Writing Constitutions: Volume I: Institutions
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| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
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Cham
Springer International Publishing AG
2022
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| Ausgabe: | 1st ed |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | HWR01 |
| Beschreibung: | Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources |
| Beschreibung: | 1 Online-Ressource (637 Seiten) |
| ISBN: | 9783030946029 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Writing Constitutions |b Volume I: Institutions |
| 250 | |a 1st ed | ||
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| 505 | 8 | |a Intro -- Preface -- Comparability of Constitutions -- For Whom Writing Constitutions Is Written -- What Writing Constitutions Does Not Do -- Sources and Examples Used in Writing Constitutions -- Nominal Constitutions and Constitutional Reality -- Writing Constitutions Explained -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Part I: Parliament -- 1: Unicameral or Bicameral Parliaments -- 1.1 Overview of the External Organisational Structure of Parliaments -- 1.1.1 Historical Context and Function -- 1.1.2 Structural Approach -- 1.2 Monocameral Parliaments -- 1.3 Bicameral Parliaments -- 1.4 Remarks -- References -- 2: The Deputy -- 2.1 Status of a Deputy: The Free Mandate, Its Limitation and Protection -- 2.1.1 Overview over the Status of a Deputy -- 2.1.1.1 Free Mandate, Incompatibility, Loss of Mandate -- 2.1.1.2 Purpose and Function of the Rules -- 2.1.1.3 Historical Context -- 2.1.1.4 Related Topics -- 2.1.1.5 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 2.1.2 Details of the Clause -- 2.1.2.1 Is the Mandate Free or Imperative? -- 2.1.2.2 Is the Mandate (In)compatible with Other Occupations? -- 2.1.2.3 Does the Constitution Provide for the Deputy's Salary? -- 2.1.2.4 Does the Constitution List Causes That Lead to a Loss of the Mandate? -- 2.1.2.5 Are the Rules Regulated in the Constitution or by National Laws? -- 2.2 The Deputy: Immunity and Indemnity -- 2.2.1 Overview over Immunity and Indemnity -- 2.2.1.1 Definition -- 2.2.1.2 Purpose and Function of Immunity and Indemnity -- 2.2.1.3 Legal Nature/Character -- 2.2.1.4 Historical Context -- 2.2.1.5 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 2.2.2 Details of the Clause -- 2.2.2.1 Is Indemnity Guaranteed at All? -- 2.2.2.2 What Is the Scope of Indemnity? -- 2.2.2.3 Are There Exceptions for Certain Crimes? | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 2.2.2.4 Is There a Temporal Limit of Indemnity? -- 2.2.2.5 Is Immunity Guaranteed at All? -- 2.2.2.6 What Is the Scope of Immunity? -- 2.2.2.7 Is There a Temporal Limit to Immunity? -- 2.2.2.8 Can Immunity/Indemnity Be Lifted? -- 2.2.2.9 Can a Court Review the Decision? -- References -- 3: Political Parties and Thresholds -- 3.1 Rules Around Political Parties -- 3.1.1 Overview of the Clauses Referring to Political Parties -- 3.1.1.1 Definition, Purpose and Function of Political Parties -- 3.1.1.2 Historical Context -- 3.1.1.3 Procedural Questions -- 3.1.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 3.1.2 Details of the Clauses Concerning Political Parties -- 3.1.2.1 Qualification as Political Party -- 3.1.2.2 Protection of Political Parties -- 3.1.2.3 Ban and Dissolution -- 3.1.2.4 Party Financing -- 3.1.2.5 Necessity of a Constitutional Rule Concerning Political Parties -- 3.2 Election Thresholds Including Allocation of Non-counting Votes -- 3.2.1 Overview of the Threshold Clause -- 3.2.1.1 Definition -- 3.2.1.2 Historical Context and Purpose of a Threshold Clause -- 3.2.1.3 Disadvantages of a Threshold Clause -- 3.2.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 3.2.2 Details of a Threshold Clause in a Constitutional System -- 3.2.2.1 Majority System -- 3.2.2.2 Proportional System -- 3.2.2.3 Level of the Threshold -- 3.2.2.4 Does the Threshold Apply to Parties or Party Coalitions? -- 3.2.2.5 Exemptions to Support Regionally Strong Parties -- 3.2.2.5.1 Option 1: (Alternative) Threshold on District Level -- 3.2.2.5.2 Option 2: No Application of Threshold if Party Wins Several Seats in a Constituency -- 3.2.2.6 Allocation of ''Wasted'' (i.e. Unallocated) Votes -- 3.2.2.7 Regulation on Constitutional Level or by Ordinary Law? -- An illustration of a rectangle-shaded box with a thick borderline.Electoral Laws Referred to in This Chapter | |
| 505 | 8 | |a References -- 4: Internal Organisation of Parliament and Role of the Opposition -- 4.1 Overview of the Organisation of Parliament (Speaker, Praesidium, Committees, Factions and the Opposition) -- 4.1.1 Historical Context -- 4.1.2 Purpose and Function of Parliament -- 4.1.3 Procedural Questions -- 4.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 4.2 Details of the Clauses -- 4.2.1 The Speaker -- 4.2.2 The Presidium -- 4.2.3 Committees -- 4.2.4 Faction -- 4.2.5 Opposition -- 4.2.5.1 Constitutional Establishment of the Main Principles -- 4.2.5.2 Status of Members of Parliament -- 4.2.5.3 Financial Resources of Factions -- 4.2.5.4 Non-parliamentary Actors -- 4.2.5.5 Allocation of Positions of Responsibility -- 4.2.5.6 Procedural Decisions Within Parliament -- 4.2.5.7 Allocation of Speaking Time -- 4.2.5.8 Amendments by the Opposition to Proposed Bills -- 4.2.5.9 Qualified Majorities for Bills -- 4.2.5.9.1 Participation by the Opposition in the Appointment of Senior Office Holders -- 4.2.6 Detail of Regulation -- References -- 5: Investigative Committees and Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.1 Investigative Committees -- 5.1.1 Overview of the Investigative Committee -- 5.1.1.1 Definition -- 5.1.1.2 Historical Context -- 5.1.1.3 Function -- 5.1.1.4 Caveat: Limits of the Function -- 5.1.1.5 Procedural Questions -- 5.1.1.6 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 5.1.2 Details of the Clause Concerning Investigative Committees -- 5.1.2.1 How Can the Parliament form an Investigative Committee? -- 5.1.2.1.1 What Organ Is Responsible for the Formation? -- 5.1.2.1.2 What Majority Is Required? -- 5.1.2.2 What Is the Subject and Scope of the Investigation? -- 5.1.2.3 How Is the Committee Composed? -- 5.1.2.4 What Rights and Limits of Investigation or Intervention Does the Committee Have? -- 5.1.2.4.1 General Powers -- 5.1.2.4.2 Exceptions and Prerequisites | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 5.1.2.5 How Do the Findings Relate to the Judiciary? -- 5.1.2.6 When and How Is the Committee Dissolved? -- 5.1.2.7 Regulation on Constitutional Level or by Ordinary Law? -- 5.2 Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.1 Overview of Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.1.1 Definition -- 5.2.1.2 Historical Context -- 5.2.1.3 Function -- 5.2.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions Concerning Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.2 Details of the Clauses Concerning Parliament's Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.2.1 Right of Questioning -- 5.2.2.1.1 Overview -- 5.2.2.1.2 Written Enquiries -- 5.2.2.1.3 Institutionalized Regular Question Time -- 5.2.2.1.4 Means of Enforcing the Right of Questioning -- 5.2.2.2 Right of Interpellation -- 5.2.2.2.1 Overview -- 5.2.2.2.2 Initiation Threshold -- 5.2.2.2.3 Addressee -- 5.2.2.2.4 Duty to Personally Attend -- 5.2.2.2.5 Obligation to Respond -- 5.2.2.3 Allowed Scope of Questions -- References -- 6: Legislation -- 6.1 Overview -- 6.2 Legislative Initiative -- 6.2.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.2.2 Remarks -- 6.3 Reading of Laws -- 6.3.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.3.2 Remarks -- 6.4 Solution of Bicameral Conflicts -- 6.4.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.4.2 Remarks -- 6.5 Approval and Control of Legislative Acts -- 6.5.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.5.2 Remarks -- 6.6 Parliamentary Reservation and Delegated Legislation -- 6.6.1 Overview -- 6.6.2 Parliamentary Reservation -- 6.6.3 Remarks -- 6.6.4 Delegated Legislation -- 6.6.5 Remarks -- References -- Part II: President -- 7: The Presidential Office: Qualification, Election and Term -- 7.1 Qualification and Oath -- 7.1.1 Overview of the Presidential Qualifications and Oath -- 7.1.1.1 Definitions -- 7.1.1.2 Historical Context -- 7.1.1.3 Qualification Clause -- 7.1.1.4 Oath -- 7.1.1.5 Potential of Misuse -- 7.1.2 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions and Qualifications -- 7.1.2.1 Age Restrictions | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 7.1.2.2 Citizenship -- 7.1.2.2.1 Citizenship Requirements -- 7.1.2.2.2 Controversy ''Natural-Born'' -- 7.1.2.2.3 Term Citizenship ''By Origin'' -- 7.1.2.2.4 Citizenship Requirements for Relatives -- 7.1.2.3 Residence -- 7.1.2.4 Right to Vote and Eligibility -- 7.1.2.5 Education and Religion -- 7.1.2.5.1 An Issue in Poor and Religious Countries -- 7.1.2.5.2 Recommendation for a Democratic Society -- 7.1.2.6 Incompatibilities -- 7.1.2.6.1 Ineligibility -- 7.1.2.6.2 Other Reasons for Incompatibility -- 7.1.2.7 Possible Solutions to Prevent Misuse and Negative List -- 7.1.2.8 Clause to Restrict Amendments -- 7.1.3 Oath -- 7.2 Election of the President -- 7.2.1 Overview -- 7.2.1.1 Definition and Purpose of the Provision -- 7.2.1.2 Historical Context -- 7.2.1.3 Criteria for a ''Good'' Election Clause -- 7.2.2 Procedural Questions -- 7.2.3 Structural Approach -- 7.2.4 Details of the Election Clause -- 7.2.4.1 When Does the Election Take Place? -- 7.2.4.2 How Are the Candidates Pre-selected? -- 7.2.4.3 Direct or Indirect Election? -- 7.2.4.4 In Case of an Indirect Election, Which Body Elects the President? -- 7.2.5 Which Majority Is Required To Be Voted into Office? -- 7.2.6 Is There a Minimum Turnout Rate? -- 7.2.7 What Happens if the Candidate Does Not Obtain the Required Majority? -- 7.2.8 Supplementing Provisions -- 7.3 Duration of Presidential Term -- 7.3.1 Overview -- 7.3.1.1 Definition -- 7.3.1.2 Purpose and Function of the Rule -- 7.3.1.3 Historical Context -- 7.3.2 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 7.3.3 Details of the Clause Concerning the Duration of Office -- 7.3.3.1 Is a Limitation of the Duration of Office at All Required? -- 7.3.3.2 Which Duration Is Advisable? -- 7.3.3.3 Is a Limit of Possible Re-elections Advisable? -- 7.3.3.4 Limited Number of Re-elections After Regular Election into Office | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 7.3.3.5 Limited Number of Re-election After Not Being Elected into Office | |
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| author | Babeck, Wolfgang |
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| contents | Intro -- Preface -- Comparability of Constitutions -- For Whom Writing Constitutions Is Written -- What Writing Constitutions Does Not Do -- Sources and Examples Used in Writing Constitutions -- Nominal Constitutions and Constitutional Reality -- Writing Constitutions Explained -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Part I: Parliament -- 1: Unicameral or Bicameral Parliaments -- 1.1 Overview of the External Organisational Structure of Parliaments -- 1.1.1 Historical Context and Function -- 1.1.2 Structural Approach -- 1.2 Monocameral Parliaments -- 1.3 Bicameral Parliaments -- 1.4 Remarks -- References -- 2: The Deputy -- 2.1 Status of a Deputy: The Free Mandate, Its Limitation and Protection -- 2.1.1 Overview over the Status of a Deputy -- 2.1.1.1 Free Mandate, Incompatibility, Loss of Mandate -- 2.1.1.2 Purpose and Function of the Rules -- 2.1.1.3 Historical Context -- 2.1.1.4 Related Topics -- 2.1.1.5 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 2.1.2 Details of the Clause -- 2.1.2.1 Is the Mandate Free or Imperative? -- 2.1.2.2 Is the Mandate (In)compatible with Other Occupations? -- 2.1.2.3 Does the Constitution Provide for the Deputy's Salary? -- 2.1.2.4 Does the Constitution List Causes That Lead to a Loss of the Mandate? -- 2.1.2.5 Are the Rules Regulated in the Constitution or by National Laws? -- 2.2 The Deputy: Immunity and Indemnity -- 2.2.1 Overview over Immunity and Indemnity -- 2.2.1.1 Definition -- 2.2.1.2 Purpose and Function of Immunity and Indemnity -- 2.2.1.3 Legal Nature/Character -- 2.2.1.4 Historical Context -- 2.2.1.5 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 2.2.2 Details of the Clause -- 2.2.2.1 Is Indemnity Guaranteed at All? -- 2.2.2.2 What Is the Scope of Indemnity? -- 2.2.2.3 Are There Exceptions for Certain Crimes? 2.2.2.4 Is There a Temporal Limit of Indemnity? -- 2.2.2.5 Is Immunity Guaranteed at All? -- 2.2.2.6 What Is the Scope of Immunity? -- 2.2.2.7 Is There a Temporal Limit to Immunity? -- 2.2.2.8 Can Immunity/Indemnity Be Lifted? -- 2.2.2.9 Can a Court Review the Decision? -- References -- 3: Political Parties and Thresholds -- 3.1 Rules Around Political Parties -- 3.1.1 Overview of the Clauses Referring to Political Parties -- 3.1.1.1 Definition, Purpose and Function of Political Parties -- 3.1.1.2 Historical Context -- 3.1.1.3 Procedural Questions -- 3.1.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 3.1.2 Details of the Clauses Concerning Political Parties -- 3.1.2.1 Qualification as Political Party -- 3.1.2.2 Protection of Political Parties -- 3.1.2.3 Ban and Dissolution -- 3.1.2.4 Party Financing -- 3.1.2.5 Necessity of a Constitutional Rule Concerning Political Parties -- 3.2 Election Thresholds Including Allocation of Non-counting Votes -- 3.2.1 Overview of the Threshold Clause -- 3.2.1.1 Definition -- 3.2.1.2 Historical Context and Purpose of a Threshold Clause -- 3.2.1.3 Disadvantages of a Threshold Clause -- 3.2.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 3.2.2 Details of a Threshold Clause in a Constitutional System -- 3.2.2.1 Majority System -- 3.2.2.2 Proportional System -- 3.2.2.3 Level of the Threshold -- 3.2.2.4 Does the Threshold Apply to Parties or Party Coalitions? -- 3.2.2.5 Exemptions to Support Regionally Strong Parties -- 3.2.2.5.1 Option 1: (Alternative) Threshold on District Level -- 3.2.2.5.2 Option 2: No Application of Threshold if Party Wins Several Seats in a Constituency -- 3.2.2.6 Allocation of ''Wasted'' (i.e. Unallocated) Votes -- 3.2.2.7 Regulation on Constitutional Level or by Ordinary Law? -- An illustration of a rectangle-shaded box with a thick borderline.Electoral Laws Referred to in This Chapter References -- 4: Internal Organisation of Parliament and Role of the Opposition -- 4.1 Overview of the Organisation of Parliament (Speaker, Praesidium, Committees, Factions and the Opposition) -- 4.1.1 Historical Context -- 4.1.2 Purpose and Function of Parliament -- 4.1.3 Procedural Questions -- 4.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 4.2 Details of the Clauses -- 4.2.1 The Speaker -- 4.2.2 The Presidium -- 4.2.3 Committees -- 4.2.4 Faction -- 4.2.5 Opposition -- 4.2.5.1 Constitutional Establishment of the Main Principles -- 4.2.5.2 Status of Members of Parliament -- 4.2.5.3 Financial Resources of Factions -- 4.2.5.4 Non-parliamentary Actors -- 4.2.5.5 Allocation of Positions of Responsibility -- 4.2.5.6 Procedural Decisions Within Parliament -- 4.2.5.7 Allocation of Speaking Time -- 4.2.5.8 Amendments by the Opposition to Proposed Bills -- 4.2.5.9 Qualified Majorities for Bills -- 4.2.5.9.1 Participation by the Opposition in the Appointment of Senior Office Holders -- 4.2.6 Detail of Regulation -- References -- 5: Investigative Committees and Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.1 Investigative Committees -- 5.1.1 Overview of the Investigative Committee -- 5.1.1.1 Definition -- 5.1.1.2 Historical Context -- 5.1.1.3 Function -- 5.1.1.4 Caveat: Limits of the Function -- 5.1.1.5 Procedural Questions -- 5.1.1.6 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 5.1.2 Details of the Clause Concerning Investigative Committees -- 5.1.2.1 How Can the Parliament form an Investigative Committee? -- 5.1.2.1.1 What Organ Is Responsible for the Formation? -- 5.1.2.1.2 What Majority Is Required? -- 5.1.2.2 What Is the Subject and Scope of the Investigation? -- 5.1.2.3 How Is the Committee Composed? -- 5.1.2.4 What Rights and Limits of Investigation or Intervention Does the Committee Have? -- 5.1.2.4.1 General Powers -- 5.1.2.4.2 Exceptions and Prerequisites 5.1.2.5 How Do the Findings Relate to the Judiciary? -- 5.1.2.6 When and How Is the Committee Dissolved? -- 5.1.2.7 Regulation on Constitutional Level or by Ordinary Law? -- 5.2 Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.1 Overview of Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.1.1 Definition -- 5.2.1.2 Historical Context -- 5.2.1.3 Function -- 5.2.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions Concerning Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.2 Details of the Clauses Concerning Parliament's Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.2.1 Right of Questioning -- 5.2.2.1.1 Overview -- 5.2.2.1.2 Written Enquiries -- 5.2.2.1.3 Institutionalized Regular Question Time -- 5.2.2.1.4 Means of Enforcing the Right of Questioning -- 5.2.2.2 Right of Interpellation -- 5.2.2.2.1 Overview -- 5.2.2.2.2 Initiation Threshold -- 5.2.2.2.3 Addressee -- 5.2.2.2.4 Duty to Personally Attend -- 5.2.2.2.5 Obligation to Respond -- 5.2.2.3 Allowed Scope of Questions -- References -- 6: Legislation -- 6.1 Overview -- 6.2 Legislative Initiative -- 6.2.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.2.2 Remarks -- 6.3 Reading of Laws -- 6.3.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.3.2 Remarks -- 6.4 Solution of Bicameral Conflicts -- 6.4.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.4.2 Remarks -- 6.5 Approval and Control of Legislative Acts -- 6.5.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.5.2 Remarks -- 6.6 Parliamentary Reservation and Delegated Legislation -- 6.6.1 Overview -- 6.6.2 Parliamentary Reservation -- 6.6.3 Remarks -- 6.6.4 Delegated Legislation -- 6.6.5 Remarks -- References -- Part II: President -- 7: The Presidential Office: Qualification, Election and Term -- 7.1 Qualification and Oath -- 7.1.1 Overview of the Presidential Qualifications and Oath -- 7.1.1.1 Definitions -- 7.1.1.2 Historical Context -- 7.1.1.3 Qualification Clause -- 7.1.1.4 Oath -- 7.1.1.5 Potential of Misuse -- 7.1.2 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions and Qualifications -- 7.1.2.1 Age Restrictions 7.1.2.2 Citizenship -- 7.1.2.2.1 Citizenship Requirements -- 7.1.2.2.2 Controversy ''Natural-Born'' -- 7.1.2.2.3 Term Citizenship ''By Origin'' -- 7.1.2.2.4 Citizenship Requirements for Relatives -- 7.1.2.3 Residence -- 7.1.2.4 Right to Vote and Eligibility -- 7.1.2.5 Education and Religion -- 7.1.2.5.1 An Issue in Poor and Religious Countries -- 7.1.2.5.2 Recommendation for a Democratic Society -- 7.1.2.6 Incompatibilities -- 7.1.2.6.1 Ineligibility -- 7.1.2.6.2 Other Reasons for Incompatibility -- 7.1.2.7 Possible Solutions to Prevent Misuse and Negative List -- 7.1.2.8 Clause to Restrict Amendments -- 7.1.3 Oath -- 7.2 Election of the President -- 7.2.1 Overview -- 7.2.1.1 Definition and Purpose of the Provision -- 7.2.1.2 Historical Context -- 7.2.1.3 Criteria for a ''Good'' Election Clause -- 7.2.2 Procedural Questions -- 7.2.3 Structural Approach -- 7.2.4 Details of the Election Clause -- 7.2.4.1 When Does the Election Take Place? -- 7.2.4.2 How Are the Candidates Pre-selected? -- 7.2.4.3 Direct or Indirect Election? -- 7.2.4.4 In Case of an Indirect Election, Which Body Elects the President? -- 7.2.5 Which Majority Is Required To Be Voted into Office? -- 7.2.6 Is There a Minimum Turnout Rate? -- 7.2.7 What Happens if the Candidate Does Not Obtain the Required Majority? -- 7.2.8 Supplementing Provisions -- 7.3 Duration of Presidential Term -- 7.3.1 Overview -- 7.3.1.1 Definition -- 7.3.1.2 Purpose and Function of the Rule -- 7.3.1.3 Historical Context -- 7.3.2 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 7.3.3 Details of the Clause Concerning the Duration of Office -- 7.3.3.1 Is a Limitation of the Duration of Office at All Required? -- 7.3.3.2 Which Duration Is Advisable? -- 7.3.3.3 Is a Limit of Possible Re-elections Advisable? -- 7.3.3.4 Limited Number of Re-elections After Regular Election into Office 7.3.3.5 Limited Number of Re-election After Not Being Elected into Office |
| ctrlnum | (ZDB-30-PQE)EBC7145548 (ZDB-30-PAD)EBC7145548 (ZDB-89-EBL)EBL7145548 (OCoLC)1351733498 (DE-599)BVBBV049408771 |
| dewey-full | 342.02 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 342 - Constitutional and administrative law |
| dewey-raw | 342.02 |
| dewey-search | 342.02 |
| dewey-sort | 3342.02 |
| dewey-tens | 340 - Law |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
| discipline_str_mv | Rechtswissenschaft |
| edition | 1st ed |
| format | Electronic eBook |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>10874nmm a2200469zc 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV049408771</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">00000000000000.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr|uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">231114s2022 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9783030946029</subfield><subfield code="9">978-3-030-94602-9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ZDB-30-PQE)EBC7145548</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ZDB-30-PAD)EBC7145548</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ZDB-89-EBL)EBL7145548</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1351733498</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV049408771</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-2070s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">342.02</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Babeck, Wolfgang</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Writing Constitutions</subfield><subfield code="b">Volume I: Institutions</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="250" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1st ed</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Cham</subfield><subfield code="b">Springer International Publishing AG</subfield><subfield code="c">2022</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="c">©2022</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 Online-Ressource (637 Seiten)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Intro -- Preface -- Comparability of Constitutions -- For Whom Writing Constitutions Is Written -- What Writing Constitutions Does Not Do -- Sources and Examples Used in Writing Constitutions -- Nominal Constitutions and Constitutional Reality -- Writing Constitutions Explained -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Part I: Parliament -- 1: Unicameral or Bicameral Parliaments -- 1.1 Overview of the External Organisational Structure of Parliaments -- 1.1.1 Historical Context and Function -- 1.1.2 Structural Approach -- 1.2 Monocameral Parliaments -- 1.3 Bicameral Parliaments -- 1.4 Remarks -- References -- 2: The Deputy -- 2.1 Status of a Deputy: The Free Mandate, Its Limitation and Protection -- 2.1.1 Overview over the Status of a Deputy -- 2.1.1.1 Free Mandate, Incompatibility, Loss of Mandate -- 2.1.1.2 Purpose and Function of the Rules -- 2.1.1.3 Historical Context -- 2.1.1.4 Related Topics -- 2.1.1.5 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 2.1.2 Details of the Clause -- 2.1.2.1 Is the Mandate Free or Imperative? -- 2.1.2.2 Is the Mandate (In)compatible with Other Occupations? -- 2.1.2.3 Does the Constitution Provide for the Deputy's Salary? -- 2.1.2.4 Does the Constitution List Causes That Lead to a Loss of the Mandate? -- 2.1.2.5 Are the Rules Regulated in the Constitution or by National Laws? -- 2.2 The Deputy: Immunity and Indemnity -- 2.2.1 Overview over Immunity and Indemnity -- 2.2.1.1 Definition -- 2.2.1.2 Purpose and Function of Immunity and Indemnity -- 2.2.1.3 Legal Nature/Character -- 2.2.1.4 Historical Context -- 2.2.1.5 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 2.2.2 Details of the Clause -- 2.2.2.1 Is Indemnity Guaranteed at All? -- 2.2.2.2 What Is the Scope of Indemnity? -- 2.2.2.3 Are There Exceptions for Certain Crimes?</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">2.2.2.4 Is There a Temporal Limit of Indemnity? -- 2.2.2.5 Is Immunity Guaranteed at All? -- 2.2.2.6 What Is the Scope of Immunity? -- 2.2.2.7 Is There a Temporal Limit to Immunity? -- 2.2.2.8 Can Immunity/Indemnity Be Lifted? -- 2.2.2.9 Can a Court Review the Decision? -- References -- 3: Political Parties and Thresholds -- 3.1 Rules Around Political Parties -- 3.1.1 Overview of the Clauses Referring to Political Parties -- 3.1.1.1 Definition, Purpose and Function of Political Parties -- 3.1.1.2 Historical Context -- 3.1.1.3 Procedural Questions -- 3.1.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 3.1.2 Details of the Clauses Concerning Political Parties -- 3.1.2.1 Qualification as Political Party -- 3.1.2.2 Protection of Political Parties -- 3.1.2.3 Ban and Dissolution -- 3.1.2.4 Party Financing -- 3.1.2.5 Necessity of a Constitutional Rule Concerning Political Parties -- 3.2 Election Thresholds Including Allocation of Non-counting Votes -- 3.2.1 Overview of the Threshold Clause -- 3.2.1.1 Definition -- 3.2.1.2 Historical Context and Purpose of a Threshold Clause -- 3.2.1.3 Disadvantages of a Threshold Clause -- 3.2.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 3.2.2 Details of a Threshold Clause in a Constitutional System -- 3.2.2.1 Majority System -- 3.2.2.2 Proportional System -- 3.2.2.3 Level of the Threshold -- 3.2.2.4 Does the Threshold Apply to Parties or Party Coalitions? -- 3.2.2.5 Exemptions to Support Regionally Strong Parties -- 3.2.2.5.1 Option 1: (Alternative) Threshold on District Level -- 3.2.2.5.2 Option 2: No Application of Threshold if Party Wins Several Seats in a Constituency -- 3.2.2.6 Allocation of ''Wasted'' (i.e. Unallocated) Votes -- 3.2.2.7 Regulation on Constitutional Level or by Ordinary Law? -- An illustration of a rectangle-shaded box with a thick borderline.Electoral Laws Referred to in This Chapter</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">References -- 4: Internal Organisation of Parliament and Role of the Opposition -- 4.1 Overview of the Organisation of Parliament (Speaker, Praesidium, Committees, Factions and the Opposition) -- 4.1.1 Historical Context -- 4.1.2 Purpose and Function of Parliament -- 4.1.3 Procedural Questions -- 4.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 4.2 Details of the Clauses -- 4.2.1 The Speaker -- 4.2.2 The Presidium -- 4.2.3 Committees -- 4.2.4 Faction -- 4.2.5 Opposition -- 4.2.5.1 Constitutional Establishment of the Main Principles -- 4.2.5.2 Status of Members of Parliament -- 4.2.5.3 Financial Resources of Factions -- 4.2.5.4 Non-parliamentary Actors -- 4.2.5.5 Allocation of Positions of Responsibility -- 4.2.5.6 Procedural Decisions Within Parliament -- 4.2.5.7 Allocation of Speaking Time -- 4.2.5.8 Amendments by the Opposition to Proposed Bills -- 4.2.5.9 Qualified Majorities for Bills -- 4.2.5.9.1 Participation by the Opposition in the Appointment of Senior Office Holders -- 4.2.6 Detail of Regulation -- References -- 5: Investigative Committees and Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.1 Investigative Committees -- 5.1.1 Overview of the Investigative Committee -- 5.1.1.1 Definition -- 5.1.1.2 Historical Context -- 5.1.1.3 Function -- 5.1.1.4 Caveat: Limits of the Function -- 5.1.1.5 Procedural Questions -- 5.1.1.6 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 5.1.2 Details of the Clause Concerning Investigative Committees -- 5.1.2.1 How Can the Parliament form an Investigative Committee? -- 5.1.2.1.1 What Organ Is Responsible for the Formation? -- 5.1.2.1.2 What Majority Is Required? -- 5.1.2.2 What Is the Subject and Scope of the Investigation? -- 5.1.2.3 How Is the Committee Composed? -- 5.1.2.4 What Rights and Limits of Investigation or Intervention Does the Committee Have? -- 5.1.2.4.1 General Powers -- 5.1.2.4.2 Exceptions and Prerequisites</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">5.1.2.5 How Do the Findings Relate to the Judiciary? -- 5.1.2.6 When and How Is the Committee Dissolved? -- 5.1.2.7 Regulation on Constitutional Level or by Ordinary Law? -- 5.2 Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.1 Overview of Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.1.1 Definition -- 5.2.1.2 Historical Context -- 5.2.1.3 Function -- 5.2.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions Concerning Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.2 Details of the Clauses Concerning Parliament's Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.2.1 Right of Questioning -- 5.2.2.1.1 Overview -- 5.2.2.1.2 Written Enquiries -- 5.2.2.1.3 Institutionalized Regular Question Time -- 5.2.2.1.4 Means of Enforcing the Right of Questioning -- 5.2.2.2 Right of Interpellation -- 5.2.2.2.1 Overview -- 5.2.2.2.2 Initiation Threshold -- 5.2.2.2.3 Addressee -- 5.2.2.2.4 Duty to Personally Attend -- 5.2.2.2.5 Obligation to Respond -- 5.2.2.3 Allowed Scope of Questions -- References -- 6: Legislation -- 6.1 Overview -- 6.2 Legislative Initiative -- 6.2.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.2.2 Remarks -- 6.3 Reading of Laws -- 6.3.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.3.2 Remarks -- 6.4 Solution of Bicameral Conflicts -- 6.4.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.4.2 Remarks -- 6.5 Approval and Control of Legislative Acts -- 6.5.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.5.2 Remarks -- 6.6 Parliamentary Reservation and Delegated Legislation -- 6.6.1 Overview -- 6.6.2 Parliamentary Reservation -- 6.6.3 Remarks -- 6.6.4 Delegated Legislation -- 6.6.5 Remarks -- References -- Part II: President -- 7: The Presidential Office: Qualification, Election and Term -- 7.1 Qualification and Oath -- 7.1.1 Overview of the Presidential Qualifications and Oath -- 7.1.1.1 Definitions -- 7.1.1.2 Historical Context -- 7.1.1.3 Qualification Clause -- 7.1.1.4 Oath -- 7.1.1.5 Potential of Misuse -- 7.1.2 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions and Qualifications -- 7.1.2.1 Age Restrictions</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">7.1.2.2 Citizenship -- 7.1.2.2.1 Citizenship Requirements -- 7.1.2.2.2 Controversy ''Natural-Born'' -- 7.1.2.2.3 Term Citizenship ''By Origin'' -- 7.1.2.2.4 Citizenship Requirements for Relatives -- 7.1.2.3 Residence -- 7.1.2.4 Right to Vote and Eligibility -- 7.1.2.5 Education and Religion -- 7.1.2.5.1 An Issue in Poor and Religious Countries -- 7.1.2.5.2 Recommendation for a Democratic Society -- 7.1.2.6 Incompatibilities -- 7.1.2.6.1 Ineligibility -- 7.1.2.6.2 Other Reasons for Incompatibility -- 7.1.2.7 Possible Solutions to Prevent Misuse and Negative List -- 7.1.2.8 Clause to Restrict Amendments -- 7.1.3 Oath -- 7.2 Election of the President -- 7.2.1 Overview -- 7.2.1.1 Definition and Purpose of the Provision -- 7.2.1.2 Historical Context -- 7.2.1.3 Criteria for a ''Good'' Election Clause -- 7.2.2 Procedural Questions -- 7.2.3 Structural Approach -- 7.2.4 Details of the Election Clause -- 7.2.4.1 When Does the Election Take Place? -- 7.2.4.2 How Are the Candidates Pre-selected? -- 7.2.4.3 Direct or Indirect Election? -- 7.2.4.4 In Case of an Indirect Election, Which Body Elects the President? -- 7.2.5 Which Majority Is Required To Be Voted into Office? -- 7.2.6 Is There a Minimum Turnout Rate? -- 7.2.7 What Happens if the Candidate Does Not Obtain the Required Majority? -- 7.2.8 Supplementing Provisions -- 7.3 Duration of Presidential Term -- 7.3.1 Overview -- 7.3.1.1 Definition -- 7.3.1.2 Purpose and Function of the Rule -- 7.3.1.3 Historical Context -- 7.3.2 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 7.3.3 Details of the Clause Concerning the Duration of Office -- 7.3.3.1 Is a Limitation of the Duration of Office at All Required? -- 7.3.3.2 Which Duration Is Advisable? -- 7.3.3.3 Is a Limit of Possible Re-elections Advisable? -- 7.3.3.4 Limited Number of Re-elections After Regular Election into Office</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">7.3.3.5 Limited Number of Re-election After Not Being Elected into Office</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Constitutional law</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Weber, Albrecht</subfield><subfield code="e">Sonstige</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Druck-Ausgabe</subfield><subfield code="a">Babeck, Wolfgang</subfield><subfield code="t">Writing Constitutions</subfield><subfield code="d">Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2022</subfield><subfield code="z">9783030946012</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-30-PQE</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034735855</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/hwr/detail.action?docID=7145548</subfield><subfield code="l">HWR01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-30-PQE</subfield><subfield code="q">HWR_PDA_PQE</subfield><subfield code="x">Aggregator</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| id | DE-604.BV049408771 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T23:05:37Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T10:06:17Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783030946029 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034735855 |
| oclc_num | 1351733498 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-2070s |
| owner_facet | DE-2070s |
| physical | 1 Online-Ressource (637 Seiten) |
| psigel | ZDB-30-PQE ZDB-30-PQE HWR_PDA_PQE |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateSearch | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | Springer International Publishing AG |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Babeck, Wolfgang Verfasser aut Writing Constitutions Volume I: Institutions 1st ed Cham Springer International Publishing AG 2022 ©2022 1 Online-Ressource (637 Seiten) txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources Intro -- Preface -- Comparability of Constitutions -- For Whom Writing Constitutions Is Written -- What Writing Constitutions Does Not Do -- Sources and Examples Used in Writing Constitutions -- Nominal Constitutions and Constitutional Reality -- Writing Constitutions Explained -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Part I: Parliament -- 1: Unicameral or Bicameral Parliaments -- 1.1 Overview of the External Organisational Structure of Parliaments -- 1.1.1 Historical Context and Function -- 1.1.2 Structural Approach -- 1.2 Monocameral Parliaments -- 1.3 Bicameral Parliaments -- 1.4 Remarks -- References -- 2: The Deputy -- 2.1 Status of a Deputy: The Free Mandate, Its Limitation and Protection -- 2.1.1 Overview over the Status of a Deputy -- 2.1.1.1 Free Mandate, Incompatibility, Loss of Mandate -- 2.1.1.2 Purpose and Function of the Rules -- 2.1.1.3 Historical Context -- 2.1.1.4 Related Topics -- 2.1.1.5 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 2.1.2 Details of the Clause -- 2.1.2.1 Is the Mandate Free or Imperative? -- 2.1.2.2 Is the Mandate (In)compatible with Other Occupations? -- 2.1.2.3 Does the Constitution Provide for the Deputy's Salary? -- 2.1.2.4 Does the Constitution List Causes That Lead to a Loss of the Mandate? -- 2.1.2.5 Are the Rules Regulated in the Constitution or by National Laws? -- 2.2 The Deputy: Immunity and Indemnity -- 2.2.1 Overview over Immunity and Indemnity -- 2.2.1.1 Definition -- 2.2.1.2 Purpose and Function of Immunity and Indemnity -- 2.2.1.3 Legal Nature/Character -- 2.2.1.4 Historical Context -- 2.2.1.5 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 2.2.2 Details of the Clause -- 2.2.2.1 Is Indemnity Guaranteed at All? -- 2.2.2.2 What Is the Scope of Indemnity? -- 2.2.2.3 Are There Exceptions for Certain Crimes? 2.2.2.4 Is There a Temporal Limit of Indemnity? -- 2.2.2.5 Is Immunity Guaranteed at All? -- 2.2.2.6 What Is the Scope of Immunity? -- 2.2.2.7 Is There a Temporal Limit to Immunity? -- 2.2.2.8 Can Immunity/Indemnity Be Lifted? -- 2.2.2.9 Can a Court Review the Decision? -- References -- 3: Political Parties and Thresholds -- 3.1 Rules Around Political Parties -- 3.1.1 Overview of the Clauses Referring to Political Parties -- 3.1.1.1 Definition, Purpose and Function of Political Parties -- 3.1.1.2 Historical Context -- 3.1.1.3 Procedural Questions -- 3.1.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 3.1.2 Details of the Clauses Concerning Political Parties -- 3.1.2.1 Qualification as Political Party -- 3.1.2.2 Protection of Political Parties -- 3.1.2.3 Ban and Dissolution -- 3.1.2.4 Party Financing -- 3.1.2.5 Necessity of a Constitutional Rule Concerning Political Parties -- 3.2 Election Thresholds Including Allocation of Non-counting Votes -- 3.2.1 Overview of the Threshold Clause -- 3.2.1.1 Definition -- 3.2.1.2 Historical Context and Purpose of a Threshold Clause -- 3.2.1.3 Disadvantages of a Threshold Clause -- 3.2.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 3.2.2 Details of a Threshold Clause in a Constitutional System -- 3.2.2.1 Majority System -- 3.2.2.2 Proportional System -- 3.2.2.3 Level of the Threshold -- 3.2.2.4 Does the Threshold Apply to Parties or Party Coalitions? -- 3.2.2.5 Exemptions to Support Regionally Strong Parties -- 3.2.2.5.1 Option 1: (Alternative) Threshold on District Level -- 3.2.2.5.2 Option 2: No Application of Threshold if Party Wins Several Seats in a Constituency -- 3.2.2.6 Allocation of ''Wasted'' (i.e. Unallocated) Votes -- 3.2.2.7 Regulation on Constitutional Level or by Ordinary Law? -- An illustration of a rectangle-shaded box with a thick borderline.Electoral Laws Referred to in This Chapter References -- 4: Internal Organisation of Parliament and Role of the Opposition -- 4.1 Overview of the Organisation of Parliament (Speaker, Praesidium, Committees, Factions and the Opposition) -- 4.1.1 Historical Context -- 4.1.2 Purpose and Function of Parliament -- 4.1.3 Procedural Questions -- 4.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 4.2 Details of the Clauses -- 4.2.1 The Speaker -- 4.2.2 The Presidium -- 4.2.3 Committees -- 4.2.4 Faction -- 4.2.5 Opposition -- 4.2.5.1 Constitutional Establishment of the Main Principles -- 4.2.5.2 Status of Members of Parliament -- 4.2.5.3 Financial Resources of Factions -- 4.2.5.4 Non-parliamentary Actors -- 4.2.5.5 Allocation of Positions of Responsibility -- 4.2.5.6 Procedural Decisions Within Parliament -- 4.2.5.7 Allocation of Speaking Time -- 4.2.5.8 Amendments by the Opposition to Proposed Bills -- 4.2.5.9 Qualified Majorities for Bills -- 4.2.5.9.1 Participation by the Opposition in the Appointment of Senior Office Holders -- 4.2.6 Detail of Regulation -- References -- 5: Investigative Committees and Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.1 Investigative Committees -- 5.1.1 Overview of the Investigative Committee -- 5.1.1.1 Definition -- 5.1.1.2 Historical Context -- 5.1.1.3 Function -- 5.1.1.4 Caveat: Limits of the Function -- 5.1.1.5 Procedural Questions -- 5.1.1.6 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 5.1.2 Details of the Clause Concerning Investigative Committees -- 5.1.2.1 How Can the Parliament form an Investigative Committee? -- 5.1.2.1.1 What Organ Is Responsible for the Formation? -- 5.1.2.1.2 What Majority Is Required? -- 5.1.2.2 What Is the Subject and Scope of the Investigation? -- 5.1.2.3 How Is the Committee Composed? -- 5.1.2.4 What Rights and Limits of Investigation or Intervention Does the Committee Have? -- 5.1.2.4.1 General Powers -- 5.1.2.4.2 Exceptions and Prerequisites 5.1.2.5 How Do the Findings Relate to the Judiciary? -- 5.1.2.6 When and How Is the Committee Dissolved? -- 5.1.2.7 Regulation on Constitutional Level or by Ordinary Law? -- 5.2 Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.1 Overview of Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.1.1 Definition -- 5.2.1.2 Historical Context -- 5.2.1.3 Function -- 5.2.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions Concerning Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.2 Details of the Clauses Concerning Parliament's Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.2.1 Right of Questioning -- 5.2.2.1.1 Overview -- 5.2.2.1.2 Written Enquiries -- 5.2.2.1.3 Institutionalized Regular Question Time -- 5.2.2.1.4 Means of Enforcing the Right of Questioning -- 5.2.2.2 Right of Interpellation -- 5.2.2.2.1 Overview -- 5.2.2.2.2 Initiation Threshold -- 5.2.2.2.3 Addressee -- 5.2.2.2.4 Duty to Personally Attend -- 5.2.2.2.5 Obligation to Respond -- 5.2.2.3 Allowed Scope of Questions -- References -- 6: Legislation -- 6.1 Overview -- 6.2 Legislative Initiative -- 6.2.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.2.2 Remarks -- 6.3 Reading of Laws -- 6.3.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.3.2 Remarks -- 6.4 Solution of Bicameral Conflicts -- 6.4.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.4.2 Remarks -- 6.5 Approval and Control of Legislative Acts -- 6.5.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.5.2 Remarks -- 6.6 Parliamentary Reservation and Delegated Legislation -- 6.6.1 Overview -- 6.6.2 Parliamentary Reservation -- 6.6.3 Remarks -- 6.6.4 Delegated Legislation -- 6.6.5 Remarks -- References -- Part II: President -- 7: The Presidential Office: Qualification, Election and Term -- 7.1 Qualification and Oath -- 7.1.1 Overview of the Presidential Qualifications and Oath -- 7.1.1.1 Definitions -- 7.1.1.2 Historical Context -- 7.1.1.3 Qualification Clause -- 7.1.1.4 Oath -- 7.1.1.5 Potential of Misuse -- 7.1.2 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions and Qualifications -- 7.1.2.1 Age Restrictions 7.1.2.2 Citizenship -- 7.1.2.2.1 Citizenship Requirements -- 7.1.2.2.2 Controversy ''Natural-Born'' -- 7.1.2.2.3 Term Citizenship ''By Origin'' -- 7.1.2.2.4 Citizenship Requirements for Relatives -- 7.1.2.3 Residence -- 7.1.2.4 Right to Vote and Eligibility -- 7.1.2.5 Education and Religion -- 7.1.2.5.1 An Issue in Poor and Religious Countries -- 7.1.2.5.2 Recommendation for a Democratic Society -- 7.1.2.6 Incompatibilities -- 7.1.2.6.1 Ineligibility -- 7.1.2.6.2 Other Reasons for Incompatibility -- 7.1.2.7 Possible Solutions to Prevent Misuse and Negative List -- 7.1.2.8 Clause to Restrict Amendments -- 7.1.3 Oath -- 7.2 Election of the President -- 7.2.1 Overview -- 7.2.1.1 Definition and Purpose of the Provision -- 7.2.1.2 Historical Context -- 7.2.1.3 Criteria for a ''Good'' Election Clause -- 7.2.2 Procedural Questions -- 7.2.3 Structural Approach -- 7.2.4 Details of the Election Clause -- 7.2.4.1 When Does the Election Take Place? -- 7.2.4.2 How Are the Candidates Pre-selected? -- 7.2.4.3 Direct or Indirect Election? -- 7.2.4.4 In Case of an Indirect Election, Which Body Elects the President? -- 7.2.5 Which Majority Is Required To Be Voted into Office? -- 7.2.6 Is There a Minimum Turnout Rate? -- 7.2.7 What Happens if the Candidate Does Not Obtain the Required Majority? -- 7.2.8 Supplementing Provisions -- 7.3 Duration of Presidential Term -- 7.3.1 Overview -- 7.3.1.1 Definition -- 7.3.1.2 Purpose and Function of the Rule -- 7.3.1.3 Historical Context -- 7.3.2 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 7.3.3 Details of the Clause Concerning the Duration of Office -- 7.3.3.1 Is a Limitation of the Duration of Office at All Required? -- 7.3.3.2 Which Duration Is Advisable? -- 7.3.3.3 Is a Limit of Possible Re-elections Advisable? -- 7.3.3.4 Limited Number of Re-elections After Regular Election into Office 7.3.3.5 Limited Number of Re-election After Not Being Elected into Office Constitutional law Weber, Albrecht Sonstige oth Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Babeck, Wolfgang Writing Constitutions Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2022 9783030946012 |
| spellingShingle | Babeck, Wolfgang Writing Constitutions Volume I: Institutions Intro -- Preface -- Comparability of Constitutions -- For Whom Writing Constitutions Is Written -- What Writing Constitutions Does Not Do -- Sources and Examples Used in Writing Constitutions -- Nominal Constitutions and Constitutional Reality -- Writing Constitutions Explained -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Part I: Parliament -- 1: Unicameral or Bicameral Parliaments -- 1.1 Overview of the External Organisational Structure of Parliaments -- 1.1.1 Historical Context and Function -- 1.1.2 Structural Approach -- 1.2 Monocameral Parliaments -- 1.3 Bicameral Parliaments -- 1.4 Remarks -- References -- 2: The Deputy -- 2.1 Status of a Deputy: The Free Mandate, Its Limitation and Protection -- 2.1.1 Overview over the Status of a Deputy -- 2.1.1.1 Free Mandate, Incompatibility, Loss of Mandate -- 2.1.1.2 Purpose and Function of the Rules -- 2.1.1.3 Historical Context -- 2.1.1.4 Related Topics -- 2.1.1.5 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 2.1.2 Details of the Clause -- 2.1.2.1 Is the Mandate Free or Imperative? -- 2.1.2.2 Is the Mandate (In)compatible with Other Occupations? -- 2.1.2.3 Does the Constitution Provide for the Deputy's Salary? -- 2.1.2.4 Does the Constitution List Causes That Lead to a Loss of the Mandate? -- 2.1.2.5 Are the Rules Regulated in the Constitution or by National Laws? -- 2.2 The Deputy: Immunity and Indemnity -- 2.2.1 Overview over Immunity and Indemnity -- 2.2.1.1 Definition -- 2.2.1.2 Purpose and Function of Immunity and Indemnity -- 2.2.1.3 Legal Nature/Character -- 2.2.1.4 Historical Context -- 2.2.1.5 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 2.2.2 Details of the Clause -- 2.2.2.1 Is Indemnity Guaranteed at All? -- 2.2.2.2 What Is the Scope of Indemnity? -- 2.2.2.3 Are There Exceptions for Certain Crimes? 2.2.2.4 Is There a Temporal Limit of Indemnity? -- 2.2.2.5 Is Immunity Guaranteed at All? -- 2.2.2.6 What Is the Scope of Immunity? -- 2.2.2.7 Is There a Temporal Limit to Immunity? -- 2.2.2.8 Can Immunity/Indemnity Be Lifted? -- 2.2.2.9 Can a Court Review the Decision? -- References -- 3: Political Parties and Thresholds -- 3.1 Rules Around Political Parties -- 3.1.1 Overview of the Clauses Referring to Political Parties -- 3.1.1.1 Definition, Purpose and Function of Political Parties -- 3.1.1.2 Historical Context -- 3.1.1.3 Procedural Questions -- 3.1.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 3.1.2 Details of the Clauses Concerning Political Parties -- 3.1.2.1 Qualification as Political Party -- 3.1.2.2 Protection of Political Parties -- 3.1.2.3 Ban and Dissolution -- 3.1.2.4 Party Financing -- 3.1.2.5 Necessity of a Constitutional Rule Concerning Political Parties -- 3.2 Election Thresholds Including Allocation of Non-counting Votes -- 3.2.1 Overview of the Threshold Clause -- 3.2.1.1 Definition -- 3.2.1.2 Historical Context and Purpose of a Threshold Clause -- 3.2.1.3 Disadvantages of a Threshold Clause -- 3.2.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 3.2.2 Details of a Threshold Clause in a Constitutional System -- 3.2.2.1 Majority System -- 3.2.2.2 Proportional System -- 3.2.2.3 Level of the Threshold -- 3.2.2.4 Does the Threshold Apply to Parties or Party Coalitions? -- 3.2.2.5 Exemptions to Support Regionally Strong Parties -- 3.2.2.5.1 Option 1: (Alternative) Threshold on District Level -- 3.2.2.5.2 Option 2: No Application of Threshold if Party Wins Several Seats in a Constituency -- 3.2.2.6 Allocation of ''Wasted'' (i.e. Unallocated) Votes -- 3.2.2.7 Regulation on Constitutional Level or by Ordinary Law? -- An illustration of a rectangle-shaded box with a thick borderline.Electoral Laws Referred to in This Chapter References -- 4: Internal Organisation of Parliament and Role of the Opposition -- 4.1 Overview of the Organisation of Parliament (Speaker, Praesidium, Committees, Factions and the Opposition) -- 4.1.1 Historical Context -- 4.1.2 Purpose and Function of Parliament -- 4.1.3 Procedural Questions -- 4.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 4.2 Details of the Clauses -- 4.2.1 The Speaker -- 4.2.2 The Presidium -- 4.2.3 Committees -- 4.2.4 Faction -- 4.2.5 Opposition -- 4.2.5.1 Constitutional Establishment of the Main Principles -- 4.2.5.2 Status of Members of Parliament -- 4.2.5.3 Financial Resources of Factions -- 4.2.5.4 Non-parliamentary Actors -- 4.2.5.5 Allocation of Positions of Responsibility -- 4.2.5.6 Procedural Decisions Within Parliament -- 4.2.5.7 Allocation of Speaking Time -- 4.2.5.8 Amendments by the Opposition to Proposed Bills -- 4.2.5.9 Qualified Majorities for Bills -- 4.2.5.9.1 Participation by the Opposition in the Appointment of Senior Office Holders -- 4.2.6 Detail of Regulation -- References -- 5: Investigative Committees and Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.1 Investigative Committees -- 5.1.1 Overview of the Investigative Committee -- 5.1.1.1 Definition -- 5.1.1.2 Historical Context -- 5.1.1.3 Function -- 5.1.1.4 Caveat: Limits of the Function -- 5.1.1.5 Procedural Questions -- 5.1.1.6 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 5.1.2 Details of the Clause Concerning Investigative Committees -- 5.1.2.1 How Can the Parliament form an Investigative Committee? -- 5.1.2.1.1 What Organ Is Responsible for the Formation? -- 5.1.2.1.2 What Majority Is Required? -- 5.1.2.2 What Is the Subject and Scope of the Investigation? -- 5.1.2.3 How Is the Committee Composed? -- 5.1.2.4 What Rights and Limits of Investigation or Intervention Does the Committee Have? -- 5.1.2.4.1 General Powers -- 5.1.2.4.2 Exceptions and Prerequisites 5.1.2.5 How Do the Findings Relate to the Judiciary? -- 5.1.2.6 When and How Is the Committee Dissolved? -- 5.1.2.7 Regulation on Constitutional Level or by Ordinary Law? -- 5.2 Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.1 Overview of Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.1.1 Definition -- 5.2.1.2 Historical Context -- 5.2.1.3 Function -- 5.2.1.4 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions Concerning Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.2 Details of the Clauses Concerning Parliament's Inquisitorial Rights -- 5.2.2.1 Right of Questioning -- 5.2.2.1.1 Overview -- 5.2.2.1.2 Written Enquiries -- 5.2.2.1.3 Institutionalized Regular Question Time -- 5.2.2.1.4 Means of Enforcing the Right of Questioning -- 5.2.2.2 Right of Interpellation -- 5.2.2.2.1 Overview -- 5.2.2.2.2 Initiation Threshold -- 5.2.2.2.3 Addressee -- 5.2.2.2.4 Duty to Personally Attend -- 5.2.2.2.5 Obligation to Respond -- 5.2.2.3 Allowed Scope of Questions -- References -- 6: Legislation -- 6.1 Overview -- 6.2 Legislative Initiative -- 6.2.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.2.2 Remarks -- 6.3 Reading of Laws -- 6.3.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.3.2 Remarks -- 6.4 Solution of Bicameral Conflicts -- 6.4.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.4.2 Remarks -- 6.5 Approval and Control of Legislative Acts -- 6.5.1 Detailed Provisions -- 6.5.2 Remarks -- 6.6 Parliamentary Reservation and Delegated Legislation -- 6.6.1 Overview -- 6.6.2 Parliamentary Reservation -- 6.6.3 Remarks -- 6.6.4 Delegated Legislation -- 6.6.5 Remarks -- References -- Part II: President -- 7: The Presidential Office: Qualification, Election and Term -- 7.1 Qualification and Oath -- 7.1.1 Overview of the Presidential Qualifications and Oath -- 7.1.1.1 Definitions -- 7.1.1.2 Historical Context -- 7.1.1.3 Qualification Clause -- 7.1.1.4 Oath -- 7.1.1.5 Potential of Misuse -- 7.1.2 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions and Qualifications -- 7.1.2.1 Age Restrictions 7.1.2.2 Citizenship -- 7.1.2.2.1 Citizenship Requirements -- 7.1.2.2.2 Controversy ''Natural-Born'' -- 7.1.2.2.3 Term Citizenship ''By Origin'' -- 7.1.2.2.4 Citizenship Requirements for Relatives -- 7.1.2.3 Residence -- 7.1.2.4 Right to Vote and Eligibility -- 7.1.2.5 Education and Religion -- 7.1.2.5.1 An Issue in Poor and Religious Countries -- 7.1.2.5.2 Recommendation for a Democratic Society -- 7.1.2.6 Incompatibilities -- 7.1.2.6.1 Ineligibility -- 7.1.2.6.2 Other Reasons for Incompatibility -- 7.1.2.7 Possible Solutions to Prevent Misuse and Negative List -- 7.1.2.8 Clause to Restrict Amendments -- 7.1.3 Oath -- 7.2 Election of the President -- 7.2.1 Overview -- 7.2.1.1 Definition and Purpose of the Provision -- 7.2.1.2 Historical Context -- 7.2.1.3 Criteria for a ''Good'' Election Clause -- 7.2.2 Procedural Questions -- 7.2.3 Structural Approach -- 7.2.4 Details of the Election Clause -- 7.2.4.1 When Does the Election Take Place? -- 7.2.4.2 How Are the Candidates Pre-selected? -- 7.2.4.3 Direct or Indirect Election? -- 7.2.4.4 In Case of an Indirect Election, Which Body Elects the President? -- 7.2.5 Which Majority Is Required To Be Voted into Office? -- 7.2.6 Is There a Minimum Turnout Rate? -- 7.2.7 What Happens if the Candidate Does Not Obtain the Required Majority? -- 7.2.8 Supplementing Provisions -- 7.3 Duration of Presidential Term -- 7.3.1 Overview -- 7.3.1.1 Definition -- 7.3.1.2 Purpose and Function of the Rule -- 7.3.1.3 Historical Context -- 7.3.2 Structural Approach and Guiding Questions -- 7.3.3 Details of the Clause Concerning the Duration of Office -- 7.3.3.1 Is a Limitation of the Duration of Office at All Required? -- 7.3.3.2 Which Duration Is Advisable? -- 7.3.3.3 Is a Limit of Possible Re-elections Advisable? -- 7.3.3.4 Limited Number of Re-elections After Regular Election into Office 7.3.3.5 Limited Number of Re-election After Not Being Elected into Office Constitutional law |
| title | Writing Constitutions Volume I: Institutions |
| title_auth | Writing Constitutions Volume I: Institutions |
| title_exact_search | Writing Constitutions Volume I: Institutions |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Writing Constitutions Volume I: Institutions |
| title_full | Writing Constitutions Volume I: Institutions |
| title_fullStr | Writing Constitutions Volume I: Institutions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Writing Constitutions Volume I: Institutions |
| title_short | Writing Constitutions |
| title_sort | writing constitutions volume i institutions |
| title_sub | Volume I: Institutions |
| topic | Constitutional law |
| topic_facet | Constitutional law |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT babeckwolfgang writingconstitutionsvolumeiinstitutions AT weberalbrecht writingconstitutionsvolumeiinstitutions |