Microeconomic principles and problems: a pluralist introduction
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY
Routledge
2024
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Ausgabe: | Second edition |
Schriftenreihe: | Routledge pluralist introductions to economics
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Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | xxv, 679 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
ISBN: | 9781032436913 9781032436920 |
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Contents List of figures Preface Acknowledgments PARTI Economics: A pluralist definition 1 What 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 is economics? The answer depends on who you ask Chapter 1 learning goals Why economics matters: Economic policy How does the economy affect your life? Why take a pluralist approach to the study of economics? Economic methodology: Howto “do” economics Methodology in microeconomics: Amazon.com and consumer behavior The scientific method in economics: How scientific can economics be? 14 Macroeconomic crises, and their influence on microeconomics The rich social science of economics Conclusion 2 Scarcity, choice, and opportunity cost: The mainstream PPC model, its limits, and the importance of institutions 2.0 Chapter 2 learning goals 2.1 Scarcity, choice, and opportunity cost 2.2 The production possibilities curve: A simple, mainstream model 25 xvi xxiii xxvi 1 3 4 4 7 9 10 12 15 16 20 22 22 23
viii CONTENTS 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 The specialization of resources Shifts in the production possibilities curve Capital goods, consumer goods, and economic growth A political economy critique of scarcity and choice in mainstream economics 35 Institutional analysis: A political economy approach to the study of resource allocation 38 Conclusion 28 31 32 39 PART II The evolution of economic ideas and systems 3 The evolution of pre-capitalist economic systems: From communal societies to empires, feudalism, ■ and mercantilism 3.0 Chapter 3 learning goals 3.1 Traditional economies: Ancient hunter-gatherer societies 3.2 Agriculture and the establishment of cities, social classes, and slave-based empires 3.3 The economic system of the Roman Empire 3.4 Feudalism and the manor economy in Western Europe 3.5 The forces behind the decline of feudalism and the rise of markets 3.6 Mercantilism and the uneasy beginnings of capitalism 3.7 Conclusion 4 Adam Smith and the rise of capitalism: The era of laissez-faire 4.0 Chapter 4 learning goals 4.1 The Industrial Revolution and capitalism in England 4.2 Adam Smith, laissez-faire capitalism, and Smith’s critique of mercantilism 4.3 Smith’s idealized picture of a capitalist system 4.4 From supporting the poor to laissez-faire capitalism 4.5 The rise of the factory and the double movement 4.6 Conclusion 5 Karl Marx and the dark ages of capitalism: Historical materialism, surplus value, and the exploitation of labor 5.0 Chapter 5 learning goals 5.1 Infant industry protection and the spread of capitalism in Europe and the United States 5.2 The
conditions of workers under capitalism in the 1800s 43 45 46 47 50 54 57 60 65 67 69 70 70 73 74 79 84 85 88 89 89 90
CONTENTS 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 Karl Marx, historical materialism, and class conflict Surplus value and the exploitation of labor Marx on competition, globalization, concentration, and commodification 99 Crisis and revolution Conclusion 6 Thorstein Veblen and monopoly capitalism: The rise of manufacturing and the fall of laissez-faire 6.0 Chapter 6 learning goals 6.1 The development of monopoly capitalism in the United States 6.2 Race, ethnicity, class, and gender in the United States 6.3 The Age of Imperialism 6.4 The rise of neoclassical economics 6.5 Veblen on evolution and institutions 6.6 Veblen on culture, pecuniary emulation, and conspicuous consumption 6.7 Making money vs. making goods 6.8 The manufacturing boom and the roaring twenties 6.9 The Great Depression and the fall of laissez-faire 6.10 Conclusion 92 96 104 106 108 109 109 112 113 114 117 118 121 124 126 128 7 Keynes and mixed market capitalism: How to save capitalism from itself 131 7.0 Chapter 7 learning goals 132 7.1 Neoclassical economics and the ideology of laissez-faire 133 7.2 The macroeconomic revolution of John Maynard Keynes 135 7.3 Macroeconomic stabilization policy 140 7.4 The New Deal and the rise of the mixed economy 142 7.5 Hayek’s critique of government intervention 147 7.6 The mixed economy and the golden age of U.S. capitalism, 1945-1973 151 7.7 The era of neoliberalism and globalization, 1974-2020 152 7.8 Conclusion: The mixed economy of the United States and other developed economies 155 8 Modern economic systems: Market-dominated, social market, and state-dominated economies 8.0 Chapter 8
learning goals 8.1 Comparing market-dominated economies and social market economies 8.2 The U.S. model of a market-dominated economy 8.3 The Nordic model of a social market economy 158 159 159 163 166 IX
X CONTENTS 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 Other varieties of social market economies Socialism and communism The Chinese state-dominated economy Conclusion 170 173 175 178 PART III Markets, supply, and demand 181 9 Markets and how they work: The institutional foundations of markets, and the supply and demand model 183 9.0 Chapter 9 learning goals 185 9.1 Markets, market transactions, and non-market exchange 185 9.2 The institutions that make markets work 187 9.3 The assumptions of the supply and demand model of mainstream economics 192 9.4 Overview of the supply and demand model and equilibrium 195 9.5 The theory of demand 198 9.6 The determinants of demand that cause shifts in the demand curve 200 9.7 The theory of supply 206 9.8 The determinants of supply 210 9.9 Conclusion 213 10 Applications of supply and demand: Wages, advertising, price floors and ceilings, excise taxes and subsidies, consumer and producer surplus, and elasticity 10 .0 Chapter 10 learning goals 10.1 Double shifts: The impact of changes in wages and advertising 10.2 Price ceilings and price floors 10.3 Per-unit subsidies and excise taxes 10.4 Consumer and producer surplus and deadweight loss 10.5 The price elasticity of demand 10.6 The determinants of the price elasticity of demand 10.7 Income elasticity and cross-price elasticityof demand 10.8 Price elasticity of supply 10.9 Conclusion 11 Consumer and supplier behavior: The complexities of market analysis 11 .0 Chapter 11 learning goals 11 .1 Veblen goods and pecuniary emulation 217 218 218 224 228 231 233 239 242 244 247 251 252 252
CONTENTS 11.2 Household, community, and culture 11.3 Non-rational choices 11.4 The mainstream model of supply decisions: Deriving the supply curve 11.5 Political economists and behavioral economists on supply decisions 11.6 Conclusion PART IV Market structures and corporations 12 Different types of market structures: How market outcomes are affected by market structures 277 12.0 Chapter 12 learning goals 12.1 Perfect competition 12.2 Normal profit, economic profit, andeconomic loss 12.3 Monopolistic competition 12.4 Oligopoly 12.5 Monopoly 12.6 Comparing market structures 12.7 Market concentration and industry market shares 12.8 Conclusion 254 257 259 265 272 275 278 278 281 282 285 288 292 296 301 13 Theories of firm behavior: Short-run and long-run costs of production 305 13.0 Chapter 13 learning goals 306 13.1 The mainstream model of short-run costs of production 306 13.2 A specific example of a firm’s hypothetical short-run costs 313 13.3 The mainstream model of profit maximization 317 13.4 The mainstream model of a firm’s long-run costs of production 320 13.5 Political economy theory of the firm 324 13.6 Conclusion 331 14 Perfect competition and competitive markets: The perfect, Smithian market structure 336 14.0 Chapter 14 learning goals 337 14.1 The characteristics of a perfectly competitive market 337 14.2 The mainstream model of the perfectly competitive firm in the short run 339 14.3 The mainstream model of the perfectly competitive firm in the long run 348 14.4 An application of supply, demand, and perfect competition 353 XÎ
xii CONTENTS 14.5 14.6 Perfect competition, public policy, and the political economy view Conclusion 15 Monopoly and monopoly power: Natural and non-natural monopolies and how the government regulates them 15.0 Chapter 15 learning goals 15.1 Monopoly characteristics 15.2 Demand and marginal revenue curves for a monopoly 15.3 Profit maximization in a monopoly in the short run 15.4 Regulating natural monopolies in the long run 15.5 The debate over monopolies: Rivalrous competition vs. monopoly capital 15.6 Conclusion 16 Monopolistic competition: The market for local services and other easy-to-enter industries with unique products 16.0 Chapter 16 learning goals 16.1 The characteristics of a monopolistically competitive market 16.2 Short-run profit maximization in monopolistic competition 16.3 Monopolistic competition in the long run 16.4 Strategic focus in the political economy approach 16.5 Conclusion 17 Oligopoly and strategic behavior: The nature of large firm competition and an introduction to game theory 17.0 Chapter 17 learning goals 17.1 The major characteristics of an oligopolistic industry 17.2 The kinked demand curve model of an oligopolistic industry 17.3 Tacit, illegal, and formal collusion 17.4 Game theory and the Prisoner’s Dilemma 17.5 Conclusion 18 Corporations and their role in society: The good and bad side of limited liability corporations 18.0 Chapter 18 learning goals 18.1 The three types of firms: Sole proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations 18.2 Key aspects of the modern limited liability corporation 18.3 If corporations are people, what kind of
people are they? 355 357 362 363 364 365 368 370 378 382 386 387 388 390 392 . 398 403 406 407 408 411 414 419 426 430 431 431 433 435
CONTENTS 448 449 451 18.4 Are corporations psychopaths? 18.5 The good side of large corporations 18.6 Conclusion PART V Government intervention in microeconomic markets 455 19 Market failure and government failure: The primary role for government in microeconomic markets 457 19.0 Chapter 19 learning goals 458 19.1 Market failure 1: Imperfect information about unsafe products 459 19.2 Market failure 2: Unequal bargaining power in the labor market 461 19.3 Market failure 3: Monopoly power and insufficient competition 462 19.4 Market failure 4: Negative and positive externalities 464 19.5 Market failure 5: Failure to preserve common resources and the environment 471 19.6 Market failure 6: Inadequate supply of public goods 474 19.7 Market failure 7: Increasing costs of essential services 476 19.8 Market failure 8: Fostering of inequality and poverty 478 19.9 Government failure 485 19.10 Conclusion 486 20 The economics of the environment and climate change: A key issue of our time 20.0 Chapter 20 learning goals 20.1 Ecological economics 20.2 Environmental and natural resource economics 20.3 The scientific consensus on climate change 20.4 The economic consequences of climate change 20.5 Mainstream, market-based solutions to climate change 20.6 Political economy solutions to climate change 20.7 Conclusion 490 491 492 494 498 501 503 507 510 21 Public goods and services: Do we have the right balance of public and private goods and services? 514 21.0 Chapter 21 learning goals 515 21.1 Public and quasi-public goods 515 21.2 Determining the optimal balance of public and private goods
520 xiii
XÎV CONTENTS 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.6 21.7 21.8 How best to provide public goods Galbraith and the theory of social balance Health care and health insurance Health care systems Education, knowledge, innovation, and economic development Conclusion PART VI Labor markets and inequality 521 523 527 529 535 539 543 22 Working for a living: The labor market and the forces that affect your working life 545 22.0 Chapter 22 learning goals 546 ■ 22.1 Labor market trends 546 22.2 The political economy of labor: Workers, employers, and conflict 549 22.3 Motivating labor: Sticks and carrots 554 22.4 Power dynamics between employers andworkers 556 22.5 The mainstream neoclassical model of the competitive labor market 563 22.6 Applications of the supply and demand for labor 567 22.7 The economics of the minimum wage 568 22.8 Marginal revenue product and income determination in mainstream economics 574 22.9 The mainstream economics model of labor in non competitive markets 576 22.10 Conclusion 579 23 Inequality, a key modern issue: Class, race, gender, and distribution 583 23.0 Chapter 23 learning goals 584 23.1 Income and wealth inequality in the United States and other developed countries 584 23.2 Social class and the political economy of inequality 591 23.3 Additional factors driving class inequality inthe modern world 597 23.4 Why we should care about class inequality, and what we can do to address it 599 23.5 Race and inequality 602 23.6 Gender inequality 606
CONTENTS 23.7 23.8 23.9 Economie analysis of inequality: Feminist and stratification economics Sexual orientation-based discrimination Conclusion PART VII International microeconomics 24 International microeconomics: Trade, protectionism, and exchange rates 621 24. 0 Chapter 24 learning goals 24.1 Trade and the theory of comparative advantage 24.2 Problems with the theory of comparative advantage 24.3 Political economy views on trade and competitiveness 24.4 Protectionism: Using tariff and non-tariff barriers to protect industries 635 24.5 Exchange rates and the foreign exchangemarket 24.6 The determinants of shifts in supply and demand in foreign exchange markets 641 24.7 Exchange rates, trade, and microeconomicmarkets 24.8 Conclusion Glossary of key terms and concepts Index 611 612 614 619 622 622 627 632 638 646 647 651 666 XV |
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spelling | Schneider, Geoffrey E. Verfasser (DE-588)171811399 aut Microeconomic principles and problems a pluralist introduction Geoffrey Schneider Second edition Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY Routledge 2024 xxv, 679 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Routledge pluralist introductions to economics Heterodoxe Ökonomie (DE-588)1112289534 gnd rswk-swf Mikroökonomie (DE-588)4039225-9 gnd rswk-swf Mikroökonomie (DE-588)4039225-9 s Heterodoxe Ökonomie (DE-588)1112289534 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-003-36844-1 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034295112&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Schneider, Geoffrey E. Microeconomic principles and problems a pluralist introduction Heterodoxe Ökonomie (DE-588)1112289534 gnd Mikroökonomie (DE-588)4039225-9 gnd |
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title | Microeconomic principles and problems a pluralist introduction |
title_auth | Microeconomic principles and problems a pluralist introduction |
title_exact_search | Microeconomic principles and problems a pluralist introduction |
title_exact_search_txtP | Microeconomic principles and problems a pluralist introduction |
title_full | Microeconomic principles and problems a pluralist introduction Geoffrey Schneider |
title_fullStr | Microeconomic principles and problems a pluralist introduction Geoffrey Schneider |
title_full_unstemmed | Microeconomic principles and problems a pluralist introduction Geoffrey Schneider |
title_short | Microeconomic principles and problems |
title_sort | microeconomic principles and problems a pluralist introduction |
title_sub | a pluralist introduction |
topic | Heterodoxe Ökonomie (DE-588)1112289534 gnd Mikroökonomie (DE-588)4039225-9 gnd |
topic_facet | Heterodoxe Ökonomie Mikroökonomie |
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