Chance, calculation and life:
"Chance, Calculation and Life brings together 16 original papers from the colloquium of the same name, organized by the International Cultural Center of Cerisy in 2019. From mathematics to the humanities and biology, there are many concepts and questions related to chance. What are the differen...
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2021
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Zusammenfassung: | "Chance, Calculation and Life brings together 16 original papers from the colloquium of the same name, organized by the International Cultural Center of Cerisy in 2019. From mathematics to the humanities and biology, there are many concepts and questions related to chance. What are the different types of chance? Does chance correspond to a lack of knowledge about the causes of events, or is there a truly intrinsic and irreducible chance? Does chance preside over our decisions? Does it govern evolution? Is it at the origin of life? What part do chance and necessity play in biology? This book answers these fundamental questions by bringing together the clear and richly documented contributions of mathematicians, physicists, biologists and philosophers who make this book an incomparable tool for work and reflection. |
Beschreibung: | xix, 267 Seiten Illustrationen 24,2 cm |
ISBN: | 9781786306678 |
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adam_text | Contents Preface........................................................................................................ Thierry Gaudin, Marie-Christine Maurel, Jean-Charles Pomerol xi Introduction................................................................................................ Thierry Gaudin, Marie-Christine Maurel, Jean-Charles Pomerol xv Part 1. Randomness in all of its Aspects.............................................. 1 Chapter 1. Classical, Quantum and Biological Randomness as Relative Unpredictability.......................................................................... Cristian S. Calude and Giuseppe LONGO 3 1.1. Introduction............................................................................................ 1.1.1. Brief historical overview............................................................... 1.1.2. Preliminary remarks....................................................................... 1.2. Randomness in classical dynamics....................................................... 1.3. Quantum randomness............................................................................ 1.4. Randomness in biology.......................................................................... 1.5. Random sequences: a theory invariant approach.................................. 1.6. Classical and quantum randomness revisited........................................ 1.6.1. Classical versus algorithmic randomness........................................ 1.6.2. Quantum versus algorithmic randomness........................................ 1.7.
Conclusion and opening: toward a proper biological randomness. ... 1.8. Acknowledgments.................................................................................. 1.9. References............................................................................................ 3 4 5 6 8 15 21 24 24 26 27 30 30
vi Chance, Calculation and Life Chapter 2. In The Name of Chance......................................................... 37 Gilles Pagès 2.1. The birth of probabilities and games of chance...................................... 2.1.1. Solutions........................................................................................... 2.1.2. To what end?................................................................................... 2.2. A very brief history of probabilities...................................................... 2.3. Chance? What chance?........................................................................... 2.4. Prospective possibility........................................................................... 2.4.1. LLN + CLT+ENIAC = MC........................................................... 2.4.2. Generating chance through numbers............................................. 2.4.3. Going back the other way................................................................ 2.4.4. Prospective possibility as master of the world?............................. 2.5. Appendix: Congruent generators, can prospective chance be periodic?........................................................................................ 2.5.1. A little modulo n arithmetic.............................................................. 2.5.2. From erratic arithmetic to algorithmic randomness........................ 2.5.3. And, the winner is... Mersenne Twister 623..................................... 2.6.
References............................................................................................. 37 38 40 41 42 45 45 46 48 50 Chapter 3. Chance in a Few Languages................................................. 63 53 53 56 60 61 Clarisse Herrenschmidt 3.1. Classical Sanskrit................................................................................... 3.2. Persian and Arabic................................................................................... 3.3. Ancient Greek........................................................................................ 3.4. Russian.................................................................................................. 3.5. Latin....................................................................................................... 3.6. French..................................................................................................... 3.7. English.................................................................................................. 3.8. Dice, chance and the symbolic world.................................................. 3.9. References............................................................................................. 64 65 66 67 67 69 71 72 77 Chapter 4. The Collective Determinism of Quantum Randomness.............................................................................................. 79 François Vannucci 4.1. True or false chance............................................................................... 4.2. Chance sneaks into
uncertainty............................................................. 4.3. The world of the infinitely small.......................................................... 4.4. A more figurative example..................................................................... 4.5. Einstein’s act of resistance..................................................................... 4.6. Schrodinger’s catto neutrino oscillations............................................. 79 81 82 84 86 87
Contents vii 4.7. Chance versus the anthropic principle.................................................. 4.8. And luck in life?.................................................................................... 4.9. Chance and freedom............................................................................. 90 92 94 Chapter 5. Wave-Particle Chaos to the Stability of Living.............. Stephane Douady 97 5.1. Introduction............................................................................................ 5.2. The chaos of the wave-particle............................................................. 5.3. The stability of living things.................................................................. 5.4. Conclusion............................................................................................ 5.5. Acknowledgments.................................................................................. 5.6. References............................................................................................ 97 97 104 107 108 108 Chapter 6. Chance in Cosmology: Random and Turbulent Creation of Multiple Cosmos.............................................................. Michel Cassé 109 6.1. Is quantum cosmology oxymoronic?..................................................... 6.2. Between two realities - at the entrance and exit ֊ is virtuality............. 6.3. Who will sing the metamorphoses of this high vacuum?..................... 6.4. Loop lament.......................................................................................... 6.5. The quantum
vacuum exists, Casimir has met it................................... 6.6. The generosity of the quantum vacuum................................................ 6.7. Landscapes............................................................................................ 6.8. The good works of Inflation.................................................................. 6.9. Sub species aeternitatis.......................................................................... 6.10. The smiling vacuum............................................................................ 109 120 120 121 122 122 126 128 129 130 Chapter 7. The Chance in Decision: When Neurons Flip a Coin............................................................................................. Mathias Pessiglione 133 7.1. A very subjective utility....................................................................... 7.2. A minimum rationality.......................................................................... 7.3. There is noise in the choices.................................................................. 7.4. On the volatility of parameters............................................................ 7.5. When the brain wears rose-tinted glasses............................................. 7.6. The neurons that take a vote.................................................................. 7.7. The will to move an index finger.......................................................... 7.8. Free will in debate.................................................................................. 133 134 135 137
138 140 142 143
viii Chance, Calculation and Life 7.9. The virtue of chance................................................................................ 7.10. References............................................................................................. 144 145 Chapter 8. To Have a Sense of Life: A Poetic Reconnaissance.......................................................................................... Georges Amar 147 8.1. References............................................................................................. 157 Chapter 9. Divine Chance.......................................................................... Bertrand Vergely 159 9.1. Thinking by chance................................................................................ 9.2. Chance, need: why choose?................................................................... 9.3. When chance is not chance................................................................... 9.4. When chance comes from elsewhere...................................................... 159 160 162 166 Chapter 10. Chance and the Creative Process.................................... Ivan Magrin-Chagnolleau 169 10.1. Introduction........................................................................................... 10.2. Chance.................................................................................................. 10.3. Creation................................................................................................ 10.4. Chance in the artistic creative process................................................
10.5. An art of the present moment............................................................. 10.6. Conclusion.......................................................................................... 10.7. References............................................................................................. 169 170 173 176 179 181 182 Part 2. Randomness, Biology and Evolution...................................... 185 Chapter 11. Epigenetics, DNA and Chromatin Dynamics: Where is the Chance and Where is the Necessity?............................ 187 David Sitbon and Jonathan B. Weitzman 11.1. Introduction.......................................................................................... 11.2. Random combinations.......................................................................... 11.3. Random alterations............................................................................. 11.4. Beyond the gene.................................................................................. 11.5. Epigenetic variation............................................................................. 11.6. Concluding remarks............................................................................. 187 187 188 189 190 192
Contents ix Π.7. Acknowledgments............................................................................... 11.8. References............................................................................................ 193 193 Chapter 12. When Acquired Characteristics Become Heritable: The Lesson of Genomes.......................................................................... Bernard Dujon 197 12.1. Introduction.......................................................................................... 12.2. Horizontal genetic exchange in prokaryotes........................................ 12.3. Two specificities of eukaryotes theoretically oppose horizontal gene transfer......................................................................................................... 12.4. Criteria for genomic analysis................................................................ 12.5. Abundance of horizontal transfers in unicellular eukaryotes............. 12.6. Remarkable horizontal genetic transfers in pluricellular eukaryotes. . 12.7. Main mechanisms of horizontal genetic transfers............................... 12.8. Introgressions and limits to the concept of species............................. 12.9. Conclusion.......................................................................................... 12.10. References.......................................................................................... 200 201 202 203 204 207 208 208 Chapter 13. The Evolutionary Trajectories of Organisms are Not
Stochastic........................................................................................... 213 197 199 Philippe Grandcolas 13.1. Evolution and stochasticity : a few metaphors..................................... 13.2. The Gouldian metaphor of the “replay” of evolution........................ 13.3. The replay of evolution: what happened............................................. 13.4. Evolutionary replay experiments....................................................... 13.5. Phylogenies versus experiments.......................................................... 13.6. Stochasticity, evolution and extinction............................................... 13.7. Conclusion.......................................................................................... 13.8. References............................................................................................ 213 214 215 217 218 219 219 220 Chapter 14. Evolution in the Face of Chance...................................... Amaury Lambert 221 14.1. Introduction......................................................................................... 14.2. Waddington and the concept of canalization..................................... 14.3. A stochastic model of Darwinian evolution....................................... 14.3.1. Redundancy and neutral networks............................................... 14.3.2. A toy model.................................................................................. 14.3.3. Mutation-selection algorithm....................................................... 14.4.
Numerical results.................................................................................. 221 224 228 228 229 231 231
x Chance, Calculation and Life 14.4.1. Canalization................................................................................... 14.4.2. Target selection.............................................................................. 14.4.3. Neighborhood selection................................................................. 14.5. Discussion.............................................................................................. 14.6. Acknowledgments................................................................................ 231 234 235 238 239 Chapter 15. Chance, Contingency and the Origins of Life: Some Historical Issues............................................................................. Antonio Lazcano 241 15.1. Acknowledgments................................................................................ 15.2. References.............................................................................................. 246 246 Chapter 16. Chance, Complexity and the Idea of a Universal Ethics........................................................................ Jean-Paul Delahaye 249 16.1. Cosmic evolution and advances in computation................................ 16.2. Two notions of complexity................................................................... 16.3. Biological computations..................................................................... 16.4. Energy and emergy............................................................................. 16.5. What we hold
onto................................................................................ 16.6. Noah knew this already!..................................................................... 16.7. Create, protect and collect.................................................................. 16.8. An ethics of organized complexity..................................................... 16.9. Not so easy.......................................................................................... 16.10. References.......................................................................................... 250 251 252 253 254 254 255 255 256 258 List of Authors........................................................................................... 261 Index 265
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adam_txt |
Contents Preface. Thierry Gaudin, Marie-Christine Maurel, Jean-Charles Pomerol xi Introduction. Thierry Gaudin, Marie-Christine Maurel, Jean-Charles Pomerol xv Part 1. Randomness in all of its Aspects. 1 Chapter 1. Classical, Quantum and Biological Randomness as Relative Unpredictability. Cristian S. Calude and Giuseppe LONGO 3 1.1. Introduction. 1.1.1. Brief historical overview. 1.1.2. Preliminary remarks. 1.2. Randomness in classical dynamics. 1.3. Quantum randomness. 1.4. Randomness in biology. 1.5. Random sequences: a theory invariant approach. 1.6. Classical and quantum randomness revisited. 1.6.1. Classical versus algorithmic randomness. 1.6.2. Quantum versus algorithmic randomness. 1.7.
Conclusion and opening: toward a proper biological randomness. . 1.8. Acknowledgments. 1.9. References. 3 4 5 6 8 15 21 24 24 26 27 30 30
vi Chance, Calculation and Life Chapter 2. In The Name of Chance. 37 Gilles Pagès 2.1. The birth of probabilities and games of chance. 2.1.1. Solutions. 2.1.2. To what end?. 2.2. A very brief history of probabilities. 2.3. Chance? What chance?. 2.4. Prospective possibility. 2.4.1. LLN + CLT+ENIAC = MC. 2.4.2. Generating chance through numbers. 2.4.3. Going back the other way. 2.4.4. Prospective possibility as master of the world?. 2.5. Appendix: Congruent generators, can prospective chance be periodic?. 2.5.1. A little modulo n arithmetic. 2.5.2. From erratic arithmetic to algorithmic randomness. 2.5.3. And, the winner is. Mersenne Twister 623. 2.6.
References. 37 38 40 41 42 45 45 46 48 50 Chapter 3. Chance in a Few Languages. 63 53 53 56 60 61 Clarisse Herrenschmidt 3.1. Classical Sanskrit. 3.2. Persian and Arabic. 3.3. Ancient Greek. 3.4. Russian. 3.5. Latin. 3.6. French. 3.7. English. 3.8. Dice, chance and the symbolic world. 3.9. References. 64 65 66 67 67 69 71 72 77 Chapter 4. The Collective Determinism of Quantum Randomness. 79 François Vannucci 4.1. True or false chance. 4.2. Chance sneaks into
uncertainty. 4.3. The world of the infinitely small. 4.4. A more figurative example. 4.5. Einstein’s act of resistance. 4.6. Schrodinger’s catto neutrino oscillations. 79 81 82 84 86 87
Contents vii 4.7. Chance versus the anthropic principle. 4.8. And luck in life?. 4.9. Chance and freedom. 90 92 94 Chapter 5. Wave-Particle Chaos to the Stability of Living. Stephane Douady 97 5.1. Introduction. 5.2. The chaos of the wave-particle. 5.3. The stability of living things. 5.4. Conclusion. 5.5. Acknowledgments. 5.6. References. 97 97 104 107 108 108 Chapter 6. Chance in Cosmology: Random and Turbulent Creation of Multiple Cosmos. Michel Cassé 109 6.1. Is quantum cosmology oxymoronic?. 6.2. Between two realities - at the entrance and exit ֊ is virtuality. 6.3. Who will sing the metamorphoses of this high vacuum?. 6.4. Loop lament. 6.5. The quantum
vacuum exists, Casimir has met it. 6.6. The generosity of the quantum vacuum. 6.7. Landscapes. 6.8. The good works of Inflation. 6.9. Sub species aeternitatis. 6.10. The smiling vacuum. 109 120 120 121 122 122 126 128 129 130 Chapter 7. The Chance in Decision: When Neurons Flip a Coin. Mathias Pessiglione 133 7.1. A very subjective utility. 7.2. A minimum rationality. 7.3. There is noise in the choices. 7.4. On the volatility of parameters. 7.5. When the brain wears rose-tinted glasses. 7.6. The neurons that take a vote. 7.7. The will to move an index finger. 7.8. Free will in debate. 133 134 135 137
138 140 142 143
viii Chance, Calculation and Life 7.9. The virtue of chance. 7.10. References. 144 145 Chapter 8. To Have a Sense of Life: A Poetic Reconnaissance. Georges Amar 147 8.1. References. 157 Chapter 9. Divine Chance. Bertrand Vergely 159 9.1. Thinking by chance. 9.2. Chance, need: why choose?. 9.3. When chance is not chance. 9.4. When chance comes from elsewhere. 159 160 162 166 Chapter 10. Chance and the Creative Process. Ivan Magrin-Chagnolleau 169 10.1. Introduction. 10.2. Chance. 10.3. Creation. 10.4. Chance in the artistic creative process.
10.5. An art of the present moment. 10.6. Conclusion. 10.7. References. 169 170 173 176 179 181 182 Part 2. Randomness, Biology and Evolution. 185 Chapter 11. Epigenetics, DNA and Chromatin Dynamics: Where is the Chance and Where is the Necessity?. 187 David Sitbon and Jonathan B. Weitzman 11.1. Introduction. 11.2. Random combinations. 11.3. Random alterations. 11.4. Beyond the gene. 11.5. Epigenetic variation. 11.6. Concluding remarks. 187 187 188 189 190 192
Contents ix Π.7. Acknowledgments. 11.8. References. 193 193 Chapter 12. When Acquired Characteristics Become Heritable: The Lesson of Genomes. Bernard Dujon 197 12.1. Introduction. 12.2. Horizontal genetic exchange in prokaryotes. 12.3. Two specificities of eukaryotes theoretically oppose horizontal gene transfer. 12.4. Criteria for genomic analysis. 12.5. Abundance of horizontal transfers in unicellular eukaryotes. 12.6. Remarkable horizontal genetic transfers in pluricellular eukaryotes. . 12.7. Main mechanisms of horizontal genetic transfers. 12.8. Introgressions and limits to the concept of species. 12.9. Conclusion. 12.10. References. 200 201 202 203 204 207 208 208 Chapter 13. The Evolutionary Trajectories of Organisms are Not
Stochastic. 213 197 199 Philippe Grandcolas 13.1. Evolution and stochasticity : a few metaphors. 13.2. The Gouldian metaphor of the “replay” of evolution. 13.3. The replay of evolution: what happened. 13.4. Evolutionary replay experiments. 13.5. Phylogenies versus experiments. 13.6. Stochasticity, evolution and extinction. 13.7. Conclusion. 13.8. References. 213 214 215 217 218 219 219 220 Chapter 14. Evolution in the Face of Chance. Amaury Lambert 221 14.1. Introduction. 14.2. Waddington and the concept of canalization. 14.3. A stochastic model of Darwinian evolution. 14.3.1. Redundancy and neutral networks. 14.3.2. A toy model. 14.3.3. Mutation-selection algorithm. 14.4.
Numerical results. 221 224 228 228 229 231 231
x Chance, Calculation and Life 14.4.1. Canalization. 14.4.2. Target selection. 14.4.3. Neighborhood selection. 14.5. Discussion. 14.6. Acknowledgments. 231 234 235 238 239 Chapter 15. Chance, Contingency and the Origins of Life: Some Historical Issues. Antonio Lazcano 241 15.1. Acknowledgments. 15.2. References. 246 246 Chapter 16. Chance, Complexity and the Idea of a Universal Ethics. Jean-Paul Delahaye 249 16.1. Cosmic evolution and advances in computation. 16.2. Two notions of complexity. 16.3. Biological computations. 16.4. Energy and emergy. 16.5. What we hold
onto. 16.6. Noah knew this already!. 16.7. Create, protect and collect. 16.8. An ethics of organized complexity. 16.9. Not so easy. 16.10. References. 250 251 252 253 254 254 255 255 256 258 List of Authors. 261 Index 265 |
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series2 | Information systems, web and pervasive computing series |
spelling | Chance, calculation and life edited by Thierry Gaudin, Marie-Christine Maurel, Jean-Charles Pomerol London ISTE Ltd 2021 xix, 267 Seiten Illustrationen 24,2 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Information systems, web and pervasive computing series "Chance, Calculation and Life brings together 16 original papers from the colloquium of the same name, organized by the International Cultural Center of Cerisy in 2019. From mathematics to the humanities and biology, there are many concepts and questions related to chance. What are the different types of chance? Does chance correspond to a lack of knowledge about the causes of events, or is there a truly intrinsic and irreducible chance? Does chance preside over our decisions? Does it govern evolution? Is it at the origin of life? What part do chance and necessity play in biology? This book answers these fundamental questions by bringing together the clear and richly documented contributions of mathematicians, physicists, biologists and philosophers who make this book an incomparable tool for work and reflection. Zufall (DE-588)4068050-2 gnd rswk-swf Chance / Congresses Hasard / Congrès Chance Conference papers and proceedings (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift 2019 Cerisy-la-Salle gnd-content Zufall (DE-588)4068050-2 s DE-604 Gaudin, Thierry 1940- (DE-588)1297145178 edt Maurel, Marie-Christine 1948- (DE-588)173428193 edt Pomerol, Jean-Charles (DE-588)170422526 edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 9781119823971 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 9781119823964 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034324691&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Chance, calculation and life Zufall (DE-588)4068050-2 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4068050-2 (DE-588)1071861417 |
title | Chance, calculation and life |
title_auth | Chance, calculation and life |
title_exact_search | Chance, calculation and life |
title_exact_search_txtP | Chance, calculation and life |
title_full | Chance, calculation and life edited by Thierry Gaudin, Marie-Christine Maurel, Jean-Charles Pomerol |
title_fullStr | Chance, calculation and life edited by Thierry Gaudin, Marie-Christine Maurel, Jean-Charles Pomerol |
title_full_unstemmed | Chance, calculation and life edited by Thierry Gaudin, Marie-Christine Maurel, Jean-Charles Pomerol |
title_short | Chance, calculation and life |
title_sort | chance calculation and life |
topic | Zufall (DE-588)4068050-2 gnd |
topic_facet | Zufall Konferenzschrift 2019 Cerisy-la-Salle |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034324691&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT gaudinthierry chancecalculationandlife AT maurelmariechristine chancecalculationandlife AT pomeroljeancharles chancecalculationandlife |