Gothic geometry in two Hawksmoor Churches:
Nicholas Hawksmoor’s Christ Church, Spitalfields (1714–29), and St Mary Woolnoth (1716–27) in London, England, are outstanding examples of the late English Baroque. They combine classical elements with forms and ornamentation taken from a range of architectural styles, most particularly the Gothic o...
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| Zusammenfassung: | Nicholas Hawksmoor’s Christ Church, Spitalfields (1714–29), and St Mary Woolnoth (1716–27) in London, England, are outstanding examples of the late English Baroque. They combine classical elements with forms and ornamentation taken from a range of architectural styles, most particularly the Gothic of medieval English churches. While Hawksmoor was clearly adept with the Gothic ‘manner’, it remains uncertain to what extent he was familiar with the underlying design formulas used by the medieval masons. In this study, a new survey using laser-assisted measurement was undertaken at both churches. Measurements were taken of the most significant dimensions in the church interiors, and the proportional ratios between the dimensions were calculated. These structural ratios were then compared with the rational and irrational ratios commonly found in medieval design, including the ratios 1:√2 and 1:√3. A total of 34 close matches were found across the two churches. These matches fall within an acceptable range of discrepancy, which was estimated following a calculation of the level of construction tolerance found in both churches. The large number of correlations found in this study, and the accuracy of the matches, provides significant evidence that Hawksmoor was making conscious and deliberate use in these churches of the design formulas that he is likely to have considered Gothic in origin. The sequence of proportional ratios found in each church makes it possible to reconstruct the steps by which Hawksmoor may have developed his designs for the two churches. |
| Beschreibung: | 1 Online-Ressource (30 Seiten) Illustrationen, Tabelle, Pläne |
| ISSN: | 2050-5833 |
| DOI: | 10.16995/ah.10268 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a Nicholas Hawksmoor’s Christ Church, Spitalfields (1714–29), and St Mary Woolnoth (1716–27) in London, England, are outstanding examples of the late English Baroque. They combine classical elements with forms and ornamentation taken from a range of architectural styles, most particularly the Gothic of medieval English churches. While Hawksmoor was clearly adept with the Gothic ‘manner’, it remains uncertain to what extent he was familiar with the underlying design formulas used by the medieval masons. In this study, a new survey using laser-assisted measurement was undertaken at both churches. Measurements were taken of the most significant dimensions in the church interiors, and the proportional ratios between the dimensions were calculated. These structural ratios were then compared with the rational and irrational ratios commonly found in medieval design, including the ratios 1:√2 and 1:√3. A total of 34 close matches were found across the two churches. These matches fall within an acceptable range of discrepancy, which was estimated following a calculation of the level of construction tolerance found in both churches. The large number of correlations found in this study, and the accuracy of the matches, provides significant evidence that Hawksmoor was making conscious and deliberate use in these churches of the design formulas that he is likely to have considered Gothic in origin. The sequence of proportional ratios found in each church makes it possible to reconstruct the steps by which Hawksmoor may have developed his designs for the two churches. | |
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| spelling | Hales, Jonathan Petre Verfasser aut Gothic geometry in two Hawksmoor Churches Jonathan Petre Hales 2024-01-25 1 Online-Ressource (30 Seiten) Illustrationen, Tabelle, Pläne txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Nicholas Hawksmoor’s Christ Church, Spitalfields (1714–29), and St Mary Woolnoth (1716–27) in London, England, are outstanding examples of the late English Baroque. They combine classical elements with forms and ornamentation taken from a range of architectural styles, most particularly the Gothic of medieval English churches. While Hawksmoor was clearly adept with the Gothic ‘manner’, it remains uncertain to what extent he was familiar with the underlying design formulas used by the medieval masons. In this study, a new survey using laser-assisted measurement was undertaken at both churches. Measurements were taken of the most significant dimensions in the church interiors, and the proportional ratios between the dimensions were calculated. These structural ratios were then compared with the rational and irrational ratios commonly found in medieval design, including the ratios 1:√2 and 1:√3. A total of 34 close matches were found across the two churches. These matches fall within an acceptable range of discrepancy, which was estimated following a calculation of the level of construction tolerance found in both churches. The large number of correlations found in this study, and the accuracy of the matches, provides significant evidence that Hawksmoor was making conscious and deliberate use in these churches of the design formulas that he is likely to have considered Gothic in origin. The sequence of proportional ratios found in each church makes it possible to reconstruct the steps by which Hawksmoor may have developed his designs for the two churches. Hawksmoor, Nicholas 1661-1736 (DE-588)118773488 gnd rswk-swf Wren, Christopher 1632-1723 (DE-588)11880796X gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1710-1730 gnd rswk-swf Architektur (DE-588)4002851-3 gnd rswk-swf Christ Church London-Spitalfields (DE-588)1323869727 gnd rswk-swf Saint Mary Woolnoth London (DE-588)1323870237 gnd rswk-swf Christ Church London-Spitalfields (DE-588)1323869727 g Saint Mary Woolnoth London (DE-588)1323870237 g Architektur (DE-588)4002851-3 s Geschichte 1710-1730 z DE-604 Wren, Christopher 1632-1723 (DE-588)11880796X p Hawksmoor, Nicholas 1661-1736 (DE-588)118773488 p volume:12 number:1 year:2024 Architectural histories / European Architectural History Network, EAHN London, 2024 Band 12, Heft 1 (2024) (DE-604)BV041185030 2050-5833 (DE-600)2726365-4 text/html https://doi.org/10.16995/ah.10268 Verlag kostenfrei Volltext |
| spellingShingle | Hales, Jonathan Petre Gothic geometry in two Hawksmoor Churches Hawksmoor, Nicholas 1661-1736 (DE-588)118773488 gnd Wren, Christopher 1632-1723 (DE-588)11880796X gnd Architektur (DE-588)4002851-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)118773488 (DE-588)11880796X (DE-588)4002851-3 (DE-588)1323869727 (DE-588)1323870237 |
| title | Gothic geometry in two Hawksmoor Churches |
| title_auth | Gothic geometry in two Hawksmoor Churches |
| title_exact_search | Gothic geometry in two Hawksmoor Churches |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Gothic geometry in two Hawksmoor Churches |
| title_full | Gothic geometry in two Hawksmoor Churches Jonathan Petre Hales |
| title_fullStr | Gothic geometry in two Hawksmoor Churches Jonathan Petre Hales |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gothic geometry in two Hawksmoor Churches Jonathan Petre Hales |
| title_short | Gothic geometry in two Hawksmoor Churches |
| title_sort | gothic geometry in two hawksmoor churches |
| topic | Hawksmoor, Nicholas 1661-1736 (DE-588)118773488 gnd Wren, Christopher 1632-1723 (DE-588)11880796X gnd Architektur (DE-588)4002851-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Hawksmoor, Nicholas 1661-1736 Wren, Christopher 1632-1723 Architektur Christ Church London-Spitalfields Saint Mary Woolnoth London |
| url | https://doi.org/10.16995/ah.10268 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT halesjonathanpetre gothicgeometryintwohawksmoorchurches |