Russian disinformation efforts on social media:
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
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Santa Monica, Calif.
RAND Corporation
[2022]
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| Series: | Combating foreign disinformation on social media series
Rand project air force |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | xviii, 202 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9781977409683 |
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| 505 | 8 | |a Chapter One: Introduction -- Chapter Two: The Intelligence Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Evaluation Process: An Overview -- Chapter Three: Policy and Guidance -- Chapter Four: Information Visibility -- Chapter Five: Roles and Relationships -- Chapter Six: Oversight and Accountability -- Chapter Seven: Findings, Recommendations, and Conclusion -- Appendix: U.S. Army Case Study | |
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Contents Preface. iii Figures and Tables. ix Summary . xi Acknowledgments . xv Abbreviations. xvii CHAPTER ONE Introduction. 1 Methodology. 3 Definitions and Scope. 5 Overview of the Report. 8 CHAPTER TWO Russian Approach to Social Media-Based Information Warfare in Theory. 11 Russian Approaches to Information Confrontation. 12 Russian Approaches to Social Media. 15 Conclusion.25 CHAPTER THREE Russian Social Media-Based Information Warfare in Practice. 27
Russia’s First Social Media—Based Activities. 28 Who Conducts Social Media-Based Activities and Coordinates Campaigns 29 Scale of Russian Social Media Information Warfare. 47 Social Media Actors’ Headquarters.57 vii
viii Russian Disinformation Efforts on Social Media Aims Pursued Through Social Media in Information Warfare.58 How the Russians Use Social Media in Information Warfare . 69 Russian Assessment of Its Social Media Efforts. 80 CHAPTER FOUR Regional Experiences and Responses to Russian Disinformation. 85 Framing the Response. 85 International Responses. 89 National Country Responses.95 Conclusion. 105 CHAPTER FIVE Case Study։ Ukraine. 107 Russian Disinformation Efforts in Ukraine Before 2014. 108 Russian Disinformation in Ukraine During the 2014—2015 Conflict. 110 Ukrainian Responses. 115 Russian Disinformation in Ukraine After 2015. 124 Lessons Learned. 128 CHAPTER SIX Conclusion and Recommendations. The Future of Russia’s Social Media Campaigns.
Recommendations. Final Thoughts. 131 131 136 143 APPENDIX Russian Vulnerabilities to Social Media-Based Information Operations. 145 References . 161
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Szayna, Thomas S., The Ethnic Factor in the Soviet Armed Forces, Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, R-4002-A, 1991. As of August 12, 2019: https://www.rand.org/pubs/reports/R4002.html Taylor, Margaret L., “Combating Disinformation and Foreign Interference in Democracies: Lessons from Europe,” Brookings Institution, July 31, 2019. As of August 12, 2019: https://www.brookings.edu/blog/techtank/2019/07/31/combating-disinformationand-foreign-interference-in-democracies-lessons-from-europe/ Teper, Yuri, and Daniel D. Course, “Contesting Putin’s Nation-Building: The ‘Muslim Other’ and the Challenge of the Russian Ethno-Cultural Alternative.” Nations and Nationalism, Vol. 20, No. 4, 2014, pp. 721-741. As of August 12, 2019: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.llll/nana.12078 “Temnik—-the Kremlin’s Route to Media Control,” EU vs. Disinfo, March 29, 2017. As of August 10, 2019: https://euvsdisinfo.eu/temnik-the-kremlins-route-to-media-control/
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200 Russian Disinformation Efforts on Social Media Ukraine Crisis Media Center, “Who We Are,” webpage, undated. As of August 12, 2019: http://uacrisis.org/about “Ukraine Profile—Media,” BBC, December 10, 2018. As of August 12, 2019: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-18006248 “Ukraine’s ‘Invisible’ Volunteer Fighters,” Hromadske International, November 18, 2018. As of August 12, 2019: https://en.hromadske.ua/posts/ukraines-invisible-volunteer-fighters United States v. Internet Research Agency, indictment, case l:18-cr-00032-DLF, D.D.C., February 16, 2018. As of August 10, 2019: https://www.justice.gov/file/1035477/download United States v. Khusyaynova, criminal complaint, case l:18-MJ-464, E.D. Va., September 28, 2018. As of August 12, 2019: https://www.justice.gov/usao-edva/press-release/file/1102591/download United States ofAmerica v. Viktor Boris Netyksho, Boris Alekseyevich Antonov et al., case l:18-cr-00215-ABJ, July 13, 2018. As of August 12, 2019: https://www.justice.gov/file/1080281/download U.S. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy, 2018 Comprehensive Annual Report on Public Diplomacy and International Broadcasting, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of State, November 20, 2018. As of August 12, 2019: https://www.state.gov/2018-comprehensive-annual-report-on-public-diplomacyand-international-broadcasting/ U.S. Attorney’s Office, Eastern District of Virginia, “Russian National Charged with Interfering in U.S. Political System,” news release, October 19, 2018. As of August 12, 2019: https://www.justice.gov/usao-edva/pr/ russian-national-charged-interfering-us-
political-system U.S. Department of Defense, “Cyber Mission Force Achieves Full Operational Capability,” May 17, 2018. As of August 10, 2019: https://dod.defense.gov/News/Article/Article/1524747/ cyber-mission-force-achieves-full-operational-capability/ U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs, “U.S. Charges Russian GRU Officers with International Hacking and Related Influence and Disinformation Operations,” press release, October 4, 2018. As of August 10, 2019: https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/ us-charges-russian-gru-offlcers-international-hacking-and-related-influence-and U.S. House of Representatives Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, “Social Media Advertisements: 2017: Quarter 2, May: Ad ID 981,” webpage, undated-a. As of July 30, 2018: https://democrats-intelligence.house.gov/social-media-content/ social-media-advertisements.htm
References 201 -------- , “Social Media Advertisements: 2017: Quarter 2, May: Ad ID 1262,” webpage, undated-b. As of July 30, 2018: https://democrats-intelligence.house.gov/social-media-content/ social-media-advertisements.htm -------- , “Social Media Advertisements: 2017: Quarter 2, May: Ad ID 3023,” webpage, undated-c. As of July 30, 2018: https://democrats-intelligence.house.gov/social-media-content/ social-media-advertisements.htm U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, Putin’s Asymmetric Assault on Democracy in Russia and Europe: Implications for U.S. National Security, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Publishing Office, January 10, 2018. As of August 12, 2019: https://www.foreign.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/FinalRR.pdf “U.S. Tried to Slow Down North Koreas Atomic Program [США пытались затормозить ядерную программу КНДР],” Foreign Military Review [Зарубежное военное обозрение], No. 6, 2015, pp. 107-108. Vasilev, Yuriy, and Dinara Setdikova, “The SVR: A Million Dollars—On Blogs [СВР: миллион долларов - на блоги],” Radio Svoboda [Радио Свобода], August 27, 2012. As of August 11, 2019: https://www.svoboda.Org/a/24689413 .html Vilmer, Jean-Baptiste Jeangene, The “Macron Leaks” Operation: A Post-Mortem, Washington, D.C.: Atlantic Council, June 2019. As of August 8, 2019: https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/images/publications/ The_Macron_Leaks_Operation-A_Post-Mortem.pdf Vilmer, Jean-Baptiste Jeangene, Alexandre Escorcia, Marine Guillaume, and Janaina Herrera, Information Manipulation: A Challenge for Our Democracies, Paris: Policy Planning Staff of the Ministry for Europe
and Foreign Affairs and the Institute for Strategic Research of the Ministry for the Armed Forces, August 2018. As of August 8, 2019: https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/ information_manipulation_rvb_cle838736.pdf Virtual Globetrotting, “MediaSintez LLC—Division of Internet Research Agency—Russian ‘Troll Farm,’” webpage, undated. As of August 12, 2019: https://virtualglobetrotting.com/map/mediasintez-llc-division-ofinternet-research-agency-russian-troll-farm/view/google/ Vladimirov, Yuriy, “The Chechen War (The Psychological Aspect) [Чеченская воина (психологический аспект)],” On the Fighting Post [На боевом посту], No. 75, September 29, 2000. Volchek, Dmitry, and Claire Bigg, “Ukrainian Bloggers Use Social Media to Track Russian Soldiers Fighting in East,” The Guardian, June 3, 2015. As of August 12, 2019: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jun/03/ bloggers-social-media-russian-soldiers-fighting-in-ukraine
202 Russian Disinformation Efforts on Social Media Way, Lucan Ahmad, and Adam Casey, Is Russia a Threat to Western Democracy? Russian Intervention in Foreign Elections, 1991—2017, Stanford, Calif: Stanford University, November 3, 2Ó17. As of August 9, 2019: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/cllb/3070391cf888f2decdbfe4691201ae46a35a.pdf Weisburd, Andrew, Clint Watts, and J. Μ. Berger, “Trolling for Trump: How Russia Is Trying to Destroy Our Democracy,” War on the Rocks, November 6, 2016. As of August 12, 2019: https: //warontherocks.com/2016/11/ trolling-for-trump֊how-russia-is-trying-to-destroy-our-democracy/ “What’s Known About Vladislav Surkov [Чем известен Владислав Сурков],” Kommersant [Коммерсантъ], May 24,2019. As of August 9, 2019: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/1939610 Yang, Jenny, “Information: The Perfect Weapon in Today’s Wired World, A Three-Part Series,” NATO Association of Canada, August 8, 2015. As of August 10, 2019: http://natoassociation.ca/ information-the-perfect-weapon-in-todays-wired-world-a-three-part-series-2/ “Year in Review: 1001 Messages of Pro-Kremlin Disinformation,” EU vs. Disinfo, January 3, 2019. As of August 12, 2019: https://euvsdisinfo.eu/ year-in-review-1001-messages-of-pro-kremlin-disinformation/ “Yle Kioski Traces the Origins of Russian Social Media Propaganda-Never-Before Seen Material from the Troll Factory,” Kioski, February 20, 2015. As of August 10, 2019: http://kioski.yle.fi/omat/at-the-origins-of-russian-propaganda. Yovanovitch, Marie, “Remarks by Ambassador Yovanovitch on the Occasion of the 5th Anniversary of the Ukraine Crisis
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| any_adam_object | 1 |
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| author | Treyger, Elina Cheravitch, Joe Cohen, Raphael S. |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1190908492 (DE-588)1237273129 (DE-588)1148322213 |
| author_facet | Treyger, Elina Cheravitch, Joe Cohen, Raphael S. |
| author_role | aut aut aut |
| author_sort | Treyger, Elina |
| author_variant | e t et j c jc r s c rs rsc |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV048412000 |
| classification_rvk | MG 85100 MS 7850 |
| contents | Chapter One: Introduction -- Chapter Two: The Intelligence Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Evaluation Process: An Overview -- Chapter Three: Policy and Guidance -- Chapter Four: Information Visibility -- Chapter Five: Roles and Relationships -- Chapter Six: Oversight and Accountability -- Chapter Seven: Findings, Recommendations, and Conclusion -- Appendix: U.S. Army Case Study |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1347216636 (DE-599)BVBBV048412000 |
| discipline | Politologie Soziologie |
| discipline_str_mv | Politologie Soziologie |
| era | Geschichte 2014-2015 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 2014-2015 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Ukraine (DE-588)4061496-7 gnd Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Ukraine Russland |
| id | DE-604.BV048412000 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T20:25:07Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:37:29Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781977409683 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033790444 |
| oclc_num | 1347216636 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-521 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-521 |
| physical | xviii, 202 Seiten |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20221212 |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateSearch | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | RAND Corporation |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Combating foreign disinformation on social media series Rand project air force |
| spelling | Treyger, Elina Verfasser (DE-588)1190908492 aut Russian disinformation efforts on social media Elina Treyger, Joe Cheravitch, Raphael S. Cohen Santa Monica, Calif. RAND Corporation [2022] xviii, 202 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Combating foreign disinformation on social media series Rand project air force Chapter One: Introduction -- Chapter Two: The Intelligence Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Evaluation Process: An Overview -- Chapter Three: Policy and Guidance -- Chapter Four: Information Visibility -- Chapter Five: Roles and Relationships -- Chapter Six: Oversight and Accountability -- Chapter Seven: Findings, Recommendations, and Conclusion -- Appendix: U.S. Army Case Study Geschichte 2014-2015 gnd rswk-swf Information warfare (DE-588)4461975-3 gnd rswk-swf Social Media (DE-588)4639271-3 gnd rswk-swf Desinformation (DE-588)4252093-9 gnd rswk-swf Ukraine (DE-588)4061496-7 gnd rswk-swf Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd rswk-swf Information warfare / Russia (Federation) Disinformation / Prevention Social media / Russia (Federation) / Influence Internet / Political aspects Information warfare Social media / Influence Russia (Federation) Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 g Social Media (DE-588)4639271-3 s Desinformation (DE-588)4252093-9 s DE-604 Information warfare (DE-588)4461975-3 s Ukraine (DE-588)4061496-7 g Geschichte 2014-2015 z Cheravitch, Joe Verfasser (DE-588)1237273129 aut Cohen, Raphael S. Verfasser (DE-588)1148322213 aut Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033790444&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033790444&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Treyger, Elina Cheravitch, Joe Cohen, Raphael S. Russian disinformation efforts on social media Chapter One: Introduction -- Chapter Two: The Intelligence Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Evaluation Process: An Overview -- Chapter Three: Policy and Guidance -- Chapter Four: Information Visibility -- Chapter Five: Roles and Relationships -- Chapter Six: Oversight and Accountability -- Chapter Seven: Findings, Recommendations, and Conclusion -- Appendix: U.S. Army Case Study Information warfare (DE-588)4461975-3 gnd Social Media (DE-588)4639271-3 gnd Desinformation (DE-588)4252093-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4461975-3 (DE-588)4639271-3 (DE-588)4252093-9 (DE-588)4061496-7 (DE-588)4076899-5 |
| title | Russian disinformation efforts on social media |
| title_auth | Russian disinformation efforts on social media |
| title_exact_search | Russian disinformation efforts on social media |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Russian disinformation efforts on social media |
| title_full | Russian disinformation efforts on social media Elina Treyger, Joe Cheravitch, Raphael S. Cohen |
| title_fullStr | Russian disinformation efforts on social media Elina Treyger, Joe Cheravitch, Raphael S. Cohen |
| title_full_unstemmed | Russian disinformation efforts on social media Elina Treyger, Joe Cheravitch, Raphael S. Cohen |
| title_short | Russian disinformation efforts on social media |
| title_sort | russian disinformation efforts on social media |
| topic | Information warfare (DE-588)4461975-3 gnd Social Media (DE-588)4639271-3 gnd Desinformation (DE-588)4252093-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Information warfare Social Media Desinformation Ukraine Russland |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033790444&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033790444&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT treygerelina russiandisinformationeffortsonsocialmedia AT cheravitchjoe russiandisinformationeffortsonsocialmedia AT cohenraphaels russiandisinformationeffortsonsocialmedia |