New perspectives on the Greek war of independence: myths, realities, legacies and reflections
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| adam_text | Contents Part I 1 1 New Perspectives The Greek Revolution 200 Years On: New Perspectives and Legacies Yianni Cartledge and Andrekos Várnává 3 2 The Transnational Foundations of the Greek Revolution of 1821 23 Michalis Sotiropoulos 3 4 New Perspectives in Local Societies During the Greek War of Independence: The Consular Experience in the Aegean Maria Spiliotopoulou and Eleftheria Zei Greece of the North?: Philhellenism, Hellenism, and Contemporary Perspectives of the Greek War of Independence in Iceland Arnór Gunnar Gunnarsson 45 67 ix
CONTENTS X Part II Myths and Realities 87 5 A Local Uprising in an Ottoman Province? Mora/Morea, March 1821 89 Anna Vlachopoulou 6 Migrations, Exodus, and Resettlement during the Greek War of Independence (1821-1830) 109 Dilek Özkan Pantazis 7 Privateering during the Greek War of Independence (1821-1829): Issues of Legitimacy, Organisation, and Economics of a War-Induced Practice 129 Katerina Galani and Gelina Harlaftis 8 The United States as a Haven for Greek Revolutionary War Orphans? Myth and Reality 155 Gonda Van Steen Partili 9 Legacies and Reflections Cyprus and 1821: Myths, Realities and Legacies Andrekos Várnává 181 183 10 The Chios Massacre (1822) and Chiot Emigration: A Coerced Diaspora 217 Yianni Cartledge 11 Devoted to the Cause of Freedom: Jonathan Peckham Aliller, Philhellenism, and the Transatlantic Struggle for Liberation 243 Christopher Helali 12 Russian Historiography and the Greek Revolution: Trends and Interpretations (1821-2021) Lucien Frary 271
CONTENTS 13 The Shot Heard Round the World: The Greek Revolution’s Legacy in Poetry ХІ 297 David Ricks 14 Greek Independence and Its Significance to the Development of International Law Chris Kourakis and Yianni Cartledge Index 321 339
Index1 A Abdul Hamid II (Sultan), 232 Abolitíonism/abolitíonist/ abolitionists, 17,169,170,173, 249,256-259, 261-264, 268 Abolition of Slavery International Conference London (1840), 17, 259,261 About, Edmond, 282 Acre, 192 Acropolis, 275 Adams, John Quincy, 328, 328nl0 Adana, 192 Adelaide/Adelaidean, 322 Adrianople (Treaty), 123, 277, 289 Adriatic, 39, 42 Aegean, 16, 23, 32, 38, 45-65, НОпЗ, 114,131-134,141, 143-146,148,149,152, 217, 219,220, 225,277, 279, 287, 326 Aegina, 111, 121Ո43,148,174 Aeschylus, 272 Africa/Africans, 74, 227, 245, 247, 249, 257, 261, 264n84, 335 Ağa (Aga), 37,121, 124 Agamemnon (ship), 139, 272 Agelasto (family), 234, 235 Ąghia Paraskevi (ship), 142 Agios Elias, Cyprus, 191 Agistri, 174 Ahmed III (Sultan), 91 Ainos, 132 Aitoliko, 132, 252 Aksakov, Konstantin, 281 Albania/Albanian, 9, 73,100, 113nll, 119,119n33,191, 252, 289, 299, 310-312,318 Albanian War, 205 Alby, Goulielmos, 61-63 Alexander I of Russia, 274, 327, 331 Alexander III of Russia, 285 Alexander the Great, 316 Alexandria, 141 Ali Aga, 37 Ali Namık Paşa, 115 Note: Page numbers followed by ‘n’ refer to notes. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022 Y. Cartledge, A. Varnava (eds.), New Perspectives on the Greek War of Independence, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031T0849-5 339
340 INDEX Ali Pasha (Tepedelenli Ali Pașa), 9,10, 15ո34, ЗО, 34, 35, 73, 77, 101, 10Խ34, 124 American, 17, 26, 33,126,156-159, 159ո6,161,164nll, 165-172, 165nl4,172n32,174-176, 246, 251, 253, 260, 261, 263, 264, 266, 267, 300, 302, 316, 324, 328, 334 American Anti-Slavery Society, 258 American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM), 164nl2,166,166n20 American Civil War, 248, 330 American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association (AHEPA), 157,157n3,177 American Revolution, 77, 244, 247, 249, 324 Amherst College, 170,172n32 Amsterdam, 231 Anagnostakis, Manolis, 315, 316 Anagnostaras, 36 Anatolia (Asia Minor), 3, 30nl2, 48n5, 111, 132,141,226, 227, 280, 326, 327, 332 Ancient Greece/Ancient Greek, 39, 68-72, 79, 81-84,157,170, 171,183, 272, 276, 28Խ16 Ancona, 46, 111, 221, 226 Andros, 48, 49,132 Androutsos, Odysseas, 311, 312, 317 Anglo-Egyptian Bank, 237 Anglo-Hellenic League, 237 Annenskaia, Aleksandra, 286 Anti-colonial, 34, 90 Antiparos, 48 Antiquities, 12, 64, 69, 70, 79, 82, 83,170,211,273, 274, 279nl2, 286 Antoniadis, Emmanouel, 144 Archons, archontes, 7 Areopoli, 10 Argenti (family), 226, 234 Argenti, Ambrosios, 229 Argenti, Nicolas, 238 Argenti, Philip, 238 Argentina/Argentinian, 324, 332 Argolida ( Argolis), 147 Argos, 117 Argo-Saronic islands, 111 Aristocracy/aristocrat/aristocratic, 166, 223, 326 Aristotle, 158, 265, 281 Årmann A Alįingi, 78, 79ո43 Armatoloi, armatoUs, ármatelos, 35, 37,40,41,138 Armenia/Armenians, 17,46,164, 165nl4,171ո29, 219, 230, 232, 236, 238, 239 Armenian General Benevolent Union, 238 Armenian Genocide, 232 Armenian Relief
Society, 238 Arms, Jonathan, 256 Arms, Sarah, 256 Arrian, 316 Arsh, Grigorii, 18, 288-290, 292 Arta-Volos line, 123n52 Artemis, Agesilaos, 203 Astaritis, Antonios, 145 Atatiirk, Mustaíà Kemal, 3, 309 Athens, 62,110,110n2,116,132n8, 134,159n6,165nl5,166nl7, 204,205,211,253,254n40 Athens University, 290 Athina (ship), 139 Atlanta, 157 Atlantic, 137, 237, 245, 247, 249, 254, 268 Auden, W. H., 301 Australia, 161n9,183,184, 184nl, 194, 206, 324,334 Austria/Austrian, 10, 50, 52, 62, 76, 112,145,149,150, 326, 327, 330
INDEX Autonomous/autonomy, 7, 29, 37, 94nl4,158, 329-331 Axis, 205 Axis Occupation, 311 Ayan/ayans, 29, 30, 30nl2, 33, 92, 93, 98, 99,101-104 Ayvalık, 110, 121,121n43,121n45, 122,124 Azim Efendi, 97 В Balkan/Balkans, 5, 6, 23, 30, 30nl2, 32,33, 92n8,119,130, 244, 245, 278, 279, 282, 283, 285, 286,288-291,294, 326 Balkan Wars, 237, 285, 309 Baltic Exchange, 233, 234, 236, 239 Baltic Sea, 234 Barbarism/barbaric, 16, 81,176,186, 265, 266, 274 Barbary Coast, 135 Barker, Thomas (of Bath), 220 Bastille Day, 323 Bavaria, Bavarian, 11, 260n67 Baylies, Nicholas, 256 Bayswater, 229-231, 238 Bažili, Konstantin, 18, 279, 280 Belgium, Belgian, 13, 325 Belligerency/belligerent/belligerents, 322, 330 Benakis, Panagiotis, 94nl4, 96,99-101 Bentham, Jeremy, 236 Berlin, Vermont, 169, 245, 245n3, 246,255-259 Bessarabia, 287, 290 Beyhan Sultana, 97, 98,104n44 Bible, 103,171, 263 Birney, James G., 258 Black Sea, 8, 29, 32, 33,122n48,131, 137,142,152,221,223,234, 235, 277, 279, 287, 326 341 Bogorides, Athanasios, 249 Bolivar, Simón, 311, 312 Bonnet, Frederic, 54, 56 Bosnia, 285, 321 Bosphorus, 111 Boston/Bostonian, 156,160,165nl6, 166,174, 250-252, 264 Botassis, Nicolaos, 142,145 Botsaris, Markos, 212, 275, 302 Bouboulina, Laskarina, 212, 272 Bournias, Antonios, 219 Boyar, 223 Boyer, Jean-Pierre, 249 Bremen, 231 Brezhnev, Leonid, 290 Britain (United Kingdom), British, 3, 11,17, 25,26, 28,31,34, 38, 39, 41, 55, 61-63, 125, 130-132, 135, 137,139, 145, 150,160,161,164,183,184, 186,192-206, 218, 219, 222, 224-226, 231, 232, 235-239, 246, 251, 252, 259, 261, 265, 289, 301, 303, 317, 322-324, 325n7,
326-331, 333, 334, 336 See also England Briullov, Karl, 272 Brøndsted, Peter Oluf, 69, 72 Brougham, Lord Henry Peter, 259 Bryant, WiUiam Cullen, 170,171,175 Bucharest, 221 Buckley, Kenneth, 206 Bulgaria/Bulgarians, 285, 308 Bulgarin, Faddei, 275 Bursa, 116nl8,121n45 Büyükdere, 122n49 Byron, Lord George Gordon, 80, 212, 230, 236, 244, 248, 250, 252, 253, 255, 266, 286, 307 Byzantine/Byzantium, 7, 92, 223, 272, 273, 279, 281, 283, 283n21,293, 306, 313, 326
342 INDEX C Cairo, 238 California, 324 Caliphate, 211, 264 Calvo, Carlos, 332 Calvocoressi (family), 169, 224, 226 Calvocoressi, M. D., 224 Calvocoressi, Peter, 224, 238 Canada, 246, 258 Canning, George, 289, 328-331 Canning, Stratford, 331 Canterbury, 231 Caralli (family), 234 Carbonari, 104 Carne, John, 193 Carrer, Pavlos, 306 Castanis, Christophorus Plato, 17, 160-162,161n9,169, 227, 256 Castlereagh, Lord (Robert Stewart), 327-329 Catherine II of Russia (Catherine the Great), 100, 273, 276, 279, 290, 292 Catholic/Catholicism, 53, 54, 57-63, 61n44, 65,144 Cavafy, Constantine, 309 Cavo D’Oro, 142 Çelebi, Evliya, 93 Censorship, 76, 275 Central America/Central American, 324n5 Chalkida (Chaicis), 142 Chancellor (ship), 254 Chania, 116,118 Charleston, 235 Chateaubriand, François-René de, 72 Chesme, 132 Chian Federation, 237 China, 235, 322 Chios/Chiot/Chiots, 11,17,110, 111, 114,124, 156,160,161, 166,169, 217-239, 261 Christian IX of Denmark, 68 Chrysanthos (Archbishop), 189,190 Chrysostomos II (Archbishop), 210 Church, Richard, 38, 39 Cilicia, 232 Civil War (America), 248, 330 Civil War (Greek) (1945-49), 313 Civil War (Ottoman) (1820), 10 Civil Wars (Greek) (1823-25), 11, 34,41, 313 Cizye (jizya), 7, 94,122,125 Clan/clans/clanship, 91,92, 96, 97, 233 Classical Greek, 69, 273, 274 Cleo (ship), 144 Clogg, Richard, 5,13, 188 Cochrane, Lord Thomas, 145 Codrington, Sir Edward, 139, 334 Colombia, 324 Colonialism/colonial/colonisation, 39,164, 204, 249, 328 Columbia, District of (D.C.), 257 Colvocoresses, George Musalas, 169, 237 Communism/communist, 313 Constantine I of Greece, 3
Constantine II of Greece, 85 Constantinople (Istanbul), 3, 8, 9,11, 56,61,62, 64n51,132,141, 142,188-190, 227, 278, 279, 286, 326, 327, 331 Constanza ( ship ), 151 Copenhagen, 68, 70, 72, 74-76, 78, 81 Corfu/Corfiot, 303, 304 Corinth, 99,110,113,116 Corsica (ship), 184 COVID-19,195 Crete/Cretan/Cretans, 110, 111, 132, 132n8,144, 211, 253, 293 Crimea, 327 Crimean War, 282, 290, 292n37
INDEX Croil, Christian Mitchell, 233 Crammer, Major James, 334 Cunda (Moschonisi), 110, 121ո43,122 Currie, Philip, 194 Cyclades, 16,45, 50, 52-54, 56-59, 64, 65,110,144,149 Cypriot Mule Corps, 184 Cypriot Orthodox Church, 189, 195,196 Cyprus/Cypriot, 5,17,18,118, 183-212, 238, 322, 326 D D’Annunzio, Gabriele, 309 Danube, 221 Danubian Principalities/Provinces, 23, 31,121Ո45, 223, 274, 287 Dartmouth College, 247 David (family), 236 Davydov-Orlov, Vladimir, 280 Decembrists, 273, 289, 291 Decolonisation, 335 Delacroix, Eugène, 220 Delendas, Gasparis, 61-63 Deligiannis (family), 97 Deligiannis, Ioannis, 97,101, 102,104 Deligiannis, Kanellos, 97,104,106 Democracy, 18 Democrat/Democrats, 259 Demogerontes, 7, 220, 223 Demotic, 7, ľi7 Denmark/Danes/Danish, 50, 54, 68-71, 74, 76-78, 80, 81, 83-85, 323n4 De Rigny, Henri, 149 Destunis, Gavriil, 18, 281 Destunis, Spyridon, 271, 272, 272n2 Dhimmi, 7 Diakos, Athanasios, 317 343 Diaspora, 6-8,17,18,40, 89,176, 206,211,217-239,294,336 Dilessi, 317, 318 Diplomacy/diplomat/diplomats/ diplomatic, 16, 48, 52, 55, 56, 69,192, 267, 272, 275, 279, 282, 285, 287, 289, 291, 294, 295, 310, 327, 329, 332, 335 District of Columbia (D.C.), 257 Divan, 92,93 Dodecanese, 5 Dostlan, Irina, 290, 291 Dostoevskii, Fedor, 286 Dragoman, 33, 52, 92, 189 Dramali Mahmud Paşa, 116,117 Druzhinina, Elena, 287, 288 Du Maurier (family), 238 Dundee, 235 Dunkirk, 137 Dutch, 50, 55, 56, 64, 65, 236, 323 Dwight, Sereno Edwards, 264 E Eastern Question, 8, 282, 286, 287 East India Company, 236 Ebubekir (family), 122n49 Edirne, 119 Egerton, Libbeus, 246 Egypt/Egyptian, 11,106,
111, 112, 192,196,198, 219, 235, 237, 238,252, 326, 328 Einarsson, Baldvin, 78, 84 Elpis (ship), 145 Elytis, Odysseus, 310, 311 Embiricos, Andreas, 316-318 Endogamy/endogamous, 62, 233, 239 England, 52, 76,149, 235, 317, 323, 328, 330, 331 English Party, 11 Engonopoulos, Nikos, 311, 312
344 INDEX Enlightenment, 7, 8,14,17, 68, 89, 188,244,249, 324 Enosis, 5,184,185,195,196, 204-206, 210 Epirus/Epirot/Epirotic, 30, 34, 35, 101,111,289, 309 Ermioni, 147 Ermoupoli, 121n43, 225 Ethnarch/ethnarchs, 7 Evangelical/Evangelicalism, 164,165, 165nl5,168 Evangelieles, Christos (Christodoulos), 161,170,171,173,174 Everett, Edward, 250, 253 Evia, 118n27,132,147 Evztme, 3, 5 Exeter, 231 Eyüp, 117 Fisk, Pliny, 167,171-173,171n29 Fjölnir, 82-84 Foot, Solomon, 257 Forrest, Robert, 220 France/French State/French, 11, 17, 24, 25, 28, 30, 31, 33-35, 38, 39,48,49n7, 56, 58, 60-65, 68, 75,102,103, 111, 116,117, 131,137,149,151,192, 193, 219, 230, 231, 233, 239, 247, 249, 265, 299, 312, 322-324, 326, 329-331, 330nl4, 333 Freemasonry/freemasons/ freemasonic, 104,190, 244 French Party, 11 French Revolution, 7, 26, 72, 188, 244, 249, 301, 324 G F Fadeev, Anatolii, 288 Fallmerayer, Jakob, 12, 281 Farmakis, Ali, 102,103 Faroe Islands, 68 Fascism/fascist, 183, 204 Fauriel, Claude, 274, 299-301, 303, 304, 306 Fener, 224 Feoktistov, Evgenii, 282 Feraios (Velestinlis), Rigas, 8, 33, 275, 308 Ferdinand VII of Spain, 330nl4 Fűibe, 119 Filiki Eterio- (Society of Friends/ Friendly Society), 8,10, 23, 30, 41, 59,104, 105,190,195, 204, 205, 210, 288, 289, 299 Finlay, George, 12, 225, 282 Finsbury Circus, 222, 228-232, 239 Fisk, Photius Kavasales, 167,168, 170,173 Galatis, Galaktion, 229 Galatis (Galatty), Pantaleon, 166 Galatis (Galatty), Stephanos, 166 Galaxidi/Galaxidiot, 132,146 Gastouni, 114 Gavriil (Archbishop), 279 Geneva, 301 George III of the United Kingdom, 259 George V of the United
Kingdom, 234 Gerd, Lora, 18, 292 Germanos of Patras, 106n52 Germany/German, 13, 80, 84, 231, 293, 305, 325 Gervinus, Georg, 282 Gianozas, Nikolas, 145, 146 Gibraltar, 254 Ginsberg, Allen, 317 Gisis (Gizi), Christodoulos, 16, 46, 52,54-58,60-65 Glinka, Fedor, 273
INDEX Glinka, Sergei, 275,277 Globalism/global/globalisation, 16, 18,25,26, 29,42, 67, 90, 236, 328, 335 Glover, Lewis, 250 Glücksburg (family), 68 Gnedich, Nikolai, 274, 275 Godevout, Ludovique, 151 Gordon, Thomas, 12 Gran Colombia, 324 Granger, John, 246 Gray, Thomas, 301 Great Idea (Megali Idea), 3, 5, 11 Greek Civil War (1946-49), 313 Greek Civil Wars (1823-25), 11, 34,41,313 Greek Cypriot/Greek Cypriots, 17, 18,184-188,195,197,198, 202-206, 208-211 Greenland, 68 Gregory V (Patriarch), 11,188-190, 221, 275 Greig, Samuel, 284 Grivas, Georgios, 205, 206, 315 Grotius, Hugo, 333 Gulbenkian, Calouste, 232 Gyalistras, Serge, 207 H Habsburg Empire/ Habsburgs, 31, 323 Haci Halil Efendi, 188 Haci Hasan Ağa, 98 Hadjipetros, Christodoulos, 191 Haitian Revolution, 244, 249 Haiti/Haitians, 244, 249, 250, 263 Hale, Sarah Josepha, 175 Halet Efendi, Mehmed Said, 97 Halil Bey, 99,100 Halleck, Fitz-Greene, 302 Hamburg, 231 345 Hardy, Thomas, 307 Harvard College, 250 Hasan Paşa, 114,116 Hatzimihail, Theophilos, 8 Haydon, Benjamin Robert, 248, 259 Heiden, Lodewijk (Login) van, 284 Hellas/Hellenes/Hellenic, 7, 68, 76, 85,168,194,211,274, 302, 310, 314 Hellenism, 16, 67-85, 205, 279, 280, 293 Hernans, Felicia, 220 Henty, G. A., 12 Herodotus, 69, 272 Holland (Netherlands), 46, 53-55, 64, 65, 324, 325 Holy Alliance, 135, 327, 331 Homer/Homeric, 35, 69, 274, 298, 314 Hong Kong, 235, 323 Hospodar, 223 Howe, Samuel Gridley, 12, 169, 246, 247, 252, 253, 264-266 Hubbard, Timothy, 258 Hugo, Victor, 220 Huguenot/Huguenots, 17, 219, 230-233, 236, 238, 239 Huguenot Society, 238 Huguenots of
Spitalfields, 238 Hull, 235 Humanitarian/humanitarians/ humanitarianism, 17, 265, 322, 332, 333, 335 Hurşid Paşa (Pasha), 10, 122n48 Hydra/Hydriot/Hydriots, 111, 132, 139,142,144,146,148, 219,310 I lanitsii, Feodora, 292 Iași, 221
346 INDEX Ibrahim Edhem Pasha, 117 Ibrahim Efendi, 97 Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt (Ibrahim Pașa), 112, 117,122ո48, 252, 277, 328 Icaria (Ikaria), 52 Iceland, 16, 67-85 Icelanders, 68, 70-76, 71n5, 78-81, 83, 84 Ignatius, Bishop, 35 Ikonnikov, Vladimir, 283 Iliad, 72, 274, 305 iltizam, 94nl4, 95, 96 Inceli Ahmed Paşa, 104 India, Indian, 225, 235, 236 Intervention, 11,14, 34, 75, 76,106, 148,150,151,186,187, 273, 282, 286, 291, 322, 328-333, 335 loannikios (monk), 188,191 loannina (Yanina), 118,101 Ionian Islands/Ionian/Ionians, 23, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34-36, 38, 39, 41,42, 59,61,62,102,103, 131-134,149,150,152,160, 164,165nl6, 231,236, 251, 272, 280, 287, 291, 294, 306, 334 los, 49,144 Iowa, Ivan, 290 Iran, 235 Iraq, 235, 326 Irish, 308 Islam, 98,113nll, 135, 245, 264, 264n84, 266, 268 Islamic State (ISIS), 330 İslenzksagnMfâ, 71, 75, 77 Istanbul, Istanbul (Constantinople), 18, 34,46,47, 90-93, 95-98, 100-102,104,110, 111, 111Ո7, 113Ո11,117-119,118n27, 118n29,121,122n48,123n52, 218, 221, 222, 224, 226, 227, 234, 289 Italy/Italian, 5,13, 27, 32,48n5, 56, 156,156n2,167, 301, 325 luzefovich, Trofim, 285 Ivaz, 122n50 Izmir, İzmir (Smyrna), Smyrniot, 46, 64,110,114,116-118, 122n50, 141,161,164, 172n32,177, 192, 221, 225-227, 272nl, 281,310 J Janis, Nikolas, 144 Janissaries, 271 Japan, 235 Jarvis, George, 252, 253 Jefferson, Thomas, 247 Jenkins, Romilly, 318, 318n48 Jerome (family), 238 Jerusalem, 164 Jesus Christ, 208, 263 Jews, Jewish, 29,46, 53,113nll, 164, 221, 235, 332 Jizya (cizye), 7 Joyce, James, 305 К Kadi, 92 Kairis, Theophilos, 8 Kalamata, 10, 94nl4, 96, 99,100, 117, 247
Kalamos, 334 Kafini, 96 Kallergis, Dimitrios, 230, 294 Kalvos, Andreas, 299, 301, 302, 309,318 Kalymnos, 52 Kampams (family), 52 Kanaris, Konstantinos, 212
INDEX Kantemir, Antiokh, 273 Kapnist, Vasilit, 273 Kapodistrias, Ioannis, 11, 35, 36, 76, 111ո4,119, 126,142,148,149, 151, 212, 275-277, 289, 294,328 Kapterev, Nikolai, 284 Kara-Ali Pasha, 217 Karachi, 235 Karaferye, 119 Karaiskakis, Georgios, 35 Karavelles, Anastasius, 160, 167, 168 Karaveiles, John, 167, 168, 173 Karpass Peninsula, 191 Karpenisi, 302 Karyotakis, K. G., 309 Karytaina, 97, 98,101 Kasos, Kasian, 11,110,131, 132,141 Kastellorizo, 132 Kastoria, 315 Kaza, 92, 96, 98, 99 Kazan, 280 Kazan Theological Academy, 284 Kazan University, 280 Kea, 48 Kefalonia (Cephalonia), Kefalonian, 61,142,145,271 Keith, Abijah, 248, 256, 258 Kensington, 232 Kenya, 235 Khaznadar, Mustapha, 227 Khmetevskii, Stepan, 284 Khomiakov, Aleksei, 281 Kimolos, 132 Kipling, Rudyard, 301 Klausturpósturinn, 71, 73-75, 77, 78 Kleftes/klefts/klephts/kleftic/ klephtic, 5,18, 35, 37, 38, 138, 274, 286, 298, 300-302, 304, 307, 309, 310, 313-315, 317, 318 Klonaris, Christodoulos, 249 347 Kodjabashis, kocabaşı, 7, 37, 90-107, 92n5,189 Koine, 157 Kolkata, 235 Kolokotronis, Theodoros, 10, 36-41, 103,212, 221,275, 286 Kondylis (family), 52 Korais, Adamantios, 8, 249, 274, 280 Koran (Quran), 103 Kornesios, Hadjigeorgakis, 189, 190 Koroni, 113, 117 Köse Mustafa Paşazade, 118n27 Kosovo, 323 Kotzioulas, Giorgos, 313 Koumoundouros, Theodoros, 99, 100 Kountouriotis, Lazaros, 143n34 Kountouriotis, Pavlos, 312 Kõutsis, Georgios, 139 Kranidi, 132,132n8 Krosni (family), 122n49 Küchelbecker, Wilhelm, 272, 277 Küçük Kaynarca (Treaty), 8, 277, 288, 327 Küçük Mehmed, 189, 190 Kurganov, Fedor, 284 Kuşadası, 114-116,
116Ո18,122ո49 Kydonies, Kydonian, 132, 225 Kyparissia (Arkadya), 97 Kypiades, George, 193 Kyprianos (Archbishop), 184, 187-191,193, 195-201,208-211 Kyrenia, 200, 204 Kyrillos II (Archbishop), 200 Kythira, 110, 116, 121,122, 272 Kythreotis, lacovos, 209 L Lafayette, Marquis de, 247, 265, 266 Lalacos, Theocharis, 195
348 INDEX Lalas, Lalots, 102,103,114, 119,119n33 Lamanskii, Vladimir, 281-283, 282nl8 Lamberson, Leo, 177 Larissa (Larisa), 118n27,119, 315 Larnaca, 190,193 Latin, 48, 60, 69, 82, 305 La Trobe (family), 238 Lebanon, 119, 326 Lebedev, Aleksei, 284 Lefkada, 35,42 Lefteri, Christy, 207 Leicester Square, 231 Lemnos, 132 Leningrad University, 289 Leonidas of Sparta, 205 Leros, 52,132n8 Lesvos, 12Խ45,124,141 Lethieullier (family), 236 Levant, 48n5, 49n7, 51, 51nl4, 53n22, 54n25, 60,131,165, 222 Levant Company, 222 Liapi, Bayram, 119 Liberal democracy/liberal democratic, 18, 336 Liberalism/liberal/liberals/liberality, 23, 25, 38, 42, 43, 72,170,185, 201, 232, 248, 268, 329, 330nl4 Liberty Party (USA), 258 Lieven (family), 329, 331 Lieven, Christoph, 329 Lieven, Dorothea, 329 Liverpool, 233, 235, 263 Livorno (Leghorn), 46,192, 221, 226, 251 Logothetis, Lykourgos, 219, 220 Loizides, Savvas, 204, 205 Lomonosov, Mikhail, 273 London Conference (1832), 260n67 London/Londoners, 17, 95nl6, 104n48,130,139, 165nl5,192, 211, 222, 224, 227-237, 239, 259, 265, 329 London Protocol (1829), 123 London Protocol (1830), 111 London Tavern, 230 London Treaty (1827), 331 Long, Christopher, 238 Long, Helen, 220, 224, 238 Lontos, Sotirakis, 101,104 Lorca, Federico Garcia, 310, 311n37 Louis XIII of France, 324 Louis ХГѴ of France, 324 Louis XVIII of France, 330 Louriotis (family), 145 Louverture, Toussaint, 249 Μ Macedonia, 112 Magnusson, Finnur, 16, 71, 72, 74-78, 82, 83 Mahmud II (Sultan), 10,121, 123n53,188, 189, 330 Mahmud Nedim Bey, 122n50 Makarios II (Archbishop), 205 Makarios III (Archbishop), 205
Makriyannis, Yannis, 299 Malakasis, Miltiadis, 310 Malandrakis, Michalis, 144 Malta, 33,49n7,135,156n2,161, 164-168,164nl2,172n32, 173, 226, 250, 251, 291, 334 Manchester, 232, 234, 235 Manifest Destiny, 324 Mani/Maniot/Maniots, 10,11, 33, 99,151, 244 Marathon, 82,173n33, 205 Marblehead, Massachusetts, 246 Margrethe II of Denmark, 85 Maritime courts, 17,136,148-151 Markezinis, Vassilios, 61, 62 Markov, Dmitrii, 290
INDEX Marseille, 46, 111, 192, 221, 224, 226, 234 Martens, Fedor, 285 Martinique, 173 Marxism-Leninism, 289 Marx/Marxism/Marxist, 287, 288,291 Massachusetts, 166,169,173,174, 246, 248 Mastic, 223 Matzarakis, Evangelos, 59 Mavrogenis (family), 52 Mavrogordato (family), 222, 232, 234 Mavrogordato, Emmanuel, 230 Mavrogordato, John (historian), 222, 238 Mavrogordato, John (merchant), 12 Mavrokordatos, Alexandros, 212, 250, 252, 259, 275, 330 Mavromichalis (family), 151 Mavromichalis, Petrobey, 10, 244, 247 May, Samuel J., 258 Megali Idea (Great Idea), 3, 5,11 Mehmed II (Sultan), 7 Mercantilism/mercantile, 29, 47, 52, 62, 65, 223, 231, 239 Merchant/merchants, 8,16,17, 24, 28, 31,32nl9, 40,46, 64, 89,113nll, 131,132, 136,138,142,144,149, 151,152,217,218, 222-224, 228, 231-233, 235, 239, 287, 327 Messenia, 98 Messenian Senate, 247 Metaxas, Ioannis, 183, 207 Methoni, 113,117 Metternich, 326-328 Mexico, 324 Michaelides, Vasilis, 185,191, 196,209 349 Migration, 12,16,17, 34,109-126, 161,218,219, 224, 225,227, 238, 292, 334 Milionis, Christos, 299, 300, 311 Mill, John Stuart, 332 Miller, Hernan, 245 Miller, Jonathan Peckham, 17,169, 174,244-268 Miller, Lucas Miltiades, 169, 174,255 Miller, Sarah A., 248, 256, 258 Miller, William, 12,12n24 Millet, 165nl4 Milos, 55, 56,132 Minnesota, 290 Minnesota University, 290 Mir Yusuf Bey, 114 Missionaries/missionary, 17,156-158, 161-169,171-173,172n32, 176, 251 Missolonghi, 17,132, 144,145,147, 148, 250-253, 275, 303, 304, 307, 308, 310 Mocenigo (family), 292 Modernism/modern/modernity/ modernise/moderniser/ modernisers/modernisation, 5, 7,
12,14,15,17, 24, 24n2, 27,29, 33,43,46, 64, 69, 80, 83,136, 167, 211, 219, 236-239, 244, 255, 261, 273, 275, 277n9, 279-283, 281Ո16, 285-287, 294, 298, 301, 309, 318, 318n52, 323, 323n4, 325, 333, 336 Mohalby (Mohalbey), Garifàlia, 17,174 Moldavia, 10, 123,188, 327 Moldova, 23 Monarchism/monarchy, 72, 74, 327,330nl4
350 INDEX Monemvasia, 111, 116,117, 225 Monroe, James, 247, 328, 328nl0 Monroe Doctrine, 328 Montenegro, 33 Montpelier, Vermont, 256, 258 Morea (Peloponnese), Morean, 10, 11,15n34,16, 36-38, 40, 89-107,112,118,119,124, 221, 244, 247, 327 Morris, Sir John Demetrius, 334 Moschonisi (Cunda), 110,121n43 Moscow, 230, 277n9, 278, 286, 331 Moscow University, 280 Mount Athos, 38 Mount Pleasant Classical Institute, 169 Mourouzis, Konstantinos, 221 Mousouris, Gerassimos, 142 Muhammad Ali Pasha of Egypt, 326 Mukatact,, 95-99 Mültezim, 95 Mumbai, 235 Munich, 305 Murav’ev, Andrei, 280 Musket, 18, 298-301, 303-308, 311, 312,314 Muslim/Muslims, 11,16, 29, 33, 37, 53, 56, 74, 76, 83, 92, 93,98,102-104,113-120, 120n37,120n40,121n45, 122-126,122n50,135,164, 186,189-191,196,197, 202, 203, 220, 221, 265-268, 294, 298, 299, 327, 329, 332 Mussolini, Benito, 183, 207 Mustafa Ağa, 124 Mustafa Paşa (governor), 97, 98 Mustafa Reşid Paşa, 115 Myanmar, 235 Mykonos, 49,110,132,144,148 Mylon, 252 Nafplio, 111, 114,115,148, 253, 277, 313 Naples, 77,192 Napoleon, 34,102,161, 324, 327, 330nl4 Napoleonic era, 38, 42 Napoleonic Wars, 8, 27,102, 130,137 National Bank of Greece, 8, 9 Nationalism/nationalist/nationalists/ nation-state, 3, 5-8, 10, 11, 13, 14,17,18, 24, 27,43, 70, 71, 79n43, 80n47, 81n54, 82-84, 89, 90,158,183-186,191,193, 195,197, 204, 205, 208-212, 244, 245, 275, 297, 305, 315, 323-325, 324n5, 328, 330nl4,335 National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters (EOKA), 185, 195, 204-207 National Radical Union of Cyprus (EREK), 195, 204-207 Nation-building, 13,14 NATO, 321 Navarino, 11,113,117,141, 275,
284, 289, 326, 332, 334 Naxos, 48, 49, 54-56, 58, 60, 61, 63, 64,132 Near East, 282, 288 Negroponte (family), 234 Neo-classicism/neo-classical, 79n43, 244, 301 Neo-Hellenism/neo-Hellenists, 7, 294, 295 Neo-humanism, 69, 69n2, 82 Netherlands (Holland), 324, 325 Neutral/neutrality, 55, 58, 65,136, 141,142,144,149, 219, 220, 330
INDEX New Orleans, 235, 263 New Spain, 324 New Testament, 69,165nl6,170 Newton, Frank, 300 New York City (NYC), 254 New York, New Yorker, 161, 235, 238,246, 252 Nicholas I of Russia, 290, 331 Nicholas II of Russia, 285 Nicosia, 187, 189,196-198, 200-204 Nikitaras, 36 Nikola (family), 122n50 Nikola, Antonis, 132 Norov, Avraam, 280 North America, 77 Norway, 68 Norwich Military Academy, 169 Norwich University, 257 О O’Connell, Daniel, 259 Odessa, 8,104, 221, 234, 279nl2, 292 Odyssey, 272 Oehlenschläger, Adam, 80 Oikonomos, Konstantinos, 294 Oil, 96, 220, 223, 248 Olympos, 33 Olympus (mountain), 311, 316 Onassis Cavafy Archive, 238 Oppenheim-Lauterpacht Treatise, 333 Orange County, Vermont, 245 Ordynskii, Boris, 280, 281 Orientalism/orientalist, 77, 265, 286 Orlov (brothers), 100 Orlov Revolt, 29,100,101, 103 Orphan/orphans, 17,126, 155-177, 255 Orthodox/Orthodoxy, 8, 29, 53, 54, 57-65, 101, 110,113nll, 123, 156,158,164,165nl5,167, 351 171Ո29,189-191, 194,196, 209, 220, 228, 229, 239, 271-273, 280, 282, 293, 294, 309, 313, 327, 335 Otto I of Greece, 11, 229, 260n67 Ottoman Civil War (1820), 10,11 Ottoman Empire, Ottomans, 5-11, 14,16,17, 24, 25, 28-31, 33-38,43, 46, 47, 52, 55-57, 59, 60, 68, 74, 76, 77, 83, 90-97, 91n3,100,101, 103-107,109-115,113nll, 115nl5,116Ո18,117-126, 121Ո42,130-132, 134,135, 137,141,142,144,149-151, 158,160,164, 164nll, 165nl4, 176,184-186,188-192,194, 196, 207, 210, 211,217, 219-228, 244, 245, 247, 250, 252, 253, 260, 264, 265, 267, 268, 273, 274, 277, 280, 282, 284, 286, 288, 290, 291, 294, 301, 317, 323, 325-327, 325n7, 329,331,335 P Palamas, Kostis,
305, 307-310, 318 Palamidi, 114 Paleolog, G., 284 Palestine, 326 Pallis (family), 234 Panaretos (Archbishop), 192 Pangalos (family), 52 Pan-Orthodox, 285 Pan-Slavism/Pan-Slav, 285 Papaflessas (Grigorios Dikaios-Flessas), 105,106 Papageorgiou, Spyros, 185 Paparrigopoulos, Konstantinos, 281 Papatsonis, Dimitrios, 97 Parga, 34, 35
352 INDEX Paris, 49n7, 251,301 Paris Treaty (1856), 152 Parnassus, 301, 302 Paros, 48, 56 Partridge, Alden, 169 Patmos, 52,132 Patras, 113,114,117,132 Patrikios, Titos, 313 Pazarcık, 119 Peckham, Jonathan, 17,169 Pègues, Abbé, 60 Peloponnese (Morca)/Peloponnesian/ Peloponnesians, 10,16, 23, 29-31,36-39,41,53,64, 90-107, 91n4, 94nl4, 110, 113-120,124,135,141,147, 151,211,252, 272, 327, 328, 332 Pericles, 265 Persephones (ship), 145 Persia/Persians, 286 Peru, 324 Peter I of Russia (Peter the Great), 273 Petimezas, Nikolaos, 36 Petrocochino (family), 222, 232, 234 Petrocochino, D. P., 237 Petrocokino, Nicholas Pantoleon, 172n32 Petrov, Andrei, 283 Petrozavodsk State University, 293 Petrunina, Olga, 18, 292 Phanariot/Phanariots, 9, 222-224 Philadelphia, 161n9, 254 Philhellenes/Philhellene/ Philhellenism, 5,16,17, 25, 32, 67-85,126,155,159,164nll, 168-170,185, 226, 236, 244-268, 336 Phillips, Walter Alison, 12 Philotheos (Archbishop), 189 Piatigorskii, Grigori, 292 Pickering, Henry, 220 Pindus (mountain), 311 Piracy/pirate/pirates, 16, 57, 64, 74, 131,135-139,142,146, 149-152, 331,334 Plato, 69,158,160,162,169 Plattsburgh, New York, 246 Plessos, Katerina Georgia (Katerina Crummer), 334 Poem/poems/poetry/poet/poets/ poetic, 18, 72, 80, 82,155, 156, 159,170,175,185,191,196, 207, 209, 220,244, 260, 273, 274, 277, 286, 297-318 Pogodin, Mikhail, 281 Pokrovskii, Mikhail, 286, 287 Poland, Josephs, 259 Polychroniadis, Konstantinos, 249 Poros, 132, 255, 334 Port Jackson, 334 Portugal/Portuguese, 26, 324, 329 Postcolonial, 89 Powers, E. Anna, 261 Powers, Hiram, 261 Preveza,
118,119,124,125 Priakhin, Iurii, 292 Primate/primates, 7,16, 59, 326 Prissis, Antonis, 131 Privateering/privateer/privateers, 5, 16,17,130-152 Prize courts, 136,148,149 Proestoi, proestos, 7 Prakritai, 90, 91 Protestant/protestantism, 157, 158, 161, 164nl2,165,165nl4, 166, 171-173,176, 230, 231, 233, 238 Prussia, 327, 332 Prut River, 188 Psara/Psarian/Psarians, 11,110,132, 139, 141,144,148,161, 174, 225
INDEX Puducherry, 235 Punch (magazine), 261 Q Quran (Koran), 103 R Raft, George, 316 Ragusa/Ragusans, 46 Ralli (family), 233, 235, 237 Ralli, Alexandra, 233 Ralli, Antonio, 234 Ralli, Antonio Alexander, 229 Ralli, Augustus, 234 Ralli, Eustratio, 222, 229 Ralli, Eustratius, 233 Ralli, John, 222, 234 Ralli, Konstantinos, 165 Ralli, Lionel, 233 Ralli, Loukas, 225 Ralli, Lucas Eustratio, 234 Ralli, Mabel, 233 Ralli, Marietta, 229 Ralli, Marigo (née Mavrogordato), 222, 230, 232 Ralli, Pandias, 229, 234 Ralli, Pandas, 165 Ralli, Stephanos, 229 Ralli, Toumazis, 234 Ralli Bros, 166nl7, 234, 235 Randolph, Vermont, 245-247, 245n3 Rangavis, Alexandros Rizos, 305 Raphael, Alexander, 232 Rask, Rasmus Christian, 80, 81 Raven-Hill, Leonard, 3 Rayah, reaya, reayas, 33, 91ոՅ, 94-96, 95ո16, 99, 100, 121, 121ո45, 123, 189, 192, 193 Razikotsika (family), 145 353 Refilgee/refugees, 17, 28, 40, 42, 110-112, noni, ււօո2, попз, 111ո4,114-120,115ո15, 118ո27, 118ո29, 121ո43, 124-126, 161, 166, 177, 218, 220, 224-226, 229, 232, 304, 334 Republic, 33, 36, 208 Republicanism/republican/ republicans, 17, 35, 42, 43, 186, 195, 207-210, 263, 324, 327, 330, 330ո14 Reykjavik, 72 Ricord, Pyotr, 284 Rio Castel (Kastel-i Mora), 114,116 Ritsos, Yiannis, 312, 313 Rodocanachi (family), 226 Rodocanachi, Michel E., 234 Roman Empire, 7 Romania/Romanian/Romanians, 10, 13,23, 326 Romanticism/romantics/romanticist, 17, 32, 70, 79, 84,159,170, 244, 286, 305 Rome, 69,192, 280 Romeosene, 196, 208, 209 Romilly, John, 235, 238, 318 Romiai, 7, 8 Rostov-on-Don, 222 Rothschild, Nathaniel Mayer, 235 Roumeli, Rumelia, 23, 30, 31,
37, 38, 40, 41,111Ո7,118,135 Royal/Royalism/Royalist, 68, 72, 106,107, 205 Russian Academy of Sciences, 293 Russian-Ottoman War (1768-74) (Russo-Turkish War) (RussoOttoman War), 49, 283, 288 Russian Ottoman War (1806-12) (Russo-Ottoman War), 101,103 Russian Party, 11 Russian State Library, 293
354 INDEX Russian State University, 293 Russia/Russian Empire/Russian, 8, 10,11,17,18,23, 27-29,31, 34-36, 38, 39, 49, 52, 61, 62, 64, 74, 76, 77,100,101,105, 106,123,142,149,171n29, 192,193, 228, 236, 244, 271-295, 284n24, 322, 323, 326-331, 333 S Sæmundsson, Tómas, 82 St Albans, Vermont, 258 St Bartholomew’s Day (massacre), 230 Saint-Domingue, 249 Saint Malo, 137 Saint Petersburg, 107, 272, 330 St Sophia, Bayswater, 230, 231, 238 Sakarya (Sangarios), 310 Salamina/Salamis, 82,110, 111, 205, 275 Salem, Massachusetts, 173 Salisbury, Lord (Robert GascoyneCecil), 194 Sally Ann (ship), 250 Salónica (Thessaloniki), 46, 316 Salt, 77, 96 Samarin, Iurii, 281 Samos, Samian, Samians, 110,132, 144,147, 219-221 Samothrace, 11 Sampson, Nikos, 185 Santorini, 16,46,48, 53-65,132 Sardinia/Sardinian, 151 Saronic Islands, 111, 147 Savannah, 235 Scandinavia/Scandinavian, 79-81, 236 Scaramanga (family), 227, 234 Schilizzi (family), 234 Schiller, Friedrich, 305 Security Council, 322 Seferis, George, 310 Self-determination, 18, 322, 325-326, 333-335 Selim III (Sultan), 97, 244 Seniavin, Dmitrii, 284 Septinsular Republic, 34 Serbia/Serbian, 13,123, 245, 321, 322 Serres, 114,118 Şevki Bey, 118n27 Ships/shipping, 27, 55, 64,101, 111, 112,115-117,117n23, 119, 121Ո45,122,122n48, 131-139,141-146,143n34, 148-152,156,161,173, 193, 227, 234, 235, 255, 321, 330 Shparo, Olga, 288, 289 Siebert, Wilbur, 248, 258 Sigourney, Lydia H., 175 Sikelianos, Angelos, 309 Silk, 96, 223, 235, 236 Sinopoulos, Takis, 313-315 Siphnos (Sifhos), 55 Sitian, George, 161,173n33 Sivinis, Μ., 284 Skanderbeg, 39 Skiathos, 112
Skopelos, 112,132,144 Skyros, 112 Slave/slavery/slaves, 28,29, 33, 74, 76, 77,110,161,161n9,170, 173, 218, 226, 227, 245, 249, 257-264, 268,310 Slavic, Slavs, 12, 272, 286, 327 Slavonic, 273 Smilianskaia, Elena, 292 Smyrna (Izmir), Smyrniot, 46, 64, 110,114,116-118,122n50, 141,161,164,172n32,192, 221, 225-227, 272nl, 281,310
INDEX Society of Friends {Filiki Eteriu/ Friendly Society), 8,10, 23, 41, 59,104, 105,106n52,190, 195, 204, 205, 210, 288, 289, 299 Socrates, 158 Soho, 231, 238 Sokolov, Ivan, 284 Solomos, Dionysios, 299, 302-304, 306ո24, 313,318 Solov’ev, Sergei, 283 Sophocles, Evangelinos Apostolides, 169 Sophronios (archbishop), 196, 202 Souli/Souliot/Souliots, 9, 10, 33, 35, 36, 302-304 South Africa, 235 South America, 235, 324, 328 Southampton, 231 South Australia, 235, 322 Soviet Union/Soviet/Soviets, 286, 287, 289, 290, 294, 313 Spain/Spanish, 26, 50, 62, 75, 77, 324, 329, 330, 330nl4 Spetses, Spetsiot, 111, 130,132,139, 142,145,146,148 Sporades, 38 Spyridakis, Constantinos, 208 Stanhope, Leicester, 81 Stanislavskaia, Avgusta, 291 Stephensen, Magnus, 16, 71-75, 71n5, 77, 78, 82, 83 Stevenson, Malcolm, 197,198, 203 Stowell, Ellery, 333 Strel’bitskii, Ivan, 285 Strovolos, Nicosia, 187 Sturdza, Alexander, 18, 284 Sudan, 235 Sumarokov, Alexander, 273 Sunni, 264 Surridge, 202 Suto, Nikolaos, 145 355 Swaziland, 235 Sweden, 68 Switzerland, 70 Sydney, 161n9, 334 Symi, 132 Syria, 235, 326 Syros, Syriot, 48, 55,110,121n43, 144,145,148,161,170,171, 224-226, 236 T Tabriz, 235 Taganrog, 222 Tanzania, 235 Tanzimat, 327 Tarle, Evgenii, 287 Tatishchev, Sergei, 283, 288 Tax/taxation, 7, 33, 37, 52, 55, 56, 58-60, 91, 93-99, 94nl4,107, 121-123,125,147,189,192, 279,326 Temple, Daniel, 166, 251 Tertsetis, Georgios, 39 Testa, Gaspar, 56, 64 Texas, 324 Thasos, 144 Thebes, 90 Theocritus, 274 Theotokis, Nikephoros, 280 Thessaloniki (Salónica), 117,118, 161, 227 Thessaly, 30, 112, 221 Thrace, 132 Timoleon
(ship), 143n34 Tinos, 49, 55,60,110,132 Tombazis, lakovos, 219 Tontine (ship), 255 Topal Osman Paşa, 90, 91, 91n4 Tourkokratia, 5, 99 Trabzon, 227 Transatlantic, 244-268
356 INDEX Trans-imperial/transimperialism, 27, 42 Transnatíonal/transnationalism, 5,16, 23^3, 68, 72, 79ո43, 84 Trans-Saharan slave trade, 227 Travel/traveller/travellers, 52, 69, 80, 82, HOnl, ІІОпЗ, Hln7, 115nl5,125, 167,173,193, 250, 260, 273, 279, 280, 292, 316, 317 Triantafyllides, Antonios, 204 Trieste, 46, 111, 192, 221, 226 Trikala, 118 Trikeri, 133 Trikoupis, Spyridon, 281 Tripoli, Tripolitsa, 11, 92,102, 113, 114,117,118n27,119, 221, 267, 303 Tripoli (Lebanon), 119 Troizinia (Troezen), 147 Tunis, 227 Turkey/Turkish/Turks, 5,18,49n7, 54n25, 56, 76, 77, 82, 91, 91n3, 94nl4,113nll, 123,142,146, 156,161,161n9,174,186,187, 190,195,197,198, 202-204, 212, 220, 227, 235, 255, 265-267, 278, 286, 291, 304, 309, 326, 327, 331, 333 Turkish Cypriot/Turkish Cypriots, 18, 187,195,197,198, 204, 207 Two Sicilies, 38 U Uganda, 235 Ul’ianitskii, Vladimir, 283 Unification, 47, 325 Unitarianism/Unitarian, 258 United Kingdom (Britain), 11, 25, 31, 34,49,49n7, 61-63,113nll, 130,131,134,150,192,212, 218, 219, 222,224,229, 231, 232, 237, 322, 324, 328-331, 336 See also England United Nations, 321, 322, 335 United States of America, 25, 39,131, 161, 165-168,173,174,176, 245, 260, 266-268 Ushakov, Fedor, 291 V Vagliano Bros, 236 Valaoritis, Aristotelis, 305, 306, 309, 311,313,314,317,318 Vali, 92 Van Heiden, Lodewijk (Login), 284 Van Hess, Cornelius P., 250 Varna, 119 Varnakiotis, Georgios, 40 Vekil, 96, 97,102,103 Veli Paşa, 101-104,104ո44 Venevitinov, Dmitrii, 273 Venezuela, 324 Venice/Venetían State/Venetian, 26, 28, 31, 34,42,46,48,48n5, 63, 90, 92,131, 272 Veria, 119 Vermont, 169, 245,
245n3, 246, 255-259 Vermont University, 247, 256 Verona (Congress), 329 Victorian (era), 336 Vienna (Congress), 8, 325, 327 Vigoureux (family), 63 Vinogradov, Vladen, 290 Virgin Mary (ship), 132 Vladimirescu, Tudor, 10 Vlasto (family), 234 Vlasto, Michel, 233 Vlasto, Peter, 237 Voivodes, voyvoda, 52,92, 98, 99
INDEX Vondiziano, Antonio, 193 Von Herder, Johann Gottfried, 80 Vostitsa, 96,101 Voulgaris, Evgenios, 273, 280 W Walbridge, Deimia, 245 Wallachia, 10,123, 327 Warlord/warlords, 16, 29, 35, 36, 41n41,42 Washington, 263 Webster, Daniel, 247 Wellington, Lord (Arthur Wellesley), 331 Wheaton, Henry, 332 Whig Party (USA), 256 Whitman, Walt, 312, 317 Wilder, S. V. S., 251 William ГѴ of the United Kingdom, 229 Williams, Louise Warrington, 233 Wilson, Samuel, 251 Windsor County, Vermont, 246 Wine, 57, 58, 61, 64, 64n51,223 Winthrop, Thomas L., 174, 250 Wisconsin, 169, 255 Woodhouse, Christopher Montague, 14,184 Woodstock, Vermont, 246 World Anti-Slavery Convention (1840), 259, 261 World War I (Great War) (First World War) (WWI), 184, 286 357 World War II (Second World War) (WWII), 12,13,185, 206, 287, 310, 318n50, 335 Worrell Jr., Joseph, 254 Wright, Chester, 256 X Xenakis, Dionysios, 229 Xerxes, 275 Y Yale University, 170 Yanina (loannina), 9,118 Yarra River, 334 Yenişehir, 119 York, 231 Ypsilantis, Alexander, 9,10, 74, 76, 106,188, 212, 274, 289, 290, 294 Ypsilantis, Dimitrios, 252 Yugoslavia, 321, 322 Yusuf Paşa, 114 Z Zachos, John Celivergos, 160,169 Zakynthos (Zante), 37, 39^1, 142, 160,168, 251, 304 Zanina, Valerija, 293 Zhigarev, Sergei, 283, 288 Zoitakis, Afanasii, 292 Zurich Accords, 206 Zuylen van Nyevelt, Baron de, 56 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek՛ München
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Contents Part I 1 1 New Perspectives The Greek Revolution 200 Years On: New Perspectives and Legacies Yianni Cartledge and Andrekos Várnává 3 2 The Transnational Foundations of the Greek Revolution of 1821 23 Michalis Sotiropoulos 3 4 New Perspectives in Local Societies During the Greek War of Independence: The Consular Experience in the Aegean Maria Spiliotopoulou and Eleftheria Zei Greece of the North?: Philhellenism, Hellenism, and Contemporary Perspectives of the Greek War of Independence in Iceland Arnór Gunnar Gunnarsson 45 67 ix
CONTENTS X Part II Myths and Realities 87 5 A Local Uprising in an Ottoman Province? Mora/Morea, March 1821 89 Anna Vlachopoulou 6 Migrations, Exodus, and Resettlement during the Greek War of Independence (1821-1830) 109 Dilek Özkan Pantazis 7 Privateering during the Greek War of Independence (1821-1829): Issues of Legitimacy, Organisation, and Economics of a War-Induced Practice 129 Katerina Galani and Gelina Harlaftis 8 The United States as a Haven for Greek Revolutionary War Orphans? Myth and Reality 155 Gonda Van Steen Partili 9 Legacies and Reflections Cyprus and 1821: Myths, Realities and Legacies Andrekos Várnává 181 183 10 The Chios Massacre (1822) and Chiot Emigration: A Coerced Diaspora 217 Yianni Cartledge 11 Devoted to the Cause of Freedom: Jonathan Peckham Aliller, Philhellenism, and the Transatlantic Struggle for Liberation 243 Christopher Helali 12 Russian Historiography and the Greek Revolution: Trends and Interpretations (1821-2021) Lucien Frary 271
CONTENTS 13 The Shot Heard Round the World: The Greek Revolution’s Legacy in Poetry ХІ 297 David Ricks 14 Greek Independence and Its Significance to the Development of International Law Chris Kourakis and Yianni Cartledge Index 321 339
Index1 A Abdul Hamid II (Sultan), 232 Abolitíonism/abolitíonist/ abolitionists, 17,169,170,173, 249,256-259, 261-264, 268 Abolition of Slavery International Conference London (1840), 17, 259,261 About, Edmond, 282 Acre, 192 Acropolis, 275 Adams, John Quincy, 328, 328nl0 Adana, 192 Adelaide/Adelaidean, 322 Adrianople (Treaty), 123, 277, 289 Adriatic, 39, 42 Aegean, 16, 23, 32, 38, 45-65, НОпЗ, 114,131-134,141, 143-146,148,149,152, 217, 219,220, 225,277, 279, 287, 326 Aegina, 111, 121Ո43,148,174 Aeschylus, 272 Africa/Africans, 74, 227, 245, 247, 249, 257, 261, 264n84, 335 Ağa (Aga), 37,121, 124 Agamemnon (ship), 139, 272 Agelasto (family), 234, 235 Ąghia Paraskevi (ship), 142 Agios Elias, Cyprus, 191 Agistri, 174 Ahmed III (Sultan), 91 Ainos, 132 Aitoliko, 132, 252 Aksakov, Konstantin, 281 Albania/Albanian, 9, 73,100, 113nll, 119,119n33,191, 252, 289, 299, 310-312,318 Albanian War, 205 Alby, Goulielmos, 61-63 Alexander I of Russia, 274, 327, 331 Alexander III of Russia, 285 Alexander the Great, 316 Alexandria, 141 Ali Aga, 37 Ali Namık Paşa, 115 'Note: Page numbers followed by ‘n’ refer to notes. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022 Y. Cartledge, A. Varnava (eds.), New Perspectives on the Greek War of Independence, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031T0849-5 339
340 INDEX Ali Pasha (Tepedelenli Ali Pașa), 9,10, 15ո34, ЗО, 34, 35, 73, 77, 101, 10Խ34, 124 American, 17, 26, 33,126,156-159, 159ո6,161,164nll, 165-172, 165nl4,172n32,174-176, 246, 251, 253, 260, 261, 263, 264, 266, 267, 300, 302, 316, 324, 328, 334 American Anti-Slavery Society, 258 American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM), 164nl2,166,166n20 American Civil War, 248, 330 American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association (AHEPA), 157,157n3,177 American Revolution, 77, 244, 247, 249, 324 Amherst College, 170,172n32 Amsterdam, 231 Anagnostakis, Manolis, 315, 316 Anagnostaras, 36 Anatolia (Asia Minor), 3, 30nl2, 48n5, 111, 132,141,226, 227, 280, 326, 327, 332 Ancient Greece/Ancient Greek, 39, 68-72, 79, 81-84,157,170, 171,183, 272, 276, 28Խ16 Ancona, 46, 111, 221, 226 Andros, 48, 49,132 Androutsos, Odysseas, 311, 312, 317 Anglo-Egyptian Bank, 237 Anglo-Hellenic League, 237 Annenskaia, Aleksandra, 286 Anti-colonial, 34, 90 Antiparos, 48 Antiquities, 12, 64, 69, 70, 79, 82, 83,170,211,273, 274, 279nl2, 286 Antoniadis, Emmanouel, 144 Archons, archontes, 7 Areopoli, 10 Argenti (family), 226, 234 Argenti, Ambrosios, 229 Argenti, Nicolas, 238 Argenti, Philip, 238 Argentina/Argentinian, 324, 332 Argolida ( Argolis), 147 Argos, 117 Argo-Saronic islands, 111 Aristocracy/aristocrat/aristocratic, 166, 223, 326 Aristotle, 158, 265, 281 Årmann A Alįingi, 78, 79ո43 Armatoloi, armatoUs, ármatelos, 35, 37,40,41,138 Armenia/Armenians, 17,46,164, 165nl4,171ո29, 219, 230, 232, 236, 238, 239 Armenian General Benevolent Union, 238 Armenian Genocide, 232 Armenian Relief
Society, 238 Arms, Jonathan, 256 Arms, Sarah, 256 Arrian, 316 Arsh, Grigorii, 18, 288-290, 292 Arta-Volos line, 123n52 Artemis, Agesilaos, 203 Astaritis, Antonios, 145 Atatiirk, Mustaíà Kemal, 3, 309 Athens, 62,110,110n2,116,132n8, 134,159n6,165nl5,166nl7, 204,205,211,253,254n40 Athens University, 290 Athina (ship), 139 Atlanta, 157 Atlantic, 137, 237, 245, 247, 249, 254, 268 Auden, W. H., 301 Australia, 161n9,183,184, 184nl, 194, 206, 324,334 Austria/Austrian, 10, 50, 52, 62, 76, 112,145,149,150, 326, 327, 330
INDEX Autonomous/autonomy, 7, 29, 37, 94nl4,158, 329-331 Axis, 205 Axis Occupation, 311 Ayan/ayans, 29, 30, 30nl2, 33, 92, 93, 98, 99,101-104 Ayvalık, 110, 121,121n43,121n45, 122,124 Azim Efendi, 97 В Balkan/Balkans, 5, 6, 23, 30, 30nl2, 32,33, 92n8,119,130, 244, 245, 278, 279, 282, 283, 285, 286,288-291,294, 326 Balkan Wars, 237, 285, 309 Baltic Exchange, 233, 234, 236, 239 Baltic Sea, 234 Barbarism/barbaric, 16, 81,176,186, 265, 266, 274 Barbary Coast, 135 Barker, Thomas (of Bath), 220 Bastille Day, 323 Bavaria, Bavarian, 11, 260n67 Baylies, Nicholas, 256 Bayswater, 229-231, 238 Bažili, Konstantin, 18, 279, 280 Belgium, Belgian, 13, 325 Belligerency/belligerent/belligerents, 322, 330 Benakis, Panagiotis, 94nl4, 96,99-101 Bentham, Jeremy, 236 Berlin, Vermont, 169, 245, 245n3, 246,255-259 Bessarabia, 287, 290 Beyhan Sultana, 97, 98,104n44 Bible, 103,171, 263 Birney, James G., 258 Black Sea, 8, 29, 32, 33,122n48,131, 137,142,152,221,223,234, 235, 277, 279, 287, 326 341 Bogorides, Athanasios, 249 Bolivar, Simón, 311, 312 Bonnet, Frederic, 54, 56 Bosnia, 285, 321 Bosphorus, 111 Boston/Bostonian, 156,160,165nl6, 166,174, 250-252, 264 Botassis, Nicolaos, 142,145 Botsaris, Markos, 212, 275, 302 Bouboulina, Laskarina, 212, 272 Bournias, Antonios, 219 Boyar, 223 Boyer, Jean-Pierre, 249 Bremen, 231 Brezhnev, Leonid, 290 Britain (United Kingdom), British, 3, 11,17, 25,26, 28,31,34, 38, 39, 41, 55, 61-63, 125, 130-132, 135, 137,139, 145, 150,160,161,164,183,184, 186,192-206, 218, 219, 222, 224-226, 231, 232, 235-239, 246, 251, 252, 259, 261, 265, 289, 301, 303, 317, 322-324, 325n7,
326-331, 333, 334, 336 See also England Briullov, Karl, 272 Brøndsted, Peter Oluf, 69, 72 Brougham, Lord Henry Peter, 259 Bryant, WiUiam Cullen, 170,171,175 Bucharest, 221 Buckley, Kenneth, 206 Bulgaria/Bulgarians, 285, 308 Bulgarin, Faddei, 275 Bursa, 116nl8,121n45 Büyükdere, 122n49 Byron, Lord George Gordon, 80, 212, 230, 236, 244, 248, 250, 252, 253, 255, 266, 286, 307 Byzantine/Byzantium, 7, 92, 223, 272, 273, 279, 281, 283, 283n21,293, 306, 313, 326
342 INDEX C Cairo, 238 California, 324 Caliphate, 211, 264 Calvo, Carlos, 332 Calvocoressi (family), 169, 224, 226 Calvocoressi, M. D., 224 Calvocoressi, Peter, 224, 238 Canada, 246, 258 Canning, George, 289, 328-331 Canning, Stratford, 331 Canterbury, 231 Caralli (family), 234 Carbonari, 104 Carne, John, 193 Carrer, Pavlos, 306 Castanis, Christophorus Plato, 17, 160-162,161n9,169, 227, 256 Castlereagh, Lord (Robert Stewart), 327-329 Catherine II of Russia (Catherine the Great), 100, 273, 276, 279, 290, 292 Catholic/Catholicism, 53, 54, 57-63, 61n44, 65,144 Cavafy, Constantine, 309 Cavo D’Oro, 142 Çelebi, Evliya, 93 Censorship, 76, 275 Central America/Central American, 324n5 Chalkida (Chaicis), 142 Chancellor (ship), 254 Chania, 116,118 Charleston, 235 Chateaubriand, François-René de, 72 Chesme, 132 Chian Federation, 237 China, 235, 322 Chios/Chiot/Chiots, 11,17,110, 111, 114,124, 156,160,161, 166,169, 217-239, 261 Christian IX of Denmark, 68 Chrysanthos (Archbishop), 189,190 Chrysostomos II (Archbishop), 210 Church, Richard, 38, 39 Cilicia, 232 Civil War (America), 248, 330 Civil War (Greek) (1945-49), 313 Civil War (Ottoman) (1820), 10 Civil Wars (Greek) (1823-25), 11, 34,41, 313 Cizye (jizya), 7, 94,122,125 Clan/clans/clanship, 91,92, 96, 97, 233 Classical Greek, 69, 273, 274 Cleo (ship), 144 Clogg, Richard, 5,13, 188 Cochrane, Lord Thomas, 145 Codrington, Sir Edward, 139, 334 Colombia, 324 Colonialism/colonial/colonisation, 39,164, 204, 249, 328 Columbia, District of (D.C.), 257 Colvocoresses, George Musalas, 169, 237 Communism/communist, 313 Constantine I of Greece, 3
Constantine II of Greece, 85 Constantinople (Istanbul), 3, 8, 9,11, 56,61,62, 64n51,132,141, 142,188-190, 227, 278, 279, 286, 326, 327, 331 Constanza ( ship ), 151 Copenhagen, 68, 70, 72, 74-76, 78, 81 Corfu/Corfiot, 303, 304 Corinth, 99,110,113,116 Corsica (ship), 184 COVID-19,195 Crete/Cretan/Cretans, 110, 111, 132, 132n8,144, 211, 253, 293 Crimea, 327 Crimean War, 282, 290, 292n37
INDEX Croil, Christian Mitchell, 233 Crammer, Major James, 334 Cunda (Moschonisi), 110, 121ո43,122 Currie, Philip, 194 Cyclades, 16,45, 50, 52-54, 56-59, 64, 65,110,144,149 Cypriot Mule Corps, 184 Cypriot Orthodox Church, 189, 195,196 Cyprus/Cypriot, 5,17,18,118, 183-212, 238, 322, 326 D D’Annunzio, Gabriele, 309 Danube, 221 Danubian Principalities/Provinces, 23, 31,121Ո45, 223, 274, 287 Dartmouth College, 247 David (family), 236 Davydov-Orlov, Vladimir, 280 Decembrists, 273, 289, 291 Decolonisation, 335 Delacroix, Eugène, 220 Delendas, Gasparis, 61-63 Deligiannis (family), 97 Deligiannis, Ioannis, 97,101, 102,104 Deligiannis, Kanellos, 97,104,106 Democracy, 18 Democrat/Democrats, 259 Demogerontes, 7, 220, 223 Demotic, 7, ľi7 Denmark/Danes/Danish, 50, 54, 68-71, 74, 76-78, 80, 81, 83-85, 323n4 De Rigny, Henri, 149 Destunis, Gavriil, 18, 281 Destunis, Spyridon, 271, 272, 272n2 Dhimmi, 7 Diakos, Athanasios, 317 343 Diaspora, 6-8,17,18,40, 89,176, 206,211,217-239,294,336 Dilessi, 317, 318 Diplomacy/diplomat/diplomats/ diplomatic, 16, 48, 52, 55, 56, 69,192, 267, 272, 275, 279, 282, 285, 287, 289, 291, 294, 295, 310, 327, 329, 332, 335 District of Columbia (D.C.), 257 Divan, 92,93 Dodecanese, 5 Dostlan, Irina, 290, 291 Dostoevskii, Fedor, 286 Dragoman, 33, 52, 92, 189 Dramali Mahmud Paşa, 116,117 Druzhinina, Elena, 287, 288 Du Maurier (family), 238 Dundee, 235 Dunkirk, 137 Dutch, 50, 55, 56, 64, 65, 236, 323 Dwight, Sereno Edwards, 264 E Eastern Question, 8, 282, 286, 287 East India Company, 236 Ebubekir (family), 122n49 Edirne, 119 Egerton, Libbeus, 246 Egypt/Egyptian, 11,106,
111, 112, 192,196,198, 219, 235, 237, 238,252, 326, 328 Einarsson, Baldvin, 78, 84 Elpis (ship), 145 Elytis, Odysseus, 310, 311 Embiricos, Andreas, 316-318 Endogamy/endogamous, 62, 233, 239 England, 52, 76,149, 235, 317, 323, 328, 330, 331 English Party, 11 Engonopoulos, Nikos, 311, 312
344 INDEX Enlightenment, 7, 8,14,17, 68, 89, 188,244,249, 324 Enosis, 5,184,185,195,196, 204-206, 210 Epirus/Epirot/Epirotic, 30, 34, 35, 101,111,289, 309 Ermioni, 147 Ermoupoli, 121n43, 225 Ethnarch/ethnarchs, 7 Evangelical/Evangelicalism, 164,165, 165nl5,168 Evangelieles, Christos (Christodoulos), 161,170,171,173,174 Everett, Edward, 250, 253 Evia, 118n27,132,147 Evztme, 3, 5 Exeter, 231 Eyüp, 117 Fisk, Pliny, 167,171-173,171n29 Fjölnir, 82-84 Foot, Solomon, 257 Forrest, Robert, 220 France/French State/French, 11, 17, 24, 25, 28, 30, 31, 33-35, 38, 39,48,49n7, 56, 58, 60-65, 68, 75,102,103, 111, 116,117, 131,137,149,151,192, 193, 219, 230, 231, 233, 239, 247, 249, 265, 299, 312, 322-324, 326, 329-331, 330nl4, 333 Freemasonry/freemasons/ freemasonic, 104,190, 244 French Party, 11 French Revolution, 7, 26, 72, 188, 244, 249, 301, 324 G F Fadeev, Anatolii, 288 Fallmerayer, Jakob, 12, 281 Farmakis, Ali, 102,103 Faroe Islands, 68 Fascism/fascist, 183, 204 Fauriel, Claude, 274, 299-301, 303, 304, 306 Fener, 224 Feoktistov, Evgenii, 282 Feraios (Velestinlis), Rigas, 8, 33, 275, 308 Ferdinand VII of Spain, 330nl4 Fűibe, 119 Filiki Eterio- (Society of Friends/ Friendly Society), 8,10, 23, 30, 41, 59,104, 105,190,195, 204, 205, 210, 288, 289, 299 Finlay, George, 12, 225, 282 Finsbury Circus, 222, 228-232, 239 Fisk, Photius Kavasales, 167,168, 170,173 Galatis, Galaktion, 229 Galatis (Galatty), Pantaleon, 166 Galatis (Galatty), Stephanos, 166 Galaxidi/Galaxidiot, 132,146 Gastouni, 114 Gavriil (Archbishop), 279 Geneva, 301 George III of the United Kingdom, 259 George V of the United
Kingdom, 234 Gerd, Lora, 18, 292 Germanos of Patras, 106n52 Germany/German, 13, 80, 84, 231, 293, 305, 325 Gervinus, Georg, 282 Gianozas, Nikolas, 145, 146 Gibraltar, 254 Ginsberg, Allen, 317 Gisis (Gizi), Christodoulos, 16, 46, 52,54-58,60-65 Glinka, Fedor, 273
INDEX Glinka, Sergei, 275,277 Globalism/global/globalisation, 16, 18,25,26, 29,42, 67, 90, 236, 328, 335 Glover, Lewis, 250 Glücksburg (family), 68 Gnedich, Nikolai, 274, 275 Godevout, Ludovique, 151 Gordon, Thomas, 12 Gran Colombia, 324 Granger, John, 246 Gray, Thomas, 301 Great Idea (Megali Idea), 3, 5, 11 Greek Civil War (1946-49), 313 Greek Civil Wars (1823-25), 11, 34,41,313 Greek Cypriot/Greek Cypriots, 17, 18,184-188,195,197,198, 202-206, 208-211 Greenland, 68 Gregory V (Patriarch), 11,188-190, 221, 275 Greig, Samuel, 284 Grivas, Georgios, 205, 206, 315 Grotius, Hugo, 333 Gulbenkian, Calouste, 232 Gyalistras, Serge, 207 H Habsburg Empire/ Habsburgs, 31, 323 Haci Halil Efendi, 188 Haci Hasan Ağa, 98 Hadjipetros, Christodoulos, 191 Haitian Revolution, 244, 249 Haiti/Haitians, 244, 249, 250, 263 Hale, Sarah Josepha, 175 Halet Efendi, Mehmed Said, 97 Halil Bey, 99,100 Halleck, Fitz-Greene, 302 Hamburg, 231 345 Hardy, Thomas, 307 Harvard College, 250 Hasan Paşa, 114,116 Hatzimihail, Theophilos, 8 Haydon, Benjamin Robert, 248, 259 Heiden, Lodewijk (Login) van, 284 Hellas/Hellenes/Hellenic, 7, 68, 76, 85,168,194,211,274, 302, 310, 314 Hellenism, 16, 67-85, 205, 279, 280, 293 Hernans, Felicia, 220 Henty, G. A., 12 Herodotus, 69, 272 Holland (Netherlands), 46, 53-55, 64, 65, 324, 325 Holy Alliance, 135, 327, 331 Homer/Homeric, 35, 69, 274, 298, 314 Hong Kong, 235, 323 Hospodar, 223 Howe, Samuel Gridley, 12, 169, 246, 247, 252, 253, 264-266 Hubbard, Timothy, 258 Hugo, Victor, 220 Huguenot/Huguenots, 17, 219, 230-233, 236, 238, 239 Huguenot Society, 238 Huguenots of
Spitalfields, 238 Hull, 235 Humanitarian/humanitarians/ humanitarianism, 17, 265, 322, 332, 333, 335 Hurşid Paşa (Pasha), 10, 122n48 Hydra/Hydriot/Hydriots, 111, 132, 139,142,144,146,148, 219,310 I lanitsii, Feodora, 292 Iași, 221
346 INDEX Ibrahim Edhem Pasha, 117 Ibrahim Efendi, 97 Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt (Ibrahim Pașa), 112, 117,122ո48, 252, 277, 328 Icaria (Ikaria), 52 Iceland, 16, 67-85 Icelanders, 68, 70-76, 71n5, 78-81, 83, 84 Ignatius, Bishop, 35 Ikonnikov, Vladimir, 283 Iliad, 72, 274, 305 iltizam, 94nl4, 95, 96 Inceli Ahmed Paşa, 104 India, Indian, 225, 235, 236 Intervention, 11,14, 34, 75, 76,106, 148,150,151,186,187, 273, 282, 286, 291, 322, 328-333, 335 loannikios (monk), 188,191 loannina (Yanina), 118,101 Ionian Islands/Ionian/Ionians, 23, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34-36, 38, 39, 41,42, 59,61,62,102,103, 131-134,149,150,152,160, 164,165nl6, 231,236, 251, 272, 280, 287, 291, 294, 306, 334 los, 49,144 Iowa, Ivan, 290 Iran, 235 Iraq, 235, 326 Irish, 308 Islam, 98,113nll, 135, 245, 264, 264n84, 266, 268 Islamic State (ISIS), 330 İslenzksagnMfâ, 71, 75, 77 Istanbul, Istanbul (Constantinople), 18, 34,46,47, 90-93, 95-98, 100-102,104,110, 111, 111Ո7, 113Ո11,117-119,118n27, 118n29,121,122n48,123n52, 218, 221, 222, 224, 226, 227, 234, 289 Italy/Italian, 5,13, 27, 32,48n5, 56, 156,156n2,167, 301, 325 luzefovich, Trofim, 285 Ivaz, 122n50 Izmir, İzmir (Smyrna), Smyrniot, 46, 64,110,114,116-118, 122n50, 141,161,164, 172n32,177, 192, 221, 225-227, 272nl, 281,310 J Janis, Nikolas, 144 Janissaries, 271 Japan, 235 Jarvis, George, 252, 253 Jefferson, Thomas, 247 Jenkins, Romilly, 318, 318n48 Jerome (family), 238 Jerusalem, 164 Jesus Christ, 208, 263 Jews, Jewish, 29,46, 53,113nll, 164, 221, 235, 332 Jizya (cizye), 7 Joyce, James, 305 К Kadi, 92 Kairis, Theophilos, 8 Kalamata, 10, 94nl4, 96, 99,100, 117, 247
Kalamos, 334 Kafini, 96 Kallergis, Dimitrios, 230, 294 Kalvos, Andreas, 299, 301, 302, 309,318 Kalymnos, 52 Kampams (family), 52 Kanaris, Konstantinos, 212
INDEX Kantemir, Antiokh, 273 Kapnist, Vasilit, 273 Kapodistrias, Ioannis, 11, 35, 36, 76, 111ո4,119, 126,142,148,149, 151, 212, 275-277, 289, 294,328 Kapterev, Nikolai, 284 Kara-Ali Pasha, 217 Karachi, 235 Karaferye, 119 Karaiskakis, Georgios, 35 Karavelles, Anastasius, 160, 167, 168 Karaveiles, John, 167, 168, 173 Karpass Peninsula, 191 Karpenisi, 302 Karyotakis, K. G., 309 Karytaina, 97, 98,101 Kasos, Kasian, 11,110,131, 132,141 Kastellorizo, 132 Kastoria, 315 Kaza, 92, 96, 98, 99 Kazan, 280 Kazan Theological Academy, 284 Kazan University, 280 Kea, 48 Kefalonia (Cephalonia), Kefalonian, 61,142,145,271 Keith, Abijah, 248, 256, 258 Kensington, 232 Kenya, 235 Khaznadar, Mustapha, 227 Khmetevskii, Stepan, 284 Khomiakov, Aleksei, 281 Kimolos, 132 Kipling, Rudyard, 301 Klausturpósturinn, 71, 73-75, 77, 78 Kleftes/klefts/klephts/kleftic/ klephtic, 5,18, 35, 37, 38, 138, 274, 286, 298, 300-302, 304, 307, 309, 310, 313-315, 317, 318 Klonaris, Christodoulos, 249 347 Kodjabashis, kocabaşı, 7, 37, 90-107, 92n5,189 Koine, 157 Kolkata, 235 Kolokotronis, Theodoros, 10, 36-41, 103,212, 221,275, 286 Kondylis (family), 52 Korais, Adamantios, 8, 249, 274, 280 Koran (Quran), 103 Kornesios, Hadjigeorgakis, 189, 190 Koroni, 113, 117 Köse Mustafa Paşazade, 118n27 Kosovo, 323 Kotzioulas, Giorgos, 313 Koumoundouros, Theodoros, 99, 100 Kountouriotis, Lazaros, 143n34 Kountouriotis, Pavlos, 312 Kõutsis, Georgios, 139 Kranidi, 132,132n8 Krosni (family), 122n49 Küchelbecker, Wilhelm, 272, 277 Küçük Kaynarca (Treaty), 8, 277, 288, 327 Küçük Mehmed, 189, 190 Kurganov, Fedor, 284 Kuşadası, 114-116,
116Ո18,122ո49 Kydonies, Kydonian, 132, 225 Kyparissia (Arkadya), 97 Kypiades, George, 193 Kyprianos (Archbishop), 184, 187-191,193, 195-201,208-211 Kyrenia, 200, 204 Kyrillos II (Archbishop), 200 Kythira, 110, 116, 121,122, 272 Kythreotis, lacovos, 209 L Lafayette, Marquis de, 247, 265, 266 Lalacos, Theocharis, 195
348 INDEX Lalas, Lalots, 102,103,114, 119,119n33 Lamanskii, Vladimir, 281-283, 282nl8 Lamberson, Leo, 177 Larissa (Larisa), 118n27,119, 315 Larnaca, 190,193 Latin, 48, 60, 69, 82, 305 La Trobe (family), 238 Lebanon, 119, 326 Lebedev, Aleksei, 284 Lefkada, 35,42 Lefteri, Christy, 207 Leicester Square, 231 Lemnos, 132 Leningrad University, 289 Leonidas of Sparta, 205 Leros, 52,132n8 Lesvos, 12Խ45,124,141 Lethieullier (family), 236 Levant, 48n5, 49n7, 51, 51nl4, 53n22, 54n25, 60,131,165, 222 Levant Company, 222 Liapi, Bayram, 119 Liberal democracy/liberal democratic, 18, 336 Liberalism/liberal/liberals/liberality, 23, 25, 38, 42, 43, 72,170,185, 201, 232, 248, 268, 329, 330nl4 Liberty Party (USA), 258 Lieven (family), 329, 331 Lieven, Christoph, 329 Lieven, Dorothea, 329 Liverpool, 233, 235, 263 Livorno (Leghorn), 46,192, 221, 226, 251 Logothetis, Lykourgos, 219, 220 Loizides, Savvas, 204, 205 Lomonosov, Mikhail, 273 London Conference (1832), 260n67 London/Londoners, 17, 95nl6, 104n48,130,139, 165nl5,192, 211, 222, 224, 227-237, 239, 259, 265, 329 London Protocol (1829), 123 London Protocol (1830), 111 London Tavern, 230 London Treaty (1827), 331 Long, Christopher, 238 Long, Helen, 220, 224, 238 Lontos, Sotirakis, 101,104 Lorca, Federico Garcia, 310, 311n37 Louis XIII of France, 324 Louis ХГѴ of France, 324 Louis XVIII of France, 330 Louriotis (family), 145 Louverture, Toussaint, 249 Μ Macedonia, 112 Magnusson, Finnur, 16, 71, 72, 74-78, 82, 83 Mahmud II (Sultan), 10,121, 123n53,188, 189, 330 Mahmud Nedim Bey, 122n50 Makarios II (Archbishop), 205 Makarios III (Archbishop), 205
Makriyannis, Yannis, 299 Malakasis, Miltiadis, 310 Malandrakis, Michalis, 144 Malta, 33,49n7,135,156n2,161, 164-168,164nl2,172n32, 173, 226, 250, 251, 291, 334 Manchester, 232, 234, 235 Manifest Destiny, 324 Mani/Maniot/Maniots, 10,11, 33, 99,151, 244 Marathon, 82,173n33, 205 Marblehead, Massachusetts, 246 Margrethe II of Denmark, 85 Maritime courts, 17,136,148-151 Markezinis, Vassilios, 61, 62 Markov, Dmitrii, 290
INDEX Marseille, 46, 111, 192, 221, 224, 226, 234 Martens, Fedor, 285 Martinique, 173 Marxism-Leninism, 289 Marx/Marxism/Marxist, 287, 288,291 Massachusetts, 166,169,173,174, 246, 248 Mastic, 223 Matzarakis, Evangelos, 59 Mavrogenis (family), 52 Mavrogordato (family), 222, 232, 234 Mavrogordato, Emmanuel, 230 Mavrogordato, John (historian), 222, 238 Mavrogordato, John (merchant), 12 Mavrokordatos, Alexandros, 212, 250, 252, 259, 275, 330 Mavromichalis (family), 151 Mavromichalis, Petrobey, 10, 244, 247 May, Samuel J., 258 Megali Idea (Great Idea), 3, 5,11 Mehmed II (Sultan), 7 Mercantilism/mercantile, 29, 47, 52, 62, 65, 223, 231, 239 Merchant/merchants, 8,16,17, 24, 28, 31,32nl9, 40,46, 64, 89,113nll, 131,132, 136,138,142,144,149, 151,152,217,218, 222-224, 228, 231-233, 235, 239, 287, 327 Messenia, 98 Messenian Senate, 247 Metaxas, Ioannis, 183, 207 Methoni, 113,117 Metternich, 326-328 Mexico, 324 Michaelides, Vasilis, 185,191, 196,209 349 Migration, 12,16,17, 34,109-126, 161,218,219, 224, 225,227, 238, 292, 334 Milionis, Christos, 299, 300, 311 Mill, John Stuart, 332 Miller, Hernan, 245 Miller, Jonathan Peckham, 17,169, 174,244-268 Miller, Lucas Miltiades, 169, 174,255 Miller, Sarah A., 248, 256, 258 Miller, William, 12,12n24 Millet, 165nl4 Milos, 55, 56,132 Minnesota, 290 Minnesota University, 290 Mir Yusuf Bey, 114 Missionaries/missionary, 17,156-158, 161-169,171-173,172n32, 176, 251 Missolonghi, 17,132, 144,145,147, 148, 250-253, 275, 303, 304, 307, 308, 310 Mocenigo (family), 292 Modernism/modern/modernity/ modernise/moderniser/ modernisers/modernisation, 5, 7,
12,14,15,17, 24, 24n2, 27,29, 33,43,46, 64, 69, 80, 83,136, 167, 211, 219, 236-239, 244, 255, 261, 273, 275, 277n9, 279-283, 281Ո16, 285-287, 294, 298, 301, 309, 318, 318n52, 323, 323n4, 325, 333, 336 Mohalby (Mohalbey), Garifàlia, 17,174 Moldavia, 10, 123,188, 327 Moldova, 23 Monarchism/monarchy, 72, 74, 327,330nl4
350 INDEX Monemvasia, 111, 116,117, 225 Monroe, James, 247, 328, 328nl0 Monroe Doctrine, 328 Montenegro, 33 Montpelier, Vermont, 256, 258 Morea (Peloponnese), Morean, 10, 11,15n34,16, 36-38, 40, 89-107,112,118,119,124, 221, 244, 247, 327 Morris, Sir John Demetrius, 334 Moschonisi (Cunda), 110,121n43 Moscow, 230, 277n9, 278, 286, 331 Moscow University, 280 Mount Athos, 38 Mount Pleasant Classical Institute, 169 Mourouzis, Konstantinos, 221 Mousouris, Gerassimos, 142 Muhammad Ali Pasha of Egypt, 326 Mukatact,, 95-99 Mültezim, 95 Mumbai, 235 Munich, 305 Murav’ev, Andrei, 280 Musket, 18, 298-301, 303-308, 311, 312,314 Muslim/Muslims, 11,16, 29, 33, 37, 53, 56, 74, 76, 83, 92, 93,98,102-104,113-120, 120n37,120n40,121n45, 122-126,122n50,135,164, 186,189-191,196,197, 202, 203, 220, 221, 265-268, 294, 298, 299, 327, 329, 332 Mussolini, Benito, 183, 207 Mustafa Ağa, 124 Mustafa Paşa (governor), 97, 98 Mustafa Reşid Paşa, 115 Myanmar, 235 Mykonos, 49,110,132,144,148 Mylon, 252 Nafplio, 111, 114,115,148, 253, 277, 313 Naples, 77,192 Napoleon, 34,102,161, 324, 327, 330nl4 Napoleonic era, 38, 42 Napoleonic Wars, 8, 27,102, 130,137 National Bank of Greece, 8, 9 Nationalism/nationalist/nationalists/ nation-state, 3, 5-8, 10, 11, 13, 14,17,18, 24, 27,43, 70, 71, 79n43, 80n47, 81n54, 82-84, 89, 90,158,183-186,191,193, 195,197, 204, 205, 208-212, 244, 245, 275, 297, 305, 315, 323-325, 324n5, 328, 330nl4,335 National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters (EOKA), 185, 195, 204-207 National Radical Union of Cyprus (EREK), 195, 204-207 Nation-building, 13,14 NATO, 321 Navarino, 11,113,117,141, 275,
284, 289, 326, 332, 334 Naxos, 48, 49, 54-56, 58, 60, 61, 63, 64,132 Near East, 282, 288 Negroponte (family), 234 Neo-classicism/neo-classical, 79n43, 244, 301 Neo-Hellenism/neo-Hellenists, 7, 294, 295 Neo-humanism, 69, 69n2, 82 Netherlands (Holland), 324, 325 Neutral/neutrality, 55, 58, 65,136, 141,142,144,149, 219, 220, 330
INDEX New Orleans, 235, 263 New Spain, 324 New Testament, 69,165nl6,170 Newton, Frank, 300 New York City (NYC), 254 New York, New Yorker, 161, 235, 238,246, 252 Nicholas I of Russia, 290, 331 Nicholas II of Russia, 285 Nicosia, 187, 189,196-198, 200-204 Nikitaras, 36 Nikola (family), 122n50 Nikola, Antonis, 132 Norov, Avraam, 280 North America, 77 Norway, 68 Norwich Military Academy, 169 Norwich University, 257 О O’Connell, Daniel, 259 Odessa, 8,104, 221, 234, 279nl2, 292 Odyssey, 272 Oehlenschläger, Adam, 80 Oikonomos, Konstantinos, 294 Oil, 96, 220, 223, 248 Olympos, 33 Olympus (mountain), 311, 316 Onassis Cavafy Archive, 238 Oppenheim-Lauterpacht Treatise, 333 Orange County, Vermont, 245 Ordynskii, Boris, 280, 281 Orientalism/orientalist, 77, 265, 286 Orlov (brothers), 100 Orlov Revolt, 29,100,101, 103 Orphan/orphans, 17,126, 155-177, 255 Orthodox/Orthodoxy, 8, 29, 53, 54, 57-65, 101, 110,113nll, 123, 156,158,164,165nl5,167, 351 171Ո29,189-191, 194,196, 209, 220, 228, 229, 239, 271-273, 280, 282, 293, 294, 309, 313, 327, 335 Otto I of Greece, 11, 229, 260n67 Ottoman Civil War (1820), 10,11 Ottoman Empire, Ottomans, 5-11, 14,16,17, 24, 25, 28-31, 33-38,43, 46, 47, 52, 55-57, 59, 60, 68, 74, 76, 77, 83, 90-97, 91n3,100,101, 103-107,109-115,113nll, 115nl5,116Ո18,117-126, 121Ո42,130-132, 134,135, 137,141,142,144,149-151, 158,160,164, 164nll, 165nl4, 176,184-186,188-192,194, 196, 207, 210, 211,217, 219-228, 244, 245, 247, 250, 252, 253, 260, 264, 265, 267, 268, 273, 274, 277, 280, 282, 284, 286, 288, 290, 291, 294, 301, 317, 323, 325-327, 325n7, 329,331,335 P Palamas, Kostis,
305, 307-310, 318 Palamidi, 114 Paleolog, G., 284 Palestine, 326 Pallis (family), 234 Panaretos (Archbishop), 192 Pangalos (family), 52 Pan-Orthodox, 285 Pan-Slavism/Pan-Slav, 285 Papaflessas (Grigorios Dikaios-Flessas), 105,106 Papageorgiou, Spyros, 185 Paparrigopoulos, Konstantinos, 281 Papatsonis, Dimitrios, 97 Parga, 34, 35
352 INDEX Paris, 49n7, 251,301 Paris Treaty (1856), 152 Parnassus, 301, 302 Paros, 48, 56 Partridge, Alden, 169 Patmos, 52,132 Patras, 113,114,117,132 Patrikios, Titos, 313 Pazarcık, 119 Peckham, Jonathan, 17,169 Pègues, Abbé, 60 Peloponnese (Morca)/Peloponnesian/ Peloponnesians, 10,16, 23, 29-31,36-39,41,53,64, 90-107, 91n4, 94nl4, 110, 113-120,124,135,141,147, 151,211,252, 272, 327, 328, 332 Pericles, 265 Persephones (ship), 145 Persia/Persians, 286 Peru, 324 Peter I of Russia (Peter the Great), 273 Petimezas, Nikolaos, 36 Petrocochino (family), 222, 232, 234 Petrocochino, D. P., 237 Petrocokino, Nicholas Pantoleon, 172n32 Petrov, Andrei, 283 Petrozavodsk State University, 293 Petrunina, Olga, 18, 292 Phanariot/Phanariots, 9, 222-224 Philadelphia, 161n9, 254 Philhellenes/Philhellene/ Philhellenism, 5,16,17, 25, 32, 67-85,126,155,159,164nll, 168-170,185, 226, 236, 244-268, 336 Phillips, Walter Alison, 12 Philotheos (Archbishop), 189 Piatigorskii, Grigori, 292 Pickering, Henry, 220 Pindus (mountain), 311 Piracy/pirate/pirates, 16, 57, 64, 74, 131,135-139,142,146, 149-152, 331,334 Plato, 69,158,160,162,169 Plattsburgh, New York, 246 Plessos, Katerina Georgia (Katerina Crummer), 334 Poem/poems/poetry/poet/poets/ poetic, 18, 72, 80, 82,155, 156, 159,170,175,185,191,196, 207, 209, 220,244, 260, 273, 274, 277, 286, 297-318 Pogodin, Mikhail, 281 Pokrovskii, Mikhail, 286, 287 Poland, Josephs, 259 Polychroniadis, Konstantinos, 249 Poros, 132, 255, 334 Port Jackson, 334 Portugal/Portuguese, 26, 324, 329 Postcolonial, 89 Powers, E. Anna, 261 Powers, Hiram, 261 Preveza,
118,119,124,125 Priakhin, Iurii, 292 Primate/primates, 7,16, 59, 326 Prissis, Antonis, 131 Privateering/privateer/privateers, 5, 16,17,130-152 Prize courts, 136,148,149 Proestoi, proestos, 7 Prakritai, 90, 91 Protestant/protestantism, 157, 158, 161, 164nl2,165,165nl4, 166, 171-173,176, 230, 231, 233, 238 Prussia, 327, 332 Prut River, 188 Psara/Psarian/Psarians, 11,110,132, 139, 141,144,148,161, 174, 225
INDEX Puducherry, 235 Punch (magazine), 261 Q Quran (Koran), 103 R Raft, George, 316 Ragusa/Ragusans, 46 Ralli (family), 233, 235, 237 Ralli, Alexandra, 233 Ralli, Antonio, 234 Ralli, Antonio Alexander, 229 Ralli, Augustus, 234 Ralli, Eustratio, 222, 229 Ralli, Eustratius, 233 Ralli, John, 222, 234 Ralli, Konstantinos, 165 Ralli, Lionel, 233 Ralli, Loukas, 225 Ralli, Lucas Eustratio, 234 Ralli, Mabel, 233 Ralli, Marietta, 229 Ralli, Marigo (née Mavrogordato), 222, 230, 232 Ralli, Pandias, 229, 234 Ralli, Pandas, 165 Ralli, Stephanos, 229 Ralli, Toumazis, 234 Ralli Bros, 166nl7, 234, 235 Randolph, Vermont, 245-247, 245n3 Rangavis, Alexandros Rizos, 305 Raphael, Alexander, 232 Rask, Rasmus Christian, 80, 81 Raven-Hill, Leonard, 3 Rayah, reaya, reayas, 33, 91ոՅ, 94-96, 95ո16, 99, 100, 121, 121ո45, 123, 189, 192, 193 Razikotsika (family), 145 353 Refilgee/refugees, 17, 28, 40, 42, 110-112, noni, ււօո2, попз, 111ո4,114-120,115ո15, 118ո27, 118ո29, 121ո43, 124-126, 161, 166, 177, 218, 220, 224-226, 229, 232, 304, 334 Republic, 33, 36, 208 Republicanism/republican/ republicans, 17, 35, 42, 43, 186, 195, 207-210, 263, 324, 327, 330, 330ո14 Reykjavik, 72 Ricord, Pyotr, 284 Rio Castel (Kastel-i Mora), 114,116 Ritsos, Yiannis, 312, 313 Rodocanachi (family), 226 Rodocanachi, Michel E., 234 Roman Empire, 7 Romania/Romanian/Romanians, 10, 13,23, 326 Romanticism/romantics/romanticist, 17, 32, 70, 79, 84,159,170, 244, 286, 305 Rome, 69,192, 280 Romeosene, 196, 208, 209 Romilly, John, 235, 238, 318 Romiai, 7, 8 Rostov-on-Don, 222 Rothschild, Nathaniel Mayer, 235 Roumeli, Rumelia, 23, 30, 31,
37, 38, 40, 41,111Ո7,118,135 Royal/Royalism/Royalist, 68, 72, 106,107, 205 Russian Academy of Sciences, 293 Russian-Ottoman War (1768-74) (Russo-Turkish War) (RussoOttoman War), 49, 283, 288 Russian Ottoman War (1806-12) (Russo-Ottoman War), 101,103 Russian Party, 11 Russian State Library, 293
354 INDEX Russian State University, 293 Russia/Russian Empire/Russian, 8, 10,11,17,18,23, 27-29,31, 34-36, 38, 39, 49, 52, 61, 62, 64, 74, 76, 77,100,101,105, 106,123,142,149,171n29, 192,193, 228, 236, 244, 271-295, 284n24, 322, 323, 326-331, 333 S Sæmundsson, Tómas, 82 St Albans, Vermont, 258 St Bartholomew’s Day (massacre), 230 Saint-Domingue, 249 Saint Malo, 137 Saint Petersburg, 107, 272, 330 St Sophia, Bayswater, 230, 231, 238 Sakarya (Sangarios), 310 Salamina/Salamis, 82,110, 111, 205, 275 Salem, Massachusetts, 173 Salisbury, Lord (Robert GascoyneCecil), 194 Sally Ann (ship), 250 Salónica (Thessaloniki), 46, 316 Salt, 77, 96 Samarin, Iurii, 281 Samos, Samian, Samians, 110,132, 144,147, 219-221 Samothrace, 11 Sampson, Nikos, 185 Santorini, 16,46,48, 53-65,132 Sardinia/Sardinian, 151 Saronic Islands, 111, 147 Savannah, 235 Scandinavia/Scandinavian, 79-81, 236 Scaramanga (family), 227, 234 Schilizzi (family), 234 Schiller, Friedrich, 305 Security Council, 322 Seferis, George, 310 Self-determination, 18, 322, 325-326, 333-335 Selim III (Sultan), 97, 244 Seniavin, Dmitrii, 284 Septinsular Republic, 34 Serbia/Serbian, 13,123, 245, 321, 322 Serres, 114,118 Şevki Bey, 118n27 Ships/shipping, 27, 55, 64,101, 111, 112,115-117,117n23, 119, 121Ո45,122,122n48, 131-139,141-146,143n34, 148-152,156,161,173, 193, 227, 234, 235, 255, 321, 330 Shparo, Olga, 288, 289 Siebert, Wilbur, 248, 258 Sigourney, Lydia H., 175 Sikelianos, Angelos, 309 Silk, 96, 223, 235, 236 Sinopoulos, Takis, 313-315 Siphnos (Sifhos), 55 Sitian, George, 161,173n33 Sivinis, Μ., 284 Skanderbeg, 39 Skiathos, 112
Skopelos, 112,132,144 Skyros, 112 Slave/slavery/slaves, 28,29, 33, 74, 76, 77,110,161,161n9,170, 173, 218, 226, 227, 245, 249, 257-264, 268,310 Slavic, Slavs, 12, 272, 286, 327 Slavonic, 273 Smilianskaia, Elena, 292 Smyrna (Izmir), Smyrniot, 46, 64, 110,114,116-118,122n50, 141,161,164,172n32,192, 221, 225-227, 272nl, 281,310
INDEX Society of Friends {Filiki Eteriu/ Friendly Society), 8,10, 23, 41, 59,104, 105,106n52,190, 195, 204, 205, 210, 288, 289, 299 Socrates, 158 Soho, 231, 238 Sokolov, Ivan, 284 Solomos, Dionysios, 299, 302-304, 306ո24, 313,318 Solov’ev, Sergei, 283 Sophocles, Evangelinos Apostolides, 169 Sophronios (archbishop), 196, 202 Souli/Souliot/Souliots, 9, 10, 33, 35, 36, 302-304 South Africa, 235 South America, 235, 324, 328 Southampton, 231 South Australia, 235, 322 Soviet Union/Soviet/Soviets, 286, 287, 289, 290, 294, 313 Spain/Spanish, 26, 50, 62, 75, 77, 324, 329, 330, 330nl4 Spetses, Spetsiot, 111, 130,132,139, 142,145,146,148 Sporades, 38 Spyridakis, Constantinos, 208 Stanhope, Leicester, 81 Stanislavskaia, Avgusta, 291 Stephensen, Magnus, 16, 71-75, 71n5, 77, 78, 82, 83 Stevenson, Malcolm, 197,198, 203 Stowell, Ellery, 333 Strel’bitskii, Ivan, 285 Strovolos, Nicosia, 187 Sturdza, Alexander, 18, 284 Sudan, 235 Sumarokov, Alexander, 273 Sunni, 264 Surridge, 202 Suto, Nikolaos, 145 355 Swaziland, 235 Sweden, 68 Switzerland, 70 Sydney, 161n9, 334 Symi, 132 Syria, 235, 326 Syros, Syriot, 48, 55,110,121n43, 144,145,148,161,170,171, 224-226, 236 T Tabriz, 235 Taganrog, 222 Tanzania, 235 Tanzimat, 327 Tarle, Evgenii, 287 Tatishchev, Sergei, 283, 288 Tax/taxation, 7, 33, 37, 52, 55, 56, 58-60, 91, 93-99, 94nl4,107, 121-123,125,147,189,192, 279,326 Temple, Daniel, 166, 251 Tertsetis, Georgios, 39 Testa, Gaspar, 56, 64 Texas, 324 Thasos, 144 Thebes, 90 Theocritus, 274 Theotokis, Nikephoros, 280 Thessaloniki (Salónica), 117,118, 161, 227 Thessaly, 30, 112, 221 Thrace, 132 Timoleon
(ship), 143n34 Tinos, 49, 55,60,110,132 Tombazis, lakovos, 219 Tontine (ship), 255 Topal Osman Paşa, 90, 91, 91n4 Tourkokratia, 5, 99 Trabzon, 227 Transatlantic, 244-268
356 INDEX Trans-imperial/transimperialism, 27, 42 Transnatíonal/transnationalism, 5,16, 23^3, 68, 72, 79ո43, 84 Trans-Saharan slave trade, 227 Travel/traveller/travellers, 52, 69, 80, 82, HOnl, ІІОпЗ, Hln7, 115nl5,125, 167,173,193, 250, 260, 273, 279, 280, 292, 316, 317 Triantafyllides, Antonios, 204 Trieste, 46, 111, 192, 221, 226 Trikala, 118 Trikeri, 133 Trikoupis, Spyridon, 281 Tripoli, Tripolitsa, 11, 92,102, 113, 114,117,118n27,119, 221, 267, 303 Tripoli (Lebanon), 119 Troizinia (Troezen), 147 Tunis, 227 Turkey/Turkish/Turks, 5,18,49n7, 54n25, 56, 76, 77, 82, 91, 91n3, 94nl4,113nll, 123,142,146, 156,161,161n9,174,186,187, 190,195,197,198, 202-204, 212, 220, 227, 235, 255, 265-267, 278, 286, 291, 304, 309, 326, 327, 331, 333 Turkish Cypriot/Turkish Cypriots, 18, 187,195,197,198, 204, 207 Two Sicilies, 38 U Uganda, 235 Ul’ianitskii, Vladimir, 283 Unification, 47, 325 Unitarianism/Unitarian, 258 United Kingdom (Britain), 11, 25, 31, 34,49,49n7, 61-63,113nll, 130,131,134,150,192,212, 218, 219, 222,224,229, 231, 232, 237, 322, 324, 328-331, 336 See also England United Nations, 321, 322, 335 United States of America, 25, 39,131, 161, 165-168,173,174,176, 245, 260, 266-268 Ushakov, Fedor, 291 V Vagliano Bros, 236 Valaoritis, Aristotelis, 305, 306, 309, 311,313,314,317,318 Vali, 92 Van Heiden, Lodewijk (Login), 284 Van Hess, Cornelius P., 250 Varna, 119 Varnakiotis, Georgios, 40 Vekil, 96, 97,102,103 Veli Paşa, 101-104,104ո44 Venevitinov, Dmitrii, 273 Venezuela, 324 Venice/Venetían State/Venetian, 26, 28, 31, 34,42,46,48,48n5, 63, 90, 92,131, 272 Veria, 119 Vermont, 169, 245,
245n3, 246, 255-259 Vermont University, 247, 256 Verona (Congress), 329 Victorian (era), 336 Vienna (Congress), 8, 325, 327 Vigoureux (family), 63 Vinogradov, Vladen, 290 Virgin Mary (ship), 132 Vladimirescu, Tudor, 10 Vlasto (family), 234 Vlasto, Michel, 233 Vlasto, Peter, 237 Voivodes, voyvoda, 52,92, 98, 99
INDEX Vondiziano, Antonio, 193 Von Herder, Johann Gottfried, 80 Vostitsa, 96,101 Voulgaris, Evgenios, 273, 280 W Walbridge, Deimia, 245 Wallachia, 10,123, 327 Warlord/warlords, 16, 29, 35, 36, 41n41,42 Washington, 263 Webster, Daniel, 247 Wellington, Lord (Arthur Wellesley), 331 Wheaton, Henry, 332 Whig Party (USA), 256 Whitman, Walt, 312, 317 Wilder, S. V. S., 251 William ГѴ of the United Kingdom, 229 Williams, Louise Warrington, 233 Wilson, Samuel, 251 Windsor County, Vermont, 246 Wine, 57, 58, 61, 64, 64n51,223 Winthrop, Thomas L., 174, 250 Wisconsin, 169, 255 Woodhouse, Christopher Montague, 14,184 Woodstock, Vermont, 246 World Anti-Slavery Convention (1840), 259, 261 World War I (Great War) (First World War) (WWI), 184, 286 357 World War II (Second World War) (WWII), 12,13,185, 206, 287, 310, 318n50, 335 Worrell Jr., Joseph, 254 Wright, Chester, 256 X Xenakis, Dionysios, 229 Xerxes, 275 Y Yale University, 170 Yanina (loannina), 9,118 Yarra River, 334 Yenişehir, 119 York, 231 Ypsilantis, Alexander, 9,10, 74, 76, 106,188, 212, 274, 289, 290, 294 Ypsilantis, Dimitrios, 252 Yugoslavia, 321, 322 Yusuf Paşa, 114 Z Zachos, John Celivergos, 160,169 Zakynthos (Zante), 37, 39^1, 142, 160,168, 251, 304 Zanina, Valerija, 293 Zhigarev, Sergei, 283, 288 Zoitakis, Afanasii, 292 Zurich Accords, 206 Zuylen van Nyevelt, Baron de, 56 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek՛ München |
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| author2 | Cartledge, Yianni Varnava, Andrekos 1979- |
| author2_role | edt edt |
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| author_GND | (DE-588)1066495084 |
| author_facet | Cartledge, Yianni Varnava, Andrekos 1979- |
| building | Verbundindex |
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| dewey-tens | 900 - History & geography |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| discipline_str_mv | Geschichte |
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| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| id | DE-604.BV048662284 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T21:21:27Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:45:14Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783031108488 9783031108518 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034036945 |
| oclc_num | 1351868933 |
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| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-11 |
| physical | xxii, 357 Seiten Illustrationen |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20230216 |
| publishDate | 2022 |
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| publisher | Palgrave Macmillan |
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| spelling | New perspectives on the Greek war of independence myths, realities, legacies and reflections Yianni Cartledge, Andrekos Varnava (editor) Cham, Switzerland Palgrave Macmillan [2022] © 2022 xxii, 357 Seiten Illustrationen txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Modern History European History Political History Social History History, Modern Europe—History World politics Social history Griechischer Unabhängigkeitskrieg (DE-588)4158172-6 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Griechischer Unabhängigkeitskrieg (DE-588)4158172-6 s DE-604 Cartledge, Yianni edt Varnava, Andrekos 1979- (DE-588)1066495084 edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-3-031-10849-5 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034036945&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034036945&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | New perspectives on the Greek war of independence myths, realities, legacies and reflections Modern History European History Political History Social History History, Modern Europe—History World politics Social history Griechischer Unabhängigkeitskrieg (DE-588)4158172-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4158172-6 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | New perspectives on the Greek war of independence myths, realities, legacies and reflections |
| title_auth | New perspectives on the Greek war of independence myths, realities, legacies and reflections |
| title_exact_search | New perspectives on the Greek war of independence myths, realities, legacies and reflections |
| title_exact_search_txtP | New perspectives on the Greek war of independence myths, realities, legacies and reflections |
| title_full | New perspectives on the Greek war of independence myths, realities, legacies and reflections Yianni Cartledge, Andrekos Varnava (editor) |
| title_fullStr | New perspectives on the Greek war of independence myths, realities, legacies and reflections Yianni Cartledge, Andrekos Varnava (editor) |
| title_full_unstemmed | New perspectives on the Greek war of independence myths, realities, legacies and reflections Yianni Cartledge, Andrekos Varnava (editor) |
| title_short | New perspectives on the Greek war of independence |
| title_sort | new perspectives on the greek war of independence myths realities legacies and reflections |
| title_sub | myths, realities, legacies and reflections |
| topic | Modern History European History Political History Social History History, Modern Europe—History World politics Social history Griechischer Unabhängigkeitskrieg (DE-588)4158172-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Modern History European History Political History Social History History, Modern Europe—History World politics Social history Griechischer Unabhängigkeitskrieg Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034036945&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034036945&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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