Chernobyl and the mortality crisis in Eastern Europe and the former USSR:
Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the mortality crisis which affected Eastern Europe and the republics of the former USSR at the time of the transition to a market economy was arguably the major peacetime health crisis of recent decades. Chernobyl and the Mortality Crisis in Eastern Europe and the Old U...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin ; Boston
De Gruyter
[2022]
|
| Schriftenreihe: | De Gruyter Contemporary Social Sciences
volume 11 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the mortality crisis which affected Eastern Europe and the republics of the former USSR at the time of the transition to a market economy was arguably the major peacetime health crisis of recent decades. Chernobyl and the Mortality Crisis in Eastern Europe and the Old USSR discusses the importance of that crisis, surprisingly underplayed in the scientific literature, and presents evidence suggesting a potential role of the Chernobyl disaster among the causes contributing to it |
| Beschreibung: | XVI, 132 Seiten Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9783110761733 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000zcb4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV048973205 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20230718 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 230524s2022 |||| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9783110761733 |9 978-3-11-076173-3 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)1370171629 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV048973205 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rda | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-Re13 |a DE-12 | ||
| 084 | |a OST |q DE-12 |2 fid | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Tapia Granados, José A. |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1012666034 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Chernobyl and the mortality crisis in Eastern Europe and the former USSR |c José A. Tapia |
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin ; Boston |b De Gruyter |c [2022] | |
| 264 | 4 | |c © 2022 | |
| 300 | |a XVI, 132 Seiten |b Diagramme | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a De Gruyter Contemporary Social Sciences |v volume 11 | |
| 520 | |a Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the mortality crisis which affected Eastern Europe and the republics of the former USSR at the time of the transition to a market economy was arguably the major peacetime health crisis of recent decades. Chernobyl and the Mortality Crisis in Eastern Europe and the Old USSR discusses the importance of that crisis, surprisingly underplayed in the scientific literature, and presents evidence suggesting a potential role of the Chernobyl disaster among the causes contributing to it | ||
| 610 | 2 | 7 | |a Čornobyl‛s‛ka atomna elektrostancija |0 (DE-588)16034446-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1980-2016 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Gesundheitsrisiko | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nuklearenergie | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Tschernobyl | |
| 650 | 4 | |a UdSSR. | |
| 650 | 7 | |a POLITICAL SCIENCE / World / Russian & Former Soviet Union |2 bisacsh | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Public Health |0 (DE-588)4139640-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Sterblichkeit |0 (DE-588)4057312-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Reaktorunfall |0 (DE-588)4195666-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Nachfolgestaaten |0 (DE-588)4328855-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Osteuropa |0 (DE-588)4075739-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Sowjetunion |0 (DE-588)4077548-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Osteuropa |0 (DE-588)4075739-0 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Sowjetunion |0 (DE-588)4077548-3 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Nachfolgestaaten |0 (DE-588)4328855-8 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Čornobyl‛s‛ka atomna elektrostancija |0 (DE-588)16034446-3 |D b |
| 689 | 0 | 4 | |a Reaktorunfall |0 (DE-588)4195666-7 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 5 | |a Sterblichkeit |0 (DE-588)4057312-6 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 6 | |a Public Health |0 (DE-588)4139640-6 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1980-2016 |A z |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Online-Ausgabe, PDF |z 978-3-11-076178-8 |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Online-Ausgabe, EPUB |z 978-3-11-076189-4 |
| 830 | 0 | |a De Gruyter Contemporary Social Sciences |v volume 11 |w (DE-604)BV047620687 |9 11 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034236786&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034236786&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Literaturverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034236786&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Register // Gemischte Register |
| 940 | 1 | |n oe | |
| 940 | 1 | |q BSB_NED_20230607 | |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034236786 | ||
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 304.609 |e 22/bsb |f 09048 |g 947.08 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 610.9 |e 22/bsb |f 0905 |g 47 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 610.9 |e 22/bsb |f 0904 |g 47 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 304.609 |e 22/bsb |f 0904 |g 47 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 304.609 |e 22/bsb |f 0905 |g 47 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 610.9 |e 22/bsb |f 09048 |g 947.08 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804185214256152576 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents Abbreviations----- XV Chapter 1 Introduction----- 1 Chapter 2 Chernobyl — The nuclear disaster----- 22 Chapter 3 Chernobyl and the timing of the mortality crisis — 28 Chapter 4 Birth rates and sex ratios after Chernobyl — 31 Chapter 5 Soviet and post-Soviet cover-up----- 38 Chapter 6 Effects of the radioactive fallout — From early evaluations to the Chernobyl Forum----- 42 Chapter 7 Health effects of ionizing radiation — How knowledge grew out of secrecy — 49 Chapter 8 Effects of low-dose radiation — The LNT model — Hormesis — 63 Chapter 9 Conflicting results of investigations on exposures to low-dose ionizing radiation----- 84 Chapter 10 Thyroid cancer caused by the Chernobyl fallout — 89 Chapter 11 Post-Chernobyl non-thyroid malignancies and other health effects — 93
XIV — Contents Chapter 12 Mortality effects of fallout from nuclear tests —102 Chapter 13 Conclusion----- 106 Appendix A Units for measurement of ionizing radiation —109 Appendix В Gender issues----- 110 Appendix C Data Tables----- 114 References----- 119 Index----- 131
References Ad hoc Working Group, US Department of Health Human Services, Public Health Service, NIH, (1985). Report of the NIH ad hoc working group to develop radioepidemiological tables - NIH publication no. 85-2748. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. Alexievich, S. (2017). Second-hand time (B. Shayevich Trans.). New York: Random House. Alexievich, S. (2019). Voices from Chernobyl: The oral history of a nuclear disaster (K. Gessen Trans.). Champaign, IL: Dalkey Archive Press. Alinaghizadeh, H., Tondel, Μ., Walinder, R. (2014). Cancer incidence in northern Sweden before and after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident. Radiation Environmental Biophysics, 53, 495-504. Alinaghizadeh, H., Wålinder, R., Vingård, E., Tondel, M. (2016). Total cancer incidence in relation to 137Cs fallout in the most contaminated counties in Sweden after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident: A register-based study. BMJ Open, 6(12), Є011924. Almond, D., Edlund, L„ Palme, Μ. (2009). Chernobyl’s subclinical legacy: Prenatal exposure to radioactive fallout and school outcomes in Sweden. Quarterly Journal of Economics 124(4), 1729-1772. Altman, D. G., Bland, J. Μ. (1995). Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence. BMJ 326(7401), 1267. Andreev, E., Bogoyavlensky, D., Stickley, A. (2013). Comparing alcohol mortality in tsarist and contemporary russia: Is the current situation historically unique? Alcohol and Alcoholism 48(2), 215-221. Anonymous (2009). Ex-communist reform: Mass murder and the market. The Economist, Jan 22. Archer, V. E. (1977). Occupational exposure to
radiation as a cancer hazard. Cancer 34 (4 Supp), 1802-1806. Arms Control Association.The nuclear testing tally. Retrieved March 2022 from www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/nucleartesttally Asuka, J., Park, S., Nishimura, Μ. Morotomi, T. (2014). Reply to the letter from Dr. Hansen and others: Nuclear power is not the answer to climate change mitigation. Retrieved April 2022 from www.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/labs/china/asuka/_src/2014/nuclear_powerclimate_change_enver2.pdf Axelrod, D., Burns, K., Davis, D., von Larebeke, N. (2004). “Hormesis”—An inappropriate extrapolation from the specific to the universal. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health 10(3), 335-339. Azarova, A., Irdam, D., Gugushvili, A. et al. (2017). The effect of rapid privatisation on mortality in mono-industrial towns in post-soviet Russia: A retrospective cohort study. Lancet Public Health 2(5), e231-e238. Baldwin, J., Grantham, V. (2015). Radiation hormesis: Historical and current perspectives. Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology 43(4), 242-246. Ball, H. (1986). Downwind from the bomb. The New York Times Magazine Feb. 9, 33. Bard, D., Verger, P., Hubert, P. (1997). Chernobyl, 10 years after: Health consequences. Epidemiologic Reviews 19(2), 187-204. Baverstock, K., 8i Williams, D. (2006). The Chernobyl accident 20 years on: An assessment of the health consequences and the international response. Environmental Health Perspectives 114,1312-1317. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110761788-021
120 — References Berkman, L F., Kawachi, I., Glymour, Μ. Μ. (Eds.) (2014). Social epidemiology (2nd ed.). Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press. Beyea, J. (2017). Lessons to be learned from a contentious challenge to mainstream radiobiological science (the linear no-threshold theory of genetic mutations). Environmental Research 154, 362-379. Bhattacharya, J., Gathmann, C., Miller, G. (2013). The Gorbachev anti-alcohol campaign and Russia’s mortality crisis. American Economic Journal Applied Economics 5(2), 232-260. Black, S.E., Bütikofer, A., Devereux, P. J., Salvanes, K. G. (2019). This is only a test? Longrun and intergenerational impacts of prenatal exposure to radioactive fallout. Review of Economics and Statistics 101(3), 531-546. Blitz, Μ. (2016). When Kodak accidentally discovered A-bomb testing—Two thousand miles away from the U.S. A-bomb tests in 1945, something weird was happening to Kodak’s film. Popular Mechanics (June 20). Bochud, F. Jung T. (2012), Comment on “The human sex odds at birth after the atmospheric atomic bomb tests, after Chernobyl, and in the vicinity of nuclear facilities”. Environ mental Science and Pollution Research 19:2456-2459. Bonita, R., Beaglehole, R., Kjelstroem, T. (2008). Basic epidemiology (2nd, corrected print out ed.). Geneva: World Health Organization. Booth, C. (2020). Astonishing drinking sessions and epic hangovers in the world’s booziest nation. The Telegraph, January 28. Brainerd, E., Cutler, D. Μ. (2005). Autopsy on an empire: Understanding mortality in Russia and the former Soviet Union. Journal of Economic Perspectives
19(1), 107-130. Brenner, A. V., Tranko, M. D., Hatch, Μ. et al. (2012). 1-131 dose response for incident thyroid cancers in Ukraine related to the Chornobyl accident. Environmental Health Perspectives 119(8), A332. Brenner, D. J., Doll, R., Goodhead, D. T. et al. (2003). Cancer risks attributable to low doses of ionizing radiation: Assessing what we really know. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 100(24), 13761. Brodie, J. F. (2015). Radiation secrecy and censorship after Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Journal of Social History 48(4), 842-864. Brown, K. (2019). Manual for survival - A Chernobyl guide to the future. New York: Norton. Brown, K. (2013). Plutopia: Nuclear families, atomic cities, and the great Soviet and American plutonium disasters. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Calabrese, E. J. (2005). Historical blunders: How toxicology got the dose-response relationship half right. Cellular and Molecular Biology 51(7), 643-654. Calabrese, E. J. (2008). Astrocytes: Adaptive responses to low doses of neurotoxins. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 38(5), 463-471. Calabrese, E. J. Baldwin, L. A. (1999). The marginalization of hormesis. Toxicological Pathology 27(2), 187-194. Calabrese, E. J„ Baldwin, L. A. (2001). The frequency of U-shaped dose responses in the toxicological literature. Toxicological Sciences 62(2), 330-338. Calabrese, E. J., Baldwin, L. A. (2001). Hormesis: A generalizable and unifying hypothesis. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 31(4- 5), 353-424. Calabrese, E. J., Baldwin, L. A. (2002). Defining hormesis. Human Experimental Toxicology 21(2),
91-97. doi:10.1191/0960327102ht217oa
References — 121 Calabrese, E. J., Baldwin, L. A. (2003). Toxicology rethinks its central belief. Nature 421(6924), 691-692. Cardis, E., Howe, R„ Bebeshko, V., Bogdanova, T. et al. (2006). Cancer consequences of the Chernobyl accident: 20 years on. Journal of Radiological Protection 26(2), 127-140. Cardis, E., Krewski, D., Boniol, Μ., Drozdovitch, V. et al. (2006). Estimates of the cancer burden in Europe from radioactive fallout from the Chernobyl accident. International Journal of Cancer, 119(6), 1224-1235. Case, A., Deaton, D. (2015). Rising morbidity and mortality in midlife among white non Hispanic Americans in the 21st century. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 112(49), 15078-15083. Chernobyl Forum (2006). Chernobyl’s legacy: Health, environmental and socio-economic impacts, and recommendations to the governments of Belarus, the Russian federation and Ukraine. Vienna: IAEA. Clifford, C. (2022). Why the U.S. government plans to spend billions to keep money-losing nuclear plants open. CNBC, Feb 17. Retrieved March 2022 from www.cnbc.com/2022/02/ 17/the-us-is-spending-billions-to-keep-money-losing-nuclear-plants-open.html. Cockerham, W. C. (Ed.) (1999). Health and social change in Russia and Eastern Europe. New York: Routledge. Cornar, C. L. (1963). Fallout from nuclear tests. Oak Ridge, TN: US Atomic Energy Commission. Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization. 27 January 1951: The first of 904 nuclear tests conducted at the nevada nuclear test site. Retrieved March 2022 from www.ctbto.org/specials/who-we-are/ Cornia, G. A., Panicela,
R. (Eds.) (2000). The mortality crisis in transitional economies. New York: Oxford University Press. Cox, R., Muirhead, C. R., Stather, J. W., Edwards, A. A., Little, M. P. (1995). Risk of radiation-induced cancer at low doses and low dose ratesfor radiation protection purposes. Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire: National Radiological Protection Board, UK. Danzer, A. Μ., Danzer, N. (2016). The long-run consequences of Chernobyl: Evidence on subjective well-being, mental health and welfare. Journal of Public Economics 135, 47-60. Davis, S., Day, R., Kopecký, К., Mahoney, et al. International Consortium For Research On The Health Effects Of Radiation. Writing Committee and Study Team (2005). Childhood leukaemia in Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine following the Chernobyl power station accident: Results from an international collaborative population-based case-control study. International Journal of Epidemiology 35(2), 386-396. doi:10.1093/ije/dyi220 De Geer, L., Persson, C., Rodhe, H. (2018). A nuclear jet at Chernobyl around 21:23:45 UTC on April 25,1986. Nuclear Technology 201(1), 11-22. de Vries, H., Waterbolk, H. T. (1958). Groningen radiocarbon dates III. Science 128(3338), 1550-1556. Dei, A. (2017), Hormesis and homeopathy—Toward a new self-consciousness. Dose-Response 15(4), 1-4. Delongchamp, R. R., Mabuchi, K., Yoshimoto, Y., Preston, D. L. (1997). Cancer mortality among atomic bomb survivors exposed in utero or as young children, October 1950-May 1992. Radiation Research 147(3), 385-395. Dikov, I. (2018). How Bulgaria’s communist regime hid the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster
from the public protecting only itself, paxglocalica.com/2018/04/26/how-bulgarias-
122 — References communist-regime-hid-the-1986-chernobyl-nuclear-disaster-from-the-public-protectingonly-itself-written-for-archaeologyinbulgaria-com. Accessed February 2022. Doll, R., Hill, A. B. (1950). Smoking and carcinoma of the lung. British Medical Journal 2(4682), 739-748. Dunning, G. Μ. (1955). Protecting the public during weapons testing at the Nevada test site. JAMA 158(11), 900-904. Elliott, K. C. (2000). A case for caution: An evaluation of Calabrese and Baldwin’s studies of chemical hormesis. Risk 11(2), 176-196. Fabricant, ). I. (1981). The BEIR-111 Report: Origin of the controversy. American Journal of Roentgenology 136, 209-214.Fabrikant, ). I. (1987). The Chernobyl disaster: An international perspective. Industrial Crisis Quarterly, 1(4), 2-12. Fabrikant, J. I. (1991). The carcinogenic risks of low-LET and high-LET ionizing radiations. Journal of Radiation Research 32(2), 143-164. Faden, R. (1996). The advisory committee on human radiation experiments: Reflections on a presidential commission. The Hastings Center Report 26(5), 5-10. Fairlie, I., Sumner, D. (2006). The other report on Chernobyl (TORCH) - An independent scientific evaluation of the health-related effects of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster with critical analyses ofrecent IAEA/WH0 reports. Greens/EFA in the European Parliament. Retrieved February 2022 from cricket.biol.sc.edu/chernobyl/papers/TORCH.pdf FDA. Fluoroscopy. Retrieved January 2022 from www.fda.gov/radiation-emitting-products/ medical-x-ray-imaging/fluoroscopy Feynman, R. P. (1998). The meaning of it all - Toughts of a citizen
scientist. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley. Foner, E. (2006). Give me liberty! An American history. New York: W.W. Norton. Fradkin, P. L (1989). Fallout: An American nuclear tragedy. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. Galea, S. (Ed.). (2007). Macrosocial determinants of population health. New York: Springer. Gofman, J. W. (1990). Chapter 37 - Assessing Chernobyl’s cancer consequences: Application of four ’Laws’ of radiation carcinogenesis. Paper presented at the symposium on low- level radiation, national meeting of the American Chemical Society, September 9,1986. In E. O’Connor (Ed.), Radiation-induced cancer from low-dose exposure: An independent analysis. San Francisco: Committee for Nuclear Responsibility. Gofman, J. W. (1996). Preventing breast cancer: The story of a major, proven, preventable cause of this disease. San Francisco: Committee for Nuclear Responsibility. Goldman, Μ., Catlin, R. J., Anspaugh, L. (1987). Health and environmental consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident (D0E/ER-0332 NTIS). Springfield. VA: US Department of Energy. Grech, V. (2014). The Chernobyl accident, the male to female ratio at birth and birth rates. Acta Medica 57(2):62-67. Greene, G. (2011). Richard Doll and Alice Stewart: Reputation and the shaping of scientific “truth”. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 54(A), 504-31. Greene, G. (2017). The woman who knew too much: Alice Stewart and the secrets of radiation (2nd ed.). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. Grigoriev, P., Andreev, E. Μ. (2015). The huge reduction in adult male mortality in Belarus and Russia:
Is it attributable to anti-alcohol measures? PLoS One 10(9), e0138021.
References — 123 Hatch, M. C., Beyea, )., Nieves, J. W., Susser, Μ. (1990). Cancer near the Three Mile Island nudear plant: Radiation emissions. American Journal of Epidemiology 132(3), 392-412. Hatch, Μ., Susser, Μ., Beyea, J. (1997). Comments on “A réévaluation of cancer incidence near the Three Mile Island nuclear plant”. Environmental Health Perspectives 105(1), 12. Hatch, Μ. C., Wallenstein, S., Beyea, )., Nieves, J. W., Susser, Μ. (1991). Cancer rates after the Three Mile Island nuclear accident and proximity of residence to the plant. American Journal of Public Health 81(6), 719 -724. Hatch, Μ., Ostroumova, E„ Brenner, A., Federenko, Z. et al. (2015). Non-thyroid cancer in northern Ukraine in the post-Chernobyl period: Short report. Cancer Epidemiology 39(3), 279-283. Hatch, Μ., Cardis, E. (2017). Somatic health effects of Chernobyl: 30 years on. European Journal of Epidemiology 32(12), 1047-1054. Haynes, Μ., Husan, R. (2003). A century of state murder? Death and policy in twentieth century Russia. London: Pluto Press. Healio Hematology-Oncology. The shoe fitting fluoroscope, a little-known application of the X ray. Accessed April 2021 at www.healio.com/news/hematology-oncology/20120325/theshoe-fitting-fluoroscope-a-little-known-application-of-the-x-ray. Hoffmann, W. (2002). Has fallout from the Chernobyl accident caused childhood leukaemia in Europe? A commentary on the epidemiologic evidence. European Journal of Public Health 12(1), 72-76. Honicker, C. T. (1987), Premeditated deceit: The Atomic Energy Commission against Joseph August Sauter. Dissertation for MA in
Sociology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Accessed February 2022 at trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4939/. Hunnicutt, T., Scheyderand, E.U.S. ban on Russian energy imports does not include uranium. Reuters, March 8, 2022. Retrieved April 2022 from www.reuters.com/business/ energy/us-ban-russian-energy-imports-doesnt-include-uranium-source-2022-03-08/ IAEA (1991). The international Chernobyl project: Assessment of radiological consequences and evaluation of protective measures - Report by an international advisory committee. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency. IAEA (1996). After Chernobyl: What do we really know? Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency. IAEA (2006). Environmental consequences of the Chernobyl accident and their remediation: Twenty years of experience - Report of the Chernobyl Forum expert group “Environment”. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency. Ingram, Μ., Mason, W. B., Whipple, G. H., 8í Howland, J. W. (1952). Biological effects of ionizing radiation - Sponsored by the US atomic energy commission [Declassified 3/15/ 13]. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester. Retrieved December 2021 from https:// www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/4389333 Ivanov, V. K. (2007). Late cancer and noncancer risks among Chernobyl emergency workers of Russia. Health Physics 93(5), 470 - 479. Izrael, Y. A., De Cort, Μ., Jones, A. R., Nazarov, I. Μ. et al. (1996). The atlas of caesium-137 contamination of Europe after the Chernobyl accident. In A. Karaoglou, G. Desmet, G. N. Kelly H. G. Menze (Eds.), The radiological consequences of the Chernobyl accident
Proceedings of the first international conference, Minsk, Belarus, March 18-22, 1996 (pp. 1-10). Brussels: European Union.
124 — References Jacobson, M, Z. (2021a). 100% clean, renewable energy and storage for everything. New York: Cambridge University Press. Jacobson, Μ. Z. (2021b). The 7 reasons why nuclear energy is not the answer to solve climate change. Retrieved April 2022 from eu.boell.org/en/2021/04/26/7-reasons-why-nuclearenergy-not-answer-solve-climate-change Jargin, S. (2011). Thyroid cancer after Chernobyl: Obfuscated truth. Dose-Response 9, 471-476. Jargin, S. V. (2014). Letter to the editor: On the radiation-leukemia dose-response relationship among recovery workers after the Chernobyl accident. Dose-Response 12(1), 162-165. Jaworowski, Z. (2010). Observations on the Chernobyl disaster and LNT. Dose-Response 8(2), 148-171. Joyce, C. WBUR news: Challenges loom large, 25 years after Chernobyl (April 26, 2011). Retrieved February 2021 from www.wbur.org/npr/135705270/challenges-loom-large-25years-after-chernobyl Kashcheev, V. V., Chekin, S. Y., Maksioutov, Μ. A., et al. (2015). Incidence and mortality of solid cancer among emergency workers of the Chernobyl accident: Assessment of radiation risks for the follow-up period of 1992-2009. Radiation and Environmental Biophysics 54(1), 13 - 23. Kesminiene, A., Evrard, A., Ivanov, V. K., Malakhova, 1. V. et al. (2012). Risk of thyroid cancer among Chernobyl liquidators. Radiation Research 178(5), 425-436. Kirsch, S. (2004). Harold Knapp and the geography of normal controversy: Radioiodine in the historical environment. Osiris 19, 167-181. Kitchin, K. T., 8i Drane, J. W. (2005). A critique of the use of hormesis in risk assessment. Human
Experimental Toxicology 24(5), 249-253. Knapp, H. (1964), lodine-131 in fresh milk and human thyroids following а single deposition of nuclear test fall-out, Nature 202(4932), 534-537. Knoll, G. F. (2010). Radiation detection and measurement (4th ed.). Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley. Kulakov, V. I., Sokur, T. N.. Volobuev et al. (1993). Female reproductive function in areas affected by radiation after the Chernobyl power station accident. Environmental Health Perspectives 101,117-123. Kunitz, S. (1994). The value of particularism in the study of the cultural, social and behavioral determinants of mortality. In L. C. Chen, A. Kleinman N. C. Ware (Eds.), Health and social change in international perspective (pp. 225-250). Boston: Harvard School of Public Health. Kunitz, S. J. (2006). The health of populations - General theories and particular realities. New York: Oxford University Press. Lehmann, H., Wadsworth, J. (2011). The impact of Chernobyl on health and labour market performance. Journal of Health Economics 30(5), 843-857. Lifton, R. J., Mitchell, G. (1995). Hiroshima in America: Fifty years of denial. New York: Putnam. Lim, H„ Devesa, S. S., Sosa, J. A., Check, D., Kitahara, C. Μ. (2017). Trends in thyroid cancer incidence and mortality in the United States, 1974-2013. /4ЛМ 317(13), 1338-1348. Little, Μ. P., Azizova, T. V., Bazyka, D. et al. (2012). Systematic review and meta-analysis of circulatory disease from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation and estimates of
References — 125 potential population mortality risks. Environmental Health Perspectives 120(11), 1503-1511. Liubarets, T. F., Shibata, Y., Saenko, V. A., et al. (2019). Childhood leukemia in Ukraine after the Chornobyl accident. Radiation and Environmental Biophysics 58(4), 553-562. Macalister, T., Carter, H. (2009). Britain’s farmers still restricted by Chernobyl nuclear fallout - Environmentalists say controls on 369 farms highlight danger of plans to build nuclear plants around UK. The Guardian, May 13. Mackenbach, J. P. (2013). Political conditions and life expectancy in Europe, 1900-2008 Social Science Medicine 82,134-146. Mahaffey, J. A. (2014). Atomic accidents: A history of nuclear meltdowns and disasters: From the Ozark mountains to Fukushima. New York: Pegasus Books. Marino, F., Nunziata, L. (2018). Long-term consequences of the Chernobyl radioactive fallout: An exploration of the aggregate data. Milbank Quarterly 96(4), 814-857. Marples, D. R. (1996). The decade of despair. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 52(3), 20-31. Mastauskas, A., Nedvecktaite, T., Filistovic, V. (1997). Consequences of the Chernobyl accident in lithuania. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA): Retrieved December 2021 from http://inis.iaea.org/search/search. aspx?orig_q=RN:29013363 Mattson, Μ. P. (2008). Hormesis defined. Ageing Research Review7(1), 1-7. Meyers, K. (2019). In the shadow of the mushroom cloud: Nuclear testing, radioactive fallout, and damage to U.S. agriculture, 1945 to 1970. Journal of Economic History 79(1), 244 - 274. Meyers, K. (2022). Some unintended fallout from
defense policy: Measuring the effect of atmospheric nuclear testing on American mortality patterns [Working Paper, University of Southern Denmark, February 7]. Earlier draft available at squarespace.com/static/ 59262540b3db2b0d0d6d7d2b/t/5c81809a419202f922f0cfa4/1551990940274/ FalloutMortDraft_3 - 5 - 2019.pdf Michaelis, )., Haaf, H. G., Zöllner, J., Kaatsch, P., Krummenauer, F., Berthold, F. (1996). Case control study of neuroblastoma in West Germany after the Chernobyl accident. Klinische Pädiatrie 208W, 172-178. Moysich, К. В., Menezes, R. J., Michalek, A. M. (2002). Chernobyl-related ionising radiation exposure and cancer risk: An epidemiological review. Lancet Oncology 3(5), 269-279. Mushak, P. (2007). Hormesis and its place in nonmonotonic dose-response relationships: Some scientific reality checks. Environmental Health Perspectives 15(4), 500-506. NAS-NRC, National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council (1960). The biological effects of atomic radiation - Summary report. Washington DC: NAS/NSR. National Research Council (1990). Health effects of exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation: BEÍR 1Հ Washington, DC: National Academies Press. National Research Council (2006). Health risks from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation: BEÍR Vil phase 2. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. National Research Council, (n.d.). BEÍR VII: Health risks from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation - report in brief. Retrieved November 2021 from dels.nas.edu/ resources/static-assets/materials-based-on-reports/reports-in-brief/beir_vii_final.pdf
Nesterenko, A. B., Nesterenko, V. B., Yablokov, A. V. (2009). Consequences of the Chernobyl catastrophe for public health. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1181, 31-220.
126 — References Nesterenko, V. В., Yablokov, A. V. (2009). Chernobyl contamination: An overview. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1181, 4-30. Nussbaum, R. H., Kohnlein, W. (1994). Inconsistencies and open questions regarding lowdose health effects of ionizing radiation. Environmental Health Perspectives 102(8), 656-667. Ostroumova, E., Hatch, Μ., Brenner, A., et al. (2016). Non-thyroid cancer incidence in Belarusian residents exposed to Chernobyl fallout in childhood and adolescence: Standardized incidence ratio analysis, 1997-2011. Environmental Research 147, 44-49. Parker, S. P. (1984). McGraw-hill dictionary of physics. New York: McGraw-Hill. Parsons, Μ. A. (2014). Dying unneeded: The cultural context of the Russian mortality crisis. Nashvile: Vanderbilt University Press. Pauling, L. (1983). No more war! [1st ed. 1958]. New York: Dodd, Mead. Peplow, Μ. (2006). Counting the dead: Twenty years after the worst nuclear accident in history, arguments over the death toll of Chernobyl are as politically charged as ever. Nature 440(7087), 982-983. Petridou, E., Trichopoulos, D., Dessypris, N.. et al. (1997). Infant leukaemia after in utero exposure to radiation from Chernobyl. Nature 387(6630), 246. Petridou, E., Proukakis, C., Tong, et al. D. (1994). Trends and geographical distribution of childhood leukemia in Greece in relation to the Chernobyl accident. Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine 22(2), 127-131. Pitkevitch, V. A., Ivanov, V. K., Tsyb, A. F. et al. (1997). Exposure levels for persons involved in recovery operations after the Chernobyl accident:
Statistical analysis based on the data of the Russian National Medical and Dosimetric Registry. Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, 36(3), 149-160. Plokhy, S. (2019). The Chernobyl cover-up: How officials botched evacuating an irradiated city. Retrieved October 2021 from www.history.com/news/chernobyl-disaster-coverup. Poch, R. (2017). La disolución de la URSS. La Vanguardia (Barcelona), December 6. Pohl-Rüling, J., Haas, 0. A., Obe, G. et al. (1990). The Chernobyl fallout In Salzburg, Austria, and its effect on blood chromosomes. Acta Biologica Hungarica 41(1-3), 215-222. Poledňák, A. D. (1978). Bone cancer among female radium dial workers - Latency periods and incidence rates by time after exposure. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 60(1), 77-82. Pukkala, E., Kesminiene, A., Poliakov et al. (2006). Breast cancer in Belarus and Ukraine after the Chernobyl accident. International Journal of Cancer 119(3), 651-658. Radiopaedia. Thomas Edison. Accessed January 2022 at radiopaedia.org/articles/thomasedison/changesets/307845/edits?lang=us. Revkin, A. C. (2013). Dot earth: ‘To those influencing environmental policy but opposed to nuclear power’. November 3. Retrieved March 2022 from https:// dotearth, blogs.nytimes.com/2013/ll/03/to-those-influencing-environmental-policy-butopposed-to-nuclear-power/ Rice, J. (2015). Downwind of the atomic state: US continental atmospheric testing, radioactive fallout, and organizational deviance, 1951-1962. Social Science History 39(A), 647-676. Ricarte-Filho I. C., Li, S., Garcia-Rendueles, Μ. E. R. et al. (2013). Identification of
kinase fusion oncogenes in post-Chernobyl radiation-induced thyroid cancers. Journal of Clinical Investigation 123(11), 4935-4944. Richmond, C. (2002). Alice Mary Stewart. BMJ 325(7355), 106-106.
References — 127 Ringholz, R. C. (2002). Uranium frenzy: Saga of the nuclear west. Logan, Utah: Utah State University Press. Riphahn, R. T., Zimmermann, K. F. (2000). The mortality crisis in East Germany. In G. A. Cornia, R. Paniccià (Eds.), The mortality crisis in transitional economies (pp. 227-252). New York: Oxford University Press. Rodgers, B. E., Holmes, K. Μ. (2008). Radio-adaptive response to environmental exposures at Chernobyl. Dose-Response 6(2), 209-221. Rosefield, S. (2001). Premature deaths: Russia’s radical economic transition in Soviet perspective. Europe-Asia Studies 53(8), 1159-1176. Roszkowska, H., 8i Goryński, P. (2004). [Thyroid cancer in Poland in 1980-2000] [in Polish]. Przeglgd Epidemiologiczny 58(2), 369-76. Russell, W. L., Russell, L. B., Kelly, E. Μ. (1958). Radiation dose rate and mutation frequency. Science 128(3338), 1546-1550. Sachs, J. D. (2009). Shock therapy’ had no adverse effect on life expectancy in Eastern Europe. Financial Times Jan 19. Sacks, B., Meyerson, G., Siegel, J. A. (2016). Epidemiology without biology: False paradigms, unfounded assumptions, and specious statistics in radiation science (with commentaries by Inge Schmitz-Feuerhake and Christopher Busby and a reply by the authors). Biological Theory 11, 69-101. Sagan, L. A. (1987). What is hormesis and why haven’t we heard about it before? Health Physics 52(5), 521-525. Samet, J. Μ., de Gonzalez, A. B., Dauer, L. T., Hatch, Μ., Kosti, 0., Mettler, J.,Fred A., Satyamitra, Μ. Μ. (2018). Gilbert W. Beebe symposium on 30 years after the Chernobyl accident: Current and future
studies on radiation health effects. Radiation Research 189(1), 5-18. Satter, D. (2017). The less you know, the better you sleep: Russia’s road to terror and dictatorship under Yeltsin and Putin. New Haven: Yale University Press. Schmemann, S. (1986). Soviet announces nuclear accident at electric plant. New York Times, April 29, А1-А6. Scherb, H. Voigt, K. (2011). The human sex odds at birth after the atmospheric atomic bomb tests, after Chernobyl, and in the vicinity of nuclear facilities. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 18:697-707 Scherb, H. Voigt, K. (2012). Response to F. Bochud and T. Jung. Environmental Science Pollution Research 19:4234-4241. Shrader-Frechette, K. (2008). Ideological toxicology: Invalid logic, science, ethics about lowdose pollution. Human Experimental Toxicology 27(8), 647-657. Shrader-Frechette, K. (2012). Research integrity and conflicts of interest: The case of unethical research-misconduct charges filed by Edward Calabrese. Accountability in Research 19(4), 220-242. Siegel, J. A., Sacks, B., Greenspan, B. S. (2018). There is no evidence to support the Linear No-Threshold model of radiation carcinogenesis. Journal of Nuclear Medicine 59(12), 1918. Simon, S. L., Bouville, A., Land, C. E. (2006). Fallout from nuclear weapons tests and cancer risks: Exposures 50 years ago still have health implications today that will continue into the future. American Scientist 94(1), 48 - 57.
128 — References Simons, Μ. (1993). Soviet atom test used thousands as guinea pigs, archives show. New York Times, Nov. 7, pp. 1 20. Retrieved January 2022 from www.nytimes.com/1993/ll/07/ world/soviet-atom-test-used-thousands-as-guinea-pigs-archives-show.html Sofia Globe staff (2020). Bulgaria, April 1986: The Chernobyl cover-up. The Sofia Globe April 26. Accessed February 2022 sofiaglobe.com/2020/04/26/bulgaria-april-1986-thechernobyl-cover-up/. Sterling, P., Platt, Μ. L. (2022). Why deaths of despair are increasing in the US and not other industrial Nations—Insights from neuroscience and anthropology. JAMA Psychiatry 79(4), 368 - 374. Stevens, W., Thomas, D. C., Lyon, J. L. et al. (1990). Leukemia in Utah and radioactive fallout from the Nevada test site: A case-control study. Journal of the American Medical Association 264(94), 585-591. Stillman, S. (2006). Health and nutrition in eastern europe and the former soviet union during the decade of transition: A review of the literature. Economics Human Biology 4(1), 104-146. Stsjazhko, V. A., Tsyb, A. F., Tronko, N. D., Souchkevitch, G., Baverstock, K. F. (1995). Childhood thyroid cancer since accident at Chernobyl [letter]. BMJ 310(6982), 801. Stuckler, D., Basu, S. (2013). How austerity kills. New York Times, May 13, A19. Stuckler, D., King, L., McKee, Μ. (2009). Mass privatization and the post-communist mortality crisis. Lancet, 373, 399-407. Suddath, C. (2010). A brief history of Russians and vodka. Time January 5. Retrieved January 2022 from web.arch¡ve.org/web/20100525170240/http://www.t¡me.com/time/world/
article/0%2C8599%2C1951620%2C00.html Svendsen, E. R., Kolpakov, I. E., Stepanova, Y. I. et al. (2010). 137Cesium exposure and spirometry measures in Ukrainian children affected by the Chernobyl nuclear incident. Environmental Health Perspectives 118(5), 720-725. Talbott, E. 0., Youk, A. 0., McHugh, K. P., et al (2000a). Mortality among the residents of the Three Mile Island accident area: 1979-1992. Environmental Health Perspectives 108(6), 545-552. Talbott, E. 0., Youk, A. 0., McHugh, K. P., et al (2000b). Re: “Collision of evidence and assumptions: TMI déjà view” [letter]. Environmental Health Perspectives 108(12), A547A549. Tapia Granados, J. A. (2013). Repression, famines, and wars: Major impacts of politics on population health. Social Science Medicine 86,103-106. Tomka, B. (2013). A social history of twentieth-century Europe. New York: Routledge. Tomonaga, Μ. (1962). Leukaemia in Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors from 1945 through 1959. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 26(5), 619-631. Tondel, Μ., Lindgren, P., Hjalmarsson, P., Hardell, Լ., Persson, B. (2006). Increased incidence of malignancies in Sweden after the Chernobyl accident - A promoting effect? American Journal of Industrial Medicine 49(3), 159-68. Tondel, Μ., Hjalmarsson, P., Hardell, L., Carlsson, G., Axelson, О. (2004). Increase of regional total cancer incidence in north Sweden due to the Chernobyl accident? Journal of Epidemiology Community Health 58,1011. Truman, H. S. President Harry Truman announces the bombing of Hiroshima. Retrieved November 2021 from www.youtube.com/watch?v=FN_UJJ9ObDs
References —— 129 Udall, S. (1994). The myths of August: A personal exploration of our tragic Cold War affair with the atom. New York: Pantheon/Random House. United States Congress, Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, Special Subcommittee on Radiation. (1957). Summary-analysis of hearings may 27-29, and june 3 -7, 1957, The nature of radioactive fallout and its effects on man. Washington: Government Printing Office. Retrieved November 2021 from https://www.heinonline.org/HOL/Page? handle=hein.cbhear/cbhearingsl0874 id=l size=2 collection=congrec index=cbhear; United States Congress, Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, Special Subcommittee on Radiation. (1958). The nature of radioactive fallout and its effects on man. Washington: Government Printing Office. Retrieved November 2021 from https://www.heinonline.org/ HOL/Page?handle=hein.cbhear/ cbhearingsl0874 id=18iSize=2 coUection=congrec index=cbhear University of California, Berkeley, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Human mortality database, www.mortality.org UNSCEAR (1988). Sources, effects and risks of ionizing radiation: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation 1988 report to the General Assembly, with annexes. New York: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. UNSCEAR. (1993). Sources and effects of ionizing radiation: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation 1993 report to the General Assembly, with annexes. New York: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. UNSCEAR. (2000). Sources and
effects of ionizing radiation: UNSCEAR 2000 report to the general assembly. New York: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. UNSCEAR. (2008). The Chernobyl accident: UNSCEAR’s assessments of the radiation effects. Retrieved January 2022 from www.unscear.org/unscear/en/chernobyl.html US Congress, House Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations. (1980). Low-level radiation effects on health: Hearings before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, House of Representatives, 96th Congress, 5th session, April 23, May 24, and August 1,1979. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. Vapirev, E. I., Georgiev, G., Jordanov, T., 8í Hristova, A. V. (1996). Estimation of the total fallout of Sr-90 and Cs-137 over the territory of Bulgaria after the Chernobyl accident. Bulgarian Journal of Physics 23(3/4), 129-147. Wedel, J.R. (2001). Collision and collusion: The strange case of western aid to Eastern Europe. New York: St. Martins Press. WHO (2016). 1986-2016: Chernobyl at 30 - An update. Retrieved January 2022 from https:// www.who.int/ionizing_radiation/chernobyl/Chernobyl-update.pdf WHO Regional Office for Europe. European Health for All Database (HFA-DB), www.euro.who.int/hfadb Wikipedia. Chernobyl disaster. Retrieved October 2021 from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Chernobyl_disaster. Wikipedia. Linear no threshold model. Accessed July 2021 at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Linear_no-threshold_model. Wikipedia. Pierre Curie. Accessed January 2022 at
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Curie.
130 — References Wikipedia. Shoe-fitting fluoroscope. Accessed April 2021 at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoefitting_fluoroscope. Wikipedia. Yury Bandazhevsky. Accessed April 2021 at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Yury_Bandazhevsky. Williams, D., Baverstock, K. (2006). Too soon for a final diagnosis: Nature 440, 993-994. Williams, 0. (2002). Cancer after nuclear fallout: Lessons from the Chernobyl accident. Nature Reviews Cancer 2(7), 543. Wing, S., Richardson, D. (2000). Collision of evidence and assumptions: TMI déjà view [letter]. Environmental Health Perspectives 108(12), A546-A547. Wing, S., Richardson, D., Armstrong, D., Crawford-Brown, D. (1997). A réévaluation of cancer incidence near the Three Mile Island nuclear plant: The collision of evidence and assumptions. Environmental Health Perspectives 105(1), 52-57. Yablokov, A. V. Nesterenko, V. B. (2009). Chernobyl contamination through time and space. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1181, 4-30, 14. Yemelyanau, Μ., Amialchuk, A., Ali, Μ. Μ. (2012). Evidence from the Chernobyl nuclear accident: The effect on health, education, and labor market outcomes in Belarus. Journal of Labor Research 33(1), 1-20. Zablotska, L. B., Bazyka, D., Lubin, J. H., et al. (2013). Radiation and the risk of chronic lymphocytic and other leukemias among Chornobyl cleanup workers. Environmental Health Perspectives 121(1), 59 - 65.
Index AEC 51-62, 70, 102 Afghanistan 20 Albania 5, 7, 10-11, 26, 118 alcohol abuse 16-19, 29, 100 alcohol consumption 14, 17-19, 29 alcoholism 17-21 Alexievich, Svetlana 9, 39-40. Armenia 6-7,9-10,29-30,112, 116 Atomic Energy Commission. See AEC Azerbaijan 7,9-10,112,116 Balkans 4, 7,10,17,117 Baltic nations 17, 34-37, 106 Bandazhevsky, Yury 40 Belarus 7, 9,15 - 21, 23 - 26, 29 - 31, 33-41, 43-46, 89-91, 94-97, 99100., 106,112 birth rates 21, 28, 31, 33-37, 106-107. Bordieu, Pierre 13 Brown, Kate 25, 39-40, 61, 92,104 Bulgaria 10-15, 20, 23, 26-27, 34, 104, 106,118 Calabrese, Edward 78-83 cardiovascular disease 32, 47, 96-100, 104, 111 Ceauşescu, Nicolae 10, 20 cesium-137 22-24,26,38-40,81, 85-87, 101, 111 Chernobyl Forum 23, 25-26, 31, 34-35, 38-39, 41, 45-47, 91, 99 Chernobyl nuclear power plant 20, 22, 24, 39, 86. Chornobyl 92, 96. chronology 20, 30, 37 Cockerham, William 3,5,8,13-15,18 Cohort LEB 1 Cold War 51,53-54, 61 communist parties 5,7,11-12,20 controversies 16, 19, 21, 58, 72, 88, 108 Cornia, Giovanni Andrea 3-6,10,12, 15-17, 28 Croatia 10-11,18,26,118 https://doi.org/lO.1515/978311O761788-O22 CVD. See cardiovascular disease Czechoslovakia 3-5, 8,14, 20, 34 Dunning, Gordon Μ. 54-57, 59, 61 East Germany 7,10, 20,118 effects of low-dose radiation 43, 56, 59, 6383, 98, 101 evacuation 25, 39, 42, 99 farms in the United Kingdom 38 food prices 15 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster 22 genocides 2 Georgia 7, 9,112, 116 Gofman, John W. 42, 69-70 Gorbachev, Mikhail 17-18, 20-21, 29, 61 hearings on the nature of radioactive fallout and its effects 55-58 Hiroshima 33, 38,
44, 49-51, 53, 56, 60, 67, 70, 74 - 76, 102, 107 hormesis 63, 66, 75, 77-83 hyperinflation 8 23-26,30,40-41,43-48,89-91, 99-100. inequality, income 14, 28 International Atomic Energy Agency. See IAEA iodine-131 22-23,59,92,96 ionizing radiation 23, 33, 37, 43, 45, 49— 76, 78, 80, 84, 89, 91-93, 95-99,104, 107, 109-111 Italy 18, 22, 33 IAEA Kazakhstan 7, 9, 29, 60,104,112,116 Knapp, Harold 53, 59, 67, 70 Kyrgyzstan 7, 9, 29, 112, 116 Latvia 9 -10,17 -18, 29-30,101,106 ֊ 107, 112,116
132 — Index LEB 1-7, 4-11, 14,18, 29-30, 106,113, 117. leukaemia. See leukemia leukemia 43,47,50,52-56,58,69, 71-74, 76, 81, 93, 96-102 life expectancy at birth. See LEB lifestyles 13,15 linear no-threshold model. See LNT model liquidators 25, 30, 39-40, 44, 46, 92-94, 96-98, 111 Lithuania 9-10, 17-18, 29-30,101, Юб107, 112,116 LNT model 63, 67-68, 73-77, 81, 83 Manhattan project 42, 50, 53, 55 mortality crisis 4 - 6, 8 -13,15 - 21, 28-30,106, 108,112 mortality from fallout of nuclear tests 102-105 mortality rates 1,3-11,29,103-108 Muller, Herman J. 55-56, 67-68, 70 Nagasaki 33,38,49-50,53,60,67, 70 - 71, 74 - 75,102,107 Nesterenko, Vassily B. 24, 36, 38 Netherlands 1-3,101 Nevada Test Site 51-54, 57, 59-60,102 Norway 23, 25-26., 33,102-103 oligarchs 12, 43 Pauling, Linus 53, 58-59, 71 period LEB 1 plutonium 22-23, 61 Poland 10-11, 13-14, 18, 20, 34, 92, 118 poverty 14-15,19,28-29 Pripyat 22, 25, 38 privatization 12,16-17, 20, 43 sex ratio at birth 37,107 shoe-fitting fluoroscope 68 Shrader-Frechette, Kristin 79-82 smoking 14, 16, 63 f., 69, 93 social epidemiology 12 Soviet bloc 3 - 8,12 -14, 16 -18, 20 - 21, 28, 37, 106 Soviet Union. See USSR Spain 1,3,11,18,68-69,101 Spain, civil war 1, 3,11 Stewart, Alice Mary 54, 69,107 stress 9, 13-16, 21, 41, 47, 99, 103 Sweden 1, 23, 25-26., 33, 38-39, 45, 85-88, 92, 95-96 Tajikistan 7,9-10,112,116 Three Mile Island 42, 84 thyroid cancer 15,32,43-47,76,81, 89-94, 96, 98-104 transition from Soviet communism to capital ism 12 transition into a market economy 8 Trinity test 50-51 Turkmenistan 7,9-10,60,112,116 Udall, Stewart Lee 54,
57, 61, 68 Ukraine 9-10,15,18, 20-24, 26, 29-31, 33-34, 36-37, 39-40, 43, 45-46., 60, 76, 89-92, 94, 96-100,104,106, 108, 112 unemployment 15-16 UNSCEAR 23-24,26,39-40,45,74,76, 80, 90-91, 93, 97, 100 USSR 1—26, 28, 33-34., 38-39, 42-44, 53, 60, 67, 92, 98, 100-101,107-108, 112-113 Uzbekistan 7, 9, 60, 104,112, 116 vodka radioactive iodine. See iodine-131 radioactive plume 22 radioactivity. See ionizing radiation Roman ¡a 10 -11,13 -14,18, 20, 23 Russia 2 - 3, 8 - 21, 23 - 24, 26, 28 - 31, 33-34., 36-38, 40, 43-47, 90-91, 94, 96-100, 106, 108,112 18 world flu pandemic 1-2 World War II 1-3,53,64,67 Yablokov, Alexey V. 24, 38 Yeltsin, Boris 12, 21, 28, 43 Yugoslavia 3-5, 7f., 10-11, 13, 26 $ay»?t9ch« I -?юЫЬЙоЙтвк
|
| adam_txt |
Contents Abbreviations----- XV Chapter 1 Introduction----- 1 Chapter 2 Chernobyl — The nuclear disaster----- 22 Chapter 3 Chernobyl and the timing of the mortality crisis — 28 Chapter 4 Birth rates and sex ratios after Chernobyl — 31 Chapter 5 Soviet and post-Soviet cover-up----- 38 Chapter 6 Effects of the radioactive fallout — From early evaluations to the Chernobyl Forum----- 42 Chapter 7 Health effects of ionizing radiation — How knowledge grew out of secrecy — 49 Chapter 8 Effects of low-dose radiation — The LNT model — Hormesis — 63 Chapter 9 Conflicting results of investigations on exposures to low-dose ionizing radiation----- 84 Chapter 10 Thyroid cancer caused by the Chernobyl fallout — 89 Chapter 11 Post-Chernobyl non-thyroid malignancies and other health effects — 93
XIV — Contents Chapter 12 Mortality effects of fallout from nuclear tests —102 Chapter 13 Conclusion----- 106 Appendix A Units for measurement of ionizing radiation —109 Appendix В Gender issues----- 110 Appendix C Data Tables----- 114 References----- 119 Index----- 131
References Ad hoc Working Group, US Department of Health Human Services, Public Health Service, NIH, (1985). Report of the NIH ad hoc working group to develop radioepidemiological tables - NIH publication no. 85-2748. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. Alexievich, S. (2017). Second-hand time (B. Shayevich Trans.). New York: Random House. Alexievich, S. (2019). Voices from Chernobyl: The oral history of a nuclear disaster (K. Gessen Trans.). Champaign, IL: Dalkey Archive Press. Alinaghizadeh, H., Tondel, Μ., Walinder, R. (2014). Cancer incidence in northern Sweden before and after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident. Radiation Environmental Biophysics, 53, 495-504. Alinaghizadeh, H., Wålinder, R., Vingård, E., Tondel, M. (2016). Total cancer incidence in relation to 137Cs fallout in the most contaminated counties in Sweden after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident: A register-based study. BMJ Open, 6(12), Є011924. Almond, D., Edlund, L„ Palme, Μ. (2009). Chernobyl’s subclinical legacy: Prenatal exposure to radioactive fallout and school outcomes in Sweden. Quarterly Journal of Economics 124(4), 1729-1772. Altman, D. G., Bland, J. Μ. (1995). Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence. BMJ 326(7401), 1267. Andreev, E., Bogoyavlensky, D., Stickley, A. (2013). Comparing alcohol mortality in tsarist and contemporary russia: Is the current situation historically unique? Alcohol and Alcoholism 48(2), 215-221. Anonymous (2009). Ex-communist reform: Mass murder and the market. The Economist, Jan 22. Archer, V. E. (1977). Occupational exposure to
radiation as a cancer hazard. Cancer 34 (4 Supp), 1802-1806. Arms Control Association.The nuclear testing tally. Retrieved March 2022 from www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/nucleartesttally Asuka, J., Park, S., Nishimura, Μ. Morotomi, T. (2014). Reply to the letter from Dr. Hansen and others: Nuclear power is not the answer to climate change mitigation. Retrieved April 2022 from www.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/labs/china/asuka/_src/2014/nuclear_powerclimate_change_enver2.pdf Axelrod, D., Burns, K., Davis, D., von Larebeke, N. (2004). “Hormesis”—An inappropriate extrapolation from the specific to the universal. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health 10(3), 335-339. Azarova, A., Irdam, D., Gugushvili, A. et al. (2017). The effect of rapid privatisation on mortality in mono-industrial towns in post-soviet Russia: A retrospective cohort study. Lancet Public Health 2(5), e231-e238. Baldwin, J., Grantham, V. (2015). Radiation hormesis: Historical and current perspectives. Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology 43(4), 242-246. Ball, H. (1986). Downwind from the bomb. The New York Times Magazine Feb. 9, 33. Bard, D., Verger, P., Hubert, P. (1997). Chernobyl, 10 years after: Health consequences. Epidemiologic Reviews 19(2), 187-204. Baverstock, K., 8i Williams, D. (2006). The Chernobyl accident 20 years on: An assessment of the health consequences and the international response. Environmental Health Perspectives 114,1312-1317. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110761788-021
120 — References Berkman, L F., Kawachi, I., Glymour, Μ. Μ. (Eds.) (2014). Social epidemiology (2nd ed.). Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press. Beyea, J. (2017). Lessons to be learned from a contentious challenge to mainstream radiobiological science (the linear no-threshold theory of genetic mutations). Environmental Research 154, 362-379. Bhattacharya, J., Gathmann, C., Miller, G. (2013). The Gorbachev anti-alcohol campaign and Russia’s mortality crisis. American Economic Journal Applied Economics 5(2), 232-260. Black, S.E., Bütikofer, A., Devereux, P. J., Salvanes, K. G. (2019). This is only a test? Longrun and intergenerational impacts of prenatal exposure to radioactive fallout. Review of Economics and Statistics 101(3), 531-546. Blitz, Μ. (2016). When Kodak accidentally discovered A-bomb testing—Two thousand miles away from the U.S. A-bomb tests in 1945, something weird was happening to Kodak’s film. Popular Mechanics (June 20). Bochud, F. Jung T. (2012), Comment on “The human sex odds at birth after the atmospheric atomic bomb tests, after Chernobyl, and in the vicinity of nuclear facilities”. Environ mental Science and Pollution Research 19:2456-2459. Bonita, R., Beaglehole, R., Kjelstroem, T. (2008). Basic epidemiology (2nd, corrected print out ed.). Geneva: World Health Organization. Booth, C. (2020). Astonishing drinking sessions and epic hangovers in the world’s booziest nation. The Telegraph, January 28. Brainerd, E., Cutler, D. Μ. (2005). Autopsy on an empire: Understanding mortality in Russia and the former Soviet Union. Journal of Economic Perspectives
19(1), 107-130. Brenner, A. V., Tranko, M. D., Hatch, Μ. et al. (2012). 1-131 dose response for incident thyroid cancers in Ukraine related to the Chornobyl accident. Environmental Health Perspectives 119(8), A332. Brenner, D. J., Doll, R., Goodhead, D. T. et al. (2003). Cancer risks attributable to low doses of ionizing radiation: Assessing what we really know. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 100(24), 13761. Brodie, J. F. (2015). Radiation secrecy and censorship after Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Journal of Social History 48(4), 842-864. Brown, K. (2019). Manual for survival - A Chernobyl guide to the future. New York: Norton. Brown, K. (2013). Plutopia: Nuclear families, atomic cities, and the great Soviet and American plutonium disasters. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Calabrese, E. J. (2005). Historical blunders: How toxicology got the dose-response relationship half right. Cellular and Molecular Biology 51(7), 643-654. Calabrese, E. J. (2008). Astrocytes: Adaptive responses to low doses of neurotoxins. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 38(5), 463-471. Calabrese, E. J. Baldwin, L. A. (1999). The marginalization of hormesis. Toxicological Pathology 27(2), 187-194. Calabrese, E. J„ Baldwin, L. A. (2001). The frequency of U-shaped dose responses in the toxicological literature. Toxicological Sciences 62(2), 330-338. Calabrese, E. J., Baldwin, L. A. (2001). Hormesis: A generalizable and unifying hypothesis. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 31(4- 5), 353-424. Calabrese, E. J., Baldwin, L. A. (2002). Defining hormesis. Human Experimental Toxicology 21(2),
91-97. doi:10.1191/0960327102ht217oa
References — 121 Calabrese, E. J., Baldwin, L. A. (2003). Toxicology rethinks its central belief. Nature 421(6924), 691-692. Cardis, E., Howe, R„ Bebeshko, V., Bogdanova, T. et al. (2006). Cancer consequences of the Chernobyl accident: 20 years on. Journal of Radiological Protection 26(2), 127-140. Cardis, E., Krewski, D., Boniol, Μ., Drozdovitch, V. et al. (2006). Estimates of the cancer burden in Europe from radioactive fallout from the Chernobyl accident. International Journal of Cancer, 119(6), 1224-1235. Case, A., Deaton, D. (2015). Rising morbidity and mortality in midlife among white non Hispanic Americans in the 21st century. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 112(49), 15078-15083. Chernobyl Forum (2006). Chernobyl’s legacy: Health, environmental and socio-economic impacts, and recommendations to the governments of Belarus, the Russian federation and Ukraine. Vienna: IAEA. Clifford, C. (2022). Why the U.S. government plans to spend billions to keep money-losing nuclear plants open. CNBC, Feb 17. Retrieved March 2022 from www.cnbc.com/2022/02/ 17/the-us-is-spending-billions-to-keep-money-losing-nuclear-plants-open.html. Cockerham, W. C. (Ed.) (1999). Health and social change in Russia and Eastern Europe. New York: Routledge. Cornar, C. L. (1963). Fallout from nuclear tests. Oak Ridge, TN: US Atomic Energy Commission. Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization. 27 January 1951: The first of 904 nuclear tests conducted at the nevada nuclear test site. Retrieved March 2022 from www.ctbto.org/specials/who-we-are/ Cornia, G. A., Panicela,
R. (Eds.) (2000). The mortality crisis in transitional economies. New York: Oxford University Press. Cox, R., Muirhead, C. R., Stather, J. W., Edwards, A. A., Little, M. P. (1995). Risk of radiation-induced cancer at low doses and low dose ratesfor radiation protection purposes. Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire: National Radiological Protection Board, UK. Danzer, A. Μ., Danzer, N. (2016). The long-run consequences of Chernobyl: Evidence on subjective well-being, mental health and welfare. Journal of Public Economics 135, 47-60. Davis, S., Day, R., Kopecký, К., Mahoney, et al. International Consortium For Research On The Health Effects Of Radiation. Writing Committee and Study Team (2005). Childhood leukaemia in Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine following the Chernobyl power station accident: Results from an international collaborative population-based case-control study. International Journal of Epidemiology 35(2), 386-396. doi:10.1093/ije/dyi220 De Geer, L., Persson, C., Rodhe, H. (2018). A nuclear jet at Chernobyl around 21:23:45 UTC on April 25,1986. Nuclear Technology 201(1), 11-22. de Vries, H., Waterbolk, H. T. (1958). Groningen radiocarbon dates III. Science 128(3338), 1550-1556. Dei, A. (2017), Hormesis and homeopathy—Toward a new self-consciousness. Dose-Response 15(4), 1-4. Delongchamp, R. R., Mabuchi, K., Yoshimoto, Y., Preston, D. L. (1997). Cancer mortality among atomic bomb survivors exposed in utero or as young children, October 1950-May 1992. Radiation Research 147(3), 385-395. Dikov, I. (2018). How Bulgaria’s communist regime hid the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster
from the public protecting only itself, paxglocalica.com/2018/04/26/how-bulgarias-
122 — References communist-regime-hid-the-1986-chernobyl-nuclear-disaster-from-the-public-protectingonly-itself-written-for-archaeologyinbulgaria-com. Accessed February 2022. Doll, R., Hill, A. B. (1950). Smoking and carcinoma of the lung. British Medical Journal 2(4682), 739-748. Dunning, G. Μ. (1955). Protecting the public during weapons testing at the Nevada test site. JAMA 158(11), 900-904. Elliott, K. C. (2000). A case for caution: An evaluation of Calabrese and Baldwin’s studies of chemical hormesis. Risk 11(2), 176-196. Fabricant, ). I. (1981). The BEIR-111 Report: Origin of the controversy. American Journal of Roentgenology 136, 209-214.Fabrikant, ). I. (1987). The Chernobyl disaster: An international perspective. Industrial Crisis Quarterly, 1(4), 2-12. Fabrikant, J. I. (1991). The carcinogenic risks of low-LET and high-LET ionizing radiations. Journal of Radiation Research 32(2), 143-164. Faden, R. (1996). The advisory committee on human radiation experiments: Reflections on a presidential commission. The Hastings Center Report 26(5), 5-10. Fairlie, I., Sumner, D. (2006). The other report on Chernobyl (TORCH) - An independent scientific evaluation of the health-related effects of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster with critical analyses ofrecent IAEA/WH0 reports. Greens/EFA in the European Parliament. Retrieved February 2022 from cricket.biol.sc.edu/chernobyl/papers/TORCH.pdf FDA. Fluoroscopy. Retrieved January 2022 from www.fda.gov/radiation-emitting-products/ medical-x-ray-imaging/fluoroscopy Feynman, R. P. (1998). The meaning of it all - Toughts of a citizen
scientist. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley. Foner, E. (2006). Give me liberty! An American history. New York: W.W. Norton. Fradkin, P. L (1989). Fallout: An American nuclear tragedy. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. Galea, S. (Ed.). (2007). Macrosocial determinants of population health. New York: Springer. Gofman, J. W. (1990). Chapter 37 - Assessing Chernobyl’s cancer consequences: Application of four ’Laws’ of radiation carcinogenesis. Paper presented at the symposium on low- level radiation, national meeting of the American Chemical Society, September 9,1986. In E. O’Connor (Ed.), Radiation-induced cancer from low-dose exposure: An independent analysis. San Francisco: Committee for Nuclear Responsibility. Gofman, J. W. (1996). Preventing breast cancer: The story of a major, proven, preventable cause of this disease. San Francisco: Committee for Nuclear Responsibility. Goldman, Μ., Catlin, R. J., Anspaugh, L. (1987). Health and environmental consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident (D0E/ER-0332 NTIS). Springfield. VA: US Department of Energy. Grech, V. (2014). The Chernobyl accident, the male to female ratio at birth and birth rates. Acta Medica 57(2):62-67. Greene, G. (2011). Richard Doll and Alice Stewart: Reputation and the shaping of scientific “truth”. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 54(A), 504-31. Greene, G. (2017). The woman who knew too much: Alice Stewart and the secrets of radiation (2nd ed.). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. Grigoriev, P., Andreev, E. Μ. (2015). The huge reduction in adult male mortality in Belarus and Russia:
Is it attributable to anti-alcohol measures? PLoS One 10(9), e0138021.
References — 123 Hatch, M. C., Beyea, )., Nieves, J. W., Susser, Μ. (1990). Cancer near the Three Mile Island nudear plant: Radiation emissions. American Journal of Epidemiology 132(3), 392-412. Hatch, Μ., Susser, Μ., Beyea, J. (1997). Comments on “A réévaluation of cancer incidence near the Three Mile Island nuclear plant”. Environmental Health Perspectives 105(1), 12. Hatch, Μ. C., Wallenstein, S., Beyea, )., Nieves, J. W., Susser, Μ. (1991). Cancer rates after the Three Mile Island nuclear accident and proximity of residence to the plant. American Journal of Public Health 81(6), 719 -724. Hatch, Μ., Ostroumova, E„ Brenner, A., Federenko, Z. et al. (2015). Non-thyroid cancer in northern Ukraine in the post-Chernobyl period: Short report. Cancer Epidemiology 39(3), 279-283. Hatch, Μ., Cardis, E. (2017). Somatic health effects of Chernobyl: 30 years on. European Journal of Epidemiology 32(12), 1047-1054. Haynes, Μ., Husan, R. (2003). A century of state murder? Death and policy in twentieth century Russia. London: Pluto Press. Healio Hematology-Oncology. The shoe fitting fluoroscope, a little-known application of the X ray. Accessed April 2021 at www.healio.com/news/hematology-oncology/20120325/theshoe-fitting-fluoroscope-a-little-known-application-of-the-x-ray. Hoffmann, W. (2002). Has fallout from the Chernobyl accident caused childhood leukaemia in Europe? A commentary on the epidemiologic evidence. European Journal of Public Health 12(1), 72-76. Honicker, C. T. (1987), Premeditated deceit: The Atomic Energy Commission against Joseph August Sauter. Dissertation for MA in
Sociology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Accessed February 2022 at trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4939/. Hunnicutt, T., Scheyderand, E.U.S. ban on Russian energy imports does not include uranium. Reuters, March 8, 2022. Retrieved April 2022 from www.reuters.com/business/ energy/us-ban-russian-energy-imports-doesnt-include-uranium-source-2022-03-08/ IAEA (1991). The international Chernobyl project: Assessment of radiological consequences and evaluation of protective measures - Report by an international advisory committee. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency. IAEA (1996). After Chernobyl: What do we really know? Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency. IAEA (2006). Environmental consequences of the Chernobyl accident and their remediation: Twenty years of experience - Report of the Chernobyl Forum expert group “Environment”. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency. Ingram, Μ., Mason, W. B., Whipple, G. H., 8í Howland, J. W. (1952). Biological effects of ionizing radiation - Sponsored by the US atomic energy commission [Declassified 3/15/ 13]. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester. Retrieved December 2021 from https:// www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/4389333 Ivanov, V. K. (2007). Late cancer and noncancer risks among Chernobyl emergency workers of Russia. Health Physics 93(5), 470 - 479. Izrael, Y. A., De Cort, Μ., Jones, A. R., Nazarov, I. Μ. et al. (1996). The atlas of caesium-137 contamination of Europe after the Chernobyl accident. In A. Karaoglou, G. Desmet, G. N. Kelly H. G. Menze (Eds.), The radiological consequences of the Chernobyl accident
Proceedings of the first international conference, Minsk, Belarus, March 18-22, 1996 (pp. 1-10). Brussels: European Union.
124 — References Jacobson, M, Z. (2021a). 100% clean, renewable energy and storage for everything. New York: Cambridge University Press. Jacobson, Μ. Z. (2021b). The 7 reasons why nuclear energy is not the answer to solve climate change. Retrieved April 2022 from eu.boell.org/en/2021/04/26/7-reasons-why-nuclearenergy-not-answer-solve-climate-change Jargin, S. (2011). Thyroid cancer after Chernobyl: Obfuscated truth. Dose-Response 9, 471-476. Jargin, S. V. (2014). Letter to the editor: On the radiation-leukemia dose-response relationship among recovery workers after the Chernobyl accident. Dose-Response 12(1), 162-165. Jaworowski, Z. (2010). Observations on the Chernobyl disaster and LNT. Dose-Response 8(2), 148-171. Joyce, C. WBUR news: Challenges loom large, 25 years after Chernobyl (April 26, 2011). Retrieved February 2021 from www.wbur.org/npr/135705270/challenges-loom-large-25years-after-chernobyl Kashcheev, V. V., Chekin, S. Y., Maksioutov, Μ. A., et al. (2015). Incidence and mortality of solid cancer among emergency workers of the Chernobyl accident: Assessment of radiation risks for the follow-up period of 1992-2009. Radiation and Environmental Biophysics 54(1), 13 - 23. Kesminiene, A., Evrard, A., Ivanov, V. K., Malakhova, 1. V. et al. (2012). Risk of thyroid cancer among Chernobyl liquidators. Radiation Research 178(5), 425-436. Kirsch, S. (2004). Harold Knapp and the geography of normal controversy: Radioiodine in the historical environment. Osiris 19, 167-181. Kitchin, K. T., 8i Drane, J. W. (2005). A critique of the use of hormesis in risk assessment. Human
Experimental Toxicology 24(5), 249-253. Knapp, H. (1964), lodine-131 in fresh milk and human thyroids following а single deposition of nuclear test fall-out, Nature 202(4932), 534-537. Knoll, G. F. (2010). Radiation detection and measurement (4th ed.). Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley. Kulakov, V. I., Sokur, T. N. Volobuev et al. (1993). Female reproductive function in areas affected by radiation after the Chernobyl power station accident. Environmental Health Perspectives 101,117-123. Kunitz, S. (1994). The value of particularism in the study of the cultural, social and behavioral determinants of mortality. In L. C. Chen, A. Kleinman N. C. Ware (Eds.), Health and social change in international perspective (pp. 225-250). Boston: Harvard School of Public Health. Kunitz, S. J. (2006). The health of populations - General theories and particular realities. New York: Oxford University Press. Lehmann, H., Wadsworth, J. (2011). The impact of Chernobyl on health and labour market performance. Journal of Health Economics 30(5), 843-857. Lifton, R. J., Mitchell, G. (1995). Hiroshima in America: Fifty years of denial. New York: Putnam. Lim, H„ Devesa, S. S., Sosa, J. A., Check, D., Kitahara, C. Μ. (2017). Trends in thyroid cancer incidence and mortality in the United States, 1974-2013. /4ЛМ 317(13), 1338-1348. Little, Μ. P., Azizova, T. V., Bazyka, D. et al. (2012). Systematic review and meta-analysis of circulatory disease from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation and estimates of
References — 125 potential population mortality risks. Environmental Health Perspectives 120(11), 1503-1511. Liubarets, T. F., Shibata, Y., Saenko, V. A., et al. (2019). Childhood leukemia in Ukraine after the Chornobyl accident. Radiation and Environmental Biophysics 58(4), 553-562. Macalister, T., Carter, H. (2009). Britain’s farmers still restricted by Chernobyl nuclear fallout - Environmentalists say controls on 369 farms highlight danger of plans to build nuclear plants around UK. The Guardian, May 13. Mackenbach, J. P. (2013). Political conditions and life expectancy in Europe, 1900-2008 Social Science Medicine 82,134-146. Mahaffey, J. A. (2014). Atomic accidents: A history of nuclear meltdowns and disasters: From the Ozark mountains to Fukushima. New York: Pegasus Books. Marino, F., Nunziata, L. (2018). Long-term consequences of the Chernobyl radioactive fallout: An exploration of the aggregate data. Milbank Quarterly 96(4), 814-857. Marples, D. R. (1996). The decade of despair. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 52(3), 20-31. Mastauskas, A., Nedvecktaite, T., Filistovic, V. (1997). Consequences of the Chernobyl accident in lithuania. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA): Retrieved December 2021 from http://inis.iaea.org/search/search. aspx?orig_q=RN:29013363 Mattson, Μ. P. (2008). Hormesis defined. Ageing Research Review7(1), 1-7. Meyers, K. (2019). In the shadow of the mushroom cloud: Nuclear testing, radioactive fallout, and damage to U.S. agriculture, 1945 to 1970. Journal of Economic History 79(1), 244 - 274. Meyers, K. (2022). Some unintended fallout from
defense policy: Measuring the effect of atmospheric nuclear testing on American mortality patterns [Working Paper, University of Southern Denmark, February 7]. Earlier draft available at squarespace.com/static/ 59262540b3db2b0d0d6d7d2b/t/5c81809a419202f922f0cfa4/1551990940274/ FalloutMortDraft_3 - 5 - 2019.pdf Michaelis, )., Haaf, H. G., Zöllner, J., Kaatsch, P., Krummenauer, F., Berthold, F. (1996). Case control study of neuroblastoma in West Germany after the Chernobyl accident. Klinische Pädiatrie 208W, 172-178. Moysich, К. В., Menezes, R. J., Michalek, A. M. (2002). Chernobyl-related ionising radiation exposure and cancer risk: An epidemiological review. Lancet Oncology 3(5), 269-279. Mushak, P. (2007). Hormesis and its place in nonmonotonic dose-response relationships: Some scientific reality checks. Environmental Health Perspectives 15(4), 500-506. NAS-NRC, National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council (1960). The biological effects of atomic radiation - Summary report. Washington DC: NAS/NSR. National Research Council (1990). Health effects of exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation: BEÍR 1Հ Washington, DC: National Academies Press. National Research Council (2006). Health risks from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation: BEÍR Vil phase 2. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. National Research Council, (n.d.). BEÍR VII: Health risks from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation - report in brief. Retrieved November 2021 from dels.nas.edu/ resources/static-assets/materials-based-on-reports/reports-in-brief/beir_vii_final.pdf
Nesterenko, A. B., Nesterenko, V. B., Yablokov, A. V. (2009). Consequences of the Chernobyl catastrophe for public health. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1181, 31-220.
126 — References Nesterenko, V. В., Yablokov, A. V. (2009). Chernobyl contamination: An overview. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1181, 4-30. Nussbaum, R. H., Kohnlein, W. (1994). Inconsistencies and open questions regarding lowdose health effects of ionizing radiation. Environmental Health Perspectives 102(8), 656-667. Ostroumova, E., Hatch, Μ., Brenner, A., et al. (2016). Non-thyroid cancer incidence in Belarusian residents exposed to Chernobyl fallout in childhood and adolescence: Standardized incidence ratio analysis, 1997-2011. Environmental Research 147, 44-49. Parker, S. P. (1984). McGraw-hill dictionary of physics. New York: McGraw-Hill. Parsons, Μ. A. (2014). Dying unneeded: The cultural context of the Russian mortality crisis. Nashvile: Vanderbilt University Press. Pauling, L. (1983). No more war! [1st ed. 1958]. New York: Dodd, Mead. Peplow, Μ. (2006). Counting the dead: Twenty years after the worst nuclear accident in history, arguments over the death toll of Chernobyl are as politically charged as ever. Nature 440(7087), 982-983. Petridou, E., Trichopoulos, D., Dessypris, N. et al. (1997). Infant leukaemia after in utero exposure to radiation from Chernobyl. Nature 387(6630), 246. Petridou, E., Proukakis, C., Tong, et al. D. (1994). Trends and geographical distribution of childhood leukemia in Greece in relation to the Chernobyl accident. Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine 22(2), 127-131. Pitkevitch, V. A., Ivanov, V. K., Tsyb, A. F. et al. (1997). Exposure levels for persons involved in recovery operations after the Chernobyl accident:
Statistical analysis based on the data of the Russian National Medical and Dosimetric Registry. Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, 36(3), 149-160. Plokhy, S. (2019). The Chernobyl cover-up: How officials botched evacuating an irradiated city. Retrieved October 2021 from www.history.com/news/chernobyl-disaster-coverup. Poch, R. (2017). La disolución de la URSS. La Vanguardia (Barcelona), December 6. Pohl-Rüling, J., Haas, 0. A., Obe, G. et al. (1990). The Chernobyl fallout In Salzburg, Austria, and its effect on blood chromosomes. Acta Biologica Hungarica 41(1-3), 215-222. Poledňák, A. D. (1978). Bone cancer among female radium dial workers - Latency periods and incidence rates by time after exposure. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 60(1), 77-82. Pukkala, E., Kesminiene, A., Poliakov et al. (2006). Breast cancer in Belarus and Ukraine after the Chernobyl accident. International Journal of Cancer 119(3), 651-658. Radiopaedia. Thomas Edison. Accessed January 2022 at radiopaedia.org/articles/thomasedison/changesets/307845/edits?lang=us. Revkin, A. C. (2013). Dot earth: ‘To those influencing environmental policy but opposed to nuclear power’. November 3. Retrieved March 2022 from https:// dotearth, blogs.nytimes.com/2013/ll/03/to-those-influencing-environmental-policy-butopposed-to-nuclear-power/ Rice, J. (2015). Downwind of the atomic state: US continental atmospheric testing, radioactive fallout, and organizational deviance, 1951-1962. Social Science History 39(A), 647-676. Ricarte-Filho I. C., Li, S., Garcia-Rendueles, Μ. E. R. et al. (2013). Identification of
kinase fusion oncogenes in post-Chernobyl radiation-induced thyroid cancers. Journal of Clinical Investigation 123(11), 4935-4944. Richmond, C. (2002). Alice Mary Stewart. BMJ 325(7355), 106-106.
References — 127 Ringholz, R. C. (2002). Uranium frenzy: Saga of the nuclear west. Logan, Utah: Utah State University Press. Riphahn, R. T., Zimmermann, K. F. (2000). The mortality crisis in East Germany. In G. A. Cornia, R. Paniccià (Eds.), The mortality crisis in transitional economies (pp. 227-252). New York: Oxford University Press. Rodgers, B. E., Holmes, K. Μ. (2008). Radio-adaptive response to environmental exposures at Chernobyl. Dose-Response 6(2), 209-221. Rosefield, S. (2001). Premature deaths: Russia’s radical economic transition in Soviet perspective. Europe-Asia Studies 53(8), 1159-1176. Roszkowska, H., 8i Goryński, P. (2004). [Thyroid cancer in Poland in 1980-2000] [in Polish]. Przeglgd Epidemiologiczny 58(2), 369-76. Russell, W. L., Russell, L. B., Kelly, E. Μ. (1958). Radiation dose rate and mutation frequency. Science 128(3338), 1546-1550. Sachs, J. D. (2009). Shock therapy’ had no adverse effect on life expectancy in Eastern Europe. Financial Times Jan 19. Sacks, B., Meyerson, G., Siegel, J. A. (2016). Epidemiology without biology: False paradigms, unfounded assumptions, and specious statistics in radiation science (with commentaries by Inge Schmitz-Feuerhake and Christopher Busby and a reply by the authors). Biological Theory 11, 69-101. Sagan, L. A. (1987). What is hormesis and why haven’t we heard about it before? Health Physics 52(5), 521-525. Samet, J. Μ., de Gonzalez, A. B., Dauer, L. T., Hatch, Μ., Kosti, 0., Mettler, J.,Fred A., Satyamitra, Μ. Μ. (2018). Gilbert W. Beebe symposium on 30 years after the Chernobyl accident: Current and future
studies on radiation health effects. Radiation Research 189(1), 5-18. Satter, D. (2017). The less you know, the better you sleep: Russia’s road to terror and dictatorship under Yeltsin and Putin. New Haven: Yale University Press. Schmemann, S. (1986). Soviet announces nuclear accident at electric plant. New York Times, April 29, А1-А6. Scherb, H. Voigt, K. (2011). The human sex odds at birth after the atmospheric atomic bomb tests, after Chernobyl, and in the vicinity of nuclear facilities. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 18:697-707 Scherb, H. Voigt, K. (2012). Response to F. Bochud and T. Jung. Environmental Science Pollution Research 19:4234-4241. Shrader-Frechette, K. (2008). Ideological toxicology: Invalid logic, science, ethics about lowdose pollution. Human Experimental Toxicology 27(8), 647-657. Shrader-Frechette, K. (2012). Research integrity and conflicts of interest: The case of unethical research-misconduct charges filed by Edward Calabrese. Accountability in Research 19(4), 220-242. Siegel, J. A., Sacks, B., Greenspan, B. S. (2018). There is no evidence to support the Linear No-Threshold model of radiation carcinogenesis. Journal of Nuclear Medicine 59(12), 1918. Simon, S. L., Bouville, A., Land, C. E. (2006). Fallout from nuclear weapons tests and cancer risks: Exposures 50 years ago still have health implications today that will continue into the future. American Scientist 94(1), 48 - 57.
128 — References Simons, Μ. (1993). Soviet atom test used thousands as guinea pigs, archives show. New York Times, Nov. 7, pp. 1 20. Retrieved January 2022 from www.nytimes.com/1993/ll/07/ world/soviet-atom-test-used-thousands-as-guinea-pigs-archives-show.html Sofia Globe staff (2020). Bulgaria, April 1986: The Chernobyl cover-up. The Sofia Globe April 26. Accessed February 2022 sofiaglobe.com/2020/04/26/bulgaria-april-1986-thechernobyl-cover-up/. Sterling, P., Platt, Μ. L. (2022). Why deaths of despair are increasing in the US and not other industrial Nations—Insights from neuroscience and anthropology. JAMA Psychiatry 79(4), 368 - 374. Stevens, W., Thomas, D. C., Lyon, J. L. et al. (1990). Leukemia in Utah and radioactive fallout from the Nevada test site: A case-control study. Journal of the American Medical Association 264(94), 585-591. Stillman, S. (2006). Health and nutrition in eastern europe and the former soviet union during the decade of transition: A review of the literature. Economics Human Biology 4(1), 104-146. Stsjazhko, V. A., Tsyb, A. F., Tronko, N. D., Souchkevitch, G., Baverstock, K. F. (1995). Childhood thyroid cancer since accident at Chernobyl [letter]. BMJ 310(6982), 801. Stuckler, D., Basu, S. (2013). How austerity kills. New York Times, May 13, A19. Stuckler, D., King, L., McKee, Μ. (2009). Mass privatization and the post-communist mortality crisis. Lancet, 373, 399-407. Suddath, C. (2010). A brief history of Russians and vodka. Time January 5. Retrieved January 2022 from web.arch¡ve.org/web/20100525170240/http://www.t¡me.com/time/world/
article/0%2C8599%2C1951620%2C00.html Svendsen, E. R., Kolpakov, I. E., Stepanova, Y. I. et al. (2010). 137Cesium exposure and spirometry measures in Ukrainian children affected by the Chernobyl nuclear incident. Environmental Health Perspectives 118(5), 720-725. Talbott, E. 0., Youk, A. 0., McHugh, K. P., et al (2000a). Mortality among the residents of the Three Mile Island accident area: 1979-1992. Environmental Health Perspectives 108(6), 545-552. Talbott, E. 0., Youk, A. 0., McHugh, K. P., et al (2000b). Re: “Collision of evidence and assumptions: TMI déjà view” [letter]. Environmental Health Perspectives 108(12), A547A549. Tapia Granados, J. A. (2013). Repression, famines, and wars: Major impacts of politics on population health. Social Science Medicine 86,103-106. Tomka, B. (2013). A social history of twentieth-century Europe. New York: Routledge. Tomonaga, Μ. (1962). Leukaemia in Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors from 1945 through 1959. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 26(5), 619-631. Tondel, Μ., Lindgren, P., Hjalmarsson, P., Hardell, Լ., Persson, B. (2006). Increased incidence of malignancies in Sweden after the Chernobyl accident - A promoting effect? American Journal of Industrial Medicine 49(3), 159-68. Tondel, Μ., Hjalmarsson, P., Hardell, L., Carlsson, G., Axelson, О. (2004). Increase of regional total cancer incidence in north Sweden due to the Chernobyl accident? Journal of Epidemiology Community Health 58,1011. Truman, H. S. President Harry Truman announces the bombing of Hiroshima. Retrieved November 2021 from www.youtube.com/watch?v=FN_UJJ9ObDs
References —— 129 Udall, S. (1994). The myths of August: A personal exploration of our tragic Cold War affair with the atom. New York: Pantheon/Random House. United States Congress, Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, Special Subcommittee on Radiation. (1957). Summary-analysis of hearings may 27-29, and june 3 -7, 1957, The nature of radioactive fallout and its effects on man. Washington: Government Printing Office. Retrieved November 2021 from https://www.heinonline.org/HOL/Page? handle=hein.cbhear/cbhearingsl0874 id=l size=2 collection=congrec index=cbhear; United States Congress, Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, Special Subcommittee on Radiation. (1958). The nature of radioactive fallout and its effects on man. Washington: Government Printing Office. Retrieved November 2021 from https://www.heinonline.org/ HOL/Page?handle=hein.cbhear/ cbhearingsl0874 id=18iSize=2 coUection=congrec index=cbhear University of California, Berkeley, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Human mortality database, www.mortality.org UNSCEAR (1988). Sources, effects and risks of ionizing radiation: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation 1988 report to the General Assembly, with annexes. New York: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. UNSCEAR. (1993). Sources and effects of ionizing radiation: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation 1993 report to the General Assembly, with annexes. New York: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. UNSCEAR. (2000). Sources and
effects of ionizing radiation: UNSCEAR 2000 report to the general assembly. New York: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. UNSCEAR. (2008). The Chernobyl accident: UNSCEAR’s assessments of the radiation effects. Retrieved January 2022 from www.unscear.org/unscear/en/chernobyl.html US Congress, House Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations. (1980). Low-level radiation effects on health: Hearings before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, House of Representatives, 96th Congress, 5th session, April 23, May 24, and August 1,1979. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. Vapirev, E. I., Georgiev, G., Jordanov, T., 8í Hristova, A. V. (1996). Estimation of the total fallout of Sr-90 and Cs-137 over the territory of Bulgaria after the Chernobyl accident. Bulgarian Journal of Physics 23(3/4), 129-147. Wedel, J.R. (2001). Collision and collusion: The strange case of western aid to Eastern Europe. New York: St. Martins Press. WHO (2016). 1986-2016: Chernobyl at 30 - An update. Retrieved January 2022 from https:// www.who.int/ionizing_radiation/chernobyl/Chernobyl-update.pdf WHO Regional Office for Europe. European Health for All Database (HFA-DB), www.euro.who.int/hfadb Wikipedia. Chernobyl disaster. Retrieved October 2021 from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Chernobyl_disaster. Wikipedia. Linear no threshold model. Accessed July 2021 at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Linear_no-threshold_model. Wikipedia. Pierre Curie. Accessed January 2022 at
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Curie.
130 — References Wikipedia. Shoe-fitting fluoroscope. Accessed April 2021 at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoefitting_fluoroscope. Wikipedia. Yury Bandazhevsky. Accessed April 2021 at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Yury_Bandazhevsky. Williams, D., Baverstock, K. (2006). Too soon for a final diagnosis: Nature 440, 993-994. Williams, 0. (2002). Cancer after nuclear fallout: Lessons from the Chernobyl accident. Nature Reviews Cancer 2(7), 543. Wing, S., Richardson, D. (2000). Collision of evidence and assumptions: TMI déjà view [letter]. Environmental Health Perspectives 108(12), A546-A547. Wing, S., Richardson, D., Armstrong, D., Crawford-Brown, D. (1997). A réévaluation of cancer incidence near the Three Mile Island nuclear plant: The collision of evidence and assumptions. Environmental Health Perspectives 105(1), 52-57. Yablokov, A. V. Nesterenko, V. B. (2009). Chernobyl contamination through time and space. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1181, 4-30, 14. Yemelyanau, Μ., Amialchuk, A., Ali, Μ. Μ. (2012). Evidence from the Chernobyl nuclear accident: The effect on health, education, and labor market outcomes in Belarus. Journal of Labor Research 33(1), 1-20. Zablotska, L. B., Bazyka, D., Lubin, J. H., et al. (2013). Radiation and the risk of chronic lymphocytic and other leukemias among Chornobyl cleanup workers. Environmental Health Perspectives 121(1), 59 - 65.
Index AEC 51-62, 70, 102 Afghanistan 20 Albania 5, 7, 10-11, 26, 118 alcohol abuse 16-19, 29, 100 alcohol consumption 14, 17-19, 29 alcoholism 17-21 Alexievich, Svetlana 9, 39-40. Armenia 6-7,9-10,29-30,112, 116 Atomic Energy Commission. See AEC Azerbaijan 7,9-10,112,116 Balkans 4, 7,10,17,117 Baltic nations 17, 34-37, 106 Bandazhevsky, Yury 40 Belarus 7, 9,15 - 21, 23 - 26, 29 - 31, 33-41, 43-46, 89-91, 94-97, 99100., 106,112 birth rates 21, 28, 31, 33-37, 106-107. Bordieu, Pierre 13 Brown, Kate 25, 39-40, 61, 92,104 Bulgaria 10-15, 20, 23, 26-27, 34, 104, 106,118 Calabrese, Edward 78-83 cardiovascular disease 32, 47, 96-100, 104, 111 Ceauşescu, Nicolae 10, 20 cesium-137 22-24,26,38-40,81, 85-87, 101, 111 Chernobyl Forum 23, 25-26, 31, 34-35, 38-39, 41, 45-47, 91, 99 Chernobyl nuclear power plant 20, 22, 24, 39, 86. Chornobyl 92, 96. chronology 20, 30, 37 Cockerham, William 3,5,8,13-15,18 Cohort LEB 1 Cold War 51,53-54, 61 communist parties 5,7,11-12,20 controversies 16, 19, 21, 58, 72, 88, 108 Cornia, Giovanni Andrea 3-6,10,12, 15-17, 28 Croatia 10-11,18,26,118 https://doi.org/lO.1515/978311O761788-O22 CVD. See cardiovascular disease Czechoslovakia 3-5, 8,14, 20, 34 Dunning, Gordon Μ. 54-57, 59, 61 East Germany 7,10, 20,118 effects of low-dose radiation 43, 56, 59, 6383, 98, 101 evacuation 25, 39, 42, 99 farms in the United Kingdom 38 food prices 15 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster 22 genocides 2 Georgia 7, 9,112, 116 Gofman, John W. 42, 69-70 Gorbachev, Mikhail 17-18, 20-21, 29, 61 hearings on the nature of radioactive fallout and its effects 55-58 Hiroshima 33, 38,
44, 49-51, 53, 56, 60, 67, 70, 74 - 76, 102, 107 hormesis 63, 66, 75, 77-83 hyperinflation 8 23-26,30,40-41,43-48,89-91, 99-100. inequality, income 14, 28 International Atomic Energy Agency. See IAEA iodine-131 22-23,59,92,96 ionizing radiation 23, 33, 37, 43, 45, 49— 76, 78, 80, 84, 89, 91-93, 95-99,104, 107, 109-111 Italy 18, 22, 33 IAEA Kazakhstan 7, 9, 29, 60,104,112,116 Knapp, Harold 53, 59, 67, 70 Kyrgyzstan 7, 9, 29, 112, 116 Latvia 9 -10,17 -18, 29-30,101,106 ֊ 107, 112,116
132 — Index LEB 1-7, 4-11, 14,18, 29-30, 106,113, 117. leukaemia. See leukemia leukemia 43,47,50,52-56,58,69, 71-74, 76, 81, 93, 96-102 life expectancy at birth. See LEB lifestyles 13,15 linear no-threshold model. See LNT model liquidators 25, 30, 39-40, 44, 46, 92-94, 96-98, 111 Lithuania 9-10, 17-18, 29-30,101, Юб107, 112,116 LNT model 63, 67-68, 73-77, 81, 83 Manhattan project 42, 50, 53, 55 mortality crisis 4 - 6, 8 -13,15 - 21, 28-30,106, 108,112 mortality from fallout of nuclear tests 102-105 mortality rates 1,3-11,29,103-108 Muller, Herman J. 55-56, 67-68, 70 Nagasaki 33,38,49-50,53,60,67, 70 - 71, 74 - 75,102,107 Nesterenko, Vassily B. 24, 36, 38 Netherlands 1-3,101 Nevada Test Site 51-54, 57, 59-60,102 Norway 23, 25-26., 33,102-103 oligarchs 12, 43 Pauling, Linus 53, 58-59, 71 period LEB 1 plutonium 22-23, 61 Poland 10-11, 13-14, 18, 20, 34, 92, 118 poverty 14-15,19,28-29 Pripyat 22, 25, 38 privatization 12,16-17, 20, 43 sex ratio at birth 37,107 shoe-fitting fluoroscope 68 Shrader-Frechette, Kristin 79-82 smoking 14, 16, 63 f., 69, 93 social epidemiology 12 Soviet bloc 3 - 8,12 -14, 16 -18, 20 - 21, 28, 37, 106 Soviet Union. See USSR Spain 1,3,11,18,68-69,101 Spain, civil war 1, 3,11 Stewart, Alice Mary 54, 69,107 stress 9, 13-16, 21, 41, 47, 99, 103 Sweden 1, 23, 25-26., 33, 38-39, 45, 85-88, 92, 95-96 Tajikistan 7,9-10,112,116 Three Mile Island 42, 84 thyroid cancer 15,32,43-47,76,81, 89-94, 96, 98-104 transition from Soviet communism to capital ism 12 transition into a market economy 8 Trinity test 50-51 Turkmenistan 7,9-10,60,112,116 Udall, Stewart Lee 54,
57, 61, 68 Ukraine 9-10,15,18, 20-24, 26, 29-31, 33-34, 36-37, 39-40, 43, 45-46., 60, 76, 89-92, 94, 96-100,104,106, 108, 112 unemployment 15-16 UNSCEAR 23-24,26,39-40,45,74,76, 80, 90-91, 93, 97, 100 USSR 1—26, 28, 33-34., 38-39, 42-44, 53, 60, 67, 92, 98, 100-101,107-108, 112-113 Uzbekistan 7, 9, 60, 104,112, 116 vodka radioactive iodine. See iodine-131 radioactive plume 22 radioactivity. See ionizing radiation Roman ¡a 10 -11,13 -14,18, 20, 23 Russia 2 - 3, 8 - 21, 23 - 24, 26, 28 - 31, 33-34., 36-38, 40, 43-47, 90-91, 94, 96-100, 106, 108,112 18 world flu pandemic 1-2 World War II 1-3,53,64,67 Yablokov, Alexey V. 24, 38 Yeltsin, Boris 12, 21, 28, 43 Yugoslavia 3-5, 7f., 10-11, 13, 26 $ay»?t9ch« I -?юЫЬЙоЙтвк |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Tapia Granados, José A. |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1012666034 |
| author_facet | Tapia Granados, José A. |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Tapia Granados, José A. |
| author_variant | g j a t gja gjat |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV048973205 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1370171629 (DE-599)BVBBV048973205 |
| era | Geschichte 1980-2016 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1980-2016 |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>04035nam a2200733zcb4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV048973205</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230718 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230524s2022 |||| |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9783110761733</subfield><subfield code="9">978-3-11-076173-3</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1370171629</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV048973205</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-Re13</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">OST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Tapia Granados, José A.</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)1012666034</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Chernobyl and the mortality crisis in Eastern Europe and the former USSR</subfield><subfield code="c">José A. Tapia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Berlin ; Boston</subfield><subfield code="b">De Gruyter</subfield><subfield code="c">[2022]</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="c">© 2022</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XVI, 132 Seiten</subfield><subfield code="b">Diagramme</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">De Gruyter Contemporary Social Sciences</subfield><subfield code="v">volume 11</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the mortality crisis which affected Eastern Europe and the republics of the former USSR at the time of the transition to a market economy was arguably the major peacetime health crisis of recent decades. Chernobyl and the Mortality Crisis in Eastern Europe and the Old USSR discusses the importance of that crisis, surprisingly underplayed in the scientific literature, and presents evidence suggesting a potential role of the Chernobyl disaster among the causes contributing to it</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="610" ind1="2" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Čornobyl‛s‛ka atomna elektrostancija</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)16034446-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1980-2016</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Gesundheitsrisiko</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Nuklearenergie</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Tschernobyl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">UdSSR.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">POLITICAL SCIENCE / World / Russian & Former Soviet Union</subfield><subfield code="2">bisacsh</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Public Health</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4139640-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Sterblichkeit</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4057312-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Reaktorunfall</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4195666-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Nachfolgestaaten</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4328855-8</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Osteuropa</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4075739-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Sowjetunion</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4077548-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Osteuropa</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4075739-0</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Sowjetunion</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4077548-3</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Nachfolgestaaten</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4328855-8</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Čornobyl‛s‛ka atomna elektrostancija</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)16034446-3</subfield><subfield code="D">b</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Reaktorunfall</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4195666-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="5"><subfield code="a">Sterblichkeit</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4057312-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="6"><subfield code="a">Public Health</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4139640-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1980-2016</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Online-Ausgabe, PDF</subfield><subfield code="z">978-3-11-076178-8</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Online-Ausgabe, EPUB</subfield><subfield code="z">978-3-11-076189-4</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="830" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">De Gruyter Contemporary Social Sciences</subfield><subfield code="v">volume 11</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-604)BV047620687</subfield><subfield code="9">11</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034236786&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034236786&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Literaturverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034236786&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Register // Gemischte Register</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="n">oe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">BSB_NED_20230607</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034236786</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">304.609</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09048</subfield><subfield code="g">947.08</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">610.9</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">0905</subfield><subfield code="g">47</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">610.9</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">0904</subfield><subfield code="g">47</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">304.609</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">0904</subfield><subfield code="g">47</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">304.609</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">0905</subfield><subfield code="g">47</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">610.9</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09048</subfield><subfield code="g">947.08</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| geographic | Osteuropa (DE-588)4075739-0 gnd Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Osteuropa Sowjetunion |
| id | DE-604.BV048973205 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T22:03:17Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:51:40Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783110761733 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034236786 |
| oclc_num | 1370171629 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR DE-12 |
| physical | XVI, 132 Seiten Diagramme |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20230607 |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateSearch | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | marc |
| series | De Gruyter Contemporary Social Sciences |
| series2 | De Gruyter Contemporary Social Sciences |
| spelling | Tapia Granados, José A. Verfasser (DE-588)1012666034 aut Chernobyl and the mortality crisis in Eastern Europe and the former USSR José A. Tapia Berlin ; Boston De Gruyter [2022] © 2022 XVI, 132 Seiten Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier De Gruyter Contemporary Social Sciences volume 11 Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the mortality crisis which affected Eastern Europe and the republics of the former USSR at the time of the transition to a market economy was arguably the major peacetime health crisis of recent decades. Chernobyl and the Mortality Crisis in Eastern Europe and the Old USSR discusses the importance of that crisis, surprisingly underplayed in the scientific literature, and presents evidence suggesting a potential role of the Chernobyl disaster among the causes contributing to it Čornobyl‛s‛ka atomna elektrostancija (DE-588)16034446-3 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1980-2016 gnd rswk-swf Gesundheitsrisiko Nuklearenergie Tschernobyl UdSSR. POLITICAL SCIENCE / World / Russian & Former Soviet Union bisacsh Public Health (DE-588)4139640-6 gnd rswk-swf Sterblichkeit (DE-588)4057312-6 gnd rswk-swf Reaktorunfall (DE-588)4195666-7 gnd rswk-swf Nachfolgestaaten (DE-588)4328855-8 gnd rswk-swf Osteuropa (DE-588)4075739-0 gnd rswk-swf Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd rswk-swf Osteuropa (DE-588)4075739-0 g Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 g Nachfolgestaaten (DE-588)4328855-8 s Čornobyl‛s‛ka atomna elektrostancija (DE-588)16034446-3 b Reaktorunfall (DE-588)4195666-7 s Sterblichkeit (DE-588)4057312-6 s Public Health (DE-588)4139640-6 s Geschichte 1980-2016 z DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, PDF 978-3-11-076178-8 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, EPUB 978-3-11-076189-4 De Gruyter Contemporary Social Sciences volume 11 (DE-604)BV047620687 11 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034236786&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034236786&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034236786&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Tapia Granados, José A. Chernobyl and the mortality crisis in Eastern Europe and the former USSR De Gruyter Contemporary Social Sciences Čornobyl‛s‛ka atomna elektrostancija (DE-588)16034446-3 gnd Gesundheitsrisiko Nuklearenergie Tschernobyl UdSSR. POLITICAL SCIENCE / World / Russian & Former Soviet Union bisacsh Public Health (DE-588)4139640-6 gnd Sterblichkeit (DE-588)4057312-6 gnd Reaktorunfall (DE-588)4195666-7 gnd Nachfolgestaaten (DE-588)4328855-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)16034446-3 (DE-588)4139640-6 (DE-588)4057312-6 (DE-588)4195666-7 (DE-588)4328855-8 (DE-588)4075739-0 (DE-588)4077548-3 |
| title | Chernobyl and the mortality crisis in Eastern Europe and the former USSR |
| title_auth | Chernobyl and the mortality crisis in Eastern Europe and the former USSR |
| title_exact_search | Chernobyl and the mortality crisis in Eastern Europe and the former USSR |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Chernobyl and the mortality crisis in Eastern Europe and the former USSR |
| title_full | Chernobyl and the mortality crisis in Eastern Europe and the former USSR José A. Tapia |
| title_fullStr | Chernobyl and the mortality crisis in Eastern Europe and the former USSR José A. Tapia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chernobyl and the mortality crisis in Eastern Europe and the former USSR José A. Tapia |
| title_short | Chernobyl and the mortality crisis in Eastern Europe and the former USSR |
| title_sort | chernobyl and the mortality crisis in eastern europe and the former ussr |
| topic | Čornobyl‛s‛ka atomna elektrostancija (DE-588)16034446-3 gnd Gesundheitsrisiko Nuklearenergie Tschernobyl UdSSR. POLITICAL SCIENCE / World / Russian & Former Soviet Union bisacsh Public Health (DE-588)4139640-6 gnd Sterblichkeit (DE-588)4057312-6 gnd Reaktorunfall (DE-588)4195666-7 gnd Nachfolgestaaten (DE-588)4328855-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Čornobyl‛s‛ka atomna elektrostancija Gesundheitsrisiko Nuklearenergie Tschernobyl UdSSR. POLITICAL SCIENCE / World / Russian & Former Soviet Union Public Health Sterblichkeit Reaktorunfall Nachfolgestaaten Osteuropa Sowjetunion |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034236786&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034236786&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034236786&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV047620687 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tapiagranadosjosea chernobylandthemortalitycrisisineasterneuropeandtheformerussr |