The sociology of health, healing, and illness:
With thorough coverage of inequality in health care access and practice, this leading textbook is widely acclaimed by instructors as the most comprehensive of any available.
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York ; London
Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
2023
|
| Ausgabe: | 11th edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | With thorough coverage of inequality in health care access and practice, this leading textbook is widely acclaimed by instructors as the most comprehensive of any available. Written in an engaging and accessible style, with multiple student-friendly features, it integrates recent research in medical sociology and public health to introduce students to a wide range of issues affecting health, healing, and health care today.This new edition links information on COVID-19 into each chapter, providing students with a solid understanding of the social history of medicine; social epidemiology; social stress; health and illness behavior; the profession of medicine; nurses and allied health workers; complementary and alternative medicine; the physician-patient relationship; medical ethics; and the financing and organization of medical care.Important changes and enhancements in the eleventh edition include:Inclusion of material on COVID-19 in the main text of every chapter, with special sections at the end of each chapter exploring additional intersections of COVID-19 with chapter content.Expanded coverage of fundamental cause theory and the social determinants of health.New centralized discussions of how and why social disparities in race, class, gender, and sexual identity impact health outcomes in the United States.New "In the Field" boxed inserts on topics such as medical education and student debt, physicians’ use of medical jargon, and corporate greed.New "In Comparative Focus" boxed inserts on topics such as the 1918 influenza pandemic, infant and maternal mortality in Afghanistan, the patient care coordination process, drug prices, long-term care, |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | xxviii, 479 Seiten Illustrationen 189 x 246 mm |
| ISBN: | 9781032418124 1032418125 9781032418117 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The sociology of health, healing, and illness |c Denise A. Copelton and Gregory L. Weiss |
| 250 | |a 11th edition | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a New York ; London |b Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group |c 2023 | |
| 300 | |a xxviii, 479 Seiten |b Illustrationen |c 189 x 246 mm | ||
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| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 520 | |a With thorough coverage of inequality in health care access and practice, this leading textbook is widely acclaimed by instructors as the most comprehensive of any available. | ||
| 520 | |a Written in an engaging and accessible style, with multiple student-friendly features, it integrates recent research in medical sociology and public health to introduce students to a wide range of issues affecting health, healing, and health care today.This new edition links information on COVID-19 into each chapter, providing students with a solid understanding of the social history of medicine; social epidemiology; social stress; health and illness behavior; the profession of medicine; nurses and allied health workers; complementary and alternative medicine; the physician-patient relationship; medical ethics; and the financing and organization of medical care.Important changes and enhancements in the eleventh edition include:Inclusion of material on COVID-19 in the main text of every chapter, | ||
| 520 | |a with special sections at the end of each chapter exploring additional intersections of COVID-19 with chapter content.Expanded coverage of fundamental cause theory and the social determinants of health.New centralized discussions of how and why social disparities in race, class, gender, and sexual identity impact health outcomes in the United States.New "In the Field" boxed inserts on topics such as medical education and student debt, physicians’ use of medical jargon, and corporate greed.New "In Comparative Focus" boxed inserts on topics such as the 1918 influenza pandemic, infant and maternal mortality in Afghanistan, the patient care coordination process, drug prices, long-term care, | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Illness & addiction: social aspects / BIC2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sociology / BIC2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Medical sociology / BIC2 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804186153642885120 |
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| adam_text | Contents Preface xxi Acknowledgments List of Tables and Figures XXV xxvji 1 A Brief Introduction to the Sociology of Health, Healing, and Illness COVID-19 as a Window into the Sociology of Health, Healing, and Illness 1 HTiAt Is Sociology? 2 What Is Medical Sociology? 4 Historical Development of Medical Sociology 4 Setting the Foundation: The Importance of Social Factors in Health and Illness 4 The Turn of the Century: Development of Social Medicine 5 The Early to MiTtu entieth Century: More Studies on Health and Medicine 5 The 1950s and 1960s:The Formal Subdiscipline Emerges 5 Emerging Areas of Interest 8 Sociological Theories and Methods 9 Sociological Theories 9 Sociological Research Methods 10 The Role of Medical Sociology in the COVID-19 Era 12 Health on the Internet 12 Discussion Questions 13 Glossary 13 References 13 2 The Development of Scientific Medicine A Brief History of Medicine 16 Early Humans 16 Supernatural Belief Systems 16 The First Physicians 17 Four Ancient Civilizations 17 Ancient Chinese Civilization 17 Ancient Egyptian Civilization 18 Ancient Mesopotamian Civilization 18 Ancient Indian Civilization 19 Greek and Roman Societies 19 Hippocrates—The “Father of Medicine” Roman Medicine 21 Galen 22 20 1
Contents The Medieval Era 22 Monastic Medicine 22 Islamic Medicine 24 Scholastic Medicine 24 Medicine in the Renaissance 25 Andreas Vesalius 25 Medical Specialization 25 Medicine from 1600 to 1900 25 The Seventeenth Century 25 The Eighteenth Century 26 The Nineteenth Century 2Ί The Ascendancy of Medical Authority in America 30 Early America 30 The Revolution to the Mid-1800s 31 1850 Onward 33 Forces Stimulating Professionalization 36 The Great Trade of 1910 31 Perspectives on the Social and Cultural Authority of Medicine Paul Starr 37 37 Vicente Navarro 38 COVID-19, Anti-Science, and Challenges to Medical Authority Health on the Internet 40 Discussion Question 40 Glossary 41 References 41 3 Social Epidemiology The Epidemiological Transition 44 The Re-emergence of Infectious Diseases The Social Etiology of Disease 46 46 The Social Determinants of Health 47 Genetic Factors in Health 49 Key Measures of Population Health 50 Life Expectancy 50 Mortality 52 Infant Mortality 53 Maternal Mortality 56 Morbidity 57 Disability 60 Social Disparities in Population Health in the United States Socioeconomic Status 63 Race and Ethnicity 64 Sex and Gender 69 Sexual Minorities 70 COVID-19 and Social Disparities in Health 71 Race and COVID-19 72 COVID-19-Related Excess Mortality in Global Perspective 62 72 38
Contents Health on the Internet Discussion Cases Glossary 73 73 73 74 References 79 Social Stress Definition of Stress 79 Historical Development of the Stress Concept Walter Cannon and Hans Selye A Model of Social Stress Stressors 80 80 80 81 81 Stressors and the Sociological Perspective Types of Stressors 83 Appraisal of Stressors 86 Appraisal and the Sociological Perspective 86 Mediators of Stress: Coping and Social Support Mediators and the Sociological Perspective 87 87 87 Coping Social Support Stress Outcomes 90 91 Pathways Between Stress and Disease Social Disparities in Stress 92 93 The Role of Discrimination in Stress Experiences and Health Outcomes Socioeconomic Status Race 96 Sexual Minorities Cender 97 98 The. Effects of Multiple Disadvantaged Statuses Understanding COVID-19 Stress Health on the Internet Discussion Case Glossary 94 95 102 102 103 103 103 References 104 108 Health Behavior The Concept of Health 108 The Biomedical Definition of Health Sociological Definitions of Health 108 109 The World Health Organization Definition of Health 110 Health Behavior The Micro Approach to Health Behavior Prevention Detection 110 110 113 Micro-Level Theories of Health Behavior 115 The Macro Approach to Health Behavior 119 Understanding Vaccine Hesitancy Childhood Vaccine Mandates 128 128 109 χί
xii Contents COVID-19Vaccine Hesitancy 130 Factors Affecting COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy COVID-19 Vaccine Regret 132 Health on the Internet 133 Discussion Cases Case 1 133 Case 2 134 Glossary 135 References 135 6 131 133 Experiencing Illness and Disability 39 Stages of Illness Experience 139 Stage 1: Symptom Experience 140 Perception and Interpretation of Symptoms 141 Ute Importance of Pain and Pain Tolerance 141 Available (Mis)Information 144 Stage 2: Assumption of the Sick Role 146 Background of the Sick Role Concept 146 Criticisms of the Sick Role 147 Rebuttal to Sick Role Criticism 147 The Social Construction of Illness 147 Medicalization 148 Demedicalization 149 Biomedicalization 150 Stage 3: Medical Care Contact/Self-Care 150 Hie Decision to Seek Professional Care 151 Use of Medical Care Services 153 The Concept of Self-Care 156 Stage 4: Dependent-Patient Role 157 Stage 5: Recovery and Rehabilitation 158 Experiencing Chronic Illness and Disability 158 Relationship Between Chronic Illness and Disability Living ivith Chronic Illness and Disability 160 The Impact on Sense of Self 161 The Role of Social Stigma 162 Long COVID as Disability 162 Health on the Internet 163 Discussion Questions 164 159 Glossary 165 References 165 7 Physicians and the Profession of Medicine The Profession of Medicine 170 Characteristics of Professions 170 The Dominance of the Medical Profession 170 The Decline of Professional Dominance 171 The American Medical Association 173 169
Contents The Social Control of Medicine 174 Internal Control Mechanisms 174 External Control: Medical Malpractice 178 The Number, Composition, and Distribution of Physicians in the United States 181 The Number of Physicians 181 The Composition of Physicians 183 Illustrating the Importance of Physician Labor Force Composition: Conder The Distribution of Physicians 187 Illustrating the Complexity of Physician Distribution Problems: The Case of Rural America 189 The Personal Side of Being a Physician 191 Physician Satisfaction 191 Physician Dissatisfaction 191 Physician Stress 191 Physician Burnout 192 Physician Impairment 192 COVID-19 and the Stability of Medical Practices 193 Health on the Internet 194 Discussion Case 194 Glossary References 184 194 195 is Medical Education and the Socialization of Physicians The History of Medical Education 198 Early Medical Education 198 Reform Efforts 200 Modern Medical Education 200 Tire Foundation of a New Curriculum 200 Academic Health Centers and Medical SchoolsToday 201 The Many Dimensions of Medical Education 202 Medical Students 202 Reform of the Medical Admissions Process 205 The Medical Education Curriculum 206 Curriculum Reform 207 The Medical School Experience 211 Attitude and Mine Acquisition 211 Career Choices 214 Stress 215 Medical Students and the COVID-19 Pandemic 217 Health on the Internet 218 Discussion Case 218 Glossary 219 References 219 9 Nurses, Advanced Practice Providers, and Allied Health Workers Evolution of Nurses, Advanced Practice Providers, and Allied Health Workers 198 222 222 xüi
xiv Contents Early America 222 Post-Civil War to 1920: Professional Medicine ami Separate Domains The 1920s to the 1950s:The Advent of Scientific Medicine 224 Contemporary Nurses and the Field of Nursing Overview 225 Nurse Supply and Demand 223 225 227 Demographics of Nurses 230 Socialization of Nurses 231 Occupational Status of Nurses 232 Issues in Nursing Today 232 Advanced Practice Providers (APPs) 236 Advanced Practice Registered Nurses 236 Burnout Among Nurses and Advanced Practice Providers Allied Health Workers 240 Team-Based Care 241 Perceptions of the Team Approach 243 240 The Patient-Centered Medical Home 243 Accountable Care Organizations 244 Relationships Among Health Care Workers 245 Physician-Nurse Relationships 245 The Relationship Between Physicians and Advanced Practice Providers The COVID-19Vaccine Mandate for Health Care Workers 247 Health on the Internet 248 Discussion Question 248 246 Glossary 249 References 249 10 Complementary and Alternative Medicine The Meaning of Complementary and Alternative Medicine 254 Scientific Medicine and Alternative Healing 256 Orthodox Medicine’s View ofAlternative Healers 256 CAM’s View of Conventional Healers 257 Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine 259 Dietary Supplements 260 Medical Marijuana and Marijuana Derivatives 261 The Dual Model of Care 264 Ί he Efficacy of Complementary and Alternative Healers 265 Chiropractic 266 Origin 266 Basic Principles 267 Historical Developments 268 Organized Medicine and Chiropractic 268 Current and Future Status 269 Acupuncture 269 Origin ofAcupuncture in the United States
Basic Principles 270 270 54
Concents Historical Developments 271 Organized Medicine and Acupuncture 271 Current and Future Status 272 Spiritual Healing and Christian Science 273 Efficacy of Spiritual Healing 273 Public Perceptions of Spiritual Healing 274 Christian Science as an Example of Spiritual Healing Ethnic Folk Healing 277 Curanderismo 278 Native American Healing 279 Preventing COVID-19 Quacks and Scams Health on the Internet Discussion Case Glossary 274 281 282 282 283 References 283 The Physician-Patient Relationship Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship 287 The Parsonian Model 287 Alternatives to the Parsonian Model 288 Key Dimensions of the Physician-Patient Relationship 289 The Appropriate Model of Health 289 Primary Ethical Obligation 290 Establishment of Therapeutic Communication 293 The Influence of Patient Background on the Physician-Patient Relationship Cultural Health Capital 296 Race and Ethnicity 296 Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity 298 Cisgender 299 Patient Satisfaction with Physicians 301 Level of Satisfaction 301 Factors Related to Patient Satisfaction 301 The Current Move to Patient-Centered Care 302 Cultural Competency 303 Health Literacy 303 Patient Activation 303 Other Recent Changes in the Physician-Patient Relationship 304 Patient Adherence to Medical Regimens 305 Factors Related to Adherence 306 Additional Sociological Perspectives on Adherence Behavior 306 Effects of COVID-19 on the Physician-Patient Relationship 307 Health on the Internet 308 Discussion Cases 309 Glossary 309 References 309 287 296 *v
xvi Contents 12 Professional and Ethical Obligations of Physicians in the Physician-Patient Relationship 313 The Approach of Medical Ethics 313 Approaches io Determining Moral Rules of Conduct Relative to Medicine Truth-Telling as an Issue 315 Are Lying and Deception Acceptable Professional Behaviors? The Current Situation Regarding Truth-Telling 317 Confidentiality as an Issue 3 14 315 319 The Tarasoff Case 319 The Meaning of Confidentiality 319 Medical Codes 320 The Laws Pertaining to Confidentiality 320 The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) 321 When Confidentiality Becomes an Issue 321 Justifications for the Principle of Confidentiality 322 Grounds for Breaking Confidentiality 322 Right Versus Duty to Breach Confidentiality 323 Obligation to Treat Patients with Highly Contagious Diseases 324 Historical Perspectives on the Obligation to Treat 324 Laws Pertaining to the Obligation to Treat 324 Medical Codes 325 Physicians’ Perceptions Regarding the Obligation to Treat Rationale for No Obligation to Treat 326 Rationale for Obligation to Treat 327 325 Developing Patient Triage for Hospital Patients during COVID-19 Health on the Internet 329 Discussion Cases 330 Case 1 330 Glossary 330 References 331 329 13 The United States Health Care System Rating the US Health Care System. 335 Based on Systematic Analysis 335 Based on Public Attitudes 335 The US Health Care System 336 The Foundation of the Health Care System 336 The Development of Private Health Insurance 336 The Development of a Non-profit Health Insurance Alternative 33 7 The Entry of Public
(Government-Sponsored) Health Insurance 338 Key Flaws in the Original Government Programs 340 Cost Containment and Managed Care 341 The Financing of the US Health Care System 344 How Much Money Does the United States Spend on Health Care? 344 Who Receives the Dollars Spent on Health? 344 Who Pays for Health Care? 344 34
Contents Explanations for the High Cost of US Health Care 346 The Aging of the Population 346 The High Cost of’Nen Medical Technologies 347 Medical Entrepreneuralism 348 The Uninsured Population in the United States 355 Does Having Health Insurance Make a Difference? 355 Historical Efforts to Reform the Health Care System 356 Health Care Reform of 2010:The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Positions on Health Care Reform 357 Securing Support for the Affordable Care and Patient Protection Act 357 Major Provisions of the Affordable Care Act 359 Who Benefits the Most from the АСА? 359 Key Criticisms of the АСА 359 Has the АСА Achieved Its Coals? 360 Constitutional and Political Challenges 363 Future Directions 364 Lessons from COVID-19 for the Health Care System 365 Health on the Internet 365 Discussion Case 366 Glossary 367 References 367 14 Health Care Delivery Hospitals 370 History 370 The Organizational Structure of Hospitals 371 The Number of Hospitals and Hospital Beds 373 Hospital Ownership 374 Six Key Issues in Hospitals Today 377 Freestanding Ambulatory and Surgical Sites 381 The Traditional Setting 382 Freestanding Medical Sites 382 Nursing Homes 386 Types of Nursing Homes 387 Benefits of Nursing Homes 387 Concerns About Nursing Homes 387 Hospices 389 Home Health Care 391 Formal Home Health Care 391 Informal Home Health Care 393 COVID-19 and Existing Problems in Nursing Homes COVID-19 and Long-Term Care Facilities 394 Health on the Internet 394 Discussion Case 395 Glossary 395 References 395 356 370 393 *v“
xviïi Contents 15 The Social Implications of Advanced Health Care Technology Societal Control ofTechnology Health Care Technology 399 Assessment of Health Care Technology 402 The Social Implications of Advanced Health Care Technology 402 The Right to Refuse or Demand Advanced Health Care Technology Do Patients Have a Legal Right to Refuse Medical Treatment? 404 Can Patients Demand a Particular Medical Treatment? Physician Aid-in-Dying (PAD) 409 Organ Donation and Transplantation 404 408 413 Social Policy Issues Related to Organ Transplantation 413 Ottati Donation Policy in the United States 414 Alternative Organ Donation Policies 415 The Psychosocial Dimension of Organ Donation and Transplantation The Donor-Recipient Relationship 417 Assisted Reproduction 418 Infertility 418 Assisted Reproduction Techniques (ART) 418 Analyzing Surrogate Motherhood 421 Developing Priority Lists for the COVID-19 Vaccine Health on the Internet Discussion Case 425 Glossary 425 References 425 398 398 417 424 424 16 Comparative Health Care Systems 428 Major Influences on Health Care Systems 428 Health Care Services in Low-Income Countries 429 The Central African Republic 431 Mexico 432 Tvpes of Health Care Systems 433 Type T.A Mostly Private Health Care System with Private and Public Insurance but No Universal Coverage 433 Type 2: A Mostly Private Health Care System with Private and Public Health Insurance with Universal Coverage 433 Type 3:A Mostly Public Health Care Service with Private and Public Health Insurance with Universal Coverage 434 Type 4: Socialized Medicine: A Public Health Care
System with Universal Coverage 435 Four Country Portraits of Health Care System 436 China 436 The Historical, Political, and Philosophical Foundation Organization oj the Health Care. System 438 Accessibility of Care 438 Performance of the Health Care System 439 Recent Developments in Health Care 440 436
Contents 440 The Historical, Political, and Philosophical Foundation 440 Organization of the Health Care System 441 Accessibility of Health Care 443 Performance of the Health Care System 443 Recent Developments in Health Care 443 England 444 The Historical, Political, ami Philosophical Foundation 444 Organization of the Health Care System 445 Performance of the Health Care System 446 Accessibility of Health Care 446 Recent Developments hi Health Care 446 Russia 447 The Historical, Political, and Philosophical Foundation 447 Organization of the Health Care System 448 Accessibility of Health Care 449 Performance of the Health Care System 449 Recent Developments in Health Care 450 COVID-19 around the World:The Experience of Sweden 450 Health on the Internet 451 Discussion Cases 451 Glossary 451 References 451 Canada Name Index Subject Index 453 471 xix
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| adam_txt |
Contents Preface xxi Acknowledgments List of Tables and Figures XXV xxvji 1 A Brief Introduction to the Sociology of Health, Healing, and Illness COVID-19 as a Window into the Sociology of Health, Healing, and Illness 1 HTiAt Is Sociology? 2 What Is Medical Sociology? 4 Historical Development of Medical Sociology 4 Setting the Foundation: The Importance of Social Factors in Health and Illness 4 The Turn of the Century: Development of Social Medicine 5 The Early to MiTtu'entieth Century: More Studies on Health and Medicine 5 The 1950s and 1960s:The Formal Subdiscipline Emerges 5 Emerging Areas of Interest 8 Sociological Theories and Methods 9 Sociological Theories 9 Sociological Research Methods 10 The Role of Medical Sociology in the COVID-19 Era 12 Health on the Internet 12 Discussion Questions 13 Glossary 13 References 13 2 The Development of Scientific Medicine A Brief History of Medicine 16 Early Humans 16 Supernatural Belief Systems 16 The First Physicians 17 Four Ancient Civilizations 17 Ancient Chinese Civilization 17 Ancient Egyptian Civilization 18 Ancient Mesopotamian Civilization 18 Ancient Indian Civilization 19 Greek and Roman Societies 19 Hippocrates—The “Father of Medicine” Roman Medicine 21 Galen 22 20 1
Contents The Medieval Era 22 Monastic Medicine 22 Islamic Medicine 24 Scholastic Medicine 24 Medicine in the Renaissance 25 Andreas Vesalius 25 Medical Specialization 25 Medicine from 1600 to 1900 25 The Seventeenth Century 25 The Eighteenth Century 26 The Nineteenth Century 2Ί The Ascendancy of Medical Authority in America 30 Early America 30 The Revolution to the Mid-1800s 31 1850 Onward 33 Forces Stimulating Professionalization 36 The Great Trade of 1910 31 Perspectives on the Social and Cultural Authority of Medicine Paul Starr 37 37 Vicente Navarro 38 COVID-19, Anti-Science, and Challenges to Medical Authority Health on the Internet 40 Discussion Question 40 Glossary 41 References 41 3 Social Epidemiology The Epidemiological Transition 44 The Re-emergence of Infectious Diseases The Social Etiology of Disease 46 46 The Social Determinants of Health 47 Genetic Factors in Health 49 Key Measures of Population Health 50 Life Expectancy 50 Mortality 52 Infant Mortality 53 Maternal Mortality 56 Morbidity 57 Disability 60 Social Disparities in Population Health in the United States Socioeconomic Status 63 Race and Ethnicity 64 Sex and Gender 69 Sexual Minorities 70 COVID-19 and Social Disparities in Health 71 Race and COVID-19 72 COVID-19-Related Excess Mortality in Global Perspective 62 72 38
Contents Health on the Internet Discussion Cases Glossary 73 73 73 74 References 79 Social Stress Definition of Stress 79 Historical Development of the Stress Concept Walter Cannon and Hans Selye A Model of Social Stress Stressors 80 80 80 81 81 Stressors and the Sociological Perspective Types of Stressors 83 Appraisal of Stressors 86 Appraisal and the Sociological Perspective 86 Mediators of Stress: Coping and Social Support Mediators and the Sociological Perspective 87 87 87 Coping Social Support Stress Outcomes 90 91 Pathways Between Stress and Disease Social Disparities in Stress 92 93 The Role of Discrimination in Stress Experiences and Health Outcomes Socioeconomic Status Race 96 Sexual Minorities Cender 97 98 The. Effects of Multiple Disadvantaged Statuses Understanding COVID-19 Stress Health on the Internet Discussion Case Glossary 94 95 102 102 103 103 103 References 104 108 Health Behavior The Concept of Health 108 The Biomedical Definition of Health Sociological Definitions of Health 108 109 The World Health Organization Definition of Health 110 Health Behavior The Micro Approach to Health Behavior Prevention Detection 110 110 113 Micro-Level Theories of Health Behavior 115 The Macro Approach to Health Behavior 119 Understanding Vaccine Hesitancy Childhood Vaccine Mandates 128 128 109 χί
xii Contents COVID-19Vaccine Hesitancy 130 Factors Affecting COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy COVID-19 Vaccine Regret 132 Health on the Internet 133 Discussion Cases Case 1 133 Case 2 134 Glossary 135 References 135 6 131 133 Experiencing Illness and Disability 39 Stages of Illness Experience 139 Stage 1: Symptom Experience 140 Perception and Interpretation of Symptoms 141 Ute Importance of Pain and Pain Tolerance 141 Available (Mis)Information 144 Stage 2: Assumption of the Sick Role 146 Background of the Sick Role Concept 146 Criticisms of the Sick Role 147 Rebuttal to Sick Role Criticism 147 The Social Construction of Illness 147 Medicalization 148 Demedicalization 149 Biomedicalization 150 Stage 3: Medical Care Contact/Self-Care 150 'Hie Decision to Seek Professional Care 151 Use of Medical Care Services 153 The Concept of Self-Care 156 Stage 4: Dependent-Patient Role 157 Stage 5: Recovery and Rehabilitation 158 Experiencing Chronic Illness and Disability 158 Relationship Between Chronic Illness and Disability Living ivith Chronic Illness and Disability 160 The Impact on Sense of Self 161 The Role of Social Stigma 162 Long COVID as Disability 162 Health on the Internet 163 Discussion Questions 164 159 Glossary 165 References 165 7 Physicians and the Profession of Medicine The Profession of Medicine 170 Characteristics of Professions 170 The Dominance of the Medical Profession 170 The Decline of Professional Dominance 171 The American Medical Association 173 169
Contents The Social Control of Medicine 174 Internal Control Mechanisms 174 External Control: Medical Malpractice 178 The Number, Composition, and Distribution of Physicians in the United States 181 The Number of Physicians 181 The Composition of Physicians 183 Illustrating the Importance of Physician Labor Force Composition: Conder The Distribution of Physicians 187 Illustrating the Complexity of Physician Distribution Problems: The Case of Rural America 189 The Personal Side of Being a Physician 191 Physician Satisfaction 191 Physician Dissatisfaction 191 Physician Stress 191 Physician Burnout 192 Physician Impairment 192 COVID-19 and the Stability of Medical Practices 193 Health on the Internet 194 Discussion Case 194 Glossary References 184 194 195 is Medical Education and the Socialization of Physicians The History of Medical Education 198 Early Medical Education 198 Reform Efforts 200 Modern Medical Education 200 Tire Foundation of a New Curriculum 200 Academic Health Centers and Medical SchoolsToday 201 The Many Dimensions of Medical Education 202 Medical Students 202 Reform of the Medical Admissions Process 205 The Medical Education Curriculum 206 Curriculum Reform 207 The Medical School Experience 211 Attitude and Mine Acquisition 211 Career Choices 214 Stress 215 Medical Students and the COVID-19 Pandemic 217 Health on the Internet 218 Discussion Case 218 Glossary 219 References 219 9 Nurses, Advanced Practice Providers, and Allied Health Workers Evolution of Nurses, Advanced Practice Providers, and Allied Health Workers 198 222 222 xüi
xiv Contents Early America 222 Post-Civil War to 1920: Professional Medicine ami Separate Domains The 1920s to the 1950s:The Advent of Scientific Medicine 224 Contemporary Nurses and the Field of Nursing Overview 225 Nurse Supply and Demand 223 225 227 Demographics of Nurses 230 Socialization of Nurses 231 Occupational Status of Nurses 232 Issues in Nursing Today 232 Advanced Practice Providers (APPs) 236 Advanced Practice Registered Nurses 236 Burnout Among Nurses and Advanced Practice Providers Allied Health Workers 240 Team-Based Care 241 Perceptions of the Team Approach 243 240 The Patient-Centered Medical Home 243 Accountable Care Organizations 244 Relationships Among Health Care Workers 245 Physician-Nurse Relationships 245 The Relationship Between Physicians and Advanced Practice Providers The COVID-19Vaccine Mandate for Health Care Workers 247 Health on the Internet 248 Discussion Question 248 246 Glossary 249 References 249 10 Complementary and Alternative Medicine The Meaning of Complementary and Alternative Medicine 254 Scientific Medicine and Alternative Healing 256 Orthodox Medicine’s View ofAlternative Healers 256 CAM’s View of Conventional Healers 257 Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine 259 Dietary Supplements 260 Medical Marijuana and Marijuana Derivatives 261 The Dual Model of Care 264 Ί he Efficacy of Complementary and Alternative Healers 265 Chiropractic 266 Origin 266 Basic Principles 267 Historical Developments 268 Organized Medicine and Chiropractic 268 Current and Future Status 269 Acupuncture 269 Origin ofAcupuncture in the United States
Basic Principles 270 270 54
Concents Historical Developments 271 Organized Medicine and Acupuncture 271 Current and Future Status 272 Spiritual Healing and Christian Science 273 Efficacy of Spiritual Healing 273 Public Perceptions of Spiritual Healing 274 Christian Science as an Example of Spiritual Healing Ethnic Folk Healing 277 Curanderismo 278 Native American Healing 279 Preventing COVID-19 Quacks and Scams Health on the Internet Discussion Case Glossary 274 281 282 282 283 References 283 The Physician-Patient Relationship Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship 287 The Parsonian Model 287 Alternatives to the Parsonian Model 288 Key Dimensions of the Physician-Patient Relationship 289 The Appropriate Model of Health 289 Primary Ethical Obligation 290 Establishment of Therapeutic Communication 293 The Influence of Patient Background on the Physician-Patient Relationship Cultural Health Capital 296 Race and Ethnicity 296 Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity 298 Cisgender 299 Patient Satisfaction with Physicians 301 Level of Satisfaction 301 Factors Related to Patient Satisfaction 301 The Current Move to Patient-Centered Care 302 Cultural Competency 303 Health Literacy 303 Patient Activation 303 Other Recent Changes in the Physician-Patient Relationship 304 Patient Adherence to Medical Regimens 305 Factors Related to Adherence 306 Additional Sociological Perspectives on Adherence Behavior 306 Effects of COVID-19 on the Physician-Patient Relationship 307 Health on the Internet 308 Discussion Cases 309 Glossary 309 References 309 287 296 *v
xvi Contents 12 Professional and Ethical Obligations of Physicians in the Physician-Patient Relationship 313 The Approach of Medical Ethics 313 Approaches io Determining Moral Rules of Conduct Relative to Medicine Truth-Telling as an Issue 315 Are Lying and Deception Acceptable Professional Behaviors? The Current Situation Regarding Truth-Telling 317 Confidentiality as an Issue 3 14 315 319 The Tarasoff Case 319 The Meaning of Confidentiality 319 Medical Codes 320 The Laws Pertaining to Confidentiality 320 The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) 321 When Confidentiality Becomes an Issue 321 Justifications for the Principle of Confidentiality 322 Grounds for Breaking Confidentiality 322 Right Versus Duty to Breach Confidentiality 323 Obligation to Treat Patients with Highly Contagious Diseases 324 Historical Perspectives on the Obligation to Treat 324 Laws Pertaining to the Obligation to Treat 324 Medical Codes 325 Physicians’ Perceptions Regarding the Obligation to Treat Rationale for No Obligation to Treat 326 Rationale for Obligation to Treat 327 325 Developing Patient Triage for Hospital Patients during COVID-19 Health on the Internet 329 Discussion Cases 330 Case 1 330 Glossary 330 References 331 329 13 The United States Health Care System Rating the US Health Care System. 335 Based on Systematic Analysis 335 Based on Public Attitudes 335 The US Health Care System 336 The Foundation of the Health Care System 336 The Development of Private Health Insurance 336 The Development of a Non-profit Health Insurance Alternative 33 7 The Entry of Public
(Government-Sponsored) Health Insurance 338 Key Flaws in the Original Government Programs 340 Cost Containment and Managed Care 341 The Financing of the US Health Care System 344 How Much Money Does the United States Spend on Health Care? 344 Who Receives the Dollars Spent on Health? 344 Who Pays for Health Care? 344 34
Contents Explanations for the High Cost of US Health Care 346 The Aging of the Population 346 The High Cost of’Nen' Medical Technologies 347 Medical Entrepreneuralism 348 The Uninsured Population in the United States 355 Does Having Health Insurance Make a Difference? 355 Historical Efforts to Reform the Health Care System 356 Health Care Reform of 2010:The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Positions on Health Care Reform 357 Securing Support for the Affordable Care and Patient Protection Act 357 Major Provisions of the Affordable Care Act 359 Who Benefits the Most from the АСА? 359 Key Criticisms of the АСА 359 Has the АСА Achieved Its Coals? 360 Constitutional and Political Challenges 363 Future Directions 364 Lessons from COVID-19 for the Health Care System 365 Health on the Internet 365 Discussion Case 366 Glossary 367 References 367 14 Health Care Delivery Hospitals 370 History 370 The Organizational Structure of Hospitals 371 The Number of Hospitals and Hospital Beds 373 Hospital Ownership 374 Six Key Issues in Hospitals Today 377 Freestanding Ambulatory and Surgical Sites 381 The Traditional Setting 382 Freestanding Medical Sites 382 Nursing Homes 386 Types of Nursing Homes 387 Benefits of Nursing Homes 387 Concerns About Nursing Homes 387 Hospices 389 Home Health Care 391 Formal Home Health Care 391 Informal Home Health Care 393 COVID-19 and Existing Problems in Nursing Homes COVID-19 and Long-Term Care Facilities 394 Health on the Internet 394 Discussion Case 395 Glossary 395 References 395 356 370 393 *v“
xviïi Contents 15 The Social Implications of Advanced Health Care Technology Societal Control ofTechnology Health Care Technology 399 Assessment of Health Care Technology 402 The Social Implications of Advanced Health Care Technology 402 The Right to Refuse or Demand Advanced Health Care Technology Do Patients Have a Legal Right to Refuse Medical Treatment? 404 Can Patients Demand a Particular Medical Treatment? Physician Aid-in-Dying (PAD) 409 Organ Donation and Transplantation 404 408 413 Social Policy Issues Related to Organ Transplantation 413 Ottati Donation Policy in the United States 414 Alternative Organ Donation Policies 415 The Psychosocial Dimension of Organ Donation and Transplantation The Donor-Recipient Relationship 417 Assisted Reproduction 418 Infertility 418 Assisted Reproduction Techniques (ART) 418 Analyzing Surrogate Motherhood 421 Developing Priority Lists for the COVID-19 Vaccine Health on the Internet Discussion Case 425 Glossary 425 References 425 398 398 417 424 424 16 Comparative Health Care Systems 428 Major Influences on Health Care Systems 428 Health Care Services in Low-Income Countries 429 The Central African Republic 431 Mexico 432 Tvpes of Health Care Systems 433 Type T.A Mostly Private Health Care System with Private and Public Insurance but No Universal Coverage 433 Type 2: A Mostly Private Health Care System with Private and Public Health Insurance with Universal Coverage 433 Type 3:A Mostly Public Health Care Service with Private and Public Health Insurance with Universal Coverage 434 Type 4: Socialized Medicine: A Public Health Care
System with Universal Coverage 435 Four Country Portraits of Health Care System 436 China 436 The Historical, Political, and Philosophical Foundation Organization oj the Health Care. System 438 Accessibility of Care 438 Performance of the Health Care System 439 Recent Developments in Health Care 440 436
Contents 440 The Historical, Political, and Philosophical Foundation 440 Organization of the Health Care System 441 Accessibility of Health Care 443 Performance of the Health Care System 443 Recent Developments in Health Care 443 England 444 The Historical, Political, ami Philosophical Foundation 444 Organization of the Health Care System 445 Performance of the Health Care System 446 Accessibility of Health Care 446 Recent Developments hi Health Care 446 Russia 447 The Historical, Political, and Philosophical Foundation 447 Organization of the Health Care System 448 Accessibility of Health Care 449 Performance of the Health Care System 449 Recent Developments in Health Care 450 COVID-19 around the World:The Experience of Sweden 450 Health on the Internet 451 Discussion Cases 451 Glossary 451 References 451 Canada Name Index Subject Index 453 471 xix |
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| discipline | Medizin |
| discipline_str_mv | Medizin |
| edition | 11th edition |
| format | Book |
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| index_date | 2024-07-03T23:07:39Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T10:06:36Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781032418124 1032418125 9781032418117 |
| language | English |
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| physical | xxviii, 479 Seiten Illustrationen 189 x 246 mm |
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| spelling | Copelton, Denise A. Verfasser (DE-588)1028245920 aut The sociology of health, healing, and illness Denise A. Copelton and Gregory L. Weiss 11th edition New York ; London Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group 2023 xxviii, 479 Seiten Illustrationen 189 x 246 mm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index With thorough coverage of inequality in health care access and practice, this leading textbook is widely acclaimed by instructors as the most comprehensive of any available. Written in an engaging and accessible style, with multiple student-friendly features, it integrates recent research in medical sociology and public health to introduce students to a wide range of issues affecting health, healing, and health care today.This new edition links information on COVID-19 into each chapter, providing students with a solid understanding of the social history of medicine; social epidemiology; social stress; health and illness behavior; the profession of medicine; nurses and allied health workers; complementary and alternative medicine; the physician-patient relationship; medical ethics; and the financing and organization of medical care.Important changes and enhancements in the eleventh edition include:Inclusion of material on COVID-19 in the main text of every chapter, with special sections at the end of each chapter exploring additional intersections of COVID-19 with chapter content.Expanded coverage of fundamental cause theory and the social determinants of health.New centralized discussions of how and why social disparities in race, class, gender, and sexual identity impact health outcomes in the United States.New "In the Field" boxed inserts on topics such as medical education and student debt, physicians’ use of medical jargon, and corporate greed.New "In Comparative Focus" boxed inserts on topics such as the 1918 influenza pandemic, infant and maternal mortality in Afghanistan, the patient care coordination process, drug prices, long-term care, Illness & addiction: social aspects / BIC2 Sociology / BIC2 Medical sociology / BIC2 Weiss, Gregory L. Verfasser (DE-588)1295578387 aut Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-003-35983-8 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034747061&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Copelton, Denise A. Weiss, Gregory L. The sociology of health, healing, and illness Illness & addiction: social aspects / BIC2 Sociology / BIC2 Medical sociology / BIC2 |
| title | The sociology of health, healing, and illness |
| title_auth | The sociology of health, healing, and illness |
| title_exact_search | The sociology of health, healing, and illness |
| title_exact_search_txtP | The sociology of health, healing, and illness |
| title_full | The sociology of health, healing, and illness Denise A. Copelton and Gregory L. Weiss |
| title_fullStr | The sociology of health, healing, and illness Denise A. Copelton and Gregory L. Weiss |
| title_full_unstemmed | The sociology of health, healing, and illness Denise A. Copelton and Gregory L. Weiss |
| title_short | The sociology of health, healing, and illness |
| title_sort | the sociology of health healing and illness |
| topic | Illness & addiction: social aspects / BIC2 Sociology / BIC2 Medical sociology / BIC2 |
| topic_facet | Illness & addiction: social aspects / BIC2 Sociology / BIC2 Medical sociology / BIC2 |
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