Putin's Russia:
Gespeichert in:
| Weitere Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Lanham ; Boulder ; New York ; London
Rowman & Littlefield
[2023]
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| Ausgabe: | Eighth edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Beschreibung: | vi, 448 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9781538148686 9781538148679 |
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| 264 | 4 | |c © 2023 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents Preface v PART I: DOMESTIC POLITICS 1 Chapter 1 : Vladimir Putin in Historical Context Darrell Slider 3 Chapter 2: Political Leadership Richard Sakwa 39 Chapter 3: Regional Politics Nikolai Petrov and Darrell Slider 61 Chapter 4: The Rule of Law Kathryn Hendley 85 Chapter 5: Civil Society and Social Movements Alfred B. Evans Jr. and Elizabeth Plantan 111 Chapter 6: The Media Maria Lipman 139 PART II: THE ECONOMY AND SOCIETY 167 Chapter 7: Economic Policy Laura Solanko and Pekka Sutela 169 Chapter 8: Crime and Corruption Louise Shelley 193 Chapter 9: Gender and Politics Janet Elise Johnson and Alexandra Novitskaya 221 iii
iv Contents Chapter 10: Putin’s Food Policy Stephen К. Wegren 245 PART III: RUSSIA AND THE WORLD 267 Chapter 11 : Russia’s Relations with the United States Maria Snegovaya 269 Chapter 12: Relations with Former Soviet Republics Darrell Slider 299 Chapter 13: Relations with the European Union Jeffrey Mankoff 331 Chapter 14: Russia-China Relations Jeanne L. Wilson 355 Chapter 15 : Energy Stefan Hedlund 381 Chapter 16: The Military Bettina Renz 405 Index 427 About the Contributors 443
Index Page numbers followed by f refer to figures and t to tables. Abkhazia, 275, 305-7, 323, 407, 417, 418 ABM. See Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty abortion, 222-23, 228, 235 Abramovich, Roman, 145, 162nl8, 394 Abuladze, Tengiz, 16 administrative regime, 41-46, 52, 55 advokaty (litigators), 100-102 Afghanistan, 13, 31, 193, 199, 273, 276, 281, 284, 289, 306, 371 agriculture, 11, 172, 200, 247-49, 368; collectivization of, 5-6; exports, 252-54, 260 AIIB. See Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank Alekseeva, Liudmila, 221 Alexander I, 52, бОпЗО Aliyev, Heydar, 391 Al-Khatab, Ibn, 37n51 Allison, Roy, 417 All-Russian State Radio and Television Company (VGTRK), 143, 148 All-Russia People’s Front (ONF), 48 Altai republic, 50 Alternative fur Deutschland, Germany (AID), 332, 338, 349 Amnesty International, 37n46 Andropov, Yuri, 12,14, 31, 35nl9, 35n24 Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty, 274, 281, 357-58 Anticorruption Foundation (FBK), 23, 26, 30, 122, 194 Apple, 28, 158 arbitrazh courts, 88, 95, 97-98 Arctic, 282, 287, 365, 396, 400 Armand, Inessa, 221 Armenia, 301, 304-5, 321-22, 325, 333, 341, 342-43, 364 arms sales, 205, 366-67 Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), 362-63, 369 Austin, Lloyd, 290 authoritarian rule, 3-4, 8, 21, 28, 30, 34ՈՈՅ-4, 49, 50-52, 56, 113, 117, 121, 140, 151, 152-53, 158, 193, 224, 236, 238, 246, 274, 282, 338, 345, 387, 401 autonomous actors and institutions, 3,4, 19, 28,41,46-47,52, 54, 71, 111, 150 autonomous republics and okrugs, 62-63, 74, 304 Azerbaijan, 304-5, 321, 342, 382, 39091. See also Nagorno-Karabakh 427
428 Babariko, Viktor, 316 Baburova, Anastasia, 221 Baikal Finance Group, 394 Baku, 382 Balabanov, Aleksei, 16 Baltic states, 77, 271, 285, 286, 302, 321, 325, 334, 339, 349, 363, 365, 390 bankruptcy cases, 88, 97, 101 Bank Rossia, 149 barter, 173 Barties, Charles, 414 Bashkortostan, 64, 73, 76, 118, 124-25 Belarus, 119, 128, 233, 271, 274, 285, 287, 302, 303, 321, 323, 324, 332, 333, 337, 339, 341, 342, 364, 385; 2020 elections/protests, 313-17 Bellingcat, 25, 37n49, 310, 328nl8, 328n25 Belovezha agreements, 301-2 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), 36265, 369, 372 Berezovsky, Boris, 142-45, 148, 161n8 Beria, Lavrenty, 9 Berkowitz, Daniel, 173 Berlusconi, Silvio, 338 Beslan, 72, 144-46,150, 274, 293n24, 283 Biden, Joe, 280, 289, 295n66, 345, 400 bilateral agreements, 64-66, 68 Black Sea, 26,286, 390, 396, 398, 418 Black Sea Fleet, 309, 317 bloggers, 152, 155, 157, 194, 233, 314 Bobo Lo, 355 Bodrov, Sergei, 16 Bolotnaya Square, 115-16 Bolton, John, 283 Bosnia, 271, 304, 324 Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS), 333, 356 Brexit, 331, 333, 336, 341, 344, 345 Brezhnev, Leonid, 11-14, 21, 28, 29, 31,35nl9,40, 65, 299,382 BRI. See Belt and Road Initiative Index BRICS. See Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa Brodsky, Joseph, 13 Brother (Brat), 16 Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 416 Budapest Memorandum, 277 budget: deficit/surplus, 169, 172, 174, 175, 179, 181, 183, 188, 399; expenditures, 29, ЮбпЗО, 130, 247, 298nll0, 410-11; regional and local budgets, 63, 66, 68, 79-81; revenues, 30, 170, 195, 362, 386-87 budzhetniki, 80 bureaucracy, 4-6, 8, 10-11,16, 19, 28, 30,
34nl, 51, 62, 67-68, 80, 88, 151, 204,314, 324, 341,369,384 business lawyers (iuriskonsul’ty), 102 capital flight, 43, 173, 203, 206-7 capitalism, 195; creative destruction of, 172; state capitalism, 39 Caspian Sea, 390-92 Caucasus, 325, 332, 346, 390, 391. See also North Caucasus censorship, 13, 17, 22, 28, 139, 149, 150, 158 Center for Strategic Studies, 184 Central African Republic, 278, 413 Central Asia, 199-200, 204, 277, 321, 356, 362-64, 369-71, 372, 39092, 400,418 Central Bank, 175-76, 181, 182, 186, 222, 229, 360, 362 centralization, 66-71, 79-80 Central Military Commission of the Chinese Communist Party, 365 CFE. See Conventional Armed Forces in Europe CFP. See Common Foreign Policy Channel One, 147-48,163n30 Charter of Paris, 336, 341 Chechen-Ingushetia, 63 Chechnya, 22, 74, 78, 79, 81, 199; First Chechen War, 22, 25n51, 64—65, 142, 335, 407, 408; human rights
Index violations in, 36ո37, 222; Second Chechen War, 37ո51. See also Kadyrov, Ramzan checks and balances, 4, 23, 79, 87 Cheka, 6 Chekist, 34n6 Chernenko, Konstantin, 14 Chernomyrdin, Viktor, 3 84-86, 393 child exploitation, 194,197-98 China, 34n4, 46, 199, 204, 205, 246, 285, 324, 333, 344, 355-74, 390, 411; Central Asia, 323, 362-65, 369֊ 71; defense cooperation, 365-67; economic ties, 253, 360-62, 392, 395, 398-99, 401; Russian Far East and, 367-69; sanctions and, 188, 361-62; US policy, 280, 287-88, 373 Chinese Communist Party (CCP), 366, 370 Chirikova, Evgeniia, 126, 221 Chubais, Anatoly, 32 Chukhrai, Pavel, 16 Chuvashia republic, 62 CIS. See Commonwealth of Independent States civil society, 4,111-21, 123-28, 130, 237, 279; central control and, 49, 278; funding for, 121-23, 129; Soviet Union and, 6-7, 112; weakness of, 40, 35, 50, 201, 207; Western support for, 278, 279, 283,311,359 Clinton, Bill, 271, 295n66, 300 Clinton, Hillary, 227, 276, 279, 282 Cold War, 8, 10, 57, 90, 269-70, 280, 284, 290, 300, 305, 324, 331, 334, 344, 346, 389, 405-7, 412, 414, 416, 418; broadcasts, 7; “new Cold War,” 42, 53, 54, 274 Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO or ODKB), 321-22 Colombia, 199 “color revolutions,” 47, 52-53, 114, 128, 269, 273-74, 276, 283, 293n21, 429 301, 307, 308-9, 315-16, 322, 324, 359, 417 command economy, 6 Committee for State Security (KGB), 6-7, 9, 10, 12-14, 17, 22, 31, 34n2, 35nl9, 35n24, 61, 226, 302, 313, 316; Putin career in, 12, 18, 21, 29, 62, 78-79, 89, 226, 282-83, 284, 300 Committee on Constitutional Supervision, 87 Common Foreign Policy
(CFP), 335 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), 302, 385 communal apartment, 9, 35nl4 communism, 12, 34n5, 44, 53, 62, 141, 269 Communist Party of the Russian Federation (KPRF), 17,20, 27, 52, 73, 74, 141, 237 Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU or KPSS), 7, 9, 11-12, 33nl, 34n7, 62, 85-88, 90, 112, 113, 128, 150, 202, 221, 307 compromising material (kompromat), 71, 226 comrades’ courts, 86 Congress of People’s Deputies, USSR, 16-17 constitution, 6, 9, 11, 17, 20-22, 26, 39-57, 63-64, 66, 68, 86-90, 178, 224, 235; 2020 amendments, 42, 45, 52-55, 68, 75, 91, 94, 99, 119, 182, 225, 288 Constitutional Court, 93-95, 98, 229 contract killings, 197 contract soldiers, 411 Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty (CFE), 274, 336 cooperatives, 15 corporate raiding, 41, 193, 19697, 201, 206 corruption, v, 4, 34n4, 43, 46, 51, 68, 173, 177-78, 193-95, 197, 201, 204-5, 207-8, 222, 228, 246, 255, 307, 311, 316-17, 322, 337, 340-41,
430 Index 408, 410; judicial, 68, 88; Navalny, anticorruption efforts by, 23, 26, 49, 119, 122, 156-57, 194, 208, 221; Putin and, 19, 26, 29-30; Sovietera, 28-29, 202; state purchases (goszakupki), 29-30, 311 Council of Europe, 98 countersanctions, 248, 314 courts of general jurisdiction, 95-98 court system, 93/ COVID-19, 30-31, 45, 57, 75-76, 81, 118-20, 182, 184, 198, 228, 251, 255 CPSU. See Communist Party of the Soviet Union crime, 22, 25, 29, 90, 222, 232, 237; drugs, 198-99; globalization and, 194-95; homicide, 197; Soviet Union, 202, 206; trafficking, 199201; trends, 196-97 Crimea: annexation of, 46, 76-78, 155, 203, 309, 322-23, 418; international community on annexation of, 181, 324; public opinion on “Crimea consensus,” 155-56 Crimean Tatars, 78 criminal procedure code, 8, 89, 96, Croatia, 62 Czechoslovakia, 14, 299-300, 321 Czech Republic, 62, 334, 338, 340 Dagestan, 62, 74, 199, 200 Darkin, Sergei, 204 Dear Comrades, 35nl7 dedovshchina, 41, defense spending, 298nll0, 347, 406-11 DeJong, Daniel N., 173 democracy, 19, 40-54, 71, 72, 79, 86, 87, 97, 235, 271, 274, 279, 284, 288, 308, 335, 343, 357, 359, 374n6 Department К (FSB), 75 de-Stalinization, 9-10, 14 Deudney, Daniel, 280 Diamond, Larry, 111 digital divide, 151-52, disinformation, 338-39, 344, 347, 413-15 Dobrenko, Evgeny, 8 dollarization and de-dollarization, 173, 175-76 domestic violence, 198, 221, 223, 229, 232-34, 235-36 “Donetsk People’s Republic” (DNR). See Ukraine Dovlatov, Sergei, 15-16, 35n26 “dual state,” 41-42, 49, 52, 54, 94 Dudaev, Dzhokhar, 37n51 Dudley, Robert, 396, Duma. See State Duma Durov,
Pavel, 154,165n52 Dzerzhinsky, Feliks, 6 EaP. See Eastern Partnership East Germany. See German Democratic Republic Eastern Partnership (EaP), 342 ECHR. See European Court of Human Rights economic diversification, 44, 183, 361 economic growth, 34n4, 44, 51, 148, 170, 173, 181-82, 184, 186-87, 252, 274, 333, 381, 383, 388, 393, 399 economic inequality, 42, 44, 81, 185-86 economic sanctions, 44, 46, 48, 51, 57, 77, 130, 181, 182, 186, 187-88, 206, 252, 260, 278-80, 287, 289-90, 316, 323-24, 333, 336-39, 344, 347, 358-59, 360֊62, 370, 397, 399402, 410, 420 economic shocks, 180-83 Edinstvo (party), 144 EDSP. See European Defense and Security Policy EEU. See Eurasian Economic Union energy exports. See natural gas; oil ENP. See European Neighborhood Policy Ensler, Eve, 232 entrepreneurs, 29, 54, 121, 146, 151, 178, 197, 201, 202, 207
Index EPSO. See Eastern Siberia Pacific Oil Estemirova, Natalia, 221 Estonia, 126, 194, 301, 302 Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), 46, 333, 336, 343, 356, 363, 372, 375n20 European Commission (EC), 337, 338 European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), 98-99 European Defense and Security Policy (EDSP), 335 European Economic Community (EEC), 321 European Neighborhood Policy (ENP), 342 European Union (EU), 255, 290, 305, 308, 311, 322, 331-49, 389, 391, 397-98,418 exchange rate, 169,171, 173,175, 176֊ 77, 381, 403nl, 410-11 ExxonMobil, 387-88, 395-97, 400 Facebook, 139, 152, 158, 233 “family circles,” 62 Far East, Russian, 69, 78, 115, 119, 177, 200, 202, 204-5, 232, 256, 260, 356, 367-69,383,400-401 FDI. See foreign direct investment Federal Anti-Monopoly Agency, 257 federal districts (federal’nye okruga), 67-71, 79 federalism, 28, 52, 61-66, 78-81 Federal Security Service (FSB), 6, 36n31, 19, 21-22, 25, 29, 64, 67, 69, 75, 78, 194, 226, 229 Federation Council, 17, 19, 45, 64-65, 81, 88-89, 91, 223, 228, 229, 248 feminism, 223, 230-34 Feministki, 231 Feminist Pencil, 232 Fidesz (Hungary), 332 film industry, 10, 12, 16, 233 Financial Action Task Force, 203 financial markets, 174, 175, 180,181, 206, 207, 399 Firestone, Tom, 201 431 First Chechen War. See Chechnya First Person (Putin interview), 143, 240n27 Fish, Steven, 51 Five-Day War. See Georgia foreign direct investment (FDI), 360, 369 Foreign Ministry. See Ministry of Foreign Affairs foreign trade, 173, 176, 178, 253, 336 “Forward, Russia!” (Medvedev), 43 Fraenkel, Ernst, 41 Fridman, Mikhail, 396 Front National, France, 332 FSB.
See Federal Security Service Furgal, Sergei, 74, 119 Furtseva, Ekaterina, 222 Fyodorov, Boris, 171 Gaddy, Clifford, 170 “gay propaganda” law, 98-99, 223, 228, 229, 232 gay rights, 225, 227, 234, 236 Gazprom, 47, 146, 385, 388-94, 395-99 Gazprom-Media, 144,148 GDP. See gross domestic product Gellner, Ernest, 45 Geological Survey, US, 400 geopolitics, 49, 52, 187, 270, 303, 306, 331, 333, 335, 337, 341—42, 371,390,414 Georgia, 10, 114, 194, 301-2, 325, 342, 364; ethnic conflicts, 303, 418; FiveDay War (2008), 43, 225, 269, 275, 281, 305-8, 324, 339, 347, 408, 417; Rose Revolution, 114, 273, 307, 359 Gerasimov, Valery, 31, 285-86. See also hybrid warfare German Democratic Republic (DDR), 18, 29, 36n28, 338. See also Stasi Germany, 18, 25-26, 36n28,41, 100, 119, 140, 271, 278, 284, 299, 303, 317, 320, 332, 336-39, 345-49, 362, 390, 397-98, 400-402
432 Index GKOs. See short-term rubledenominated government debt glasnost, 15,18 Glavlit, 7, 9 GONGOs. See nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) Google, 27-28, 158 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 10, 14-19, 28, 30, 35n27, 44, 48, 63, 85, 87, 105nl5, 112-13, 206, 299, 301-2, 304, 383 Gorbanevskaia, Natalia, 221 Goskomtsen (State Committee on Prices), 6 Gosplan (State Planning Commission), 6 Gossnab (State Supply Commission), 6 governors, 3, 17, 19-20, 22, 41, 49, 63-66, 68-75, 80-81, 119, 123-24, 126, 143, 171, 178-79, 227, 229, 312, 313; elections, 64-65, 72-74, 178; repression of, 73-75, 204-5 Greenpeace, 122 Gromyko, Andrei, 31 gross domestic product (GDP), 30, 169-70, 172, 174/, 177-79, 181-82, 186-87, 188, 252, 275, 278, 360, 381,406, 408,411 Grozev, Christo, 37n49 Gubaidulina, Sofia, 13 gulag (Chief Administration of the Camps), 8, 9, 10, 15, 67, 99, 196 Gurvich, Evsey, 170 Gusinsky, Vladimir, 142-44, 148 Gustafson, Thane, 381, 383, 394 Havana Syndrome, 286 Helsinki Final Act (Accords), 12-13, 336 Henry, Laura, 122 Higher Arbitrazh Court, 98 Hill, Fiona, 392 Hoffman, Frank, 412 homicide, 197 homophobia, 99, 231, 234 homosociality, 225-26, 227, 235-36 Howard, Marc Morjé, 113 human trafficking, 196, 199-200 Hungary, 62, 299, 321, 332, 334, 338, 340, 348, 349 hybrid warfare, 270, 282, 285-88, 412-15 #Iamnotafraidtospeakout, 233 Ickes, Barry, 170 #Ididnotwanttodie, 234 IKEA, 189 Ikenberry, John, 280 import substitution, 44, 186, 188, 333, 336 incomes (household), 80, 171, 174/, 178, 180-81, 186, 204, 258,313 income tax, 185 inequality, 42, 44, 81, 185-86, 235. See also wealth
distribution inflation, 113, 130, 171, 173, 174-77, 181, 186, 187; food price inflation, 251,255-60, 256/ informal groups (neformalye), 15,42, 112 INF Treaty. See Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty Ingushetia, 72, 74 Instagram, 139, 157, 159, 233 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF), 336, 357 International Criminal Court (ICC), 324 internet, 22, 23, 27, 128, 148, 149, 152, 154, 157, 158-59, 194, 221, 231, 233 Interpol, 201 investigative reporting, 30, 118, 140, 150, 156-58, 165n53 investment and investment climate, 3, 43, 66, 71, 77, 171-73, 174/, 177, 181, 184, 186-87, 203, 205-6, 245, 248, 287, 332, 336-38, 360-61, 363, 368, 369, 382-83 Iran, 199, 276, 289, 357, 358 Iraq, 273, 306,318,319,357 Irkutsk, 74 Isaev, Nikita, 37n52 Islamic State, 418
Index Italy, 13, 271, 337-39 ITERA, 385, 393 iuriskonsul ly (business lawyers), 102 Ivanishvili, Bidzina, 307-8 Japan, 189, 202, 205, 271, 358, 368, 398 Jehovah’s Witnesses, 90, 122 Jewish Autonomous Region, 368 Jowitt, Ken, 113 JP. See justice of the peace courts JQCs. See judicial qualification commissions judicial independence, 41, 86-87 judicial qualification commissions (JQCs), 88, 91, 99 judicial review, 86-88 judicial selection system, 87-88, 91-92 jury trials, 52, 96-97, 108n50 A Just Russia (Spravedlivaya Rossiya [®]), 20, ЗбпЗЗ justice of the peace (JP) courts, 96, 105nl3 Kabaeva, Alina, 225 Kabardino-Balkaria, 63, 74 Kadyrov, Ramzan, 22, 36n37, 36n40, 74, 81 Kaganovich, Lazar, 9 Kalatozov, Mikhail, 10 Kalmykia republic, 63 Kancheli, Gia, 13, 325 Kasyanov, Mikhail, 227 Kazakhstan, 188, 271, 285, 303, 321, 322, 323, 362, 364, 375n20, 390,391,392 Kennan, George, 270, 281 Kerry, John, 280 KGB. See Committee for State Security Khabarovsk krai, 74, 119, 204 Khakasia republic, 74 Khasbulatov, Ruslan, 63, 64 Khloponin, Alexander, 81 Khodorkovsky, Mikhail, 42, 89, 100, 105Ո17, 162n25, 196, 335, 386, 388, 394 433 Khrushchev, Nikita, 5/, 9-11, 14, 28, 70, 89, 290, 299 Kim Jong-un, 359 Kiriyenko, Sergei, 38 Kirov oblast, 74 Kiselev, Dmitry, 154 Kofman, Michael, 415 Kolesnikova, Maria, 315-16 Kollontai, Aleksandra, 221 Komi Republic, 75, 123 Konchalovsky, Andrei, 35nl7 Kosovo, 271-74, 324 Kotkin, Stephen, 382 Kozak, Dmitry, 78, 81 Kozyrev, Andrei, 291n7 KPRF. See Communist Party of the Russian Federation krais (territories), 63 kremlin, 34nl krokodil (drug), 199 Kudrin,
Aleksei, 61, 170, 172 Kulmala, Meri, 121 Kursk (submarine), 145,162nl8 Kursk oblast, 17, 310 Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizia), 273 labor, 34n5, 169, 173, 174, 178, 183, 187, 200, 221 labor camps, 26, 128, 196, 231 Lake Baikal, 116 Lakhova, Ekaterina, 228-29 landfill (garbage dump) protests, 118, 123, 125-26 Latvia, 154, 203, 301, 302 Lavrov, Sergei, 365, 369 Law and Justice (PiS), 339 law schools, 101 LDPR. See Liberal Democratic Party of Russia Lebedev, Alexander, 33n2 legal profession, 101-2 legal system, Russia, 85-103; civil claims, 95-96, 106n21; court system, 93/; criminal cases, 92, 95-96, 102, 106n22, 108n49, 108n50, 196
434 Lenin, Vladimir (Leninism), 6, 9,11, 34ո5, 34ո7, 132ո14, 356 Leningrad. See St. Petersburg lenta.ru, 154 Levada Center, 36n44, 162n23 Lewis, David, 371 Liberal Democratic Party of Russia (LDPR), 20, 74 Libya, 278, 413 Ligachev, Yegor, 14 Light, Margot, 407 liquefied natural gas (LNG), 180, 34849, 361, 363, 368 Lithuania, 203, 301, 302, 316 “little green men,” 277, 413, 423n38. See also vezhlivye Hudi (“polite people”) Litvinenko, Alexander, 37n51 living standards, 18, 51, 130, 156, 159 local self-management (government), 29, 45, 68, 83nl3, 112, 123, 143, 204, 328n23 LNG. See liquefied natural gas “Lugansk People’s Republic” (LNR). See Ukraine Lukashenko, Alexander, 285, 313-17, 324-25 Lukoil, 386 Lukyanov, Fyodor, 419 Luzhkov, Yury, 73, 144, 163n25 Maastricht Treaty, 331, 342 Macron, Emmanuel, 338-39, 349 Magnitsky, Sergei, 212n35 Maksakova, Maria, 229 Maksimovskaia, Marianna, 149 Malaysian Airlines Flight MH-17, 310 male dominance, 224-27, 230-34, 235 Malenkov, Georgy, 9 Malia, Martin, 39 Mamin, Yuri, 16 Mamut, Alexander, 154 Manafort, Paul, 327nl4 “managed democracy,” 41, 44-45, 49 Mari El Republic, 74 Index Marten, Kimberly, 283 Maskhadov, Aslan, 37n51 Mashukov, Alexander, 169 maternity benefits, 223, 235 Matvienko, Valentina, 222, 227-29 May Directives, 80 mayors, 3, 16, 24, 68, 73, 75, 83nl7, 95, 126, 144, 204,301,319 McCain, John, 282 McDonald’s, 189 McFaul, Michael, 282 Mearsheimer, John, 281 Media-Most, 142 Meduza media, 154,158 Medvedev, Dmitry, 393; foreign policy, 276, 331, 339, 364, 368; legal system, Russia and, 89; personal wealth, 23, 117, 157;
presidency, 39-40, 43, 115-16, 147, 151-52; prime minister, 44,183, 184, 276; regional policy, 69, 73; United Russia party leader, 48, 71 Memorial (NGO), 15, 21 Merkel, Angela, 338 #Metoo, 234 migrant labor, 95, 198, 200, 207, 222, 233, 325, 349, 368 military, Russian, 6, 8, 11, 17, 22-23, 31, 65, 67, 70, 205, 228, 236-38, 270, 300; draft, 411; interventions, 31, 56, 64-65, 77, 80, 139, 271, 274, 278, 282, 286, 290, 292n8, 301, 303-12, 317-25, 333, 343, 415-20; military industry, 44,172, 178, 204, 366-67, 372, 384, 409-10; reforms, 45, 276, 405-12, 415. See also defense spending; hybrid warfare; private military companies Miller, Aleksei, 393 Milosevic, Slobodan, 304, 324 Milosz, Zdenek, 14 Ministry for Development of the Far East, 69, 367 Ministry for Economic Development of the North Caucasus, 69
Index Ministry for Publishing and TV and Radio Broadcasting, 69 Ministry for the Economic Development of Crimea, 78 Ministry of Agriculture, 247, 251,253, 257 Ministry of Defense (MO), 309, 407, 413 Ministry of Economic Development, 117, 172,179 Ministry of Education, 121 Ministry of the Environment (Minpriroda), 124 Ministry of Finance, 64, 179 Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MID), 300, 309, 399 Ministry of Gas, 384, 393 Ministry of Geology, 388 Ministry of Health, 69 Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD), 64, 67, 70, 198, 316 Ministry of Justice, 24, 27, 69, 116, 117, 123,166n65 Ministry of Natural Resources, 69, 122 Ministry of Oil, 386-387 Ministry of Regional Development, 69 Ministry of Trade, 257 Ministry of Transportation, 69 Mironyuk, Svetlana, 154 Mizulina, Elena, 229 Moldova, 77, 203, 302, 303, 305, 321, 325, 332-33, 339, 341, 342, 343, 364, 385; Transdniestria “republic,” 305,312, 323,346, 407 Molotov, Vyacheslav, 9 money laundering, 176, 194, 196, 202-3, 206-7 Moscow (city), 10, 15, 17, 29, 30, 63, 73, 75, 81, 95, 141, 231-32, 279-80; crime in, 195, 203, 205-6; elections, 16, 25, 118, 126, 227, 234; protests in, 21, 22, 23, 24, 73, 115-16, 117, 118, 123, 125, 128, 231,233,301 Moscow Feminist Group, 231 Moscow oblast, 36n39, 83nl7 435 Mueller Report, 279, 286, 295n61 multipolarity, 273, 284-85, 292Ո19, 356, 359 MVD. See Ministry of Internal Affairs Nabiullina, Elvira, 222, 229 Nabucco (pipeline), 391, 392, 400 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, 304—5, 321 narcotics trade, 193-94, 19899, 201,206 nationalists/nationalism, 8, 13, 23, 37n46, 46, 53-54, 228, 232-33, 234, 237, 282,
286, 299, 304, 308, 311,318, 333 nationalization of elites, 46 National Media Group (NMG), 14849, ІбЗппЗІ-32 National Welfare Fund, 172, 179, 187, 188 NATO. See North Atlantic Treaty Organization natural gas, 74, 180, 188,195, 346, 361, 383-85, 398-402; pipelines, 313-14, 346, 389-92, 397-98 natural resource curse, 50, 171, 195 Navalny (documentary film), 37n49 Navalny, Aleksei, v, 23-28, 32,126-27, 156, 318, 327nl2; anticorruption efforts, 23, 26, 30, 122, 221; court cases against, 24, 26, 99-100, 208; poisoning, 24—26, 37n48, 37n49, 140, 159, 194, 255; protests, 23-24, 119, 128, 157, 207-8, 233; videos by, 23, 26, 157, 165n60. See also smart voting Nazarbayev, Nursultan, 322, 362 neformalye (informal groups), 112 Nemtsov, Boris, 16, 17, 22, 117 nepotism, 224 New People (party), 20 NGOs. See nongovernmental organizations Nikolayev, Vladimir, 204 NMG. See National Media Group
436 Index Nobel Brothers Petroleum Company, 382 nomenklatura, 34n8 nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), 3-4, 111, 113-18, 127-29, 139, 230, 242ո45, 278, 340, 359; financing of, 113-18, 121, 130, 133n20, 133n21; “foreign agent” status, 47, 90, 105n20, 122-23, 146, 162n25, 229, 232; government-organized (“GONGO”), 114; socially oriented (“SONGO”), 117-18 Nord Stream I and II, 337, 347, 390, 397-98, 400-401 Normandy accords, 278, 344 Nortgaz, 385 North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), expansion of, 275, 281-85, 300-301, 306, 317, 320 North Caucasus, 22, 47, 69, 74, 78, 80, 81, 146, 199, 203, 204, 222, 306, 418 North Korea, 200, 205, 357-59 North Ossetia, 63, 72, 146, 293n24, 306 Novatek, 385, 393 novichok, 25-26, 37n48, 19 Novodvorskaia, Valeria, 221 NTV, 142, 144-46, 147, 151, 162nl4 nuclear weapons, 13, 270-71, 273-74, 280, 285, 288, 290, 318, 324, 346, 358-59, 408,410,412,414 Obama, Barack, 115, 276, 280, 281, 282 OBOR. See One Belt One Road oil, 64, 74, 337; pipelines, 361, 389-92; prices, 44, 48, 66, 146, 148, 170-71, 174, 179-83, 195, 275, 278, 313-14, 381, 383, 387, 392-93, 400, 408, 411; privatization/de-privatization, 42, 335, 384-89, 394; sanctions, 46, 348-49, 399—402; Soviet Union and, 11, 382-83; taxation of, 171-72, 177 okrugs. See federal districts oligarchs, v, 3, 43, 44, 47, 54, 143-45, 148, 171, 185, 193, 195,207, 274, 284, 386, 393-94; Ukrainian, 311 Olympic Games, 78 One Belt One Road (OBOR), 362 ONF. See All-Russia People’s Front Orange Revolution. See Ukrain Orban, Victor, 334, 338, 340 Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), 147,
163n26 organized crime, 193-99, 201-7, 210Ո13,218Ո111 Orthodox Church, Russian, 6-7, 118, 223, 225, 236 OSCE. See Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe Ostpolitik, 338, 401 Panama Papers, 196, 206 pandemic. See COVID-19 Pandora Papers, 196, 203, 206 Panetta, Leon, 415 Parfyonov, Leonid, 151 parliament, Russian, 7, 17, 19, 26, 42, 44, 48, 144, 150, 16Խ12, 276. See also Federation Council; State Duma Pärt, Arvo, 13 Pashinyan, Nikol, 322 patriotism, 54, 186 patronage relations, 62,228,229 Patrushev, Nikolai, 31, 61, 289, 297n88 pensions and pension reform, 45, 69, 78, 118, 156, 172, 184-85, 223,228 Penza, 74 perestroika, 15, 16, 18, 21, 35n27, 44, 51,87, 234 petrodollars, 393, 399 plenipotentiary presidential representative (polpred), 67-69, 70, 73 pluralism, 6, 16, 19, 23, 39, 52, 54, 121, 143,300,311 Poklonskaya, Natalia, 228 Poland, 62, 285, 289, 334, 339, 341, 342, 345, 348, 349, 390, 401 political parties, Russian, 3, 6, 7, 17, 20, 24, 42, 46, 48, 64, 66,71,
Index 83nl3,114, 137nl04, 228,385. See also Communist Party of the Russian Federation; A Just Russia; Liberal Democratic Party of Russia; United Russia political prisoners, 9,15, 21, 36n35, 37n46, 99-101 Politkovskaia, Anna, 221 polpred. See plenipotentiary presidential representative populism, 171, 225, 332, 339, 345 poverty, 19, 44, 169, 185-86, 222, 247, 258, 266n67, 325 Power of Siberia (pipeline), 361, 401 PPP. See purchasing power parity Pravda, Ί, 112 pravovoe gosudarstvo (law-governed state), 85, 87, 102, 105nl5 prerogative states, 41-42 Presidential Administration (PA), 19, 20, 24, 34nl, 47, 74 presidential grants, 115-16, 118, 121 Prigozhin, Yevgeny, 279 Primakov, Yevgeny, 144, 169, 272, 282, 292Ո12 Prisoner of the Mountains, 16 private law firms, 102 private military companies (ChVK or PMC), 413-14 privatization, 15, 32, 42-43, 47, 51, 170, 185, 196, 206, 313; energy sector, 47, 105nl7, 382, 384-89; housing, 15, 185 production sharing agreements (PSAs), 387, 391,395-96 Pro Feminism (Za Feminizm), 231 propaganda, 139, 149, 155, 158, 222, 232, 235,270,317,318,344, 411,413,415 prostitution, 200, 232 protests, 18, 40, 53-54, 75-76, 78, 81, 100, 114-30, 204, 223, 232-35, 274,308-9,315-16, 322, 324, 332, 343-45, 359; electoral fraud and, 44, 46, 73, 115-16, 128, 231, 437 276; journalists and, 153, 155, 157, 162nl4; Navalny-inspired, 23-27, 99-100, 119, 156-57, 194; repressive measures against, 21-23, 31, 99, 116-17, 119, 123-24, 127-29, 140֊ 41, 155-56, 159, 231, 242n50, 277, 319; Soviet-era, 10,12, 35nl7. See also “color revolutions” Protosevich, Roman, 316 PSAs. See
production sharing agreements Public Chamber of the Russian Federation, 114-15, 121, 132nl6, 133n20, 133n29, 329 public opinion, 12, 36n44, 42, 74, 87, 92, 97-98, 107n31, 113, 120, 152, 158, 159, 162Ո14, 162n23, 250, 311,314,317 purchasing power parity (PPP), 360, 411 purges, 7-8 Pussy Riot, 22, 99, 221, 223, 232֊ 33, 235, 237 Putin, Vladimir. See specific topics Putinism, 39, 81 raiding (reiderstvo). See corporate raiding Rakhimov, Murtaza, 73 regional economic councils (sovnarkhozy), 10, 70 regional leaders. See governors Remler, Philip, 282 reserve fund, 399 RIA-Novosti, 154 Rogozhkin, Alexander, 34n6 Romania, 77, 305, 341, 349 Rosatom, 340 Rose Revolution. See Georgia Rosneft, 42, 47, 156, 361, 386-87, 394, 396-97, 400 Rosneftegaz, 386 Rosstekh. See Russian Technologies Royal Dutch Shell, 387 Rozman, Gilbert, 356, 372 RT. See Russia Today
438 Index ruble, 28, 169-70, 173-77, 181, 187, 205, 251,312,313,381,401, rule of law, 4, 22, 28, 41^13, 49, 51, 52, 57, 68, 85-89, 99, 101, 103, 195, 202, 339—40, 348 Russia. See specific topics Russian Orthodox Church, 6-7, 223, 225,229, 231,236 Russian Security Council, 31, 61, 67, 230, 285, 289, 408 Russian Statistical Agency (Rosstat), 69, 174í, 249í, 256í Russian Supreme Court, 21, 91, 93, 93/ 94, 96, 98 Russian Technologies (Rosstekh), 47 Russia Today (RT), 315, 332, 415 Rutskoi, Alexander, 17, 64, 292n8 Saakashvili, Mikhail, 307, 327nl2, 311, 328n22, 417 Sakha. See Yakutia Sakhalin, 74, 387, 395, 396-97 Sakhalin I and II oil and gas field, 387, 395 Sakharov, Andrei, 13, 15 samobytnosť (native traditions), 53 Samotlor, 382, 399 sanctions. See economic sanctions Schnittke, Alfred, 13 Scholz, Olaf, 338, 346, 349 SCO. See Shanghai Cooperation Organization Sechin, Igor, 361, 394, 397 Second Chechen War. See Chechnya Segodnia (Today), 142 separation of powers, 45 separatists and separatism, 199, 231, 271, 277, 303-6, 309, 318, 328Ո16, 328Ո17 Serbia, 271-73, 304, 324 Serdiukov, Anatoly, 226, 409 Sevastopol, 63, 76, 78, 309, 317,406,418 Severodvinsk, 388 Shaimiev, Mintimir, 73 Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), 333, 356, 371 Shestun, Alexander, 83nl7 Shevardnadze, Eduard, 35n27, 307 Shevchuk, Yuri, 13 Shoigu, Sergei, 31, 411 short-term ruble-denominated government debt (GKOs), 169 Siberia, 10, 24, 80, 116, 119, 177, 196, 202, 203-4, 205, 207, 256, 361, 363, 382-83, 388, 391, 395, 400-401 Sibur petrochemical complex, 361, 363 Silk Road, 362-65 siloviki, 23, 44, 47, 51,
53, 67, 226, 316, 361 Sindeeva, Natalia, 151 Singapore, 34n4, 45 Skripal, Sergei, 25, 283, 339 Slutski, Leonid, 234 small business, 29, 66, 254, 385 “smart voting,” 27-28, 128 Sobchak, Anatoly, 16, 18-19, 39, 301 Sobchak, Ksenia, 221, 227 Sobyanin, Sergei, 24, 75 social benefits, 94, 185 social contract, 48-49 social media/networks, 22, 75, 100, 120, 128-29, 139, 140, 149, 152, 153, 154, 231-33, 237, 279, 283, 286, 310, 332, 338, 344,415 social movements, 123-26 soft power, 320, 324-25, 346, 359, 370, 398 Solzhenitsyn, Alexander, 10, 13 South China Sea, 357, 365 South Ossetia, 275, 305-8, 311, 323, 324,417-18 sovereignty, 77, 271-72, 275, 278, 283-84, 289, 301-2, 316, 320, 324, 331, 335, 340, 351Ո16, 357, 358, 365, 372, 373, 415; economic, 170, 173; “limited sovereignty,” 299300, 341, 417-19; regional-level, 63; “sovereign democracy,” 49; “sovereign internet,” 158
Index Soviet Union (USSR), 3-19; civil society, 112; collapse of, 17, 44, 49, 155, 301-6; corruption, 28-29; economy, 11, 15, 29, 35nl4, 171-72, 181, 188, 204; energy exports, 382-84, 389; foreign policy, 12, 269, 282, 299-300, 357, 373, 407; human rights, 12-13, 34nll; legal system, 86-87, 99; nationalities, 62-63, 304; political system, 2-3, 16-19, 33nl, 34n5, 34n8, 79, 141, 151; women, 221-22. See also Communist Party of the Soviet Union sovnarkhozy (regional economic councils), 10-11 Sputnik (media), 332, 415 sputnik (satellite), 10 Sputnik-V (vaccine), 30, 76 SR {Spravedlivaya Rossiya). See A Just Russia stability, 3, 5, 11, 22, 49, 55-57, 73, 127, 159, 183, 245-46, 255, 259, 332, 345-46, 349, 356-59, 371, 416,418,420 “stagnation period,” 14, 43 Stalin, Joseph (Stalinism), 5-9, 11,16, 21, 25, 27, 28-29, 32, 34n9, 37n51, 37n54, 40, 48, 62, 77, 99-100, 104n2, 223, 237, 246, 286, 299, 304, 327n2. See also de-Stalinization Starbucks, 189 Stasi (East Germany), 18, 21, 36n29 State Duma, 17, 22, 45, 64, 74, 79, 89, 122, 137Ո104, 227, 232, 248, 260, 311; elections to, 17, 20, 23, 26-28, 48, 72, 73, 116, 119, 127-28, 147, 155,227-28, 312, 385; women in, 223, 228-29, 230/, 234 state ministries, 6, 10-11, 20, 64, 67, 69-71, 228 Stent, Angela, 419 St. Petersburg (formerly Leningrad), 32, 63, 76, 126, 222, 232, 233, 237, 254, 279, 371; crime in, 203, 205; 439 protests, 116-17; Putin in, 9, 18-19, 29, 39, 47,61,89, 393 super-presidential system, 45, 51 Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, 21, 81, 93, 93/, 96, 98 Sverdlovsk. See Yekaterinburg Syria, 225, 269, 278, 346, 358, 409,
412-14,418-19, 420 Taiwan, 357 Tajikistan, 199, 321, 325, 363, 369-71,407 Tarkovsky, Andrei, 10, 35nl6 Tatar Mejlis, 78 Tatarstan republic, 63, 64, 73, 76, 203 Telegram (social media), 27, 158, 165n52 ‘Telephone law,” 86, 90, 99 Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD), 358-59 terrorism, 36n39, 70, 78, 90, 97, 27374, 277, 286,316 Terrorism, Transnational Crime and Corruption Center (TraCCC), 195 THAAD. See Terminal High Altitude Area Defense “the thaw” (ottepeľ), 9-11, 12, 14, 18 The Thief, 16 Tikhanovskaya, Svetlana, 315-16 Tikhanovsky, Sergei, 314, 316 Timchenko, Galina, 154 TNK-BP, 361, 388, 395-96 Tokayev, Kassym-Jomart, 322 TraCCC. See Terrorism, Transnational Crime and Corruption Center Trans-Caspian Pipeline (TCP), 391 Trans-Siberian Railroad, 204, 363 Trotsky, Leon, 7-8 Trump, Donald, 279, 285, 327Ո14, 320, 345 Turkey (Türkiye), 253, 305, 321,337, 391 Turkmenistan, 199, 321, 364, 370-71, 385, 390-92 Tuva republic, 80
440 Index TN Ram{Dozhď), 151, 154, 158 Twitter, 139, 158 Tyumen oblast, 382 Udmurtia republic, 74 Uglava, Gizo, 311 Ukraine: 2014 war, 44, 53, 140-41, 155, 203, 225, 232, 268, 277-78, 303, 308-12, 413, 414-15, 417; 2022 Russian invasion of, v, 31-32, 56-57, 98, 129-30, 139, 159, 161nl, 187-89, 236-38, 252, 259, 289-90, 299, 301, 317-21, 324-26, 405, 411-15, 419-20; crime in, 203; Donetsk People’s Republic (“DNR”), 77, 309, 318, 328nl6; energy politics and, 180, 337, 343, 385, 389-90, 397; EU and, 331, 333-34, 335, 338, 339, 341, 343-49; language issue, 308, 325; Lugansk People’s Republic (“LNR”), 77, 309, 318, 328nl6; nuclear weapons, 271; oligarchs, 311; Orange revolution, 49, 114, 146, 273, 308, 359, 417; Party of Regions, 319, 343; protests in, 277; Soviet period, 246, 302; Yanukovych, overthrow of, 46, 277, 308-9, 359. See also Crimea Umbrella Revolution (Hong Kong), 359 unemployment, 75, 81, 169, 189, 206 Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). See Soviet Union United Nations Security Council, 316, 324,358 United Russia (UR), 20, 27, 32, 48, 72, 73, 81, 89, 225, 255, 312; creation of, 48; regional organizations, 68, 71-72, 73, 204 United States, 8, 27, 31, 38n60, 92, 116, 155, 158, 182, 185, 194, 199, 206, 251, 262n3, 313, 320, 322, 324, 332, 337, 339, 344-46, 356-57, 359, 360, 373, 375nl2, 388, 401, 410, 417; election interference, 279; relations with, 77, 212n35, 228, 269-90, 294n53, 300-301, 304, 311, 335, 419; “reset,” 276, 280, 288; sanctions/countersanctions, 181, 252, 280, 287, 289, 323-24 UR. See United Russia Urals, 203^4 Usmanov, Alisher, 149, 154
Ustinov, Dmitry, 31 USSR. See Soviet Union Uzbekistan, 199, 321, 325, 364, 370, 391-92 The Vagina Monologues (Ensler), 232 Venezuela, 278 “veto player,” 4, 34n3 vezhlivye liūdi (“polite people”), 30910. See also “little green men” VGTRK. See All-Russian State Radio and Television Company Vinokurov, Alexander, 151 VKontakte (VK), 149, 152 Vladimir oblast, v, 74 Vladivostok, 115, 119, 204, 279, 371, 395 Volkov, Vadim, 202 Wagner group, 328n25, 413-14 war crimes, 324 Warsaw Pact, 299, 321 wealth distribution, 30, 42-43, 185-86. See also inequality Window to Paris, 16 women: in legislatures, 230/ in politics, 227-30; Soviet Union and, 221-22; trafficking of, 195-96, 197, 199-200, 222; World War II and, 222, 237 Womenation, 231 World Bank, 43, 364r World Trade Organization (WTO), 53, 247, 252, 337 World War II, 9, 198, 270, 277, 289, 299, 308, 309, 343, 348, 415 World Wildlife Fund (WWF), 115 WTO. See World Trade Organization WWF. See World Wildlife Fund
Index xenophobia, 8, 322, 332, 368 Xi Jinping, 355, 362, 364, 370, 372, 375nl2 Yakutia (Sakha) republic, 64, 74 yakuza, 202 Yalta Accords, 277, 284, 301, 327n2 Yanukovych, Viktor, 44, 46, 76, 277, 308-9, 315, 317, 319, 327nl4, 34345, 347, 359, 397, 420 Yarovaia, Irina, 228-29 Yekaterinburg (formerly Sverdlovsk), 15, 213, 279 Yeltsin, Boris, 5/, 14-19; democracy and, 41, 50, 292n8, 301; economy and, 169-74, 178, 185; energy policy, 385-89; foreign policy, 27073, 302, 331; legal system, Russia and, 87-88; mass media under, 141-43; military policy, 406-8, 416; regional leaders and, 47, 61, 62-66, 78-79 YouTube, 23, 25, 26, 27, 157, 159 Yuganskneftegaz, 394 Yugoslavia, 269, 271-72, 273, 277, 304, 324, 339 Yukos oil company, 386; destruction of, 42, 47,51,90, 335,394; ExxonMobil and, 388 Yushchenko, Viktor, 308 Yves Roche, 24 Za Feminizm (Pro Feminism), 231 Zelensky, Vladimir, 312, 318 Zeman, Miloš, 338 Zubarevich, Natalia, 80 Zyuganov, Gennady, 17 441
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Contents Preface v PART I: DOMESTIC POLITICS 1 Chapter 1 : Vladimir Putin in Historical Context Darrell Slider 3 Chapter 2: Political Leadership Richard Sakwa 39 Chapter 3: Regional Politics Nikolai Petrov and Darrell Slider 61 Chapter 4: The Rule of Law Kathryn Hendley 85 Chapter 5: Civil Society and Social Movements Alfred B. Evans Jr. and Elizabeth Plantan 111 Chapter 6: The Media Maria Lipman 139 PART II: THE ECONOMY AND SOCIETY 167 Chapter 7: Economic Policy Laura Solanko and Pekka Sutela 169 Chapter 8: Crime and Corruption Louise Shelley 193 Chapter 9: Gender and Politics Janet Elise Johnson and Alexandra Novitskaya 221 iii
iv Contents Chapter 10: Putin’s Food Policy Stephen К. Wegren 245 PART III: RUSSIA AND THE WORLD 267 Chapter 11 : Russia’s Relations with the United States Maria Snegovaya 269 Chapter 12: Relations with Former Soviet Republics Darrell Slider 299 Chapter 13: Relations with the European Union Jeffrey Mankoff 331 Chapter 14: Russia-China Relations Jeanne L. Wilson 355 Chapter 15 : Energy Stefan Hedlund 381 Chapter 16: The Military Bettina Renz 405 Index 427 About the Contributors 443
Index Page numbers followed by f refer to figures and t to tables. Abkhazia, 275, 305-7, 323, 407, 417, 418 ABM. See Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty abortion, 222-23, 228, 235 Abramovich, Roman, 145, 162nl8, 394 Abuladze, Tengiz, 16 administrative regime, 41-46, 52, 55 advokaty (litigators), 100-102 Afghanistan, 13, 31, 193, 199, 273, 276, 281, 284, 289, 306, 371 agriculture, 11, 172, 200, 247-49, 368; collectivization of, 5-6; exports, 252-54, 260 AIIB. See Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank Alekseeva, Liudmila, 221 Alexander I, 52, бОпЗО Aliyev, Heydar, 391 Al-Khatab, Ibn, 37n51 Allison, Roy, 417 All-Russian State Radio and Television Company (VGTRK), 143, 148 All-Russia People’s Front (ONF), 48 Altai republic, 50 Alternative fur Deutschland, Germany (AID), 332, 338, 349 Amnesty International, 37n46 Andropov, Yuri, 12,14, 31, 35nl9, 35n24 Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty, 274, 281, 357-58 Anticorruption Foundation (FBK), 23, 26, 30, 122, 194 Apple, 28, 158 arbitrazh courts, 88, 95, 97-98 Arctic, 282, 287, 365, 396, 400 Armand, Inessa, 221 Armenia, 301, 304-5, 321-22, 325, 333, 341, 342-43, 364 arms sales, 205, 366-67 Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), 362-63, 369 Austin, Lloyd, 290 authoritarian rule, 3-4, 8, 21, 28, 30, 34ՈՈՅ-4, 49, 50-52, 56, 113, 117, 121, 140, 151, 152-53, 158, 193, 224, 236, 238, 246, 274, 282, 338, 345, 387, 401 autonomous actors and institutions, 3,4, 19, 28,41,46-47,52, 54, 71, 111, 150 autonomous republics and okrugs, 62-63, 74, 304 Azerbaijan, 304-5, 321, 342, 382, 39091. See also Nagorno-Karabakh 427
428 Babariko, Viktor, 316 Baburova, Anastasia, 221 Baikal Finance Group, 394 Baku, 382 Balabanov, Aleksei, 16 Baltic states, 77, 271, 285, 286, 302, 321, 325, 334, 339, 349, 363, 365, 390 bankruptcy cases, 88, 97, 101 Bank Rossia, 149 barter, 173 Barties, Charles, 414 Bashkortostan, 64, 73, 76, 118, 124-25 Belarus, 119, 128, 233, 271, 274, 285, 287, 302, 303, 321, 323, 324, 332, 333, 337, 339, 341, 342, 364, 385; 2020 elections/protests, 313-17 Bellingcat, 25, 37n49, 310, 328nl8, 328n25 Belovezha agreements, 301-2 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), 36265, 369, 372 Berezovsky, Boris, 142-45, 148, 161n8 Beria, Lavrenty, 9 Berkowitz, Daniel, 173 Berlusconi, Silvio, 338 Beslan, 72, 144-46,150, 274, 293n24, 283 Biden, Joe, 280, 289, 295n66, 345, 400 bilateral agreements, 64-66, 68 Black Sea, 26,286, 390, 396, 398, 418 Black Sea Fleet, 309, 317 bloggers, 152, 155, 157, 194, 233, 314 Bobo Lo, 355 Bodrov, Sergei, 16 Bolotnaya Square, 115-16 Bolton, John, 283 Bosnia, 271, 304, 324 Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS), 333, 356 Brexit, 331, 333, 336, 341, 344, 345 Brezhnev, Leonid, 11-14, 21, 28, 29, 31,35nl9,40, 65, 299,382 BRI. See Belt and Road Initiative Index BRICS. See Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa Brodsky, Joseph, 13 Brother (Brat), 16 Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 416 Budapest Memorandum, 277 budget: deficit/surplus, 169, 172, 174, 175, 179, 181, 183, 188, 399; expenditures, 29, ЮбпЗО, 130, 247, 298nll0, 410-11; regional and local budgets, 63, 66, 68, 79-81; revenues, 30, 170, 195, 362, 386-87 budzhetniki, 80 bureaucracy, 4-6, 8, 10-11,16, 19, 28, 30,
34nl, 51, 62, 67-68, 80, 88, 151, 204,314, 324, 341,369,384 business lawyers (iuriskonsul’ty), 102 capital flight, 43, 173, 203, 206-7 capitalism, 195; creative destruction of, 172; state capitalism, 39 Caspian Sea, 390-92 Caucasus, 325, 332, 346, 390, 391. See also North Caucasus censorship, 13, 17, 22, 28, 139, 149, 150, 158 Center for Strategic Studies, 184 Central African Republic, 278, 413 Central Asia, 199-200, 204, 277, 321, 356, 362-64, 369-71, 372, 39092, 400,418 Central Bank, 175-76, 181, 182, 186, 222, 229, 360, 362 centralization, 66-71, 79-80 Central Military Commission of the Chinese Communist Party, 365 CFE. See Conventional Armed Forces in Europe CFP. See Common Foreign Policy Channel One, 147-48,163n30 Charter of Paris, 336, 341 Chechen-Ingushetia, 63 Chechnya, 22, 74, 78, 79, 81, 199; First Chechen War, 22, 25n51, 64—65, 142, 335, 407, 408; human rights
Index violations in, 36ո37, 222; Second Chechen War, 37ո51. See also Kadyrov, Ramzan checks and balances, 4, 23, 79, 87 Cheka, 6 Chekist, 34n6 Chernenko, Konstantin, 14 Chernomyrdin, Viktor, 3 84-86, 393 child exploitation, 194,197-98 China, 34n4, 46, 199, 204, 205, 246, 285, 324, 333, 344, 355-74, 390, 411; Central Asia, 323, 362-65, 369֊ 71; defense cooperation, 365-67; economic ties, 253, 360-62, 392, 395, 398-99, 401; Russian Far East and, 367-69; sanctions and, 188, 361-62; US policy, 280, 287-88, 373 Chinese Communist Party (CCP), 366, 370 Chirikova, Evgeniia, 126, 221 Chubais, Anatoly, 32 Chukhrai, Pavel, 16 Chuvashia republic, 62 CIS. See Commonwealth of Independent States civil society, 4,111-21, 123-28, 130, 237, 279; central control and, 49, 278; funding for, 121-23, 129; Soviet Union and, 6-7, 112; weakness of, 40, 35, 50, 201, 207; Western support for, 278, 279, 283,311,359 Clinton, Bill, 271, 295n66, 300 Clinton, Hillary, 227, 276, 279, 282 Cold War, 8, 10, 57, 90, 269-70, 280, 284, 290, 300, 305, 324, 331, 334, 344, 346, 389, 405-7, 412, 414, 416, 418; broadcasts, 7; “new Cold War,” 42, 53, 54, 274 Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO or ODKB), 321-22 Colombia, 199 “color revolutions,” 47, 52-53, 114, 128, 269, 273-74, 276, 283, 293n21, 429 301, 307, 308-9, 315-16, 322, 324, 359, 417 command economy, 6 Committee for State Security (KGB), 6-7, 9, 10, 12-14, 17, 22, 31, 34n2, 35nl9, 35n24, 61, 226, 302, 313, 316; Putin career in, 12, 18, 21, 29, 62, 78-79, 89, 226, 282-83, 284, 300 Committee on Constitutional Supervision, 87 Common Foreign Policy
(CFP), 335 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), 302, 385 communal apartment, 9, 35nl4 communism, 12, 34n5, 44, 53, 62, 141, 269 Communist Party of the Russian Federation (KPRF), 17,20, 27, 52, 73, 74, 141, 237 Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU or KPSS), 7, 9, 11-12, 33nl, 34n7, 62, 85-88, 90, 112, 113, 128, 150, 202, 221, 307 compromising material (kompromat), 71, 226 comrades’ courts, 86 Congress of People’s Deputies, USSR, 16-17 constitution, 6, 9, 11, 17, 20-22, 26, 39-57, 63-64, 66, 68, 86-90, 178, 224, 235; 2020 amendments, 42, 45, 52-55, 68, 75, 91, 94, 99, 119, 182, 225, 288 Constitutional Court, 93-95, 98, 229 contract killings, 197 contract soldiers, 411 Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty (CFE), 274, 336 cooperatives, 15 corporate raiding, 41, 193, 19697, 201, 206 corruption, v, 4, 34n4, 43, 46, 51, 68, 173, 177-78, 193-95, 197, 201, 204-5, 207-8, 222, 228, 246, 255, 307, 311, 316-17, 322, 337, 340-41,
430 Index 408, 410; judicial, 68, 88; Navalny, anticorruption efforts by, 23, 26, 49, 119, 122, 156-57, 194, 208, 221; Putin and, 19, 26, 29-30; Sovietera, 28-29, 202; state purchases (goszakupki), 29-30, 311 Council of Europe, 98 countersanctions, 248, 314 courts of general jurisdiction, 95-98 court system, 93/ COVID-19, 30-31, 45, 57, 75-76, 81, 118-20, 182, 184, 198, 228, 251, 255 CPSU. See Communist Party of the Soviet Union crime, 22, 25, 29, 90, 222, 232, 237; drugs, 198-99; globalization and, 194-95; homicide, 197; Soviet Union, 202, 206; trafficking, 199201; trends, 196-97 Crimea: annexation of, 46, 76-78, 155, 203, 309, 322-23, 418; international community on annexation of, 181, 324; public opinion on “Crimea consensus,” 155-56 Crimean Tatars, 78 criminal procedure code, 8, 89, 96, Croatia, 62 Czechoslovakia, 14, 299-300, 321 Czech Republic, 62, 334, 338, 340 Dagestan, 62, 74, 199, 200 Darkin, Sergei, 204 Dear Comrades, 35nl7 dedovshchina, 41, defense spending, 298nll0, 347, 406-11 DeJong, Daniel N., 173 democracy, 19, 40-54, 71, 72, 79, 86, 87, 97, 235, 271, 274, 279, 284, 288, 308, 335, 343, 357, 359, 374n6 Department К (FSB), 75 de-Stalinization, 9-10, 14 Deudney, Daniel, 280 Diamond, Larry, 111 digital divide, 151-52, disinformation, 338-39, 344, 347, 413-15 Dobrenko, Evgeny, 8 dollarization and de-dollarization, 173, 175-76 domestic violence, 198, 221, 223, 229, 232-34, 235-36 “Donetsk People’s Republic” (DNR). See Ukraine Dovlatov, Sergei, 15-16, 35n26 “dual state,” 41-42, 49, 52, 54, 94 Dudaev, Dzhokhar, 37n51 Dudley, Robert, 396, Duma. See State Duma Durov,
Pavel, 154,165n52 Dzerzhinsky, Feliks, 6 EaP. See Eastern Partnership East Germany. See German Democratic Republic Eastern Partnership (EaP), 342 ECHR. See European Court of Human Rights economic diversification, 44, 183, 361 economic growth, 34n4, 44, 51, 148, 170, 173, 181-82, 184, 186-87, 252, 274, 333, 381, 383, 388, 393, 399 economic inequality, 42, 44, 81, 185-86 economic sanctions, 44, 46, 48, 51, 57, 77, 130, 181, 182, 186, 187-88, 206, 252, 260, 278-80, 287, 289-90, 316, 323-24, 333, 336-39, 344, 347, 358-59, 360֊62, 370, 397, 399402, 410, 420 economic shocks, 180-83 Edinstvo (party), 144 EDSP. See European Defense and Security Policy EEU. See Eurasian Economic Union energy exports. See natural gas; oil ENP. See European Neighborhood Policy Ensler, Eve, 232 entrepreneurs, 29, 54, 121, 146, 151, 178, 197, 201, 202, 207
Index EPSO. See Eastern Siberia Pacific Oil Estemirova, Natalia, 221 Estonia, 126, 194, 301, 302 Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), 46, 333, 336, 343, 356, 363, 372, 375n20 European Commission (EC), 337, 338 European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), 98-99 European Defense and Security Policy (EDSP), 335 European Economic Community (EEC), 321 European Neighborhood Policy (ENP), 342 European Union (EU), 255, 290, 305, 308, 311, 322, 331-49, 389, 391, 397-98,418 exchange rate, 169,171, 173,175, 176֊ 77, 381, 403nl, 410-11 ExxonMobil, 387-88, 395-97, 400 Facebook, 139, 152, 158, 233 “family circles,” 62 Far East, Russian, 69, 78, 115, 119, 177, 200, 202, 204-5, 232, 256, 260, 356, 367-69,383,400-401 FDI. See foreign direct investment Federal Anti-Monopoly Agency, 257 federal districts (federal’nye okruga), 67-71, 79 federalism, 28, 52, 61-66, 78-81 Federal Security Service (FSB), 6, 36n31, 19, 21-22, 25, 29, 64, 67, 69, 75, 78, 194, 226, 229 Federation Council, 17, 19, 45, 64-65, 81, 88-89, 91, 223, 228, 229, 248 feminism, 223, 230-34 Feministki, 231 Feminist Pencil, 232 Fidesz (Hungary), 332 film industry, 10, 12, 16, 233 Financial Action Task Force, 203 financial markets, 174, 175, 180,181, 206, 207, 399 Firestone, Tom, 201 431 First Chechen War. See Chechnya First Person (Putin interview), 143, 240n27 Fish, Steven, 51 Five-Day War. See Georgia foreign direct investment (FDI), 360, 369 Foreign Ministry. See Ministry of Foreign Affairs foreign trade, 173, 176, 178, 253, 336 “Forward, Russia!” (Medvedev), 43 Fraenkel, Ernst, 41 Fridman, Mikhail, 396 Front National, France, 332 FSB.
See Federal Security Service Furgal, Sergei, 74, 119 Furtseva, Ekaterina, 222 Fyodorov, Boris, 171 Gaddy, Clifford, 170 “gay propaganda” law, 98-99, 223, 228, 229, 232 gay rights, 225, 227, 234, 236 Gazprom, 47, 146, 385, 388-94, 395-99 Gazprom-Media, 144,148 GDP. See gross domestic product Gellner, Ernest, 45 Geological Survey, US, 400 geopolitics, 49, 52, 187, 270, 303, 306, 331, 333, 335, 337, 341—42, 371,390,414 Georgia, 10, 114, 194, 301-2, 325, 342, 364; ethnic conflicts, 303, 418; FiveDay War (2008), 43, 225, 269, 275, 281, 305-8, 324, 339, 347, 408, 417; Rose Revolution, 114, 273, 307, 359 Gerasimov, Valery, 31, 285-86. See also hybrid warfare German Democratic Republic (DDR), 18, 29, 36n28, 338. See also Stasi Germany, 18, 25-26, 36n28,41, 100, 119, 140, 271, 278, 284, 299, 303, 317, 320, 332, 336-39, 345-49, 362, 390, 397-98, 400-402
432 Index GKOs. See short-term rubledenominated government debt glasnost, 15,18 Glavlit, 7, 9 GONGOs. See nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) Google, 27-28, 158 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 10, 14-19, 28, 30, 35n27, 44, 48, 63, 85, 87, 105nl5, 112-13, 206, 299, 301-2, 304, 383 Gorbanevskaia, Natalia, 221 Goskomtsen (State Committee on Prices), 6 Gosplan (State Planning Commission), 6 Gossnab (State Supply Commission), 6 governors, 3, 17, 19-20, 22, 41, 49, 63-66, 68-75, 80-81, 119, 123-24, 126, 143, 171, 178-79, 227, 229, 312, 313; elections, 64-65, 72-74, 178; repression of, 73-75, 204-5 Greenpeace, 122 Gromyko, Andrei, 31 gross domestic product (GDP), 30, 169-70, 172, 174/, 177-79, 181-82, 186-87, 188, 252, 275, 278, 360, 381,406, 408,411 Grozev, Christo, 37n49 Gubaidulina, Sofia, 13 gulag (Chief Administration of the Camps), 8, 9, 10, 15, 67, 99, 196 Gurvich, Evsey, 170 Gusinsky, Vladimir, 142-44, 148 Gustafson, Thane, 381, 383, 394 Havana Syndrome, 286 Helsinki Final Act (Accords), 12-13, 336 Henry, Laura, 122 Higher Arbitrazh Court, 98 Hill, Fiona, 392 Hoffman, Frank, 412 homicide, 197 homophobia, 99, 231, 234 homosociality, 225-26, 227, 235-36 Howard, Marc Morjé, 113 human trafficking, 196, 199-200 Hungary, 62, 299, 321, 332, 334, 338, 340, 348, 349 hybrid warfare, 270, 282, 285-88, 412-15 #Iamnotafraidtospeakout, 233 Ickes, Barry, 170 #Ididnotwanttodie, 234 IKEA, 189 Ikenberry, John, 280 import substitution, 44, 186, 188, 333, 336 incomes (household), 80, 171, 174/, 178, 180-81, 186, 204, 258,313 income tax, 185 inequality, 42, 44, 81, 185-86, 235. See also wealth
distribution inflation, 113, 130, 171, 173, 174-77, 181, 186, 187; food price inflation, 251,255-60, 256/ informal groups (neformalye), 15,42, 112 INF Treaty. See Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty Ingushetia, 72, 74 Instagram, 139, 157, 159, 233 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF), 336, 357 International Criminal Court (ICC), 324 internet, 22, 23, 27, 128, 148, 149, 152, 154, 157, 158-59, 194, 221, 231, 233 Interpol, 201 investigative reporting, 30, 118, 140, 150, 156-58, 165n53 investment and investment climate, 3, 43, 66, 71, 77, 171-73, 174/, 177, 181, 184, 186-87, 203, 205-6, 245, 248, 287, 332, 336-38, 360-61, 363, 368, 369, 382-83 Iran, 199, 276, 289, 357, 358 Iraq, 273, 306,318,319,357 Irkutsk, 74 Isaev, Nikita, 37n52 Islamic State, 418
Index Italy, 13, 271, 337-39 ITERA, 385, 393 iuriskonsul 'ly (business lawyers), 102 Ivanishvili, Bidzina, 307-8 Japan, 189, 202, 205, 271, 358, 368, 398 Jehovah’s Witnesses, 90, 122 Jewish Autonomous Region, 368 Jowitt, Ken, 113 JP. See justice of the peace courts JQCs. See judicial qualification commissions judicial independence, 41, 86-87 judicial qualification commissions (JQCs), 88, 91, 99 judicial review, 86-88 judicial selection system, 87-88, 91-92 jury trials, 52, 96-97, 108n50 A Just Russia (Spravedlivaya Rossiya [®]), 20, ЗбпЗЗ justice of the peace (JP) courts, 96, 105nl3 Kabaeva, Alina, 225 Kabardino-Balkaria, 63, 74 Kadyrov, Ramzan, 22, 36n37, 36n40, 74, 81 Kaganovich, Lazar, 9 Kalatozov, Mikhail, 10 Kalmykia republic, 63 Kancheli, Gia, 13, 325 Kasyanov, Mikhail, 227 Kazakhstan, 188, 271, 285, 303, 321, 322, 323, 362, 364, 375n20, 390,391,392 Kennan, George, 270, 281 Kerry, John, 280 KGB. See Committee for State Security Khabarovsk krai, 74, 119, 204 Khakasia republic, 74 Khasbulatov, Ruslan, 63, 64 Khloponin, Alexander, 81 Khodorkovsky, Mikhail, 42, 89, 100, 105Ո17, 162n25, 196, 335, 386, 388, 394 433 Khrushchev, Nikita, 5/, 9-11, 14, 28, 70, 89, 290, 299 Kim Jong-un, 359 Kiriyenko, Sergei, 38 Kirov oblast, 74 Kiselev, Dmitry, 154 Kofman, Michael, 415 Kolesnikova, Maria, 315-16 Kollontai, Aleksandra, 221 Komi Republic, 75, 123 Konchalovsky, Andrei, 35nl7 Kosovo, 271-74, 324 Kotkin, Stephen, 382 Kozak, Dmitry, 78, 81 Kozyrev, Andrei, 291n7 KPRF. See Communist Party of the Russian Federation krais (territories), 63 kremlin, 34nl krokodil (drug), 199 Kudrin,
Aleksei, 61, 170, 172 Kulmala, Meri, 121 Kursk (submarine), 145,162nl8 Kursk oblast, 17, 310 Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizia), 273 labor, 34n5, 169, 173, 174, 178, 183, 187, 200, 221 labor camps, 26, 128, 196, 231 Lake Baikal, 116 Lakhova, Ekaterina, 228-29 landfill (garbage dump) protests, 118, 123, 125-26 Latvia, 154, 203, 301, 302 Lavrov, Sergei, 365, 369 Law and Justice (PiS), 339 law schools, 101 LDPR. See Liberal Democratic Party of Russia Lebedev, Alexander, 33n2 legal profession, 101-2 legal system, Russia, 85-103; civil claims, 95-96, 106n21; court system, 93/; criminal cases, 92, 95-96, 102, 106n22, 108n49, 108n50, 196
434 Lenin, Vladimir (Leninism), 6, 9,11, 34ո5, 34ո7, 132ո14, 356 Leningrad. See St. Petersburg lenta.ru, 154 Levada Center, 36n44, 162n23 Lewis, David, 371 Liberal Democratic Party of Russia (LDPR), 20, 74 Libya, 278, 413 Ligachev, Yegor, 14 Light, Margot, 407 liquefied natural gas (LNG), 180, 34849, 361, 363, 368 Lithuania, 203, 301, 302, 316 “little green men,” 277, 413, 423n38. See also vezhlivye Hudi (“polite people”) Litvinenko, Alexander, 37n51 living standards, 18, 51, 130, 156, 159 local self-management (government), 29, 45, 68, 83nl3, 112, 123, 143, 204, 328n23 LNG. See liquefied natural gas “Lugansk People’s Republic” (LNR). See Ukraine Lukashenko, Alexander, 285, 313-17, 324-25 Lukoil, 386 Lukyanov, Fyodor, 419 Luzhkov, Yury, 73, 144, 163n25 Maastricht Treaty, 331, 342 Macron, Emmanuel, 338-39, 349 Magnitsky, Sergei, 212n35 Maksakova, Maria, 229 Maksimovskaia, Marianna, 149 Malaysian Airlines Flight MH-17, 310 male dominance, 224-27, 230-34, 235 Malenkov, Georgy, 9 Malia, Martin, 39 Mamin, Yuri, 16 Mamut, Alexander, 154 Manafort, Paul, 327nl4 “managed democracy,” 41, 44-45, 49 Mari El Republic, 74 Index Marten, Kimberly, 283 Maskhadov, Aslan, 37n51 Mashukov, Alexander, 169 maternity benefits, 223, 235 Matvienko, Valentina, 222, 227-29 May Directives, 80 mayors, 3, 16, 24, 68, 73, 75, 83nl7, 95, 126, 144, 204,301,319 McCain, John, 282 McDonald’s, 189 McFaul, Michael, 282 Mearsheimer, John, 281 Media-Most, 142 Meduza media, 154,158 Medvedev, Dmitry, 393; foreign policy, 276, 331, 339, 364, 368; legal system, Russia and, 89; personal wealth, 23, 117, 157;
presidency, 39-40, 43, 115-16, 147, 151-52; prime minister, 44,183, 184, 276; regional policy, 69, 73; United Russia party leader, 48, 71 Memorial (NGO), 15, 21 Merkel, Angela, 338 #Metoo, 234 migrant labor, 95, 198, 200, 207, 222, 233, 325, 349, 368 military, Russian, 6, 8, 11, 17, 22-23, 31, 65, 67, 70, 205, 228, 236-38, 270, 300; draft, 411; interventions, 31, 56, 64-65, 77, 80, 139, 271, 274, 278, 282, 286, 290, 292n8, 301, 303-12, 317-25, 333, 343, 415-20; military industry, 44,172, 178, 204, 366-67, 372, 384, 409-10; reforms, 45, 276, 405-12, 415. See also defense spending; hybrid warfare; private military companies Miller, Aleksei, 393 Milosevic, Slobodan, 304, 324 Milosz, Zdenek, 14 Ministry for Development of the Far East, 69, 367 Ministry for Economic Development of the North Caucasus, 69
Index Ministry for Publishing and TV and Radio Broadcasting, 69 Ministry for the Economic Development of Crimea, 78 Ministry of Agriculture, 247, 251,253, 257 Ministry of Defense (MO), 309, 407, 413 Ministry of Economic Development, 117, 172,179 Ministry of Education, 121 Ministry of the Environment (Minpriroda), 124 Ministry of Finance, 64, 179 Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MID), 300, 309, 399 Ministry of Gas, 384, 393 Ministry of Geology, 388 Ministry of Health, 69 Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD), 64, 67, 70, 198, 316 Ministry of Justice, 24, 27, 69, 116, 117, 123,166n65 Ministry of Natural Resources, 69, 122 Ministry of Oil, 386-387 Ministry of Regional Development, 69 Ministry of Trade, 257 Ministry of Transportation, 69 Mironyuk, Svetlana, 154 Mizulina, Elena, 229 Moldova, 77, 203, 302, 303, 305, 321, 325, 332-33, 339, 341, 342, 343, 364, 385; Transdniestria “republic,” 305,312, 323,346, 407 Molotov, Vyacheslav, 9 money laundering, 176, 194, 196, 202-3, 206-7 Moscow (city), 10, 15, 17, 29, 30, 63, 73, 75, 81, 95, 141, 231-32, 279-80; crime in, 195, 203, 205-6; elections, 16, 25, 118, 126, 227, 234; protests in, 21, 22, 23, 24, 73, 115-16, 117, 118, 123, 125, 128, 231,233,301 Moscow Feminist Group, 231 Moscow oblast, 36n39, 83nl7 435 Mueller Report, 279, 286, 295n61 multipolarity, 273, 284-85, 292Ո19, 356, 359 MVD. See Ministry of Internal Affairs Nabiullina, Elvira, 222, 229 Nabucco (pipeline), 391, 392, 400 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, 304—5, 321 narcotics trade, 193-94, 19899, 201,206 nationalists/nationalism, 8, 13, 23, 37n46, 46, 53-54, 228, 232-33, 234, 237, 282,
286, 299, 304, 308, 311,318, 333 nationalization of elites, 46 National Media Group (NMG), 14849, ІбЗппЗІ-32 National Welfare Fund, 172, 179, 187, 188 NATO. See North Atlantic Treaty Organization natural gas, 74, 180, 188,195, 346, 361, 383-85, 398-402; pipelines, 313-14, 346, 389-92, 397-98 natural resource curse, 50, 171, 195 Navalny (documentary film), 37n49 Navalny, Aleksei, v, 23-28, 32,126-27, 156, 318, 327nl2; anticorruption efforts, 23, 26, 30, 122, 221; court cases against, 24, 26, 99-100, 208; poisoning, 24—26, 37n48, 37n49, 140, 159, 194, 255; protests, 23-24, 119, 128, 157, 207-8, 233; videos by, 23, 26, 157, 165n60. See also smart voting Nazarbayev, Nursultan, 322, 362 neformalye (informal groups), 112 Nemtsov, Boris, 16, 17, 22, 117 nepotism, 224 New People (party), 20 NGOs. See nongovernmental organizations Nikolayev, Vladimir, 204 NMG. See National Media Group
436 Index Nobel Brothers Petroleum Company, 382 nomenklatura, 34n8 nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), 3-4, 111, 113-18, 127-29, 139, 230, 242ո45, 278, 340, 359; financing of, 113-18, 121, 130, 133n20, 133n21; “foreign agent” status, 47, 90, 105n20, 122-23, 146, 162n25, 229, 232; government-organized (“GONGO”), 114; socially oriented (“SONGO”), 117-18 Nord Stream I and II, 337, 347, 390, 397-98, 400-401 Normandy accords, 278, 344 Nortgaz, 385 North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), expansion of, 275, 281-85, 300-301, 306, 317, 320 North Caucasus, 22, 47, 69, 74, 78, 80, 81, 146, 199, 203, 204, 222, 306, 418 North Korea, 200, 205, 357-59 North Ossetia, 63, 72, 146, 293n24, 306 Novatek, 385, 393 novichok, 25-26, 37n48, 19 Novodvorskaia, Valeria, 221 NTV, 142, 144-46, 147, 151, 162nl4 nuclear weapons, 13, 270-71, 273-74, 280, 285, 288, 290, 318, 324, 346, 358-59, 408,410,412,414 Obama, Barack, 115, 276, 280, 281, 282 OBOR. See One Belt One Road oil, 64, 74, 337; pipelines, 361, 389-92; prices, 44, 48, 66, 146, 148, 170-71, 174, 179-83, 195, 275, 278, 313-14, 381, 383, 387, 392-93, 400, 408, 411; privatization/de-privatization, 42, 335, 384-89, 394; sanctions, 46, 348-49, 399—402; Soviet Union and, 11, 382-83; taxation of, 171-72, 177 okrugs. See federal districts oligarchs, v, 3, 43, 44, 47, 54, 143-45, 148, 171, 185, 193, 195,207, 274, 284, 386, 393-94; Ukrainian, 311 Olympic Games, 78 One Belt One Road (OBOR), 362 ONF. See All-Russia People’s Front Orange Revolution. See Ukrain Orban, Victor, 334, 338, 340 Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), 147,
163n26 organized crime, 193-99, 201-7, 210Ո13,218Ո111 Orthodox Church, Russian, 6-7, 118, 223, 225, 236 OSCE. See Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe Ostpolitik, 338, 401 Panama Papers, 196, 206 pandemic. See COVID-19 Pandora Papers, 196, 203, 206 Panetta, Leon, 415 Parfyonov, Leonid, 151 parliament, Russian, 7, 17, 19, 26, 42, 44, 48, 144, 150, 16Խ12, 276. See also Federation Council; State Duma Pärt, Arvo, 13 Pashinyan, Nikol, 322 patriotism, 54, 186 patronage relations, 62,228,229 Patrushev, Nikolai, 31, 61, 289, 297n88 pensions and pension reform, 45, 69, 78, 118, 156, 172, 184-85, 223,228 Penza, 74 perestroika, 15, 16, 18, 21, 35n27, 44, 51,87, 234 petrodollars, 393, 399 plenipotentiary presidential representative (polpred), 67-69, 70, 73 pluralism, 6, 16, 19, 23, 39, 52, 54, 121, 143,300,311 Poklonskaya, Natalia, 228 Poland, 62, 285, 289, 334, 339, 341, 342, 345, 348, 349, 390, 401 political parties, Russian, 3, 6, 7, 17, 20, 24, 42, 46, 48, 64, 66,71,
Index 83nl3,114, 137nl04, 228,385. See also Communist Party of the Russian Federation; A Just Russia; Liberal Democratic Party of Russia; United Russia political prisoners, 9,15, 21, 36n35, 37n46, 99-101 Politkovskaia, Anna, 221 polpred. See plenipotentiary presidential representative populism, 171, 225, 332, 339, 345 poverty, 19, 44, 169, 185-86, 222, 247, 258, 266n67, 325 Power of Siberia (pipeline), 361, 401 PPP. See purchasing power parity Pravda, Ί, 112 pravovoe gosudarstvo (law-governed state), 85, 87, 102, 105nl5 prerogative states, 41-42 Presidential Administration (PA), 19, 20, 24, 34nl, 47, 74 presidential grants, 115-16, 118, 121 Prigozhin, Yevgeny, 279 Primakov, Yevgeny, 144, 169, 272, 282, 292Ո12 Prisoner of the Mountains, 16 private law firms, 102 private military companies (ChVK or PMC), 413-14 privatization, 15, 32, 42-43, 47, 51, 170, 185, 196, 206, 313; energy sector, 47, 105nl7, 382, 384-89; housing, 15, 185 production sharing agreements (PSAs), 387, 391,395-96 Pro Feminism (Za Feminizm), 231 propaganda, 139, 149, 155, 158, 222, 232, 235,270,317,318,344, 411,413,415 prostitution, 200, 232 protests, 18, 40, 53-54, 75-76, 78, 81, 100, 114-30, 204, 223, 232-35, 274,308-9,315-16, 322, 324, 332, 343-45, 359; electoral fraud and, 44, 46, 73, 115-16, 128, 231, 437 276; journalists and, 153, 155, 157, 162nl4; Navalny-inspired, 23-27, 99-100, 119, 156-57, 194; repressive measures against, 21-23, 31, 99, 116-17, 119, 123-24, 127-29, 140֊ 41, 155-56, 159, 231, 242n50, 277, 319; Soviet-era, 10,12, 35nl7. See also “color revolutions” Protosevich, Roman, 316 PSAs. See
production sharing agreements Public Chamber of the Russian Federation, 114-15, 121, 132nl6, 133n20, 133n29, 329 public opinion, 12, 36n44, 42, 74, 87, 92, 97-98, 107n31, 113, 120, 152, 158, 159, 162Ո14, 162n23, 250, 311,314,317 purchasing power parity (PPP), 360, 411 purges, 7-8 Pussy Riot, 22, 99, 221, 223, 232֊ 33, 235, 237 Putin, Vladimir. See specific topics Putinism, 39, 81 raiding (reiderstvo). See corporate raiding Rakhimov, Murtaza, 73 regional economic councils (sovnarkhozy), 10, 70 regional leaders. See governors Remler, Philip, 282 reserve fund, 399 RIA-Novosti, 154 Rogozhkin, Alexander, 34n6 Romania, 77, 305, 341, 349 Rosatom, 340 Rose Revolution. See Georgia Rosneft, 42, 47, 156, 361, 386-87, 394, 396-97, 400 Rosneftegaz, 386 Rosstekh. See Russian Technologies Royal Dutch Shell, 387 Rozman, Gilbert, 356, 372 RT. See Russia Today
438 Index ruble, 28, 169-70, 173-77, 181, 187, 205, 251,312,313,381,401, rule of law, 4, 22, 28, 41^13, 49, 51, 52, 57, 68, 85-89, 99, 101, 103, 195, 202, 339—40, 348 Russia. See specific topics Russian Orthodox Church, 6-7, 223, 225,229, 231,236 Russian Security Council, 31, 61, 67, 230, 285, 289, 408 Russian Statistical Agency (Rosstat), 69, 174í, 249í, 256í Russian Supreme Court, 21, 91, 93, 93/ 94, 96, 98 Russian Technologies (Rosstekh), 47 Russia Today (RT), 315, 332, 415 Rutskoi, Alexander, 17, 64, 292n8 Saakashvili, Mikhail, 307, 327nl2, 311, 328n22, 417 Sakha. See Yakutia Sakhalin, 74, 387, 395, 396-97 Sakhalin I and II oil and gas field, 387, 395 Sakharov, Andrei, 13, 15 samobytnosť (native traditions), 53 Samotlor, 382, 399 sanctions. See economic sanctions Schnittke, Alfred, 13 Scholz, Olaf, 338, 346, 349 SCO. See Shanghai Cooperation Organization Sechin, Igor, 361, 394, 397 Second Chechen War. See Chechnya Segodnia (Today), 142 separation of powers, 45 separatists and separatism, 199, 231, 271, 277, 303-6, 309, 318, 328Ո16, 328Ո17 Serbia, 271-73, 304, 324 Serdiukov, Anatoly, 226, 409 Sevastopol, 63, 76, 78, 309, 317,406,418 Severodvinsk, 388 Shaimiev, Mintimir, 73 Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), 333, 356, 371 Shestun, Alexander, 83nl7 Shevardnadze, Eduard, 35n27, 307 Shevchuk, Yuri, 13 Shoigu, Sergei, 31, 411 short-term ruble-denominated government debt (GKOs), 169 Siberia, 10, 24, 80, 116, 119, 177, 196, 202, 203-4, 205, 207, 256, 361, 363, 382-83, 388, 391, 395, 400-401 Sibur petrochemical complex, 361, 363 Silk Road, 362-65 siloviki, 23, 44, 47, 51,
53, 67, 226, 316, 361 Sindeeva, Natalia, 151 Singapore, 34n4, 45 Skripal, Sergei, 25, 283, 339 Slutski, Leonid, 234 small business, 29, 66, 254, 385 “smart voting,” 27-28, 128 Sobchak, Anatoly, 16, 18-19, 39, 301 Sobchak, Ksenia, 221, 227 Sobyanin, Sergei, 24, 75 social benefits, 94, 185 social contract, 48-49 social media/networks, 22, 75, 100, 120, 128-29, 139, 140, 149, 152, 153, 154, 231-33, 237, 279, 283, 286, 310, 332, 338, 344,415 social movements, 123-26 soft power, 320, 324-25, 346, 359, 370, 398 Solzhenitsyn, Alexander, 10, 13 South China Sea, 357, 365 South Ossetia, 275, 305-8, 311, 323, 324,417-18 sovereignty, 77, 271-72, 275, 278, 283-84, 289, 301-2, 316, 320, 324, 331, 335, 340, 351Ո16, 357, 358, 365, 372, 373, 415; economic, 170, 173; “limited sovereignty,” 299300, 341, 417-19; regional-level, 63; “sovereign democracy,” 49; “sovereign internet,” 158
Index Soviet Union (USSR), 3-19; civil society, 112; collapse of, 17, 44, 49, 155, 301-6; corruption, 28-29; economy, 11, 15, 29, 35nl4, 171-72, 181, 188, 204; energy exports, 382-84, 389; foreign policy, 12, 269, 282, 299-300, 357, 373, 407; human rights, 12-13, 34nll; legal system, 86-87, 99; nationalities, 62-63, 304; political system, 2-3, 16-19, 33nl, 34n5, 34n8, 79, 141, 151; women, 221-22. See also Communist Party of the Soviet Union sovnarkhozy (regional economic councils), 10-11 Sputnik (media), 332, 415 sputnik (satellite), 10 Sputnik-V (vaccine), 30, 76 SR {Spravedlivaya Rossiya). See A Just Russia stability, 3, 5, 11, 22, 49, 55-57, 73, 127, 159, 183, 245-46, 255, 259, 332, 345-46, 349, 356-59, 371, 416,418,420 “stagnation period,” 14, 43 Stalin, Joseph (Stalinism), 5-9, 11,16, 21, 25, 27, 28-29, 32, 34n9, 37n51, 37n54, 40, 48, 62, 77, 99-100, 104n2, 223, 237, 246, 286, 299, 304, 327n2. See also de-Stalinization Starbucks, 189 Stasi (East Germany), 18, 21, 36n29 State Duma, 17, 22, 45, 64, 74, 79, 89, 122, 137Ո104, 227, 232, 248, 260, 311; elections to, 17, 20, 23, 26-28, 48, 72, 73, 116, 119, 127-28, 147, 155,227-28, 312, 385; women in, 223, 228-29, 230/, 234 state ministries, 6, 10-11, 20, 64, 67, 69-71, 228 Stent, Angela, 419 St. Petersburg (formerly Leningrad), 32, 63, 76, 126, 222, 232, 233, 237, 254, 279, 371; crime in, 203, 205; 439 protests, 116-17; Putin in, 9, 18-19, 29, 39, 47,61,89, 393 super-presidential system, 45, 51 Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, 21, 81, 93, 93/, 96, 98 Sverdlovsk. See Yekaterinburg Syria, 225, 269, 278, 346, 358, 409,
412-14,418-19, 420 Taiwan, 357 Tajikistan, 199, 321, 325, 363, 369-71,407 Tarkovsky, Andrei, 10, 35nl6 Tatar Mejlis, 78 Tatarstan republic, 63, 64, 73, 76, 203 Telegram (social media), 27, 158, 165n52 ‘Telephone law,” 86, 90, 99 Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD), 358-59 terrorism, 36n39, 70, 78, 90, 97, 27374, 277, 286,316 Terrorism, Transnational Crime and Corruption Center (TraCCC), 195 THAAD. See Terminal High Altitude Area Defense “the thaw” (ottepeľ), 9-11, 12, 14, 18 The Thief, 16 Tikhanovskaya, Svetlana, 315-16 Tikhanovsky, Sergei, 314, 316 Timchenko, Galina, 154 TNK-BP, 361, 388, 395-96 Tokayev, Kassym-Jomart, 322 TraCCC. See Terrorism, Transnational Crime and Corruption Center Trans-Caspian Pipeline (TCP), 391 Trans-Siberian Railroad, 204, 363 Trotsky, Leon, 7-8 Trump, Donald, 279, 285, 327Ո14, 320, 345 Turkey (Türkiye), 253, 305, 321,337, 391 Turkmenistan, 199, 321, 364, 370-71, 385, 390-92 Tuva republic, 80
440 Index TN Ram{Dozhď), 151, 154, 158 Twitter, 139, 158 Tyumen oblast, 382 Udmurtia republic, 74 Uglava, Gizo, 311 Ukraine: 2014 war, 44, 53, 140-41, 155, 203, 225, 232, 268, 277-78, 303, 308-12, 413, 414-15, 417; 2022 Russian invasion of, v, 31-32, 56-57, 98, 129-30, 139, 159, 161nl, 187-89, 236-38, 252, 259, 289-90, 299, 301, 317-21, 324-26, 405, 411-15, 419-20; crime in, 203; Donetsk People’s Republic (“DNR”), 77, 309, 318, 328nl6; energy politics and, 180, 337, 343, 385, 389-90, 397; EU and, 331, 333-34, 335, 338, 339, 341, 343-49; language issue, 308, 325; Lugansk People’s Republic (“LNR”), 77, 309, 318, 328nl6; nuclear weapons, 271; oligarchs, 311; Orange revolution, 49, 114, 146, 273, 308, 359, 417; Party of Regions, 319, 343; protests in, 277; Soviet period, 246, 302; Yanukovych, overthrow of, 46, 277, 308-9, 359. See also Crimea Umbrella Revolution (Hong Kong), 359 unemployment, 75, 81, 169, 189, 206 Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). See Soviet Union United Nations Security Council, 316, 324,358 United Russia (UR), 20, 27, 32, 48, 72, 73, 81, 89, 225, 255, 312; creation of, 48; regional organizations, 68, 71-72, 73, 204 United States, 8, 27, 31, 38n60, 92, 116, 155, 158, 182, 185, 194, 199, 206, 251, 262n3, 313, 320, 322, 324, 332, 337, 339, 344-46, 356-57, 359, 360, 373, 375nl2, 388, 401, 410, 417; election interference, 279; relations with, 77, 212n35, 228, 269-90, 294n53, 300-301, 304, 311, 335, 419; “reset,” 276, 280, 288; sanctions/countersanctions, 181, 252, 280, 287, 289, 323-24 UR. See United Russia Urals, 203^4 Usmanov, Alisher, 149, 154
Ustinov, Dmitry, 31 USSR. See Soviet Union Uzbekistan, 199, 321, 325, 364, 370, 391-92 The Vagina Monologues (Ensler), 232 Venezuela, 278 “veto player,” 4, 34n3 vezhlivye liūdi (“polite people”), 30910. See also “little green men” VGTRK. See All-Russian State Radio and Television Company Vinokurov, Alexander, 151 VKontakte (VK), 149, 152 Vladimir oblast, v, 74 Vladivostok, 115, 119, 204, 279, 371, 395 Volkov, Vadim, 202 Wagner group, 328n25, 413-14 war crimes, 324 Warsaw Pact, 299, 321 wealth distribution, 30, 42-43, 185-86. See also inequality Window to Paris, 16 women: in legislatures, 230/ in politics, 227-30; Soviet Union and, 221-22; trafficking of, 195-96, 197, 199-200, 222; World War II and, 222, 237 Womenation, 231 World Bank, 43, 364r World Trade Organization (WTO), 53, 247, 252, 337 World War II, 9, 198, 270, 277, 289, 299, 308, 309, 343, 348, 415 World Wildlife Fund (WWF), 115 WTO. See World Trade Organization WWF. See World Wildlife Fund
Index xenophobia, 8, 322, 332, 368 Xi Jinping, 355, 362, 364, 370, 372, 375nl2 Yakutia (Sakha) republic, 64, 74 yakuza, 202 Yalta Accords, 277, 284, 301, 327n2 Yanukovych, Viktor, 44, 46, 76, 277, 308-9, 315, 317, 319, 327nl4, 34345, 347, 359, 397, 420 Yarovaia, Irina, 228-29 Yekaterinburg (formerly Sverdlovsk), 15, 213, 279 Yeltsin, Boris, 5/, 14-19; democracy and, 41, 50, 292n8, 301; economy and, 169-74, 178, 185; energy policy, 385-89; foreign policy, 27073, 302, 331; legal system, Russia and, 87-88; mass media under, 141-43; military policy, 406-8, 416; regional leaders and, 47, 61, 62-66, 78-79 YouTube, 23, 25, 26, 27, 157, 159 Yuganskneftegaz, 394 Yugoslavia, 269, 271-72, 273, 277, 304, 324, 339 Yukos oil company, 386; destruction of, 42, 47,51,90, 335,394; ExxonMobil and, 388 Yushchenko, Viktor, 308 Yves Roche, 24 Za Feminizm (Pro Feminism), 231 Zelensky, Vladimir, 312, 318 Zeman, Miloš, 338 Zubarevich, Natalia, 80 Zyuganov, Gennady, 17 441 |
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| discipline | Politologie Geschichte |
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| genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| geographic | Russia (Federation) Politics and government 1991- Russia (Federation) Foreign relations Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Russia (Federation) Politics and government 1991- Russia (Federation) Foreign relations Russland |
| id | DE-604.BV048411189 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T20:24:48Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:37:28Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781538148686 9781538148679 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033789644 |
| oclc_num | 1346084807 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-188 DE-521 DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-188 DE-521 DE-12 |
| physical | vi, 448 Seiten |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20220816 |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateSearch | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | Rowman & Littlefield |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Putin's Russia edited by Darrell Slider ; with Stephen K. Wegren Eighth edition Lanham ; Boulder ; New York ; London Rowman & Littlefield [2023] © 2023 vi, 448 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Putin, Vladimir Vladimirovich 1952- Political and social views Geschichte 2000-2017 gnd rswk-swf Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 gnd rswk-swf Internationale Politik (DE-588)4072885-7 gnd rswk-swf Innenpolitik (DE-588)4027058-0 gnd rswk-swf Gesellschaft (DE-588)4020588-5 gnd rswk-swf Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 gnd rswk-swf Russia (Federation) Politics and government 1991- Russia (Federation) Foreign relations Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 g Innenpolitik (DE-588)4027058-0 s Gesellschaft (DE-588)4020588-5 s Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 s Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 s Internationale Politik (DE-588)4072885-7 s Geschichte 2000-2017 z DE-604 Slider, Darrell (DE-588)170290166 edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, EPUB 978-1-5381-4869-3 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033789644&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033789644&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Putin's Russia Putin, Vladimir Vladimirovich 1952- Political and social views Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 gnd Internationale Politik (DE-588)4072885-7 gnd Innenpolitik (DE-588)4027058-0 gnd Gesellschaft (DE-588)4020588-5 gnd Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4003846-4 (DE-588)4072885-7 (DE-588)4027058-0 (DE-588)4020588-5 (DE-588)4066399-1 (DE-588)4076899-5 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Putin's Russia |
| title_auth | Putin's Russia |
| title_exact_search | Putin's Russia |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Putin's Russia |
| title_full | Putin's Russia edited by Darrell Slider ; with Stephen K. Wegren |
| title_fullStr | Putin's Russia edited by Darrell Slider ; with Stephen K. Wegren |
| title_full_unstemmed | Putin's Russia edited by Darrell Slider ; with Stephen K. Wegren |
| title_short | Putin's Russia |
| title_sort | putin s russia |
| topic | Putin, Vladimir Vladimirovich 1952- Political and social views Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 gnd Internationale Politik (DE-588)4072885-7 gnd Innenpolitik (DE-588)4027058-0 gnd Gesellschaft (DE-588)4020588-5 gnd Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Putin, Vladimir Vladimirovich 1952- Political and social views Außenpolitik Internationale Politik Innenpolitik Gesellschaft Wirtschaft Russia (Federation) Politics and government 1991- Russia (Federation) Foreign relations Russland Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033789644&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033789644&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sliderdarrell putinsrussia |