Witchcraft in Romania:
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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Cham, Switzerland
Palgrave Macmillan
[2023]
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| Schriftenreihe: | Palgrave historical studies in witchcraft and magic
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| Beschreibung: | xiii, 331 Seiten Illustrationen, Karte |
| ISBN: | 9783031152214 |
| ISSN: | 2731-5649 |
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Contents 1 Introduction: Who Are the Romanians and How to Study Witchcraft in Romania? Part I 25 Trials in Earthly Life 2 Witchcraft Acts: Condemnation of Sorcery in the Codes of Law 3 1 27 Trials, Persecutions, Executions (the Sixteenth-Nineteenth Centuries) 65 4 New Elites, New Paradigms of Rationality (EighteenthNineteenth Centuries): Against the Superstitions of the Romanians 153 Part II Trials in the Afterlife 5 171 Canonical Versus Apocryphal: Religious Texts Condemning Witchcraft 173 ix
X CONTENTS 6 Doomsday and Hellfire: Iconographie Representations of Witchcraft in Last Judgment Compositions 219 7 Conclusions 305 General Bibliography 313 Index of Persons and Places 321 Subject Index 329
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Switzerland AG 2023 I. Pop-Curșeu, Ș. Pop-Curşeu, Witchcraft in Romania, Palgrave Historical Studies in Witchcraft and Magic, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15222-l 313
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316 GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY Leland, Charles Godefrey. “Roumanian and Transylvanian Sorceries and Superstitions, Connected with Those of the Gypsies.” In Gypsy Sorcery and Portune Telling, 122-141. London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1891. Livadă-Cadeschi, Ligia. “Financing Social Care in the Romanian Principalities in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries.” Annals of the University of Bucharest/Political science series, 15 nr. 1 (2013): 37-50, https://www.ssoar. info/ssoar/handle/document/39012 (accessed December 2021). Magina, Adrian. “From Custom to Written Law: lus Valachicumiti the Banat.” In Government and Law in Medieval Moldavia, Transylvania and Wallachia, edited by Martyn Rady and Alexandru Simon, 71-77. London: UCL, 2013. Maiden, Martin. “Italian’s long-lost sister: the Romanian language and why Italianists should know about it.” The Italianist, 30, sup. 2 (2010): 29-43, https://doi.org/10.1080/02614340.2010.11917476 (accessed September 2021). Mézes, Ádám. “Georg Tallar and the 1753 Vampire Hunt: Administration, Medicine and the Returning Dead in the Habsburg Banat.” In The Magical and Sacred Medical World, edited by Éva Poes, 93-136. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2019. Micu, Dana Magdalena, Alexandru Dumitrescu, Sorin Cheval, Marius-Victor Birsan. Climate of the Romanian Carpathians. Variability and Trends. Springer International Publishing, 2015. Mitu, Sorin. National Identity of Romanians in Transylvania. Translated by Sorana Corneanu. Budapest: Central European University Press, 2001. Mureşanu, Camil. John Hunyadi, Defender of Christendom. Las Vegas:
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Index of Persons and Places1 a В Agârbiciu, 276, 278 Alba County, 185, 273, 291 Alba lulia/Weißenburg/ Gyulafehérvár, 53,113 Alexander the Good (Voivode), 28 Alunu, 127,128,132, 295 Anica, 129,130 Anișca of Plăiești, 50-52 Anthimos of Iberia (Metropolitan), 41,42,47,101,285 Añusca, 82, 92 Apuseni Mountains (Western Carpathians), 4, 221, 222, 263, 271 Argeș County, 231, 232, 243, 249, 280 Aron, Petru Pavel (Bishop), 54 Athos, 190, 227 Babșa, 90 Bacău, 96, 221, 222 Badea (priest), 112,122 Baia, 96 Baia Mare/Frauenbach/Nagybánya, 79, 88,132 Baioc, 100 Băișoara, 77, 93 Balamuci-Sitaru, 243 Balkans, 4 Banjani, 189 Bărbătești, 287, 288 Barcsai, Acațiu/Barcsay, Ákos (Prince), 96 Bârdea, Salomia, 77 Bárle, Bârlea, Bârla, 75, 77 Bârna, 90 Bartolo, Taddeo di, 249 1 Note: Page numbers followed by ‘n’ refer to notes. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023 I. Pop-Curșeu, Ș. Pop-Curșeu, Witchcraft in Romania, Palgrave Historical Studies in Witchcraft and Magic, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15222-l 321
322 INDEX OF PERSONS AND PLACES Basarab (dynasty), 3, 7 Basarab, Matei, 33, 35, 39, 46,114 Bâscenii de Jos, 231, 244 Basil the Great, 36, 39, 43, 58 Bătăiosu, Paul (painter), 291-293 Bâțcov monastery, 116, 117 Báthory, Andrei, 113 Bean, Die, 95, 96 Bedeleu/Izvoarele, 77 Belinț/Belintz/Belence, 160 Benedek, Bálint, 76 Benkö, Ana, 76 Benkő, Krisztina, 80 Berbești, 104 Bessarabia, 8 Bezedt/Besotten, 83 Bicălat/Făgetu Ierii, 77 Bicaz, 234, 267, 268, 270 Bistrița, 95, 96, 297 Bistrița/Bistritz/Beszterce, 95 Boar, Paraschiva, 93 Bodin, Jean, 31, 36 Bogata, 74 Bojincă, Damaschin, 167,168 Bolintineanu, Dimitrie, 120 Boroești, 289 Brâncoveanu, Constantin, 7, 49,114-120 Brașov/Kronstadt/Brasso, 32, 52, 54, 68, 70, 72, 82, 83, 95, 132, 221, 223, 229, 275 Breșa, Simina, 87 Bucharest, 8,13,17, 35, 41, 101, 111, 115,120,121, 123,124,129,134, 221, 270, 289 Budești-Josani, 186, 190, 296 Bukovina, 8, ПО, 133 Bulgaria, 2, 5,188, 277, 279, 307, 308 Bulgarians, 2, 6,188,188ո2,195, 276, 277, 279, 308, 310 Bumbe, Pascu, 87 Butică, Ana, 85 Buzău County, 230-232, 244-246, 285 C Călinești, 190,191, 239, 258, 295 Călinești-Căieni, 186, 190,191 Călinoiu, Marghioala, 129 Calvin, Jean, 31 Campan, Dobra, 83 Câmpia Turzii/Jerischmarkt/ Aranyosgyéres, 95 Campiña, 125,134 Câmpulung Moldovenesc, 107-110, 121, 134 Cantacuzino, Constantin, 101,115, 116,120 Cantacuzino, Păuna, 115-120,124, 125,129 Cantacuzino, Ștefan, 114—116, 120, 135՛ Cantemir, Dimitrie (Voivode), 6, 7, 28, 57,105-107,132,157 Caracas, Constantin, 46 Caransebeș/Karansebesch/ Karánsebes, 90 Carpzov, Benedikt, 51 Cașolț/Kastenholz/Hermâny, 82
Cehei’ 186,191, 192, 234, 263, 264 Cerătu de Copăcioasa, 290 Charles VI, Habsburg Emperor, 157 Cheia-Moeciu, 230 Chishull, Edmund, 49, 68 Chișinău, 289, 293, 294 Chrysostom, John, 41,182 Ciuta-Măgura, 245, 246 Cleșneșd, 239, 241, 281, 297 Cluj County, 256, 267, 269, 271, 272, 276, 278,291,292 Cluj-Napoca/Klausenburg/Kolozsvár, 13, 17, 69, 73, 75, 80, 84, 85, 93, 113,174, 221, 291-293, 296
INDEX OF PERSONS AND PLACES Cobia Monastery, 223 Codru, 220, 222, 275 Cogălniceanu, Neculai, 107,110 Colțești, 128 Corund, 234, 267, 268 Costin, Miron, 97 Cotoară, Ana, 83 Cozia monastery, 114 Craciunel/Homoródkarácsonfalva, 76 Craiova, 123,126,128,129, 289 Crasna/Kraszna County, 54, 78, 87, 92,132 Crete, 230 Crișan, Ioana, 77 Crișana, 220, 221, 235 Cristescu, Toma (painter), 287, 288 Császló, 76 Cuhea (Bogdan-Vodă), 233 Cuștelnic, 273 Cuza, Alexandru Ioan (Prince), 8, 46,47,167 D Dacia (Roman Province), 2, 3,14,155 Dâmbovița County, 44, 221, 224, 234,243, 259, 285, 286, 289 Dan, Ioana, 84, 93 Dănciu, 129, 132 Danube, 2, 4, 9, 104, 110 Dej/Desch/Dés, 70, 85, 94,110 Dengelegi (Török) Katalin, 79, 80 Derşida, 263 Dimitriovici, Vasile (painter), 232, 285, 295 Dionysius of Fourna, 227-229 Dobriču Lăpușului, 269, 270, 285, 294,295 ’ Dobruja, 184, 220 Dolj County, 11,103, 126,171, 221, 289 Dosoftei, Metropolitan, 41, 97 Drăgan, Floarea, 85 323 Dragomirești, 270 Drauss, Margaretha, 84 Dubești, 275-277, 291 Duca, Ruxandra, 88, 94 Dudunu, Càrsica, 129 Dudunu, Voi ca, 129 Dumbrăvița/Dobravica, 92 Dumitrache, 125 E Eftimie, Hegumen of Căpriana Monastery, 98-101, 136 Ephrem the Syrian, 182, 211 Ezeriş, 91, 166 F Fãget/Fatschet/Facsád, 89 Falero, Luis Ricardo, 294 Falukevici, Vasile (painter), 270 Fârtățești, 244, 245, 247, 249, 283 Feleac/Fleck/Erdőfelek, 84, 85 Filea de Jos, 77 Filea de Sus, 77 Flocii, Flocioae (family), 129, 134 G Gárda de Sus, 273 Germans, 16,17, 39, 49, 52, 66, 67,71,75,77, 79-81,84, 89-91,96,132,133,156, 161,307 Gherghina, 130 Gherla/Neuschloss/ Szamosújvár, 70,
82 Ghețui, Simina, 54, 88 Ghica, Grigore I (Voivode), 101 Goleștii Badii, 280 Gorj County, 123, 126,127,180, 186, 221, 222, 239, 241, 243, 259, 281,289-291,297
324 INDEX OF PERSONS AND PLACES Greceanu, Radu (chronicler), 119 Gregory of Wallachia (Metropolitan), 43 Grigore II (Metropolitan), 121,123 Groși/Tőkés bánya, 88, 89 Gruin, 90 Gura Văii, 249 J Jebel/Schebell, 90 John III the Terrible (Voivode), 134 Joseph II (Emperor), 157,158 Jupânești, 243, 249 К H Hadâmbu, 289 Hagio, Andreas, 75 Hălmagiu, 235 Herendești, 90 Honterus, Johannes, 52 Horezu Monastery, 129, 136, 229 Horezu-Olari, 244, 282 Horsa, Mrs., 88, 93 Humor Monastery, 186 Hunedoara County, 80,199, 202-204, 221, 236, 296 Hungarians, 2, 3, 6,15-18,49-52, 66-68, 73-82, 84, 85n4, 93, 95, 96,100,102,113,129,132, 133,136,154, 256, 263, 271, 307 Hungary, 5, 50-53, 66, 68, 70, 76, 80, 87, 89 I Iași, 13, 29, 35, 37, 41,177, 221 leud Deal, 186,191, 284 Ileana/Oláh Bába Ilona, 80, 93 įlies, Neaga, 55, 88 Institoris, 31 Ioana, 76, 84,130, 131 Iosif (Bishop), 125 Ișalnița, 126 Istanbul (Constantinople, Tsarigrad), 4-7,100,101,111,115,116, 118,120 Károlyi, Zsuzsanna, 80 Kollonitsch, Leopold, 51 Kusagneja, 82 L Lancre, Pierre de, 31, 50, 250, 251 Lăpuș, 201, 220, 222, 270, 275, 280, 281 Lăpușneanu, Alexandru (Voivode), 98,101 Lăpușnic, 80 Larga, 270, 294 Leuștean, Constantin, 107,109 Libotin, 270 Livada/Șchiopi, 77 Lugoj/Lugosch/Lugos, 89 Lupancza, Nedea, 54, 88 Lupșa, 77 Lupu, Vasile (Voivode), 29, 35, 37,46, 79 Luther, Martin, 31, 52 Μ Măciuca, 130 Maer, Darie (painter), 271 Maguly Simonná, 87 Maior, Petru, 167 Man, Narui, 77, 201 Măndiță, Nicodim, 182-184, 187, 253
INDEX OF PERSONS AND PLACES Maramureș County, 4, 88, 104,133, 186,190,191,197, 201, 220-222, 233, 235, 258, 262, 263, 267, 269, 270, 275, 284, 287, 294, 296 Maria-Theresa (Empress), 94,132, 157,158 Mavrocordat, Nicolae, 120 Mehedinți County, 75,104,129, 221, 289,297 Meletievici, Nicanor of Krušedol, 54 Michael the Brave (Voivode), 113,135 Mihalache, 125 Mihalcea (priest), 126-129, 255 Mihnea the Turkified (Voivode), 111, 122 Mohács, 3, 67 Moldavia, 3-8,13, 28, 29, 35, 39, 46, 48,49, 53,58,65-67, 71,80, 82, 92, 96-111,113,129, 132-136,157,167,175,177, 184-186,193,195, 200-202, 220, 223, 229, 234, 245, 246, 252, 254, 265,283, 291, 308,311 Moldova (Republic or), 2, 3,120, 219-221, 245, 289, 293 Moldovița Monastery, 186 Molnar, Măriuța, 93 Moruzi, Alexandru Constantin (Prince), 123,125,135 Movilă, Petru, 97 Movilele, 130 Moxa, Mihail, 33 Muereasca de Sus, 238, 287 Микасеѵо/Мукачево/Munkács, 82 Munteanu, Radu (painter), 201, 220, 235, 269, 281, 285, 295 Muntenia, 220, 229, 234, 238, 239, 243, 244, 246, 249,311 Musat (Dynasty), 3,100 325 N Năsturel, Udriște, 33 Naum, Costea, 129 Nazstasi, Elisabeta, 92 Neacșa, Lady, 111, 112 Nectarie (Bishop), 125 Northern Macedonia (Republic) 217,189 Noyes, James Oscar, 156 О Obârșia Ciosani, 104 Obârșia de Câmp, 90 Obradović, Dositej, 158,161,167 Obradovici, Grigorie, 77, 166-167 Ocna Sibiului, 71 Oláh, 3, 74, 76-79, 87 Olšavsky, Mihail Manuel, 82 Olt County, 223, 243, 289-290 Oltenia, 11, 39, 75,104, 126, 129, 131,176,180, 185, 187,195, 220, 221, 223, 229, 234, 238, 239, 241, 243-245, 291, 295, 297,311 One Tree Monastery, 115,116, 118,128
Oprea, 114 Orțița, 267 Ostrov Hermitage, 125 Ottoman Empire, 5, 7, 8,101 P Paleu/Hegyközpályi, 76 Păltineanu, Teodor (painter), 289 Pap, Szemedra, 87 Partium, 67, 94 Păuna, 115-119,124,125 Păușești-Măglași/Coasta, 241, 242, ’244, 282, 283 Persa, 92
32Ó INDEX OF PERSONS AND PLACES Peștera lalomiței, 289 Petrehiza, Anuța, 87 Petrovay, Helena, 82 Pietroșița, 243 Poiana Bonzii, 287 Pojogeni, 290, 291 Poland, 3, 4, 67, 96, 97,108,110, 136, 273 Pop, Ioan (painter), 194 Pop, Ioan (priest), 3, 82 Popa, Nicoreasa/Popa, Nykorásza, 77, 88, 89, 158 Popescu, Radu (chronicler), 115-118 Prejmer/Torteln/Prázsmár, 83 Pro bota Monastery, 99,186 R Răcășdia/Rakasdia, 90 Rada, 126-129,131, 132, 295 Rădășeni, 186, 281 Rareș, Ilias (Voivode), 97-99, 111 Rares, Petru (Voivode), 100,187 Rășinari, 176,178, 229, 230 Raț (Ioan), 113 Rila Monastery, 188 Roma (People), 2, 9, 16,49, 80, 83, 88, 96, 276, 291, 292 Rotărești, 271 Runcan, Cătălina 218, 85, 93 Russians, 6 S Sălaj County, 87,186,191, 263, 264, 267, 291, 292 Săliștea de Sus, 235, 258 Samson, 92 Șanovița, 90 Sărac, Maria, 77 Scheii Brașovului, 56, 229, 272, 275 Schiffbaumer, Katherina, 84 Școala Ardeleană, 153,158 Scornicești, 243 Scorțeni-Merișor, 248, 272 Sebeș/Miihlbach/Szăszsebes, 73, 84 Serbians, 2,136 Sighetu Marmației/Marmaroschsiget/ Máramarossziget, 88 Sighisoara/Schäßburg/Segesvar, 70, 75,83, 95,132 Șincai, Gheorghe, 161-166,168 Siret, 96,135 Slanic, 243 Slatina, 90,123,124,130 Someșu Rece, 263, 269, 275 Sopot, 90 Șotânga, 289 Soviet Union, 8 Span, Ioana, 77 Spanzotti, Gian Martino, 250 Sprenger, 31 Stamora, 90 Stan, Ioana, 93,127 Stephen the Great (Voivode), 4, 28, 29, 97 Stopoje, Eudocia, 82 Streza-Cârțișoara, 237, 238 Strungari Monastery, 291 Suceava County, 280, 281, 283 Surduc/Szurdok, 77 Surman, Johannes, 95 Șușani, 129, 130 Switzerland, 49 Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg, 76
Szamosközy, István, 113 Szeged, 100 Székely, Erzsók, 93 Szolnok County, 81, 85 T Tallar, Georg, 90 Tălmăcel, 230, 284, 295
INDEX OF PERSONS AND PLACES Târgoviște, 35, 39,114,115 Târgu-Jiu, 243, 259 Târgu Mureş/Neumarkt/ Marosvásárhely, 78, 92 Tárnava/Kokelburg/KüküUő County, 86,133 Teiuş (School of painters), 220, 239, 240, 244, 245, 282, 283, 295 Teleorman County, 130 Tetoiu, 243 Teutsch, Andreas, 95 Țichindeal, Dimitrie, 158-161 Ticvaniu Міс/Klein Dikvan, 90 Țigănești-Ciolpani Monastery, 299 Tileagd/Telegd, 75 Timiș County, 160,171, 263,275, 277, 291 Timişoara/Temeschburg/ Temesvár, 89 Toma, Maria, 87 Topiet, 90 Transylvania, 3-6, 8,13,16,17, 33, 49-53, 58, 65-96,103,104, 107,110, 113,115,132,134, 136,154,157,158,161,175, 176,178,185,193-195, 220, 221,223, 229, 234, 235, 262, 273,275, 307, 308,311 Truța, Floarea/Trucza, Flora, 55, 94 Turda County, 77, 86 Turks, 2-5, 7, 98,100,101,105, 110, 111,115 U Ujfalvi, Usztina, 86, 93 Ukrainians, 2,136 Ulciug, 234, 267 Ureche, Grigore (chronicler), 30, 97,134 Urs from Cotiglet, 179,198, 202, 207 327 V Vâlcea County, 129,130, 220, 238, 239, 242-245, 247, 249, 256, 258-259, 280-283, 287, 288, 296-298 Valea Mănăstirii Monastery, 231, 232 Valea Sării, 248, 249, 265, 283, 295 Vancea, Ioana, 85, 94 Vancea, Maria, 94 Văratec Monastery, 193 Varga, Petru, 84 Vașcu, Ion, 121 Vașcu, Stoica, 121-123 Veliko Trnovo, 277 Vermeș/Wermesch/Krassovermes, 90 Viforâta Monastery, 285, 286 Virgin Mary, 197,198, 202, 211,235 Vishanov, Toma, 188 Vlachs, 3, 310 Voica, 82, 92,129,132 Voroneț Monastery, 186, 223, 280 Vrancea County, 248,265, 283, 295 W Wallachia, 3-8, 28, 33,43,44, 46,49, 53, 58, 65-67, 71, 82, 90-92, 101,110-132,134-136,184, 220, 221, 229, 267, 306, 308,311
Wilkinson, William, 154 Y Ypsilantis, Alexander, 44, 45, 121, 123,135 Z Zalnoc, 186,191,192, 234, 263
Subject Index a Apocalypse ofPaul, 197, 204-206, 212,266, 280 Apocalypse of the Virgin, 197-199, 201-206, 212, 233, 266, 273, 280, 291,296,306 Aryans, 58 Catholic, Catholicism, 6, 31, 57, 58, 67, 96,97,102,173,261 Celestial tollbooths, 173-196, 295 Community networks, 109 Copulation with the devil, 251, 255 Coresi Code, 32, 33, 53, 55 Cunning folk (woman/man), 34 В Baba, 80 Beating, 28, 31, 45,125, 127,133, 134, 294, 295, 306 Beheading, 89 Bewitchment, 100,113 Burning, 42, 95,103,134,165,199, 204, 229, 233, 271, 273, 291, 296, 297 D Descripția Moldáviáé, 105,132,157 Devil, 36, 38, 39, 43, 46, 52, 55-57, 69, 71,72, 76, 78, 84, 86, 89, 95, 98-100,105, 107,109,122,134-136, 142,154,155,157, 162, 163,165-167, 173, 176, 188-191,194,198, 201, 204,208,209,211,230, 231, 234-271, 274-276, 279, 281-286, 288, 294-296, 298, 299, 306-308, 310 Devil’s tail, 241, 242 C Calvinists, 67 Carpathians, 65, 67,110,132,192, 235,275,288 © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023 I. Pop-Curșeu, Ș. Pop-Curșeu, Witchcraft in Romania, Palgrave Historical Studies in Witchcraft and Magic, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15222-l 329
330 SUBJECT INDEX Disease, 12,43, 58, 83, 90,95,103, 117,124,126,131,162,167 Dominant classes/dominated classes, 70 Dominated ethnicities, 70 Heresy, 31, 35, 38, 67, 98, 142, 189, 251 Homosexuality, 134 I E Infanticide, 125,199, 266, 267 Inheritance, 45,109,112,121,122, 131,134 Islam, 97, 98,100,101,110, 111,118 Ecclesiastical courts, 29, 31, 82,135 Enlightenment, 46, 50, 90,121,153, 158,159,167, 224, 305 Ethnic identification, 76, 80, 81 Ethnicity, 1,2, 67, 70, 73, 77-79, 81,84, 93 L F Fairy, 105 Family relationships, 125 Feast of St. George, 75, 259 Femininity, 266 First Apocryphal Apocalypse of John, 208 Folk Beliefs, 54, 68, 69, 95, 97,178, 179,195, 235, 237, 257, 263, 291, 307 Formicarius, 97, 251 Language, linguistic aspects, 1-8, 13,14,17-19, 32, 48, 54, 75-77,108,117,155,179, 193,199, 210, 225, 235, 256, 296 Latin culture, 106 Legal elites, 139 Life of St. Basil the Xounger, 174-177, 181,183,186,188,189,192, 212, 252,253 Lost cattle, 131 Love magic, 76, 80, 88,131 Lycanthropy, 162,163 G Gender issues, 28, 225 Govora Code, 32-34, 39, 53, 55,58, 103 Guilt, 32,41, 57, 69, 72,107,109, 116,165, 261 H Healers, 18, 32, 33, 38, 80, 81, 83, 87, 88, 93, 95,126, 129-131, 308 Μ Malleus Maleficarum, 35, 55, 97, 251, 306 Manna, 18, 32, 33, 84,184,199, 200, 202, 208, 226, 229, 230, 233, 262-279, 283-285, 287, 288, 294, 296 Medical elites, 139 Milk magic, 265 Misogyny, 56, 57, 70,109, 259 Modernity, 6, 44,47, 96,137, 262
SUBJECT INDEX О Organic Regulations, 46, 126 331 R Risk, 11,12, 17, 25, 27, 47, 68, 79, 136-141,171 Ritual nudity, 50,103,104, 259 Rural communities, 159, 160 Pactwith the devil, 55, 69, 136,142, 254, 307 Poison, 38, 112,129,158, 201 Politics, 57, 70, 79 Powers (attributed to sorcerers and witches), 50, 58, 108, 124,127,129, 130, 208, 210, 226, 237, 258, 289, 306 Practical magic, 105 Priests, 6, 32-35, 37,40,43-15, 47, 53-55, 57, 74, 81,82, 88, 92, 100,104,112,119,120, 126-128,130, 154,155,157, 158,165, 171,172, 176, 179, 184,185,196,198, 200-202, 206, 212, 229, 230, 243, 255, 257,259, 261,262,281, 290, 308 Protestantism, 6, 67 Punishments, 25, 31-34, 36, 39, 42,45,48, 50, 54, 55, 58, 72, 82, 87, 93,108-110,114, 116, 117,125,126,128,129, 132, 134, 160,172,175,176, 196, 198-202, 206, 208-211, 219, 231, 232, 249, 255, 266, 267,275,291,293-299, 306, 307 S Sabbat, 136 Saxon seats, 66, 68, 82, 95 Sermon, 42,47, 56, 67,167, 179-181, 201, 206, 209, 210, 260, 284, 295 Seven Sacraments of the Church, 35-37, 40, 58 Sexuality, 57, 255, 259-261, 308 Shamanism, 102 Shepherd/shepherdess, 4, 56, 65, 70, 75, 78, 93,107-109,121, 275, 308 Social status, 106,119 Sodomy, 29,134,194, 252, 253, 269 Striga, 14, 33,106, 107 Strigoi, 14,15, 39, 89, 90,133,135, 136,154,158,161, 165, 166, 183, 200 Superstition, 11, 47, 86, 94, 95,103, 137,142,153-168,183, 184, 261, 305 T Torture, 72, 87,134,194,199,201, 203, 212,233,261,267,294-299 Bayerische i Staatsbibliothek / München |
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Contents 1 Introduction: Who Are the Romanians and How to Study Witchcraft in Romania? Part I 25 Trials in Earthly Life 2 Witchcraft Acts: Condemnation of Sorcery in the Codes of Law 3 1 27 Trials, Persecutions, Executions (the Sixteenth-Nineteenth Centuries) 65 4 New Elites, New Paradigms of Rationality (EighteenthNineteenth Centuries): Against the Superstitions of the Romanians 153 Part II Trials in the Afterlife 5 171 Canonical Versus Apocryphal: Religious Texts Condemning Witchcraft 173 ix
X CONTENTS 6 Doomsday and Hellfire: Iconographie Representations of Witchcraft in Last Judgment Compositions 219 7 Conclusions 305 General Bibliography 313 Index of Persons and Places 321 Subject Index 329
General Bibliography Achim, Viorel. The Roma in Romanian History. Budapest: Central European University Press, 2004. Artimon, Teodora. The Proto-Myth of Stephen the Great ofMoldavia. PhD disserta tion under the supervision of Gerhard Jaritz, Budapest: Central European University, 2015, https://www. ceu. edu/sites/default/files/attachment/ event/12612/artimonteodora.pdf (accessed November 2021). Benga, Ileana. “Pm Stabbing Той, I’m Stabbing Той Not. Tales of Witches, Their Gatherings, Magic Thefts and Wrestles, around Roșia Montana, Romania. Towards a Modal Biography of the Local Witch Type.” In Franco Castelli, Sonia Maura Barillari, Andrea Scibilia, Il Canto di Orfeo. Poesia - rito - magia, Atti del XVII convegno internazionale (Rocca Grimalda, 22-23 settembre 2012), 99-129. Ariccia: Aracne Editrice, 2015. Betea, Raluca. “The Trial of the Soul. Post-Byzantine Visual Representations of the Tollbooths in the Romanian Churches of Maramureș.” kunsttexte.de/ostblick, No. 4 (2011 ): 15 pages, http://www.kunsttexte.de/index.phptid=68cL= 0 tx_zjdspaceviewer_viewer%5Buuid%5D=501216c8-37ed-4750-99718575 If8bce25 tx_zjdspaceviewer_viewer%5Baction%5D = show Item tx_zjdspaceviewer_viewer%5Bcontroller%5D=Viewer cHash=4eb31 2c3301b511a522bl7f9aal86ec2 (accessed August 2021). Bogdan, Cristina. “A Last Judgment that Lacks Heaven.” Plural. Culture Civilization, 24, nr. 4 (2004): 193-199. Boia, Lucian. History and Myth in Romanian Consciousness. Translated by James Christian Brown. Budapest: Central European University Press, 2001. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature
Switzerland AG 2023 I. Pop-Curșeu, Ș. Pop-Curşeu, Witchcraft in Romania, Palgrave Historical Studies in Witchcraft and Magic, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15222-l 313
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Index of Persons and Places1 a В Agârbiciu, 276, 278 Alba County, 185, 273, 291 Alba lulia/Weißenburg/ Gyulafehérvár, 53,113 Alexander the Good (Voivode), 28 Alunu, 127,128,132, 295 Anica, 129,130 Anișca of Plăiești, 50-52 Anthimos of Iberia (Metropolitan), 41,42,47,101,285 Añusca, 82, 92 Apuseni Mountains (Western Carpathians), 4, 221, 222, 263, 271 Argeș County, 231, 232, 243, 249, 280 Aron, Petru Pavel (Bishop), 54 Athos, 190, 227 Babșa, 90 Bacău, 96, 221, 222 Badea (priest), 112,122 Baia, 96 Baia Mare/Frauenbach/Nagybánya, 79, 88,132 Baioc, 100 Băișoara, 77, 93 Balamuci-Sitaru, 243 Balkans, 4 Banjani, 189 Bărbătești, 287, 288 Barcsai, Acațiu/Barcsay, Ákos (Prince), 96 Bârdea, Salomia, 77 Bárle, Bârlea, Bârla, 75, 77 Bârna, 90 Bartolo, Taddeo di, 249 1 Note: Page numbers followed by ‘n’ refer to notes. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023 I. Pop-Curșeu, Ș. Pop-Curșeu, Witchcraft in Romania, Palgrave Historical Studies in Witchcraft and Magic, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15222-l 321
322 INDEX OF PERSONS AND PLACES Basarab (dynasty), 3, 7 Basarab, Matei, 33, 35, 39, 46,114 Bâscenii de Jos, 231, 244 Basil the Great, 36, 39, 43, 58 Bătăiosu, Paul (painter), 291-293 Bâțcov monastery, 116, 117 Báthory, Andrei, 113 Bean, Die, 95, 96 Bedeleu/Izvoarele, 77 Belinț/Belintz/Belence, 160 Benedek, Bálint, 76 Benkö, Ana, 76 Benkő, Krisztina, 80 Berbești, 104 Bessarabia, 8 Bezedt/Besotten, 83 Bicălat/Făgetu Ierii, 77 Bicaz, 234, 267, 268, 270 Bistrița, 95, 96, 297 Bistrița/Bistritz/Beszterce, 95 Boar, Paraschiva, 93 Bodin, Jean, 31, 36 Bogata, 74 Bojincă, Damaschin, 167,168 Bolintineanu, Dimitrie, 120 Boroești, 289 Brâncoveanu, Constantin, 7, 49,114-120 Brașov/Kronstadt/Brasso, 32, 52, 54, 68, 70, 72, 82, 83, 95, 132, 221, 223, 229, 275 Breșa, Simina, 87 Bucharest, 8,13,17, 35, 41, 101, 111, 115,120,121, 123,124,129,134, 221, 270, 289 Budești-Josani, 186, 190, 296 Bukovina, 8, ПО, 133 Bulgaria, 2, 5,188, 277, 279, 307, 308 Bulgarians, 2, 6,188,188ո2,195, 276, 277, 279, 308, 310 Bumbe, Pascu, 87 Butică, Ana, 85 Buzău County, 230-232, 244-246, 285 C Călinești, 190,191, 239, 258, 295 Călinești-Căieni, 186, 190,191 Călinoiu, Marghioala, 129 Calvin, Jean, 31 Campan, Dobra, 83 Câmpia Turzii/Jerischmarkt/ Aranyosgyéres, 95 Campiña, 125,134 Câmpulung Moldovenesc, 107-110, 121, 134 Cantacuzino, Constantin, 101,115, 116,120 Cantacuzino, Păuna, 115-120,124, 125,129 Cantacuzino, Ștefan, 114—116, 120, 135՛ Cantemir, Dimitrie (Voivode), 6, 7, 28, 57,105-107,132,157 Caracas, Constantin, 46 Caransebeș/Karansebesch/ Karánsebes, 90 Carpzov, Benedikt, 51 Cașolț/Kastenholz/Hermâny, 82
Cehei’ 186,191, 192, 234, 263, 264 Cerătu de Copăcioasa, 290 Charles VI, Habsburg Emperor, 157 Cheia-Moeciu, 230 Chishull, Edmund, 49, 68 Chișinău, 289, 293, 294 Chrysostom, John, 41,182 Ciuta-Măgura, 245, 246 Cleșneșd, 239, 241, 281, 297 Cluj County, 256, 267, 269, 271, 272, 276, 278,291,292 Cluj-Napoca/Klausenburg/Kolozsvár, 13, 17, 69, 73, 75, 80, 84, 85, 93, 113,174, 221, 291-293, 296
INDEX OF PERSONS AND PLACES Cobia Monastery, 223 Codru, 220, 222, 275 Cogălniceanu, Neculai, 107,110 Colțești, 128 Corund, 234, 267, 268 Costin, Miron, 97 Cotoară, Ana, 83 Cozia monastery, 114 Craciunel/Homoródkarácsonfalva, 76 Craiova, 123,126,128,129, 289 Crasna/Kraszna County, 54, 78, 87, 92,132 Crete, 230 Crișan, Ioana, 77 Crișana, 220, 221, 235 Cristescu, Toma (painter), 287, 288 Császló, 76 Cuhea (Bogdan-Vodă), 233 Cuștelnic, 273 Cuza, Alexandru Ioan (Prince), 8, 46,47,167 D Dacia (Roman Province), 2, 3,14,155 Dâmbovița County, 44, 221, 224, 234,243, 259, 285, 286, 289 Dan, Ioana, 84, 93 Dănciu, 129, 132 Danube, 2, 4, 9, 104, 110 Dej/Desch/Dés, 70, 85, 94,110 Dengelegi (Török) Katalin, 79, 80 Derşida, 263 Dimitriovici, Vasile (painter), 232, 285, 295 Dionysius of Fourna, 227-229 Dobriču Lăpușului, 269, 270, 285, 294,295 ’ Dobruja, 184, 220 Dolj County, 11,103, 126,171, 221, 289 Dosoftei, Metropolitan, 41, 97 Drăgan, Floarea, 85 323 Dragomirești, 270 Drauss, Margaretha, 84 Dubești, 275-277, 291 Duca, Ruxandra, 88, 94 Dudunu, Càrsica, 129 Dudunu, Voi ca, 129 Dumbrăvița/Dobravica, 92 Dumitrache, 125 E Eftimie, Hegumen of Căpriana Monastery, 98-101, 136 Ephrem the Syrian, 182, 211 Ezeriş, 91, 166 F Fãget/Fatschet/Facsád, 89 Falero, Luis Ricardo, 294 Falukevici, Vasile (painter), 270 Fârtățești, 244, 245, 247, 249, 283 Feleac/Fleck/Erdőfelek, 84, 85 Filea de Jos, 77 Filea de Sus, 77 Flocii, Flocioae (family), 129, 134 G Gárda de Sus, 273 Germans, 16,17, 39, 49, 52, 66, 67,71,75,77, 79-81,84, 89-91,96,132,133,156, 161,307 Gherghina, 130 Gherla/Neuschloss/ Szamosújvár, 70,
82 Ghețui, Simina, 54, 88 Ghica, Grigore I (Voivode), 101 Goleștii Badii, 280 Gorj County, 123, 126,127,180, 186, 221, 222, 239, 241, 243, 259, 281,289-291,297
324 INDEX OF PERSONS AND PLACES Greceanu, Radu (chronicler), 119 Gregory of Wallachia (Metropolitan), 43 Grigore II (Metropolitan), 121,123 Groși/Tőkés bánya, 88, 89 Gruin, 90 Gura Văii, 249 J Jebel/Schebell, 90 John III the Terrible (Voivode), 134 Joseph II (Emperor), 157,158 Jupânești, 243, 249 К H Hadâmbu, 289 Hagio, Andreas, 75 Hălmagiu, 235 Herendești, 90 Honterus, Johannes, 52 Horezu Monastery, 129, 136, 229 Horezu-Olari, 244, 282 Horsa, Mrs., 88, 93 Humor Monastery, 186 Hunedoara County, 80,199, 202-204, 221, 236, 296 Hungarians, 2, 3, 6,15-18,49-52, 66-68, 73-82, 84, 85n4, 93, 95, 96,100,102,113,129,132, 133,136,154, 256, 263, 271, 307 Hungary, 5, 50-53, 66, 68, 70, 76, 80, 87, 89 I Iași, 13, 29, 35, 37, 41,177, 221 leud Deal, 186,191, 284 Ileana/Oláh Bába Ilona, 80, 93 įlies, Neaga, 55, 88 Institoris, 31 Ioana, 76, 84,130, 131 Iosif (Bishop), 125 Ișalnița, 126 Istanbul (Constantinople, Tsarigrad), 4-7,100,101,111,115,116, 118,120 Károlyi, Zsuzsanna, 80 Kollonitsch, Leopold, 51 Kusagneja, 82 L Lancre, Pierre de, 31, 50, 250, 251 Lăpuș, 201, 220, 222, 270, 275, 280, 281 Lăpușneanu, Alexandru (Voivode), 98,101 Lăpușnic, 80 Larga, 270, 294 Leuștean, Constantin, 107,109 Libotin, 270 Livada/Șchiopi, 77 Lugoj/Lugosch/Lugos, 89 Lupancza, Nedea, 54, 88 Lupșa, 77 Lupu, Vasile (Voivode), 29, 35, 37,46, 79 Luther, Martin, 31, 52 Μ Măciuca, 130 Maer, Darie (painter), 271 Maguly Simonná, 87 Maior, Petru, 167 Man, Narui, 77, 201 Măndiță, Nicodim, 182-184, 187, 253
INDEX OF PERSONS AND PLACES Maramureș County, 4, 88, 104,133, 186,190,191,197, 201, 220-222, 233, 235, 258, 262, 263, 267, 269, 270, 275, 284, 287, 294, 296 Maria-Theresa (Empress), 94,132, 157,158 Mavrocordat, Nicolae, 120 Mehedinți County, 75,104,129, 221, 289,297 Meletievici, Nicanor of Krušedol, 54 Michael the Brave (Voivode), 113,135 Mihalache, 125 Mihalcea (priest), 126-129, 255 Mihnea the Turkified (Voivode), 111, 122 Mohács, 3, 67 Moldavia, 3-8,13, 28, 29, 35, 39, 46, 48,49, 53,58,65-67, 71,80, 82, 92, 96-111,113,129, 132-136,157,167,175,177, 184-186,193,195, 200-202, 220, 223, 229, 234, 245, 246, 252, 254, 265,283, 291, 308,311 Moldova (Republic or), 2, 3,120, 219-221, 245, 289, 293 Moldovița Monastery, 186 Molnar, Măriuța, 93 Moruzi, Alexandru Constantin (Prince), 123,125,135 Movilă, Petru, 97 Movilele, 130 Moxa, Mihail, 33 Muereasca de Sus, 238, 287 Микасеѵо/Мукачево/Munkács, 82 Munteanu, Radu (painter), 201, 220, 235, 269, 281, 285, 295 Muntenia, 220, 229, 234, 238, 239, 243, 244, 246, 249,311 Musat (Dynasty), 3,100 325 N Năsturel, Udriște, 33 Naum, Costea, 129 Nazstasi, Elisabeta, 92 Neacșa, Lady, 111, 112 Nectarie (Bishop), 125 Northern Macedonia (Republic) 217,189 Noyes, James Oscar, 156 О Obârșia Ciosani, 104 Obârșia de Câmp, 90 Obradović, Dositej, 158,161,167 Obradovici, Grigorie, 77, 166-167 Ocna Sibiului, 71 Oláh, 3, 74, 76-79, 87 Olšavsky, Mihail Manuel, 82 Olt County, 223, 243, 289-290 Oltenia, 11, 39, 75,104, 126, 129, 131,176,180, 185, 187,195, 220, 221, 223, 229, 234, 238, 239, 241, 243-245, 291, 295, 297,311 One Tree Monastery, 115,116, 118,128
Oprea, 114 Orțița, 267 Ostrov Hermitage, 125 Ottoman Empire, 5, 7, 8,101 P Paleu/Hegyközpályi, 76 Păltineanu, Teodor (painter), 289 Pap, Szemedra, 87 Partium, 67, 94 Păuna, 115-119,124,125 Păușești-Măglași/Coasta, 241, 242, ’244, 282, 283 Persa, 92
32Ó INDEX OF PERSONS AND PLACES Peștera lalomiței, 289 Petrehiza, Anuța, 87 Petrovay, Helena, 82 Pietroșița, 243 Poiana Bonzii, 287 Pojogeni, 290, 291 Poland, 3, 4, 67, 96, 97,108,110, 136, 273 Pop, Ioan (painter), 194 Pop, Ioan (priest), 3, 82 Popa, Nicoreasa/Popa, Nykorásza, 77, 88, 89, 158 Popescu, Radu (chronicler), 115-118 Prejmer/Torteln/Prázsmár, 83 Pro bota Monastery, 99,186 R Răcășdia/Rakasdia, 90 Rada, 126-129,131, 132, 295 Rădășeni, 186, 281 Rareș, Ilias (Voivode), 97-99, 111 Rares, Petru (Voivode), 100,187 Rășinari, 176,178, 229, 230 Raț (Ioan), 113 Rila Monastery, 188 Roma (People), 2, 9, 16,49, 80, 83, 88, 96, 276, 291, 292 Rotărești, 271 Runcan, Cătălina 218, 85, 93 Russians, 6 S Sălaj County, 87,186,191, 263, 264, 267, 291, 292 Săliștea de Sus, 235, 258 Samson, 92 Șanovița, 90 Sărac, Maria, 77 Scheii Brașovului, 56, 229, 272, 275 Schiffbaumer, Katherina, 84 Școala Ardeleană, 153,158 Scornicești, 243 Scorțeni-Merișor, 248, 272 Sebeș/Miihlbach/Szăszsebes, 73, 84 Serbians, 2,136 Sighetu Marmației/Marmaroschsiget/ Máramarossziget, 88 Sighisoara/Schäßburg/Segesvar, 70, 75,83, 95,132 Șincai, Gheorghe, 161-166,168 Siret, 96,135 Slanic, 243 Slatina, 90,123,124,130 Someșu Rece, 263, 269, 275 Sopot, 90 Șotânga, 289 Soviet Union, 8 Span, Ioana, 77 Spanzotti, Gian Martino, 250 Sprenger, 31 Stamora, 90 Stan, Ioana, 93,127 Stephen the Great (Voivode), 4, 28, 29, 97 Stopoje, Eudocia, 82 Streza-Cârțișoara, 237, 238 Strungari Monastery, 291 Suceava County, 280, 281, 283 Surduc/Szurdok, 77 Surman, Johannes, 95 Șușani, 129, 130 Switzerland, 49 Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg, 76
Szamosközy, István, 113 Szeged, 100 Székely, Erzsók, 93 Szolnok County, 81, 85 T Tallar, Georg, 90 Tălmăcel, 230, 284, 295
INDEX OF PERSONS AND PLACES Târgoviște, 35, 39,114,115 Târgu-Jiu, 243, 259 Târgu Mureş/Neumarkt/ Marosvásárhely, 78, 92 Tárnava/Kokelburg/KüküUő County, 86,133 Teiuş (School of painters), 220, 239, 240, 244, 245, 282, 283, 295 Teleorman County, 130 Tetoiu, 243 Teutsch, Andreas, 95 Țichindeal, Dimitrie, 158-161 Ticvaniu Міс/Klein Dikvan, 90 Țigănești-Ciolpani Monastery, 299 Tileagd/Telegd, 75 Timiș County, 160,171, 263,275, 277, 291 Timişoara/Temeschburg/ Temesvár, 89 Toma, Maria, 87 Topiet, 90 Transylvania, 3-6, 8,13,16,17, 33, 49-53, 58, 65-96,103,104, 107,110, 113,115,132,134, 136,154,157,158,161,175, 176,178,185,193-195, 220, 221,223, 229, 234, 235, 262, 273,275, 307, 308,311 Truța, Floarea/Trucza, Flora, 55, 94 Turda County, 77, 86 Turks, 2-5, 7, 98,100,101,105, 110, 111,115 U Ujfalvi, Usztina, 86, 93 Ukrainians, 2,136 Ulciug, 234, 267 Ureche, Grigore (chronicler), 30, 97,134 Urs from Cotiglet, 179,198, 202, 207 327 V Vâlcea County, 129,130, 220, 238, 239, 242-245, 247, 249, 256, 258-259, 280-283, 287, 288, 296-298 Valea Mănăstirii Monastery, 231, 232 Valea Sării, 248, 249, 265, 283, 295 Vancea, Ioana, 85, 94 Vancea, Maria, 94 Văratec Monastery, 193 Varga, Petru, 84 Vașcu, Ion, 121 Vașcu, Stoica, 121-123 Veliko Trnovo, 277 Vermeș/Wermesch/Krassovermes, 90 Viforâta Monastery, 285, 286 Virgin Mary, 197,198, 202, 211,235 Vishanov, Toma, 188 Vlachs, 3, 310 Voica, 82, 92,129,132 Voroneț Monastery, 186, 223, 280 Vrancea County, 248,265, 283, 295 W Wallachia, 3-8, 28, 33,43,44, 46,49, 53, 58, 65-67, 71, 82, 90-92, 101,110-132,134-136,184, 220, 221, 229, 267, 306, 308,311
Wilkinson, William, 154 Y Ypsilantis, Alexander, 44, 45, 121, 123,135 Z Zalnoc, 186,191,192, 234, 263
Subject Index a Apocalypse ofPaul, 197, 204-206, 212,266, 280 Apocalypse of the Virgin, 197-199, 201-206, 212, 233, 266, 273, 280, 291,296,306 Aryans, 58 Catholic, Catholicism, 6, 31, 57, 58, 67, 96,97,102,173,261 Celestial tollbooths, 173-196, 295 Community networks, 109 Copulation with the devil, 251, 255 Coresi Code, 32, 33, 53, 55 Cunning folk (woman/man), 34 В Baba, 80 Beating, 28, 31, 45,125, 127,133, 134, 294, 295, 306 Beheading, 89 Bewitchment, 100,113 Burning, 42, 95,103,134,165,199, 204, 229, 233, 271, 273, 291, 296, 297 D Descripția Moldáviáé, 105,132,157 Devil, 36, 38, 39, 43, 46, 52, 55-57, 69, 71,72, 76, 78, 84, 86, 89, 95, 98-100,105, 107,109,122,134-136, 142,154,155,157, 162, 163,165-167, 173, 176, 188-191,194,198, 201, 204,208,209,211,230, 231, 234-271, 274-276, 279, 281-286, 288, 294-296, 298, 299, 306-308, 310 Devil’s tail, 241, 242 C Calvinists, 67 Carpathians, 65, 67,110,132,192, 235,275,288 © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023 I. Pop-Curșeu, Ș. Pop-Curșeu, Witchcraft in Romania, Palgrave Historical Studies in Witchcraft and Magic, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15222-l 329
330 SUBJECT INDEX Disease, 12,43, 58, 83, 90,95,103, 117,124,126,131,162,167 Dominant classes/dominated classes, 70 Dominated ethnicities, 70 Heresy, 31, 35, 38, 67, 98, 142, 189, 251 Homosexuality, 134 I E Infanticide, 125,199, 266, 267 Inheritance, 45,109,112,121,122, 131,134 Islam, 97, 98,100,101,110, 111,118 Ecclesiastical courts, 29, 31, 82,135 Enlightenment, 46, 50, 90,121,153, 158,159,167, 224, 305 Ethnic identification, 76, 80, 81 Ethnicity, 1,2, 67, 70, 73, 77-79, 81,84, 93 L F Fairy, 105 Family relationships, 125 Feast of St. George, 75, 259 Femininity, 266 First Apocryphal Apocalypse of John, 208 Folk Beliefs, 54, 68, 69, 95, 97,178, 179,195, 235, 237, 257, 263, 291, 307 Formicarius, 97, 251 Language, linguistic aspects, 1-8, 13,14,17-19, 32, 48, 54, 75-77,108,117,155,179, 193,199, 210, 225, 235, 256, 296 Latin culture, 106 Legal elites, 139 Life of St. Basil the Xounger, 174-177, 181,183,186,188,189,192, 212, 252,253 Lost cattle, 131 Love magic, 76, 80, 88,131 Lycanthropy, 162,163 G Gender issues, 28, 225 Govora Code, 32-34, 39, 53, 55,58, 103 Guilt, 32,41, 57, 69, 72,107,109, 116,165, 261 H Healers, 18, 32, 33, 38, 80, 81, 83, 87, 88, 93, 95,126, 129-131, 308 Μ Malleus Maleficarum, 35, 55, 97, 251, 306 Manna, 18, 32, 33, 84,184,199, 200, 202, 208, 226, 229, 230, 233, 262-279, 283-285, 287, 288, 294, 296 Medical elites, 139 Milk magic, 265 Misogyny, 56, 57, 70,109, 259 Modernity, 6, 44,47, 96,137, 262
SUBJECT INDEX О Organic Regulations, 46, 126 331 R Risk, 11,12, 17, 25, 27, 47, 68, 79, 136-141,171 Ritual nudity, 50,103,104, 259 Rural communities, 159, 160 Pactwith the devil, 55, 69, 136,142, 254, 307 Poison, 38, 112,129,158, 201 Politics, 57, 70, 79 Powers (attributed to sorcerers and witches), 50, 58, 108, 124,127,129, 130, 208, 210, 226, 237, 258, 289, 306 Practical magic, 105 Priests, 6, 32-35, 37,40,43-15, 47, 53-55, 57, 74, 81,82, 88, 92, 100,104,112,119,120, 126-128,130, 154,155,157, 158,165, 171,172, 176, 179, 184,185,196,198, 200-202, 206, 212, 229, 230, 243, 255, 257,259, 261,262,281, 290, 308 Protestantism, 6, 67 Punishments, 25, 31-34, 36, 39, 42,45,48, 50, 54, 55, 58, 72, 82, 87, 93,108-110,114, 116, 117,125,126,128,129, 132, 134, 160,172,175,176, 196, 198-202, 206, 208-211, 219, 231, 232, 249, 255, 266, 267,275,291,293-299, 306, 307 S Sabbat, 136 Saxon seats, 66, 68, 82, 95 Sermon, 42,47, 56, 67,167, 179-181, 201, 206, 209, 210, 260, 284, 295 Seven Sacraments of the Church, 35-37, 40, 58 Sexuality, 57, 255, 259-261, 308 Shamanism, 102 Shepherd/shepherdess, 4, 56, 65, 70, 75, 78, 93,107-109,121, 275, 308 Social status, 106,119 Sodomy, 29,134,194, 252, 253, 269 Striga, 14, 33,106, 107 Strigoi, 14,15, 39, 89, 90,133,135, 136,154,158,161, 165, 166, 183, 200 Superstition, 11, 47, 86, 94, 95,103, 137,142,153-168,183, 184, 261, 305 T Torture, 72, 87,134,194,199,201, 203, 212,233,261,267,294-299 Bayerische i Staatsbibliothek / München |
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| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Pop-Curşeu, Ioan 1978- Pop-Curşeu, Ştefana 1975- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1068348194 (DE-588)1031665102 |
| author_facet | Pop-Curşeu, Ioan 1978- Pop-Curşeu, Ştefana 1975- |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Pop-Curşeu, Ioan 1978- |
| author_variant | i p c ipc ş p c şpc |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV048643111 |
| classification_tum | GES 000 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1369563173 (DE-599)BVBBV048643111 |
| dewey-full | 940 |
| dewey-hundreds | 900 - History & geography |
| dewey-ones | 940 - History of Europe |
| dewey-raw | 940 |
| dewey-search | 940 |
| dewey-sort | 3940 |
| dewey-tens | 940 - History of Europe |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| discipline_str_mv | Geschichte |
| era | Geschichte 1500-1900 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1500-1900 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Rumänien (DE-588)4050939-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Rumänien |
| id | DE-604.BV048643111 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T21:18:16Z |
| indexdate | 2024-10-11T18:03:50Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783031152214 |
| issn | 2731-5649 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034017996 |
| oclc_num | 1369563173 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | xiii, 331 Seiten Illustrationen, Karte |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20230208 |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateSearch | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | Palgrave Macmillan |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Palgrave historical studies in witchcraft and magic |
| spelling | Pop-Curşeu, Ioan 1978- Verfasser (DE-588)1068348194 aut Witchcraft in Romania Ioan Pop-Curşeu, Ștefana Pop-Curșeu Cham, Switzerland Palgrave Macmillan [2023] © 2023 xiii, 331 Seiten Illustrationen, Karte txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Palgrave historical studies in witchcraft and magic 2731-5649 Geschichte 1500-1900 gnd rswk-swf European History Cultural History Social History Europe—History Civilization—History Social history Hexerei (DE-588)4138802-1 gnd rswk-swf Justiz (DE-588)4073136-4 gnd rswk-swf Religion (DE-588)4049396-9 gnd rswk-swf Rumänien (DE-588)4050939-4 gnd rswk-swf Rumänien (DE-588)4050939-4 g Hexerei (DE-588)4138802-1 s Justiz (DE-588)4073136-4 s Religion (DE-588)4049396-9 s Geschichte 1500-1900 z DE-604 Pop-Curşeu, Ştefana 1975- Verfasser (DE-588)1031665102 aut Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-3-031-15222-1 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034017996&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034017996&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034017996&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Personen- und Ortsregister Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034017996&sequence=000007&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Sachregister |
| spellingShingle | Pop-Curşeu, Ioan 1978- Pop-Curşeu, Ştefana 1975- Witchcraft in Romania European History Cultural History Social History Europe—History Civilization—History Social history Hexerei (DE-588)4138802-1 gnd Justiz (DE-588)4073136-4 gnd Religion (DE-588)4049396-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4138802-1 (DE-588)4073136-4 (DE-588)4049396-9 (DE-588)4050939-4 |
| title | Witchcraft in Romania |
| title_auth | Witchcraft in Romania |
| title_exact_search | Witchcraft in Romania |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Witchcraft in Romania |
| title_full | Witchcraft in Romania Ioan Pop-Curşeu, Ștefana Pop-Curșeu |
| title_fullStr | Witchcraft in Romania Ioan Pop-Curşeu, Ștefana Pop-Curșeu |
| title_full_unstemmed | Witchcraft in Romania Ioan Pop-Curşeu, Ștefana Pop-Curșeu |
| title_short | Witchcraft in Romania |
| title_sort | witchcraft in romania |
| topic | European History Cultural History Social History Europe—History Civilization—History Social history Hexerei (DE-588)4138802-1 gnd Justiz (DE-588)4073136-4 gnd Religion (DE-588)4049396-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | European History Cultural History Social History Europe—History Civilization—History Social history Hexerei Justiz Religion Rumänien |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034017996&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034017996&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034017996&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034017996&sequence=000007&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT popcurseuioan witchcraftinromania AT popcurseustefana witchcraftinromania |