Fundamentals of media effects:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Long Grove, IL
Waveland Press
[2013]
|
| Ausgabe: | Second edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | xiii, 410 Seiten Illustrationen |
| ISBN: | 9781577667858 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents Preface xi SECTION ONE Overview and History 1 I Understanding Media Effects 3 Processes of Communication 4 Communication Models 6 Measuring Media Effects 13 Other Research Methodologies of Media Effects Importance of Studying Media Effects 18 Summary 19 2 17 Media Effects: Historical Overview 21 Historical Concern for Media Effects 23 Historical Evidence for Changes in Behavior and Opinion Due to Mass Media 27 Summary 33 3 History of the Scientific Study of Media Effects Nineteenth-Century Beginnings 35 The Notion of Powerful Effects 37 The Notion of Limited Media Effects 39 Effects of Varying Levels 40 Some Pioneers in Media Effects Research Future of Effects Research 49 Summary 51 v 41 34
vi Contents SECTION TWO Theory and Concepts 4 Social Cognitive Theory 55 57 Distinctly Human Traits 58 Observational Learning and Modeling 60 Effects of Modeling 62 Learning from Media Content and Modeling Social Prompting or Persuasion 70 Diffusion by Way of Symbolic Modeling 71 Recent Research 72 Summary 72 5 Priming 67 74 Activation of Priming 75 Conceptual Roots 76 Variables That Enhance Priming Effects Research Tradition 81 Recent Research 82 Summary 86 6 Agenda Setting 78 87 Conceptual Roots 89 Research Tradition 90 Recent Research 93 Summary 98 7 Framing Framing Theory 101 Effects of Framing 101 Frame Building and Frame Setting Types of Frames 104 Recent Research in Framing 105 Summaiy 107 100 102
Contents 8 Cultivation vii 108 The Cultural Indicators Project 109 Concepts and Criticisms 111 Theoretical Bases for Cultivation 113 Recent Research 116 Summary 120 9 Uses and Gratifications 122 Societal-Level Functions of the Mass Media 123 Models to Explain Uses and Effects 124 Assumptions of Uses and Gratifications 126 Uses and Gratifications Research: A Brief History 128 Criticisms of Uses and Gratifications 129 Recent Research 130 Summary 134 10 Persuasion 135 Research Tradition 136 Attitude, Emotions, Behavior, and Persuasion 137 Persuasion Models 139 Models That Link Attitudes and Actions 146 Recent Research 148 Summary 149 SECTION THREE Key Areas of Research 11 Effects of Media Violence Media Violence Research and Public Policy: History and Future 156 Media Violence Research Methods 160 Measuring Violent Content 163 The Psychological Impact of Media Violence 166 New Directions for Media Violence Researchers 174 Summary 176 153 155
viii 12 Contents Media Effects from Sexual Content 178 The Nature of Sexual Content 179 The Extent of Sexual Content in the Media 181 Effects of Exposure to Highly Explicit Sexual Content 185 Importance of the Prevailing Tone 191 Impact of Exposure to Sexually Violent Material 191 More on Behavioral Effects of Pornography: The Study of Sex Offenders 194 Summary 196 13 Reactions to Disturbing or Frightening Media Content 198 The Study of Fright 200 Explanations for the Appeal of Fright 203 Measuring Fright 205 Reasons for Fear Reactions to Media Content 206 Age and Gender Differences 209 Strategies for Coping with Fear 211 Summary 212 14 Political Communication Effects 214 Influences on Political Communication 215 Micro-Level Political Communication Effects 218 Macro-Level Political Communication Effects 224 Factors Influencing Media Effects 225 Summary 226 15 Media Effects on Health Research Findings 229 Health and the Internet 236 Health Communication Campaign Effects Summary 241 16 228 238 The Effects of Stereotyping Minority Portrayals in Entertainment: A Look Back 243 Media as Conveyors of Social Information: The Current Picture Characteristics of Audiences 253 Gender Stereotyping 257 Media Effects of Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Stereotyping 260 Summaiy 263 242 250
Contents 17 Effects of Children’s Educational Television and Infant/Toddler Edutainment Educational Television 20/ Infant and Toddler Edutainment Summary 279 18 ix 266 275 Effects of Computer and Video Games 280 i cgaiive 1 .fleets of V i։»lent Video Games 281 Video Game Addiction 287 Positive Effects of Video Games 288 Uses and Gratifications of Video Games 292 Future Research 293 Summary 293 19 Effects of the Internet 295 Evolution of the Internet and Birth of the World Wide Web What Do We Do When We Log On? 297 Effects of Internet Use 297 Summary 310 20 Effects of Mobile Communication The Birth of the “Brick” 312 Effects on Social Coordination 313 Effects on Relational Communication Effects on Youth Culture 315 Effects of Texting 317 Private Use in Public Space 317 Summary 320 References 323 Index 393 314 296 311
Mass media s potential to influence audience beliefs and behav ior is a subject that has long fascinated scholars and the general public. The ongoing interest and concern are reflected in the common tendence to blame the media for many of société s problems. I bis extensively ree ised and updated edition cuts through popular notions of presumed effects to prov ide a balanced, informed, up-to-date treatment of the media effects literature. Hie clear, compelling presentation, illuminated be dozens of new photographs, equips readers with a fundamental understanding of the histore, theoretical underpinnings, and current status of media effects research—knowledge that ee ill help them navigate in a media-saturated ene ironment. Several outstanding elements distinguish the Second Edition of FuatiiiiiicnfiiF of NìclIìh Kffcct՝. Xew chapters explore the impact of computer/e ideo games, the effects (if the Internet and social networking sites, and the wav mobile communication dee ices have transformed the wav (ve live. An extensive new chapter on children s educational (elee ision describes the considerable bode՜ of research that supports positive ettects like language development and flexible-thinking skills, hraming studies are covered in a separate chapter ve liere thee՜ are distinguished both theoretically and experimentally from agenda setting and priming, lanalle, the authors proe ide overviews of classic and current research studies in an invaluable new feature called Research Spotlight. These boxed elements appear throughout the text and enable readers to envision how
theories translate into research.
|
| adam_txt |
Contents Preface xi SECTION ONE Overview and History 1 I Understanding Media Effects 3 Processes of Communication 4 Communication Models 6 Measuring Media Effects 13 Other Research Methodologies of Media Effects Importance of Studying Media Effects 18 Summary 19 2 17 Media Effects: Historical Overview 21 Historical Concern for Media Effects 23 Historical Evidence for Changes in Behavior and Opinion Due to Mass Media 27 Summary 33 3 History of the Scientific Study of Media Effects Nineteenth-Century Beginnings 35 The Notion of Powerful Effects 37 The Notion of Limited Media Effects 39 Effects of Varying Levels 40 Some Pioneers in Media Effects Research Future of Effects Research 49 Summary 51 v 41 34
vi Contents SECTION TWO Theory and Concepts 4 Social Cognitive Theory 55 57 Distinctly Human Traits 58 Observational Learning and Modeling 60 Effects of Modeling 62 Learning from Media Content and Modeling Social Prompting or Persuasion 70 Diffusion by Way of Symbolic Modeling 71 Recent Research 72 Summary 72 5 Priming 67 74 Activation of Priming 75 Conceptual Roots 76 Variables That Enhance Priming Effects Research Tradition 81 Recent Research 82 Summary 86 6 Agenda Setting 78 87 Conceptual Roots 89 Research Tradition 90 Recent Research 93 Summary 98 7 Framing Framing Theory 101 Effects of Framing 101 Frame Building and Frame Setting Types of Frames 104 Recent Research in Framing 105 Summaiy 107 100 102
Contents 8 Cultivation vii 108 The Cultural Indicators Project 109 Concepts and Criticisms 111 Theoretical Bases for Cultivation 113 Recent Research 116 Summary 120 9 Uses and Gratifications 122 Societal-Level Functions of the Mass Media 123 Models to Explain Uses and Effects 124 Assumptions of Uses and Gratifications 126 Uses and Gratifications Research: A Brief History 128 Criticisms of Uses and Gratifications 129 Recent Research 130 Summary 134 10 Persuasion 135 Research Tradition 136 Attitude, Emotions, Behavior, and Persuasion 137 Persuasion Models 139 Models That Link Attitudes and Actions 146 Recent Research 148 Summary 149 SECTION THREE Key Areas of Research 11 Effects of Media Violence Media Violence Research and Public Policy: History and Future 156 Media Violence Research Methods 160 Measuring Violent Content 163 The Psychological Impact of Media Violence 166 New Directions for Media Violence Researchers 174 Summary 176 153 155
viii 12 Contents Media Effects from Sexual Content 178 The Nature of Sexual Content 179 The Extent of Sexual Content in the Media 181 Effects of Exposure to Highly Explicit Sexual Content 185 Importance of the Prevailing Tone 191 Impact of Exposure to Sexually Violent Material 191 More on Behavioral Effects of Pornography: The Study of Sex Offenders 194 Summary 196 13 Reactions to Disturbing or Frightening Media Content 198 The Study of Fright 200 Explanations for the Appeal of Fright 203 Measuring Fright 205 Reasons for Fear Reactions to Media Content 206 Age and Gender Differences 209 Strategies for Coping with Fear 211 Summary 212 14 Political Communication Effects 214 Influences on Political Communication 215 Micro-Level Political Communication Effects 218 Macro-Level Political Communication Effects 224 Factors Influencing Media Effects 225 Summary 226 15 Media Effects on Health Research Findings 229 Health and the Internet 236 Health Communication Campaign Effects Summary 241 16 228 238 The Effects of Stereotyping Minority Portrayals in Entertainment: A Look Back 243 Media as Conveyors of Social Information: The Current Picture Characteristics of Audiences 253 Gender Stereotyping 257 Media Effects of Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Stereotyping 260 Summaiy 263 242 250
Contents 17 Effects of Children’s Educational Television and Infant/Toddler Edutainment Educational Television 20/ Infant and Toddler Edutainment Summary 279 18 ix 266 275 Effects of Computer and Video Games 280 i\cgaiive 1 .fleets of V i։»lent Video Games 281 Video Game Addiction 287 Positive Effects of Video Games 288 Uses and Gratifications of Video Games 292 Future Research 293 Summary 293 19 Effects of the Internet 295 Evolution of the Internet and Birth of the World Wide Web What Do We Do When We Log On? 297 Effects of Internet Use 297 Summary 310 20 Effects of Mobile Communication The Birth of the “Brick” 312 Effects on Social Coordination 313 Effects on Relational Communication Effects on Youth Culture 315 Effects of Texting 317 Private Use in Public Space 317 Summary 320 References 323 Index 393 314 296 311
Mass media's potential to influence audience beliefs and behav ior is a subject that has long fascinated scholars and the general public. The ongoing interest and concern are reflected in the common tendence to blame "the media" for many of société 's problems. I bis extensively ree ised and updated edition cuts through popular notions of presumed effects to prov ide a balanced, informed, up-to-date treatment of the media effects literature. Hie clear, compelling presentation, illuminated be dozens of new photographs, equips readers with a fundamental understanding of the histore, theoretical underpinnings, and current status of media effects research—knowledge that ee ill help them navigate in a media-saturated ene ironment. Several outstanding elements distinguish the Second Edition of FuatiiiiiicnfiiF of NìclIìh Kffcct՝. Xew chapters explore the impact of computer/e ideo games, the effects (if the Internet and social networking sites, and the wav mobile communication dee ices have transformed the wav (ve live. An extensive new chapter on children's educational (elee ision describes the considerable bode՜ of research that supports positive ettects like language development and flexible-thinking skills, hraming studies are covered in a separate chapter ve liere thee՜ are distinguished both theoretically and experimentally from agenda setting and priming, lanalle, the authors proe ide overviews of classic and current research studies in an invaluable new feature called "Research Spotlight." These boxed elements appear throughout the text and enable readers to envision how
theories translate into research. |
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