Cognitive errors and diagnostic mistakes: a case-based guide to critical thinking in medicine
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cham
Springer
[2019]
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | XIII, 588 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9783319932231 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents 1 Introduction............................................................................................. Summary................................................................................................... Errors in Medicine................................................................................... Cognitive Biases....................................................................................... Cognitive Biases in Medicine................................................................... This Book................................................................................................. 1 1 2 4 7 8 2 Ambiguity Effect..................................................................................... 15 3 Bandwagon Effect and Authority Bias................................................. Social Loafing and Diffusion of Responsibility...................................... Reactance Bias......................................................................................... 21 41 46 4 Confirmation Bias, MotivatedCognition, the Backfire Effect............ Belief Bias........................................ ........................................................ 57 75 5 Curse of Knowledge............................................................................... 89 6 Decision Fatigue..................................................................................... 93 7 Feedback Sanction................................................................................. 103 8 Financial
Bias......................................................................................... Mere Exposure Effect and Norm of Reciprocity.................................... 109 122 9 Forer Effect............................................................................................. 139 10 Framing Effect and Loss Aversion......................................................... Sunk Costs, Endowment Effect,Choice-Supportive Bias....................... Anchoring Effect....................................................................................... Contrast Effect......................................................................................... 145 150 155 163 11 Affective Error....................................................................................... Attribution Biases: The Fundamental Attribution Error and Self-Serving Bias............................................................................... 169 183 ix
Contents x 12 Gambler’s Fallacy and Hot Hand Fallacy.............................................. 13 Hasty Generalization, Survival Bias, Special Pleading, and Burden of Proof............................................................................. 211 Survival Bias, Special Pleading, and Burden of Proof............................... 225 14 Hindsight Bias and OutcomeBias.............................................................. False Memories............................................................................................... 247 254 15 Blusionary Correlation, FalseCausation, and Clustering Illusion........ 265 16 In-Group Favoritism.................................................................................... 285 17 Information Bias.......................................................................................... 303 18 Nosology Trap............................................................................................... 307 19 Omission Bias............................................................................................... Commission Bias........................................................................................... 321 327 20 Overchoice and Decision Avoidance........................................................ 345 21 Overconfidence Bias.................................................................................... 351 22 Patient Satisfaction Error.......................................................................... 369 23 Premature Closure: AnchoringBias, Occam’s Error, Availability Bias, Search
Satisficing, Yin-Yang Error, Diagnosis Momentum, TriageCueing, and Unpacking Failure.......... Introduction..................................................................................................... Anchoring Bias............................................................................................... Occam’s Error................................................................................................. Availability Heuristic.................................................................................... Search Satisficing........................................................................................... Yin-Yang Error............................................................................................... Diagnosis Momentum.................................................................................... Triage Cueing................................................................................................. Unpacking Failure........................................................................................... Failure-To-Close Error.................................................................................. 379 379 379 386 389 396 404 406 408 414 417 24 Representativeness Bias.............................................................................. Base Rate Neglect........................................................................................... Zebra Retreat................................................................................................... 425 429 438 25 Screening
Errors.................................................. 445 26 Selection Bias and Endowment Effect....................................................... Introduction........................................ Application Steps................................................. 457 457 457 27 Semmelweis Reflex................................ Galileo Fallacy. 203 .467 473
Contents xi 28 Systems Errors....................................................................................... 501 Alarm Fatigue........................................................................................... 501 Defensive Medicine................................................................................. 506 Graded Clinician Error............................................................................ 511 The Electronic Medical Record Error...................................................... 514 29 Blind Spot Bias....................................................................................... 525 30 Research Errors..................................................................................... Introduction............................................................................................... Expectation Bias....................................................................................... Р-Hacking and HARKing........................................................................ File Drawer EffectTPublication Bias........................................................ Poor Surrogate Outcomes........................................................................ Non-Representative Study Populations:.................................................. Citation Plagiarism................................................................................... Lack of Replication................................................................................... Predatory
Publishers................................................................................. Conflicts of Interest................................................................................... Legal Threats............................................................................................. Ghostwriting............................................................................................. Fraud......................................................................................................... Solutions................................................................................................... Conclusion............................................................................................... 537 537 538 541 546 547 548 549 549 551 553 554 555 556 559 565 Index................................................................................................................. 577
Jonathan Howard Cognitive Errors and Diagnostic Mistakes A Case-Based Guide to Critical Thinking in Medicine this case-based book illustrates and explores common cognitive biases and their consequences in the practice of medicine, lhe book begins with an introduction that explains the concept of cognitive errors and their importance in clinical medicine and current contro versies within healthcare. Ihe core of the book features chapters dedi cated to particular cognitive biases; cases are presented and followed by a discussion of՝ the clinician’s rationale and an overview ot the par ticular cognitive bias. Engaging and easy to read, this text provides strategies on minimizing cognitive errors in various medical and pro fessional settings.
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| adam_txt |
Contents 1 Introduction. Summary. Errors in Medicine. Cognitive Biases. Cognitive Biases in Medicine. This Book. 1 1 2 4 7 8 2 Ambiguity Effect. 15 3 Bandwagon Effect and Authority Bias. Social Loafing and Diffusion of Responsibility. Reactance Bias. 21 41 46 4 Confirmation Bias, MotivatedCognition, the Backfire Effect. Belief Bias. . 57 75 5 Curse of Knowledge. 89 6 Decision Fatigue. 93 7 Feedback Sanction. 103 8 Financial
Bias. Mere Exposure Effect and Norm of Reciprocity. 109 122 9 Forer Effect. 139 10 Framing Effect and Loss Aversion. Sunk Costs, Endowment Effect,Choice-Supportive Bias. Anchoring Effect. Contrast Effect. 145 150 155 163 11 Affective Error. Attribution Biases: The Fundamental Attribution Error and Self-Serving Bias. 169 183 ix
Contents x 12 Gambler’s Fallacy and Hot Hand Fallacy. 13 Hasty Generalization, Survival Bias, Special Pleading, and Burden of Proof. 211 Survival Bias, Special Pleading, and Burden of Proof. 225 14 Hindsight Bias and OutcomeBias. False Memories. 247 254 15 Blusionary Correlation, FalseCausation, and Clustering Illusion. 265 16 In-Group Favoritism. 285 17 Information Bias. 303 18 Nosology Trap. 307 19 Omission Bias. Commission Bias. 321 327 20 Overchoice and Decision Avoidance. 345 21 Overconfidence Bias. 351 22 Patient Satisfaction Error. 369 23 Premature Closure: AnchoringBias, Occam’s Error, Availability Bias, Search
Satisficing, Yin-Yang Error, Diagnosis Momentum, TriageCueing, and Unpacking Failure. Introduction. Anchoring Bias. Occam’s Error. Availability Heuristic. Search Satisficing. Yin-Yang Error. Diagnosis Momentum. Triage Cueing. Unpacking Failure. Failure-To-Close Error. 379 379 379 386 389 396 404 406 408 414 417 24 Representativeness Bias. Base Rate Neglect. Zebra Retreat. 425 429 438 25 Screening
Errors. 445 26 Selection Bias and Endowment Effect. Introduction. Application Steps. 457 457 457 27 Semmelweis Reflex. Galileo Fallacy. 203 .467 473
Contents xi 28 Systems Errors. 501 Alarm Fatigue. 501 Defensive Medicine. 506 Graded Clinician Error. 511 The Electronic Medical Record Error. 514 29 Blind Spot Bias. 525 30 Research Errors. Introduction. Expectation Bias. Р-Hacking and HARKing. File Drawer EffectTPublication Bias. Poor Surrogate Outcomes. Non-Representative Study Populations:. Citation Plagiarism. Lack of Replication. Predatory
Publishers. Conflicts of Interest. Legal Threats. Ghostwriting. Fraud. Solutions. Conclusion. 537 537 538 541 546 547 548 549 549 551 553 554 555 556 559 565 Index. 577
Jonathan Howard Cognitive Errors and Diagnostic Mistakes A Case-Based Guide to Critical Thinking in Medicine 'this case-based book illustrates and explores common cognitive biases and their consequences in the practice of medicine, lhe book begins with an introduction that explains the concept of cognitive errors and their importance in clinical medicine and current contro versies within healthcare. Ihe core of the book features chapters dedi cated to particular cognitive biases; cases are presented and followed by a discussion of՝ the clinician’s rationale and an overview ot the par ticular cognitive bias. Engaging and easy to read, this text provides strategies on minimizing cognitive errors in various medical and pro fessional settings. |
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| isbn | 9783319932231 |
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| spellingShingle | Howard, Jonathan 1975- Cognitive errors and diagnostic mistakes a case-based guide to critical thinking in medicine General Practice / Family Medicine Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Drug Safety and Pharmacovigilance Neurology Family medicine Medicine Klinische Medizin (DE-588)4134748-1 gnd Fehldiagnose (DE-588)4131111-5 gnd Irrtum (DE-588)4140092-6 gnd Kritisches Denken (DE-588)4231288-7 gnd |
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| title | Cognitive errors and diagnostic mistakes a case-based guide to critical thinking in medicine |
| title_auth | Cognitive errors and diagnostic mistakes a case-based guide to critical thinking in medicine |
| title_exact_search | Cognitive errors and diagnostic mistakes a case-based guide to critical thinking in medicine |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Cognitive errors and diagnostic mistakes a case-based guide to critical thinking in medicine |
| title_full | Cognitive errors and diagnostic mistakes a case-based guide to critical thinking in medicine Jonathan Howard |
| title_fullStr | Cognitive errors and diagnostic mistakes a case-based guide to critical thinking in medicine Jonathan Howard |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cognitive errors and diagnostic mistakes a case-based guide to critical thinking in medicine Jonathan Howard |
| title_short | Cognitive errors and diagnostic mistakes |
| title_sort | cognitive errors and diagnostic mistakes a case based guide to critical thinking in medicine |
| title_sub | a case-based guide to critical thinking in medicine |
| topic | General Practice / Family Medicine Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Drug Safety and Pharmacovigilance Neurology Family medicine Medicine Klinische Medizin (DE-588)4134748-1 gnd Fehldiagnose (DE-588)4131111-5 gnd Irrtum (DE-588)4140092-6 gnd Kritisches Denken (DE-588)4231288-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | General Practice / Family Medicine Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Drug Safety and Pharmacovigilance Neurology Family medicine Medicine Klinische Medizin Fehldiagnose Irrtum Kritisches Denken |
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