Contesting the politics of genocidal rape: affirming the dignity of the vulnerable body
"Rape, traditionally a spoil of war, became a weapon of war in the ethnic cleansing campaign in Bosnia. The ICTY Kunarac court responded by transforming wartime rape from an ignored crime into a crime against humanity. In its judgment, the court argued that the rapists violated the Muslim women...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York ; London
Routledge
2013
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| Ausgabe: | First issued in paperback |
| Schriftenreihe: | Routledge research in gender and society
29 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | "Rape, traditionally a spoil of war, became a weapon of war in the ethnic cleansing campaign in Bosnia. The ICTY Kunarac court responded by transforming wartime rape from an ignored crime into a crime against humanity. In its judgment, the court argued that the rapists violated the Muslim women’s right to sexual self-determination. Announcing this right to sexual integrity, the court transformed women’s vulnerability from an invitation to abuse into a mark of human dignity. This close reading of the trial, guided by the phenomenological themes of the lived body and ambiguity, feminist critiques of the autonomous subject and the liberal sexual/social contract, critical legal theory assessments of human rights law and institutions, and psychoanalytic analyses of the politics of desire, argues that the court, by validating women’s epistemic authority (their right to establish the meaning of their experience of rape) and affirming the dignity of the vulnerable body (thereby dethroning the autonomous body as the embodiment of dignity), shows us that human rights instruments can be used to combat the epidemic of wartime rape if they are read as de-legitimating the authority of the masculine autonomous subject and the gender codes it anchors." |
| Beschreibung: | 131 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9780415719513 |
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Index A Agamben, Giorgio, 55 Akayesu, Jean-Paul, 6 Akayesu case, 6-9 Allen, Beverly, 12, 60 ambiguity: autonomous subject and, 80-82, 115; of body, 3-4, 29-30, 47, 113; of human rights, 83; rape and, 41; slavery and,31-37 American Declaration of Indepen dence, 88, 102-103,106, 109, 116 American Revolution, 84, 116 Appiah, Anthony K., 89 Aquinas, Thomas St., 91 Arendt, Hannah, 111 Auschwitz, 17 autonomous body: dignity and, 116; rape and, 22, 69, 110; slavery and, 1-2; social contract and, 73; sovereignty and, 101-102 autonomous subject: ambiguity and, 80-82, 115; lived body and, 111; rape and, 45; sexual selfdetermination, 72-75; sexual self-determination and, 78-80; slavery and, 2-4, 34; vulnerable body and,30 autonomy: fantasy of, 74-79; ideals of, 102; social contract and, 71; trauma and, 107; vulnerable body and, 41, 80-82,85-89 B Bakare-Yusuf, Bibi, 33, 35 Ballesteros, Jesus, 89 barbarism, 103-105. See also horrorism Bassiouni, Cherif, 25, 106 Baudrillard, 4, 60-66 Beauvoir, Simone de, 8, 55, 112 Beijing Declaration, 10 biopolitics, 43-44, 50 biopower, 50 body: autonomous body, 22, 69, 73, 101-102, 110, 116; "I can” body, 3, 31-35, 37, 40-41,47; lived body, 3-4, 29-32, 37, 47, 61, 63, 69, 111; sensate body, 3, 31, 35, 40-41, 47; sensual body, 3, 31, 41-42, 47-48; vulnerable body, 1-5, 6-26, 29-48, 67-82, 99-119 Bosnia-Herzegovina, 3, 10-15, 96 Bosnian-Muslim, 3, 12, 14, 58 Bosnian-Serb rape campaign, 4, 26-28, 56, 67, 75 Bosnian-Serb soldiers, 1, 6-7, 27, 63, 66, 73, 77, 82 Bouandel, Youcef, 90 Bourke, Joanna, 22, 59, 68-69 “boys being boys” behavior, 7, 64, 67 Brana
plan, 12-13 Bringa, Tone, 58-59 Brown, Wendy, 42, 45 Brownmiller, Susan, 60 Buergenthal, Thomas, 106 Burgess-Jackson, Keith, 71 Butler, Judith, 5, 44, 57, 102-103,107 C Card, Claudia, 19, 28 Cavarero, Adriana, 105, 107-108 Cigar, Norman, 80 Civilization and its Discontents, 74-76 Clausewitz, Carl von, 92-93 “CNN effect,” 65
128 Index Coetzee, J. M., 46, 47, 48 Cold War, 15-16 “collateral damage,” 1, 7, 22, 64, 67 “comfort women,” 26, 27 concentration/death camps, 17, 105 confession, 32, 36-41, 44-45 conscience, and horror, 103-110 consent, 2, 4, 16, 70-77, 82, 87-88 Coomaraswamy, Radhika, 10, 84 crime against humanity, 2-7, 15-29, 63, 69, 82, 95, 119 Croatia, 12 D Darfur, 28 death camps, 17, 105 death of God, 96 Debord, Guy, 65-66 Decade for Women, 9 Declaration of Independence, 88, 102-103, 106, 109, 116 Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women (DEVAW), 10 degenerate war, 92-93 Del Ponte, Carla, 7 Derrida, Jacques, 91, 94 Desai, Manisha, 87, 97 Descartes, Renee, 88 dialogue and humanism, 5, 112-117 dignity: affirming, 67-82; assault ing, 29-48; autonomous body and, 116; concept of, 118-119; human rights and, 47-48; integrity and, 68-69; rape and, 19, 22-28; respect and, 105-119; transforming mean ing of, 22-28; violating, 52-53, 59, 84-101; of vulnerable body, 1-5, 9-10, 29-48. See also human dignity Discipline and Punish, 49-50 domestic rape, 42, 50-51, 70-71. See also rape Donnelly, Jack, 85-86, 89 Douzinas, Costas, 5, 36, 96-100, 104-105 Du Toit, Louise, 42-43 E Elshtain, Jean-Bethke, 94 Emile, 74 Enlightenment, 88-90, 103, 112, 117 erotic happiness, 116-117 erotic passion, 31 ethnic cleansing: genocide and, 18-22, 25, 49-50, 55-56; rape and, 3, 7, 10-29, 43, 55-61; strategy of, 16-29, 43; war and, 3, 7,10-15 Evans, Tony, 85 F Fanon, Franz, 44 Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), 87 Final Solution, 17, 84, 108 floating signifier, 5, 97-100 Foca, 3, 13-15, 20-22 Foucault,
Michel, 4, 36, 49-50, 64, 84, 119 Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing, 10 French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, 103 French Revolution, 84, 109, 116 Freud, Sigmund, 4, 61, 74-77 G genealogies of human rights, 88-95 Geneva Conventions, 24-27, 67, 83 genocidal rape: nature of, 27; politics of, 3-5, 11; as spectacle, 48-66; tactics of, 13-17, 41-44, 76, 81-83, 95; torture and, 32, 82; trauma and, 108. See also rape genocide: ethnic cleansing and, 18-22, 25, 49-50, 55-56; politics of, 1-5, 24, 29; rape campaigns and, 52-54; as spectacle, 48-66; tactics of, 13-17, 41-44, 81-83, 92; violence of, 101, 105-107, 115, 118 Gilbert, Paul, 38 Gilroy, Paul, 34, 43, 79 God, death of, 96 Goodin, Robert, 73 Gordon, Robert, 97 Gutman, Roy, 14 H happiness: concept of, 118-119; desire for, 94; erotic happiness, 116-117; right to, 5, 102, 112, 115-119 Hegel, G. W. F., 32-34 Hirschmann, Nancy, 4, 72 Hobbes, Thomas, 74 Holocaust, 55, 86, 106-108 horror, and conscience, 103-110
Index horrorism, 5, 105-110 human dignity: autonomous body and, 116; integrity and, 68-69; rape and, 19, 22-28; respect and, 105-119; transforming meaning of, 22-28; violating, 52-53, 59, 84-101; of vulner able body, 1-3, 46, 77. See also dignity human right: to bear witness, 5, 23-26, 110-111, 115,119; to happiness, 5, 102, 115-119; to revolt, 5, 115-119; to sexual self-determination, 1-4, 7, 15-18, 27, 67-70, 73, 79-83, 101, 104, 109, 117-119 human rights: conscience and, 103-110; dignity and, 47-48; floating signifier, 97-100; gene alogies of, 88-95; international law and, 83-84; lingua franca of, 4, 83-101, 112; rape and, 29-32; representing, 83-100; trauma and, 107-109; violating, 1-11, 16-22, 56; vulnerability and, 69, 102 humanism, new, 5, 111-118 humanitarian law, 7, 16-18 humanity, crime against, 2-7, 15-29, 63, 69, 82, 95, 119 humiliation, 4,10, 21, 32, 38-42, 52, 74, 78, 105 Hutu, 28, 49-50, 53-56, 65-66, 92 I Ignatieff, Michael, 86-87, 89, 90, 103-105, 108 image: ethics of, 64-66; as mask, 62; as reflection, 61-62; as simula crum, 62-63; stages of, 60-66 incest taboo, 4, 50, 55-59 Interahamwe, 53 International Criminal Court (ICC), 18, 103, 106 International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), 6-8, 89, 91, 100 International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), 1-18, 22-29, 66-67, 72-77, 80-83,88-91,95,100-102, 109,117 international law, 3,16-22, 68, 77, 83-84 129 International Tribunal on Crimes Against Women, 8 Irigaray, Luce, 5, 93-95 J Janjawid, 28 jouissance, 5, 80, 108-110, 117-118 just war genealogy, 88-92 just war tradition, 5, 73,
90-95, 102 Justine, 55 K Karadzic, Radovan, 11 Kerr, Rachel, 15-16 Kovac, Radomir, 6, 14-15, 23 Kristeva, Julia, 4-5, 76, 80, 116-119 Kunarac, Dragoljub, 2-9, 13-16, 23 Kunarac case, 2-9, 13-16, 23-29, 37,47, 77, 80, 83, 88, 95, 101, 109 L Lacan, Jacques, 4-5, 77-79, 82, 99, 105, 108-110, 116,118 Laqueur, Thomas, 90, 109-110 law: authority of, 5, 67, 95-97; inter national law, 3, 16-22, 68, 77, 83-84 Law of the Father, 78 Lemkin, Raphel, 18 liberal social contract, 70-74, 80 lingua franca of human rights, 4, 83-101, 112 Locke, John, 74 “logic of the Many,” 93-96 Lynd, Helen Merrell, 38 M MacKinnon, Catherine, 4, 10-11, 14, 16,59-60,96,106 “Many,” logic of, 93-95 May 1968 protests, 116-117, 119 “men of substance” principle, 67-68, 73, 81-82 Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, 5, 111-119 Mexico City Conference on Women, 8-9 Minangkabau, 44-45 Mitterand, Francois, 22 “mother’s love,” 78 Mumba, Florence, 23 Muslim culture, 12, 43, 50 Muslim women/girls, 1, 4,11-15, 24-28,43,49-51,58-62
130 Index N Nairobi UN Third World Conference on Women, 9 Nazis, 17-19, 105 new humanism, 5, 111-118 New York Times, 64 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 60-61 No Exit, 40 Nossiter, Adam, 64-65 Nuremberg, 16-18 O Okin, Susan, 73 On Photography, 65 On War, 92 “One,” logic of, 93-96 P Pajaczkowska, Claire, 38 Partizan, 13-14, 22 Pateman, Carole, 4, 71-72 Pavle, Patriarch, 13 Pfiffner, James, 36-37 phenomenology, 5, 30, 59, 102, 111, 117-119 postmodern concept, 90, 94, 99, 104, 106,116 public rape, 12-13, 50, 56, 61-64, See also rape public spectacles, 4, 11, 52, 60 R Ram plan, 12-13 rape: domestic rape, 12-13; ethnic cleansing and, 3, 7, 10-29, 43, 55-61; genocidal rape, 49-66; (non)seandal of, 4, 63-64; pub lic rape, 12-13, 50, 56, 61—64; scandal of, 4, 63-64; scripted rape, 3, 10-15; as spectacle, 4, 11-13, 48-66; torture and, 3, 6-8,14-18, 21-31, 37, 41-54, 64, 69, 84, 95, 110; transform ing meaning of, 22-28, 119; trivialization of, 6-7, 52; vulnerable body and, 41-48. See also war time rape Real, the, 5,105,108-110,117 Remembering Slavery, 34 Republika Srpska, 14 revolt, right to, 5, 115-119 Rhode, Deborah, 89, 97 right to bear witness, 5, 23-26, 110-111, 115, 119 right to happiness, 5,102,112, 115-119 right to revolt, 5, 115-119 right to sexual self-determination, 1-4, 7, 15-18, 27, 67-70, 73, 79-83, 101, 104,109, 117-119 Robinson, Fiona, 84-85 Rousseau, Jacques, 74 Rwanda, 4, 6, 28, 48-56, 59, 65, 92 S Sade, Marquis de, 4, 54-58 Salzman, Thomas, 13 Sanday, Peggy Reeves, 44-45 Sarajevo, 58, 65 Sartre, Jean-Paul, 38-40, 46, 102 Scarry, Elaine, 5, 31, 36, 93-95 scripted rape, 3,
10-15. See also rape sexual self-determination: human right to, 1-4, 7, 15-18, 27, 67-70, 73, 79-83,101, 104,109,117-119; social contract and, 71-74 sexual slavery, 1-4, 7, 23-24, 101 shame, 22-28, 38-41, 45-50, 58-60, 78-80, 107, 118 Shaw, Martin, 92-93 Silverman, Kaja, 57-58 simulacrum, 61-66 slavery: sexual slavery, 1-4, 7, 23-24, 101; torture and, 1-4, 11, 29-32, 35-43, 110; vulnerable body and,32-35 Smith, Roger, 106, 107 Smith, Tammy, 96 social contract, 70-74, 80, 88 Sontag, Susan, 4, 65-66 sovereignty, 17, 34, 50, 54-56, 85, 101-102,119 Sparer, Ed, 89 speech, violence of, 5, 114-115 spiritual happiness, 116 Srbinje, 14 T Tokyo, 16 torture: confession and, 32,36-41, 44-45; rape and, 3, 6-8, 14-18, 21-31,37,41-54, 64,69, 84, 95, 110; slavery and, 1-4,11, 29-32, 35-43, 110; vulnerable body and, 35-43, 46-49 Totem and Taboo, 74 trauma, 5, 51-52 , 74, 79,106-109 Tutsi, 49-50, 53-56, 59 “Two,” logic of, 93-95
Index 131 U W UN Commission on Human Rights, 19 UN Commission on the Status of Women, 23 UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), 9 United Nations Charter, 15, 105 United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimi nation, 21 United Nations conference on women, 8-10 United Nations Rome Statute, 103 United Nations Security Council, 6, 15 United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 103 Waiting for the Barbarians, 46 war crimes, 6, 16-18, 70, 91 war time rape: epidemic of, 100; ethnic cleansing and, 3, 7, 10-29, 43, 55-61; human rights and, 1; torture and, 3, 6-8, 14-18, 21-31, 37, 41-54, 64, 69, 95, 110; transforming meaning of, 22-28, 119; trivialization of, 6-7. See also rape Ward, Ivan, 38 White Plague, 13 Williams, Patricia, 4, 72 witness: right to bear, 5, 23-26, 110-111, 115, 119 women’s movement, 3, 8-10, 29 women’s rights, 5-10, 27, 71, 96, 119 World War II, 17, 26 Wretched of the Earth, The, 44 Wyschogrod, Edith, 106 V Vienna Conference on Human Rights, 10 “violence of speech,” 5, 114-115 Vukovic, Zoran, 6, 14-15, 23 vulnerability, 1-5, 50-51, 83, 86, 90-92,99-100 vulnerable body: dignity of, 29-48, 67-82; politics of, 101-119; rape and, 41-48; slavery and, 32-35; torture and, 35-43, 46-49; on trial, 6-28 Y Yugoslavia, 1, 4, 6, 16, 19, 24-29, 43, 47-60, 65, 101, 105 Z Zagreb, 10, 12 München |
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The language of care. In P. Woloch A. Brooks (Eds.), Whose Freuds The place of psychoanalysis in contemporary culture (pp. 150153). New Haven: Yale University Press. Simons, M. (2001a, February 16). Bosnian war trial focuses on sex crimes. New York Times. Simons, M. (2001b, February 22). Three Serbs convicted in wartime rapes. New York Times. Smith, R. (1999). State power and genocide in the twentieth century. In L. Chorba jian G. Shirinian (Eds.), Studies in comparative genocide (pp. 3-15). London: Macmillian. Smith, T. (2005). Post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina: The erosion of women’s rights under international governance. Critical Half: Bi-Annual Journal of Women for Women International, 3(2), 39-42. Sontag, S. (1977). On Photography. New York: Anchor Books. Sontag, S. (2002). War and photography. In N. Owen (Ed.), Human rights human wrongs (pp. 251-273). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Sparer, E. (1984). Fundamental human rights, legal entitlements and the social struggle: A friendly critique of the critical studies legal movement. Stanford Law Review, 36, 509-574. Toit, L. du. (2003). Rape understood as torture: What is the responsibility of men? In E. Conradie L. Clowes (Eds.), Rape: Rethinking male responsibility (pp. 36-66). Stellenbosh: Ecumenical Foundation of Southern Africa. Turner, B. (2006). Vulnerability and human rights. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. UN International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, ICTR (1998) Judgment Akayesu case. Retrieved from http://www.unictr.org/cases. UN International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia,
ICTY (2001a) Summary Judgment of Trial Chamber II in Kunarac, Kovac and Vukovic Case. Retrieved from http://www.icty.org/cases.
126 Bibliography UN International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, ICTY (2001b) Judgment of Trial Chamber II in Kunarac, Kovac and Vukovic Case. Retrieved from http://www.icty.org/cases. UN International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, ICTY (2002) Appeals Chamber Kunarac, Kovac and Vukovic Case. Retrieved from http://www.icty.org/cases. Washington coalition for comfort women issues. (2007). Advertisement, Washing ton Post, 26. Williams, P. (1991). The alchemy of race and class. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Wyschogrod, E. (2005). The warring logics of genocide. In J. Roth (Ed.), Genocide and human rights: A philosophical guide (pp. 207-219). New York: Palgrave. Yursehn, M., Twagiramariya, C. (Eds.). (1998). What women do in wartime: Gender and conflict in Africa. New York: Zed Books.
Index A Agamben, Giorgio, 55 Akayesu, Jean-Paul, 6 Akayesu case, 6-9 Allen, Beverly, 12, 60 ambiguity: autonomous subject and, 80-82, 115; of body, 3-4, 29-30, 47, 113; of human rights, 83; rape and, 41; slavery and,31-37 American Declaration of Indepen dence, 88, 102-103,106, 109, 116 American Revolution, 84, 116 Appiah, Anthony K., 89 Aquinas, Thomas St., 91 Arendt, Hannah, 111 Auschwitz, 17 autonomous body: dignity and, 116; rape and, 22, 69, 110; slavery and, 1-2; social contract and, 73; sovereignty and, 101-102 autonomous subject: ambiguity and, 80-82, 115; lived body and, 111; rape and, 45; sexual selfdetermination, 72-75; sexual self-determination and, 78-80; slavery and, 2-4, 34; vulnerable body and,30 autonomy: fantasy of, 74-79; ideals of, 102; social contract and, 71; trauma and, 107; vulnerable body and, 41, 80-82,85-89 B Bakare-Yusuf, Bibi, 33, 35 Ballesteros, Jesus, 89 barbarism, 103-105. See also horrorism Bassiouni, Cherif, 25, 106 Baudrillard, 4, 60-66 Beauvoir, Simone de, 8, 55, 112 Beijing Declaration, 10 biopolitics, 43-44, 50 biopower, 50 body: autonomous body, 22, 69, 73, 101-102, 110, 116; "I can” body, 3, 31-35, 37, 40-41,47; lived body, 3-4, 29-32, 37, 47, 61, 63, 69, 111; sensate body, 3, 31, 35, 40-41, 47; sensual body, 3, 31, 41-42, 47-48; vulnerable body, 1-5, 6-26, 29-48, 67-82, 99-119 Bosnia-Herzegovina, 3, 10-15, 96 Bosnian-Muslim, 3, 12, 14, 58 Bosnian-Serb rape campaign, 4, 26-28, 56, 67, 75 Bosnian-Serb soldiers, 1, 6-7, 27, 63, 66, 73, 77, 82 Bouandel, Youcef, 90 Bourke, Joanna, 22, 59, 68-69 “boys being boys” behavior, 7, 64, 67 Brana
plan, 12-13 Bringa, Tone, 58-59 Brown, Wendy, 42, 45 Brownmiller, Susan, 60 Buergenthal, Thomas, 106 Burgess-Jackson, Keith, 71 Butler, Judith, 5, 44, 57, 102-103,107 C Card, Claudia, 19, 28 Cavarero, Adriana, 105, 107-108 Cigar, Norman, 80 Civilization and its Discontents, 74-76 Clausewitz, Carl von, 92-93 “CNN effect,” 65
128 Index Coetzee, J. M., 46, 47, 48 Cold War, 15-16 “collateral damage,” 1, 7, 22, 64, 67 “comfort women,” 26, 27 concentration/death camps, 17, 105 confession, 32, 36-41, 44-45 conscience, and horror, 103-110 consent, 2, 4, 16, 70-77, 82, 87-88 Coomaraswamy, Radhika, 10, 84 crime against humanity, 2-7, 15-29, 63, 69, 82, 95, 119 Croatia, 12 D Darfur, 28 death camps, 17, 105 death of God, 96 Debord, Guy, 65-66 Decade for Women, 9 Declaration of Independence, 88, 102-103, 106, 109, 116 Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women (DEVAW), 10 degenerate war, 92-93 Del Ponte, Carla, 7 Derrida, Jacques, 91, 94 Desai, Manisha, 87, 97 Descartes, Renee, 88 dialogue and humanism, 5, 112-117 dignity: affirming, 67-82; assault ing, 29-48; autonomous body and, 116; concept of, 118-119; human rights and, 47-48; integrity and, 68-69; rape and, 19, 22-28; respect and, 105-119; transforming mean ing of, 22-28; violating, 52-53, 59, 84-101; of vulnerable body, 1-5, 9-10, 29-48. See also human dignity Discipline and Punish, 49-50 domestic rape, 42, 50-51, 70-71. See also rape Donnelly, Jack, 85-86, 89 Douzinas, Costas, 5, 36, 96-100, 104-105 Du Toit, Louise, 42-43 E Elshtain, Jean-Bethke, 94 Emile, 74 Enlightenment, 88-90, 103, 112, 117 erotic happiness, 116-117 erotic passion, 31 ethnic cleansing: genocide and, 18-22, 25, 49-50, 55-56; rape and, 3, 7, 10-29, 43, 55-61; strategy of, 16-29, 43; war and, 3, 7,10-15 Evans, Tony, 85 F Fanon, Franz, 44 Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), 87 Final Solution, 17, 84, 108 floating signifier, 5, 97-100 Foca, 3, 13-15, 20-22 Foucault,
Michel, 4, 36, 49-50, 64, 84, 119 Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing, 10 French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, 103 French Revolution, 84, 109, 116 Freud, Sigmund, 4, 61, 74-77 G genealogies of human rights, 88-95 Geneva Conventions, 24-27, 67, 83 genocidal rape: nature of, 27; politics of, 3-5, 11; as spectacle, 48-66; tactics of, 13-17, 41-44, 76, 81-83, 95; torture and, 32, 82; trauma and, 108. See also rape genocide: ethnic cleansing and, 18-22, 25, 49-50, 55-56; politics of, 1-5, 24, 29; rape campaigns and, 52-54; as spectacle, 48-66; tactics of, 13-17, 41-44, 81-83, 92; violence of, 101, 105-107, 115, 118 Gilbert, Paul, 38 Gilroy, Paul, 34, 43, 79 God, death of, 96 Goodin, Robert, 73 Gordon, Robert, 97 Gutman, Roy, 14 H happiness: concept of, 118-119; desire for, 94; erotic happiness, 116-117; right to, 5, 102, 112, 115-119 Hegel, G. W. F., 32-34 Hirschmann, Nancy, 4, 72 Hobbes, Thomas, 74 Holocaust, 55, 86, 106-108 horror, and conscience, 103-110
Index horrorism, 5, 105-110 human dignity: autonomous body and, 116; integrity and, 68-69; rape and, 19, 22-28; respect and, 105-119; transforming meaning of, 22-28; violating, 52-53, 59, 84-101; of vulner able body, 1-3, 46, 77. See also dignity human right: to bear witness, 5, 23-26, 110-111, 115,119; to happiness, 5, 102, 115-119; to revolt, 5, 115-119; to sexual self-determination, 1-4, 7, 15-18, 27, 67-70, 73, 79-83, 101, 104, 109, 117-119 human rights: conscience and, 103-110; dignity and, 47-48; floating signifier, 97-100; gene alogies of, 88-95; international law and, 83-84; lingua franca of, 4, 83-101, 112; rape and, 29-32; representing, 83-100; trauma and, 107-109; violating, 1-11, 16-22, 56; vulnerability and, 69, 102 humanism, new, 5, 111-118 humanitarian law, 7, 16-18 humanity, crime against, 2-7, 15-29, 63, 69, 82, 95, 119 humiliation, 4,10, 21, 32, 38-42, 52, 74, 78, 105 Hutu, 28, 49-50, 53-56, 65-66, 92 I Ignatieff, Michael, 86-87, 89, 90, 103-105, 108 image: ethics of, 64-66; as mask, 62; as reflection, 61-62; as simula crum, 62-63; stages of, 60-66 incest taboo, 4, 50, 55-59 Interahamwe, 53 International Criminal Court (ICC), 18, 103, 106 International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), 6-8, 89, 91, 100 International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), 1-18, 22-29, 66-67, 72-77, 80-83,88-91,95,100-102, 109,117 international law, 3,16-22, 68, 77, 83-84 129 International Tribunal on Crimes Against Women, 8 Irigaray, Luce, 5, 93-95 J Janjawid, 28 jouissance, 5, 80, 108-110, 117-118 just war genealogy, 88-92 just war tradition, 5, 73,
90-95, 102 Justine, 55 K Karadzic, Radovan, 11 Kerr, Rachel, 15-16 Kovac, Radomir, 6, 14-15, 23 Kristeva, Julia, 4-5, 76, 80, 116-119 Kunarac, Dragoljub, 2-9, 13-16, 23 Kunarac case, 2-9, 13-16, 23-29, 37,47, 77, 80, 83, 88, 95, 101, 109 L Lacan, Jacques, 4-5, 77-79, 82, 99, 105, 108-110, 116,118 Laqueur, Thomas, 90, 109-110 law: authority of, 5, 67, 95-97; inter national law, 3, 16-22, 68, 77, 83-84 Law of the Father, 78 Lemkin, Raphel, 18 liberal social contract, 70-74, 80 lingua franca of human rights, 4, 83-101, 112 Locke, John, 74 “logic of the Many,” 93-96 Lynd, Helen Merrell, 38 M MacKinnon, Catherine, 4, 10-11, 14, 16,59-60,96,106 “Many,” logic of, 93-95 May 1968 protests, 116-117, 119 “men of substance” principle, 67-68, 73, 81-82 Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, 5, 111-119 Mexico City Conference on Women, 8-9 Minangkabau, 44-45 Mitterand, Francois, 22 “mother’s love,” 78 Mumba, Florence, 23 Muslim culture, 12, 43, 50 Muslim women/girls, 1, 4,11-15, 24-28,43,49-51,58-62
130 Index N Nairobi UN Third World Conference on Women, 9 Nazis, 17-19, 105 new humanism, 5, 111-118 New York Times, 64 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 60-61 No Exit, 40 Nossiter, Adam, 64-65 Nuremberg, 16-18 O Okin, Susan, 73 On Photography, 65 On War, 92 “One,” logic of, 93-96 P Pajaczkowska, Claire, 38 Partizan, 13-14, 22 Pateman, Carole, 4, 71-72 Pavle, Patriarch, 13 Pfiffner, James, 36-37 phenomenology, 5, 30, 59, 102, 111, 117-119 postmodern concept, 90, 94, 99, 104, 106,116 public rape, 12-13, 50, 56, 61-64, See also rape public spectacles, 4, 11, 52, 60 R Ram plan, 12-13 rape: domestic rape, 12-13; ethnic cleansing and, 3, 7, 10-29, 43, 55-61; genocidal rape, 49-66; (non)seandal of, 4, 63-64; pub lic rape, 12-13, 50, 56, 61—64; scandal of, 4, 63-64; scripted rape, 3, 10-15; as spectacle, 4, 11-13, 48-66; torture and, 3, 6-8,14-18, 21-31, 37, 41-54, 64, 69, 84, 95, 110; transform ing meaning of, 22-28, 119; trivialization of, 6-7, 52; vulnerable body and, 41-48. See also war time rape Real, the, 5,105,108-110,117 Remembering Slavery, 34 Republika Srpska, 14 revolt, right to, 5, 115-119 Rhode, Deborah, 89, 97 right to bear witness, 5, 23-26, 110-111, 115, 119 right to happiness, 5,102,112, 115-119 right to revolt, 5, 115-119 right to sexual self-determination, 1-4, 7, 15-18, 27, 67-70, 73, 79-83, 101, 104,109, 117-119 Robinson, Fiona, 84-85 Rousseau, Jacques, 74 Rwanda, 4, 6, 28, 48-56, 59, 65, 92 S Sade, Marquis de, 4, 54-58 Salzman, Thomas, 13 Sanday, Peggy Reeves, 44-45 Sarajevo, 58, 65 Sartre, Jean-Paul, 38-40, 46, 102 Scarry, Elaine, 5, 31, 36, 93-95 scripted rape, 3,
10-15. See also rape sexual self-determination: human right to, 1-4, 7, 15-18, 27, 67-70, 73, 79-83,101, 104,109,117-119; social contract and, 71-74 sexual slavery, 1-4, 7, 23-24, 101 shame, 22-28, 38-41, 45-50, 58-60, 78-80, 107, 118 Shaw, Martin, 92-93 Silverman, Kaja, 57-58 simulacrum, 61-66 slavery: sexual slavery, 1-4, 7, 23-24, 101; torture and, 1-4, 11, 29-32, 35-43, 110; vulnerable body and,32-35 Smith, Roger, 106, 107 Smith, Tammy, 96 social contract, 70-74, 80, 88 Sontag, Susan, 4, 65-66 sovereignty, 17, 34, 50, 54-56, 85, 101-102,119 Sparer, Ed, 89 speech, violence of, 5, 114-115 spiritual happiness, 116 Srbinje, 14 T Tokyo, 16 torture: confession and, 32,36-41, 44-45; rape and, 3, 6-8, 14-18, 21-31,37,41-54, 64,69, 84, 95, 110; slavery and, 1-4,11, 29-32, 35-43, 110; vulnerable body and, 35-43, 46-49 Totem and Taboo, 74 trauma, 5, 51-52 , 74, 79,106-109 Tutsi, 49-50, 53-56, 59 “Two,” logic of, 93-95
Index 131 U W UN Commission on Human Rights, 19 UN Commission on the Status of Women, 23 UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), 9 United Nations Charter, 15, 105 United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimi nation, 21 United Nations conference on women, 8-10 United Nations Rome Statute, 103 United Nations Security Council, 6, 15 United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 103 Waiting for the Barbarians, 46 war crimes, 6, 16-18, 70, 91 war time rape: epidemic of, 100; ethnic cleansing and, 3, 7, 10-29, 43, 55-61; human rights and, 1; torture and, 3, 6-8, 14-18, 21-31, 37, 41-54, 64, 69, 95, 110; transforming meaning of, 22-28, 119; trivialization of, 6-7. See also rape Ward, Ivan, 38 White Plague, 13 Williams, Patricia, 4, 72 witness: right to bear, 5, 23-26, 110-111, 115, 119 women’s movement, 3, 8-10, 29 women’s rights, 5-10, 27, 71, 96, 119 World War II, 17, 26 Wretched of the Earth, The, 44 Wyschogrod, Edith, 106 V Vienna Conference on Human Rights, 10 “violence of speech,” 5, 114-115 Vukovic, Zoran, 6, 14-15, 23 vulnerability, 1-5, 50-51, 83, 86, 90-92,99-100 vulnerable body: dignity of, 29-48, 67-82; politics of, 101-119; rape and, 41-48; slavery and, 32-35; torture and, 35-43, 46-49; on trial, 6-28 Y Yugoslavia, 1, 4, 6, 16, 19, 24-29, 43, 47-60, 65, 101, 105 Z Zagreb, 10, 12 München |
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| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
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| edition | First issued in paperback |
| era | Geschichte 2001 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 2001 |
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| id | DE-604.BV049339779 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T22:46:45Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-20T04:53:51Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780415719513 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034600388 |
| oclc_num | 774885511 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-521 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-521 |
| physical | 131 Seiten |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20231102 |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publishDateSearch | 2013 |
| publishDateSort | 2013 |
| publisher | Routledge |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Routledge research in gender and society |
| series2 | Routledge research in gender and society |
| spelling | Bergoffen, Debra B. 1941- Verfasser (DE-588)140374086 aut Contesting the politics of genocidal rape affirming the dignity of the vulnerable body Debra B. Bergoffen First issued in paperback New York ; London Routledge 2013 131 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Routledge research in gender and society 29 "Rape, traditionally a spoil of war, became a weapon of war in the ethnic cleansing campaign in Bosnia. The ICTY Kunarac court responded by transforming wartime rape from an ignored crime into a crime against humanity. In its judgment, the court argued that the rapists violated the Muslim women’s right to sexual self-determination. Announcing this right to sexual integrity, the court transformed women’s vulnerability from an invitation to abuse into a mark of human dignity. This close reading of the trial, guided by the phenomenological themes of the lived body and ambiguity, feminist critiques of the autonomous subject and the liberal sexual/social contract, critical legal theory assessments of human rights law and institutions, and psychoanalytic analyses of the politics of desire, argues that the court, by validating women’s epistemic authority (their right to establish the meaning of their experience of rape) and affirming the dignity of the vulnerable body (thereby dethroning the autonomous body as the embodiment of dignity), shows us that human rights instruments can be used to combat the epidemic of wartime rape if they are read as de-legitimating the authority of the masculine autonomous subject and the gender codes it anchors." Internationaler Strafgerichtshof für das Ehemalige Jugoslawien (DE-588)4383997-6 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 2001 gnd rswk-swf Bosnienkrieg (DE-588)4345999-7 gnd rswk-swf Prozess (DE-588)4047577-3 gnd rswk-swf Kriegsverbrechen (DE-588)4033151-9 gnd rswk-swf Vergewaltigung (DE-588)4042696-8 gnd rswk-swf Rape / Bosnia and Herzegovina Yugoslav War, 1991-1995 / Atrocities Rape victims / Bosnia and Herzegovina Sex crimes / Bosnia and Herzegovina Internationaler Strafgerichtshof für das Ehemalige Jugoslawien (DE-588)4383997-6 b Prozess (DE-588)4047577-3 s Vergewaltigung (DE-588)4042696-8 s Kriegsverbrechen (DE-588)4033151-9 s Bosnienkrieg (DE-588)4345999-7 s Geschichte 2001 z DE-604 Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe, Hardcover 2012 978-0-415-89127-1 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-0-203-34013-4 Routledge research in gender and society 29 (DE-604)BV011960451 29 B:DE-576;DE-21 application/pdf https://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz393897206inh.htm 20131031103416 Verlag Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034600388&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034600388&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Bergoffen, Debra B. 1941- Contesting the politics of genocidal rape affirming the dignity of the vulnerable body Routledge research in gender and society Internationaler Strafgerichtshof für das Ehemalige Jugoslawien (DE-588)4383997-6 gnd Bosnienkrieg (DE-588)4345999-7 gnd Prozess (DE-588)4047577-3 gnd Kriegsverbrechen (DE-588)4033151-9 gnd Vergewaltigung (DE-588)4042696-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4383997-6 (DE-588)4345999-7 (DE-588)4047577-3 (DE-588)4033151-9 (DE-588)4042696-8 |
| title | Contesting the politics of genocidal rape affirming the dignity of the vulnerable body |
| title_auth | Contesting the politics of genocidal rape affirming the dignity of the vulnerable body |
| title_exact_search | Contesting the politics of genocidal rape affirming the dignity of the vulnerable body |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Contesting the politics of genocidal rape affirming the dignity of the vulnerable body |
| title_full | Contesting the politics of genocidal rape affirming the dignity of the vulnerable body Debra B. Bergoffen |
| title_fullStr | Contesting the politics of genocidal rape affirming the dignity of the vulnerable body Debra B. Bergoffen |
| title_full_unstemmed | Contesting the politics of genocidal rape affirming the dignity of the vulnerable body Debra B. Bergoffen |
| title_short | Contesting the politics of genocidal rape |
| title_sort | contesting the politics of genocidal rape affirming the dignity of the vulnerable body |
| title_sub | affirming the dignity of the vulnerable body |
| topic | Internationaler Strafgerichtshof für das Ehemalige Jugoslawien (DE-588)4383997-6 gnd Bosnienkrieg (DE-588)4345999-7 gnd Prozess (DE-588)4047577-3 gnd Kriegsverbrechen (DE-588)4033151-9 gnd Vergewaltigung (DE-588)4042696-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Internationaler Strafgerichtshof für das Ehemalige Jugoslawien Bosnienkrieg Prozess Kriegsverbrechen Vergewaltigung |
| url | https://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz393897206inh.htm http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034600388&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034600388&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV011960451 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bergoffendebrab contestingthepoliticsofgenocidalrapeaffirmingthedignityofthevulnerablebody |