Barriers to entailment: Hume's law and other limits on logical consequence
"A barrier to entailment exists if you can't get conclusions of a certain kind from premises of another. One of the most famous barriers in philosophy is Hume's Law, which says that you can't get normative conclusions from descriptive premises, or in slogan form: you can't g...
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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Oxford
Oxford University Press
[2023]
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| Zusammenfassung: | "A barrier to entailment exists if you can't get conclusions of a certain kind from premises of another. One of the most famous barriers in philosophy is Hume's Law, which says that you can't get normative conclusions from descriptive premises, or in slogan form: you can't get an ought from an is. This barrier is highly controversial, and many famous counterexamples were proposed in the last century. But there are other barriers which function almost as philosophical platitudes: no Universal conclusions from Particular premises, no Future conclusions from premises about the Past, and no claims that attribute Necessity from premises that merely tell us how things happen to be in the Actual world. Barriers to Entailment proposes a unified logical account of five barriers that have played important roles in philosophy, in the process showing how to diagnose proposed counterexamples and arguing that the case for Hume's Law is as strong as that for the platitudinous barriers.The first two parts of the book employ techniques from formal logic, but present them in an accessible way, suitable for any reader with some background in first-order model theory (of the kind that might be taught in a first class in logic). Gillian Russell introduces tense, modal, indexical, and deontic formal logics, but always avoids unneeded complexity. Each barrier is connected to broader philosophical topics: universality, time, necessity, context-sensitivity, and normativity. Russell brings out under-recognised connections between the domains and lays the groundwork for further work at the intersections.The last part of the book transposes the formal work to informal barrier theses in the philosophy of language, in the process doing new work on the concept of logical consequence, and providing new responses to proposed informal counterexamples to Hume's Law which employ hard-to-formalise tools from natural language [...]." |
| Beschreibung: | xii, 303 Seiten Illustrationen 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9780192874733 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a "A barrier to entailment exists if you can't get conclusions of a certain kind from premises of another. One of the most famous barriers in philosophy is Hume's Law, which says that you can't get normative conclusions from descriptive premises, or in slogan form: you can't get an ought from an is. This barrier is highly controversial, and many famous counterexamples were proposed in the last century. But there are other barriers which function almost as philosophical platitudes: no Universal conclusions from Particular premises, no Future conclusions from premises about the Past, and no claims that attribute Necessity from premises that merely tell us how things happen to be in the Actual world. Barriers to Entailment proposes a unified logical account of five barriers that have played important roles in philosophy, in the process showing how to diagnose proposed counterexamples and arguing that the case for Hume's Law is as strong as that for the platitudinous barriers.The first two parts of the book employ techniques from formal logic, but present them in an accessible way, suitable for any reader with some background in first-order model theory (of the kind that might be taught in a first class in logic). Gillian Russell introduces tense, modal, indexical, and deontic formal logics, but always avoids unneeded complexity. Each barrier is connected to broader philosophical topics: universality, time, necessity, context-sensitivity, and normativity. Russell brings out under-recognised connections between the domains and lays the groundwork for further work at the intersections.The last part of the book transposes the formal work to informal barrier theses in the philosophy of language, in the process doing new work on the concept of logical consequence, and providing new responses to proposed informal counterexamples to Hume's Law which employ hard-to-formalise tools from natural language [...]." | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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Contents Acknowledgments xi Introduction 1 I. GETTING STARTED 1. Survey of Counterexamples 1.1 Formal counterexamples 1.2 Informal counterexamples 21 22 42 2. Universality 2.1 First-order logic 2.2 Model-extension 2.3 Taxonomy: Particular and Universal sentences 2.4 Remarks on the taxonomy 2.5 Particular and Universal sets 2.6 First barrier theorems 1Π Analysis of counterexamples 65 65 68 70 72 74 77 78 3. Time 3.1 Hume’s other law 3.2 Tense logic 3.3 Prior’s other counterexample 3.4 Future-switching 3.5 Taxonomy: Past and Future sentences 3.6 Problems with the taxonomy 3.7 First-order tense logic* 3.8 Refining the taxonomy* 3.9 Beyond fragility* 3.10 Refined barriers 3.11 Unrefined barriers 84 84 86 89 90 94 96 99 103 104 110 114 4. General Barrier Theorems 4.1 A more general approach 4.2 Variants and corollaries 116 116 118 5. Modality 5.1 Clarifying the thesis 119 119 121 124 125 130 5.2 Modal logic 5.3 5.4 5.5 Two modal barriers The modal barrier—version A The modal barrier—version В
viii CONTENTS II. GETTING COMPLEX 6. Can, Should, Will 6.1 Ought implies can 6.2 Will implies can 6.3 Tense-modal logic 6.4 Restricted and unrestricted future-switching 6.5 The tetralemma 139 139 141 142 146 148 7. Context-Sensitivity 7.1 Gods, amnesiacs, messy shoppers 7.2 Indexical logic 7.3 Counterexamples to the indexical barrier 7.4 Partial context-shifting 7.5 Resolving the tetralemma 7.6 An intermediate step: the 2011 solution 151 152 162 171 172 174 176 8. Normativity 8.1 The normative and the descriptive 8.2 Deontic-alethic modal logic 8.3 S-shifting 8.4 Taxonomy: non-normative and normative sentences 8.5 The limited is/ought barrier 8.6 Responses to formal counterexamples 180 180 181 185 186 189 193 9. All the Barriers 9.1 QIDMTL 9.2 Five relations 9.3 Taxonomy 9.4 Symmetry, sensitivity, and closure under negation 9.5 Limited General Barrier Theorem 9.6 Analysis of formal counterexamples 9.7 Is there a second interpretation of the is/ought barrier?* 196 196 200 203 204 206 207 212 III. GETTING INFORMAL 10. Informal Models, Informal Logic 10.1 Preliminaries: motivation and inspiration 10.2 Preliminaries: formal is said in many ways 10.3 Formal models 10.4 Informal models and informal logic 10.5 More about Combinations 10.6 The messiness of the natural 217 218 223 226 232 235 241
CONTENTS IX 11. Informal Barriers 11.1 Domain-extension 11.2 Other changes 11.3 Norm-shifting and Hume’s Law 11.4 Analysis of informal counterexamples 11.5 Returning to the surface 249 249 255 265 274 286 ИТх Symbol List Bibliography Index 289 291 297 |
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| spelling | Russell, Gillian Kay 1976- Verfasser (DE-588)1058828304 aut Barriers to entailment Hume's law and other limits on logical consequence Gillian K. Russell Oxford Oxford University Press [2023] xii, 303 Seiten Illustrationen 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier "A barrier to entailment exists if you can't get conclusions of a certain kind from premises of another. One of the most famous barriers in philosophy is Hume's Law, which says that you can't get normative conclusions from descriptive premises, or in slogan form: you can't get an ought from an is. This barrier is highly controversial, and many famous counterexamples were proposed in the last century. But there are other barriers which function almost as philosophical platitudes: no Universal conclusions from Particular premises, no Future conclusions from premises about the Past, and no claims that attribute Necessity from premises that merely tell us how things happen to be in the Actual world. Barriers to Entailment proposes a unified logical account of five barriers that have played important roles in philosophy, in the process showing how to diagnose proposed counterexamples and arguing that the case for Hume's Law is as strong as that for the platitudinous barriers.The first two parts of the book employ techniques from formal logic, but present them in an accessible way, suitable for any reader with some background in first-order model theory (of the kind that might be taught in a first class in logic). Gillian Russell introduces tense, modal, indexical, and deontic formal logics, but always avoids unneeded complexity. Each barrier is connected to broader philosophical topics: universality, time, necessity, context-sensitivity, and normativity. Russell brings out under-recognised connections between the domains and lays the groundwork for further work at the intersections.The last part of the book transposes the formal work to informal barrier theses in the philosophy of language, in the process doing new work on the concept of logical consequence, and providing new responses to proposed informal counterexamples to Hume's Law which employ hard-to-formalise tools from natural language [...]." Hume, David 1711-1776 (DE-588)118554735 gnd rswk-swf Logik (DE-588)4036202-4 gnd rswk-swf Humesches Gesetz (DE-588)4828355-1 gnd rswk-swf Hume, David / 1711-1776 Logic Hume, David 1711-1776 (DE-588)118554735 p Logik (DE-588)4036202-4 s DE-604 Humesches Gesetz (DE-588)4828355-1 s Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-0-19-287483-2 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-0-19-197654-4 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034973578&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Russell, Gillian Kay 1976- Barriers to entailment Hume's law and other limits on logical consequence Hume, David 1711-1776 (DE-588)118554735 gnd Logik (DE-588)4036202-4 gnd Humesches Gesetz (DE-588)4828355-1 gnd |
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| title | Barriers to entailment Hume's law and other limits on logical consequence |
| title_auth | Barriers to entailment Hume's law and other limits on logical consequence |
| title_exact_search | Barriers to entailment Hume's law and other limits on logical consequence |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Barriers to entailment Hume's law and other limits on logical consequence |
| title_full | Barriers to entailment Hume's law and other limits on logical consequence Gillian K. Russell |
| title_fullStr | Barriers to entailment Hume's law and other limits on logical consequence Gillian K. Russell |
| title_full_unstemmed | Barriers to entailment Hume's law and other limits on logical consequence Gillian K. Russell |
| title_short | Barriers to entailment |
| title_sort | barriers to entailment hume s law and other limits on logical consequence |
| title_sub | Hume's law and other limits on logical consequence |
| topic | Hume, David 1711-1776 (DE-588)118554735 gnd Logik (DE-588)4036202-4 gnd Humesches Gesetz (DE-588)4828355-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Hume, David 1711-1776 Logik Humesches Gesetz |
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