A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones:
As instruments for encouraging economic development, export processing zones have only limited usefulness. A better policy choice is general liberalization of a country's economy. - Traditional export processing zones are fenced-in industrial estates specializing in manufacturing for exports. M...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington, D.C
The World Bank
1999
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | BSB01 EUV01 HTW01 FHI01 IOS01 Volltext |
| Zusammenfassung: | As instruments for encouraging economic development, export processing zones have only limited usefulness. A better policy choice is general liberalization of a country's economy. - Traditional export processing zones are fenced-in industrial estates specializing in manufacturing for exports. Modern ones have more flexible rules, such as permitting more liberal domestic sales. They provide a free-trade and liberal regulatory environment for the firms involved. Their primary goals: to provide foreign exchange earnings by promoting nontraditional exports, to provide jobs and create income, and to attract foreign direct investment and attendant technology transfer and knowledge spillover. Domestic, international, or joint venture firms operating in export processing zones typically benefit from reduced red tape, flexible labor laws, generous long-term tax holidays and concessions, above-average communications services and infrastructure (and often subsidized utilities and rental rates), and unlimited duty-free imports of raw and intermediate inputs and capital goods needed for production. In this review of experience, Madani concludes that export processing zones have limited applications; the better policy choice is to liberalize a country's entire economy. Under certain conditions - including appropriate setup and good management - export processing zones can play a dynamic role in a country's development, but only as a transitional step in an integrated movement toward general liberalization of the economy (with revisions as national economic conditions change). The World Bank, writes Madani, should be cautious about supporting export processing zone projects, doing so only on a case-by-case basis, only with expert guidance, and only as part of a general reform package. It should not support isolated export processing zone projects in unreformed or postreform economies (in the last case they might encourage backsliding on trade policy). In general, if a policy is good for the economy as a whole, it is likely to be good for an export processing zone. Sound policy will encourage: · Sound, stable monetary and fiscal policies, clear private property and investment laws, and a business-friendly economic environment. · Moderate, simplified (but not overfriendly) corporate tax schedules, and generally liberal tariffs and other trade taxes. · Private development and management of export processing zones and their infrastructure and unsubsidized utilities. · Labor laws that are business-friendly but do not abuse workers' safety and labor rights. |
| Beschreibung: | 1 Online-Ressource (114 Seiten)) |
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| 520 | 3 | |a As instruments for encouraging economic development, export processing zones have only limited usefulness. A better policy choice is general liberalization of a country's economy. - Traditional export processing zones are fenced-in industrial estates specializing in manufacturing for exports. Modern ones have more flexible rules, such as permitting more liberal domestic sales. They provide a free-trade and liberal regulatory environment for the firms involved. Their primary goals: to provide foreign exchange earnings by promoting nontraditional exports, to provide jobs and create income, and to attract foreign direct investment and attendant technology transfer and knowledge spillover. | |
| 520 | 3 | |a Domestic, international, or joint venture firms operating in export processing zones typically benefit from reduced red tape, flexible labor laws, generous long-term tax holidays and concessions, above-average communications services and infrastructure (and often subsidized utilities and rental rates), and unlimited duty-free imports of raw and intermediate inputs and capital goods needed for production. In this review of experience, Madani concludes that export processing zones have limited applications; the better policy choice is to liberalize a country's entire economy. Under certain conditions - including appropriate setup and good management - export processing zones can play a dynamic role in a country's development, but only as a transitional step in an integrated movement toward general liberalization of the economy (with revisions as national economic conditions change). | |
| 520 | 3 | |a The World Bank, writes Madani, should be cautious about supporting export processing zone projects, doing so only on a case-by-case basis, only with expert guidance, and only as part of a general reform package. It should not support isolated export processing zone projects in unreformed or postreform economies (in the last case they might encourage backsliding on trade policy). In general, if a policy is good for the economy as a whole, it is likely to be good for an export processing zone. Sound policy will encourage: · Sound, stable monetary and fiscal policies, clear private property and investment laws, and a business-friendly economic environment. · Moderate, simplified (but not overfriendly) corporate tax schedules, and generally liberal tariffs and other trade taxes. · Private development and management of export processing zones and their infrastructure and unsubsidized utilities. · Labor laws that are business-friendly but do not abuse workers' safety and labor rights. | |
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| spelling | Madani, Dorsati Verfasser aut A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones Madani, Dorsati Washington, D.C The World Bank 1999 1 Online-Ressource (114 Seiten)) txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier As instruments for encouraging economic development, export processing zones have only limited usefulness. A better policy choice is general liberalization of a country's economy. - Traditional export processing zones are fenced-in industrial estates specializing in manufacturing for exports. Modern ones have more flexible rules, such as permitting more liberal domestic sales. They provide a free-trade and liberal regulatory environment for the firms involved. Their primary goals: to provide foreign exchange earnings by promoting nontraditional exports, to provide jobs and create income, and to attract foreign direct investment and attendant technology transfer and knowledge spillover. Domestic, international, or joint venture firms operating in export processing zones typically benefit from reduced red tape, flexible labor laws, generous long-term tax holidays and concessions, above-average communications services and infrastructure (and often subsidized utilities and rental rates), and unlimited duty-free imports of raw and intermediate inputs and capital goods needed for production. In this review of experience, Madani concludes that export processing zones have limited applications; the better policy choice is to liberalize a country's entire economy. Under certain conditions - including appropriate setup and good management - export processing zones can play a dynamic role in a country's development, but only as a transitional step in an integrated movement toward general liberalization of the economy (with revisions as national economic conditions change). The World Bank, writes Madani, should be cautious about supporting export processing zone projects, doing so only on a case-by-case basis, only with expert guidance, and only as part of a general reform package. It should not support isolated export processing zone projects in unreformed or postreform economies (in the last case they might encourage backsliding on trade policy). In general, if a policy is good for the economy as a whole, it is likely to be good for an export processing zone. Sound policy will encourage: · Sound, stable monetary and fiscal policies, clear private property and investment laws, and a business-friendly economic environment. · Moderate, simplified (but not overfriendly) corporate tax schedules, and generally liberal tariffs and other trade taxes. · Private development and management of export processing zones and their infrastructure and unsubsidized utilities. · Labor laws that are business-friendly but do not abuse workers' safety and labor rights. Online-Ausg Banks and Banking Reform Capital Goods Debt Markets Economic Theory and Research Emerging Markets Environment Environmental Environmental Economics and Policies Environmental Issues Finance and Financial Sector Development Financial Literacy Imports Incentives Income International Economics & Trade Investment Investments Knowledge Labor Labor Markets Labor Policies Macroeconomics and Economic Growth Markets Policy Instruments Private Sector Development Production Public Sector Development Revenue Social Protections and Labor Subsidies Technology Trade Trade Policy Unemployment Wages Madani, Dorsati Sonstige oth Madani, Dorsati A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones http://elibrary.worldbank.org/content/workingpaper/10.1596/1813-9450-2238 Verlag URL des Erstveröffentlichers Volltext |
| spellingShingle | Madani, Dorsati A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones Banks and Banking Reform Capital Goods Debt Markets Economic Theory and Research Emerging Markets Environment Environmental Environmental Economics and Policies Environmental Issues Finance and Financial Sector Development Financial Literacy Imports Incentives Income International Economics & Trade Investment Investments Knowledge Labor Labor Markets Labor Policies Macroeconomics and Economic Growth Markets Policy Instruments Private Sector Development Production Public Sector Development Revenue Social Protections and Labor Subsidies Technology Trade Trade Policy Unemployment Wages |
| title | A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones |
| title_auth | A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones |
| title_exact_search | A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones |
| title_exact_search_txtP | A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones |
| title_full | A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones Madani, Dorsati |
| title_fullStr | A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones Madani, Dorsati |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones Madani, Dorsati |
| title_short | A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones |
| title_sort | a review of the role and impact of export processing zones |
| topic | Banks and Banking Reform Capital Goods Debt Markets Economic Theory and Research Emerging Markets Environment Environmental Environmental Economics and Policies Environmental Issues Finance and Financial Sector Development Financial Literacy Imports Incentives Income International Economics & Trade Investment Investments Knowledge Labor Labor Markets Labor Policies Macroeconomics and Economic Growth Markets Policy Instruments Private Sector Development Production Public Sector Development Revenue Social Protections and Labor Subsidies Technology Trade Trade Policy Unemployment Wages |
| topic_facet | Banks and Banking Reform Capital Goods Debt Markets Economic Theory and Research Emerging Markets Environment Environmental Environmental Economics and Policies Environmental Issues Finance and Financial Sector Development Financial Literacy Imports Incentives Income International Economics & Trade Investment Investments Knowledge Labor Labor Markets Labor Policies Macroeconomics and Economic Growth Markets Policy Instruments Private Sector Development Production Public Sector Development Revenue Social Protections and Labor Subsidies Technology Trade Trade Policy Unemployment Wages |
| url | http://elibrary.worldbank.org/content/workingpaper/10.1596/1813-9450-2238 |
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