The evolution of Chinese grammar:
"The Chinese language has the longest well-documented history among all human languages, making it an invaluable resource for studying how languages develop and change through time. Based on a twenty-year long research project, this pioneering book is the English translation of an award-winning...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge, United Kingdom ; New York, NY
Cambridge University Press
2023
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Zusammenfassung: | "The Chinese language has the longest well-documented history among all human languages, making it an invaluable resource for studying how languages develop and change through time. Based on a twenty-year long research project, this pioneering book is the English translation of an award-winning study originally published in Chinese. It provides an evolutionary perspective on the history of Chinese grammar, tracing its development from its 13th Century BC origins to the present day. It investigates all the major changes in the history of the language within contemporary linguistic frameworks, and illustrates these with a wide range of examples taken from every stage in the language's development, showing how the author's findings are relevant to contemporary descriptive, theoretical, and historical linguistics. Shedding light on the essential properties of Chinese and, ultimately, language in general, it is essential reading for academic researchers and students of Asian linguistics, historical linguistics and syntactic theory"-- |
| Beschreibung: | xxi, 583 pages 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9781108844055 1108844057 9781108926119 1108926118 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | CONTENTS List ofFigures page xii List of Tables xiii Acknowledgments xvi Conventions Used in the Examples xviii List ofAbbreviations and Symbols xix 1 Some Preliminaries 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2 Copular Word and Construction 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3 10 Introduction 10 The Copular Particle Те 11 The Focus Marker Yë 14 The Copula Shi 18 Copula and Wh- Movement 24 Focus and Wh- Words 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 4 1 Readership 1 A Natural Laboratory 2 Periodization of the Chinese Language and the Dating of Texts Historical Texts 7 The Structure of the Contents 8 27 Introduction 27 The Licensing of Wh- In Situ 29 Focus Constructions and Wh- Questions 35 Topicalization and the Landing Site of Wh- Words 40 The Emergence of the Copula Shi 46 Wh- Words in Preposition Phrases 57 Serial Verb Construction 62 4.1 Introduction 62 4.2 Conjunctions of Verbs and Clauses 62 vii 5
viii Contents 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 5 The Decline of the Co-ordinate Connective Èr 66 Fusion across Clauses 70 The Resultative Chéng 71 The Resultative Bù-Dé 74 Disyllabification 78 5.1 Introduction 78 5.2 Disyllabic Words 80 5.3 Motivations for Disyllabification 81 5.4 The Development of Disyllabic Words 84 5.5 Effect on the Resultative Construction 86 5.6 Fusion of Verb and Resultative 89 5.7 • Constraint of the Number of Syllables 98 6 Resultative Construction 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 7 8 Introduction 106 The Syntax of the Resultative Construction 108 The Origin of the Resultative Construction 116 The Separable Resultative Structure 120 Frequency and Idiomatization 124 Context for Fusion 135 Extension 139 Information Structure 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 142 Introduction 142 Information Structure 143 The Change in Topicalization 144 The Change in Focusing 147 The Focus Construction 150 Changes in Assigning Definiteness 151 Non-question Functions of Wh- Words 157 The Existential Construction 160 The Principle of Action-Resultative Ordering The Passive Construction 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 106 175 Introduction 175 Optionality of the Agent in Passives 177 The Semantics and Syntax of Passives 178 The Agent Noun in the Passive Structure 179 From Optional Agent to Obligatory Agent 183 Passive with an Obligatory Agent 193 164
Contents 8.7 Lexical Sources for Passive Morphemes 196 8.8 The Development of Passive Structures 200 9 The Disposal Construction 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 10 203 Introduction 203 Hypotheses about Its Origins 205 Functions of the Disposal Construction 212 Two Historical Motivations 227 Other Related Constructions 234 Disposal Markers: Nd, Guan, and Gei 237 Language Contact 239 Effect on Other Structures 241 Competition between Jiang and Ba 243 Verb Copying and Reduplication 246 10.1 The Verb-Copying Construction 246 10.2 Verb Reduplication 265 11 The Comparative Construction 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 12 13 Introduction 273 Comparatives in Old Chinese 274 Comparatives in Modern Chinese 279 The Comparative Marker Bi 282 Comparatives in Contemporary Chinese 287 Suffixes of Adjectives and Adverbs 291 The Ditransitive Construction 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 296 Introduction 296 Relation to the Instrumental Construction 297 Relation to the Disposal Construction 298 Assimilation by the Resultative Construction 300 Bidirectional Transfer 314 Aspect and Tense 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 273 326 Introduction 326 Conditions for the Emergence of Aspect Suffixes The Emergence of Aspect Suffixes 334 Inchoative and Continuous Aspects 350 Interaction between Aspect Suffixes 352 330 ix
Contents X 13.6 Diverse Forms across Dialects 356 13.7 Future Tenses 360 13.8 Auxiliary Verbs of Aspect 364 14 Negation 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 15 368 Introduction 368 Affirmation and Negation of the Perfective Aspect 368 The Establishment of the System for Negative Markers 371 Characteristics of the Old Negative Systems 373 New Developments of Perfective Aspect Marking . 383 The Boundedness of the Predicate 386 15.1 « Introduction 386 15.2 The Boundedness of Verbal Predicates 387 15.3 The Boundedness of the Adjectival Predicate 15.4 Effects of the Boundedness Tendency 392 16 Classifiers 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 17 Introduction 396 The Emergence of the Classifier System 397 Motivations for Noun Classifiers 400 The Emergence of Verb Classifiers 403 Reduplication of Classifiers 406 Introduction 411 The Demonstrative Puzzle 413 Changes in Demonstratives 420 From Classifier to Demonstrative 427 The “Semantic Primitive” Hypothesis 437 Distal Demonstratives from Phonological Derivation 439 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 19 396 Demonstratives from Classifiers 411 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 18 390 Introduction 439 Dialect Variants of Demonstratives 442 Correlations between Proximal and Distal Demonstratives Derivation from Proximal to Distal Demonstratives 448 Iconicity between Acoustic Property and Distance 466 Pronouns, Plurals, and Diminutives 470 19.1 Introduction 470 19.2 Pronominal Systems in Old Chinese 471 446
Contents 19.3 19.4 19.5 19.6 19.7 20 Structural Particles 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 20.5 20.6 21 488 Introduction 488 Structural Particles in History 489 Classifiers and the Structural Particle De 493 Functions of the Structural Particle De 495 Demonstratives and Structural Particles 498 Grammaticalizatiori of the Structural Particle De Word Order and Relative Clauses 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 22 The Emergence of Plural Morphemes 475 Classifiers and Plurals 478 Word Formation for Uncountable Nouns 480 Further Development of the Classifier Gè 481 The Emergence of Diminutive Inflection 483 511 Introduction 511 Changes in the Constituent Order 514 The Relative Clause and the Head Noun in Old Chinese 520 Typological Change in the Relative Clause Structure 529 Development toward Consistency 538 Conclusions 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 22.5 506 544 The Momentum of Language Change 544 Changes in Cluster 546 Patterns of Grammatical Change 549 Drivers of Language Change 551 Construction Schema 552 References 558 Primary Sources of Texts Index 578 575 xi
! he Chmese angunge has the iongos vol do mented history aniong; at hamtap languages making it an invaluable resource for studying how languages develop and change through time. Based on a twenty-year long research project, this pioneering bookisthetnplish version of an award-winning studyorgmnallypublshedn Chinese. It provides an evolutionary . ■ pet ’ on the hater y o’ : •■ gramar n ac np ; : development from its thirteenth-centuryBCorigins to the present day. It investigates all the major changes in the history of the language within contemporary linguistic frameworks, and illustrates these with a wide range of examples taken from every tag hi the language’s dove opmen:, shoving how !c Zithers nnding al e vie ant ! o ontempo: Ai y desol pti C. theor 4 ca . ano 221: silnguinl I( s Spedgmngugbo: the essential properties of Chinese and, ultimately, language in general, it is essential reading for academic researchers and students of Asian linguistics, historical linguistics and syntactic theory. _
|
| adam_txt |
CONTENTS List ofFigures page xii List of Tables xiii Acknowledgments xvi Conventions Used in the Examples xviii List ofAbbreviations and Symbols xix 1 Some Preliminaries 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2 Copular Word and Construction 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3 10 Introduction 10 The Copular Particle Те 11 The Focus Marker Yë 14 The Copula Shi 18 Copula and Wh- Movement 24 Focus and Wh- Words 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 4 1 Readership 1 A Natural Laboratory 2 Periodization of the Chinese Language and the Dating of Texts Historical Texts 7 The Structure of the Contents 8 27 Introduction 27 The Licensing of Wh- In Situ 29 Focus Constructions and Wh- Questions 35 Topicalization and the Landing Site of Wh- Words 40 The Emergence of the Copula Shi 46 Wh- Words in Preposition Phrases 57 Serial Verb Construction 62 4.1 Introduction 62 4.2 Conjunctions of Verbs and Clauses 62 vii 5
viii Contents 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 5 The Decline of the Co-ordinate Connective Èr 66 Fusion across Clauses 70 The Resultative Chéng 71 The Resultative Bù-Dé 74 Disyllabification 78 5.1 Introduction 78 5.2 Disyllabic Words 80 5.3 Motivations for Disyllabification 81 5.4 The Development of Disyllabic Words 84 5.5 Effect on the Resultative Construction 86 5.6 Fusion of Verb and Resultative 89 5.7 • Constraint of the Number of Syllables 98 6 Resultative Construction 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 7 8 Introduction 106 The Syntax of the Resultative Construction 108 The Origin of the Resultative Construction 116 The Separable Resultative Structure 120 Frequency and Idiomatization 124 Context for Fusion 135 Extension 139 Information Structure 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 142 Introduction 142 Information Structure 143 The Change in Topicalization 144 The Change in Focusing 147 The Focus Construction 150 Changes in Assigning Definiteness 151 Non-question Functions of Wh- Words 157 The Existential Construction 160 The Principle of Action-Resultative Ordering The Passive Construction 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 106 175 Introduction 175 Optionality of the Agent in Passives 177 The Semantics and Syntax of Passives 178 The Agent Noun in the Passive Structure 179 From Optional Agent to Obligatory Agent 183 Passive with an Obligatory Agent 193 164
Contents 8.7 Lexical Sources for Passive Morphemes 196 8.8 The Development of Passive Structures 200 9 The Disposal Construction 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 10 203 Introduction 203 Hypotheses about Its Origins 205 Functions of the Disposal Construction 212 Two Historical Motivations 227 Other Related Constructions 234 Disposal Markers: Nd, Guan, and Gei 237 Language Contact 239 Effect on Other Structures 241 Competition between Jiang and Ba 243 Verb Copying and Reduplication 246 10.1 The Verb-Copying Construction 246 10.2 Verb Reduplication 265 11 The Comparative Construction 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 12 13 Introduction 273 Comparatives in Old Chinese 274 Comparatives in Modern Chinese 279 The Comparative Marker Bi 282 Comparatives in Contemporary Chinese 287 Suffixes of Adjectives and Adverbs 291 The Ditransitive Construction 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 296 Introduction 296 Relation to the Instrumental Construction 297 Relation to the Disposal Construction 298 Assimilation by the Resultative Construction 300 Bidirectional Transfer 314 Aspect and Tense 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 273 326 Introduction 326 Conditions for the Emergence of Aspect Suffixes The Emergence of Aspect Suffixes 334 Inchoative and Continuous Aspects 350 Interaction between Aspect Suffixes 352 330 ix
Contents X 13.6 Diverse Forms across Dialects 356 13.7 Future Tenses 360 13.8 Auxiliary Verbs of Aspect 364 14 Negation 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 15 368 Introduction 368 Affirmation and Negation of the Perfective Aspect 368 The Establishment of the System for Negative Markers 371 Characteristics of the Old Negative Systems 373 New Developments of Perfective Aspect Marking . 383 The Boundedness of the Predicate 386 15.1 « Introduction 386 15.2 The Boundedness of Verbal Predicates 387 15.3 The Boundedness of the Adjectival Predicate 15.4 Effects of the Boundedness Tendency 392 16 Classifiers 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 17 Introduction 396 The Emergence of the Classifier System 397 Motivations for Noun Classifiers 400 The Emergence of Verb Classifiers 403 Reduplication of Classifiers 406 Introduction 411 The Demonstrative Puzzle 413 Changes in Demonstratives 420 From Classifier to Demonstrative 427 The “Semantic Primitive” Hypothesis 437 Distal Demonstratives from Phonological Derivation 439 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 19 396 Demonstratives from Classifiers 411 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 18 390 Introduction 439 Dialect Variants of Demonstratives 442 Correlations between Proximal and Distal Demonstratives Derivation from Proximal to Distal Demonstratives 448 Iconicity between Acoustic Property and Distance 466 Pronouns, Plurals, and Diminutives 470 19.1 Introduction 470 19.2 Pronominal Systems in Old Chinese 471 446
Contents 19.3 19.4 19.5 19.6 19.7 20 Structural Particles 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 20.5 20.6 21 488 Introduction 488 Structural Particles in History 489 Classifiers and the Structural Particle De 493 Functions of the Structural Particle De 495 Demonstratives and Structural Particles 498 Grammaticalizatiori of the Structural Particle De Word Order and Relative Clauses 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 22 The Emergence of Plural Morphemes 475 Classifiers and Plurals 478 Word Formation for Uncountable Nouns 480 Further Development of the Classifier Gè 481 The Emergence of Diminutive Inflection 483 511 Introduction 511 Changes in the Constituent Order 514 The Relative Clause and the Head Noun in Old Chinese 520 Typological Change in the Relative Clause Structure 529 Development toward Consistency 538 Conclusions 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 22.5 506 544 The Momentum of Language Change 544 Changes in Cluster 546 Patterns of Grammatical Change 549 Drivers of Language Change 551 Construction Schema 552 References 558 Primary Sources of Texts Index 578 575 xi
! he Chmese angunge has the iongos vol do mented history aniong; at hamtap languages making it an invaluable resource for studying how languages develop and change through time. Based on a twenty-year long research project, this pioneering bookisthetnplish version of an award-winning studyorgmnallypublshedn Chinese. It provides an evolutionary . ■ pet ’ on the hater y o’ : •■ gramar n ' ac np ; : development from its thirteenth-centuryBCorigins to the present day. It investigates all the major changes in the history of the language within contemporary linguistic frameworks, and illustrates these with a wide range of examples taken from every tag hi the language’s dove opmen:, shoving how !c Zithers nnding al e vie ant ! o ontempo: Ai y desol pti C. theor 4 ca". ano 221: silnguinl I( s Spedgmngugbo: the essential properties of Chinese and, ultimately, language in general, it is essential reading for academic researchers and students of Asian linguistics, historical linguistics and syntactic theory. _ |
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| id | DE-604.BV049381574 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T22:59:18Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T10:05:30Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781108844055 1108844057 9781108926119 1108926118 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034709197 |
| oclc_num | 1414558394 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | xxi, 583 pages 24 cm |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateSearch | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Shi, Yuzhi 1963- Verfasser (DE-588)173549748 aut Han yu yu fa yan hua shi The evolution of Chinese grammar Yuzhi Shi, National University of Singapore Cambridge, United Kingdom ; New York, NY Cambridge University Press 2023 xxi, 583 pages 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier "The Chinese language has the longest well-documented history among all human languages, making it an invaluable resource for studying how languages develop and change through time. Based on a twenty-year long research project, this pioneering book is the English translation of an award-winning study originally published in Chinese. It provides an evolutionary perspective on the history of Chinese grammar, tracing its development from its 13th Century BC origins to the present day. It investigates all the major changes in the history of the language within contemporary linguistic frameworks, and illustrates these with a wide range of examples taken from every stage in the language's development, showing how the author's findings are relevant to contemporary descriptive, theoretical, and historical linguistics. Shedding light on the essential properties of Chinese and, ultimately, language in general, it is essential reading for academic researchers and students of Asian linguistics, historical linguistics and syntactic theory"-- Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Chinesisch (DE-588)4113214-2 gnd rswk-swf Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd rswk-swf Sprache (DE-588)4056449-6 gnd rswk-swf Chinese language / Grammar Chinese language / Grammar / History Grammar, Comparative and general / Verb phrase Grammar, Comparative and general / Syntax / Research / History Chinese classics / History and criticism Chinese classics Criticism, interpretation, etc History Chinesisch (DE-588)4113214-2 s Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 s Geschichte z DE-604 Sprache (DE-588)4056449-6 s ebook version 9781108918350 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034709197&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034709197&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Shi, Yuzhi 1963- The evolution of Chinese grammar Chinesisch (DE-588)4113214-2 gnd Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd Sprache (DE-588)4056449-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4113214-2 (DE-588)4021806-5 (DE-588)4056449-6 |
| title | The evolution of Chinese grammar |
| title_alt | Han yu yu fa yan hua shi |
| title_auth | The evolution of Chinese grammar |
| title_exact_search | The evolution of Chinese grammar |
| title_exact_search_txtP | The evolution of Chinese grammar |
| title_full | The evolution of Chinese grammar Yuzhi Shi, National University of Singapore |
| title_fullStr | The evolution of Chinese grammar Yuzhi Shi, National University of Singapore |
| title_full_unstemmed | The evolution of Chinese grammar Yuzhi Shi, National University of Singapore |
| title_short | The evolution of Chinese grammar |
| title_sort | the evolution of chinese grammar |
| topic | Chinesisch (DE-588)4113214-2 gnd Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd Sprache (DE-588)4056449-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Chinesisch Grammatik Sprache |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034709197&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034709197&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shiyuzhi hanyuyufayanhuashi AT shiyuzhi theevolutionofchinesegrammar |