A philosophical enquiry into the nature of Suhrawardī's illuminationism: light in the cave
"Tianyi Zhang offers in this study an innovative philosophical reconstruction of Shihāb al-Dīn al-Suhrawardī's (d. 1191) Illuminationism. Commonly portrayed as either a theosophist or an Avicennian in disguise, Suhrawardīappears here as an original and hardheaded philosopher who adopts mys...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Abschlussarbeit Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Leiden ; Boston
Brill
[2023]
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Investigating medieval philosophy
volume 17 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | "Tianyi Zhang offers in this study an innovative philosophical reconstruction of Shihāb al-Dīn al-Suhrawardī's (d. 1191) Illuminationism. Commonly portrayed as either a theosophist or an Avicennian in disguise, Suhrawardīappears here as an original and hardheaded philosopher who adopts mysticism only as a tool of philosophical inquiry. Zhang makes use of Plato's cave allegory to explain Suhrawardī's Illuminationist project. Focusing on three areas-the theory of presential knowledge, the ontological discussion of mental considerations, and Light Metaphysics-Zhang convincingly reveals the Nominalist and Existential nature of Illuminationism, and thereby proposes a new way of understanding how Suhrawardī's central philosophical ideas cohere"-- |
| Beschreibung: | XIII, 216 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9789004523715 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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Contents Acknowledgements xi Notes on Abbreviations and Translations xi i Introduction: The Cave Story: Suhrawardi’s Illuminationist Project i Background and Purpose 2 2 The Cave Story Approach 7 3 Scope and Methodology 10 i 1 From Four Peripatetic-Style Works to Hikmat al-Ishrãq 15 1 The Contents of the Four Peripatetic-Style Works 17 1.1 Al-Talwīhāt (The Intimations) and al-Lamahāt (The Glimpses) 17 1.2 Al-Muqāwamāt (The Oppositions) 20 1.3 Al-Mutārahāt (The Debates) 22 2 The Introduction to Hikmat al-Ishrãq (The Philosophy of Illumination) 24 2.1 Deification (ta’alluh) and Investigation (bahth) 25 2.2 The Ranking ofPhilosophers 27 2.3 The Contents ^Hikmat al-Ishrãq 30 3 The Functions of the Four Peripatetic-Style Works 31 4 Summary of Chapter 1 33 2 Presential Knowledge and the Nature of Illuminationist Philosophy 35 1 The Context of the Theory of Presential Knowledge 38 1.1 Two Problems with Avicenna’s Formal Knowledge 38 1.2 Avicenna’s Primitive Self-Awareness as the Starting Point 40 2 Establishing Illuminationist Presential Knowledge 44 2.1 Self-Apprehension 44 2.1.1 The Particularity Argument 44 2.1.2 The I-ness Argument 46 2.1.3 The Priority Argument 47 2.2 Apprehension of One’s Body and Bodily Faculties 48 2.3 Apprehension ofPain Caused by Amputation 48 2.4 Visual Perception 50 3 Presence as the Nature of All Human Knowledge 52 3.1 Two Conditionsfor Knowledge 52 3.2 The Nature ofHuman Knowledge 54 3.3 What Is “Illumination” (ւտԽօդ)? 59
VIII 4 5 6 CONTENTS Presentia] Knowledge as God’s Knowledge 6i 4.1 God’s Presential Knowledge ofEverything 61 4.2 God’s Knowledge ofParticulars 65 The Hierarchy of Knowledge in Illuminationism 70 5.1 Three Levels ofPresential Knowledge, and Formal Knowledge 5.2 The Relation between Presential Knowledge and Formal Knowledge 74 5.3 The Highest Human Presential Knowledge 76 Summary of Chapter 2 78 70 3 On Mental Considerations: Univocal Existence 81 1 The Context of the Discussion of Mental Considerations 83 1.1 Three Camps and Three Positions 83 1.2 Avicenna and Suhrawardi on the Quiddity-Existence Distinction 87 2 Suhrawardi’s Existentialism and Systematically Ambiguous Existence (al-wujūd bi-l-tashklk) 89 2.1 Univocal Existence (al-wujūd bi-1-tawâțu’) and Systematically Ambiguous Existence 91 2.2 Four Argumentsfor Suhrawardi’s Existentialism 93 3 The qusțâs (Test) and the Real-Mental Consideration Distinction 97 3.1 Analysis ofthe qusțâs 98 3.2 What Are Real and Mental Considerations? 104 4 Univocal Existence as a Mental Consideration 108 4.1 The Indifference Argument and the Infinite Regress of Existence 109 4.1.1 The Indifference Argument, Self-Predication and Non-Identity 109 4.1.2 Sawi’s Argument, and Two Peripatetic Defences 111 4.2 The Doubt Argument and the Infinite Regress ofExistence 115 4.3 The Hybrid Infinite Regress ofExistence and Relation 118 4 On Other Mental Considerations 122 1 Oneness, Contingency, and Necessity by Another 123 1.1 Oneness 123 1.1.1 The Indifference Argument and the Infinite Regress of Oneness 123 1.1.2 An Inference: All Numbers Are Mental
Considerations 125 1.2 Contingency {the Priority Argument and the Infinite Regress of Contingency) 126
CONTENTS Necessity by Another 128 1.3.1 The Hybrid Infinite Regress of Necessity and Contingency 128 1.3.2 The Hybrid Infinite Regress of Necessity and Existence 129 Summary of Suhrawardfs Arguments from Infinite Regresses 130 2.1 Ten Hybrid Infinite Regresses and Their Key Premises 130 2.2 The Universal Patterns ofthe Argumentsfrom Infinite Regresses 134 Genera and Differentiae; Determinables and Differentiae of Determinates 135 3.1 The Determinable-Differentia ofDeterminate Distinction 136 3.1.1 The Replaceability Argument 137 3.1.2 The Duality Argument 138 3.1.3 The Infinite Regress Argument 139 3.1.4 The Undefinability of Determinates (and All Simple Species) 140 3.2 The Genus-Differentia Distinction 143 3.2.1 The Replaceability Argument 144 3.2.2 The Infinite Regress Argument 145 3.3 Genera, Differentiae, Determinables, and Differentiae of Determinates as Mental Considerations 146 3.4 Individuation and Differentiation 147 3.5 Simple Species and Composite Species 153 Summary of Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 155 1.3 2 3 4 5 On Light Metaphysics: An Analysis of Book 1 of the Second Part of Hikmat al-Ishrãq 160 1 Light and Existence 162 1.1 Light as the Subject Matter ofMetaphysics 163 1.2 The Advantages ofLight 165 2 Light and Darkness 168 2.1 The Fourfold Light-Darkness Division 169 2.2 The Division ofLight 171 2.2.1 Light in the Non-metaphorical Sense 171 2.2.2 Immaterial Lights, and Adventitious Lights as Visible Lights 172 2.3 The Division ofDarkness 174 2.3.1 Dusky Substances, States Pertaining to Darkness, and Barriers (sing, barzakh) 174 2.3.2 The Division of Darkness
and Suhrawardi’s Critique of Hylomorphism 176 IX
3 4 5 The Argument for the Existence of Immaterial Lights 180 3.1 Argument 1: Adventitious Lights Are Impoverished 181 3.2 Argument 11: States Pertaining to Darkness Are Impoverished 183 3.3 Argument in: Dusky Substances Are Impoverished 184 3.4 Argument iv: Adventitious Lights, Dusty Substances, and States Pertaining to Darkness Cannot Cause Each Other 185 Immaterial Lights as Self-Apprehenders 186 4.1 The Immateriality and Substantiality ofImmaterial Lights 186 4.2 The Argument that Immaterial Lights Are Self-Apprehenders 188 4.2.1 The Main Argument from the Fourfold Light-Darkness Division 189 4.2.2 Argument 1: Self-Apprehension Requires No Form or Any Other Intermediaries 191 4.2.3 Argumentu: The Constancy of Self-Apprehension 191 4.2.4 Argument in: Whatever the Self Cannot Apprehend Constantly Is Not the Self 192 4.2.5 Argument iv: The Self Is the Self-Apprehender Itself, and the Manifest to Itself by Itself 194 Summary of Chapter 5 196 Conclusion Bibliography Index 213 199 203 |
| adam_txt |
Contents Acknowledgements xi Notes on Abbreviations and Translations xi i Introduction: The Cave Story: Suhrawardi’s Illuminationist Project i Background and Purpose 2 2 The Cave Story Approach 7 3 Scope and Methodology 10 i 1 From Four Peripatetic-Style Works to Hikmat al-Ishrãq 15 1 The Contents of the Four Peripatetic-Style Works 17 1.1 Al-Talwīhāt (The Intimations) and al-Lamahāt (The Glimpses) 17 1.2 Al-Muqāwamāt (The Oppositions) 20 1.3 Al-Mutārahāt (The Debates) 22 2 The Introduction to Hikmat al-Ishrãq (The Philosophy of Illumination) 24 2.1 Deification (ta’alluh) and Investigation (bahth) 25 2.2 The Ranking ofPhilosophers 27 2.3 The Contents ^Hikmat al-Ishrãq 30 3 The Functions of the Four Peripatetic-Style Works 31 4 Summary of Chapter 1 33 2 Presential Knowledge and the Nature of Illuminationist Philosophy 35 1 The Context of the Theory of Presential Knowledge 38 1.1 Two Problems with Avicenna’s Formal Knowledge 38 1.2 Avicenna’s Primitive Self-Awareness as the Starting Point 40 2 Establishing Illuminationist Presential Knowledge 44 2.1 Self-Apprehension 44 2.1.1 The Particularity Argument 44 2.1.2 The I-ness Argument 46 2.1.3 The Priority Argument 47 2.2 Apprehension of One’s Body and Bodily Faculties 48 2.3 Apprehension ofPain Caused by Amputation 48 2.4 Visual Perception 50 3 Presence as the Nature of All Human Knowledge 52 3.1 Two Conditionsfor Knowledge 52 3.2 The Nature ofHuman Knowledge 54 3.3 What Is “Illumination” (ւտԽօդ)? 59
VIII 4 5 6 CONTENTS Presentia] Knowledge as God’s Knowledge 6i 4.1 God’s Presential Knowledge ofEverything 61 4.2 God’s Knowledge ofParticulars 65 The Hierarchy of Knowledge in Illuminationism 70 5.1 Three Levels ofPresential Knowledge, and Formal Knowledge 5.2 The Relation between Presential Knowledge and Formal Knowledge 74 5.3 The Highest Human Presential Knowledge 76 Summary of Chapter 2 78 70 3 On Mental Considerations: Univocal Existence 81 1 The Context of the Discussion of Mental Considerations 83 1.1 Three Camps and Three Positions 83 1.2 Avicenna and Suhrawardi on the Quiddity-Existence Distinction 87 2 Suhrawardi’s Existentialism and Systematically Ambiguous Existence (al-wujūd bi-l-tashklk) 89 2.1 Univocal Existence (al-wujūd bi-1-tawâțu’) and Systematically Ambiguous Existence 91 2.2 Four Argumentsfor Suhrawardi’s Existentialism 93 3 The qusțâs (Test) and the Real-Mental Consideration Distinction 97 3.1 Analysis ofthe qusțâs 98 3.2 What Are Real and Mental Considerations? 104 4 Univocal Existence as a Mental Consideration 108 4.1 The Indifference Argument and the Infinite Regress of Existence 109 4.1.1 The Indifference Argument, Self-Predication and Non-Identity 109 4.1.2 Sawi’s Argument, and Two Peripatetic Defences 111 4.2 The Doubt Argument and the Infinite Regress ofExistence 115 4.3 The Hybrid Infinite Regress ofExistence and Relation 118 4 On Other Mental Considerations 122 1 Oneness, Contingency, and Necessity by Another 123 1.1 Oneness 123 1.1.1 The Indifference Argument and the Infinite Regress of Oneness 123 1.1.2 An Inference: All Numbers Are Mental
Considerations 125 1.2 Contingency {the Priority Argument and the Infinite Regress of Contingency) 126
CONTENTS Necessity by Another 128 1.3.1 The Hybrid Infinite Regress of Necessity and Contingency 128 1.3.2 The Hybrid Infinite Regress of Necessity and Existence 129 Summary of Suhrawardfs Arguments from Infinite Regresses 130 2.1 Ten Hybrid Infinite Regresses and Their Key Premises 130 2.2 The Universal Patterns ofthe Argumentsfrom Infinite Regresses 134 Genera and Differentiae; Determinables and Differentiae of Determinates 135 3.1 The Determinable-Differentia ofDeterminate Distinction 136 3.1.1 The Replaceability Argument 137 3.1.2 The Duality Argument 138 3.1.3 The Infinite Regress Argument 139 3.1.4 The Undefinability of Determinates (and All Simple Species) 140 3.2 The Genus-Differentia Distinction 143 3.2.1 The Replaceability Argument 144 3.2.2 The Infinite Regress Argument 145 3.3 Genera, Differentiae, Determinables, and Differentiae of Determinates as Mental Considerations 146 3.4 Individuation and Differentiation 147 3.5 Simple Species and Composite Species 153 Summary of Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 155 1.3 2 3 4 5 On Light Metaphysics: An Analysis of Book 1 of the Second Part of Hikmat al-Ishrãq 160 1 Light and Existence 162 1.1 Light as the Subject Matter ofMetaphysics 163 1.2 The Advantages ofLight 165 2 Light and Darkness 168 2.1 The Fourfold Light-Darkness Division 169 2.2 The Division ofLight 171 2.2.1 Light in the Non-metaphorical Sense 171 2.2.2 Immaterial Lights, and Adventitious Lights as Visible Lights 172 2.3 The Division ofDarkness 174 2.3.1 Dusky Substances, States Pertaining to Darkness, and Barriers (sing, barzakh) 174 2.3.2 The Division of Darkness
and Suhrawardi’s Critique of Hylomorphism 176 IX
3 4 5 The Argument for the Existence of Immaterial Lights 180 3.1 Argument 1: Adventitious Lights Are Impoverished 181 3.2 Argument 11: States Pertaining to Darkness Are Impoverished 183 3.3 Argument in: Dusky Substances Are Impoverished 184 3.4 Argument iv: Adventitious Lights, Dusty Substances, and States Pertaining to Darkness Cannot Cause Each Other 185 Immaterial Lights as Self-Apprehenders 186 4.1 The Immateriality and Substantiality ofImmaterial Lights 186 4.2 The Argument that Immaterial Lights Are Self-Apprehenders 188 4.2.1 The Main Argument from the Fourfold Light-Darkness Division 189 4.2.2 Argument 1: Self-Apprehension Requires No Form or Any Other Intermediaries 191 4.2.3 Argumentu: The Constancy of Self-Apprehension 191 4.2.4 Argument in: Whatever the Self Cannot Apprehend Constantly Is Not the Self 192 4.2.5 Argument iv: The Self Is the Self-Apprehender Itself, and the Manifest to Itself by Itself 194 Summary of Chapter 5 196 Conclusion Bibliography Index 213 199 203 |
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| series | Investigating medieval philosophy |
| series2 | Investigating medieval philosophy |
| spelling | Zhang, Tianyi Verfasser (DE-588)1291272690 aut Light in the cave A philosophical enquiry into the nature of Suhrawardī's illuminationism light in the cave by Tianyi Zhang Leiden ; Boston Brill [2023] © 2023 XIII, 216 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Investigating medieval philosophy volume 17 Dissertation University of Cambridge 2019 Revision "Tianyi Zhang offers in this study an innovative philosophical reconstruction of Shihāb al-Dīn al-Suhrawardī's (d. 1191) Illuminationism. Commonly portrayed as either a theosophist or an Avicennian in disguise, Suhrawardīappears here as an original and hardheaded philosopher who adopts mysticism only as a tool of philosophical inquiry. Zhang makes use of Plato's cave allegory to explain Suhrawardī's Illuminationist project. Focusing on three areas-the theory of presential knowledge, the ontological discussion of mental considerations, and Light Metaphysics-Zhang convincingly reveals the Nominalist and Existential nature of Illuminationism, and thereby proposes a new way of understanding how Suhrawardī's central philosophical ideas cohere"-- Suhrawardī, Yaḥyā Ibn-Ḥabaš as- 1152-1191 (DE-588)119031671 gnd rswk-swf Islamische Philosophie (DE-588)4137531-2 gnd rswk-swf Erleuchtung (DE-588)4137271-2 gnd rswk-swf Suhrawardī, Yaḥyá ibn Ḥabash / 1152 or 1153-1191 Ishrāqīyah Islamic philosophy (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Suhrawardī, Yaḥyā Ibn-Ḥabaš as- 1152-1191 (DE-588)119031671 p Erleuchtung (DE-588)4137271-2 s Islamische Philosophie (DE-588)4137531-2 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, PDF 978-90-04-52774-4 Investigating medieval philosophy volume 17 (DE-604)BV036880157 17 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034117890&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Zhang, Tianyi A philosophical enquiry into the nature of Suhrawardī's illuminationism light in the cave Investigating medieval philosophy Suhrawardī, Yaḥyā Ibn-Ḥabaš as- 1152-1191 (DE-588)119031671 gnd Islamische Philosophie (DE-588)4137531-2 gnd Erleuchtung (DE-588)4137271-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)119031671 (DE-588)4137531-2 (DE-588)4137271-2 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | A philosophical enquiry into the nature of Suhrawardī's illuminationism light in the cave |
| title_alt | Light in the cave |
| title_auth | A philosophical enquiry into the nature of Suhrawardī's illuminationism light in the cave |
| title_exact_search | A philosophical enquiry into the nature of Suhrawardī's illuminationism light in the cave |
| title_exact_search_txtP | A philosophical enquiry into the nature of Suhrawardī's illuminationism light in the cave |
| title_full | A philosophical enquiry into the nature of Suhrawardī's illuminationism light in the cave by Tianyi Zhang |
| title_fullStr | A philosophical enquiry into the nature of Suhrawardī's illuminationism light in the cave by Tianyi Zhang |
| title_full_unstemmed | A philosophical enquiry into the nature of Suhrawardī's illuminationism light in the cave by Tianyi Zhang |
| title_short | A philosophical enquiry into the nature of Suhrawardī's illuminationism |
| title_sort | a philosophical enquiry into the nature of suhrawardi s illuminationism light in the cave |
| title_sub | light in the cave |
| topic | Suhrawardī, Yaḥyā Ibn-Ḥabaš as- 1152-1191 (DE-588)119031671 gnd Islamische Philosophie (DE-588)4137531-2 gnd Erleuchtung (DE-588)4137271-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Suhrawardī, Yaḥyā Ibn-Ḥabaš as- 1152-1191 Islamische Philosophie Erleuchtung Hochschulschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034117890&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV036880157 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zhangtianyi lightinthecave AT zhangtianyi aphilosophicalenquiryintothenatureofsuhrawardisilluminationismlightinthecave |