Russia and the GCC: the case of Tatarstan's paradiplomacy
Gespeichert in:
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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London ; New York ; Oxford ; New Delhi ; Sydney
I. B. Tauris
2023
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Beschreibung: | x, 253 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9780755646159 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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Contents List of tables Acknowledgements Note on transliteration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Tatarstan and the Gulf states: A recurrent puzzle TASSR and the Gulf states: Limited partnership TASSR and the Gulf states: The Moscow factor Tatarstan and the Gulf states: Emergence of relations Tatarstan and the Gulf states: The Moscow factor Russian Muslim Republics: Paradiplomacies towards the GCC Afterword: The impact of the Ukraine conflict on Gulf-Moscow-Kazan relations Notes Bibliography Index viii ix xi 1 23 47 69 95 117 135 151 208 244
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Index 2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24M shootdown 100 Abbasid Caliphate 4-5 Abdulla, Abdulkhaleq 144-5 Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference (ADIPEC) 129-30 Abu Dhabi National Oil Company 114 ADIPEC. See Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference Afghanistan 26,62 Soviet invasion of 44, 58 Ak Bars Bank 77 Ak Bars Capital 77-8 Akchura, lusuf 51 Akkulov, Ainur 128-9 Alexander I, Emperor of Russia 8 Aliev, Geider 43 All-Russian Central Executive Committee Decree (1920) 25 All-Russian Muslim Congress (1917: Kazan) 48-9 Alparov, Garif 31 Arab-Israeli Wars (1967 and 1973) 64-5 Arab Spring (2011) 102,103,107,136 arms sales Russia 110,113-14 Russia to Kuwait 111 Russia to UAE 110-11 US to Saudi and UAE 108 al-Asad, Bashar 102,105,107 Ashabs people 118 Association of Muslim Entrepreneurs of Russia 14, 15,91-2, 187 n.106 Astrakhan Khanate 7 al-Asyl, Naji 27 atheism 54-5 Automotive Glass Alliance Rus 99 Avars people 118 awqaf 35 Baaroon, Mohammad 145 Bahrain 13,66 and Chechnya relations 121 and Russia relations 111,112 and Syria relations 105 and Tatarstan relations 87-8 Ukraine Crisis and 22,136-7 and US relations 136 and USSR relations 60,138 Bahrain National Liberation Front (BNLF) 60 balancing policy of Russia 104-6 of Russian Muslim republics 124 of Saudi Arabia 140-2 ofUAE 143-5 Barakat, Subhi 39 Bashkiria 119-20 and GCC relations 21 Bashkortostan and GCC relations 15-16,128-33 nationalist movement in 32-3 and Tatarstan relations 15 Battle of Chains (636 AD) 5 Batu Khan, Mongol ruler 5 Bayramova, Fauzia 189 n.38 Beaumont, Richard, Sir 12 Biarmia 4
Biden, Joe 108,109,141 Bigiev, Musa 42,167 n. 136 Blinken, Antony 143 BNLF. See Bahrain National Liberation Front Bolshevik Party Islam policy 53-6 Khakimov’s support and affiliation to 31-2 radical Muslim nationalists cooperation with 49-50 Breslauer, George W. 63 Brezhnev, Leonid 43,60-1 Britain
Index great power rivalry in Gulf and 28, 66 Muslims in 148-9 withdrawal from Gulf 9, 67-8 British Library 11 Dickson, Lt.-Colonel Harold Richard Patrick collection 12 Monroe Elisabeth collection 12 Bukharaev, Ravil, The Four Seasons 2-9 Bullard, Reader W. 34 Bush, George W. 107 Cairo Congress (1924) 39 Catherine II (the Great), Empress of Russia 7-8,164n.l07 CENTCOM. See Central Command CENTO. See Central Treaty Organization Central Asian Muslims 43 Central Command (CENTCOM) 107 Central Muslim Spiritual Board of Inner Russia and Siberia (TsDum) 38-44, 51-2, 55, 164 n.107 Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) 65 Chechnya 21 declaration of sovereignty 96 GCC relations 16, 21,120-4,127, 134 and Ingushetia relations 124 Islamin 118-19 religious extremism in 120 Saudi position on 101 Cheremish people 24-5 Chicherin, Georgy 27, 35, 40 Chuvash people 24-5 CIS. See Commonwealth of Independent States Cold War 64, 67, 83 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 70 Constitution of Tatarstan 97,188 n. 15 constructivism 1,10-11,18 Crimea 117,136, 186 n.99,197 n.l Crimean Khanate 6, 7 Dagestan and GCC relations 134 16,21,125-7, 245 Islamin 118-19 Russian Islam origins in 201 n.64 Davletshin, Gabdulla 32 diaspora (Dagestan’s) 21,126 diplomats ethno-confessional affiliation of 27 Muslims as ambassadors to Islamic countries 19,43-4 al-Diri, Abdul-Hassan 88 Doha Forum (2022) 138-9 Dubai Agreement (1971) 9 Dubai Expo 2020 85-6 Dubai Islamic Economy Development Centre 85 DUMES. See Spiritual Administration of Muslims of European Russia and Siberia DUMRT. See Muslim Spiritual Board of the
Republic of Tatarstan Dzheppar, Emine 136 economic relations Bashkortostan-GCC 15-16,129-32 Bashkortostan-Saudi 129 Dagestan-UAE 126 Ingushetia-Saudi 125 paradiplomacy and 70-1 Russia-GCC 110-15 Tatarstan-GCC 14, 20, 76-9, 90 Tatarstan-Russia 97 Tatarstan-Turkey 99-100 Tatarstan-UAE 84-5 US-Saudi 113 Egypt and Saudi relations 57 and USSR relations 62, 64-5 energy sector. See oil and gas industry Eurasian Leasing Company 91 Fakhretdinov, Rizaitdin 39-41,51-2, 164 n.116,166 n.131 federalism 96-7 FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 87 foreign investment Bahrain 88 GCC 90,112-13 Qatar 112-13 Turkey 99-100 UAE 84-6
246 foreign trade Bashkortostan-GCC 131 Dagestan-Iran 127 Dagestan-Saudi 126 Dagestan-UAE 126 Russia-GCC 112 Russia-UAE 110-11,112,144 Tatarstan-Bahrain 88 Tatarstan-GCC 78-9 Tatarstan-Kuwait 88-9 Tatarstan-Qatar 87 Tatarstan-Saudi 82 US-GCC 108 USSR-Kuwait 59 USSR-Saudi 56 US-UAE 144 France 148 Gadilov, L. Z. 16 Gaspinsky, Ismail 30 Gatin, Marat 14, 73,74, 81,84, 85, 87, 179 n.13 Gazprom Neft (company) 114 GCC. See Gulf Cooperation Council Genghis Khan, Mongol ruler 3, 5 geopolitics 95,103-10,115,126-7, 174Ո.133 Germany and Qatar energy partnership 139 support of pan-Turkism 53 Giesler, Rodney 12 gift distribution 37 Gimatdinov, Radik 82 Giray dynasty 6 global paradiplomacy 69-70,178 n.2 Golden Horde 5, 6,118 Gorbachev, Mikhail 63,96,100,175 n.156 Gordlevskii, Vladimir 4 Government of National Accord (Libya) 104 great power rivalry Britain and USSR 28 GCC and 103-6 impact on Tatarstan-GCC relations 20,61-8 over oil 66 Saudi’s radicalization and 83 Group of the Strategic Vision ‘RussiaIslamic World’ 74-7, 85, Index 87, 101-2, 115, 128,148, 185 n.86 Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). See also specific member nations, e.g. Bahrain establishment and membership of 9 funding of Islamic jihad 120 protest against Soviet invasion of Afghanistan 44 as regional powers 103-4 response to Ukraine Crisis 22,136 and Russian Muslim republics relations 11,18,21,117-18, 120-34 and Russia relations economic cooperation 110-15 implications for Tatarstan-GCC relations 103-15 modern times 75-6,115 role of Tatars in 1 -2 Ukraine Crisis and 135-6, 146-7 Washington factor and 106-10 support of Western
bloc 61 and Tatarstan relations 2 1917-90 (Soviet era) 19-20, 23-5,44-5 2000Տ-21 74-9, 96, 99 challenges and limitations 89-93 constructivist approach 10-11 emergence of 20, 69-74 historical background 19 impact of great power rivalry on 62-8 impact of Soviet Islamic policies on 53-6 impact of Ukraine Crisis on 1819 information sources on 14-15 military cooperation 114 Moscow-GCC relations impact on 103-15 Moscow-Kazan relations impact on 47-56 Moscow-Kazan relations implications for 96-103 pan-Turkism impact on 50-3 and US relations 103,106-10 and USSR relations
Index failure of 20 limited partnership 56-62 Tatars’ federal level role in 1-2, 19, 26-8, 52 Gulf Crisis (2017-21) 107-8,124 impact on Dagestan-GCC relations 126-7 impact on Tatarstan-Qatar relations 87 Russia’s non-intervention policy 106 Gulf War (1990-91) 60,137-8 Gumerov, EH. 16 Haftar, Khalifa, General 104,105 hajj 76, 83,125, 129, 153 n.46 9th to 15th centuries 6 Alexander I of Russia’s decree on 8 decline in numbers 42-3 hajj diplomacy 33-5 Soviet press on 54 al-Hajraf, Naef 76 halal economy/halal lifestyle 77-8, 85, 89, 90-1, 130, 147 Halliday, Fred 38,43 Hayat Kimya LLC 86,99 Houthi movement 144,145 human rights 108-9,142 Hussein bin Ali, Sheriff 27, 34, 41 Ibn Fadlan, Ahmad 4-5 Ibn Saud, Abd al’-Aziz, King of Saudi Arabia 2,55 Khakimov and 34-7 as protector of the hajj 38-9 Soviet delegation to Mecca Congress and 41-2 Ibragimov, Shagimardan 27,160 n.24 Idel-Ural State 24-5,49, 52 identity 10-11,18. See also Islamic identity IDEX. See International Defence Exhibition Ihsanoglu, Ekmeleddin 71 Ijara 91 Ilyas, Tagir 41 income tax 98-9 information sources 11-18 Ingushetia and GCC relations 124-5 247 Islam in 118 Intergovernmental Russian-United Arab Emirates Commission on Trade, Economic and Technical Cooperation 130 International Defence Exhibition (IDEX) 85,114,121 International Islamic Committee 39 Iran and Dagestan relations 126-7 military alliances 65 USSR interests in 174 n.133 and USSR relations 26, 62 Iran-Iraq War ( 1980-88) 59 Iraq-USSR relations 58 Iskhaki, Ayaz 24 Islam as cultural identity 189 n.38 ‘Islamic weapon’ 18, 23-8 in North Caucasus 117-20 in
Russia 922-1229 (spring of) 3-5 1229-1400 (summer of) 5-6 1400s-1583 (autumn of) 6-7,50 1583-1800S (winter of) 7-9, 55-6 1900s 47-8,100 emergence of 18, 201 n.64 periodization 2-3 rise of religious extremism 100-1 as soft power tool 100,101-2 in Tatarstan 4-5 in USSR 9,53-6 Islamic banking and finance 77-8,82-3, 85,90-2 Islamic Clergy Congress (1917) 48 Islamic Development Bank 82, 90-1 Islamic education 72-4 Islamic fundamentalism/ Wahhabism 72-3, 83-4,119 (shared) Islamic identity 1, 5 building relations through 6,100, 148 development of mutual economic interests and 80-4 Kadyrov and GCC 121-2 Khakimov and Saudi Arabia 33-8 limitations as connecting factor 90-2 in North Caucasus 119
248 religious collaboration and 14-15 Saudi and Russian Muslims 143 Self(s)-minority Self cooperation and 10-11,20-1,76-8,133-4, 148-9 Soviet era 20,47 Tatarstan paradiplomacy and 71-2 Israel 57, 64,104,108 Issaev, Leonid 105-6 Ittifaq Party 189n.38 Ivan III (the Great) 6 Ivan IV (the Terrible) 6-7 jadidism 8, 30, 32 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) (2015) 145 Judaism 4 Ka’ba 81,121 Kadyrov, Ahmad 121,134 Kadyrov, Ramzan 21,86,121-2,134 Kamaz (company) 85,114 Karakhan, Lev 36 Karamyshev, Ruslan 15,132-3 Karimi, Fatykh 51 Kasimov Khanate 7 Kasogi 4 Kastamonu Integrated Wood Industry LLC 99 Kazan Khanate 6-7, 8 Kazan Summit. See Russia-Islamic World Kazan Summit Kazan Tatars. See Volga Bulgars al-Ketbi, Ebtesam 143-4,145 Khakimov, Karim 2,16,23,27,28, 56, 151 n.5 differences between Sultan-Galiev and 49 education of 29-30 family background of 28-9 ‘Khakimov factor’ 128-9 Muslim identity of 33-8 as proletariat 30-3 Khakimov, Rafael’ 13,70-1,179 n.6 Khalid bin al-Walid 5 al-Khalifa, Abdullah bin Ahmad 136 al-Khalifa, Abdulrahman bin Mohammad bin Rashid, Shaykh 13, 75, 87-8, 112, 185 n.86 Index al-Khalifa, Hamad bin Isa, King of Bahrain 87,121,140 al-Khalifa, Salman bin Hamad, Crown Prince of Bahrain 121 Khamidulla, Almushev 153 n.46 Khamitov, Rustem 129 Khasanov, Habib 30 Khashoggi, Jamal 109,142 Khazar Khaganate 3-4 Khodorovsky, I. 25 Khrushchev, Nikita 63 Kirkhlyar Muslim cemetery (Derbent, Dagestan) 118,20ІП.64 Kiselev, Yevgeny 64-5 Kovalevskii, Egor 4 Kozhanov, Nikolay 16-17,105-6 Kuibyshhev, V. 32 Kuwait 1990-91 Iraqi invasion of 60 and Bashkortostan relations
130 independence of 9 plans to build an Islamic complex in Ingushetia 125 response to Ukraine Crisis 137-8 and Russia relations 111 and Tatarstan relations 22, 88-9 and US relations 58 and USSR relations 58-60 language crisis in 2017 98 Lavrov, Sergey 109,137,143 Lenin, Vladimir 26,49-50, 62 liberalism/neoliberalism 10 Libya 104,105 Libyan National Army 104 liquified natural gas (LNG) 114-15, 139-40 Lukoil 107,114 madhhab 133 Hanafi 4, 42, 72, 99,118,179 n. 14 Shafi 118 Magjulov, Magdiy 52 al-Maktoum, Mohammad bin Rashid 86 Manturov, Denis 113 Marjani Mosque (Kazan, Tatarstan) 55 al-Marri, Abdulla bin Touq 85 al-Mashat, Abdel Fattah bin Suleiman 76 Medina Publishing House 12
Index Mervan ibn Muhammad II, Caliph of Umayyad Caliphate 3 Mezhiev, Salah 127 Middle East. See also Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) leadership opportunities for GCC 103-4 nationalist movements in 62 Putin’s visits to 102,106,113,114, 121 Russian Foreign Policy Concept 111-12 Saudi’s balancing act in 140-2 USSR policy towards (1945-85) 623 World War II and 66-7 military aid to Arab world 64,113-14 to Bahrain 111 to Kuwait 111 to Qatar 113 Qatar-US cooperation 107,140 to Saudi 57,113 to Syria 65 toUAE 110-11,113 Minnikhanov, Rustam 2,13, 75, 76, 801,85-9, 98, 102, 121,181 n.32, 182 n.47,185 n.86 minorities paradiplomacy and 18 role in international relations 11 Russia and 149-50 and Self(s) relations 10-11,19-22, 76-8, 80-4, 133-4,148-9 Minullina, Taliya 13, 80, 82-4, 89, 90, 181 n.32 Mirsaiapov, Ruslan 15,128-33 Mishustin, Mikhail 89 Mohammad: Messenger of God (film: Majidi) 127 Mongol invasion 5-6 Mubadala Investment Company 146 Mubadala Petroleum 114 Multiate of Central Asia and Kazakhstan (Tashkent) 43 Mukhametshin, Farit 14 Mumtalakat Holding Company 88 al-Muqtadir, Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate 4-5 249 Muslim Brotherhood 106,121 Muslim Soldiers’ Congress (1917) 48 Muslim Spiritual Board of the Republic of Tatarstan (DUMRT) 44, 72, 77-8, 80 The Muslim Turko-Tatars in Inner Russia and Siberia 48-9 al-Nahyan, Abdullah bin Zayed 143 al-Nahyan, Mohammad bin Zayed 86, 106,142 al-Nahyan, Zayed bin Sultan 43, 84 Nasser, Gamal Abdel 57, 64-5 nationalism in Bashkortostan 32-3 in Middle East 62 of Tatars 24-5,44,47-50,71-2, 189 n.38 National Library of the Republic of Tatarstan
11 -12,159 n.7 Naumkin, Vitaly 12,16,26-7,160 n. 19 Neumann, Iver 10 New Thinking policy 63,175 n.156 Nizameddin, Talal 62-3 Nogay Horde 7 non-intervention and neutrality 106, 136-7 norms 10 North Caucasus 21,134 impact of Gulf Crisis (2017-21) on 126-7 Islamin 118 religious extremism in 100-1 Nurullin, Il’kham 14-15,92-3 Obama, Barack 107,145 Ogonek (journal) 41,167 n.146 OIC. See Organisation of Islamic Cooperation oil and gas industry 66,164 n.106 competition between RussiaQatar 139-40 cooperation 111 Russia-Qatar 107,114-15 Russia-Saudi 110 Russia-UAE 114 Tatarstan-Bahrain 88 Tatarstan-GCC 115 geopolitics and 103
250 Oman and Bashkortostan relations 15,130 response to Ukraine Crisis 22,137 and Russia relations 111 and Tatarstan relations 89 and USSR relations 61 OPEC. See Organisation of Petroleum and Exporting Countries Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly 8 Orenburg province 29-31 Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) 71, 72-3, 75 economic relations with Russian Muslim republics 76-9 Russia as observer 101,120 Organisation of Petroleum and Exporting Countries (OPEC) 101,114, 141,144 Orient 10-11 Other 10-11, 95,127,133-4, 148-9 Ottoman Turkey 6, See also Turkey Ozerov, Oleg 16, 34,160 n.24,162 n.46 ‘Packer’ company 129-30 Pakistan 65 Palestine 104 pan-Turkism 50-3,68 paradiplomacy 148 economic relations and 70-1 identity and 18 integration mechanisms 80 types of 69,178 n.2 Payzakat project 77 The People’s Commissariat for Foreign Affairs of the Russian SFSR 26 Peter I (the Great) 7, 8 power duality 47-50 pragmatism 102,104-5,142 Primakov, Yevgeny 74-5 Putin, Vladimir 2, 20, 76 2013 meeting with Muslim Spiritual Boards 102 2022 Bahrain king telecon with 1367 centralization of power under 95, 97-8,147-8 Chechnya’s support for 21 invitation to King Salman 81 Index rise to power 100-1,120 on UAE partnership 86 on unipolarity 101-2 visits to Middle East 102,106,107, 113,114,121 visit to Saudi 1 al-Qaradaghi, Ali 124 Qatar 66. See also Gulf Crisis (2017-21) and Ingushetia relations 124-5 and Russia relations economic and defence cooperation 112-13 Gulf Crisis (2017-21) and 101 Second Chechen War and 120 Ukraine Crisis and 22,138-40 Syrian War and 105 and Tatarstan relations 86-7 and
US relations 87,107-8,140 and USSR relations 60-1 Qatar Charitable Society 120 Qatar Investment Authority (QIA) 112, 146 Qatar Petroleum 107 QIA. See Qatar Investment Authority Ramaldanov, Gadzhiamin 16,126, 201 n.61 RDIF. See Russian Direct Investment Fund realism/neorealism/neoclassical realism 10 religion 3-4. See also Islam religious diplomacy 38-44 religious extremism, in North Caucasus 100-1,120 religious organisations. See also Russian Islamic organisations funding of Islamic jihad 120 religious soft power 100,101-2 Rosneft (company) 112,114 Rosoboroneksport (company) 111 al-Rumeikhi, Khalid 88 Russia. See also Soviet Union/USSR 1992 Federation Treaty 96-7 federal central authority 95, 97-8 geopolitical interests of 103-10 and Middle East relations impact of Ukraine Crisis on 1819,21-2
Index literature on 16-18 Tatars’ role in 1-2,19 religious soft power 100,101-2 subjugation of khanates 6-7 and Tatarstan relations future of 147-50 ‘On the Dimension of Jurisdictional Authority and the Mutual Delegation of Powers’ treaty 97-8 potential future of 22 since 1990s 20 Tatarstan model 96-7 Western sanctions 111, 146,186 n.99 Russia-Bahrain Business Council 111 Russia-Islamic World Kazan Summit 77-8, 85, 88, 147 Russian Direct Investment Fund (RDIF) 88,90,112-13,146 Russian Islamic Institute (Kazan) 78, 80 Russian Islamic organisations 80 in 1940s 55 first official 8 role in facilitation of GCC-Soviet relations 19,38-44 Russian Islamic University 180n.25 Russian language 29-30 Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs 80 Russian Muslim(s) integration into federal foreign policies 102,120-1,128,147 political and social activities in 1900s 47-8 Russian Muslim clergy “The Chain of Qur’an” and 51-2 meeting with King Salman 83-4 participation in 1926 Mecca Congress 39-42 Russian Orthodox Church 55 Russo-Ukrainian war (2022). See Ukraine Crisis (2022) Sabri, Ali 64-5 Said, Edward 10 al-Said, Haitham bin Tariq, Sultan of Oman 137 Sakharov, Ivan 12 Samigullin, Kamil’ Hazrat 14,73-4,76, 78, 82,83-4,90,100,180 n.26 251 Sassanid Empire 5 al-Saud, Fahd bin Salman 57 al-Saud, Faisal bin Abdulaziz, King of Saudi Arabia 37, 43, 57 al-Saud, Faisal bin Turki, Prince 140-1, 142 al-Saud, Khaled al-Faisal, Prince 76, 164 n.106 al-Saud, Khalid bin Abdulaziz, King of Saudi Arabia 57-8 al-Saud, Mohammad bin Salman, Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia 83, 109,142 al-Saud, Salman ibn Abd al-Aziz,
King of Saudi Arabia 1, 2, 75-6,109, 129 and Biden meeting 108 moderate Islam policies of 83,133 visit to Russia 81,83-4,106,113,125 Saudi Arabia and Bashkortostan relations 128-9 and Chechnya relations 120-1 de-Wahhabisation reforms in 83-4, 133 formation of 9 funding for Islamic education of Tatars 72-4 and Ingushetia relations 124,125 position on Chechen war 101 position on Syrian War 105 position on Ukraine Crisis 22 Russian Muslims and 143 and Russia relations economic and defence cooperation 112-13 first Saudi King visit to Moscow (2017) 81,83-4,106,113,125 impact of Ukraine Crisis on 1403 rapprochement 101,108-10 Russian Muslim consul in Jeddah 27-8 and Tatarstan relations 80-4, 89-90, 143 Soviet era 32 and US relations 57,113, 164 n. 106 deterioration of 101,107,109, 141-3 and USSR relations
252 establishment of 26-8 Khakimov’s role and contribution to 28-38,128-9 literature on 16 Muslim organizations’ role in 38-44 restoration of diplomatic relations 60,138 Saudi request for economic support 164 n.106 withdrawal of diplomatic relations 56-8 Sberbank 77 Second Chechen War (1999-2009) 101, 120 Self(s) -minority Self relations 10-11, 19-22, 76-8, 80-4, 133-4, 148-9 Sfakianakis, John 141 Shafi madhahib 118 Shagimardanov, Aydar 14, 91 -2, 186 n.104 Shaimiev, Mintimer 13,44, 71, 74-5,84, 98, 189 n.38 Sharaf, Asma-hanum 39-40 Sharafutdinova, Gulnaz 18, 71 Sharq of Mohammarrah (company) 58 Shi’ism 127 Shugaev, Dmitry 113 Siberian Khanate 7 Sibur (company) 114 Soviet Union/USSR. See also Russia anti-imperialist policy of 26, 62-3 collapse of 20, 96 decline of Tatarstan’s status within 19-20,47, 50-3 GCC-Russian Muslim republics relations under 118 GCC-Tatarstan relations under 1920, 23, 44-5 Gulf War ( 1990-91 ) and 60,138 impact of Soviet policy towards Islam 53-6 interests in Iran 174 n. 133 invasion of Afghanistan 44, 58 Islam in 9, 53-6 Islamic strategy of 23-8 Islamic strategy through religious organizations 38-44 Index Islamic strategy through Tatar diplomacy 28-38 Spiritual Administration of Muslims of European Russia and Siberia (DUMES) 43, 44. See also Central Muslim Spiritual Board of Inner Russia and Siberia Spiritual Directorate (Multiate) of Muslims in the North Caucasus (Buynaksk, Dagestan) 43 Spiritual Directorate of Muslims of the Transcaucasia (Baku, Azerbaijan) 43 Stalin, Josef 49-50 atheistic propaganda of 54-5 Hijaz consul 27 Middle East policy of
63 policy towards Muslim world 37-8 repression of pan-Islamism 51-2 strategic cultures 10 Stupak, Alexander 37 Sultan-Galiev, Mirsaid 49 Sunni 179 n.14 Supreme Islamic Affairs Council of Bahrain 13 Syrian War 102,105 Syria-USSR relations 65,107 Tadzhuddin, Taighat 44 taqiyya 55 Tarjemani, Kashaf 51-2,165 n.122 Tatars 1926 Mecca Congress and 40-1 Catherine Commission (1767-69) and 8 differences between Arabian states and 9 role in Soviet-GCC relations 1 -2, 19,26-8,43-4, 52 (see also Khakimov, Karim) ‘Tatar traditionalism’ 72 Tatarstan/TASSR as bridge between Russia and GCC/ QIC 102-3,115 establishment of Consulate General of Saudi Arabia in 89-90 formation of 47-50 separation between state and religion 44,71-2
Index status within Russia 95, 98-9,147-8 status within USSR 19-20 Tatarstan International Investment Company 90-1 Tatarstan Investment Development Agency (TIDA) 13,77-8, 80, 85, 90 al-Tawadi, Hassan 87 TGT Prime LLC 86 TIDA. See Tatarstan Investment Development Agency Togan, Zeki Velidi 50,119 Trakya Glass Rus 99 trans-border regional paradiplomacy 69, 178 n.2 trans-regional paradiplomacy 69, 178 n.2 Truman, Harry S. 63 Trump, Donald 108,186 n.99 TsDum. See Central Muslim Spiritual Board of Inner Russia and Siberia Tuimetov, lusuf 28 Turkey 1979 Muslim delegation to Kazan 55-6 establishment of 26 military alliances 65 and Russian relations 100,104 and Tatarstan relations 6,70, 99-100 and USSR relations 62,174 n.132 Turkic Khaganate 3 Tyuryakulov, Kazakh 38 UAE. See United Arab Emirates Ukraine Crisis (2022) Bahrain and Oman responses to 136-7 European response to 148-9 GCC’s response to 22,149-50 Gulf-Moscow-Kazan relations and 18-19,21-2,135 Kuwait’s response to 137-8 Qatar and 138-40 Russia-GCC relations and 135-6 Saudi and 140-3 Tatarstan-Qatar relations and 87 253 UAE and 143-7 Ulrichsen, Kristian 142 Umerov, Abdurahman 41,166n.l27 umrah 33, 34-5,72,76,81,83, 121 United Arab Emirates (UAE) 66 and Bashkortostan relations 129-30 and Chechnya relations 121,125 establishment of 9 and Ingushetia relations 125 and Russia relations 113,114 2018 Declaration of Strategic Partnership 86 Ukraine Crisis and 22,143-7 and Tatarstan relations 84-6,146-7 and US relations 143-5 and USSR relations 60 United States (US) Middle East policy 103,106-10,145 policy towards Saudi 141-3 Russia-
GCC relations and 106-8 sanctions on Russia 146,186 n.99 Syrian War and 105 and USSR relations Middle East and 63-4,67 non-Arab Muslim states and 65 USSR. See Soviet Union/USSR Volga Bulgaria/Bulgars 2, 3,4-5,147, 152Ո.19 Volga-Ural State. See Idel-Ural State Vorovsky, Vatslav 27 VTB Bank 112 Wahba, Hafiz 42 World Muslim Congress (1926: Mecca) 38-42,51-2 Yakupov, Linar 91 Yakupov, Valiulla 73,180 n.21 Yandarbiyev, Zelimkhan 101,120 Yeistin, Boris 96 Yemelianova, Galina 3,4 Yemen 106, 108, 144 Yevkurov, Yunus-bek 124 al-Zeid, Abdelrahman Zelenodoľsk Shipyard Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München 76 85 |
| adam_txt |
Contents List of tables Acknowledgements Note on transliteration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Tatarstan and the Gulf states: A recurrent puzzle TASSR and the Gulf states: Limited partnership TASSR and the Gulf states: The Moscow factor Tatarstan and the Gulf states: Emergence of relations Tatarstan and the Gulf states: The Moscow factor Russian Muslim Republics: Paradiplomacies towards the GCC Afterword: The impact of the Ukraine conflict on Gulf-Moscow-Kazan relations Notes Bibliography Index viii ix xi 1 23 47 69 95 117 135 151 208 244
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Bibliography 243 Yodfat, Aryeh, Arab Politics in the Soviet Mirror, Jerusalem: Israel Universities Press, 32-102. Young, Michael, ‘Power to Which People?’, 30 March 2022. Available at: https://carnegie -mec.org/diwan/86757 Zelensky, Volodymyr, 24 February 2022. Available at: https://twitter.com/ZelenskyyUa/ status/1496736576780521472 Zenkovsky, Serge A., Pan-Turkism and Islam in Russia, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, I960. Znamenskoy, P., Kazan Tatars [Kazańskie Tatary], Kazan: Publisher of Imperatori University, 1910. Available at: https://kitap.tatar.ru/ru/dl/nbrt_tatarica_Inv_373_63 Zubarevich, N., Otnosheniia tsentr-regiony: ehto izmenilos’za chetyregoda krizisa, [Relations Between Centre and Regions: What has Changed During Four Years of Crisis?]. Available at: http://www.counter-point.Org//ll_zubarevich/
Index 2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24M shootdown 100 Abbasid Caliphate 4-5 Abdulla, Abdulkhaleq 144-5 Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference (ADIPEC) 129-30 Abu Dhabi National Oil Company 114 ADIPEC. See Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference Afghanistan 26,62 Soviet invasion of 44, 58 Ak Bars Bank 77 Ak Bars Capital 77-8 Akchura, lusuf 51 Akkulov, Ainur 128-9 Alexander I, Emperor of Russia 8 Aliev, Geider 43 All-Russian Central Executive Committee Decree (1920) 25 All-Russian Muslim Congress (1917: Kazan) 48-9 Alparov, Garif 31 Arab-Israeli Wars (1967 and 1973) 64-5 Arab Spring (2011) 102,103,107,136 arms sales Russia 110,113-14 Russia to Kuwait 111 Russia to UAE 110-11 US to Saudi and UAE 108 al-Asad, Bashar 102,105,107 Ashabs people 118 Association of Muslim Entrepreneurs of Russia 14, 15,91-2, 187 n.106 Astrakhan Khanate 7 al-Asyl, Naji 27 atheism 54-5 Automotive Glass Alliance Rus 99 Avars people 118 awqaf 35 Baaroon, Mohammad 145 Bahrain 13,66 and Chechnya relations 121 and Russia relations 111,112 and Syria relations 105 and Tatarstan relations 87-8 Ukraine Crisis and 22,136-7 and US relations 136 and USSR relations 60,138 Bahrain National Liberation Front (BNLF) 60 balancing policy of Russia 104-6 of Russian Muslim republics 124 of Saudi Arabia 140-2 ofUAE 143-5 Barakat, Subhi 39 Bashkiria 119-20 and GCC relations 21 Bashkortostan and GCC relations 15-16,128-33 nationalist movement in 32-3 and Tatarstan relations 15 Battle of Chains (636 AD) 5 Batu Khan, Mongol ruler 5 Bayramova, Fauzia 189 n.38 Beaumont, Richard, Sir 12 Biarmia 4
Biden, Joe 108,109,141 Bigiev, Musa 42,167 n. 136 Blinken, Antony 143 BNLF. See Bahrain National Liberation Front Bolshevik Party Islam policy 53-6 Khakimov’s support and affiliation to 31-2 radical Muslim nationalists cooperation with 49-50 Breslauer, George W. 63 Brezhnev, Leonid 43,60-1 Britain
Index great power rivalry in Gulf and 28, 66 Muslims in 148-9 withdrawal from Gulf 9, 67-8 British Library 11 Dickson, Lt.-Colonel Harold Richard Patrick collection 12 Monroe Elisabeth collection 12 Bukharaev, Ravil, The Four Seasons 2-9 Bullard, Reader W. 34 Bush, George W. 107 Cairo Congress (1924) 39 Catherine II (the Great), Empress of Russia 7-8,164n.l07 CENTCOM. See Central Command CENTO. See Central Treaty Organization Central Asian Muslims 43 Central Command (CENTCOM) 107 Central Muslim Spiritual Board of Inner Russia and Siberia (TsDum) 38-44, 51-2, 55, 164 n.107 Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) 65 Chechnya 21 declaration of sovereignty 96 GCC relations 16, 21,120-4,127, 134 and Ingushetia relations 124 Islamin 118-19 religious extremism in 120 Saudi position on 101 Cheremish people 24-5 Chicherin, Georgy 27, 35, 40 Chuvash people 24-5 CIS. See Commonwealth of Independent States Cold War 64, 67, 83 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 70 Constitution of Tatarstan 97,188 n. 15 constructivism 1,10-11,18 Crimea 117,136, 186 n.99,197 n.l Crimean Khanate 6, 7 Dagestan and GCC relations 134 16,21,125-7, 245 Islamin 118-19 Russian Islam origins in 201 n.64 Davletshin, Gabdulla 32 diaspora (Dagestan’s) 21,126 diplomats ethno-confessional affiliation of 27 Muslims as ambassadors to Islamic countries 19,43-4 al-Diri, Abdul-Hassan 88 Doha Forum (2022) 138-9 Dubai Agreement (1971) 9 Dubai Expo 2020 85-6 Dubai Islamic Economy Development Centre 85 DUMES. See Spiritual Administration of Muslims of European Russia and Siberia DUMRT. See Muslim Spiritual Board of the
Republic of Tatarstan Dzheppar, Emine 136 economic relations Bashkortostan-GCC 15-16,129-32 Bashkortostan-Saudi 129 Dagestan-UAE 126 Ingushetia-Saudi 125 paradiplomacy and 70-1 Russia-GCC 110-15 Tatarstan-GCC 14, 20, 76-9, 90 Tatarstan-Russia 97 Tatarstan-Turkey 99-100 Tatarstan-UAE 84-5 US-Saudi 113 Egypt and Saudi relations 57 and USSR relations 62, 64-5 energy sector. See oil and gas industry Eurasian Leasing Company 91 Fakhretdinov, Rizaitdin 39-41,51-2, 164 n.116,166 n.131 federalism 96-7 FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 87 foreign investment Bahrain 88 GCC 90,112-13 Qatar 112-13 Turkey 99-100 UAE 84-6
246 foreign trade Bashkortostan-GCC 131 Dagestan-Iran 127 Dagestan-Saudi 126 Dagestan-UAE 126 Russia-GCC 112 Russia-UAE 110-11,112,144 Tatarstan-Bahrain 88 Tatarstan-GCC 78-9 Tatarstan-Kuwait 88-9 Tatarstan-Qatar 87 Tatarstan-Saudi 82 US-GCC 108 USSR-Kuwait 59 USSR-Saudi 56 US-UAE 144 France 148 Gadilov, L. Z. 16 Gaspinsky, Ismail 30 Gatin, Marat 14, 73,74, 81,84, 85, 87, 179 n.13 Gazprom Neft (company) 114 GCC. See Gulf Cooperation Council Genghis Khan, Mongol ruler 3, 5 geopolitics 95,103-10,115,126-7, 174Ո.133 Germany and Qatar energy partnership 139 support of pan-Turkism 53 Giesler, Rodney 12 gift distribution 37 Gimatdinov, Radik 82 Giray dynasty 6 global paradiplomacy 69-70,178 n.2 Golden Horde 5, 6,118 Gorbachev, Mikhail 63,96,100,175 n.156 Gordlevskii, Vladimir 4 Government of National Accord (Libya) 104 great power rivalry Britain and USSR 28 GCC and 103-6 impact on Tatarstan-GCC relations 20,61-8 over oil 66 Saudi’s radicalization and 83 Group of the Strategic Vision ‘RussiaIslamic World’ 74-7, 85, Index 87, 101-2, 115, 128,148, 185 n.86 Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). See also specific member nations, e.g. Bahrain establishment and membership of 9 funding of Islamic jihad 120 protest against Soviet invasion of Afghanistan 44 as regional powers 103-4 response to Ukraine Crisis 22,136 and Russian Muslim republics relations 11,18,21,117-18, 120-34 and Russia relations economic cooperation 110-15 implications for Tatarstan-GCC relations 103-15 modern times 75-6,115 role of Tatars in 1 -2 Ukraine Crisis and 135-6, 146-7 Washington factor and 106-10 support of Western
bloc 61 and Tatarstan relations 2 1917-90 (Soviet era) 19-20, 23-5,44-5 2000Տ-21 74-9, 96, 99 challenges and limitations 89-93 constructivist approach 10-11 emergence of 20, 69-74 historical background 19 impact of great power rivalry on 62-8 impact of Soviet Islamic policies on 53-6 impact of Ukraine Crisis on 1819 information sources on 14-15 military cooperation 114 Moscow-GCC relations impact on 103-15 Moscow-Kazan relations impact on 47-56 Moscow-Kazan relations implications for 96-103 pan-Turkism impact on 50-3 and US relations 103,106-10 and USSR relations
Index failure of 20 limited partnership 56-62 Tatars’ federal level role in 1-2, 19, 26-8, 52 Gulf Crisis (2017-21) 107-8,124 impact on Dagestan-GCC relations 126-7 impact on Tatarstan-Qatar relations 87 Russia’s non-intervention policy 106 Gulf War (1990-91) 60,137-8 Gumerov, EH. 16 Haftar, Khalifa, General 104,105 hajj 76, 83,125, 129, 153 n.46 9th to 15th centuries 6 Alexander I of Russia’s decree on 8 decline in numbers 42-3 hajj diplomacy 33-5 Soviet press on 54 al-Hajraf, Naef 76 halal economy/halal lifestyle 77-8, 85, 89, 90-1, 130, 147 Halliday, Fred 38,43 Hayat Kimya LLC 86,99 Houthi movement 144,145 human rights 108-9,142 Hussein bin Ali, Sheriff 27, 34, 41 Ibn Fadlan, Ahmad 4-5 Ibn Saud, Abd al’-Aziz, King of Saudi Arabia 2,55 Khakimov and 34-7 as protector of the hajj 38-9 Soviet delegation to Mecca Congress and 41-2 Ibragimov, Shagimardan 27,160 n.24 Idel-Ural State 24-5,49, 52 identity 10-11,18. See also Islamic identity IDEX. See International Defence Exhibition Ihsanoglu, Ekmeleddin 71 Ijara 91 Ilyas, Tagir 41 income tax 98-9 information sources 11-18 Ingushetia and GCC relations 124-5 247 Islam in 118 Intergovernmental Russian-United Arab Emirates Commission on Trade, Economic and Technical Cooperation 130 International Defence Exhibition (IDEX) 85,114,121 International Islamic Committee 39 Iran and Dagestan relations 126-7 military alliances 65 USSR interests in 174 n.133 and USSR relations 26, 62 Iran-Iraq War ( 1980-88) 59 Iraq-USSR relations 58 Iskhaki, Ayaz 24 Islam as cultural identity 189 n.38 ‘Islamic weapon’ 18, 23-8 in North Caucasus 117-20 in
Russia 922-1229 (spring of) 3-5 1229-1400 (summer of) 5-6 1400s-1583 (autumn of) 6-7,50 1583-1800S (winter of) 7-9, 55-6 1900s 47-8,100 emergence of 18, 201 n.64 periodization 2-3 rise of religious extremism 100-1 as soft power tool 100,101-2 in Tatarstan 4-5 in USSR 9,53-6 Islamic banking and finance 77-8,82-3, 85,90-2 Islamic Clergy Congress (1917) 48 Islamic Development Bank 82, 90-1 Islamic education 72-4 Islamic fundamentalism/ Wahhabism 72-3, 83-4,119 (shared) Islamic identity 1, 5 building relations through 6,100, 148 development of mutual economic interests and 80-4 Kadyrov and GCC 121-2 Khakimov and Saudi Arabia 33-8 limitations as connecting factor 90-2 in North Caucasus 119
248 religious collaboration and 14-15 Saudi and Russian Muslims 143 Self(s)-minority Self cooperation and 10-11,20-1,76-8,133-4, 148-9 Soviet era 20,47 Tatarstan paradiplomacy and 71-2 Israel 57, 64,104,108 Issaev, Leonid 105-6 Ittifaq Party 189n.38 Ivan III (the Great) 6 Ivan IV (the Terrible) 6-7 jadidism 8, 30, 32 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) (2015) 145 Judaism 4 Ka’ba 81,121 Kadyrov, Ahmad 121,134 Kadyrov, Ramzan 21,86,121-2,134 Kamaz (company) 85,114 Karakhan, Lev 36 Karamyshev, Ruslan 15,132-3 Karimi, Fatykh 51 Kasimov Khanate 7 Kasogi 4 Kastamonu Integrated Wood Industry LLC 99 Kazan Khanate 6-7, 8 Kazan Summit. See Russia-Islamic World Kazan Summit Kazan Tatars. See Volga Bulgars al-Ketbi, Ebtesam 143-4,145 Khakimov, Karim 2,16,23,27,28, 56, 151 n.5 differences between Sultan-Galiev and 49 education of 29-30 family background of 28-9 ‘Khakimov factor’ 128-9 Muslim identity of 33-8 as proletariat 30-3 Khakimov, Rafael’ 13,70-1,179 n.6 Khalid bin al-Walid 5 al-Khalifa, Abdullah bin Ahmad 136 al-Khalifa, Abdulrahman bin Mohammad bin Rashid, Shaykh 13, 75, 87-8, 112, 185 n.86 Index al-Khalifa, Hamad bin Isa, King of Bahrain 87,121,140 al-Khalifa, Salman bin Hamad, Crown Prince of Bahrain 121 Khamidulla, Almushev 153 n.46 Khamitov, Rustem 129 Khasanov, Habib 30 Khashoggi, Jamal 109,142 Khazar Khaganate 3-4 Khodorovsky, I. 25 Khrushchev, Nikita 63 Kirkhlyar Muslim cemetery (Derbent, Dagestan) 118,20ІП.64 Kiselev, Yevgeny 64-5 Kovalevskii, Egor 4 Kozhanov, Nikolay 16-17,105-6 Kuibyshhev, V. 32 Kuwait 1990-91 Iraqi invasion of 60 and Bashkortostan relations
130 independence of 9 plans to build an Islamic complex in Ingushetia 125 response to Ukraine Crisis 137-8 and Russia relations 111 and Tatarstan relations 22, 88-9 and US relations 58 and USSR relations 58-60 language crisis in 2017 98 Lavrov, Sergey 109,137,143 Lenin, Vladimir 26,49-50, 62 liberalism/neoliberalism 10 Libya 104,105 Libyan National Army 104 liquified natural gas (LNG) 114-15, 139-40 Lukoil 107,114 madhhab 133 Hanafi 4, 42, 72, 99,118,179 n. 14 Shafi 118 Magjulov, Magdiy 52 al-Maktoum, Mohammad bin Rashid 86 Manturov, Denis 113 Marjani Mosque (Kazan, Tatarstan) 55 al-Marri, Abdulla bin Touq 85 al-Mashat, Abdel Fattah bin Suleiman 76 Medina Publishing House 12
Index Mervan ibn Muhammad II, Caliph of Umayyad Caliphate 3 Mezhiev, Salah 127 Middle East. See also Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) leadership opportunities for GCC 103-4 nationalist movements in 62 Putin’s visits to 102,106,113,114, 121 Russian Foreign Policy Concept 111-12 Saudi’s balancing act in 140-2 USSR policy towards (1945-85) 623 World War II and 66-7 military aid to Arab world 64,113-14 to Bahrain 111 to Kuwait 111 to Qatar 113 Qatar-US cooperation 107,140 to Saudi 57,113 to Syria 65 toUAE 110-11,113 Minnikhanov, Rustam 2,13, 75, 76, 801,85-9, 98, 102, 121,181 n.32, 182 n.47,185 n.86 minorities paradiplomacy and 18 role in international relations 11 Russia and 149-50 and Self(s) relations 10-11,19-22, 76-8, 80-4, 133-4,148-9 Minullina, Taliya 13, 80, 82-4, 89, 90, 181 n.32 Mirsaiapov, Ruslan 15,128-33 Mishustin, Mikhail 89 Mohammad: Messenger of God (film: Majidi) 127 Mongol invasion 5-6 Mubadala Investment Company 146 Mubadala Petroleum 114 Multiate of Central Asia and Kazakhstan (Tashkent) 43 Mukhametshin, Farit 14 Mumtalakat Holding Company 88 al-Muqtadir, Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate 4-5 249 Muslim Brotherhood 106,121 Muslim Soldiers’ Congress (1917) 48 Muslim Spiritual Board of the Republic of Tatarstan (DUMRT) 44, 72, 77-8, 80 The Muslim Turko-Tatars in Inner Russia and Siberia 48-9 al-Nahyan, Abdullah bin Zayed 143 al-Nahyan, Mohammad bin Zayed 86, 106,142 al-Nahyan, Zayed bin Sultan 43, 84 Nasser, Gamal Abdel 57, 64-5 nationalism in Bashkortostan 32-3 in Middle East 62 of Tatars 24-5,44,47-50,71-2, 189 n.38 National Library of the Republic of Tatarstan
11 -12,159 n.7 Naumkin, Vitaly 12,16,26-7,160 n. 19 Neumann, Iver 10 New Thinking policy 63,175 n.156 Nizameddin, Talal 62-3 Nogay Horde 7 non-intervention and neutrality 106, 136-7 norms 10 North Caucasus 21,134 impact of Gulf Crisis (2017-21) on 126-7 Islamin 118 religious extremism in 100-1 Nurullin, Il’kham 14-15,92-3 Obama, Barack 107,145 Ogonek (journal) 41,167 n.146 OIC. See Organisation of Islamic Cooperation oil and gas industry 66,164 n.106 competition between RussiaQatar 139-40 cooperation 111 Russia-Qatar 107,114-15 Russia-Saudi 110 Russia-UAE 114 Tatarstan-Bahrain 88 Tatarstan-GCC 115 geopolitics and 103
250 Oman and Bashkortostan relations 15,130 response to Ukraine Crisis 22,137 and Russia relations 111 and Tatarstan relations 89 and USSR relations 61 OPEC. See Organisation of Petroleum and Exporting Countries Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly 8 Orenburg province 29-31 Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) 71, 72-3, 75 economic relations with Russian Muslim republics 76-9 Russia as observer 101,120 Organisation of Petroleum and Exporting Countries (OPEC) 101,114, 141,144 Orient 10-11 Other 10-11, 95,127,133-4, 148-9 Ottoman Turkey 6, See also Turkey Ozerov, Oleg 16, 34,160 n.24,162 n.46 ‘Packer’ company 129-30 Pakistan 65 Palestine 104 pan-Turkism 50-3,68 paradiplomacy 148 economic relations and 70-1 identity and 18 integration mechanisms 80 types of 69,178 n.2 Payzakat project 77 The People’s Commissariat for Foreign Affairs of the Russian SFSR 26 Peter I (the Great) 7, 8 power duality 47-50 pragmatism 102,104-5,142 Primakov, Yevgeny 74-5 Putin, Vladimir 2, 20, 76 2013 meeting with Muslim Spiritual Boards 102 2022 Bahrain king telecon with 1367 centralization of power under 95, 97-8,147-8 Chechnya’s support for 21 invitation to King Salman 81 Index rise to power 100-1,120 on UAE partnership 86 on unipolarity 101-2 visits to Middle East 102,106,107, 113,114,121 visit to Saudi 1 al-Qaradaghi, Ali 124 Qatar 66. See also Gulf Crisis (2017-21) and Ingushetia relations 124-5 and Russia relations economic and defence cooperation 112-13 Gulf Crisis (2017-21) and 101 Second Chechen War and 120 Ukraine Crisis and 22,138-40 Syrian War and 105 and Tatarstan relations 86-7 and
US relations 87,107-8,140 and USSR relations 60-1 Qatar Charitable Society 120 Qatar Investment Authority (QIA) 112, 146 Qatar Petroleum 107 QIA. See Qatar Investment Authority Ramaldanov, Gadzhiamin 16,126, 201 n.61 RDIF. See Russian Direct Investment Fund realism/neorealism/neoclassical realism 10 religion 3-4. See also Islam religious diplomacy 38-44 religious extremism, in North Caucasus 100-1,120 religious organisations. See also Russian Islamic organisations funding of Islamic jihad 120 religious soft power 100,101-2 Rosneft (company) 112,114 Rosoboroneksport (company) 111 al-Rumeikhi, Khalid 88 Russia. See also Soviet Union/USSR 1992 Federation Treaty 96-7 federal central authority 95, 97-8 geopolitical interests of 103-10 and Middle East relations impact of Ukraine Crisis on 1819,21-2
Index literature on 16-18 Tatars’ role in 1-2,19 religious soft power 100,101-2 subjugation of khanates 6-7 and Tatarstan relations future of 147-50 ‘On the Dimension of Jurisdictional Authority and the Mutual Delegation of Powers’ treaty 97-8 potential future of 22 since 1990s 20 Tatarstan model 96-7 Western sanctions 111, 146,186 n.99 Russia-Bahrain Business Council 111 Russia-Islamic World Kazan Summit 77-8, 85, 88, 147 Russian Direct Investment Fund (RDIF) 88,90,112-13,146 Russian Islamic Institute (Kazan) 78, 80 Russian Islamic organisations 80 in 1940s 55 first official 8 role in facilitation of GCC-Soviet relations 19,38-44 Russian Islamic University 180n.25 Russian language 29-30 Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs 80 Russian Muslim(s) integration into federal foreign policies 102,120-1,128,147 political and social activities in 1900s 47-8 Russian Muslim clergy “The Chain of Qur’an” and 51-2 meeting with King Salman 83-4 participation in 1926 Mecca Congress 39-42 Russian Orthodox Church 55 Russo-Ukrainian war (2022). See Ukraine Crisis (2022) Sabri, Ali 64-5 Said, Edward 10 al-Said, Haitham bin Tariq, Sultan of Oman 137 Sakharov, Ivan 12 Samigullin, Kamil’ Hazrat 14,73-4,76, 78, 82,83-4,90,100,180 n.26 251 Sassanid Empire 5 al-Saud, Fahd bin Salman 57 al-Saud, Faisal bin Abdulaziz, King of Saudi Arabia 37, 43, 57 al-Saud, Faisal bin Turki, Prince 140-1, 142 al-Saud, Khaled al-Faisal, Prince 76, 164 n.106 al-Saud, Khalid bin Abdulaziz, King of Saudi Arabia 57-8 al-Saud, Mohammad bin Salman, Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia 83, 109,142 al-Saud, Salman ibn Abd al-Aziz,
King of Saudi Arabia 1, 2, 75-6,109, 129 and Biden meeting 108 moderate Islam policies of 83,133 visit to Russia 81,83-4,106,113,125 Saudi Arabia and Bashkortostan relations 128-9 and Chechnya relations 120-1 de-Wahhabisation reforms in 83-4, 133 formation of 9 funding for Islamic education of Tatars 72-4 and Ingushetia relations 124,125 position on Chechen war 101 position on Syrian War 105 position on Ukraine Crisis 22 Russian Muslims and 143 and Russia relations economic and defence cooperation 112-13 first Saudi King visit to Moscow (2017) 81,83-4,106,113,125 impact of Ukraine Crisis on 1403 rapprochement 101,108-10 Russian Muslim consul in Jeddah 27-8 and Tatarstan relations 80-4, 89-90, 143 Soviet era 32 and US relations 57,113, 164 n. 106 deterioration of 101,107,109, 141-3 and USSR relations
252 establishment of 26-8 Khakimov’s role and contribution to 28-38,128-9 literature on 16 Muslim organizations’ role in 38-44 restoration of diplomatic relations 60,138 Saudi request for economic support 164 n.106 withdrawal of diplomatic relations 56-8 Sberbank 77 Second Chechen War (1999-2009) 101, 120 Self(s) -minority Self relations 10-11, 19-22, 76-8, 80-4, 133-4, 148-9 Sfakianakis, John 141 Shafi madhahib 118 Shagimardanov, Aydar 14, 91 -2, 186 n.104 Shaimiev, Mintimer 13,44, 71, 74-5,84, 98, 189 n.38 Sharaf, Asma-hanum 39-40 Sharafutdinova, Gulnaz 18, 71 Sharq of Mohammarrah (company) 58 Shi’ism 127 Shugaev, Dmitry 113 Siberian Khanate 7 Sibur (company) 114 Soviet Union/USSR. See also Russia anti-imperialist policy of 26, 62-3 collapse of 20, 96 decline of Tatarstan’s status within 19-20,47, 50-3 GCC-Russian Muslim republics relations under 118 GCC-Tatarstan relations under 1920, 23, 44-5 Gulf War ( 1990-91 ) and 60,138 impact of Soviet policy towards Islam 53-6 interests in Iran 174 n. 133 invasion of Afghanistan 44, 58 Islam in 9, 53-6 Islamic strategy of 23-8 Islamic strategy through religious organizations 38-44 Index Islamic strategy through Tatar diplomacy 28-38 Spiritual Administration of Muslims of European Russia and Siberia (DUMES) 43, 44. See also Central Muslim Spiritual Board of Inner Russia and Siberia Spiritual Directorate (Multiate) of Muslims in the North Caucasus (Buynaksk, Dagestan) 43 Spiritual Directorate of Muslims of the Transcaucasia (Baku, Azerbaijan) 43 Stalin, Josef 49-50 atheistic propaganda of 54-5 Hijaz consul 27 Middle East policy of
63 policy towards Muslim world 37-8 repression of pan-Islamism 51-2 strategic cultures 10 Stupak, Alexander 37 Sultan-Galiev, Mirsaid 49 Sunni 179 n.14 Supreme Islamic Affairs Council of Bahrain 13 Syrian War 102,105 Syria-USSR relations 65,107 Tadzhuddin, Taighat 44 taqiyya 55 Tarjemani, Kashaf 51-2,165 n.122 Tatars 1926 Mecca Congress and 40-1 Catherine Commission (1767-69) and 8 differences between Arabian states and 9 role in Soviet-GCC relations 1 -2, 19,26-8,43-4, 52 (see also Khakimov, Karim) ‘Tatar traditionalism’ 72 Tatarstan/TASSR as bridge between Russia and GCC/ QIC 102-3,115 establishment of Consulate General of Saudi Arabia in 89-90 formation of 47-50 separation between state and religion 44,71-2
Index status within Russia 95, 98-9,147-8 status within USSR 19-20 Tatarstan International Investment Company 90-1 Tatarstan Investment Development Agency (TIDA) 13,77-8, 80, 85, 90 al-Tawadi, Hassan 87 TGT Prime LLC 86 TIDA. See Tatarstan Investment Development Agency Togan, Zeki Velidi 50,119 Trakya Glass Rus 99 trans-border regional paradiplomacy 69, 178 n.2 trans-regional paradiplomacy 69, 178 n.2 Truman, Harry S. 63 Trump, Donald 108,186 n.99 TsDum. See Central Muslim Spiritual Board of Inner Russia and Siberia Tuimetov, lusuf 28 Turkey 1979 Muslim delegation to Kazan 55-6 establishment of 26 military alliances 65 and Russian relations 100,104 and Tatarstan relations 6,70, 99-100 and USSR relations 62,174 n.132 Turkic Khaganate 3 Tyuryakulov, Kazakh 38 UAE. See United Arab Emirates Ukraine Crisis (2022) Bahrain and Oman responses to 136-7 European response to 148-9 GCC’s response to 22,149-50 Gulf-Moscow-Kazan relations and 18-19,21-2,135 Kuwait’s response to 137-8 Qatar and 138-40 Russia-GCC relations and 135-6 Saudi and 140-3 Tatarstan-Qatar relations and 87 253 UAE and 143-7 Ulrichsen, Kristian 142 Umerov, Abdurahman 41,166n.l27 umrah 33, 34-5,72,76,81,83, 121 United Arab Emirates (UAE) 66 and Bashkortostan relations 129-30 and Chechnya relations 121,125 establishment of 9 and Ingushetia relations 125 and Russia relations 113,114 2018 Declaration of Strategic Partnership 86 Ukraine Crisis and 22,143-7 and Tatarstan relations 84-6,146-7 and US relations 143-5 and USSR relations 60 United States (US) Middle East policy 103,106-10,145 policy towards Saudi 141-3 Russia-
GCC relations and 106-8 sanctions on Russia 146,186 n.99 Syrian War and 105 and USSR relations Middle East and 63-4,67 non-Arab Muslim states and 65 USSR. See Soviet Union/USSR Volga Bulgaria/Bulgars 2, 3,4-5,147, 152Ո.19 Volga-Ural State. See Idel-Ural State Vorovsky, Vatslav 27 VTB Bank 112 Wahba, Hafiz 42 World Muslim Congress (1926: Mecca) 38-42,51-2 Yakupov, Linar 91 Yakupov, Valiulla 73,180 n.21 Yandarbiyev, Zelimkhan 101,120 Yeistin, Boris 96 Yemelianova, Galina 3,4 Yemen 106, 108, 144 Yevkurov, Yunus-bek 124 al-Zeid, Abdelrahman Zelenodoľsk Shipyard Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München 76 85 |
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| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV048879469 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1390809354 (DE-599)BVBBV048879469 |
| era | Geschichte gnd Geschichte 1917- gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte Geschichte 1917- |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Tatarstan (DE-588)4314332-5 gnd Golfstaaten (DE-588)4021571-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Tatarstan Golfstaaten |
| id | DE-604.BV048879469 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T21:45:47Z |
| indexdate | 2025-02-03T21:00:08Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780755646159 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034144238 |
| oclc_num | 1390809354 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-521 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-521 |
| physical | x, 253 Seiten |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20230719 |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateSearch | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | I. B. Tauris |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Galeeva, Diana Verfasser (DE-588)124977182X aut Russia and the GCC the case of Tatarstan's paradiplomacy Diana Galeeva Russia and the Gulf Cooperation Council London ; New York ; Oxford ; New Delhi ; Sydney I. B. Tauris 2023 x, 253 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Gulf Cooperation Council (DE-588)2088427-8 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1917- gnd rswk-swf Islam (DE-588)4027743-4 gnd rswk-swf Diplomatie (DE-588)4012402-2 gnd rswk-swf Tatarstan (DE-588)4314332-5 gnd rswk-swf Golfstaaten (DE-588)4021571-4 gnd rswk-swf Gulf Cooperation Council / https://isni.org/isni/0000000121621795 Russia (Federation) / Foreign relations / Middle East Middle East / Foreign relations / Russia (Federation) Tatarstan (Russia) / Politics and government Gulf Cooperation Council Diplomatic relations Politics and government Middle East Russia (Federation) Russia (Federation) / Tatarstan Tatarstan (DE-588)4314332-5 g Diplomatie (DE-588)4012402-2 s Islam (DE-588)4027743-4 s Gulf Cooperation Council (DE-588)2088427-8 b Golfstaaten (DE-588)4021571-4 g Geschichte 1917- z DE-604 Geschichte z Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, EPUB 978-0-7556-4617-3 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034144238&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034144238&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034144238&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Galeeva, Diana Russia and the GCC the case of Tatarstan's paradiplomacy Gulf Cooperation Council (DE-588)2088427-8 gnd Islam (DE-588)4027743-4 gnd Diplomatie (DE-588)4012402-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)2088427-8 (DE-588)4027743-4 (DE-588)4012402-2 (DE-588)4314332-5 (DE-588)4021571-4 |
| title | Russia and the GCC the case of Tatarstan's paradiplomacy |
| title_alt | Russia and the Gulf Cooperation Council |
| title_auth | Russia and the GCC the case of Tatarstan's paradiplomacy |
| title_exact_search | Russia and the GCC the case of Tatarstan's paradiplomacy |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Russia and the GCC the case of Tatarstan's paradiplomacy |
| title_full | Russia and the GCC the case of Tatarstan's paradiplomacy Diana Galeeva |
| title_fullStr | Russia and the GCC the case of Tatarstan's paradiplomacy Diana Galeeva |
| title_full_unstemmed | Russia and the GCC the case of Tatarstan's paradiplomacy Diana Galeeva |
| title_short | Russia and the GCC |
| title_sort | russia and the gcc the case of tatarstan s paradiplomacy |
| title_sub | the case of Tatarstan's paradiplomacy |
| topic | Gulf Cooperation Council (DE-588)2088427-8 gnd Islam (DE-588)4027743-4 gnd Diplomatie (DE-588)4012402-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Gulf Cooperation Council Islam Diplomatie Tatarstan Golfstaaten |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034144238&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034144238&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034144238&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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