, Saint: 90, 92, 275 176, 219-20 Galen, Galenic: 30-31, 33, 246, 248, 257-58, 266, 274-75 genre, hagiography 14, 43—48, 284 lamp-oil, wax, kerote, as miraculous medicine: 53, 92, 95, 116,118,120,123-25,146-47,198, 231, 286 55-56, 79,176,198, 254, 285 George of Picida 248 Lebadea: 22, 289 Gesius: 163, 211, 256-57, 270 Lebena: 108-09,114,169, 219, 242 Gospel: 14,16, 54,142,170
INDEX Libanius: 66-67 Pergamon: 27-28, 30-31, 36, 50, libelli miraculorum: 14,51, 210 64-65,151,169, 251, 263 Pheremma: 68-70, 79, 203-04 Maxentius, basilica of: 72-73 philoponoi: 163, 207 Menas, Saint: 52, 57, 78, 80,100-01, Ploutos, of Aristophanes: 26, 252. pollution, miasma: 247, 263-65 103,115,118,121,156, 212, 215, 239, 157 Menouthis (Abukyr) : 54, 80-85, 87,101,118,131,164,169,171-73, 180, 211, 233, 290 Michael (archangel), as incubation healer: 79, 97-98 Monophysite: 58, 79, 82, 87, 99,101, 186,189, 209-10, 212, 273, 278, 280, 282-84 Moses: 40, 241, 257, 275 Muslim (Islam) incubation: 11-12 Neilos of Ancyra: 249 Nestorius, Nestorian: 99, 280-81, propaganda, theological: 15,17-18, 87, 93,140,177,134,166, 278, 280, 284-85 psychosomatic: 26, 35 purity, purification (ritual): 11, 26-27, 34, 264-65 Romanos the Melodist: 146 sacrifice: 11, 26-27, 39, 64,110, 233, 264 salvation: 54, 207, 245, 249, 256, 270 Santa Maria Antiqua (church in Rome): 73, 85, 92,193 284 New Testament, miracles in: 18, 36, Sarpedonius: 50, 60-63,143,151, 201-02, 267-69, 271 53, no New Testament studies: 16, Seleucia: 57-59, 61-63,135,144,153, 172-73,179,180,182-83,189-95, 200, 202, 225, 271-72, 278 140-41,171 offering (thanksgiving gift): 44, 75,108,110,115-16,120,133,143, 147-48, 233-34 Old Testament: 141,169, 238, 245-46, 265, 272 Oribasius: 65, 261, 274 Oropos: 22,108,112 Orthodox Oxeia, quarter of Constantinople: 90-91,165,168,172,195 paideia: 17, 63, 84,189,196, 261 pannychis (all-night vigil): 92-94, 116,145-48,155,157-58,165, 187-89,195, 279 Paul, Saint: 40, 57, 72,120,195 Serapis,
Serapeion: 22, 36, 39, 44,48, 50, 70, 80-81, 87, 98,178, 215, 241, 261 Soter, Saviour: 25, 32-33, 36, 61, 64-65, 98,130, 247, 256, 283 stelai confession stelai: 48,113-14, 265 of Epidaurus (incl. lamata)·. 25-26, 28, 43, 48-49, 51,107, 109-10,112-14,117,120,135-36, 140,142,169,171,193-94, 232, 264 surgery, in miracles: 29-30,127, 249, 254, 256, 260, 265 Symeon Sty lite the Younger, Saint: 27,123,132-33, 230, 275 З27
328 INDEX Theodore of Sykeon, Saint: 126, 132, 249, 292 Theodoret (of Cyrrhus): 70, 88, 99, 111,189, 280 Theophilus (patriarch of Alexandria) : 81, 83 Therapon, Saint: 55, 94-95,114,187 Tiber Island: 29,38, 43,109,169 tomb of Asclepius: 40 Tricca: 24 Trophonius: 22, 24, 27, 40,179, 289 votives, exvotos: 15, 22, 25, 31,43-44, 48-50, 88, 92,107-18, 121,133,135-36,147,150,161,171, 209, 211, 213, 229, 260, 291 anatomical:io8-o9,111-12 commemorative: 133-34,136,161 invocational: 110-11,120,133 Zeus: 24, 33, 39,113,151 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Csepregi, Ildikó 1975- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1211599485 |
| author_facet | Csepregi, Ildikó 1975- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Csepregi, Ildikó 1975- |
| author_variant | i c ic |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV049776975 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1446259332 (DE-599)OBVAC17225591 |
| format | Book |
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| series | Cultural encounters in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages |
| series2 | Cultural encounters in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages |
| spelling | Csepregi, Ildikó 1975- Verfasser (DE-588)1211599485 aut Incubation in early Byzantium the formation of Christian incubation cults and miracle collections Ildikó Csepregi Turnhout, Belgium Brepols [2024] 328 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Cultural encounters in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages volume 41 "Incubation (temple sleep) was a well-known ritual in the Near East and became increasingly popular in Classical and Hellenistic Greece, becoming attached to Asclepius and other divinities. It flourished in the Eastern Mediterranean, where it was encountered by the emergent Christianity. Temple sleep was so widespread that it was impossible to ban. The Christianization of the incubation ritual was thus a detailed and lengthy (but successful) process that encompassed several aspects of the Church’s self-definition, including important social and theological issues of the era. The list of relevant issues is extensive: the fate of Greek temples and the reinterpretation of sacred space, confronting Hippocratic medicine, and the learned Greek intelligentsia. Since disease and a search for cure is a ubiquitous human need, the early Church embraced a healing ministry, in secular terms as well as in ritual healing. Incubation records show how the Church viewed dreams, conversion, or the notions of magic and divination. All these come within the framework of writing miracles: the transformation of the cult was thus incorporated into standard Church discourse, from ritual practice to proper literary genres. This first comprehensive monograph on Christian incubation examines the rich material of all the relevant Greek miracle collections: those of Saint Thecla, Cyrus and John, the different versions of Saint Cosmas and Damian and saint Artemios, as well as the minor incubation saints, As a result, it unfolds the transformation of healing sites and practices related to dreams as they spread across Byzantium, from rural Asia Minor to Constantinople and Alexandria." Christentum (DE-588)4010074-1 gnd rswk-swf Inkubation Religion (DE-588)4161767-8 gnd rswk-swf Byzantinisches Reich (DE-588)4009256-2 gnd rswk-swf Traum, Vision (DE-2581)TH000006359 gbd Byzantinische Literatur (DE-2581)TH000005767 gbd Schlafen & Wachen (DE-2581)TH000006254 gbd Byzantinisches Reich (DE-588)4009256-2 g Christentum (DE-588)4010074-1 s Inkubation Religion (DE-588)4161767-8 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-2-503-60661-3 Cultural encounters in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages volume 41 (DE-604)BV017267097 41 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035118026&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035118026&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035118026&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Csepregi, Ildikó 1975- Incubation in early Byzantium the formation of Christian incubation cults and miracle collections Cultural encounters in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages Christentum (DE-588)4010074-1 gnd Inkubation Religion (DE-588)4161767-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4010074-1 (DE-588)4161767-8 (DE-588)4009256-2 |
| title | Incubation in early Byzantium the formation of Christian incubation cults and miracle collections |
| title_auth | Incubation in early Byzantium the formation of Christian incubation cults and miracle collections |
| title_exact_search | Incubation in early Byzantium the formation of Christian incubation cults and miracle collections |
| title_full | Incubation in early Byzantium the formation of Christian incubation cults and miracle collections Ildikó Csepregi |
| title_fullStr | Incubation in early Byzantium the formation of Christian incubation cults and miracle collections Ildikó Csepregi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Incubation in early Byzantium the formation of Christian incubation cults and miracle collections Ildikó Csepregi |
| title_short | Incubation in early Byzantium |
| title_sort | incubation in early byzantium the formation of christian incubation cults and miracle collections |
| title_sub | the formation of Christian incubation cults and miracle collections |
| topic | Christentum (DE-588)4010074-1 gnd Inkubation Religion (DE-588)4161767-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Christentum Inkubation Religion Byzantinisches Reich |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035118026&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035118026&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035118026&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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