Alexios I Komnenos in the Balkans, 1081-1095:
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| Schriftenreihe: | New approaches to Byzantine history and culture
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| Beschreibung: | xvi, 425 Seiten |
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| ISSN: | 2730-9371 |
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| adam_text | Contents 1 Introduction 2 Army and Navy in Eleventh-Century Byzantium 2.1 Byzantine Army 2.1.1 Development of the Byzantine Army in the Eleventh Century 13 2.1.2 Units and Command Structure 2.1.3 Commanders 2.2 Byzantine Navy 2.2.1 Development of the Byzantine Navy in the Eleventh Century 2.2.2 Units and Command Structure 2.3 Battle ofManzikert and Its Military Impact 2.3.1 Impact ofManzikert on the Byzantine Army 2.3.2 Impact ofManzikert on the Byzantine Navy 29 32 35 36 47 3 Alexios I Komnenos 3.1 The Origin of the Komnenoi 3.2 Military Career and Life ofAlexios Komnenos Before 1081 51 51 53 4 War Against the Normans (1081-1085) 4.1 Geographical Settings 4.1.1 Geography of the Western Balkans 4.1.2 Road Network 57 57 57 62 1 11 13 17 24 29 xi
XÜ CONTENTS 4.2 4.3 5 Chronological Settings 4.2.1 Fixed Dates 4.2.2 Contested Dates Course of the War 4.3.1 Invasion and the Battle ofDyrrachion (1081) 4.3.2 Bohemund’s Offensive (1082-1083) 4.3.3 Guiscard’s Final Attack (1084-1085) War Against the Pechenegs (1083-1091) 5.1 Geographical Settings 5.1.1 Geography of the northeastern Balkans 5.1.2 Road Network 5.2 Chronological Settings 5.2.1 Fixed Dates 5.2.2 Contested Dates 5.3 Course of the War 5.3.1 Pecheneg Inroads (1083-1086) 5.3.2 Pecheneg Invasion (1087) 5.3.3 Struggle for Survival (1087-1091) 66 66 68 71 85 139 177 201 203 203 207 208 209 211 221 225 242 251 6 Kuman Invasion (1095) 6.1 Chronological Settings 6.2 Course of the Invasion 6.2.1 Kuman Occupation ofParadounavon 6.2.2 Hostilities in Thrace 307 310 316 320 336 7 Synthesis 7.1 Byzantine Army and Navy in 1095 7.1.1 Development of the Byzantine Army in 1081-1095 7.1.2 Development of the Byzantine Navy in 1081-1095 7.2 Alexios Komnenos as a Military Commander 351 3 52 3 52 360 363 8 Conclusion 377 Bibliography 385 Index 411
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Index1 A Abelard, 73n96, 77nll9,95n204, 138n424,138n425 Abrilebo, 348, 348nl99 Adana, 43n207 Adrianoupolis, 16,101n243, 123n360,124,157n520, 158n528,173, 205, 207, 208, 219nl05, 232, 232nl63, 234, 235, 236nl88, 240, 245-247, 246n242, 250, 252, 253n276, 258n303,259n308,261n317, 263n329, 269, 274, 274n394, 289n498, 300n547, 311, 315, 321n69, 326n94, 332, 334nl29, 335, 336, 338, 339nl50, 341-348,342nl64, 342nl66, 343nl70,343nl71, 344nl73, 345nl78,345nl79, 348nl97, 348nl99,349n205, 353nl Agathonike, 348, 348nl99 Ainos, 210, 247, 247n247, 293, 293n517, 293n518, 294, 294n522,299,380 Alakaseus, 345, 345nl78, 345nl79, 346,349n205 Alania, 44 Alp Arslan, Seljuk sultan (1063-1072), 35,40nl94, 46n223, 92nl89 Amalfi, 29nll3, 74, 184n658 Amicus II of Giovinazzo, or of Molfetta, 82, 82nl49 Anatolikon, province, 38, 38nl64, 40nl87, 43,43n209,44 Anchialos, 240, 240n213, 241, 2411217, 241n219, 332-340, 334nl29, 334nI30, 335nl32, 335nl33, 343, 345, 347,349n205 Anemas, Michael, 327, 327n99, 329, 329nl06, 335 Antioch, 43, 90nl84, 180n639, 378 1 Note: Page numbers followed by ‘n’ refer to notes. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023 M. Meäko, Alexios I Komnenos in the Balkans, 1081-1095, New Approaches to Byzantine History and Culture, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26296-8 411
412 INDEX Antiochos, Юб Apelchasem/Abu’l-Kasim, Seljuk emir of Nikaia, 218, 254, 277, 382 Apokapes, Basileios, 41nl96, 90nl84 Apollonias, 325n92 Apros, 207, 207n31,276 Arbanon, 63n31 Archontopouloi, 218, 275, 276, 279, 302, 302n560, 356 Ariebes, 151,151n493, 312 Arkadioupolis, 207, 253n276 Armeniakon, province, 38, 40nl87, 42,43,45,46n222 Armenians, 39, 39nl82, 40,41nl96, 101,102n245, 106,123, 123n360, 128,151n493, 157n520, 263n333, 301, 302n559, 352 Artuk, Seljuk chieftain, 45n218 Aspietes/OSin, 106, 107n275, 128n382 Athanatoi, 19,19n37, 19n39, 44, 44n215, 99,100n235,102, 102n250,144, 330, 352, 357, 378 Athens, 194 Attaleiates, Michael, historian, 13, 40nl87,49 Aulon, 58, 58n3, 59, 63, 64, 74nl03, 84, 85, 85nl66, 85nl67, 87, 87nl77, 93nl92, 145,171,172, 173n607,175, 177,182, 183n651,187, 187n677, 188,193 Axiom, river, 3 В Baldouin of Bouillon, 305n576 Bari, 36, 36nl57, 37nl62,48, 73n96, 75,136n416,138n425, 224,272n385 Basilakios, Nikeforos, 54, 83nl54, 88nl78,107n276, 225nl34 Basileios II Boulgaroktonos, emperor (976-1025), 12,29 Basilikon dromonion, 34, 34nl42, 49n244, 50,178, 360 Basilikon ploimon, 30, 32 Bathys Ryaks, 210, 288 Belgrade, 219nl05 Beliatoba, 230, 231, 231nl62, 233, 235,235nl83,238, 242n221,250n263 battle of (1086), 211 Bempetziotes, 246 Theodoros, 246n244 Beroe, 205, 215, 216, 240, 266, 267, 269, 304n568, 322n77, 333, 333nl26, 334, 334nl29, 334nl31, 336, 348nl99 Bigla, 19,19n37,19n40, 38nl70, 99, 99n230,100n235,102, 102n251, 285, 285n473, 331, 331П112, 331П113, 352, 358 Bithynia, province, 38, 40nl87 Bitzina city, 256n292 Dicina/Golyama Kamchija, river,
258n306 Bizye, 289n498 Blachernae, 142n451,177, 212, 266n349, 315, 315n41, 324n86, 325n87,325n91, 326n94, 380 Blisnos, 236, 236nl88 Bohemund, son of Robert Guiscard, 62n29, 66, 67, 69, 69n69, 70, 75, 75nll0, 82, 83nl52, 84, 85, 85nl64, 87, 93nl92, 96, 109-111, llln294,113n308, 121,130n388,132, 139, 140, 142,143n452,143n453, 144-148,144n458,148n481, 150-154, 1511493, 151n494,
INDEX 152n500, 152n502, 153n503, 153п504,154п507,154п511, 155п512,156,159, 159п532, 160,163-167,165п564, 165п565,167п574,168п583, 169-172,171п596, 173п607, 175,176,176п627,185-187, 186п670,186п671,187п677, 187пб78,191,194,198п732, 199п738, 214, 226, 248п255, 255, 355, 371,372 Bonditza, 87, 87п176, 193, 194,197, 197п731,199 Bosphorus, 179п636, 203, 234 Boulgaria, province, 38, 91nl87,102, 106n273,175n618, 302п558, 324п86, 332, 350, 357 Boulgarofygon, 207, 218, 258п303, 274, 275, 284 Boutoumites, Manuel, 254, 254n280 Brachamios, Filaretos, 41nl96, 90nl84 Branas, Nikolaos, 101n243, 211, 231, 232nl63,233, 246n243,248n254 Briennus comestabulus, 81nl42 Bryennios Nikeforos, the Elder, 54, 255n287, 332, 383 Nikeforos, the Younger, 328nl00,373n42 Brysis, 289n498 Bulgarians, 12n5, 93nl92,150n491, 1511493, 205, 224, 224nl31, 228nl46,236nl88, 254n278, 256n292, 258n306, 259, 260n316, 293, 302, 302n558,333nl27, 334nl30,348nl97 Butrint, 64, 85, 96, 107n277,113, 145,182,183n651,187-190, 187n677,189n685, 197,199 413 C Cape Glossa, 59, 61, 87, 87nl77, 96, 96n210,97n213 Cape Palli, 57-59, 108,108n280, 108n281,109n287 Capua, 95n204 Chaldia, province, 38 Chalkedon, 142 Charakenos, 316, 316n48, 316n49, 317,319-321,335,339, 339nl50, 341,342nl66, 343-346, 344nl73, 346nl82, 346nl84, 349n205, 380 Charax, 316, 316n47 Charioupolis, 218, 243, 245, 245n240, 247, 248, 275, 276 Charsianon, province, 38, 38nl65 Charzanes, river, 62,113, 114n309,130 Chios, 180n639, 220, 254,290, 291, 361 Chliat, 39, 39nl82 Choirenoi, 293n518, 294, 294n522 Choirobakchoi, 210, 221, 285, 285n471, 285n472,286, 286n478, 293n516,
380 Choirosfaktes, Constantine, 94,138n423 Chô mate noi, 43n209, 46, 98, 99, 100n236,102,102n250,144, 327n96, 352, 357, 378 Chonai, 316n47 Chortarea, 334nl31, 335, 335nl33 Chrysoskoulos/Erisgen, Seljuk emir, 92nl89 Clement III, antipope (1080-1110), 273, 273n386 Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos, emperor (913-959), 25n84,34nl42
414 INDEX Constantine IX Monomachos, emperor (1042-1055), 13,100n232 Constantine Bodin of Duklja/ Diokleia, 83nl54, 93nl92, 119n337, 307 Constantinople, 4,13, 18,18n36, 29, 30, 30nll4, 31nl23, 32, 32nl29, 34, 34nl43, 35, 41, 41nl98,42n203, 45n218,47, 49n244, 50, 62, 62n28, 63, 72, 77, 84, 86nl69, 88, 88nl79, 89, 91-93, 93nl92, 95n204, 98, 99, 100n235,101,102n250, 105n267, 114n310,123,127, 135, 137,138n424,139, 141-144, 142n451,143n453, 149,149n487,155,155n513, 156,170n593,173,173n607, 176,177,179n636,188,194, 195,195n720, 200, 205, 207, 210, 216, 2191105, 219nl06, 221, 224, 226, 241, 242, 246n242,248n255,250, 250n264, 251n270, 252, 253, 253n276, 257, 261n317, 266n349, 267, 271, 273, 273n386, 274, 278, 278n418, 284-289, 285n472, 286n478, 292, 292n511, 292n515, 293, 293n516, 307, 308, 314, 323, 331,331nll2, 333nl25, 337nl43, 342nl64, 346nl81, 349n205, 352, 355, 358, 360, 365, 366, 374, 378-381 Contarini, 191n697 Pietro, 191, 191n697 Corinth, 58,194 Crimea, 316 Crispin, Robert, general, 40,43n207 D Dalassene, Anna, mother of Alexios I 52nl5, 53, 54,100n235,142, 291n506, 309, 346 Dalassenoi, 51, 52, 52n8, 84nl61 Dalassenos, Constantine, 291, 2 91n506,2911507, 300,300n547 Dalmatia, 78, 88nl78, 96, 195n720, 308, 308n3 Daniçmend, Turkoman emir, 46n222 Danube, river, 203, 306 Dardanelles, 322n75 Deabolis, river, 63, 112, 134,134n405 Dekanos, Georgios, 306n578,336nl41 Develtos, 240 Diabatenos, Michael, 325, 325n87 Diampolis, 208, 240, 252n275, 339, 341,348nl99, 349n205 Dinogetia, 244n232 Diogenai, 16, 51, 316n48, 345 Diogenes Constantine, son of Romanos IV, 52nl5 Leo, son of Romanos
IV, 105,105n267 Nikeforos, son of Romanos IV, 105,105n267 Romanos IV, emperor (1068-1071), 104 Diokleia/Duklja, 83nl54, 89nl82, 93nl92,103,119n337, 128n383,307 Dnieper, river, 256 Dobrudja, 203, 203n6, 224nl31, 244,270n370, 321, 333nl25 Domestikos tön schoß n tes Anatoles, 18n34 tes Dyseos, 54,104
INDEX Don, river, 256 Doukai, 17,41nl96, 51, 52, 52nl5, 55 Doukaina, Eirene, empress, wife of Alexios I, 54, 86nl70, 157n521 Doukas Andronikos, general, domestikos tes Anatoles, 40, 44,157n521 Constantine X, emperor (1059-1067), 12n6, 41nl98, 52,105 Constantine (Constantios), general, 40,105n267, 117, 128n382 Michael VII, emperor (1071-1078), 4,17, 35,37,40, 40nl87, 40nl94,41,41nl98,44-46, 45n218, 49, 53, 55, 71-73, 77, 84, 92, 93,98,105,109,110, 272, 374, 378 Michael, general, brother of Eirene Doukaina, 157n521 Dristra battle of (1087), 215, 261n320, 263n333, 264n336, 267, 271, 275n398, 2811441, 291n504, 302n556,302n561, 316n49, 323, 330, 330nl09, 356, 357, 359, 364n30, 368-370, 374 city, 202nl, 208 Dromon, 30nll4 Droungarios tön ploimon/droungarios tou stolon, 33, 179n636,180, 2311158, 254n280, 291, 291n506, 346, 346nl81, 360,361П17 Dyrrachion battle of (1081), 67, 85-139, 141, 144, 145,147,183n654, 225, 232nl66,234nl78,263n333, 2911507, 302n555, 321n70, 415 325n91, 332nl20, 352-354, 356, 359nl4, 364, 364n30, 364n31, 365, 370, 374 city, 113,136 province, 74n99, 83nl54, 85, 86nl69, 87, 88nl78, 93nl92, 98 Eirene, empress (797-802), 19n40, 86nl70,157n521 Elchanes/Ilkhan, 325, 325n92, 326n93, 329, 332nl22, 334, 334nl31,347 Ethnikoi, 17,17n28, 24, 263, 263n331, 281, 332, 347, 355, 357-359, 371n41 Euforbenos Constantine Katakalon, 327n96, 329, 335, 338, 339nl48, 343 Georgios, 253, 253n277, 254, 325, 325n88, 328, 334, 334nl31 Nikeforos Katakalon, 329 Euphrates, river, 14 Exkoubitai, 19,19n37, 19n38, 38nl70, 99,101,105, 123,128, 144, 263n333, 352, 354, 356, 358 Ezeban,
161,161n546 F Falier, Vitale, doge of Venice (1084-1096), 195, 195n720 Fatimids/Fatimid Caliphate, 4, 12n5,29 Fokaia, 220, 290 Fortimundus of Rossano, 83, 83nl51,136n417 Frygians, 43n209
416 INDEX G Gabras, Theodoros, 90nl84, 312 Galeai, 30nll4, 31,182 Geoffroi of Conversano, 77nll9, 82, 138n425, 185,198n734 Gerard of Bounalbergo, 75nl06, 82,186n669 Germanikeia, 90nl84 Gisulf II of Salerno, 75, 75nlll, 82 Glabinitza in Epirus, 231nl57 in Paradounavon, 231 Golden Horn, 32nl29 Goloe, 208, 240, 252n275, 257, 258n304, 333, 338, 338nl45, 339, 341, 349, 349n205 Goules, 144n458, 262n322 Grammos, 140 Gregory VII, pope (1073-1085), 67, 68, 76, 761117, 77, 78nl24, 83, 92, 94, 95, 127n379, 137, 138n426,185,196,196n724, 272,272n385 Guido, son of Robert Guiscard, 82, 121,185, 185n665,187, 187n676,187n677,197, 198,199n740 Guiscard, Robert of Hauteville, duke of Apulia and Calabria (1059-1085), 7, 36,45,45n217, 57, 66-69, 71-80, 72n84, 72n85, 72n87, 73n95, 73n96, 75nl05, 75nl06, 75nl07, 75nl09, 75nll0, 75nlll, 76nll4, 76nll7, 77nll9, 78nl24,78nl25, 80nl32, 81П139, 81nl42, 81nl43, 82-84, 82nl49, 83nl51, 83nl52, 84nl61, 85nl67, 86, 86nl69, 86nl71, 88, 92-98, 93nl92, 95n204,100,103, 103n257,106n273,109, 109n286,111-116, 113n308, 114n311,116n318,117n322, 118,119,119n337,121, 1211348, 122n353,124, 125, 125n371,126n375,127, 127n379,127n380,129n384, 131,131n394,132n396, 132n397,133,133n403, 134n405,134n406, 136-139,136n415,136n416, 136n418,137n419,137n421, 138n424,138n425,138n426, 139n432,142,146,146n468, 152n502,167,170,171, 1711596, 176-200, 176n625, 202n2, 214, 222, 225, 226, 230, 232, 2341179, 252, 255, 272,272n385,339nl51, 343nl72, 364-366, 374, 377, 378 H Hades, 280, 280n439 Haimos (Stara Planina), 93nl92, 202nl,203-206, 208,217, 218 226, 229, 231, 231nl62, 240, 241,
241n217, 244, 245, 258, 267, 269, 270n370, 305, 306n578, 310, 320, 321, 323, 324n84, 333, 334nl31, 336, 337,338nl45, 348nl99, 349, 349n205, 356, 368 Hastings, 123n358,126n375 battle of (1066), 4,18n36, 126n375,129n384, 367 Hauteville, 73,138,139 Hellas, province, 102,102n248, 144, 352, 357, 358 Henri of Monte Sant’Angelo, 82
INDEX Henry IV, Holy Roman emperor (1056-1105), 76nll7,94,137, 138n423,272n385, 273n386 Herakleia Pontike, 49n244, 90nl84,180 Herman of Canne, duke of Lombardy, 95n204,138,138n424,138n425 Hervé of Capua, 95n204 Hetaireia/Hetaireiai, 18,18n35, 20, 39, 331, 331П113, 352, 358 Hiera Limne, 335, 335nl32 Hikanatoi, 19,19n37,19n41, 38nl70 Houmbertopoulos, Constantine, 106, 106n272,127n380,234, 2341178, 235, 240, 242, 250, 301, 302n561, 312, 313, 313n31, 322n77, 325, 325n89, 328,331 Hugues Monoculus of Chiaromonte, 186,186n671 I laroslav the Wise, Grand Prince of Kiev (1019-1054), 318 Isaccea, 224nl31, 245n236, 256n293 Italos, John, 143n453,170n593, 214n73,312 Ithaki, 58, 61, 198n733 J Jericho/Orikon, 63, 74nl03, 85 Jerusalem, 216n86 John I Tzimiskes, emperor (969-972), 14, 102n245,260n314 John VI the Oxite, patriarch of Antioch (1089-1100), 288, 288n490 Jordan I, prince of Capua (1078-1090), 77nll9,95n204 417 К Kabasilas, Alexandros, 91nl87, 101n244,102n248, 106,106n273 Kaisareia, 42, 90nl84, 367 Kalathades, 343, 343nl70 Kalavrye, 47n234 battle of (1078), 47, 54, 100n232, 225nl34,2271138, 232nl66, 255n287, 326n94, 327n96, 357, 367 Kamyres, 346, 346nl82 Kamyres-Seljuk commander, 156, 158,158n531,164, 346,346nl82 Kanina, 74nl03, 85, 85nl66 Kantakouzenos, 325, 325n90, 329, 334,334nl31 Kantzous, 279 Kappadokia, province, 16, 38-40, 38nl64,41nl96, 42, 42n203, 44, 44n210, 90nl84,144n458 Karatzas/Karadja, Argyros, 263, 263n331 Karykes, Niketas, 324n86 Kassiope, 87, 87nl74, 189, 190,190n692 Kastamonites, Niketas, 262, 262n328, 291,291n504, 362n20 Kefalonia, 58, 61, 67, 195-198,
196n722,197n729 Kekaumenos, general, 27, 28, 48n236, 114n310,118n329, 2331169, 238nl98, 366n35 Kherson, 316-318 Khorasan, 4, 309n9, 329nl06 Kilikia, province, 38, 40, 41nl96, 43, 90nl84, 101n241 Kitzes, 340, 346 Klazomenai, 290 Klokotnitsa, 244, 245
418 INDEX Koloneia, province, 38 Komnene Anna, princess and historian, daughter of Alexios I, 3, 5,9, 12, 58n3, 60nl4, 62n29, 63n30, 66-71, 66n46, 72n89, 78, 78nl25, 79nl28, 80, 80nl36, 811142, 82nl49, 83nl52, 85, 86nl69, 86nl71, 88nl79, 89,90nl84,94, 95n204, 96n211,97,98, 99n230,100n232,101n244, 103,103n257,104n260, 104n262,106n271,106n273, 107n275,107n277,108, 108n281,109n286,109n287, 110,110n290,113,113n308, 115n313,116,117n324,122, 125,126n375,127n377,128, 128n383,129n384,129n385, 130n388,132n397,135, 136n415,141,142,143n452, 143n453,144n458,145n464, 146-148,146n468,146n471, 148n481,148n482,150n488, 152n502,153n503,156, 157n520,157n521,158-160, 158n530,160n538,160n539, 161n543,163,163n552, 163n554,164n559,164n560, 166n571,166n572,167, 167n574,170n593,172, 173n607,180n638,181n642, 181n643,182n646,182n647, 182n648,184n659,186, 187n677,189n691,190n692, 190n693,192n702,193n710, 194,194n713,195,195n719, 196n724,197,198n733, 202, 202n2, 208-218, 208n41, 211n54,220, 221,222nll8, 222nll9, 231,231nl58,233, 234nl77,234nl81,235nl84, 2361189, 237, 238, 238n201, 240, 241n219, 242, 243, 246-249,246n243, 246n244, 247n250,250n263, 250n264, 252n271,252n275, 253n276, 253n277, 254, 255, 256n291, 256n292, 257, 258n304, 259n309, 260n316, 261n319, 262n326,263n331, 264,265, 265n345,266n349, 267, 268n364,269n369, 271n378, 272, 273,274n390, 276-278, 278n416, 279n428, 280, 286n478, 286n479, 287, 288n490, 293n518, 294n522, 295n527,297n533, 300, 300n545, 301, 301n551, 303n562, 303n566, 303n567, 304, 304n568, 308n2, 308n3, 311-314, 312n28, 313n31, 314n37, 316, 316n47, 316n48, 316n49, 317, 318n58,
320, 320n66, 323, 324, 324n86, 325n87, 325n90, 325n92, 326n94, 327n96, 327n97, 327n99, 328, 328nl00, 329nl03, 329nl04, 331nll2, 331nll3, 331П115, 332-334, 333nl26, 334nl31, 335nl32, 337nl43, 340, 342, 342nl64, 343nl72, 344nl75, 345nl78, 345nl79, 347, 349n205, 362n20, 362n21, 362n23, 364n31,365, 370, 372, 379 Eudokia, sister ofAlexios 1,104n261 Maria, daughter of Alexios I, 327n97 Maria, sister of Alexios I, 324n86 Theodora, sister of Alexios I, 52nl5, 104n262, 316n49 Komnenoi, 3n8, 6nl7, 6nl9, 17, 49n244, 51-53, 106n272,179n636
INDEX Komnenos Adrianos, brother of Alexios I, 52, 157, 157n522,158,163,164, 164n559,168n584, 245n236, 246n243, 248n255, 250, 250n265,256n293,262, 262n324, 265, 305n577,329nl04 Alexios I, emperor (1081-1118), before domestikos tês Dyseos, 3, 4, 7n23,11, 51-55, 57 Isaakios I, emperor (1057-1059), uncle of Alexios I, 41—43, 42n203, 51-53, 51nl, 52nl2, 53nl9 Isaakios, brother of Alexios I, 53, 53n23, 55,100n235, 130n388,142,142n449, 309, 367 John II, emperor (1118-1143), son of Alexios I, 8, 304n568 John, father of Alexios I, 52,107n276 John, nephew of Alexios I, 310, 312 Manuel, brother of Alexios I, 52,52nl5 Manuel I, emperor (1143-1180), grandson of Alexios I, 8 Manuel Erotikos, grandfather of Alexios I, 51, 51nl, 51n3 Nikeforos, brother of Alexios I, 50n247, 52,130n388, 179,343nl72 Kopulch, 308n3, 317n54 Korfù/Kerkyra, 58, 61,62n26, 63n37, 64, 69, 69n66, 69n69,69n70, 79,79nl31,85, 87, 87nl74, 107n277,112,145,177, 181-183,183n651,187-190, 187n678,189n685,189n691, 190n692,193,194,197,199 Koule, 246-248, 247n247, 251, 252n271,330 419 Kouleon, 106,144, 358 Kourkouas, Gregorios, 289n498 Kourtikios, Basileios (loannakes), 157, 157n520, 158,158n528,163, 164, 248, 248n255, 262n322, 284, 302n557, 329, 329nl06,338nl45 Koutzomites, Georgios, 260n316 Krum, Bulgarian khan (803-814), 254n278 Kumans, 4, 7, 7n22, 12, 158n530, 210n46, 217, 307-350, 352, 358, 359, 380-383 Kutlumuç, Seljuk chief, 46, 46n223,90nl84 Kymineianos, Eustathios, 346, 346nl81 Kypsella, 207, 273, 299 Kyzikos, 234, 325n92 L Ladislaus I the Holy, king of Hungary (1077-1095), 308, 308n3,317n54 Lardea, 209, 252, 252n275,
253n276, 255, 257, 258n304, 261n317, 261n320, 268n362,333 Larissa, 64, 64n43, 65, 67, 69, 70, 70n76, 93nl92, 143n453, 148n481,153-156,153n503, 154n507,154n511,155n513, 157n520,160-165,160n538, 161n544,162n548,162n549, 163n552,163n553,164n561, 166n573,167,168,168n582, 168n583,169n592,170, 170n593,171,173,173n607, 176,177, 214, 226, 232nl66, 248n255, 250n265,263n332, 266n347, 275n400,279, 279n423, 281n443, 355, 357, 371, 379
420 INDEX Lefkas/Lefkada, 58, 61 Lekas, 54, 225nl34 Leo I, emperor (457-474), 19n38 Leo V, emperor (813-820), 18n35 Leo VI the Wise, emperor (886-912), 25n84, 27 Lesbos, 220, 290, 361 Luda Kamchiya, 333nl28, 334nl31, 337, 338nl45 Lykaonians, 43n209 M Makedonia, province, 326n94 Makedonian dynasty, 11, 32 Malikshah, Seljuk sultan (1072-1092), 241n219 Maniak/Boniak/Bönek, Kuman khan, 295n527,296,296n528, 296n529, 299, 315, 317, 319, 338nl45, 341, 344, 347, 348 Mançûr ibn Kutlumuç, 46 Mantzikert, 1, 3, 5, 8, 35-50, 35nl52, 39nl82, 40nl87, 40nl94, 40nl95,42n202, 46n226, 53, 54, 89, 92nl89, 99n230,133n400,160n536, 224, 255n287, 352, 360, 371n41,373, 374, 378 fortress, 37nl62, 46 battle of (1071), 1, 3, 5, 8, 35-50, 35nl52, 40nl87, 40nl95, 42n202, 53, 54, 89, 92nl89, 99n230,133n400,160n536, 224, 352, 360, 371n41, 374, 378 Maritsa, river, 203, 205, 206, 229, 235, 248, 293, 293n518, 294, 294n522, 342nl64 Markellai, 208, 217, 269, 270, 270n370, 273 Mary of Alania, empress, 53nl9, 72 Maurikios, emperor (582-602), 25n84,118n331 Maurix, Michael, 180,180n638, 180n639,181n641, 1811643, 188-190,188п683 Maurokatakalon Gregorios, 243-244, 243n229, 244п232, 246п243, 255, 261,261п317 Marianos, 327, 328п100, 329, 342п16б,344 Nikolaos, 246-248, 246п243, 247п251,255, 262п322, 284, 326п94,328п100, 330 Medeia, 289п498 Melissenoi, 51,104п261 Melissenos, Nikeforos, 5nl6,14, 45, 46, 101n244, 104, 104n261, 105п267,122,123п360,124, 128-130,130п388,130п389, 156,158,158п527,163, 164, 164п559, 168п584,179п636, 210, 262, 263п329, 267, 288п489, 293, 293п516, 297, 298n534, 302n558, 303n563, 322п77, 324,
324п84, 328, 332, 334,334п129, 334п131, 383 Melitene, 39п182, 90п184 Melnitsa, 244, 245, 259п308,269п369 Mesembria, 224п131, 240, 261п317, 262 Mesopotamites, Basileios, 107, 107n277,113,113п307 Methymna, 290 Migidenos, 157,157n524, 158п531, 160,164,165п568, 167 Mihailo Vojislavljevich ofDiokleia, Serbian ruler, 103, 307 Moglena, 83nl52,152, 152n501, 153, 175n619, 304, 305n573, 332nl22
INDEX Moliskos, 175,175n618,175n619 Monastras, Michael, 279, 279n428, 281, 301, 303n562, 327, 328, 332nl22,335 Monomachatos, Georgios, 83nl54, 85, 85nl63, 86nl69, 88nl78 Mstislav Romanovich, 304n568 Mytilene, 290, 290n503 Nampites/Nabitr, 105, 117,122, 262n322, 262n326 Neantzes, 274, 279, 279n426, 280 Neilos of Calabria, 312 Neorion, 32, 32nl29 Nikaia, 89, 90nl84, 94,100n236, 254, 277, 309, 309n9, 315, 379, 382 Nikeforitzes, 4,41,41nl98,44, 45n218, 374 Nikeforos I, emperor (802-811), 19n41 Nikeforos II Fokas, emperor (963-969), 14, 25n84, 253n276 Nikeforos III Botaneiates, emperor (1078-1081), former doux Anatolikon, 23n74,44n215, 45-47, 54, 55, 71, 77, 78nl24, 811142, 83nl54, 84, 85,91, 92, 92nl89,96n208,99n231, 106n272,106n273,141n445, 157n520, 179n636, 212, 225, 255n287, 290n500, 360, 383 Nike/Little Nikaia, 258, 258n303, 258n304, 284, 340, 345nl79, 347,347nl87 Nikerites, Leo, 257, 257n300, 258n304, 306n578, 321, 321n69,322,322n77 Nikolaos III the Grammarian, patriarch (1084-1111), 323 421 Nikomedia, 218-220, 219nl06, 219nl07, 277, 294, 316n47, 356 Nish, 219nl05,2291149 Normans (Franks), 23, 38nl70, 39nl82,100, 232nl65, 352 Noviodunum, 224, 244, 256n293 О Odobonus Marquis, 198n734 Oleg Sviatoslavich, 295n527, 318, 318n60, 319, 319n61 Olympias/Helena, daughter of Robert Guiscard, 72, 73, 77 Onffoi of Hauteville, count of Apulia, 95n204 Opos, Constantine, 105, 291, 2911507 Optimatoi, 19 Ouranos, Nikeforos, general, 25n84 Ouzas, 157, 158n530, 160,164, 165n568,169, 263, 263n331, 263n332, 279, 281, 281n441, 301,303n562, 328,332nl22 Paflagonia, province, 40nl87, 51,90nl84
Pakourianos (Bakurianisdze), Gregorios, domestikos of the West, 83nl52,101n243,104,104n260, 107n275,122,123,123n360, 125,126,127n377,129,135, 144,149,152n500,153,156, 158,158n528,159n532, 210n45,211,213-215, 226-229, 226nl36,226nl37,227nl38, 227nl41,229nl47, 231-233, 232nl63,232nl65, 233nl69, 235,244,246n243, 248n254, 250n263,262n324
422 INDEX Palaiologos Georgios, general, 49n244, 67, 83nl52, 86, 86nl70, 86nl71, 86nl72, 88nl78, 98, 98n223, 103,108, 111, 115n315, 116n321,117,117n322, 128n382,134,134n407, 157n520,157n521,173-175, 175n620,179n636, 255, 2611317, 266, 266n352, 266n353, 300, 321n70, 322n77, 324, 324n84, 325, 328, 334, 334nl29, 334nl31,383 Nikeforos, 128n382 Pamfylos, 245n240, 246, 246n245, 247,252n271 Panoukomites, Niketas, 105 Paradounavon (Paristrion), province, 91,201,202nl,223, 224, 249n258, 251,254n278, 257n297, 257n300, 258, 270, 270n370, 270n371,305, 306n578, 310, 320, 321n71, 322, 323, 329nl06, 333, 336nl41, 338nl45, 356, 368, 370, 372, 378, 380 Pasara (Urnen Pasann), 189 Paulikians, 102, 102n245,106, 124, 129, 144,173n607,177,211, 225nl34, 229-231, 259, 262, 302, 302n559, 330, 352, 358 Pechenegs (Scythians), 39 Peloponnese, 61, 257n300 Peter II of Tarent, 82 Philippoupolis, 54,102n245, 205, 207, 217, 225nl34, 228-230, 228nl46, 229nl49, 233, 235, 237, 238, 240n210, 242n221, 245, 2521271, 272, 274n390, 289n498, 300n547, 328nl02, 334nl29 Pineios, river, 59-61, 64, 161, 161n542, 1611543, 164, 166-169,167n574 Pliska, 204, 208, 223, 259, 259n309, 268n364 Poimainenon, 325n92 Polyboton, 278, 278n416, 280n432 Poudilos/Budilä/Badilä, 333nl26, 337 Pounteses (Raoul of Pontoise), 811142, 83nl52,150, 150n491,152n502 Poutza, 345, 345nl79 Preslav, 204, 208, 224nl31, 259n308, 261,261n317, 268n364,270n370 Psellos, Michael, historian, 13, 52 Pyrrhos, Georgios, 157, 158n529, 160, 164-166, 164n560, 279,279n423 R Ragusa, 78, 96 Raoul, son of Dagobert, 84 RaSka/Rascia, 308, 308n2, 308n4, 310,312 Rhodopes,
93nl92, 205, 206 Richard the Seneschal, 82 Robert, Giffard, 81nl43, 121,126n375 Robert, son of Robert Guiscard, 167 Robert I the Frisian, count of Flanders (1071-1093), 277 Robert of Loritello, 76nll4, 82, 185-186,186n669,198n734 Robert of Montescaglioso, 77nll9 Roger, son of Dagobert, 84nl61 Roger Borsa, son of Robert Guiscard, 75, 80nl32, 81nl42, 82, 83, 138n425,139, 185,186n669, 186n671,187n677, 191,
INDEX 1911700, 192,195, 198, 198n732,199, 252 Roger of Hauteville, brother of Robert Guiscard, 72 Romanos II, emperor (959-963), 18n34 Romanos III Argyros, emperor (1028-1034), 95n200 Rousion, 207, 220, 278, 278n416, 278n417, 280-282, 280n432, 280n439 Roussel of Bailleul, 37, 41nl96, 42, 42n205, 43, 43n207,45, 45n218, 46, 46n222, 49n244, 54,106n272, 355n7, 367, 374 Rus, 23, 31nl23, 32, 34, 38,45n216, 232nl65, 315, 318, 318n59, 319, 340, 340nl57 S Samos, 290, 290n503, 361 Sardike/Sofia, 207, 229nl49 Satzas, 256n292 Scholai, 17,17n32,18,19n37, 38, 38nl63, 38nl70, 39, 99n230 Seljuks/Seljuk Turks, 4, 6, 6nl7, 8, 12, 23, 35-37, 37nl62, 39nl82, 40^3,40nl94, 40nl95,45, 45n218, 46, 46n223, 48, 53n23, 54, 72, 89, 90nl84, 91, 91nl88, 92, 92nl89, 94, 96, 96n208, 99n231,101,102n246, 102n250,103,104n262,107, 113,117,118,120, 120n341, 128,128n383, 144,156, 158-160,158n530,158n531, 164,165n568,173,181, 202n2, 212, 216n86, 219,219nl06, 219nl07, 230, 232, 232nl65, 234nl75,241n219, 263n333, 277, 290, 291,303, 309,315, 325n92, 327n96, 346nl82, 350, 423 353, 355, 356, 359, 363, 367, 371, 371n41, 377-379, 381, 382 Sesthlavos/Öaslav, 256n292 Siaous/Çavuç, 241n219 Sidéra, 240, 240n210, 245, 258, 269, 333nl28, 334, 334nl31, 338nl45, 348nl99, 349, 349n205, 372 Sikelgaita, wife of Robert Guiscard, 75,75nl07, 75nll0, 82,121, 121n350,125n371,125n372, 132n397,176n627,185, 185n667,186n669,197-200, 197n729,197n730, 198n732, 365 Silvio, Domenico, doge of Venice (1071-1084), 95, 108,109,134, 136n416,189,191, 1911697, 195, 195n720 Siverskyi Donets, river, 256, 268, 296 Skaliarios, 326, 326n93, 329, 332nl22,
334, 334nl31, 347 Skopje, 91nl87,150,150n491, 152n502,153n504,170, 308n4, 313 Skoteinon, 245, 245n240, 247 Skoutarion, 342nl66, 348 Skylitzes, John, historian, 91nl87, 99n230,106n273, 212, 223nl25,223nl26,224nl27 Solomon, king of Hungary (1063-1074), 209n44,242, 242n224, 249, 249n258, 249n260,251,251n269 Sozopolis, 240 Straboromanos, Manuel, 319n62 Strateia, 13 Stratio tika ktêmata, 13 Süleyman ibn Kutlumuç, 46,46n223, 90nl84, 92nl89, 94, 96, 100n236,156, 346nl82, 353, 355, 371, 382
424 INDEX Sviatopolk II, Grand Prince of Kiev (1093-1113), 318, 318n59, 319, 340 Symmachoi, 17, 23, 224,257, 353 Synadenos, Nikeforos, 105, 117,128n382 Syria, 12n5, 38,41nl96,43, 180n639, 246n244 T Tagmata, 14-17,18n35,19,19n37, 19n43, 20, 20n44, 21n53, 23, 31, 33, 36-40, 38nl70,40nl86, 40nl87, 43-46, 44n215, 99, 101, 1011244, 102,123, 123n360,124,127,129,144, 147,152n500,158,168,173, 17 3n610,2261137, 232, 232nl66, 235,245,250, 250n263, 331,352, 354, 355n7, 356-358, 357n8, 360, 365, 378 Tancred, 186n670 Tarchaneiotes Joseph, general, 39 Katakalon, 321n69, 322n77, 326, 326n94, 331,335, 341,344nl75 Taronites John, 322n77, 324, 324n86, 328, 332, 334, 334nl31 Michael, 324n86, 325 Tatikios, 107, 107n276, 210n45, 232nl67,234-240, 234nl75, 2341177, 234nl81, 235nl84, 236nl89, 242, 250n263, 262, 263n329, 275, 276, 302n561,325, 325n91,328, 331nll5, 332nl22, 334, 334nl31,347 Tatranes/Katranes/Tatran, 279, 279n426, 281 Tatu/Tatous/Tatrys/Chales, Pecheneg chieftain and exarchon of Paradounavon, 224nl32, 231П158, 256,256n292, 256n296, 257, 259, 267, 268n362, 334nl29, 368 Taurokomos, 218, 274, 274n394, 275, 346, 349, 349n205 Tetovo, 313 Thebes, 194 Themata, 13-16,15n21,15n22, 17n28,19-21, 31, 34, 35nl49, 36, 37, 353nl Theofylaktos of Ochrid, archbishop of Boulgaria, 217, 217n94, 219nl06,2711378, 2711379, 274n390, 293n516 Thessalonica city, 59,101n244,152n500,173, 353nl,355 province, 101n244,124, 175n618,332 Thessaly, province, 124, 332, 352 Thrace, province, 26, 101n243, 245n238,300n547, 305n577, 326n94, 329nl06, 335, 338nl45, 352, 357, 369 Thrakesion, province, 43,43n209 Tmutorokan,
295n527 Togortak/Tugorkan, Kuman khan, 295,296,315,317,319, 338nl45, 341, 344, 347 Trapezunt, 90nl84 Traulos, 211, 212, 229-231, 229nl49, 230nl52, 230nl53, 231П158, 231nl62, 233, 369, 380 Tughril Beg, Seljuk sultan (1055-1063), 46n223
INDEX Tundzha, river, 204, 206, 208, 245, 334nl29, 341, 342, 342nl64, 342nl66, 3437170, 348nl99 Tutus, Seljuk emir of Damascus, 241n219 Tzachas/Çaka, Seljuk emir of Smyrna, 220, 290, 309,361, 382 Tzelgou/Çelgü, Pecheneg chieftain, 209n44,210n46, 231nl58,242, 245, 248, 249n258, 250, 252n271, 256n296, 257, 369 Tzouroulon, 207, 220, 253n276, 282, 282n450,284, 284n464, 284n469, 289n498, 346, 346nl80,346nl81 U Uzes/Oghuz Turks, 39,160, 223 Varangians/Varangian Guard, 18, 18n36, 38, 43, 98, 99,100n235, 101n238,105,117,122, 123n358,125,126n375, 127n377,131,131n392, 133n403,137,144,145, 262n322, 262n326, 302, 302n555, 330, 330nl09, 341nl59, 352, 353nl, 354, 356, 364, 371 Vardariots/Vardariot Turks, 102, 102n246, 107,124,145, 352 Venetians, 31, 74, 94nl97, 95, 96, 97n216, 108-113, 108n280, 108n281,108n282,109n286, 109n287,110n290,110n291, llln294,115,115n313, 116n321,117,125,132n397, 133n403,134-136,135n410, 425 135n411,136n415,136n416, 143n452,170n593,171,172, 172n603,172n604,176, 180-183,183n652,184n658, 188-193,188n684,189n685, 189n688,189n691,190n693, 191n696, 1911697, 192n702, 192n703,193n708,193n709, 193n710,193n711,195, 195n720,196n722,197, 197n731,200, 360, 364 Venice, 29nll3, 95,135, 143n452, 183,188,191, 191n696, 1911697, 195, 1971731, 363 Vlachs, 93nl92,137n419,137n421, 146,154,154n511,161, 161n544, 293, 300, 300n545, 302, 302n558, 306n578, 333nl26, 336, 336nl41, 337, 337nl42, 337nl43, 338nl45,358 Vladimir Monomakh, 340 William of Grandmesnil, 81nl43, 83nl51,121,126n375, 186,198n734 X Xantas, 106,106n274, 358 Z Zeta, 89nl82 Zichia, 295n527 Zompos, 44 battle of (1074), 44
Zonaras, John, historian, 157n522, 312n28,313n31,317 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München
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Contents 1 Introduction 2 Army and Navy in Eleventh-Century Byzantium 2.1 Byzantine Army 2.1.1 Development of the Byzantine Army in the Eleventh Century 13 2.1.2 Units and Command Structure 2.1.3 Commanders 2.2 Byzantine Navy 2.2.1 Development of the Byzantine Navy in the Eleventh Century 2.2.2 Units and Command Structure 2.3 Battle ofManzikert and Its Military Impact 2.3.1 Impact ofManzikert on the Byzantine Army 2.3.2 Impact ofManzikert on the Byzantine Navy 29 32 35 36 47 3 Alexios I Komnenos 3.1 The Origin of the Komnenoi 3.2 Military Career and Life ofAlexios Komnenos Before 1081 51 51 53 4 War Against the Normans (1081-1085) 4.1 Geographical Settings 4.1.1 Geography of the Western Balkans 4.1.2 Road Network 57 57 57 62 1 11 13 17 24 29 xi
XÜ CONTENTS 4.2 4.3 5 Chronological Settings 4.2.1 Fixed Dates 4.2.2 Contested Dates Course of the War 4.3.1 Invasion and the Battle ofDyrrachion (1081) 4.3.2 Bohemund’s Offensive (1082-1083) 4.3.3 Guiscard’s Final Attack (1084-1085) War Against the Pechenegs (1083-1091) 5.1 Geographical Settings 5.1.1 Geography of the northeastern Balkans 5.1.2 Road Network 5.2 Chronological Settings 5.2.1 Fixed Dates 5.2.2 Contested Dates 5.3 Course of the War 5.3.1 Pecheneg Inroads (1083-1086) 5.3.2 Pecheneg Invasion (1087) 5.3.3 Struggle for Survival (1087-1091) 66 66 68 71 85 139 177 201 203 203 207 208 209 211 221 225 242 251 6 Kuman Invasion (1095) 6.1 Chronological Settings 6.2 Course of the Invasion 6.2.1 Kuman Occupation ofParadounavon 6.2.2 Hostilities in Thrace 307 310 316 320 336 7 Synthesis 7.1 Byzantine Army and Navy in 1095 7.1.1 Development of the Byzantine Army in 1081-1095 7.1.2 Development of the Byzantine Navy in 1081-1095 7.2 Alexios Komnenos as a Military Commander 351 3 52 3 52 360 363 8 Conclusion 377 Bibliography 385 Index 411
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Index1 A Abelard, 73n96, 77nll9,95n204, 138n424,138n425 Abrilebo, 348, 348nl99 Adana, 43n207 Adrianoupolis, 16,101n243, 123n360,124,157n520, 158n528,173, 205, 207, 208, 219nl05, 232, 232nl63, 234, 235, 236nl88, 240, 245-247, 246n242, 250, 252, 253n276, 258n303,259n308,261n317, 263n329, 269, 274, 274n394, 289n498, 300n547, 311, 315, 321n69, 326n94, 332, 334nl29, 335, 336, 338, 339nl50, 341-348,342nl64, 342nl66, 343nl70,343nl71, 344nl73, 345nl78,345nl79, 348nl97, 348nl99,349n205, 353nl Agathonike, 348, 348nl99 Ainos, 210, 247, 247n247, 293, 293n517, 293n518, 294, 294n522,299,380 Alakaseus, 345, 345nl78, 345nl79, 346,349n205 Alania, 44 Alp Arslan, Seljuk sultan (1063-1072), 35,40nl94, 46n223, 92nl89 Amalfi, 29nll3, 74, 184n658 Amicus II of Giovinazzo, or of Molfetta, 82, 82nl49 Anatolikon, province, 38, 38nl64, 40nl87, 43,43n209,44 Anchialos, 240, 240n213, 241, 2411217, 241n219, 332-340, 334nl29, 334nI30, 335nl32, 335nl33, 343, 345, 347,349n205 Anemas, Michael, 327, 327n99, 329, 329nl06, 335 Antioch, 43, 90nl84, 180n639, 378 1 Note: Page numbers followed by ‘n’ refer to notes. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023 M. Meäko, Alexios I Komnenos in the Balkans, 1081-1095, New Approaches to Byzantine History and Culture, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26296-8 411
412 INDEX Antiochos, Юб Apelchasem/Abu’l-Kasim, Seljuk emir of Nikaia, 218, 254, 277, 382 Apokapes, Basileios, 41nl96, 90nl84 Apollonias, 325n92 Apros, 207, 207n31,276 Arbanon, 63n31 Archontopouloi, 218, 275, 276, 279, 302, 302n560, 356 Ariebes, 151,151n493, 312 Arkadioupolis, 207, 253n276 Armeniakon, province, 38, 40nl87, 42,43,45,46n222 Armenians, 39, 39nl82, 40,41nl96, 101,102n245, 106,123, 123n360, 128,151n493, 157n520, 263n333, 301, 302n559, 352 Artuk, Seljuk chieftain, 45n218 Aspietes/OSin, 106, 107n275, 128n382 Athanatoi, 19,19n37, 19n39, 44, 44n215, 99,100n235,102, 102n250,144, 330, 352, 357, 378 Athens, 194 Attaleiates, Michael, historian, 13, 40nl87,49 Aulon, 58, 58n3, 59, 63, 64, 74nl03, 84, 85, 85nl66, 85nl67, 87, 87nl77, 93nl92, 145,171,172, 173n607,175, 177,182, 183n651,187, 187n677, 188,193 Axiom, river, 3 В Baldouin of Bouillon, 305n576 Bari, 36, 36nl57, 37nl62,48, 73n96, 75,136n416,138n425, 224,272n385 Basilakios, Nikeforos, 54, 83nl54, 88nl78,107n276, 225nl34 Basileios II Boulgaroktonos, emperor (976-1025), 12,29 Basilikon dromonion, 34, 34nl42, 49n244, 50,178, 360 Basilikon ploimon, 30, 32 Bathys Ryaks, 210, 288 Belgrade, 219nl05 Beliatoba, 230, 231, 231nl62, 233, 235,235nl83,238, 242n221,250n263 battle of (1086), 211 Bempetziotes, 246 Theodoros, 246n244 Beroe, 205, 215, 216, 240, 266, 267, 269, 304n568, 322n77, 333, 333nl26, 334, 334nl29, 334nl31, 336, 348nl99 Bigla, 19,19n37,19n40, 38nl70, 99, 99n230,100n235,102, 102n251, 285, 285n473, 331, 331П112, 331П113, 352, 358 Bithynia, province, 38, 40nl87 Bitzina city, 256n292 Dicina/Golyama Kamchija, river,
258n306 Bizye, 289n498 Blachernae, 142n451,177, 212, 266n349, 315, 315n41, 324n86, 325n87,325n91, 326n94, 380 Blisnos, 236, 236nl88 Bohemund, son of Robert Guiscard, 62n29, 66, 67, 69, 69n69, 70, 75, 75nll0, 82, 83nl52, 84, 85, 85nl64, 87, 93nl92, 96, 109-111, llln294,113n308, 121,130n388,132, 139, 140, 142,143n452,143n453, 144-148,144n458,148n481, 150-154, 1511493, 151n494,
INDEX 152n500, 152n502, 153n503, 153п504,154п507,154п511, 155п512,156,159, 159п532, 160,163-167,165п564, 165п565,167п574,168п583, 169-172,171п596, 173п607, 175,176,176п627,185-187, 186п670,186п671,187п677, 187пб78,191,194,198п732, 199п738, 214, 226, 248п255, 255, 355, 371,372 Bonditza, 87, 87п176, 193, 194,197, 197п731,199 Bosphorus, 179п636, 203, 234 Boulgaria, province, 38, 91nl87,102, 106n273,175n618, 302п558, 324п86, 332, 350, 357 Boulgarofygon, 207, 218, 258п303, 274, 275, 284 Boutoumites, Manuel, 254, 254n280 Brachamios, Filaretos, 41nl96, 90nl84 Branas, Nikolaos, 101n243, 211, 231, 232nl63,233, 246n243,248n254 Briennus comestabulus, 81nl42 Bryennios Nikeforos, the Elder, 54, 255n287, 332, 383 Nikeforos, the Younger, 328nl00,373n42 Brysis, 289n498 Bulgarians, 12n5, 93nl92,150n491, 1511493, 205, 224, 224nl31, 228nl46,236nl88, 254n278, 256n292, 258n306, 259, 260n316, 293, 302, 302n558,333nl27, 334nl30,348nl97 Butrint, 64, 85, 96, 107n277,113, 145,182,183n651,187-190, 187n677,189n685, 197,199 413 C Cape Glossa, 59, 61, 87, 87nl77, 96, 96n210,97n213 Cape Palli, 57-59, 108,108n280, 108n281,109n287 Capua, 95n204 Chaldia, province, 38 Chalkedon, 142 Charakenos, 316, 316n48, 316n49, 317,319-321,335,339, 339nl50, 341,342nl66, 343-346, 344nl73, 346nl82, 346nl84, 349n205, 380 Charax, 316, 316n47 Charioupolis, 218, 243, 245, 245n240, 247, 248, 275, 276 Charsianon, province, 38, 38nl65 Charzanes, river, 62,113, 114n309,130 Chios, 180n639, 220, 254,290, 291, 361 Chliat, 39, 39nl82 Choirenoi, 293n518, 294, 294n522 Choirobakchoi, 210, 221, 285, 285n471, 285n472,286, 286n478, 293n516,
380 Choirosfaktes, Constantine, 94,138n423 Chô mate noi, 43n209, 46, 98, 99, 100n236,102,102n250,144, 327n96, 352, 357, 378 Chonai, 316n47 Chortarea, 334nl31, 335, 335nl33 Chrysoskoulos/Erisgen, Seljuk emir, 92nl89 Clement III, antipope (1080-1110), 273, 273n386 Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos, emperor (913-959), 25n84,34nl42
414 INDEX Constantine IX Monomachos, emperor (1042-1055), 13,100n232 Constantine Bodin of Duklja/ Diokleia, 83nl54, 93nl92, 119n337, 307 Constantinople, 4,13, 18,18n36, 29, 30, 30nll4, 31nl23, 32, 32nl29, 34, 34nl43, 35, 41, 41nl98,42n203, 45n218,47, 49n244, 50, 62, 62n28, 63, 72, 77, 84, 86nl69, 88, 88nl79, 89, 91-93, 93nl92, 95n204, 98, 99, 100n235,101,102n250, 105n267, 114n310,123,127, 135, 137,138n424,139, 141-144, 142n451,143n453, 149,149n487,155,155n513, 156,170n593,173,173n607, 176,177,179n636,188,194, 195,195n720, 200, 205, 207, 210, 216, 2191105, 219nl06, 221, 224, 226, 241, 242, 246n242,248n255,250, 250n264, 251n270, 252, 253, 253n276, 257, 261n317, 266n349, 267, 271, 273, 273n386, 274, 278, 278n418, 284-289, 285n472, 286n478, 292, 292n511, 292n515, 293, 293n516, 307, 308, 314, 323, 331,331nll2, 333nl25, 337nl43, 342nl64, 346nl81, 349n205, 352, 355, 358, 360, 365, 366, 374, 378-381 Contarini, 191n697 Pietro, 191, 191n697 Corinth, 58,194 Crimea, 316 Crispin, Robert, general, 40,43n207 D Dalassene, Anna, mother of Alexios I 52nl5, 53, 54,100n235,142, 291n506, 309, 346 Dalassenoi, 51, 52, 52n8, 84nl61 Dalassenos, Constantine, 291, 2 91n506,2911507, 300,300n547 Dalmatia, 78, 88nl78, 96, 195n720, 308, 308n3 Daniçmend, Turkoman emir, 46n222 Danube, river, 203, 306 Dardanelles, 322n75 Deabolis, river, 63, 112, 134,134n405 Dekanos, Georgios, 306n578,336nl41 Develtos, 240 Diabatenos, Michael, 325, 325n87 Diampolis, 208, 240, 252n275, 339, 341,348nl99, 349n205 Dinogetia, 244n232 Diogenai, 16, 51, 316n48, 345 Diogenes Constantine, son of Romanos IV, 52nl5 Leo, son of Romanos
IV, 105,105n267 Nikeforos, son of Romanos IV, 105,105n267 Romanos IV, emperor (1068-1071), 104 Diokleia/Duklja, 83nl54, 89nl82, 93nl92,103,119n337, 128n383,307 Dnieper, river, 256 Dobrudja, 203, 203n6, 224nl31, 244,270n370, 321, 333nl25 Domestikos tön schoß n tes Anatoles, 18n34 tes Dyseos, 54,104
INDEX Don, river, 256 Doukai, 17,41nl96, 51, 52, 52nl5, 55 Doukaina, Eirene, empress, wife of Alexios I, 54, 86nl70, 157n521 Doukas Andronikos, general, domestikos tes Anatoles, 40, 44,157n521 Constantine X, emperor (1059-1067), 12n6, 41nl98, 52,105 Constantine (Constantios), general, 40,105n267, 117, 128n382 Michael VII, emperor (1071-1078), 4,17, 35,37,40, 40nl87, 40nl94,41,41nl98,44-46, 45n218, 49, 53, 55, 71-73, 77, 84, 92, 93,98,105,109,110, 272, 374, 378 Michael, general, brother of Eirene Doukaina, 157n521 Dristra battle of (1087), 215, 261n320, 263n333, 264n336, 267, 271, 275n398, 2811441, 291n504, 302n556,302n561, 316n49, 323, 330, 330nl09, 356, 357, 359, 364n30, 368-370, 374 city, 202nl, 208 Dromon, 30nll4 Droungarios tön ploimon/droungarios tou stolon, 33, 179n636,180, 2311158, 254n280, 291, 291n506, 346, 346nl81, 360,361П17 Dyrrachion battle of (1081), 67, 85-139, 141, 144, 145,147,183n654, 225, 232nl66,234nl78,263n333, 2911507, 302n555, 321n70, 415 325n91, 332nl20, 352-354, 356, 359nl4, 364, 364n30, 364n31, 365, 370, 374 city, 113,136 province, 74n99, 83nl54, 85, 86nl69, 87, 88nl78, 93nl92, 98 Eirene, empress (797-802), 19n40, 86nl70,157n521 Elchanes/Ilkhan, 325, 325n92, 326n93, 329, 332nl22, 334, 334nl31,347 Ethnikoi, 17,17n28, 24, 263, 263n331, 281, 332, 347, 355, 357-359, 371n41 Euforbenos Constantine Katakalon, 327n96, 329, 335, 338, 339nl48, 343 Georgios, 253, 253n277, 254, 325, 325n88, 328, 334, 334nl31 Nikeforos Katakalon, 329 Euphrates, river, 14 Exkoubitai, 19,19n37, 19n38, 38nl70, 99,101,105, 123,128, 144, 263n333, 352, 354, 356, 358 Ezeban,
161,161n546 F Falier, Vitale, doge of Venice (1084-1096), 195, 195n720 Fatimids/Fatimid Caliphate, 4, 12n5,29 Fokaia, 220, 290 Fortimundus of Rossano, 83, 83nl51,136n417 Frygians, 43n209
416 INDEX G Gabras, Theodoros, 90nl84, 312 Galeai, 30nll4, 31,182 Geoffroi of Conversano, 77nll9, 82, 138n425, 185,198n734 Gerard of Bounalbergo, 75nl06, 82,186n669 Germanikeia, 90nl84 Gisulf II of Salerno, 75, 75nlll, 82 Glabinitza in Epirus, 231nl57 in Paradounavon, 231 Golden Horn, 32nl29 Goloe, 208, 240, 252n275, 257, 258n304, 333, 338, 338nl45, 339, 341, 349, 349n205 Goules, 144n458, 262n322 Grammos, 140 Gregory VII, pope (1073-1085), 67, 68, 76, 761117, 77, 78nl24, 83, 92, 94, 95, 127n379, 137, 138n426,185,196,196n724, 272,272n385 Guido, son of Robert Guiscard, 82, 121,185, 185n665,187, 187n676,187n677,197, 198,199n740 Guiscard, Robert of Hauteville, duke of Apulia and Calabria (1059-1085), 7, 36,45,45n217, 57, 66-69, 71-80, 72n84, 72n85, 72n87, 73n95, 73n96, 75nl05, 75nl06, 75nl07, 75nl09, 75nll0, 75nlll, 76nll4, 76nll7, 77nll9, 78nl24,78nl25, 80nl32, 81П139, 81nl42, 81nl43, 82-84, 82nl49, 83nl51, 83nl52, 84nl61, 85nl67, 86, 86nl69, 86nl71, 88, 92-98, 93nl92, 95n204,100,103, 103n257,106n273,109, 109n286,111-116, 113n308, 114n311,116n318,117n322, 118,119,119n337,121, 1211348, 122n353,124, 125, 125n371,126n375,127, 127n379,127n380,129n384, 131,131n394,132n396, 132n397,133,133n403, 134n405,134n406, 136-139,136n415,136n416, 136n418,137n419,137n421, 138n424,138n425,138n426, 139n432,142,146,146n468, 152n502,167,170,171, 1711596, 176-200, 176n625, 202n2, 214, 222, 225, 226, 230, 232, 2341179, 252, 255, 272,272n385,339nl51, 343nl72, 364-366, 374, 377, 378 H Hades, 280, 280n439 Haimos (Stara Planina), 93nl92, 202nl,203-206, 208,217, 218 226, 229, 231, 231nl62, 240, 241,
241n217, 244, 245, 258, 267, 269, 270n370, 305, 306n578, 310, 320, 321, 323, 324n84, 333, 334nl31, 336, 337,338nl45, 348nl99, 349, 349n205, 356, 368 Hastings, 123n358,126n375 battle of (1066), 4,18n36, 126n375,129n384, 367 Hauteville, 73,138,139 Hellas, province, 102,102n248, 144, 352, 357, 358 Henri of Monte Sant’Angelo, 82
INDEX Henry IV, Holy Roman emperor (1056-1105), 76nll7,94,137, 138n423,272n385, 273n386 Herakleia Pontike, 49n244, 90nl84,180 Herman of Canne, duke of Lombardy, 95n204,138,138n424,138n425 Hervé of Capua, 95n204 Hetaireia/Hetaireiai, 18,18n35, 20, 39, 331, 331П113, 352, 358 Hiera Limne, 335, 335nl32 Hikanatoi, 19,19n37,19n41, 38nl70 Houmbertopoulos, Constantine, 106, 106n272,127n380,234, 2341178, 235, 240, 242, 250, 301, 302n561, 312, 313, 313n31, 322n77, 325, 325n89, 328,331 Hugues Monoculus of Chiaromonte, 186,186n671 I laroslav the Wise, Grand Prince of Kiev (1019-1054), 318 Isaccea, 224nl31, 245n236, 256n293 Italos, John, 143n453,170n593, 214n73,312 Ithaki, 58, 61, 198n733 J Jericho/Orikon, 63, 74nl03, 85 Jerusalem, 216n86 John I Tzimiskes, emperor (969-972), 14, 102n245,260n314 John VI the Oxite, patriarch of Antioch (1089-1100), 288, 288n490 Jordan I, prince of Capua (1078-1090), 77nll9,95n204 417 К Kabasilas, Alexandros, 91nl87, 101n244,102n248, 106,106n273 Kaisareia, 42, 90nl84, 367 Kalathades, 343, 343nl70 Kalavrye, 47n234 battle of (1078), 47, 54, 100n232, 225nl34,2271138, 232nl66, 255n287, 326n94, 327n96, 357, 367 Kamyres, 346, 346nl82 Kamyres-Seljuk commander, 156, 158,158n531,164, 346,346nl82 Kanina, 74nl03, 85, 85nl66 Kantakouzenos, 325, 325n90, 329, 334,334nl31 Kantzous, 279 Kappadokia, province, 16, 38-40, 38nl64,41nl96, 42, 42n203, 44, 44n210, 90nl84,144n458 Karatzas/Karadja, Argyros, 263, 263n331 Karykes, Niketas, 324n86 Kassiope, 87, 87nl74, 189, 190,190n692 Kastamonites, Niketas, 262, 262n328, 291,291n504, 362n20 Kefalonia, 58, 61, 67, 195-198,
196n722,197n729 Kekaumenos, general, 27, 28, 48n236, 114n310,118n329, 2331169, 238nl98, 366n35 Kherson, 316-318 Khorasan, 4, 309n9, 329nl06 Kilikia, province, 38, 40, 41nl96, 43, 90nl84, 101n241 Kitzes, 340, 346 Klazomenai, 290 Klokotnitsa, 244, 245
418 INDEX Koloneia, province, 38 Komnene Anna, princess and historian, daughter of Alexios I, 3, 5,9, 12, 58n3, 60nl4, 62n29, 63n30, 66-71, 66n46, 72n89, 78, 78nl25, 79nl28, 80, 80nl36, 811142, 82nl49, 83nl52, 85, 86nl69, 86nl71, 88nl79, 89,90nl84,94, 95n204, 96n211,97,98, 99n230,100n232,101n244, 103,103n257,104n260, 104n262,106n271,106n273, 107n275,107n277,108, 108n281,109n286,109n287, 110,110n290,113,113n308, 115n313,116,117n324,122, 125,126n375,127n377,128, 128n383,129n384,129n385, 130n388,132n397,135, 136n415,141,142,143n452, 143n453,144n458,145n464, 146-148,146n468,146n471, 148n481,148n482,150n488, 152n502,153n503,156, 157n520,157n521,158-160, 158n530,160n538,160n539, 161n543,163,163n552, 163n554,164n559,164n560, 166n571,166n572,167, 167n574,170n593,172, 173n607,180n638,181n642, 181n643,182n646,182n647, 182n648,184n659,186, 187n677,189n691,190n692, 190n693,192n702,193n710, 194,194n713,195,195n719, 196n724,197,198n733, 202, 202n2, 208-218, 208n41, 211n54,220, 221,222nll8, 222nll9, 231,231nl58,233, 234nl77,234nl81,235nl84, 2361189, 237, 238, 238n201, 240, 241n219, 242, 243, 246-249,246n243, 246n244, 247n250,250n263, 250n264, 252n271,252n275, 253n276, 253n277, 254, 255, 256n291, 256n292, 257, 258n304, 259n309, 260n316, 261n319, 262n326,263n331, 264,265, 265n345,266n349, 267, 268n364,269n369, 271n378, 272, 273,274n390, 276-278, 278n416, 279n428, 280, 286n478, 286n479, 287, 288n490, 293n518, 294n522, 295n527,297n533, 300, 300n545, 301, 301n551, 303n562, 303n566, 303n567, 304, 304n568, 308n2, 308n3, 311-314, 312n28, 313n31, 314n37, 316, 316n47, 316n48, 316n49, 317, 318n58,
320, 320n66, 323, 324, 324n86, 325n87, 325n90, 325n92, 326n94, 327n96, 327n97, 327n99, 328, 328nl00, 329nl03, 329nl04, 331nll2, 331nll3, 331П115, 332-334, 333nl26, 334nl31, 335nl32, 337nl43, 340, 342, 342nl64, 343nl72, 344nl75, 345nl78, 345nl79, 347, 349n205, 362n20, 362n21, 362n23, 364n31,365, 370, 372, 379 Eudokia, sister ofAlexios 1,104n261 Maria, daughter of Alexios I, 327n97 Maria, sister of Alexios I, 324n86 Theodora, sister of Alexios I, 52nl5, 104n262, 316n49 Komnenoi, 3n8, 6nl7, 6nl9, 17, 49n244, 51-53, 106n272,179n636
INDEX Komnenos Adrianos, brother of Alexios I, 52, 157, 157n522,158,163,164, 164n559,168n584, 245n236, 246n243, 248n255, 250, 250n265,256n293,262, 262n324, 265, 305n577,329nl04 Alexios I, emperor (1081-1118), before domestikos tês Dyseos, 3, 4, 7n23,11, 51-55, 57 Isaakios I, emperor (1057-1059), uncle of Alexios I, 41—43, 42n203, 51-53, 51nl, 52nl2, 53nl9 Isaakios, brother of Alexios I, 53, 53n23, 55,100n235, 130n388,142,142n449, 309, 367 John II, emperor (1118-1143), son of Alexios I, 8, 304n568 John, father of Alexios I, 52,107n276 John, nephew of Alexios I, 310, 312 Manuel, brother of Alexios I, 52,52nl5 Manuel I, emperor (1143-1180), grandson of Alexios I, 8 Manuel Erotikos, grandfather of Alexios I, 51, 51nl, 51n3 Nikeforos, brother of Alexios I, 50n247, 52,130n388, 179,343nl72 Kopulch, 308n3, 317n54 Korfù/Kerkyra, 58, 61,62n26, 63n37, 64, 69, 69n66, 69n69,69n70, 79,79nl31,85, 87, 87nl74, 107n277,112,145,177, 181-183,183n651,187-190, 187n678,189n685,189n691, 190n692,193,194,197,199 Koule, 246-248, 247n247, 251, 252n271,330 419 Kouleon, 106,144, 358 Kourkouas, Gregorios, 289n498 Kourtikios, Basileios (loannakes), 157, 157n520, 158,158n528,163, 164, 248, 248n255, 262n322, 284, 302n557, 329, 329nl06,338nl45 Koutzomites, Georgios, 260n316 Krum, Bulgarian khan (803-814), 254n278 Kumans, 4, 7, 7n22, 12, 158n530, 210n46, 217, 307-350, 352, 358, 359, 380-383 Kutlumuç, Seljuk chief, 46, 46n223,90nl84 Kymineianos, Eustathios, 346, 346nl81 Kypsella, 207, 273, 299 Kyzikos, 234, 325n92 L Ladislaus I the Holy, king of Hungary (1077-1095), 308, 308n3,317n54 Lardea, 209, 252, 252n275,
253n276, 255, 257, 258n304, 261n317, 261n320, 268n362,333 Larissa, 64, 64n43, 65, 67, 69, 70, 70n76, 93nl92, 143n453, 148n481,153-156,153n503, 154n507,154n511,155n513, 157n520,160-165,160n538, 161n544,162n548,162n549, 163n552,163n553,164n561, 166n573,167,168,168n582, 168n583,169n592,170, 170n593,171,173,173n607, 176,177, 214, 226, 232nl66, 248n255, 250n265,263n332, 266n347, 275n400,279, 279n423, 281n443, 355, 357, 371, 379
420 INDEX Lefkas/Lefkada, 58, 61 Lekas, 54, 225nl34 Leo I, emperor (457-474), 19n38 Leo V, emperor (813-820), 18n35 Leo VI the Wise, emperor (886-912), 25n84, 27 Lesbos, 220, 290, 361 Luda Kamchiya, 333nl28, 334nl31, 337, 338nl45 Lykaonians, 43n209 M Makedonia, province, 326n94 Makedonian dynasty, 11, 32 Malikshah, Seljuk sultan (1072-1092), 241n219 Maniak/Boniak/Bönek, Kuman khan, 295n527,296,296n528, 296n529, 299, 315, 317, 319, 338nl45, 341, 344, 347, 348 Mançûr ibn Kutlumuç, 46 Mantzikert, 1, 3, 5, 8, 35-50, 35nl52, 39nl82, 40nl87, 40nl94, 40nl95,42n202, 46n226, 53, 54, 89, 92nl89, 99n230,133n400,160n536, 224, 255n287, 352, 360, 371n41,373, 374, 378 fortress, 37nl62, 46 battle of (1071), 1, 3, 5, 8, 35-50, 35nl52, 40nl87, 40nl95, 42n202, 53, 54, 89, 92nl89, 99n230,133n400,160n536, 224, 352, 360, 371n41, 374, 378 Maritsa, river, 203, 205, 206, 229, 235, 248, 293, 293n518, 294, 294n522, 342nl64 Markellai, 208, 217, 269, 270, 270n370, 273 Mary of Alania, empress, 53nl9, 72 Maurikios, emperor (582-602), 25n84,118n331 Maurix, Michael, 180,180n638, 180n639,181n641, 1811643, 188-190,188п683 Maurokatakalon Gregorios, 243-244, 243n229, 244п232, 246п243, 255, 261,261п317 Marianos, 327, 328п100, 329, 342п16б,344 Nikolaos, 246-248, 246п243, 247п251,255, 262п322, 284, 326п94,328п100, 330 Medeia, 289п498 Melissenoi, 51,104п261 Melissenos, Nikeforos, 5nl6,14, 45, 46, 101n244, 104, 104n261, 105п267,122,123п360,124, 128-130,130п388,130п389, 156,158,158п527,163, 164, 164п559, 168п584,179п636, 210, 262, 263п329, 267, 288п489, 293, 293п516, 297, 298n534, 302n558, 303n563, 322п77, 324,
324п84, 328, 332, 334,334п129, 334п131, 383 Melitene, 39п182, 90п184 Melnitsa, 244, 245, 259п308,269п369 Mesembria, 224п131, 240, 261п317, 262 Mesopotamites, Basileios, 107, 107n277,113,113п307 Methymna, 290 Migidenos, 157,157n524, 158п531, 160,164,165п568, 167 Mihailo Vojislavljevich ofDiokleia, Serbian ruler, 103, 307 Moglena, 83nl52,152, 152n501, 153, 175n619, 304, 305n573, 332nl22
INDEX Moliskos, 175,175n618,175n619 Monastras, Michael, 279, 279n428, 281, 301, 303n562, 327, 328, 332nl22,335 Monomachatos, Georgios, 83nl54, 85, 85nl63, 86nl69, 88nl78 Mstislav Romanovich, 304n568 Mytilene, 290, 290n503 Nampites/Nabitr, 105, 117,122, 262n322, 262n326 Neantzes, 274, 279, 279n426, 280 Neilos of Calabria, 312 Neorion, 32, 32nl29 Nikaia, 89, 90nl84, 94,100n236, 254, 277, 309, 309n9, 315, 379, 382 Nikeforitzes, 4,41,41nl98,44, 45n218, 374 Nikeforos I, emperor (802-811), 19n41 Nikeforos II Fokas, emperor (963-969), 14, 25n84, 253n276 Nikeforos III Botaneiates, emperor (1078-1081), former doux Anatolikon, 23n74,44n215, 45-47, 54, 55, 71, 77, 78nl24, 811142, 83nl54, 84, 85,91, 92, 92nl89,96n208,99n231, 106n272,106n273,141n445, 157n520, 179n636, 212, 225, 255n287, 290n500, 360, 383 Nike/Little Nikaia, 258, 258n303, 258n304, 284, 340, 345nl79, 347,347nl87 Nikerites, Leo, 257, 257n300, 258n304, 306n578, 321, 321n69,322,322n77 Nikolaos III the Grammarian, patriarch (1084-1111), 323 421 Nikomedia, 218-220, 219nl06, 219nl07, 277, 294, 316n47, 356 Nish, 219nl05,2291149 Normans (Franks), 23, 38nl70, 39nl82,100, 232nl65, 352 Noviodunum, 224, 244, 256n293 О Odobonus Marquis, 198n734 Oleg Sviatoslavich, 295n527, 318, 318n60, 319, 319n61 Olympias/Helena, daughter of Robert Guiscard, 72, 73, 77 Onffoi of Hauteville, count of Apulia, 95n204 Opos, Constantine, 105, 291, 2911507 Optimatoi, 19 Ouranos, Nikeforos, general, 25n84 Ouzas, 157, 158n530, 160,164, 165n568,169, 263, 263n331, 263n332, 279, 281, 281n441, 301,303n562, 328,332nl22 Paflagonia, province, 40nl87, 51,90nl84
Pakourianos (Bakurianisdze), Gregorios, domestikos of the West, 83nl52,101n243,104,104n260, 107n275,122,123,123n360, 125,126,127n377,129,135, 144,149,152n500,153,156, 158,158n528,159n532, 210n45,211,213-215, 226-229, 226nl36,226nl37,227nl38, 227nl41,229nl47, 231-233, 232nl63,232nl65, 233nl69, 235,244,246n243, 248n254, 250n263,262n324
422 INDEX Palaiologos Georgios, general, 49n244, 67, 83nl52, 86, 86nl70, 86nl71, 86nl72, 88nl78, 98, 98n223, 103,108, 111, 115n315, 116n321,117,117n322, 128n382,134,134n407, 157n520,157n521,173-175, 175n620,179n636, 255, 2611317, 266, 266n352, 266n353, 300, 321n70, 322n77, 324, 324n84, 325, 328, 334, 334nl29, 334nl31,383 Nikeforos, 128n382 Pamfylos, 245n240, 246, 246n245, 247,252n271 Panoukomites, Niketas, 105 Paradounavon (Paristrion), province, 91,201,202nl,223, 224, 249n258, 251,254n278, 257n297, 257n300, 258, 270, 270n370, 270n371,305, 306n578, 310, 320, 321n71, 322, 323, 329nl06, 333, 336nl41, 338nl45, 356, 368, 370, 372, 378, 380 Pasara (Urnen Pasann), 189 Paulikians, 102, 102n245,106, 124, 129, 144,173n607,177,211, 225nl34, 229-231, 259, 262, 302, 302n559, 330, 352, 358 Pechenegs (Scythians), 39 Peloponnese, 61, 257n300 Peter II of Tarent, 82 Philippoupolis, 54,102n245, 205, 207, 217, 225nl34, 228-230, 228nl46, 229nl49, 233, 235, 237, 238, 240n210, 242n221, 245, 2521271, 272, 274n390, 289n498, 300n547, 328nl02, 334nl29 Pineios, river, 59-61, 64, 161, 161n542, 1611543, 164, 166-169,167n574 Pliska, 204, 208, 223, 259, 259n309, 268n364 Poimainenon, 325n92 Polyboton, 278, 278n416, 280n432 Poudilos/Budilä/Badilä, 333nl26, 337 Pounteses (Raoul of Pontoise), 811142, 83nl52,150, 150n491,152n502 Poutza, 345, 345nl79 Preslav, 204, 208, 224nl31, 259n308, 261,261n317, 268n364,270n370 Psellos, Michael, historian, 13, 52 Pyrrhos, Georgios, 157, 158n529, 160, 164-166, 164n560, 279,279n423 R Ragusa, 78, 96 Raoul, son of Dagobert, 84 RaSka/Rascia, 308, 308n2, 308n4, 310,312 Rhodopes,
93nl92, 205, 206 Richard the Seneschal, 82 Robert, Giffard, 81nl43, 121,126n375 Robert, son of Robert Guiscard, 167 Robert I the Frisian, count of Flanders (1071-1093), 277 Robert of Loritello, 76nll4, 82, 185-186,186n669,198n734 Robert of Montescaglioso, 77nll9 Roger, son of Dagobert, 84nl61 Roger Borsa, son of Robert Guiscard, 75, 80nl32, 81nl42, 82, 83, 138n425,139, 185,186n669, 186n671,187n677, 191,
INDEX 1911700, 192,195, 198, 198n732,199, 252 Roger of Hauteville, brother of Robert Guiscard, 72 Romanos II, emperor (959-963), 18n34 Romanos III Argyros, emperor (1028-1034), 95n200 Rousion, 207, 220, 278, 278n416, 278n417, 280-282, 280n432, 280n439 Roussel of Bailleul, 37, 41nl96, 42, 42n205, 43, 43n207,45, 45n218, 46, 46n222, 49n244, 54,106n272, 355n7, 367, 374 Rus, 23, 31nl23, 32, 34, 38,45n216, 232nl65, 315, 318, 318n59, 319, 340, 340nl57 S Samos, 290, 290n503, 361 Sardike/Sofia, 207, 229nl49 Satzas, 256n292 Scholai, 17,17n32,18,19n37, 38, 38nl63, 38nl70, 39, 99n230 Seljuks/Seljuk Turks, 4, 6, 6nl7, 8, 12, 23, 35-37, 37nl62, 39nl82, 40^3,40nl94, 40nl95,45, 45n218, 46, 46n223, 48, 53n23, 54, 72, 89, 90nl84, 91, 91nl88, 92, 92nl89, 94, 96, 96n208, 99n231,101,102n246, 102n250,103,104n262,107, 113,117,118,120, 120n341, 128,128n383, 144,156, 158-160,158n530,158n531, 164,165n568,173,181, 202n2, 212, 216n86, 219,219nl06, 219nl07, 230, 232, 232nl65, 234nl75,241n219, 263n333, 277, 290, 291,303, 309,315, 325n92, 327n96, 346nl82, 350, 423 353, 355, 356, 359, 363, 367, 371, 371n41, 377-379, 381, 382 Sesthlavos/Öaslav, 256n292 Siaous/Çavuç, 241n219 Sidéra, 240, 240n210, 245, 258, 269, 333nl28, 334, 334nl31, 338nl45, 348nl99, 349, 349n205, 372 Sikelgaita, wife of Robert Guiscard, 75,75nl07, 75nll0, 82,121, 121n350,125n371,125n372, 132n397,176n627,185, 185n667,186n669,197-200, 197n729,197n730, 198n732, 365 Silvio, Domenico, doge of Venice (1071-1084), 95, 108,109,134, 136n416,189,191, 1911697, 195, 195n720 Siverskyi Donets, river, 256, 268, 296 Skaliarios, 326, 326n93, 329, 332nl22,
334, 334nl31, 347 Skopje, 91nl87,150,150n491, 152n502,153n504,170, 308n4, 313 Skoteinon, 245, 245n240, 247 Skoutarion, 342nl66, 348 Skylitzes, John, historian, 91nl87, 99n230,106n273, 212, 223nl25,223nl26,224nl27 Solomon, king of Hungary (1063-1074), 209n44,242, 242n224, 249, 249n258, 249n260,251,251n269 Sozopolis, 240 Straboromanos, Manuel, 319n62 Strateia, 13 Stratio tika ktêmata, 13 Süleyman ibn Kutlumuç, 46,46n223, 90nl84, 92nl89, 94, 96, 100n236,156, 346nl82, 353, 355, 371, 382
424 INDEX Sviatopolk II, Grand Prince of Kiev (1093-1113), 318, 318n59, 319, 340 Symmachoi, 17, 23, 224,257, 353 Synadenos, Nikeforos, 105, 117,128n382 Syria, 12n5, 38,41nl96,43, 180n639, 246n244 T Tagmata, 14-17,18n35,19,19n37, 19n43, 20, 20n44, 21n53, 23, 31, 33, 36-40, 38nl70,40nl86, 40nl87, 43-46, 44n215, 99, 101, 1011244, 102,123, 123n360,124,127,129,144, 147,152n500,158,168,173, 17 3n610,2261137, 232, 232nl66, 235,245,250, 250n263, 331,352, 354, 355n7, 356-358, 357n8, 360, 365, 378 Tancred, 186n670 Tarchaneiotes Joseph, general, 39 Katakalon, 321n69, 322n77, 326, 326n94, 331,335, 341,344nl75 Taronites John, 322n77, 324, 324n86, 328, 332, 334, 334nl31 Michael, 324n86, 325 Tatikios, 107, 107n276, 210n45, 232nl67,234-240, 234nl75, 2341177, 234nl81, 235nl84, 236nl89, 242, 250n263, 262, 263n329, 275, 276, 302n561,325, 325n91,328, 331nll5, 332nl22, 334, 334nl31,347 Tatranes/Katranes/Tatran, 279, 279n426, 281 Tatu/Tatous/Tatrys/Chales, Pecheneg chieftain and exarchon of Paradounavon, 224nl32, 231П158, 256,256n292, 256n296, 257, 259, 267, 268n362, 334nl29, 368 Taurokomos, 218, 274, 274n394, 275, 346, 349, 349n205 Tetovo, 313 Thebes, 194 Themata, 13-16,15n21,15n22, 17n28,19-21, 31, 34, 35nl49, 36, 37, 353nl Theofylaktos of Ochrid, archbishop of Boulgaria, 217, 217n94, 219nl06,2711378, 2711379, 274n390, 293n516 Thessalonica city, 59,101n244,152n500,173, 353nl,355 province, 101n244,124, 175n618,332 Thessaly, province, 124, 332, 352 Thrace, province, 26, 101n243, 245n238,300n547, 305n577, 326n94, 329nl06, 335, 338nl45, 352, 357, 369 Thrakesion, province, 43,43n209 Tmutorokan,
295n527 Togortak/Tugorkan, Kuman khan, 295,296,315,317,319, 338nl45, 341, 344, 347 Trapezunt, 90nl84 Traulos, 211, 212, 229-231, 229nl49, 230nl52, 230nl53, 231П158, 231nl62, 233, 369, 380 Tughril Beg, Seljuk sultan (1055-1063), 46n223
INDEX Tundzha, river, 204, 206, 208, 245, 334nl29, 341, 342, 342nl64, 342nl66, 3437170, 348nl99 Tutus, Seljuk emir of Damascus, 241n219 Tzachas/Çaka, Seljuk emir of Smyrna, 220, 290, 309,361, 382 Tzelgou/Çelgü, Pecheneg chieftain, 209n44,210n46, 231nl58,242, 245, 248, 249n258, 250, 252n271, 256n296, 257, 369 Tzouroulon, 207, 220, 253n276, 282, 282n450,284, 284n464, 284n469, 289n498, 346, 346nl80,346nl81 U Uzes/Oghuz Turks, 39,160, 223 Varangians/Varangian Guard, 18, 18n36, 38, 43, 98, 99,100n235, 101n238,105,117,122, 123n358,125,126n375, 127n377,131,131n392, 133n403,137,144,145, 262n322, 262n326, 302, 302n555, 330, 330nl09, 341nl59, 352, 353nl, 354, 356, 364, 371 Vardariots/Vardariot Turks, 102, 102n246, 107,124,145, 352 Venetians, 31, 74, 94nl97, 95, 96, 97n216, 108-113, 108n280, 108n281,108n282,109n286, 109n287,110n290,110n291, llln294,115,115n313, 116n321,117,125,132n397, 133n403,134-136,135n410, 425 135n411,136n415,136n416, 143n452,170n593,171,172, 172n603,172n604,176, 180-183,183n652,184n658, 188-193,188n684,189n685, 189n688,189n691,190n693, 191n696, 1911697, 192n702, 192n703,193n708,193n709, 193n710,193n711,195, 195n720,196n722,197, 197n731,200, 360, 364 Venice, 29nll3, 95,135, 143n452, 183,188,191, 191n696, 1911697, 195, 1971731, 363 Vlachs, 93nl92,137n419,137n421, 146,154,154n511,161, 161n544, 293, 300, 300n545, 302, 302n558, 306n578, 333nl26, 336, 336nl41, 337, 337nl42, 337nl43, 338nl45,358 Vladimir Monomakh, 340 William of Grandmesnil, 81nl43, 83nl51,121,126n375, 186,198n734 X Xantas, 106,106n274, 358 Z Zeta, 89nl82 Zichia, 295n527 Zompos, 44 battle of (1074), 44
Zonaras, John, historian, 157n522, 312n28,313n31,317 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Meško, Marek ca. 20./21. Jahrhundert |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1223028704 |
| author_facet | Meško, Marek ca. 20./21. Jahrhundert |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Meško, Marek ca. 20./21. Jahrhundert |
| author_variant | m m mm |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV049359436 |
| classification_tum | GES 000 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1410711116 (DE-599)BVBBV049359436 |
| dewey-full | 940.902 |
| dewey-hundreds | 900 - History & geography |
| dewey-ones | 940 - History of Europe |
| dewey-raw | 940.902 |
| dewey-search | 940.902 |
| dewey-sort | 3940.902 |
| dewey-tens | 940 - History of Europe |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| discipline_str_mv | Geschichte |
| era | Geschichte 1081-1095 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1081-1095 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic_facet | Balkanhalbinsel |
| id | DE-604.BV049359436 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T22:51:47Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T10:02:33Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783031262951 |
| issn | 2730-9371 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034619623 |
| oclc_num | 1410711116 |
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| owner | DE-12 |
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| physical | xvi, 425 Seiten |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20231201 gbd_4_2401 |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateSearch | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | Palgrave Macmillan |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | New approaches to Byzantine history and culture |
| spelling | Meško, Marek ca. 20./21. Jahrhundert Verfasser (DE-588)1223028704 aut Alexios I Komnenos in the Balkans, 1081-1095 Marek Meško Cham, Switzerland Palgrave Macmillan [2023] ©2023 xvi, 425 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier New approaches to Byzantine history and culture 2730-9371 Alexios I. Byzantinisches Reich, Kaiser 1048-1118 (DE-588)118501925 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1081-1095 gnd rswk-swf History of Medieval Europe Military History Russian, Soviet, and East European History Europe—History—476-1492 Military history Russia—History Europe, Eastern—History Soviet Union—History Kriegführung (DE-588)4073817-6 gnd rswk-swf Balkanhalbinsel (DE-588)4004334-4 gnd rswk-swf Byzantinische Geschichte (DE-2581)TH000005765 gbd Alexios I. Byzantinisches Reich, Kaiser 1048-1118 (DE-588)118501925 p Balkanhalbinsel (DE-588)4004334-4 g Kriegführung (DE-588)4073817-6 s Geschichte 1081-1095 z DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-3-031-26296-8 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034619623&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034619623&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034619623&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Meško, Marek ca. 20./21. Jahrhundert Alexios I Komnenos in the Balkans, 1081-1095 Alexios I. Byzantinisches Reich, Kaiser 1048-1118 (DE-588)118501925 gnd History of Medieval Europe Military History Russian, Soviet, and East European History Europe—History—476-1492 Military history Russia—History Europe, Eastern—History Soviet Union—History Kriegführung (DE-588)4073817-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)118501925 (DE-588)4073817-6 (DE-588)4004334-4 |
| title | Alexios I Komnenos in the Balkans, 1081-1095 |
| title_auth | Alexios I Komnenos in the Balkans, 1081-1095 |
| title_exact_search | Alexios I Komnenos in the Balkans, 1081-1095 |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Alexios I Komnenos in the Balkans, 1081-1095 |
| title_full | Alexios I Komnenos in the Balkans, 1081-1095 Marek Meško |
| title_fullStr | Alexios I Komnenos in the Balkans, 1081-1095 Marek Meško |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alexios I Komnenos in the Balkans, 1081-1095 Marek Meško |
| title_short | Alexios I Komnenos in the Balkans, 1081-1095 |
| title_sort | alexios i komnenos in the balkans 1081 1095 |
| topic | Alexios I. Byzantinisches Reich, Kaiser 1048-1118 (DE-588)118501925 gnd History of Medieval Europe Military History Russian, Soviet, and East European History Europe—History—476-1492 Military history Russia—History Europe, Eastern—History Soviet Union—History Kriegführung (DE-588)4073817-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Alexios I. Byzantinisches Reich, Kaiser 1048-1118 History of Medieval Europe Military History Russian, Soviet, and East European History Europe—History—476-1492 Military history Russia—History Europe, Eastern—History Soviet Union—History Kriegführung Balkanhalbinsel |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034619623&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034619623&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034619623&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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