Verfügbarkeit: Russia's Turkish wars

Russia's Turkish wars: the Tsarist army and the Balkan peoples in the nineteenth century

"Russia's Turkish Wars examines the changing place of the Balkan population in Russian military thought, strategic planning, and occupation policies. It reveals that choices made by the tsarist strategists and commanders during the Russian-Ottoman wars, reflecting a general reconceptualiza...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser:	Taki, Viktor Valentinovič 1979- (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	Toronto ; Buffalo ; London University of Toronto Press [2024]
Schlagworte:	Russisch-Türkischer Krieg > 1877-1878 Russisch-Türkischer Krieg > 1828-1829 Russisch-Türkischer Krieg > 1806-1812 Krimkrieg Militär Bevölkerung Balkan Russland Russo-Turkish Wars, 1676-1878 Russia / Armii͡a / Public relations / History / 19th century Civil-military relations / Balkan Peninsula / History / 19th century Balkan Peninsula / Population / History / 19th century Russia / Military policy / 19th century Guerres russo-turques, 1676-1878 Relations pouvoir civil-pouvoir militaire / Balkans / Histoire / 19e siècle Balkans / Population / Histoire / 19e siècle Russia / Armii͡a Civil-military relations Military policy Population Public relations Balkan Peninsula Russia 1676-1899 History
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register
Zusammenfassung:	"Russia's Turkish Wars examines the changing place of the Balkan population in Russian military thought, strategic planning, and occupation policies. It reveals that choices made by the tsarist strategists and commanders during the Russian-Ottoman wars, reflecting a general reconceptualization of the role of "the people" in modern warfare that took place during the nineteenth century. The book explores the tsarist military's engagement with the population of the Balkans in the wake of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. It draws on previously unpublished materials from Russian archives as well as a broad range of published primary sources. Victor Taki relates the discussions among Russian military men to the international relations of the nineteenth century. Russia's Turkish Wars ultimately provides a new perspective on both Imperial Russia's Balkan entanglements and military change in the nineteenth century."--
Beschreibung:	xii, 306 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten 24 cm
ISBN:	9781487501631

Internformat

MARC


LEADER	00000nam a2200000 c 4500
001	BV049682408
003	DE-604
005	20240816
007	t
008	240513s2024 a\|\|\| \|\|\|\| 00\|\|\| eng d
020			\|a 9781487501631 \|c hbk \|9 978-1-4875-0163-1
035			\|a (OCoLC)1443580159
035			\|a (DE-599)BVBBV049682408
040			\|a DE-604 \|b ger \|e rda
041	0		\|a eng
049			\|a DE-12
084			\|a OST \|q DE-12 \|2 fid
100	1		\|a Taki, Viktor Valentinovič \|d 1979- \|e Verfasser \|0 (DE-588)1026456673 \|4 aut
245	1	0	\|a Russia's Turkish wars \|b the Tsarist army and the Balkan peoples in the nineteenth century \|c Victor Taki
264		1	\|a Toronto ; Buffalo ; London \|b University of Toronto Press \|c [2024]
300			\|a xii, 306 Seiten \|b Illustrationen, Karten \|c 24 cm
336			\|b txt \|2 rdacontent
337			\|b n \|2 rdamedia
338			\|b nc \|2 rdacarrier
520	3		\|a "Russia's Turkish Wars examines the changing place of the Balkan population in Russian military thought, strategic planning, and occupation policies. It reveals that choices made by the tsarist strategists and commanders during the Russian-Ottoman wars, reflecting a general reconceptualization of the role of "the people" in modern warfare that took place during the nineteenth century. The book explores the tsarist military's engagement with the population of the Balkans in the wake of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. It draws on previously unpublished materials from Russian archives as well as a broad range of published primary sources. Victor Taki relates the discussions among Russian military men to the international relations of the nineteenth century. Russia's Turkish Wars ultimately provides a new perspective on both Imperial Russia's Balkan entanglements and military change in the nineteenth century."--
650	0	7	\|a Russisch-Türkischer Krieg \|g 1877-1878 \|0 (DE-588)4206590-2 \|2 gnd \|9 rswk-swf
650	0	7	\|a Russisch-Türkischer Krieg \|g 1828-1829 \|0 (DE-588)4213047-5 \|2 gnd \|9 rswk-swf
650	0	7	\|a Russisch-Türkischer Krieg \|g 1806-1812 \|0 (DE-588)4358757-4 \|2 gnd \|9 rswk-swf
650	0	7	\|a Krimkrieg \|0 (DE-588)4165750-0 \|2 gnd \|9 rswk-swf
650	0	7	\|a Militär \|0 (DE-588)4039305-7 \|2 gnd \|9 rswk-swf
650	0	7	\|a Bevölkerung \|0 (DE-588)4006287-9 \|2 gnd \|9 rswk-swf
651		7	\|a Balkan \|0 (DE-588)4069099-4 \|2 gnd \|9 rswk-swf
651		7	\|a Russland \|0 (DE-588)4076899-5 \|2 gnd \|9 rswk-swf
653		0	\|a Russo-Turkish Wars, 1676-1878
653		2	\|a Russia / Armii͡a / Public relations / History / 19th century
653		0	\|a Civil-military relations / Balkan Peninsula / History / 19th century
653		2	\|a Balkan Peninsula / Population / History / 19th century
653		2	\|a Russia / Military policy / 19th century
653		0	\|a Guerres russo-turques, 1676-1878
653		0	\|a Relations pouvoir civil-pouvoir militaire / Balkans / Histoire / 19e siècle
653		2	\|a Balkans / Population / Histoire / 19e siècle
653		2	\|a Russia / Armii͡a
653		0	\|a Civil-military relations
653		0	\|a Military policy
653		0	\|a Population
653		0	\|a Public relations
653		2	\|a Balkan Peninsula
653		2	\|a Russia
653		4	\|a 1676-1899
653		6	\|a History
689	0	0	\|a Russland \|0 (DE-588)4076899-5 \|D g
689	0	1	\|a Militär \|0 (DE-588)4039305-7 \|D s
689	0	2	\|a Balkan \|0 (DE-588)4069099-4 \|D g
689	0	3	\|a Bevölkerung \|0 (DE-588)4006287-9 \|D s
689	0	4	\|a Russisch-Türkischer Krieg \|g 1806-1812 \|0 (DE-588)4358757-4 \|D s
689	0	5	\|a Russisch-Türkischer Krieg \|g 1828-1829 \|0 (DE-588)4213047-5 \|D s
689	0	6	\|a Krimkrieg \|0 (DE-588)4165750-0 \|D s
689	0	7	\|a Russisch-Türkischer Krieg \|g 1877-1878 \|0 (DE-588)4206590-2 \|D s
689	0		\|5 DE-604
776	0	8	\|i Online version \|a Taki, Viktor \|t Russia's Turkish wars \|d Toronto ; Buffalo ; London : University of Toronto Press, 2024 \|z 978-1-4875-1364-1
856	4	2	\|m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment \|q application/pdf \|u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035025159&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA \|3 Inhaltsverzeichnis
856	4	2	\|m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment \|q application/pdf \|u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035025159&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA \|3 Literaturverzeichnis
856	4	2	\|m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment \|q application/pdf \|u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035025159&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA \|3 Register // Gemischte Register
940	1		\|n oe
940	1		\|q BSB_NED_20240816
942	1	1	\|c 355.009 \|e 22/bsb \|f 09034 \|g 561
942	1	1	\|c 306.09 \|e 22/bsb \|f 09034 \|g 496
942	1	1	\|c 355.009 \|e 22/bsb \|f 09034 \|g 471
943	1		\|a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-035025159

Datensatz im Suchindex

_version_	1815416402457133056
adam_text	Contents List of Maps and Illustrations ix Acknowledgments xi Note on Transliteration and Spelling of Geographical Terms Introduction xiii 3 1 The Eastern Balkan Christians and Muslims in the Early Russian-Ottoman Wars 17 Balkan Auxiliaries and the Politics of Resettlement in the Early RussianOttoman Wars 19 The Intellectual Impact of the War of 1812 25 Early Russian Theorization of Small War and Partisan Action 29 The Russian Military and the Ottoman Empire during the Greek Crisis of the 1820s 34 2 The Russian Army and the Eastern Balkan Population during the War of 1828-1829 42 The Russians and the Population ofDanubian Bulgaria during the Campaign of 1828 45 Policies towards Muslims and Christians after the Crossing of the Balkans 51 The Management of Inter-confessional Relations after the War 59 3 Partisan Warfare and the Statistics of European Turkey: The Case of I.P. Liprandi 68 Liprandi’s Partisan Detachment in 1829 70 Liprandis Writings on Partisan Warfare 74 Between Orientalism and Occidentalism 80 Liprandi and the Crimean War 85 viii Contents 4 Russia and the Balkan Peoples during the Crimean War 93 The Reports of Russian Military Agents in Constantinople on the Eve of the War 97 Nicholas I and the Idea of Raising Russia’s Orthodox Co-religionists 100 Small War and the Planning of the Danubian Campaign of1854 106 Military Operations in Danubian Bulgaria and the Local Population 113 5 The Russian Army and the Ottoman Empire, 1856-1877 118 The Development of Military Statistics in the Post-Crimean Period 119 Criticism of Reform and Pan-Slavism 128 The Eastern Crisis, Russian Perspectives on Islam, and Plans for the Mobilization of Balkan Christians 133 Russian War Planning in 1876-1877 140 6 Russian Population Policies during the War of 1877-1878 149 The Formation of the Russian Provisional Administration in Bulgaria 152 Inter-confessional Violence and Population Dislocations in the Summer and Fall of 1877 158 Inter-confessional and Inter-ethnic Violence in the Concluding Stages of the War 168 San Stefano and the Outline of a New Political Order 174 7 Population Policies after the War 180 The Rhodope Uprising and Muslim Resistance in Other Parts of the Eastern Balkans 185 The Management ofMuslim and Christian Migrations after the War Muslim Service in the Militia and Bulgarian Gymnastic Societies in Eastern Rumelia 200 Conclusion Notes 217 Bibliography Index 210 293 269 194 Bibliography Archival Materials Rossiiskii Gosudarstvennyi Voenno-lstoricheskii Arkhiv (RGVIA) f. VUA (Voenno-uchenyi arkhiv) f. 430 Bolgariia (kollektsiia) f. 439 Serbiia (kollektsiia) f. 450 Turtsiia (kollektsiia) Rossiiskii Gosudarstvennyi Istoricheskii Arkhiv (RGIA) f. 673 I.P. Liprandi f. 797 Kantseliariia Ober-Prokurora Sinoda f. 932 A.M. Dondukov-Korsakov f. 1015 S.N. Palauzov f. 1561 N.P. Ignatiev Nauchno-lssledovatel'skii Otdel Rukopisei Rossiiskoi Gosudarstvennoi Biblioteki (NIORRGB) f. 169 Miliutiny f. 327 Cherkasskie Otdel Rukopisei Rossiiskoi Natsional'noi Biblioteki (OR RNB) f. 14 Bumagi Aksakova 270 Bibliography Published Primary Sources Anuchin, D.G. “Kniaz’ V. A. Cherkasskii i grazhdanskoe upravlenie v Bolgarii, 1877-1878.” Russkaia starina, no. 2 (1895): 1-34; no. 3 (1895): 1-27; no. 4 (1895): 43-54; no. 5 (1895): 1-36; no. 8 (1895): 41-69; no. 9 (1895): 53-104; no. 10 (1895): 1-32; no. 11 (1895): 47-67; no. 12 (1895): 1-50; no. 1 (1896): 55-78; no. 2 (1896): 285-313; no. 3 (1896): 449-70; no. 5 (1896): 225-6; no. 7 (1896): 45-81; no. 8 (1896): 231-54. Barsov, N.S., ed. Tridtsatiletie deitel’nosti Odesskogo Bolgarskogo nastoiatel’stva (1854-84). Odessa: Tipografiia Shtaba okruga, 1895. Berens, A.I. “Kabiliia v 1857 godu.” Voennyi sbornik, no. 5 (1858): 121-72. Benkendorf, A.Kh. “Imperator Nikolai Pervyi v 1828-29 gg.” Russkaia starina, no. 6 (1896): 471-510. Bers, A.A. Vospominaniia opokhode v Turtsiiu v 1877-1878 gg. St. Petersburg: I.V. Leontiev, 1913. Benkrovnyi, L.G., ed. Μ. I. Kutuzov. Sbornik dokumentov i materialov. 5 vols. Moscow: Voenizdat, 1950-55. Chichagov, Μ. “Peredovoi otriad.” Voennyi sbornik, no. 8 (1878): 258-80; no. 9 (1878): 173-89; no. 10 (1878): 325-56. Danilevskii, N.Ia. Rossiia i Evropa. Vzgliad na kuTturno-politicheskie otnosheniia slavianskogo mira к romano-germanskomu. St. Petersburg: Panteleevy, 1888. Danilevskii, Nikolai. Woe to the Victors! The Russo-Turkish War, the Berlin Congress, and the Future of Slavdom. Translated by Stephen Μ. Woodburn. Bloomington, IN: Slavica, 2015. Davydov, D.V. Opyt teorii partizanskogo deistviia. In Sochineniia Davydova, edited by A. Smirdin, 489-640. St. Petersburg: Krasheninnikov, 1848. Depreradovich, F.M. Iz vospominanii о russko-turetskoi vone 1877-78 gg. St. Petersburg: Stasiulevich, 1881. Diugamel, A.O. Avtobiografiia. Moscow: Universitetskaia tipografiia, 1885. Diugamel, A.O. “Avtobiografiia A.O. Diugamelia,” Russkii arkhiv, no. 2 (1885): 179-217; no. 4 (1885): 489-525; no. 5 (1885): 82-126; no. 6 (1885): 222-256; no. 7 (1885): 371-427; no. 10 (1885): 161-224. Diugamel, A.O. “Kratkoe izvlechenie ob Adrianopole i drugikh gorodakh lezhashchikh na voennom puti v Konstantinopol" Kazanskii vestnik, nos. 5-6 (1829): 117-34. Diugamel, A.O. “Statisticheskaiia tablitsa severnoi Rumelii.” In Slavianskoe Vozrozhdenie: Sbornik statei i materialov, edited by S.A. Nikitin, 186-203. Moscow: Nauka, 1966. Diugamel, A.O. Voenno-topograficheskoe opisanie dorog: Ot Shumly do Pravody, cherez Aidas v Burgas i ot Burgasa do Faki. St. Petersburg: General’nyi shtab, 1827. Diugamel, A.O. Voenno-topograficheskoe opisanie dorogi, vedushchei iz Rushchuka cherez Osman-Bazar, Starareku i Slivno v Luleburgas. St. Petersburg: General’nyi shtab, 1827. Bibliography 271 Diugamel, A.O. Voenno-topograficheskoe opisanie dorogi, vedushchei ot Sistova cherez Tyrnovo, Kazan, Karnobat, Faki, der. Gektepe, Vizu i Sarai v Buiuk-Dere. St. Petersburg: General’nyi shtab, 1827. Domontovich, Μ. A., ed. Osoboe pribavlenie к opisaniiu russko-turetskoi voiny 1877-78 gg. na balkanskom poluostrove. 6 vols. St. Petersburg: Voenno-uchebnaia komissiia pri Glavnom Shtabe, 1899-1906. “Dvadtsaf piaf let v leib-gvardii egerskom polku (Iz zapisok starogo egeria)." Voennyi sbornik, no. 2 (1877): 365-410. “Dve zapiski imperatora Nikolaia otnositel’no morskoi ekspeditsii protiv Varny i Burgosa.” Russkaia starina, no. 8 (1876): 677-80. Enegolm, A. Zapiski о gorodakh zabalkanskikh zaniatykh russkimi voiskami v dostopiamiatnuiu kampaniiu 1829 goda. St. Petersburg: Pliushar, 1830. Engelgardt, A.E. Kratkoe nachertanie maloi voiny dlia vsekh rodov oruzhiia. 4 vols. St. Petersburg: Tipografiia voenno-uchebnykh zavedenii, 1850. Fadeev, R.A. “Pis’ma s Kavkaza.” In Gosudarstvennyi poriadok. Rossiia i Kavkaz, 132-334. Moscow: Institut russkoi tsivilizatsii, 2010. Fadeev, R.A. Shest’desiat let Kavkazskoi voiny. Tiflis: Voenno-pokhodnaiia tipografiia Glavnogo shtaba kavkazskoi armii, 1860. Fadeev, R.A. Sobranie sochinenii R. A. Fadeeva. 3 vols. St. Petersburg: V.V. Komarov, 1889-90. Fortunatov, P.K., ed. P. A. Rumiantsev. Dokumenty. 3 vols. Moscow: Voenizdat, 1953-9. Gazenkampf, Μ. A. Moi dnevnik, 1877-78. St. Petersburg: V. Berezovskii, 1908. Girardin, Saint-Marc. Souvenirs de voyages et d’études. 3 vols. Brussels: Delavigne et Callewaert, 1852-3. Golubov, S.N., and EE. Kuznetsov, eds. General Bagration. Sbornik dokumentov i materialov. Moscow: Gospolitizdat, 1945. Grabbe, P.Kh. Zapisnaia knizhka. Moscow: Volchaninov, 1888. Ignatiev, N.P. Vzgliad na postepennoe izmenenie v obraze deistvii russkikh voisk protiv turok. St. Petersburg: Veimar, 1852. Kisov, S.I. Iz boevoi pokhodnoi zhizni. Translated by Μ. Goriunin. Sofia: Pridvornaia pechatnia brafev Proshek, 1903. Kostenko, L.F. Puteshestvie v Severnuiu Afriku. St. Petersburg: A. Transhel, 1876. Kryzhanovskaia, K.P., and E.M. Russev, eds. Istoriia Moldavii: Dokumenty i materialy. Kishinev: Akademia Nauk MSSR, 1957. Kupreianov, P.Ia. “Deistviia pravodskogo otriada v 1828-29 godakh.” Voennyi sbornik, no. 2 (1875): 159-90; no. 3 (1875): 5-53. Kuropatkin, A.N. Alzhiriia. St. Petersburg: V.A. Poletika, 1877. Kuropatkin, A.N. "Ocherki Alzhirii (Stat’ia pervaia). Verbliuzhii oboz.” Voennyi sbornik, no. 2 (1875): 273-97. Längeren [Louis Alexandre Andrault], “Projet d’une guerre offensive des Russes contre les Turcs présenté à l’Empereur Nicholas 1er en 1826.” In vol. 3 of Documente privitoare la istoria românilor: Suplement 1,65-70. Bucharest: Socecu, 1886-95. 272 Bibliography Lanzheron, A.F. “Zapiski grafa Lanzherona. Voina s Turtsiei 1806-1812 gg.” Russkaia starina, no. 5 (1907): 432-48; no. 6 (1907): 577-615; no. 7 (1907): 69-100; no. 8 (1907): 311-29; no. 9 (1907): 563-83; no. 10 (1907): 153-63; no. 11 (1907): 427-37; no. 2 (1908): 477-89; no. 3 (1908): 711-26; no. 4 (1908): 225-40; no. 6 (1908): 661-96; no. 7 (1908): 159-209; no. 8 (1908): 401-28; no. 9 (1908): 661-72; no. 10 (1908): 267-88; no. 11 (1908): 511-29; no. 6 (1909): 535-90; no. 7 (1909): 163-206; no. 8 (1909): 379—96; no. 9 (1909): 411-31; no. 7 (1910): 167-82; no. 8 (1910): 341-61; no. 9 (1910): 527-46; no. 10 (1910): 211-30; no. 7 (1911): 121-46. Lavrentiev, A.V. “Ocherki vooruzhennykh sil evropeiskikh gosudarstv. Turtsiia.” Voennyi sbornik 23, no. 2 (1862): 283-327. Lavrentiev, A.V. “Po Nizhnemu Dunaiu.” Voennyi sbornik, no. 10 (1871): 207-31. Liprandi, I.P. “Bolgariia i Vostochnyi vopros.” Chteniia v imperatorskom obshchestve istorii i drevnostei rossiiskikh, no. 1 (1868): 1-139. Liprandi, I.P. “Bolgariia. Iz zapisok I. P. Liprandi.” Chteniia v imperatorskom obshchestve istorii i drevnostei rossiiskikh, no. 1 (1877): 1-60. Liprandi, I.P. “Kratkii ocherk etnograficheskogo, politicheskogo, nravstvennogo i voennogo sostoianiia khristianskikh oblastei Turetskoi imperii. Pridunaiskie kniazhestva.” Chteniia v imperatorskom obshchestve istorii i drevnostei rossiiskikh, no. 4 (1876): 1-14. Liprandi, I.P. “Kratkoe obozrenie Kniazhestv Moldavii i Valakhii, ot obrazovaniia onykh v Kniazhestva do poloviny 1831 goda.” Chteniia v imperatorskom obshchestve istorii i drevnostei rossiiskikh, no. 4 (1861): 125-56. Liprandi, I.P. “Nastoiashchee sostoianie turetskoi armii i predpolagaemaia vysadka soiuznykh voisk.” Chteniia v imperatorskom obshchestve istorii i drevnostei rossiiskikh, no. 3 (1877): 32-52. Liprandi, I.P. Nekotorye zamechaniia popovodu dvukh sochineii, vyshedshikh pod zaglaviem “Malaia voina.” St. Petersburg: Ministerstvo vnutrennikh del, 1851. Liprandi, I.P. Obozrenie prostranstva sluzhivshego teatrom voiny Rossii s Turtsieiu s 1806 po 1812 g. St. Petersburg: General’nyi shtab, 1854. Liprandi, I.P. "Obshchie sveden’ia о Evropeiskoi Turtsii.” Chteniia v imperatorskom obshchestve istorii i drevnostei rossiiskikh, no. 4 (1876): 16-44. Liprandi, LP. Okhranitel’nye mery turetskikh lageret, izveshchatel’nyepartit i t. p. St. Petersburg: Voennaia tipografiia, 1854. Liprandi, I.P. Osady turetskikh krepostei. St. Petersburg: Voennaia tipografiia, 1855. Liprandi, I.P. "Otryvok iz knigi: Nekotorye zamechaniia po povodu dvukh sochinenii, vyshedshikhpodzaglaviem ‘Malaia Voina”' In Osobennosti voin s turkami, 7-42. St. Petersburg: Fomin, 1877. Liprandi, I.P. “Puti v Bolgarii. Zamechaniia na etapy, gospitali i transport.” Chteniia v imperatorskom obshchestve istorii i drevnostei rossiiskikh, no. 3 (1877): 27-31. Liprandi, I.P. “Sredstva, kotorye mozhet naiti nasha armiia v Bolgarii pri sobliudenii mestnykh uslovii.” Chteniia v imperatorskom obshchestve istorii i drevnostei rossiiskikh, no. 3 (1877): 12-26. Bibliography 273 Liprandi, I.P. “Vazhnost’ imet’ polozhitel'nye svedeniia о proiskhodiashchem na pravom beregu Dunaia i о tainykh kozniakh v kniazhestvakh; s ukazaniem na edinstvennye sredstva к dostizheniiu togo v polnom obeme vysshei tainoi zagranichnoi politsii.” Chteniia v imperatorskom obshchestve istorii i drevnostei rossiiskikh, no. 3 (1877): 53-80. Liprandi, I.P. Vzaimnoe deistvie pekhoty, konnitsy i artilerii и turok. St. Petersburg: Voennaia tipografiia, 1854. Liprandi, LP. “Vzgliad na nastoiashchii teatr voennykh deistvii na Dunae i na sodeistvie, kotoroe mozhem vstretit’ v Bolgarii." Chteniia v imperatorskom obshchestve istorii i drevnostei rossiiskikh, no. 3 (1877): 1-11. Maksheev, A.I. “Geograficheskie, etnograficheskie i statisticheskie materialy о Turkestanskom krae.” Zapiski Russkogo geograficheskogo obshchestva, no. 2 (1871): 1-60. Maksheev, A.I. “Ocherk sovremennogo sostoianiia Alzhirii." Vestnik Russkogo geograficheskogo obshchestva, no. 3 (1860): 13-50. Maksheev, A.I. "Opisanie Aral'skogo moria.” Zapiski Russkogo geograficheskogo obshchestva, no. 5 (1851): 30-61. Materialy dlia izucheniia Bolgarii. 5 vols. Bucharest: Stara Planina, 1877. Mikhailovskii-Danilevskii, A.I. Opisanie finliandskoi voiny na sushe i na more, 1808-09. St. Petersburg: Shtab otdel'nogo korpusa vnutrennei strazhi, 1841. Mikhailovskii-Danilevskii, A.I. Opisanie Otechestvennoi voiny v 1812 godu. St. Petersburg: Voennaia tipografiia, 1839. Mikhailovskii-Danilevskii, A.I. Opisanie turetskoi voiny s 1806po 1812god. Vol. 3 of Polnoe sobranie sochinenii. St. Petersburg: Shtab otdel’nogo korpusa vnutrennei strazhi, 1849-50. Mikhailovskii-Danilevskii, A.I. Russo-Turkish War of 1806-1812. 2 vols. Translated, edited, and annotated by Alexander Mikaberidze. West Chester, OH: Nafziger Collection, 2002. Mikhailovskii-Danilevskii, A.I. "Zapiski A. I Mikhailovskogo-Danilevskogo. 1812 god.” Istoricheskii vestnik 42, no. 10 (1890): 130-69. Miliutin, D.A. Dnevnik D. A. Miliutina 1873-1875. Edited by P.A. Zaionchkovskii. 4 vols. Moscow: Gosudarstvennaia biblioteka SSSR, Otdel rukopisei, 1947-50. Miliutin, D.A. “Kriticheskoe issledovanie znacheniia voennoi geografii i voennoi statistiki.” Voennyi zhurnal, no. 1 (1846): 124-93. Miliutin, D.A. Opisanie voennykh deistvii 1839goda v Severnom Dagestane. St. Petersburg: Tipografiia voenno-uchebnykh zavedenii, 1850 Miliutin, D.A. Pervye opyty voennoi statistiki. 2 vols. St. Petersburg: Tipografiia voennouchebnykh zavedenii, 1847-8. “Mysli kniazia Varshavskogo о pol’ze uchrezhdeniia khristianskikh opolchenii iz serbov, bolgar i obitatelei dunaiskikh kniazhestv.” Russkaia starina, no. 8 (1876): 684-7. Narochnitskii, A.L., ed. Vneshniaia politika Rossii XIX i nachala XX veka. 16 vols. Moscow: Politizdat, Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniia, 1960-95. Neale, Edward. “The Province of Bulgaria.” Social Science Review, no. 3 (1865): 138-50. 274 Bibliography Nemirovich-Danchenko, V.I. God voiny (Dnevnik russkago korrespondenta). 2 vols. St. Petersburg: Novoe vremia, 1878. Nemirovich-Danchenko, V.I. Posle voiny. Ocherki i vpechatleniia russkago korrespondenta v osvobozhdennoi Bolgarii. St. Petersburg: E.P. Kekhribardzhi, 1880. Nikitin, S.A., V.D. Konobeev, Al.K. Brumov, and N.T. Todorov, eds. Osvobozhdenie Bolgarii ot turetskogo iga. 3 vols. Moscow: Nauka, 1961-7. “Novyi plan kompanii nachertannyi sobstvennoruchno Nikolaem Pavlovichem." Russkaia starina, no. 10 (1876): 358-61. Obruchev, N.N., ed. Voenno-statisticheskii sbornik na 1868 g. Vol. 2. St. Petersburg: Voennaia tipografiia, 1868. Otetea, Andrei, ed. Documente privind istoria Rominiei. Rascoala din 1821. Vol. 5. Bucharest: Editura Academiei Republicii Populäre Romine, 1962. "Otryvok iz pokhodnykh zapisok 1828 goda.” Zhurnal dlia chteniia vospitannikov voenno-uchebnykh zavedenii 66, no. 261 (1847): 3-52. Ovsianyi, N.R. Bolgarskoe opolchenie i zemskoe voisko. К istorii grazhdanskogo upravleniia i okkupatsii Bolgarii, v 1877-78-79gg. St. Petersburg: Khudozhestvennaia pechat’, 1904. Ovsianyi, N.R., ed. Russkoe upravlenie v Bolgarii. 3 vols. St. Petersburg: Khudozhestvennaia pechat’, 1906-7. Ovsianyi, N.R., ed. Sobornik materialovpo grazhdanskomu upravleniiu i okkupatsii v Bolgarii v 1877,1878,1879gg. 6 vols. St. Petersburg: Khudozhestvennaia pechat’, 1903-6. Parensov, P.D. Izproshlogo. Vospominaniia. Part 4. St. Petersburg: Berezovskii, 1908. Paskevich, I.F. “Mysli о plane voennykh deistvii.” 29 December 1853. Russkaia starina, no. 1 (1876): 181-91. Pogodin, Mikhail. Istoriko-politicheskie pis’ma i zapiski vprodolzhenie Krymskoi voiny, 1853-1856. Moscow: VM. Frish, 1874. “Predpolozheniia imperatora Nikolaia otnositel’no morskoi ekspeditsii v Bosfor i Tsar’grad.” Russkaia starina, no. 8 (1876): 675-6. “Predpolozheniia imperatora Nikolaia Pavlovicha otnositel’no voennykh deistvii na sluchai razryva s Turtsiei.” May 1853. Russkaia starina, no. 8 (1876): 687-8. “Predpolozheniia imperatora Nikolaia Pavlovicha о voennykh deistviiakh protiv turok na 1854 god.” November 1853. Russkaia starina, no. 8 (1876): 705-8. “Predpolozheniia kniazia M.D. Gorchakova о voennykh deistviiakh v Evropeiski Turtsii.” 21 November 1853. Russkaia starina, no. 9 (1876): 150-61. “Prikaz generala Lidersa pri perehode cherez Dunai.” 11 March 1854. Russkaia starina, no. 12 (1876): 826. Pushkin, A.N. Kratkie izvlecheniia ob obrazovanii voisk v Evrope i ob uspekhakh ognestrel’nogo iskusstva. St. Petersburg: Tipografiia imperatorskogo vospitatel’nogo doma, 1824. Pushkin, A.N. Ό vliianii voennykh nauk na obraz voiny v Evrope.” Sorevnovatel’ prosveshcheniia i blagotvoreniia, no. 30 (1825): 225-98. Pushkin, A.N. “Vzgliad na voennoe iskusstvo drevnikh do izobreteniia ognestrel’nogo oruzhiia.” Sorevnovatel'prosveshcheniia i blagotvoreniia, no. 24 (1823): 57-85, 169-201. Bibliography 275 Pushkin, A.N. “Vzgliad na voennoe sostoianie Turetskoi imperii.” Syn Otechestva 107, no. 9 (1826): 74-90; no. 10 (1826): 173-91; no. 11 (1826): 264-74. Pushkin, A.N. Zapiski о voennom ukreplenii dlia upotrebleniia polevykh ofitserov. 2 parts. St. Petersburg: Tipografiia Ministerstva vnutrennikh del, 1827. Rachinskii, A.V. Pokhodnye pis’ma opolchentsa izluzhnoi Bessarabii (1855-1856 g). Moscow: Avgust Semen, 1858. Rynkevich, E.E. “Zapiski о Bolgarskom opolchenii.” Voennyi sbornik, no. 4 (1902): 55-96. Salaheddin Bey, ed. La Turquie à l’exposition universelle de 1867. Paris: Hachette, 1867. Sbornik materialov po russko-turetskoi voine na Balkanskom poluostrove. 98 vols. St. Peterburg: Voennaia tipografiia, 1898-1911. Shilder, N.K. “Plevnenskoe sidenie. 1877 g.” Russkaia starina, no. 7 (1886): 213-42. Sobolev, L.N., “Narodonaselenie Bolgarii.” In Materialy dlia izucheniia Bolgarii, 3:1-13. Tott, François de. Memoirs ofBaron de Tott. 2 vols. London: G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1786. Tiutchev, EI. “Papstvo i rimskii vopros s russkoi tochki zreniia.” Russkii arkhiv, no. 5 (1886): 33-51. Tiutchev, EL “Rossiia i revoliutsiia.” Russkii arkhiv, no. 5 (1873): 895-932. Tuchkov, P.A. Voenno-topograficheskoie opisanie dorog: Ot Eski-Stambula cherez Osmanpazar, Kazan, Slivno, Yambol’ do Adrianopolia, i ot onogo v Kirklissii, v Faki i v Liuleburgas. St. Petersburg: General’nyi Shtab, 1827. Tuchkov, S.A. “Zapiski S.A. Tuchkova.” Russkii vestnik, no. 8 (1906): 347-83. Ubicini, A. L’État présent de l’Empire Ottomane. Paris: J. Dumaine, 1876. Ushakov, N.I. “Zapiski ochevidtsa о voine protiv Turtsii i Zapadnykh derzhav.” In vol. 2 of Deviatnadtsatyi vek. Istoricheskii sbornik, edited by P.I. Bartenev, 1-242. Moscow: Grechov i Ko., 1872. Verigin, A.I. Voenno-topograficheskoe opisanie dorog: Otgor. Turtukaia cherez g. Karnobat, Faki, Kirklissi, Liuleburgas, Chorlu i Silivriiu do mes. KuchukChekmendzhe. St. Petersburg: General’nyi shtab, 1827. Verigin, A.I. Voenno-topograficheskoe opisanie dorogi: Otgor. Tyrnova cherez m. Grabova, g. Kazanlyk i Eski-Saaru v Adrianopol’. St. Petersburg: General’nyi shtab, 1827. Voenno-statisticheskoe obozrenie gosudarstv i zemel’prilezhashchikh к Rossiiskoi imperii. Kniazhestvo Moldaviia. St. Petersburg: General’nyi shtab, 1855. Voenno-statisticheskoe obozrenie Rossiiskoi imperii. 17 vols. St. Petersburg: General’nyi shtab, 1848-58. Voenno-topograficheskoe opisanie beregovoi dorogi Chernogo moria, ot kreposti Tul’chi cherez Babadag, Mangaliiu, Varnu, Burgas, Midiiu v Konstantinopol’. St. Petersburg: General’nyi shtab, 1822. Voenno-topograficheskoe opisanie dorogi izgoroda Galatsa chrez Pravadi v Lule-Burgaz, lezhashchii po doroge iz Adrianopolia v Konstantinopol’. St. Petersburg: General’nyi shtab, 1822. 276 Bibliography Voenno-topograficheskoe opisanie dorogi iz Zhurzhi i Rushchuka cherez Shumlu v Konstantinopol’. St. Petersburg: General’nyi shtab, 1821. Vronchenko, M.P. Obozrenie Maloi Azii v nyneshnem ее sostoianii. 2 vols. St Petersburg: Krai, 1839-40. “Vsepoddaneishaia zapiska kniazia Paskevicha.” 11 September 1853. Russkaia starina, no. 8 (1876): 689-97. “Vsepoddaneishaia zapiska kniazia Paskevicha.” 24 September 1853. Russkaia starina, no. 8 (1876): 698-702. “Vsepoddaneishaia zapiska kniazia Varshavskogo о turetskikh delakh.” 24 March 1853. Russkaia starina, no. 8 (1876): 681-4. Vuich, I.V. Malaia voina. St. Petersburg: Prats, 1850. Zotov, P.D. "Voina 1877 g.” Russkaia starina 49, no. 1 (1886): 213-40; no. 2 (1886): 425-50. Secondary Sources Adamovsky, Ezequiel. Euro-Orientalism: Liberal Ideology and the Image of Russia in France, 1740-1880. Bern: Peter Lang, 2006. Agachi, Alexei. “Moldova çi Tara Româneascâ sub ocupatia militarä rusä, 1806-1812.” PhD diss., Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Moldova, Institute of History, 2003. Airapetov, O.R. Zabytaia kar’era “russkogo MoTtke”: Nikilai Nikolaevich Obruchev (1830-1804). St. Petersburg: Aleteia, 1998. Aksan, Virginia. The Ottomans, 1700-1923: An Empire Besieged. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2022. Allen, W.E.D., and Paul Muratoff. Caucasian Battlefields: A History of the Wars on the Turco-Caucasian Border, 1828-1921. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1953. Anscombe, Frederick F. “Albanians and ‘Mountain Bandits.”’ In The Ottoman Balkans, 1750-1830, edited by Frederick F. Anscombe, 87-113. Princeton, NJ: Markus Wiener Publishers, 2006. Anscombe, Frederick F. State, Faith, and Nation in Ottoman and Post-Ottoman Lands. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014. Antov, Nikolay. The Ottoman “Wild West”: The Balkan Frontier in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017. Apostolov, Mario. “The Pomaks: A Religious Minority in the Balkans.” Nationalities Papers 24, no. 4 (1996): 727-42. Arsh, G.L. Eteristskoe dvizhenie vRossii. Moscow: Nauka, 1970. Arsh, G.L. Rossiia i bor’ba Gretsii za osvobozhdenie: Ot Ekateriny II do Nikolaia I. Moscow: Indrik, 2013. Arsh, G.L., ed. Russko-Turetskaia voina 1877-1878 gg. i Balkany. Moscow: Nauka, 1978. Atkin, Muriel. “Russian Expansion in the Caucasus to 1813.” In Russian Colonial Expansion to 1917, edited by Michael Rywkin, 139-87. London: Mansell, 1988. Bibliography 277 Aust, Martin, Rikarda Vulpius, and Aleksei Miller, eds. Imperium inter pares: Ro! transferov V istorii Rossiiskoi imperii (1700-1917). Moscow: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2010. Aydin, Cemil. The Idea of the Muslim World: A Global Intellectual History. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2017. Badem, Candan. The Ottoman Crimean War, 1853-1856. Leiden: Brill, 2010. Bakhturina, A.Iu. Politika Rossiiskoi Imperii v Vostochnoi Galitsii vgodyPervoi Mirovoi Voiny. Moscow: AIRO-XX, 2000. Barkey, Karen. Bandits and Bureaucrats: The Ottoman Route to State Centralization. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1996. Barrett, Thomas Μ. At the Edge of Empire: Terek Cossacks and the North Caucasus Frontier, 1700-1860. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2000. Barrett, Thomas Μ. “The Lines of Uncertainty: The Frontiers of the Northern Caucasus.” Slavic Review 54, no. 3 (1995): 578-601. Barry, Quintin. War in the East: A Military History of the Russo-Turkish War 1877-78. London: Helion, 2012. Baskhanov, M.K. Russkie voennye vostokovedy do 1917: Biobibliograficheskii slovar. Moscow: Vostochnaia literatura, 2005. Baumann, Robert F. “Universal Service Reform.” In Schimmelpenninck van der Oye and Menning, Reforming the Tsars Army, 11-33. Becker, Seymour. Russia’s Protectorates in Central Asia: Bukhara and Khiva, 1865-1924. London: Routledge, 2004. Bell, Daniel A. The First Total War: Napoleons Europe and the Birth of Warfare as We Know It. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 2007. Bennigsen Broxup, Marie, ed. The North Caucasus Barrier: The Russian Advance towards the Muslim World. London: Hurst, 1992. Berindei, Dan. L’Année révolutionnaire 1821 dans les Pays roumains. Bucharest: I Académie de la République Socialiste de Roumaine, 1973. Bernshtein, S.B. “Stranitsa iz istorii bolgarskoi immigratsii v Rossiiu vo vremia russkoturetskoi voiny 1828-29 gg.” Uchenye zapiski Instituta slavianovedeniia, no. 1 (1949): 327-42. Best, Geoffrey. War and Society in Revolutionary Europe, 1770-1870. Montreal: McGill-Queens University Press, 1998. Biondich, Mark. The Balkans: Revolution, War, and Political Violence. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011. Bitis, Alexander. “The 1828-1829 Russo-Turkish War and the Resettlement of Balkan Peoples into Novorossiia.” Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas, Neue Folge, 53, no. 4 (2005): 506-25. Bitis, Alexander. Russia and the Eastern Question: Army, Government, and Society, 1815-1833. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. Bitis, Alexander. “The Russian Army’s Use of Balkan Irregulars during the 1828-1829 Russo-Turkish War.” Jahrbücherfür Geschichte Osteuropas, Neue Folge, 50, no. 4 (2002): 537-57. 278 Bibliography Black, C.E. The Establishment of Constitutional Government in Bulgaria. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1943. Bobrovnikov, Vladimir. “Russkii Kavkaz i frantsuzskii Alzhir: Sluchainoe skhodstvo ili obmen opytom kolonial’nogo stroitel'stva?" In Aust, Vul’pius, and Miller, Imperium inter pares, 182-209. Moscow: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2010. Bobrovnikov, V.O., and I.L. Babich, eds. Severnyi Kavkaz v sostave Rossiiskoi imperii. Moscow: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2007. Bozherianov, LN. Graf Egor Frantsevich Kankrin. St. Petersburg: Obshchestvennaia pol’za, 1897. Braude, Benjamin, and Bernard Lewis. Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire: The Functioning of a Plural Society. New York: Holmes Meier, 1982. Bromlei, lu.V., ed. Slaviane i Rossiia: К 70-letiu so dnia rozhdeniia S.A. Nikitina. Moscow. Akademiia nauk SSSR, 1972. Brooks, Willis. “Russia’s Conquest and Pacification of the Caucuses: Relocation Becomes Pogrom in the Post-Crimean Period.” Nationalities Papers 23, no. 4 (1995): 675-86. Buruma, Ian, and Avishai Margalit. Occidentalism: A Short History ofAnti-Westernism. London: Atlantic Books, 2004. Cadot, Michel. La Russie dans la vie intellectuelle française (1839-1856). Paris: Fayard, 1967. Caquet, P.E. The Orient, the Liberal Movement, and the Eastern Crisis of 1839-41. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016. Carrier, James G., ed. Occidentalism: Images of the West. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995. Chandler, David. The Art of Warfare in the Age of Marlborough. New York: Sarpedon, 1995. Childs, John. Armies and Warfare in Europe, 1648-1789. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1982. Childs, John. Warfare in the Seventeenth Century. London: Cassell, 2001. Ciachir, Nicolae. Râzboiul pentru independent României in contextul european (18751878). Bucharest: Editura Stiintificä ^i Enciclopedicä, 1977. Corbet, Charles. Eopinion française face à l’inconnue russe (1799-1894). Paris: Didier, 1967. Corman, Ion. România in râzboiul de independent: 1877-1878. Bucharest: Editura militarä, 1977. Corvisier, Andre. Armies and Societies in Europe, 1494-1789. Translated by Abigail T. Siddall. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1978. Crampton, R.J. Bulgaria. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. Crews, Robert D. For Prophet and Tsar: Islam and Empire in Russia and Central Asia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2006. Curtiss, John Shelton. The Russian Army under Nicholas I. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1965. Bibliography 279 Curtiss, John Shelton. Russia’s Crimean War. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1979. Cusco, Andrei. A Contested Borderland: Competing Russian and Romanian Visions of Bessarabia in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century. Budapest: Central European University Press, 2017. David-Fox, Michael, Peter Holquist, and Alexander Martin, eds. Orientalism and Empire in Russia. Kritika Historical Studies 3. Bloomington, IN: Slavica, 2006. Davies, Brian L. Empire and Military Revolution in Eastern Europe: Russia’s Turkish Wars in the Eighteenth Century. London: Continuum, 2011. Davies, Brian L. The Russo-Turkish War of 1768-1774: Catherine the Great and the Ottoman Empire. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2015. Davies, Brian L. Warfare, State and Society on the Black Sea Steppe, 1500-1700. London: Routledge, 2007. Davison, Roderic H. Reform in the Ottoman Empire, 1856-1876. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1963. Davison, Roderic H. “Russian Skill and Turkish Imbecility’: The Treaty of KuchukKainardji Reconsidered.” Slavic Review 35, no. 3 (1976): 463-83. Davison, Roderic H. “Turkish Attitudes concerning Christian-Muslim Equality in the Nineteenth Century.” In Essays in Ottoman and Turkish History, 1774-1923: The Impact of the West, 112-32. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1990. de Madariaga, Isabel. Russia in the Age of Catherine the Great. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1981. Dixon, Megan. “Repositioning Pushkin and Poems of the Polish Uprising.” In Polish Encounters, Russian Identity, edited by David L. Ransel and Bozena Shallcross, 49-73. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2005. Dostian, I.S. Rossiia i Balkanskii vopros. Iz istorii russko-balkanskikh politicheskikh sviazei pervoi treti XIX veka. Moscow: Nauka, 1972. Dostian, I.S. Russkaia obshchestvennaia mysT i balkanskie narody. Ot Radishcheva do dekabristov. Moscow: Nauka, 1980. Downing, Brian Μ. The Military Revolution and Political Change: Origins of Democracy and Autocracy in Early Modern Europe. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1992. Duffy, Christopher. Russia’s Military Way to the West: The Origins and Nature of Russia’s Military Power, 1700-1800. London: Routledge Kegan Paul, 1981. Durman, Karel. Lost Illusions: Russian Policies towards Bulgaria, 1877-1878. Uppsala Studies on the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe 1. Uppsala, Sweden: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 1988. Eidelman, N.Ia. “Gde i chto Liprandi?” In Pushkin i dekabristy: Iz istorii vzaimootnoshenii, 11-33. Moscow: Khudozhestvennaia literatura, 1979. Ekloff, Ben, John Bushnell, and Larissa Zakharova, eds. Russia’s Great Reforms, 1855-1881. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994. Elias, Norbert. The Civilizing Process: Sociogenetic and Psychogenetic Investigations. Rev. ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2000. 280 Bibliography Ely, Christopher. Russian Populism: A History. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2021. Emmons, Terence. The Russian Landed Gentry and Peasant Emancipation of 1861. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968. Emmons, Terrence. The Zemstvo in Russia: An Experiment in Local Self-Government. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982. Epanchin, N.A. Ocherk pokhoda 1829 goda v Evropeiskoi Turtsii. 3 vols. St. Petersburg: Glavnoe upravlenie udelov, 1905. Esmer, Tolga U. “Economies of Violence, Banditry and Governance in the Ottoman Empire around 1800.” Past Present, no. 224 (2014): 163-99. Fadeev, A.V. Rossiia i Vostochnyi krizis v 20-kh godov XIX veka. Moscow: Akademiia nauk SSSR, 1958. Fadner, Frank. Seventy Years of Pan-Slavism in Russia: Karazin to Danilevskii, 18001870. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 1962. Figes, Orlando. Crimea: The Last Crusade. London: Penguin, 2010. Figes, Orlando. The Crimean War: A History. New York: Metropolitan Books, 2011. Finch, Michael P.M. A Progressive Occupation: The Gallieni-Lyautey Method of Pacification in Tonkin and Madagascar, 1885-1900. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. Findley, Carter Vaughn. “The Tanzimat.” In Turkey in the Modern World, edited by Resat Kasaba, 11-37. Vol. 4 of The Cambridge History of Turkey. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. Fisher, Alan. “Emigration of Muslims from the Russian Empire in the Years after the Crimean War.” In A Precarious Balance: Conflict, Trade, and Diplomacy on the Russian-Ottoman Frontier, 171-91. Istanbul: Isis Press, 1999. Fisher, Alan W. “Enlightened Despotism and Islam under Catherine II.” Slavic Review 27, no. 4 (1968): 542-53. Florescu, Radu R. The Struggle against Russia in the Romanian Principalities: A Problem in Anglo-Turkish Diplomacy, 1821-1854. laçi: Centre for Romanian Studies, 1997. Forrest, Alan. “Insurgents and Counter-insurgents between Military and Civil Society from the 1790s to 1815.” In Civilians and War in Europe, 1618-1815, edited by Erica Charters, Eve Rosenhaft, and Hannah Smith, Eighteenth-Century Worlds 1,182-200. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2012. Forth, Aidan. Barbed-Wire Imperialism: Britain’s Empire ofCamps, 1876-1903. Berkeley Series in British Studies 12. Oakland: University of California Press, 2017. Frank, Joseph. Dostoyevsky: The Years of Ordeal, 1850-1859. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1983. Frary, Lucien J. Russia and the Making of Modern Greek Identity, 1821-1844. New York: Oxford University Press, 2015. Fuller, William C. Strategy and Power in Russia, 1600-1914. New York: Free Press, 1992. Georgieva, Tsvetana. “Pomaks: Muslim Bulgarians.” Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations 12, no. 3 (2001): 303-16. Bibliography 281 Geraci, Robert P. Window on the East: National and Imperial Identities in Late Tsarist Russia. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001. Geyer, Dietrich. Russian Imperialism: The Interaction of Domestic and Foreign Policy, 1860-1914. Translated by Bruce Little. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1987. Gleason, John H. The Genesis of Russophobia in Britain: A Study of the Interaction of Policy and Opinion. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1950. Goldfrank, David Μ. The Origins of the Crimean War. New York: Longman, 1994. Graf, Daniel. “Military Rule behind the Russian Front, 1914-1917.” Jahrbücherfür Geschichte Osteuropas, Neue Folge, 22, no. 3 (1974): 390-411. Greble, Emily. Muslims and the Making of Modern Europe. New York: Oxford University Press, 2021. Greenfeld, Liah. Nationalism: Five Roads to Modernity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992. Grosul, G.S. Dunaiskie kniazhestva vpolitike Rossii, 1774-1806. Kishinev: Shtiintsa, 1975. Grosul, V.Ia. Reformy v Dunaiskikh kniazhestvakh i Rossiia (20-e - 30-e gg. XIX v.). Moscow: Nauka, 1966. Gumz, Jonathan E. The Resurrection and Collapse of Empire in Habsburg Serbia, 1914-1918. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Hacking, Jan. "Biopower and the Avalanche of Printed Numbers.” Humanities in Society 5, nos. 3-4 (1982): 279-95. Hartley, Janet Μ. Russia, 1762-1825: Military Power, the State, and the People. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2008. Hartmann, Heinrich. The Body Populace: Military Statistics and Demography in Europe before the First World War. Translated by Ellen Yutzy Glebe. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2019. Holquist, Peter. “Forms of Violence during the Russian Occupation of Ottoman Territory and in Northern Persia (Urmia and Astrabad), October 1914-December 1917.” In Shatterzone of Empires: Coexistence and Violence in the German, Habsburg, Russian, and Ottoman Borderlands, edited by Omer Bartov and Eric D. Weitz, 334-63. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2013. Holquist, Peter. “To Count, to Extract and to Exterminate: Population Statistics and Population Politics in Late Imperial and Soviet Russia.” In A State of Nations: Empire and Nation-Making in the Age of Lenin and Stalin, edited by Terry Martin and Ronald Suny, 111-45. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. Hull, Isabel V. “Military Culture and the Production of‘Final Solutions’ in the Colonies: The Example of Wilhelminian Germany.” In The Specter of Genocide: Mass Murder in Historical Perspective, edited by Robert Gellately and Ben Kiernan, 141-62. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Imber, Colin. The Ottoman Empire, 1300-1600: The Structure of Power. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009. Iowa, I.E Bessarabiia i grecheskoe natsional’no-osvoboditel’noe dvizhenie. Kishinev: Shtiintsa, 1974. 282 Bibliography Ishutin, V.V. “Ivan Petrovich Liprandi (1790-1880).” Sovetskoe slavianovedenie, no. 2 (1989): 85-94. ludin, Stanislav. Soldat imperii. General M.I. Dragomirov. Reformator, uchitel’, voennonachal’nik. Moscow: Iauza-katalog, 2021. Jelavich, Barbara. Russia and the Formation of the Romanian Nation-State. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984. Jelavich, Barbara. Russia and the Romanian National Cause, 1858-1859. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1959. Jelavich, Barbara. Russia’s Balkan Entanglements, 1806-1914. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Jewsbury, George F. “Chaos and Corruption: The Comte de Langerons Critique of the 1787-1792 Russo-Turkish War.” Studies in History and Politics, no. 3 (1983-4): 73-83. Jewsbury, George F. The Russian Annexation of Bessarabia, 1774-1828: A Study of Imperial Expansion. East European Monographs 15. Boulder, CO: East European Quarterly, 1976. Jianu, Angela. A Circle ofFriends: Romanian Revolutionaries and Political Exile, 1840-1859. Leiden: Brill, 2011. Kagan, Frederick W. The Military Reforms of Nicholas I: The Origins of the Modern Russian Army. New York: St. Martins Press, 1999. Kalkandjieva, Daniela. “The Bulgarian Orthodox Church.” In Orthodox Christianity and Nationalism in Nineteenth-Century Southeastern Europe, edited by Lucian N. Leustean, 164-202. New York: Fordham University Press, 2014. Karakasidou, Anastasia N. Fields of Wheat, Hills of Blood: Passages to Nationhood in Greek Macedonia, 1870-1990. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997. Karpat, Kemal H. Ottoman Population, 1830-1914: Demographic and Social Characteristics. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1985. Kasaba, Reçat. A Moveable Empire: Ottoman Nomads, Migrants, and Refugees. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2009. Kasatkin, Konstantin. “In Search of Ones Self: The Russian Travellers in the Balkans, 1800-1830S." Russian History 48, no. 1 (2021): 61-88. Keep, John L. Soldiers of the Tsar: Army and Society in Russia, 1462-1874. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1985. Khevrolina, V.M. Rossiiskoi diplomat grafNikolai Pavlovich Ignatiev. Moscow: Institut rossiiskoi istorii RAN, 2004. Khodarkovsky, Michael. Bitter Choices: Loyalty and Betrayal in the Russian Conquest of the Northern Caucasus. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2011. Khodarkovsky, Michael. Russia’s Steppe Frontier: The Making of a Colonial Empire, 1500-1800. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2002. King, Charles L. The Black Sea: A History. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. Kitromilides, Paschalis, and Constantinos Tsoukalas, eds. The Greek Revolution: A Critical Dictionary. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2021. Bibliography 283 Knox, MacGregor. “Mass Politics and Nationalism as Military Revolution: The French Revolution and After.” In The Dynamics of Military Revolution, 1300-2050, edited by MacGregor Knox and Williamson Murray, 57-73. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. Kohn, Hans. Pan-Slavism: Its History and Ideology. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 1953. Konobeev, V.D. “Natsional’no-osvoboditernoe dvizhenie v Bolgarii v 1853-1854 gg.” Uchenye zapiski Instituta slavianovedeniia, no. 29 (1965): 134-77. Konobeev, V.D. “Plan vooruzhennoi bor’by G. S. Rakovskogo v Bolgarii v period Krymskoi voiny.” In Slavianskii arkhiv: Sbornik statei i materialov, edited by V.D. Koroliuk, S.A. Nikitin, and G.E. Sanchiuk, 330-42. Moscow: Akademiia nauk SSSR, 1959. Konobeev, V.D. "Russko-bolgarskie otnosheniia v 1806-1812 gg.” In Iz istorii russkobolgarskikh otnoshenii, edited by L.B. Valev., 194-291. Moscow: Akademiia nauk SSSR, 1958. Konobeev, V.D. Russko-bolgarskoe boevoe sodruzhestvo v russko-turetskoi voine 18771878gg. Moscow: Voenizdat, 1953. Koyuncu, Açkin. “Tuna Vilâyeti’nde Nüfus ve Demografi (1864-1877).” Turkish Studies 9, no. 4 (2014): 675-737. Kozelsky, Mara. “Casualties of Conflict: Crimean Tatars during the Crimean War.” Slavic Review 67, no. 4 (2008): 866-91. Kozelsky, Mara. Crimea in War and Transformation. New York: Oxford University Press, 2019. Kozmenko, LV. “A.I. Tseretelev (1843-1883).” In Bromlei, Slaviane i Rossiia, 218-24. Moscow: Nauka, 1972. Kudriavtseva, E.P. Rossiia i Serbia v 30-40-kh godakh XIX veka. Moscow: Institut slavianovedenia i balkanistiki RAN, 2002. Kühne, Thomas. “Colonialism and the Holocaust: Continuities, Causations, and Complexities.” Journal of Genocide Research 15, no. 3 (2013): 339-62. Kurochkin, lu.M. "Delo Liprandi.” In Prikliucheniia “Madonny.” Stranitsy kraevedchestikh poiskov, 35-58. Sverdlovsk: Sredneural’skoe knizhnoe izatel'stvo, 1973. Levy, Avigdor. “Formalization of the Cossack Service under Ottoman Rule.” In Rothenberg, Kiraly, and Sugar, East Central European Society and War, 491-505. Levy, Avigdor. “Military Reform and the Problem of Centralization in the Ottoman Empire in the Eighteenth Century.” Middle Eastern Studies 18, no. 13 (1982): 227-49. Levy, Jack S. War in the Modern Great Power System, 1495-1975. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1983. Liapin, V.V. Russkaia armiia v Kavkazskoi voine XVIII-XIX vv. St. Petersburg: Evropeiskii dom, 2007. Lieven, Dominic. Russia against Napoleon: The True Story of the Campaigns of War and Peace. New York: Viking, 2010. 284 Bibliography Lincoln, W. Bruce. The Great Reforms: Autocracy, Bureaucracy, and the Politics of Change in Imperial Russia. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1990. Lincoln, W. Bruce. In the Vanguard of Reform: Russia’s Enlightened Bureaucrats, 1825-1861. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1977. Liulevicius, Vejas E. War Land on the Eastern Front: Culture, National Identity, and German Occupation in World War I. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Lynn, John A. Giant of the Grand Siècle: The French Army, 1610-1715. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. MacDermott, Mercia. Freedom or Death: The Life of Gotsé Delchev. London: Journeyman Press, 1978. MacKenzie, David. "Expansion in Central Asia: St. Petersburg vs. the Turkestan Generals (1863-1866).” Canadian-American Slavic Studies 3, no. 2 (1969): 286-311. MacKenzie, David. The Lion of Tashkent: The Career ofΜ. G. Cherniaev. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1974. MacKenzie, David. The Serbs and Russian Pan-Slavism, 1875-78. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1967. Madley, Benjamin. “From Africa to Auschwitz: How German South West Africa Incubated Ideas and Methods Adopted and Developed by the Nazis in Eastern Europe.” European History Quarterly 35, no. 3 (2005): 429-64. Makarova, I.F. “Bolgariia na puti к osvobozhdeniiu (iz istorii odnoi provokatsii).” In V “interère” Balkan: lubileinyi sbornik v chest’ Iriny Stepanovny Dostian, edited by K.V. Nikiforov et al., 297-309. Moscow: Institut slavanovedenia RAN, 2010. Malia, Martin. Russia under Western Eyes: From the Bronze Horseman to the Lenin Mausoleum. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1999. Mann, Michael. The Dark Side of Democracy: Explaining Ethnic Cleansing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Marshall, Alex. The Russian General Staff and Asia, 1800-1917. London: Routledge, 2006. Martin, Alexander Μ. Romantics, Reformers, Reactionaries: Russian Conservative Thought and Politics in the Reign ofAlexander I. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1997. McCarthy, Justin Μ. Death and Exile: The Ethnic Cleansing of Ottoman Muslims, 1822-1922. Princeton, NJ: Darwin Press, 1994. McNeill, William H. Europe’s Steppe Frontier, 1500-1800. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1964. McNeill, William H. Keeping Together in Time: Dance and Drill in Human History. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995. McNeill, William H. The Pursuit of Power: Technology, Armed Force, and Society since A.D. 1000. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982. Medlicott, William Norton. The Congress ofBerlin and After: A Diplomatic History of the Middle Eastern Settlement, 1878-1880. Hamden, CN: Archon Books, 1963. Bibliography 285 Meininger, Thomas A. Ignatiev and the Establishment of the Bulgarian Exarchate, 1864-1872. A Study in Personal Diplomacy. Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin for the Department of History, University of Wisconsin, 1970. Menning, Bruce W. Bayonets before Bullets: The Imperial Russian Army, 1861-1914. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1992. Menning, Bruce W. “Russia and the West: The Problem of Eighteenth-Century Military Models.” In Russia and the West in the Eighteenth Century, edited by Anthony G. Cross, 282-93. Newtonville, MA: Oriental Research Partners, 1983. Meriage, Lawrence S. Russia and the First Serbian Uprising 1804-1813. New York: Garland, 1987. Methodieva, Milena B. Between Empire and Nation: Muslim Reform in the Balkans. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2021. Miakinkov, Eugene. War and Enlightenment in Russia: Military Culture in the Age of Catherine II. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2020. Mikaberidze, Alexander. Russian Officer Corps of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, 1795-1815. New York: Savas Beatie, 2005. Miller, Aleksei. Imperiia Romanovykh i natsionalizm. 2nd ed. Moscow: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2010. Miller, Alexey. “Natsija, Narod, Narodnosf in Russia in the 19th Century: Some Introductory Remarks to the History of Concepts.” Jahrbücherfür Geschichte Osteuropas, Neue Folge, 56, no. 3 (2008): 379-90. Miller, Aleksei. “Priobretenie neobkhodimoe, no ne vpolne udobnoe: Transfer poniatiia natsiia v Rossiiu (nachalo XVIII - seredina XIX v.).” In Aust, Vulpius, and Miller, Imperium inter pares, 42-66. Miller, Alexei. The Ukrainian Question: The Russian Empire and Nationalism in the Nineteenth Century. Translated by Olga Poato. Budapest: Central European University Press, 2003. Miller, Forrest A. Dmitrii Miliutin and the Reform Era in Russia. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press, 1968. Mishkova, Diana. Beyond Balkanism: The Scholarly Politics of Region Making. London: Routledge, 2019. Muntian, M.P., and I.V. Semenov, eds. Rossiia i osvoboditel’naia bor’ba moldavskogo narodaprotiv osmanskogo iga (1768-1812). Kishinev: Shtiintsa, 1984. Muraviev, A.N. “Chto videl, chuvstvoval i slyshal.” In Rossii dvinulis’ syny: Zapiski ob Otechestvennoi voine 1812 goda ее uchastnikov i ochevidtsev, edited by S.S. Volk and S.B. Mikhailova, 268-300. Moscow: Sovremennik, 1988. Nabulsi, Karma. Traditions of War: Occupation, Resistance, and the Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. Naxidou, Eleonora. “Differing Perceptions of Ottoman Rule in the Bulgarian Ethnic Narrative of the Revival.” In Imagined Empires: Tracing Imperial Nationalism in Eastern and Southeastern Europe, edited by Dimitris Stamatopoulos, 257-77. Budapest: Central European University Press, 2021. 286 Bibliography Neuburger, Mary C. The Orient Within: Muslim Minorities and the Negotiation of Nationhood in Modern Bulgaria. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2004. Nokkala, Ere, and Nicholas B. Miller, eds. Cameralism and the Enlightenment: Happiness, Governance and Reform in Transnational Perspective. New York: Routledge, 2019. Offord, Derek. Journeys to a Graveyard: Perceptions of Europe in Classical Russian Travel Writing. Dordrecht: Springer, 2005. Palmer, Alan. The Crimean War. New York: Dorset Press, 1992. Panaite, Viorel. “The Legal and Political Status of Moldavia and Wallachia in Relation to the Ottoman Empire.” In The European Tributary States of the Ottoman Empire in the Sixteenth and the Seventeenth Century, edited by Gâbor Karman and Lovro Kuncevic, 13-42. Leiden: Brill, 2013. Paul, Michael C. “The Military Revolution in Russia, 1550-1682.” Journal ofMilitary History 68, no. 1 (2004): 9-45. Petritor, Vasile, and Vasile Niculae. Românii în lupta pentru cucerirea independente: depline de stat, 1877-1878. Bucharest: Editura Politicâ, 1987. Petrov, A.N. Vliianie russko-turetskikh voin s poloviny proshlogo stoletiia na razvitie russkogo voennogo iskusstva. 2 vols. St. Petersburg: Voennaia tipografiia, 1894. Petrov, A.N. Voina Rossii s Turtsiei. Dunaiskaia kampaniia, 1853-1854. 2 vols. St. Petersburg: Voennaia tipografiia, 1890. Petrov, A.N. Voina Rossii s Turtsiei, 1806-1812. 3 vols. St. Petersburg: Voennaia tipografiia, 1885-7. Petrov, A.N. Voina Rossii s Turtsiei ipol’skimi konfederatami. 5 vols. St. Petersburg: Veimar, 1866-74. Petrov, A.N. Vtoraia turetskaia voina v tsarstvovanie Ekateriny Vtoroi. 2 vols. St. Petersburg: Golike, 1880. Petrovich, Michael. The Emergence of Russian Panslavism, 1856-1870. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1985. Philliou, Christine Μ. Biography of an Empire: Governing the Ottomans in an Age of Revolution. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2011. Pichichero, Christy. The Military Enlightenment: War and Culture in the French Empire from Louis XIV to Napoleon. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2017. Pinson, Marc. “Demographic Warfare: An Aspect of Russian and Ottoman Policy, 1856-1864.” PhD diss., Harvard University, 1970. Pinson, Marc. Ottoman Colonization of the Circassians in Rumeli after the Crimean War.” Etudes Balkaniques, no. 3 (1973): 71-85. Pintner, Walter Μ. Russia as a Great Power, 1709-1856: Reflections on the Problem of Relative Backwardness, with Special Reference to the Russian Army and Russian Society. Washington, DC: Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies, 1978. Porch, Douglas. “Bugeaud, Gallieni, Lyautey: The Development of French Colonial Warfare.” In The Makers of the Modern Strategy: From Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age, edited by Peter Paret, 376-407. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1986. Bibliography 287 Porter, Patrick. Military Orientalism: Eastern War through Western Eyes. London: Hurst, 2009. Porter, Theodore Μ. The Rise of Statistical Thinking, 1820-1900. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1988. Prousis, Theophilus C. Russian Society and the Greek Revolution. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1994. Pundeff, Marin V. “Bulgarian Nationalism.” In Nationalism in Eastern Europe, edited by Peter F. Sugar and Ivo J. Lederer, 93-165. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1969. Puryear, Vernon John. France and the Levant: From Bourbon Restoration to the Peace ofKutiah. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1941. Radulescu, Alexandru, and Ion Bitoleanu. A Concise History of Dobruja. Bucharest: Editura Stiintificä, 1984. Raeff, Marc. The Well-Ordered Police State: Social and Institutional Change through Law in the Germanies and Russia, 1600-1800. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1983. Reid, James J. Crisis of the Ottoman Empire, 1839-1878: Prelude to Collapse. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 2000. Rekun, Mikhail S. How Russia Lost Bulgaria, 1878-1886: Empire Unguided. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2019. Rey, Olivier. Quand le monde sèstfait nombre. Paris: Stock, 2016. Reynolds, Michael. Shattering Empires: The Clash and Collapse of the Ottoman and Russian Empires. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Riasanovsky, Nicholas. Nicholas I and Official Nationality in Russia, 1825-1855. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1967. Rich, David. “Building Foundations for Effective Intelligence: Military Geography and Statistics in the Russian Perspective, 1845-1905.” In Schimmelpenninck van der Oye and Menning, Reforming the Tsar’s Army, 168-88. Rich, David. “Imperialism, Research and Strategy: Russian Military Statistics, 1840-1880.” Slavonic and East European Review 74, no. 4 (1996): 621-39. Rieber, Alfred J. “The Politics of Emancipation.” In The Politics of Autocracy: Letters of Alexander II to Prince A. I. Bariatinskii, 1857-1864, edited by Alfred J. Rieber, 15-58. The Hague, Netherlands: Mouton, 1966. Rogers, Clifford J„ ed. The Military Revolution Debate: Readings on the Military Transformation of Early Modern Europe. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1995. Rogger, Hans. National Consciousness in Eighteenth-Century Russia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1960. Rothenberg, Gunther E. The Art of Warfare in the Age of Napoleon. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1978. Rothenberg, Gunther E., Bela K. Kiraly, and Peter F. Sugar, eds. East Central European Society and War in the Pre-revolutionary Eighteenth Century. East European Monographs 122. Boulder, CO: East European Quarterly, 1982. 288 Bibliography Roudometof, Victor. Nationalism, Globalization, and Orthodoxy: The Social Origins of Ethnic Conflict in the Balkans. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2001. Roy, Kaushik. The Army in British India: From Colonial Warfare to Total War, 1857-1947. London: Bloomsbury, 2013. Said, Edward W. Orientalism: Western Concepts of the Orient. London: Penguin, 2006. First published 1978. Salt, Jeremy. The Last Ottoman Wars: The Human Cost, 1877-1923. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2019. Sanborn, Joshua A. Drafting the Russian Nation: Military Conscription, Total War, and Mass Politics, 1905-1925. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 2002. Sanborn, Josh. “Military Reform, Moral Reform, and the End of the Old Regime.” In The Military and Society in Russia, 1450-1917, History of Warfare 14, edited by Eric Lohr and Marshall Poe, 507-24. Leiden: Brill, 2002. Schimmelpenninck van der Oye, David. Russian Orientalism: Asia in the Russian Mindfrom Peter the Great to the Emigration. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010. Schimmelpenninck van der Oye, David, and Bruce Menning, eds. Reforming the Tsar’s Army: Military Innovation in Imperial Russia from Peter the Great to the Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Schroeder, Paul W. Austria, Britain, and the Crimean War: The Destruction of the European Concert. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1972. Semenova, I.V. Rossiia i natsional’no sovoboditel’naia bor’ba moldavskogo naroda protiv osmanskogo iga v XVIII v. Kishinev: Shtiintsa, 1976. Seppel, Marten, and Keith Tribe, eds. Cameralism in Practice: State Administration and Economy in Early Modern Europe. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press, 2017. Sergeev, S.V., and E.I. Dolgov. Voennye topografy russkoi armii. Moscow: SiDiPress, 2001. Seton-Watson, R.W Disraeli, Gladstone, and the Eastern Question: A Study in Diplomacy and Party Politics. London: Routledge, 2006. First published 1935. Shil’der, N.K. GrafEduard Ivanovich Totleben, ego zhizn i deitel’nost’. 2 vols. St. Petersburg: Russkaia skoropechatnia, 1885-6. Shil’der, N.K. Imperator Nikolai Pervyi. 2 vols. St. Petersburg: A.S. Suvorin, 1903. Shilder, N.K. “Zametki о sobytiakh 1853-54 gg.” Russkaia starina, no. 10 (1875): 380-92. Shparo, O.B. Osvobozhdenie Gretsii i Rossiia (1821-1829). Moscow: Mysl’, 1965. Shulman, E.B. Russko-moldavskoe boevoesodruzhestvo, 1735-1739. Kishinev: Shtiintsa, 1962. Spies, S.B. Methods ofBarbarism? Roberts and Kitchener and Civilians in the Boer Republics, January 1900-May 1902. Cape Town: Human Rousseau, 1977. Sorescu, Andrei-Dan. “Peddlers, Peasants, Icons, Engravings: The Portrait of the Tsar and Romanian Nation-Building, 1888-1916.” In New Europe College: Stefan Odobleja Program Yearbook 2019-2020, edited by Irina Vainovski-Mihai, 209-46. Bucharest: New Europe College, 2020. Bibliography 289 Stamatopoulos, Dimitris. “From Millets to Minorities in the 19th-Century Ottoman Empire: An Ambiguous Modernization.” In Citizenship in Historical Perspective, edited by Stephen G. Ellis, Guömundur Hâlfdanarson, and Ann Katherine Isaacs, 253-73. Pisa, Italy: Pisa University Press, 2006. Stanislavskaia, A.M. Rossiia i Gretsiia v kontse XVIII - nachale XIX veka. Politika Rossii V lonicheskoi respublike. Moscow: Nauka, 1976. Starkey, Armstrong. War in the Age of Enlightenment, 1700-1789. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003. Stevens, Carol B. Russia’s Wars of Emergence, 1460-1730. London: Routledge, 2007. Stites, Richard. The Four Horsemen: Riding to Liberty in Post-Napoleonic Europe. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014. Sugar, Peter E Southeastern Europe under Ottoman Rule, 1354-1804. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1977. Sumner, B.H. Russia and the Balkans, 1870-1880. London: Archon Books, 1960. First published 1938. Sunderland, Willard. Taming the Wild Field: Colonization and Empire on the Russian Steppe. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2004. Taki, Victor. “From Partisan War to the Ethnography of European Turkey: The Balkan Career of Ivan Liprandi, 1790-1880.” Canadian Slavonic Papers 58, no. 3 (2016): 257-85. Taki, Victor. “The Horrors of War: Representations of Violence in European, Oriental and ‘Patriotic’ Wars.” Kritika, n.s., 15, no. 2 (2014): 263-92. Taki, Victor. “Konstantin Leontiev and the Social Critique of Tanzimat Turkey.” Modern Greek Studies Yearbook, no. 28/29 (2012/13): 267-79. Taki, Victor. “Limits of Protection: Russia and the Orthodox Coreligionists in the Ottoman Empire.” Carl Beck Papers in Russian and East European Studies, no. 2401 (2015). https://doi.org/10.5195/cbp.2015.201. Taki, Victor. Orientalism on the Margins: The Ottoman Empire under Russia Eyes.” Kritika, n.s., 12, no. 2 (2011): 321-51. Taki, Victor. Russia on the Danube: Empire, Elites, and Reform in Moldavia and Wallachia, 1812-1834. New York: Central European University Press, 2021. Taki, Victor. “Spying for Empire: The Activities of I. P. Liprandi in the Romanian Principalities in the 1820s and 1830s.” Pontes: A Review of South-East European Studies, no. 5 (2009): 37-50. Taki, Victor. Tsar and Sultan: Russian Encounters with the Ottoman Empire. London: LB. Tauris, 2016. Tatishchev, S.S. Vneshniaia politika Nikolaia Pervogo. St. Petersburg: Skorokhodov, 1887. Todorova, Maria. Imagining the Balkans. Updated ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. Tokay, Gül. “A Reassessment of the Macedonian Question, 1878-1908.” In Yavuz, War and Diplomacy, 253-69. Tone, John Lawrence. War and Genocide in Cuba, 1895-1898. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006. 290 Bibliography Tsvetkova, Bistra. “The Bulgarian Haiduk Movement in the 15th-18th Centuries.” In Rothenberg, Kiraly, and Sugar, East Central European Society and War, 301-37. Turan, Omer. “Pomaks, Their Past and Present.” Journal ofMuslim Minority Affairs 19, no. 1 (1999): 69-83. Turan, Omer. “The Rhodope Resistance and Commission of 1878.” In Yavuz, War and Diplomacy, 511-35. Ulunian, A.A. “O formirovanii bolgarskikh chet v period russko-tuetskoi voiny 1877-78 godov.” In Bromlei, Slaviane i Rossiia, 241-7. Vereshchagin, V.V. Skobelev. Russko-turetskaia voina v vospominaniiakh VV Vereshchagina. Moscow: Dar, 2007. Vezenkov, Alexander. “In the Service of the Sultan, in the Service of the Revolution: The Local Bulgarian Notables in the 1870s.” In Conflicting Loyalties in the Balkans: The Great Powers, the Ottoman Empire and Nation-Building, edited by Hannes Grandits, Nathalie Clayer, and Robert Pichler, 135-54. London: LB. Tauris, 2011. Vigasin, A.A., A.N. Khokhlov, and P.M. Shastifko, eds. Istoriia otechestvennogo vostokovedeniia s serediny XIX veka do 1917goda. Moscow: Vostochnaia literatura, 1997. Vinkovetsky, Ilya. “Strategists and Ideologues: Russians and the Making of Bulgaria’s Tarnovo Constitution, 1878-1879.” Journal ofModern History 90, no. 4 (2018): 751-91. Volkonskii, N.A. Biografiia general-ad’iutanta, generala ot kavalerii, kniazia Aleksandra Mikhailovicha Dondukova-Korsakova. Tiflis: Glavnoe upravlenie glavnonachal'stvuiushchego grazhdanskoi chasfiu na Kavkaze, 1883. von Hagen, Mark. War in a European Borderland: Occupations and Occupation Plans in Galicia and Ukraine, 1914-1918. Donald W. Treadgold Studies on Russia, East Europe, and Central Asia. Seattle: Herbert J. Ellison Center for Russian, East European, and Central Asian Studies, University of Washington, 2007. Vovchenko, Denis. Containing Balkan Nationalisms: Imperial Russia and Ottoman Christians, 1856-1914. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016. Walicki, Andrzej. A History of Russian Thoughtfrom the Enlightenment to Marxism. Translated by Hilda Andrews-Rusiecka. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1979. Walicki, Andrzej. The Slavophile Controversy: History of a Conservative Utopia in Nineteenth-Century Russian Thought. Translated by Hilda Andrews-Rusiecka. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975. Weber, Eugen. Peasants into Frenchmen: The Modernization of Rural France, 18701914. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1976. Weitz, Eric D. “Germany and the Ottoman Borderlands: The Entwining of Imperial Aspirations, Revolution, and Ethnic Violence.” In Shatterzone ofEmpires: Coexistence and Violence in the German, Habsburg Russian, and Ottoman Borderlands, edited by Omer Bartov and Eric D. Weitz, 152-71. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2013. Werth, Paul W. At the Margins of Orthodoxy: Mission, Governance, and Confessional Politics in Russia’s Volga-Kama Region, 1827-1905. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2002. Whittaker, Cynthia H. The Origins ofModern Russian Education: An Intellectual Biography of Count Sergei Uvarov, 1786-1855. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1984. Bibliography 291 Williams, Brian Glyn. “Hijra and Forced Migration from Nineteenth-Century Russia to the Ottoman Empire.” Cahiers du Monde russe 41, no. 1 (2000): 79-108. Wolff, Larry. Inventing Eastern Europe: The Map of Civilization on the Mind of the Enlightenment. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1994. Wortman, Richard S. Scenarios of Power: Myth and Ceremony in Russian Monarchy from Peter the Great to the Abdication of Nicholas II. New abridged ed. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2006. Yavuz, Μ. Hakan, with Peter Sluglett, eds. War and Diplomacy: The Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878 and the Treaty of Berlin. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2011. Yesil, Fatih. “Drill and Discipline as a Civilizing Process: The Genesis of a Modern Soldier in the Ottoman Empire, 1789-1826.” In Ottoman War and Peace: Studies in Honor of Virginia H. Aksan, edited by Frank Castiglione, Ethan L. Menchinger, and Veysel $im$ek, 101-18. Leiden: Brill, 2020. Yosmaoglu, Ipek. Blood Ties: Religion, Violence, and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878-1908. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2014. Zabunov, I.D. “Odesskoe bolgarskoe nastoiatel’stvo v period Krymskoi voiny.” In Balkanskie strany v novoe i noveishee vremia, edited by la.M. Kopanskii, 3-24. Kishinev: Shtiintsa, 1977. Zaionchkovsky, Peter A. The Abolition of Serfdom in Russia. Edited and translated by Susan Wobst, with an introduction by Terrence Emmons. Gulf Breeze, FL: Academic International Press, 1978. Zaionchkovskii, P.A. Voennye reformy 1860-1870 godov v Rossii. Moscow: Moskovskii universitet, 1952. Zaionchkovskii, A.M. Vostochnaia voina. 2 vols. St. Petersburg: Ekspeditsiia izgotovleniia gosudarstvennykh bumag, 1908-13. Zakharova, L.G. Samoderzhavie i otmena krepostnogoprava v Rossii, 1856-1861. Moscow: Moskovskii universitet, 1984. Zorin, A.L. Kormia dvuglavogo orla. Literatura i gosudarstvennaia ideologiia v Rossii v poslednei treti XVIII - pervoi treti XIX vv. Moscow: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2001. Index Abdelkader ibn Muhieddine, Emir of Algeria, 123 Abdul-Aziz I, Ottoman sultan (186176), 137 Abdul-Hamid II, Ottoman sultan (1876-1908), 190 Abdul Kerim Nadir Pasha, 152 Abdul-Mejid I, Ottoman sultan (1839-61), 97 Academy of General Staff (Russian), 77, 80, 118, 120, 141; graduates of, 122, 124, 128-9, 142, 151, 154 Adrianople, 4, 8-9, 15, 175, 194, 196; Muslims of, 36, 64, 208; in Russian military writings, 63, 64, 79, 87, 127; Russian occupation of (1829), 44, 59-61, 66, 93, 102, 145, 212; Russian occupation of (1878), 168, 170, 186, 190; during Russian-Ottoman war (1828-9), 55, 58; during RussianOttoman war (1877-8), 162, 170-1, 173,185, 189; in Russian war planning (1820s), 36,43; in Russian war planning (1853-4), 102, 107-8; in Russian war planning (1876-7), 139, 145, 150, 178; sanjak of, 63, 124, 127, 184, 197-8, 201; Treaty of (1829), 14, 45, 62-3, 68, 74, 84 Adriatic Sea, 109,132 Aegean Sea, 9,43,175,189 Aidos (Aytos), 34,47, 50, 63,192-3,198; Russian occupation of (1829), 44, 56, 58 Akhulgo, 123 Akkerman, Convention of (1826), 38, 42, 69 Alabin, P.V., 199 Albanians, 71, 125, 137, 154, 196, 203; Albanian (Prizren) League, 190, 208-9; in Russian war planning (1853-4), 78, 90-1, 108-9 Alexander I, tsar of Russia (1801-25), 14,21,41,66, 76 Alexander II, tsar of Russia (1855-81), 84, 118, 128-9, 177; declaration of war on Ottoman Empire (1877), 150; policy in Bulgaria after war of 1878-9, 183-4, 187, 191,201,204, 206; reaction to Eastern Crisis, 133,141, 149; during Russian-Ottoman war (1877-8), 3, 152, 158 Alexander Karageorgievic, Prince of Serbia (1842-58), 116 Algeria, 11, 123, 124 Ali Pasha (Tepedelenli) of loannina, 90, 91 Alma, Battle of, 96 Aksakov, I.S., 136 Amsterdam, 76 Anatolia (Asia Minor), 44, 62, 93, 79, 122, 137, 146-8, 155, 198 294 Index Andrassy, Gyula, 133, 149,175 Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902), 11 Anrep, I.K., 61 Anuchin, D.G., 158, 162, 164, 177 Aprilov, V.E., 88 Arda River, 186, 187, 190 Armenians, 79, 86, 98, 177-8, 202 arnauts, 20-1, 35, 98 Artamonov, N.D., 144, 148, 151, 166 Austria-Hungary, 133, 141, 147, 149, 181, 188 Austro-Franco-Italian War (1859), 189 Austro-Prussian War (1866), 189 ayans, 36, 52, 87 Aydin, Cemil, 134, 208 Babadag, 24, 52, 70, 147, 155 Bäilesti, Battle of, 52 Balkans, 7; Russian crossing of (1829), 45, 49-53, 59, 63-4, 85, 174, 212; Russian crossing of (1877), 162, 170. See also Eastern Balkans; Rumelia; Turkey in Europe Baltic Sea, 96,109 Bargration, P.I., 21, 22, 25 Bariatinskii, A.I., 122, 129 bashi-bazouks, 109, 124, 135, 160-2, 166-8, 170-3, 185 Bazardzhik, 43, 77 Bazili, A.K., 188 bedel, 201 Bedouins, 98 Bela (Byala), 159 Belgrade, 20,106, 111 Belotserkovets, I.V., 167 Benkendorf, A.Kh., 47 Berg, F.F., 35, 38-41, 97-8, 100, 107 Bergengeim, A.I., 68 Berlin, 76; Congress of, 180, 186, 188, 190-2, 195-203, 205-8, 215; Treaty of (1878), 181, 194, 199, 207 Berthemy, Jules, 89 Bessarabia, 8, 25, 42, 46, 69, 71,132,150; Bulgarians of, 38, 53, 63,110,116,178 Bibescu, Gheorghe, hospodar of Wallachia (1843-8), 84 Bibikov, E.M., 162, 191 Bismarck, Otto von, 133,180 Bistritsa River, 175 Black Sea, 7-9, 50, 79, 86,109,132, 137, 175; British navy in, 96, 115, 151; demilitarization of, 123,127, 145; Russian Black Sea Fleet, 43, 49, 52, 93-4, 100, 107; Russian coastal defences in, 127,184; Russian commerce in, 45; Russian control of, 102, 111 Blanqui, Jérôme-Adolphe, 88 Blount, Henri, 127 Bobrikov, G.I., 151 Bogdanovich, I.E, 35 Boichin, Simeon, 115 Borodino, Battle of, 26, 69, 75 Bosnia, 51, 84, 86, 125, 135, 149-50; Austrian occupation of (post-1878), 181, 187; during Eastern Crisis, 133, 136; Muslim uprisings in, 48, 89-90, 99; in Russian war planning, 37, 102, 135 Bosnians, 78, 89-90, 98, 104-5, 124 Bosphorus, 100, 109 Bräila (Ibrail), 25,111 Brätianu, Ion C., 150 Bremen, 76 Bucharest, 21, 35, 62,84,103,110,154, 157; Bulgarian Central Revolutionary Committee in, 162; Treaty of (1812), 25 Bulgaria, Principality of, 4, 15, 16; borders of, 174-7, 181; Russian policies in, 183, 193-7, 199-202, 2068, 214-16. See also Danubian Bulgaria, Eastern Rumelia, Rumelia Bulgarian militia, 167, 179; formation of, 13, 151, 156-7, 213, 214; local militias, Index 162-3, 167,169,178; in Principality of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia (post1878), 187, 200-4, 206, 208; projects of, 136,139-40, 210; during RussianOttoman war (1877-8), 15, 158-60, 163, 165-7, 178-9,205 Bulgarians, 3, 8-9, 16, 70, 72, 124; arming of, 52, 57, 62-3, 166, 168, 212; attitudes towards Russians, 19-20, 22, 72-3, 116, 167; migration of (post1878), 195-202, 216; as perpetrators of atrocities, 158, 162, 168, 171, 189; plans for mobilization of, 13, 113, 135-6, 138-40, 148, 157; and Rhodope Uprising, 185-7; in Russian military writings, 33, 64-5, 76, 78-9, 86-9, 98,154; during RussianOttoman war (1828-9), 46-7, 55, 57, 62, 73; during Russian-Ottoman war (1877-8), 155, 158-9, 167, 178-9; Russian policy towards, 21-2, 48, 58, 113, 153, 165, 179; Russian resettlement of, 23-5, 53, 63, 66, 215; in Russian war planning (1820s), 37-8; in Russian war planning (1853-4), 102, 104-13, 115; as victims of atrocities, 138,155, 162-4, 169-71, 173,188-90. See also Bulgaria, Principality of; Bulgarian militia; Eastern Rumelia Bunakov, V.A., 170 Burgas, 34; during Russian-Ottoman war (1828-9), 49-50, 55; after RussianOttoman war (1877-8), 192-3, 197-8; in Russian war planning (1853-4), 100,109 Buturlin, D.P., 36 Catherine the Great, empress of Russia (1762-96), 24, 66, 69, 81, 134, 208 Caucasus, 146-7, 152,155, 157, 183, 215; Caucasian war, 11, 119, 122, 295 129, 134, 204, 208; resettlement and emigration of Muslims from, 123-4, 130,135; Russian “pacification” of North Caucasus, 15,123, 135, 208; Transcaucasia, 64, 96 Cetatea, 94 Cherevin, P.F., 167 Cherkasskii, Vladimir Aleksandrovich, 152-5, 158-60, 164-7, 175, 177-9 Chermen (Çirmen, Ormenio), 61, 64 Cherniaev, Μ.I., 129, 136, 141 Chernyshev, A.I., 45, 50, 80 Chernyshevskii, N.G., 128 cheta, 72,166, 205 Chichagov, M.M., 162 Chodzko, Joseph, 68 Chorlu (Çorlu), 64 Chulkov, P.P., 172 Circassians, 8, 105, 154, 156, 160-4, 167-8,195; atrocities allegedly committed by, 141, 155, 170-1, 174; involvement in Rhodope uprising, 185; in Russian army, 141; Russian policy towards, 177, 194-5, 207-8. See also Caucasus Clausewitz, Karl von, 6 Constantinople, 4, 8-9, 50, 93, 111, 174, 184-8; commission on refugees, 194— 5; Conference of (1876), 146, 149, 154, 160,175; Menshikovs mission to, 94; Muslim refugees in, 170, 190; Ottoman capture of, 81; Russian envoys (ambassadors) to, 38, 127, 142, 144, 174, 188, 194, 204; Russian military agents in, 14, 38, 41, 97-100, 124,134; Russian naval blockade of (1829), 43; in Russian war planning, 36, 44-5, 102, 142, 146-8, 150, 178; in writings of Russian Pan-Slavists, 138 Cossacks, 18, 21, 25, 46, 145; Azov Host, 46; during Danubian campaign (1853-4), 108; Don Host, 26, 183, 296 Index Cossacks (continued) 185, 205; Nekrasovtsy, 38,45-7, 70; at North Caucasus, 123,130; Ottoman Cossacks, 116; role in small war and partisan action, 30-3, 75, 76; during Russian-Ottoman war (1828-9), 51, 53, 56, 58-9, 71, 73; during and after Russian-Ottoman war (1877-8), 165, 167,191; Ukrainian Cossacks, 8, 86, 215; Ural Host, 184; Zaporozhian Cossacks, 38,45-6, 70 Covalla, 185 Crimea, 15, 96, 124, 132, 135, 150 Crimean Khanate, 19 Crimean Tatars 8,124, 215 Crimean War, 8, 13-15, 28, 80, 124, 215; Danubian campaign of (1853-4), 96, 100-17, 206, 213; impact on Russia, 118, 122, 145; outbreak of, 13, 68, 127, 135; tensions leading to, 82, 85, 93 Cuban War of Independence, 11 Dacian Kingdom, 83 Dandevil, V.D., 170 Danilevskii, N.Ia., 131, 132 Danube, 3; Lower Danube as war theatre, 7-9,13, 20; Ottoman fortresses on, 8, 37, 69,102,144; Russian crossing of (1773), 19; Russian crossing of (1809), 21,23; Russian crossing of (1828), 43, 45,46; Russian crossing of (1854), 94, 100, 103,106-7,110-11,113; Russian crossing of (1877), 3,148,150-1,158, 178,215 Danubian Bulgaria, 14, 69, 80, 127; in Danubian campaign (1853-4), 113-16; depopulation of, 24, 53,103, 165; Muslims of, 79, 86, 154, 164; population of, 19, 53, 70, 87, 178-9; in Russian-Ottoman war (1806-12), 21-2, 25; in Russian-Ottoman war (1828-9), 46,49-50, 63, 66; in Russian-Ottoman war (1877-8), 3, 150,152,168; in Russian war planning (1853-4), 103, 109, 110; in Russian war planning (1876-7), 135, 142, 144, 147, 151. See also Dobrogea Danubian Principalities. See Moldavia and Wallachia Dardanelles, 43,137-8 Davydov, Denis, 12,29-33, 75-7 Decembrists, 27-9 deli, 109 Deliorman, 8, 23, 109,147, 161, 192; Bulgarian volunteer detachments in, 115-16; I.P. Liprandi’s detachment in, 73-4, 92; Muslim partisans in, 43, 47, 51, 212; Muslim population of, 78-9, 86, 108, 116, 142, 178,203 Demotika (Didymoteicho), 59, 60, 62, 64, 191,200 Depreradovich, F.M., 167 devsirme, 9 dhimmi, 9 Dibich, 1.1. (Hans Karl Friedrich Anton von Diebitsch), 14, 39,43-4, 70, 73; policies towards East Balkan population, 50-3, 55-9, 62-3, 67, 212 Disraeli, Benjamin, 134 Ditmars, E.I. (Dittmars, Eberhard von), 68 Diugamel, A.O., 39,46-7, 53, 63-4, 68 Dnieper River, 45 Dobrogea, 23,42, 79,147; Christian population of, 8,165; depopulation of, 24,46, 65, 142, 212; Muslim population of, 9,19, 46, 78-9, 124, 155 Dometti, P.A., 164 Dondukov-Korsakov, A.M., 16,183-4, 186-9, 193-208,210-11,215 Dostoyevsky, Fedor Mikhailovich, 84 Dragomirov, M.I., 128, 129 Drummond-Wolff, Henry, 191, 203, 205 Index Dufferin, Frederick (Frederick Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava), 197,205 Dunavets, 38, 46 Dzhumaia (Yukari Cuma, Blagoevgrad), 199 Dzhumla (Eski Cuma, Targovishte), 23,25 Eastern Balkans, 4, 6-8, 145-6, 152-3, 178-9, 194, 214-16; population of, 7-8, 20,41, 135, 148, 153, 179; Russian occupations of, 4, 13,15-16, 153, 179, 207, 209,211-12 Eastern Crisis (1875-8), 16, 134, 206, 208, 212, 213; outbreak of, 133, 152, 181; Russian pan-Slavism at time of, 131,136,138; Russian war planning at time of, 119, 142, 148 Eastern Rumelia, province of, 4, 15-16, 181, 184-5, 188, 190-206, 208, 214-16 Egypt, 48, 78, 136, 137 Eiffel, Gustave, 150 Ekaterinoslav guberniia, 53 Elena, 111, 115,166 Enegolm, E.I., 64-5, 68, 79 Engelgardt, A.E., 77 Erzurum, 147 Eski Zagra, 168, 173, 185, 189, 203; atrocities in, 174, 187; during first Russian occupation and retreat (1877), 162-4 Evdokimov, N.I., 123 Evpatoria, 96 Fadeev, Rostislav Andreevich, 142,148, 157, 179, 210, 213-14; criticism of Russian military reforms, 130-1; and Eastern Crisis, 136-40; and “pacification” of North Caucasus, 122-3, 129; and pan-Slavism, 132-3 Ferre, 191 Finland, 75,132 297 First Slavic Congress (1848), 84 First World War, 6, 12, 25, 211 Fitzgerald, C., 193 Fonton, PA., 57 Foreign Ministry (Russian), 4, 149,180, 205,210 Fourier, Charles, 84 France, 27,42, 78, 84, 91, 189; campaign of 1814 in, 75; and Crimean War, 94, 96, 106-7; and Eastern Crisis, 133, 188; of Napoleon, 12; revolution of 1789 in, 6, 10-11, 199, 212; revolution of 1830 in, 82; revolution of 1848 in, 84; Russian occupation of (1815-18), 69; and Tanzimat, 93, 97 Franco-Prussian War (1870-1), 189 Frankini, V.A., 124-5 Franz Joseph I, emperor of Austria (1848-1916), 149 French Revolutionary Wars, 6, 67. See also Napoleonic Wars Gabrovo, 88, 111, 115, 147, 164, 167 Galati, 113, 145, 155 Gallipoli, 175 Garting, I.M. (Harting, Johann Festus), 70 Gartvig, N.G., 197-9 Geiden, F.L., 138, 157 Geiden, L.P. (Heiden, Lodewijk Sigismund Vincent Gustaaf Reichsgraf van), 43 Geismar, F.K. (Geismar, Friedrich Caspar von), 43, 52 General Staff (Russian), 15, 34, 119-21, 125, 141; Military-Scientific Committee of, 80; Mobilizational Committee of, 141. See also Academy of General Staff (Russian) Geographic Society (Imperial Russian), 122, 154 Germany, 10, 71, 75-7, 120, 138, 188; unification of, 122, 133 Gerov, Naiden, 167 298 Index Ghica, Grigore, hospodar of Wallachia (1822-8), 70 Girardin, Saint-Marc (Marc Girardin), 83-4, 88 Girs, Κ.Ε, 136, 138, 180, 205 Girsov (Hârsova), 9, 43, 100, 103, 112 Giumiurdzhin (Gümülcine), 186 Giurgiu, 23, 25, 50 Gladkyi, losip, 46 Gladstone, William, 134 Golovin, E.A., 52, 58 Gorchakov, A.M., 127, 129, 142, 180 Gorchakov, M.D., 91,94, 113, 115-16, 118,214 Gor), 72 Grabbe, P.Kh. fon, 112 Great Britain, 42, 90, 106-7, 133, 138, 180; anti-Ottoman sentiment in, 134; anti-Russian sentiment in, 82, 96; declaration of war on Russia, 94; and Tanzimat, 93, 97; tensions with Russia (1878), 186-8, 191 Greece, 28, 42, 45, 65, 201, 211; independence of, 4, 81 Greek-Bulgarian Church Schism (1870), 8, 127 Greeks, 8, 9,22,28-9, 96,124; in Russian military writings, 33, 63, 65, 79, 80, 86-8, 90, 137, 154; Russian policies with respect to (1877-9), 167, 175, 177-8, 196, 198-202; in Russian war planning (1820s), 34, 36; in Russian war planning (1853-4), 1045, 112. See also Phanariote Greeks Greek War of Independence (1821-30), 4, 28,35,42,213 Greig, A.S., 43, 52, 62 guerilla warfare, 12, 32, 75-6, 86, 123 Gurko, I.V., 150, 157-8, 162-4, 168-9, 179, 187 Habsburg monarchy, 7, 11, 50, 112-13. See also Austria-Hungary Hadji Stavri Koinov, 115 hajduks, 20-1,65,74,87-9,91,108-9, 157 harac, 99 Haskioi (Haskovo), 170,171 Hermanli (Harmanli), 61, 62, 66,170; massacre of, 171-3 Herzegovina, 99,112,124-5,150,187; Austrian occupation of (post-1878), 181; uprising in (1875), 133, 135-6, 140, 149 Herzen, Alexander, 129 Holy Alliance, 131 Holy Places, 93, 94 Hungary, 84 Ia§i, 28, 35, 37, 70 Ibraghim Pasha, Kavalali, 42 Ignatiev, N.P., 127,129,142,144, 146-9, 174-5 Iliashevich, LL, 178 Illyria, 90, 109 India, 11,93, 147 Ionian Islands, 90, 109 Irepoli, 62 Isaev, I.I., 21, 22 Isakcha (Isaccea), 8, 9,43,155 Islam, 8, 56, 89, 90,125; Russian perspectives on, 134-5,153, 201, 208, 215 Italians, 105 Italy, 10, 29, 188 luzefovich, T.P., 165, 167 Ivanov, I.S., 199 janissaries, 33, 39, 40, 89; destruction of, 37,40,97, 98,102 Jews, 9, 86, 177-8 jizya, 9 Jomini, A.-H., 33 Kabulistan, 147 kadi, 181 Kalmykov, A.I., 205 Index Kalmyks, 19 Kamchik (Kamchia) River, 48, 50 Kamenskii, M.F., 24 Kamenskii, N.M., 21-2, 48,103 Kanitz, Felix Philipp, 175 Kankrin, E.F. (Cancrin, Georg Ludwig), 35-6 Kara Lom River, 115,161 Karnobat, 50, 56, 58, 63-4, 192, 197 Karpout, 124 Kassel, 76 Kazan, University of, 80 Kazan (Kotei), 58,111 Kazanlyk (Kazanlik, Kazanlak), 111,160, 162-4, 166, 171, 203; atrocities in, 173-4, 187, 189 Kern, Lieutenant Colonel, 51 Khitov, Panaiot, 166 Khiva, khanate of, 122 Khomutov, Μ.G., 59, 60 Kiev, 183; military district of, 165, 183 Kirdzhali (Kardzhali), 185 kirdzhali, 20, 21, 73 Kirk Kilise (Kirklareli), 64, 102 Kiselev, P.D., 35, 48-9, 69, 70; as head of Russian provisional administration in Moldavia and Wallachia, 83,104,183 Kishelskii, I.K., 135-6, 138, 148, 157, 213-14 Kishinev, 146 Kiustendil (Kyustendil), 185 Kizilendzhi (Kizlenci), 63 klephts, 20, 91,109 Kochubei, V.P., 49 Kogälniceanu, Mihai, 150 Kokand, khanate of, 122 Kompan, Colonel, 61 Koronelli, A.Ia., 25 Kovalevskii, E.P., 105 Kovalevskii, G.A., 173 Krassovskii, A.I., 51 Kuban River, 123 Kucuk-Kainarji, Treaty of, 22 299 Kulevcha, Battle of, 44, 50, 53, 73 Kupreianov, P.Ia., 47, 50 Kurds, 35, 98 Kustenci (Constanta), 24 Kutuzov, M.I., 24-5, 34-5, 63 Lamartine, Alphonse de, 88 Lanzheron, A.E (Louis Alexandre Andrault, comte de Langeron), 37-8,70 Lavrentiev, A.V., 125 Laz people, 98 Len, Fedor, 34 Lenin, Vladimir, 128 Levitskii, K.V., 151 Liders, A.N., 113, 118 Liprandi, Ivan Petrovich, 14, 38, 68; as commander of partisan detachment (1829), 70-4, 213; contribution to military statistics, 78-80, 85-92, 154, 175; as military orientalist, 80-2, 91; participation in Russian-Ottoman war (1828-9), 47, 48, 70; as Russian intelligence and police agent, 69, 70, 83-4, 131; and Russian war planning (1853-4), 108-9, 115; writings on partisan warfare, 74-8 Liprandi, P.P., 115 Lisevich, F.K., 193 Livonia, 132 Lobanov-Rostovskii, A.B., 188, 194-5, 204-6 London, 129, 180; Treaty of (1827), 42; Straits Convention of (1841), 93 Longeville, Eugène Perruchot, 89 Loudon, Jane Webb, 89 Lovcha (Lovech), 25,164 Lule-Burgas (Liileburgaz), 64, 171, 178 Luneburg, 76 Macedonia, 9, 86-7, 137, 139, 154, 186; Bulgarian insurgents in, 205-6; Bulgarian emigration from, 196-7, 199; question of, 175, 181 300 Index Macedonians, 78,196, 206 Machin (Mâcin), 9,43, 111, 155 Mahmud II, Ottoman sultan (1808-39), 39-42, 56, 66, 81, 89, 93, 97-100 Makhzar (Mazhar) Pasha, 191 Maksheev, A.I., 122 Mamarchev, Georgi, 62 Mann, Michael, 10 Manzei, K.N., 198 Maritsa River, 9, 87,142,151,172, 175, 181 Marmara, Sea of, 38, 109 Maronites, 98 McCarthy, Justin, 210 Mehedinti, 72 Menshikov, A.S., 43, 94,100,118 Mikhail Nikolaevich, Grand Duke, 144, 147 Mikhailovskii-Danilevskii, A.I., 26, 76, 79 Mikhail Pavlovich, Grand Duke, 80 Mikhelson, I.L., 21-2,102 Milan Obrenovic, prince, later king, of Serbia (1868-89), 136 military revolution, 17 Miliutin, Dmitrii Alekseevich, 118, 129-30, 152, 179; and Eastern Crisis, 135-6, 138; and military statistics, 120-2, 127; and “pacification” of North Caucasus; 123; in RussianOttoman war (1877-8), 154, 158-60, 164; and Russian policies in Bulgaria (1878-9), 183, 187, 195, 200, 202; and Russian war planning (1876-7), 141, 144-5, 151 Miliutin, N.A., 152 millets, 8; Greek Orthodox millet, 94 Milos Obrenovic, prince of Serbia (1817-39, 1858-60), 45, 66 Minkov, Todor, 136 Mirdita, 124 Mirzoian, Manuk-bey, 22 Moldavia and Wallachia, 20, 38, 68, 71, 84, 86, 88; armed forces, 104; autonomy within Ottoman Empire, 7, 81,110,115; Greek rebellion in (1821), 28, 66, 69; Little Wallachia (Oltenia), 42, 52, 103, 107-8, 112-13, 115; organic statutes of, 83, 84, 183; Russian occupation of (1853-4), 94, 102-5, 110; during Russian-Ottoman war (1806-12), 21, 23-5, 37; during Russian-Ottoman war (1828-9), 42; Russian protectorate in, 7,45,127; Russian provisional administration in (1828-34), 4, 83, 104, 183 Molostovov, P.M., 197 Montenegrins, 71, 85, 106, 109 Montenegro, 137, 146, 149,174, 181, 190, 203 Montrezor, K.L., 53, 55, 57-8,61 Moscow, 14, 71, 109, 136, 152; military district of, 165; Moscow Slavic Benevolent Committee, 133,140,165; province of, 76; University of, 84 Muhammed Ali, governor of Egypt (1805-48), 42, 48, 93, 97, 100 Mukhin, N.Ia., Ill Murad V, Ottoman sultan (1876), 137 Muraviev, A.N., 26 Muraviev, N.N. (Muraviev-Amurskii), 122 Muraviev, N.N. (Muraviev-Karskii), 97 Muscovy, 18, 25, 75, 131, 132 Naglovskii, D.S., 170, 174 Nakhimov, P.S., 94 Naples, Kingdom of, 91 Napoleon I, emperor of France (180415), 6, 12, 26-7, 69, 72 Napoleon III, emperor of France (1852— 70), 94 Napoleonic Wars, 10-14, 109, 118, 128, 213; impact on Russian military, 27, 40, 67-8, 213 Index nationalism, 7, 27, 180, 183, 205, 211 Navarino, Battle of, 42 Neale, Edward, 127 Nelidov, A.I., 174 Nemirovich-Danchenko, V.I., 173,174 Nepokoichitskii, A.A., 151, 158-60,179 Nesselrode, K.V., 39, 45,105 Nicholas I, tsar of Russia (1825-55), 14, 41, 74,97, 118, 135; attitude towards pan-Slavism, 84; policy towards Balkan Christians (1828-9), 55-7, 62-3, 66-7; policy towards Balkan Christians (1853-4), 13-14, 96, 103-6, 112, 115, 117, 206,213; policy towards Ottoman Empire, 37,42, 45, 52-3; role in outbreak of Crimean War, 94, 96; role in Russian military planning (1853-4), 100, 106-7, 115-16, 214; during Russian-Ottoman war (1828-9), 43,47,49, 51, 59, 70, 92, 212 Nikolai Nikolaevich, Grand Duke, 179, 183, 189, 194; attitude towards Obruchev, 128, 148; as commander of Russian army (1877-8), 156-60, 165-6, 169,171; and Russian strategy (1877), 150-2 Nikopol, 9, 20, 48, 158, 165-7, 185 Nish (Nis), 22, 37, 87, 88, 135 Nogais, 18, 20 Novikov, E.P., 133, 149,180 Obruchev, Nikolai Nikolaevich, 118, 120, 122, 126-9, 133, 154; and Russian war planning (1876-7), 141-2, 145-8, 150-2 Odessa, 28, 96, 110, 136 Official Nationality, 28 Old Believers (Russian), 8, 45, 155 Old Regime, 12, 18, 45, 67, 92, 212 Oltenita, 94 Orientalism, 30, 64, 80-2 301 Orlov, G.G., 23 Orlov, M.F., 69 Osman Nuri Pasha, 152,168 Osman Pazar (Omurtag), 160,193 Osten-Saken, K.L, 98-100 Ottoman army, 22-3, 46, 90,139,149, 212; Ottoman militia, 35, 98, 146, 193; Russian assessments of, 39-40, 78, 80, 97-100, 134, 137; in Russian-Ottoman war (1828-9), 55, 57; during and after Russian-Ottoman war (1877-8), 170, 186, 189, 190 Ottoman Empire, 4, 8; Orthodox Church in, 8; Ottoman government, 7, 48, 93, 103-4, 106; policies of, 63, 66, 94, 97, 124, 141, 149; post-1878 policies of, 186, 187, 191-2, 195, 198, 205-6. See also Anatolia; Rumelia; Tanzimat; Turkey in Europe Ottoman Muslims, 3,8-9, 88-9, 92, 105, 189; attitude towards Ottoman government, 14, 39-40, 86, 97-100, 124, 134; attitude towards Russians, 20, 59, 99-100; disarmament of, 62, 155, 160, 214; in Eastern Rumelia after 1878, 198, 200, 202, 204; ethnic cleansing of, 210; numbers of, 99, 126, 154; migration of (post-1878), 188, 193-5, 198, 207-8, 211; as perpetrators of atrocities, 3, 61, 66, 189, 196; in Principality of Bulgaria after 1878, 181, 200-1, 207; as refugees, 3-4, 158-9, 161, 165, 169, 190; in Russian military writings, 334, 63-5, 68, 79-81, 86, 135; Russian policies towards, 14-15, 47, 56, 60, 74, 153, 159, 177-9, 191, 210; in Russian war planning (1820s), 36-8, 41, 49, 50; in Russian war planning (1853-4), 109, 116-17; in Russian war planning (1876-7), 137, 146-8, 157, 178; as victims of atrocities, 15, 58, 155, 156, 302 Index Ottoman Muslims (continued) 158, 160, 164,171-3, 178-9, 216. See also Albanians; Bosnians; Circassians; Crimean Tatars; Hermanli: massacre of; Partisans; Pomaks; Rhodope Uprising Ovsianyi, N.R., 175, 178 Palauzov, N.Kh., 110, 111, 115 Palauzov, S.N., 88, 110-11, 115 Palen, P.P., 55, 57 Paniutin, V.F., 171, 172 pan-Slavism, 84,127, 131, 137 Papacy, 88, 91 Parensov, P.D., 151, 156 Paris, 126; Treaty of (1856), 96, 123, 127, 150 partisans: Bulgarian partisans in Macedonia, 205; Bulgarian partisans in Russian-Ottoman war (1877-8), 166; Muslim partisans in early Russian-Ottoman wars, 23; Muslim partisans during Russian-Ottoman war (1828-9), 43, 47-8, 51, 65-6, 73; Muslim partisans during RussianOttoman war (1877-8), 162-3, 178, 212; pro-Russian partisans in Russian-Ottoman war (1828-9), 71-4, 91-2, 110, 213; pro-Russian partisans during Danubian campaign (1853-4), 110-11, 115-17; Russian partisans in War of 1812, 71, 76; Russian theorization of partisan action, 29-33, 70, 76, 77, 139. See also Bulgarian militia; guerilla warfare; peoples war; small war Paskevich, I.F., 118; during Crimean War, 100, 102-4, 106-7, 112-16, 214; in Russian-Ottoman war (1828-9), 44, 144 people, concept of, 27-8; role in war, 33, 67, 92, 212 peoples war, 12-14, 216; during Danubian campaign (1853-4), 117; during Eastern Crisis, 151, 210, 213; and partisan action, 34, 91, 92; Russian discussion of (post-1812), 26-28, 40; during Russian-Ottoman war (1828-9), 45, 47, 66, 212-13. See also guerilla warfare; partisans; small war Pestel, P.I., 27 Peter the Great, tsar of Russia (1689-1725), 7, 12, 35 Petrashevtsy Conspiracy, 84,131 Petrovic, George (Karageorge), 21 Phanariote Greeks, 7, 88 Philhellenism, 45, 65 Philiki Etaireia, 28, 66 Philippopolis (Filibe, Plovdiv), 8, 177, 181, 186-7, 192,200,203; Battle of (1878), 168, 170-1, 185, 207; province of, 173, 177, 185-6, 189, 194, 196-7; Russian occupation of (1878), 208; in Russian war planning (1853-4), 87-8; in Russian war planning (1876-7), 140 Platov, Μ.I., 26 Plevna, 152, 158,166-7,174, 185; Russian defeats at, 164-5,179; Russian siege of, 168,174, 184, 189 Pogodin, Μ.I., 84 Poland, 122, 132, 152, 208; Polish émigrés in Ottoman Empire, 97, 205; Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 18; Polish November Uprising (18301), 28, 82-3; Polish Uprising (1863), 128-9, 132, 152, 204 Pomaks, 8, 154, 177, 185, 208 Ponset, M.I. (Poncet, François-Michel de), 70 population politics, 11,214 Potemkin, G.A., 23 Prague, 84 Pravodi (Provadia), 47, 50, 57 Index Prozorovskii, A.A., 21 Prussia, Kingdom of, 78,82, 120, 133; Prussian army, 75, 98,130; Prussian military reforms, 12 Pruth Campaign (1711), 7 Pruth River, 28, 150 Pushkin, A.N., 32-3 Pushkin, Aleksandr Sergeevich, 82 Rakovski, Georgi Sava, 111 Rauf Pasha (Mehmed Rauf Pasha bin Abdi Pasha), 193 Razgrad, 22,25, 77, 115, 193 reaya, 23, 25, 46 Reichstadt, 149 Reshid Pasha, Mustafa, 111 Rhodope Mountains, 9,154,172,198, 203, 205; Rhodope Commission, 188-91; Rhodope Uprising, 15, 185-8, 190-1, 207, 215 Ribopier, A.I. (Ribeaupierre), 38 Ridiger, EV. (Rüdiger, Friedrich Alexander Graf von), 56-7 Robert, Cyprien, 88 Rodosto, 175 Romanenko, A.S., 155 Romania, 4, 140, 151, 156, 211; boyars of, 69; Bulgarian minority in, 157, 166, 178; independence of, 174, 180-1; Romanian nationalism, 7, 180; in Russian-Ottoman war (1877-8), 166, 168; in Russian war planning (1876-7), 146, 150. See also Moldavia and Wallachia Romanians, 84,86, 105, 131 Romanovs, Russian dynasty, 11 Rot, L.O. (Roth, Loggin O.), 42-3, 47, 52, 57, 61 Rozalion-Soshalskii, A.G., 68 Rozhnov., L.I., 174 Rudzevich, A.Ia., 43 Ruge, E.V. (Ruge, Carl Emanuel Victor von), 68 303 Rumelia, 24, 34-6, 39, 53, 56-65, 86, 99, 174. See also Eastern Rumelia Rumiantsev, P.A., 19,20,23-4, 32,48,103 Rupert, Via. (Rupertus, Wilhelm Jakob), 73 Rushchuk (Ruse), 9, 20,48, 50,115, 178; Russian siege of ( 1877), 183; in Russian war planning (1853-4), 103, 107,111-12; in Russian war planning (1876-7), 145, 147, 150-1 Rusokastro, 53, 55, 63 Russian army, 6, 9,13; compared to European armies, 18-19; impact of French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars on, 11-13; military reforms of 1860s and 1870s, 15, 118, 120-2, 127, 129-30, 136, 138; Russian military intelligence, 38-9, 51, 69-71, 83, 85, 91, 151, 154-7, 166, 193; Russian military intelligentsia, 26-7, 118; Russian military statistics, 11, 15, 64,119-22,127-9, 148; Russian volunteers in Serbian army, 141, 157; Russian War Ministry, 15,105, 124, 127-8, 156, 183; use of Balkan Christian volunteers, 20-1, 52, 57-8, 61-3,71-4, 115-16,214. See also Academy of General Staff (Russian); Bulgarian militia; Cossacks; partisans Russian-Ottoman wars, 6, 13, 32, 55, 64, 103, 122, 213-14; impact on Balkan population, 55, 87, 165, 178, 211, 216; Russian military reflection on, 19, 34-5, 70, 78,91, 141-2, 144 Russian-Ottoman war (1768-74), 19-21, 23-4 Russian-Ottoman war (1787-92), 20, 24 Russian-Ottoman war (1806-12), 25, 31, 35, 65, 70, 89, 102; depopulation and resettlement during, 24, 38, 41, 46, 47; Ottoman partisans during, 76, 86; Russian use of Balkan volunteers during, 19, 21, 46 304 Index Russian-Ottoman war (1828-9), 4,14, 41-68, 70, 89-92, 107, 212; as example of conservative approach to warfare, 37, 92, 97; and Russian discovery of Balkan Slavic peoples, 85 Russian-Ottoman war (1877-8), 4, 13-15, 148-79, 184, 206, 210-11 Sabaneev, I.V., 69, 70 Saffet Pasha (Mehmed Esad Saffet Pasha), 189 Salaheddin Bey, 126 Salisbury (Robert Arthur Talbot GascoyneCecil, 3rd Marquess of), 149,175 Saloniki, 175 Samarin, lu.F., 152 Sarajevo, 89 Sava River, 7 Savonians (Savolaks), 75 Sebastopol, 96,135 Second World War, 11 Selim III, Ottoman sultan (1789-1807), 39,81 Serbia, 4, 68, 81, 84, 86, 88,109,110, 203; borders of, 135, 149, 190, 200; First Serbian Uprising (1804-13), 73, 89; independence of, 174, 211; Muslim emigration from, 79, 86, 181; Old Serbia, 186; in Russian military planning (1853-4), 89, 102,107,11213; Serbian-Ottoman War (1876), 136, 137, 140-1,146 Serbs, 3, 50, 85, 135, 138, 157; in Russian military writings, 88-90, 98; in Russian war planning, 37,102,104-7, 112-13, 115-16 Serres, 87 Server Pasha, 173-4 Sevlievo, 25,160 Shamil, imam of Chechnya and Dagestan (1834-59), 122-3, 141 Sheinovo, Battle of (Battle of ShipkaSheinovo), 168, 170-1, 174, 189 Shipka Pass, 164-5,167-8,174,189 Shkoder, 45 Shtoffeln, Kh.E fon (Stoffeln, Johann Christoph von), 23 Shumla (Shumen), 9, 42,44,47, 50, 58, 62,158,186,193; Ottoman transfer to Russians (1878), 185,191-3, 203; region of, 24, 195, 209; Russian blockade of (1828), 43, 48-9, 51, 70, 72; in Russian military planning (1853-4), 103,107, 115; in Russian military planning (1876-7), 139-40, 142, 145, 147, 150-1 Shuvalov, P.A., 180,188 Silistria, 9, 43, 47-8, 77, 113, 115; region of, 24, 74; in Russian military planning (1853-4), 100, 103,106, 107, 111, 112; in Russian military planning (1876-7), 145, 147,151; Russian siege of (1828-9), 44, 48-50, 53, 73; Russian siege of(1854),96,116 Sinclair (Stanislas Graham Bower Saint Clair), 190 Sistova (Svishtov), 48, 111, 158,160, 163, 165-7, 174 Sivas, 124, 147 Sivers, V.K., 60 Skene, James Henry, 89 Skobelev, M.D., 129, 169-72 Skupshchina (Serbian parliament), 89 Slade, Adolphus, 89 Slaveikov, Petko, 163 Slavophiles, 28, 83, 130-1, 134, 152, 153 Slivno, 57-8, 63-4, 189,196; atrocities in, 170; province of, 55, 154, 160, 192, 197, 199 Slobodzeia (Slobozia), armistice of, 21 small war; during Danubian campaign (1853-4), 106, 108-10, 115; during Russian-Ottoman war (1828-9), 48, 70-1, 73; Russian theorization of, 29-34, 39-40, 69, 76-7, 89. See also guerilla warfare; partisans Index Sobolev, L.N., 154 Sofia, 74, 87,107,142,186,189; province of, 88, 175, 181, 196, 199-200; Russian occupation of, 168 Sofronii Vrachanskii (Sophronius of Vratsa), 22 softas, 173 Soissons, 76 South Africa, 11 Sozopol, 43, 52, 62 Spain, 10, 29, 33, 77 Stoletov, N.I., 157, 163, 167, 213-14 Stolypin, A.D., 166-7; as governor general of Eastern Rumelia, 184-6, 191-2, 196-8,202, 204,206, 214 St. Petersburg, 14,141,146, 156-7, 196, 205; Convention of (1826), 42; military district of, 165; militia of (1812), 58; Ulan regiment of, 53; University of, 80 Stratford de Radcliffe (Stratford Canning), 94 Stroganov, G.A., 37 Strukov, A.P., 171-2 Sturdza, Ioan Alexandru, hospodar of Moldavia (1822-8), 70 Sukhozanet, N.O., 124 Sukhtelen, P.P., 37-8,43 Suleiman Husnu Pasha, 162-3,168-72, 174, 185, 189, 207 Suvorov, A.V., 24, 84 Syria, 93, 99, 156 Tanzimat, 9, 81-2, 93, 97,100,134 Tashkent, 122,136 Tatar Bazardzhik (Pazardzhik), 140, 170-1, 174 Taurida gubernia, 53 Terentiev, Major General, 55 Tian-Shan Mountains, 122 Tibet, 122 Timan, M.A., 53, 55 Timok River, 86 305 Tiutchev, EL, 84 Tol, K.F., 49, 53, 55,61 Tolstoy, Leo, 12,184 Totleben, E.L, 164; as Russian commander-in-chief (1878-9), 183-7, 189-92, 195-6, 200, 202-4, 206 Tott, François de, 32, 81 Trajan Wall, 53 Tseretelev, A.I., 192, 200 Tuchkov, P.A., 39 Tuchkov, S.A., 52, 70 Tudor Vladimirescu, 28 Tulcha (Tulcea), 9, 43, 111, 155,165,167 Tundja River, 164 Turkey in Europe, 7, 44, 81, 85,180, 211. See also Balkans; Eastern Balkans; Ottoman Empire; Rumelia Turnu, 50 Turtukai, 24, 47, 74 Tvitchev, M.D., 155 Tyrnovo (Tarnovo), 22, 87-8, 115, 175; Bulgarian National Assembly in, 181, 196; during Russian-Ottoman war (1877-8), 150, 157-60, 163-5, 174, 205, 207 Ubicini, Jean Henri Abdolonyme, 126, 154 Ungern, K.K. fon., 24 Unkiar Iskelessi, Treaty of, 93 Urquhart, David, 89 Ushakov, N.I., 116 Ussuri River, 122 Uvarov, S.S., 28, 31 Valuev, P.A., 129 Varna, 9,48-9, 124, 150-1, 186, 191-4, 209; Anglo-French landing at (1854), 96, 109, 111 -13; Greeks of, 201 ; Ottoman transfer to Russians (1878), 185, 192, 203; region of, 24, 195, 200-1; Russian siege of (1828), 43,47; in Russian war planning (1853-4), 306 Index Varna (continued) 100,103, 107; in Russian war planning (1876-7), 140, 142, 145, 147 Vasilchikov, I.V., 49 Veltman, A.I., 85 Venelin, lu.L, 85 Veniukov, Μ.I., 122, 129 Vereshchagin, V.V., 167,169,172,174 Verigin, A.I., 39 Vessel Pasha, 171 Vidin, 9, 20, 43, 48, 115, 151-2, 205; region of, 22, 79, 86, 200; in Russian war planning (1853-4), 106-8, 111, 113 Vienna, 112, 133, 149, 180 Vilkov, 72 Vitgenstein, P.Kh. (Sayn-Wittgenstein, Ludwig Adolf Peter zu), 43,47-50, 70 Vlachs (Aromanians), 8 Voinov, A.L., 43 Vorontsov, M.S., 25, 69 Vronchenko, M.P., 97 Vuich, I.V., 77 waqf, 181 War of Austrian Succession (1740-7), 29 War of 1812 (Patriotic War), 12, 25-8, 31,40, 75,213 Wellingon (Arthur Welsley, Duke of), 42,102 western borderlands (of Russian Empire), 122, 132, 204 Wojtkiewicz, Louis, 205 Wolff, Larry, 81 Yambol, 55, 58, 63-4,170,197 Yantra River, 158, 161 Yeni Zagra, 63-4, 185, 187, 189, 203; during Russian occupation and retreat (1877), 162-4 Ypsilanti, Alexander, 28,29 Zabalkanskii, Grigorii, 115 Zavadovskii, M.T., 57 Zelenoi, A.S., 144 Zimnitsa (Zimnicea), 150
any_adam_object	1
author	Taki, Viktor Valentinovič 1979-
author_GND	(DE-588)1026456673
author_facet	Taki, Viktor Valentinovič 1979-
author_role	aut
author_sort	Taki, Viktor Valentinovič 1979-
author_variant	v v t vv vvt
building	Verbundindex
bvnumber	BV049682408
ctrlnum	(OCoLC)1443580159 (DE-599)BVBBV049682408
format	Book
fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>00000nam a2200000 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV049682408</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20240816</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">240513s2024 a\|\|\| \|\|\|\| 00\|\|\| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781487501631</subfield><subfield code="c">hbk</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-4875-0163-1</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1443580159</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV049682408</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">OST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Taki, Viktor Valentinovič</subfield><subfield code="d">1979-</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)1026456673</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Russia's Turkish wars</subfield><subfield code="b">the Tsarist army and the Balkan peoples in the nineteenth century</subfield><subfield code="c">Victor Taki</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Toronto ; Buffalo ; London</subfield><subfield code="b">University of Toronto Press</subfield><subfield code="c">[2024]</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">xii, 306 Seiten</subfield><subfield code="b">Illustrationen, Karten</subfield><subfield code="c">24 cm</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">"Russia's Turkish Wars examines the changing place of the Balkan population in Russian military thought, strategic planning, and occupation policies. It reveals that choices made by the tsarist strategists and commanders during the Russian-Ottoman wars, reflecting a general reconceptualization of the role of "the people" in modern warfare that took place during the nineteenth century. The book explores the tsarist military's engagement with the population of the Balkans in the wake of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. It draws on previously unpublished materials from Russian archives as well as a broad range of published primary sources. Victor Taki relates the discussions among Russian military men to the international relations of the nineteenth century. Russia's Turkish Wars ultimately provides a new perspective on both Imperial Russia's Balkan entanglements and military change in the nineteenth century."--</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Russisch-Türkischer Krieg</subfield><subfield code="g">1877-1878</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4206590-2</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Russisch-Türkischer Krieg</subfield><subfield code="g">1828-1829</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4213047-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Russisch-Türkischer Krieg</subfield><subfield code="g">1806-1812</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4358757-4</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Krimkrieg</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4165750-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Militär</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4039305-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Bevölkerung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4006287-9</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Balkan</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4069099-4</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Russland</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4076899-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Russo-Turkish Wars, 1676-1878</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Russia / Armii͡a / Public relations / History / 19th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Civil-military relations / Balkan Peninsula / History / 19th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Balkan Peninsula / Population / History / 19th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Russia / Military policy / 19th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Guerres russo-turques, 1676-1878</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Relations pouvoir civil-pouvoir militaire / Balkans / Histoire / 19e siècle</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Balkans / Population / Histoire / 19e siècle</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Russia / Armii͡a</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Civil-military relations</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Military policy</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Population</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Public relations</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Balkan Peninsula</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Russia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">1676-1899</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="6"><subfield code="a">History</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Russland</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4076899-5</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Militär</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4039305-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Balkan</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4069099-4</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Bevölkerung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4006287-9</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Russisch-Türkischer Krieg</subfield><subfield code="g">1806-1812</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4358757-4</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="5"><subfield code="a">Russisch-Türkischer Krieg</subfield><subfield code="g">1828-1829</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4213047-5</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="6"><subfield code="a">Krimkrieg</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4165750-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Russisch-Türkischer Krieg</subfield><subfield code="g">1877-1878</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4206590-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Online version</subfield><subfield code="a">Taki, Viktor</subfield><subfield code="t">Russia's Turkish wars</subfield><subfield code="d">Toronto ; Buffalo ; London : University of Toronto Press, 2024</subfield><subfield code="z">978-1-4875-1364-1</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035025159&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035025159&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Literaturverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035025159&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Register // Gemischte Register</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="n">oe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">BSB_NED_20240816</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">355.009</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09034</subfield><subfield code="g">561</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">306.09</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09034</subfield><subfield code="g">496</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">355.009</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09034</subfield><subfield code="g">471</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="943" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-035025159</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
geographic	Balkan (DE-588)4069099-4 gnd Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd
geographic_facet	Balkan Russland
id	DE-604.BV049682408
illustrated	Illustrated
indexdate	2024-11-11T09:06:36Z
institution	BVB
isbn	9781487501631
language	English
oai_aleph_id	oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-035025159
oclc_num	1443580159
open_access_boolean
owner	DE-12
owner_facet	DE-12
physical	xii, 306 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten 24 cm
psigel	BSB_NED_20240816
publishDate	2024
publishDateSearch	2024
publishDateSort	2024
publisher	University of Toronto Press
record_format	marc
spelling	Taki, Viktor Valentinovič 1979- Verfasser (DE-588)1026456673 aut Russia's Turkish wars the Tsarist army and the Balkan peoples in the nineteenth century Victor Taki Toronto ; Buffalo ; London University of Toronto Press [2024] xii, 306 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier "Russia's Turkish Wars examines the changing place of the Balkan population in Russian military thought, strategic planning, and occupation policies. It reveals that choices made by the tsarist strategists and commanders during the Russian-Ottoman wars, reflecting a general reconceptualization of the role of "the people" in modern warfare that took place during the nineteenth century. The book explores the tsarist military's engagement with the population of the Balkans in the wake of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. It draws on previously unpublished materials from Russian archives as well as a broad range of published primary sources. Victor Taki relates the discussions among Russian military men to the international relations of the nineteenth century. Russia's Turkish Wars ultimately provides a new perspective on both Imperial Russia's Balkan entanglements and military change in the nineteenth century."-- Russisch-Türkischer Krieg 1877-1878 (DE-588)4206590-2 gnd rswk-swf Russisch-Türkischer Krieg 1828-1829 (DE-588)4213047-5 gnd rswk-swf Russisch-Türkischer Krieg 1806-1812 (DE-588)4358757-4 gnd rswk-swf Krimkrieg (DE-588)4165750-0 gnd rswk-swf Militär (DE-588)4039305-7 gnd rswk-swf Bevölkerung (DE-588)4006287-9 gnd rswk-swf Balkan (DE-588)4069099-4 gnd rswk-swf Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd rswk-swf Russo-Turkish Wars, 1676-1878 Russia / Armii͡a / Public relations / History / 19th century Civil-military relations / Balkan Peninsula / History / 19th century Balkan Peninsula / Population / History / 19th century Russia / Military policy / 19th century Guerres russo-turques, 1676-1878 Relations pouvoir civil-pouvoir militaire / Balkans / Histoire / 19e siècle Balkans / Population / Histoire / 19e siècle Russia / Armii͡a Civil-military relations Military policy Population Public relations Balkan Peninsula Russia 1676-1899 History Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 g Militär (DE-588)4039305-7 s Balkan (DE-588)4069099-4 g Bevölkerung (DE-588)4006287-9 s Russisch-Türkischer Krieg 1806-1812 (DE-588)4358757-4 s Russisch-Türkischer Krieg 1828-1829 (DE-588)4213047-5 s Krimkrieg (DE-588)4165750-0 s Russisch-Türkischer Krieg 1877-1878 (DE-588)4206590-2 s DE-604 Online version Taki, Viktor Russia's Turkish wars Toronto ; Buffalo ; London : University of Toronto Press, 2024 978-1-4875-1364-1 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035025159&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035025159&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035025159&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register
spellingShingle	Taki, Viktor Valentinovič 1979- Russia's Turkish wars the Tsarist army and the Balkan peoples in the nineteenth century Russisch-Türkischer Krieg 1877-1878 (DE-588)4206590-2 gnd Russisch-Türkischer Krieg 1828-1829 (DE-588)4213047-5 gnd Russisch-Türkischer Krieg 1806-1812 (DE-588)4358757-4 gnd Krimkrieg (DE-588)4165750-0 gnd Militär (DE-588)4039305-7 gnd Bevölkerung (DE-588)4006287-9 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4206590-2 (DE-588)4213047-5 (DE-588)4358757-4 (DE-588)4165750-0 (DE-588)4039305-7 (DE-588)4006287-9 (DE-588)4069099-4 (DE-588)4076899-5
title	Russia's Turkish wars the Tsarist army and the Balkan peoples in the nineteenth century
title_auth	Russia's Turkish wars the Tsarist army and the Balkan peoples in the nineteenth century
title_exact_search	Russia's Turkish wars the Tsarist army and the Balkan peoples in the nineteenth century
title_full	Russia's Turkish wars the Tsarist army and the Balkan peoples in the nineteenth century Victor Taki
title_fullStr	Russia's Turkish wars the Tsarist army and the Balkan peoples in the nineteenth century Victor Taki
title_full_unstemmed	Russia's Turkish wars the Tsarist army and the Balkan peoples in the nineteenth century Victor Taki
title_short	Russia's Turkish wars
title_sort	russia s turkish wars the tsarist army and the balkan peoples in the nineteenth century
title_sub	the Tsarist army and the Balkan peoples in the nineteenth century
topic	Russisch-Türkischer Krieg 1877-1878 (DE-588)4206590-2 gnd Russisch-Türkischer Krieg 1828-1829 (DE-588)4213047-5 gnd Russisch-Türkischer Krieg 1806-1812 (DE-588)4358757-4 gnd Krimkrieg (DE-588)4165750-0 gnd Militär (DE-588)4039305-7 gnd Bevölkerung (DE-588)4006287-9 gnd
topic_facet	Russisch-Türkischer Krieg 1877-1878 Russisch-Türkischer Krieg 1828-1829 Russisch-Türkischer Krieg 1806-1812 Krimkrieg Militär Bevölkerung Balkan Russland
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035025159&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035025159&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035025159&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT takiviktorvalentinovic russiasturkishwarsthetsaristarmyandthebalkanpeoplesinthenineteenthcentury

Verfügbarkeit

Es ist kein Print-Exemplar vorhanden.

Fernleihe Bestellen Achtung: Nicht im THWS-Bestand! Inhaltsverzeichnis

MARC

Datensatz im Suchindex

Es ist kein Print-Exemplar vorhanden.

Ähnliche Einträge