Growth and Reforms in Latin America: A Survey of Facts and Arguments
This paper presents a number of facts about growth in Latin America, and shows how critical correlates of growth have evolved over time. In comparison with other regions, Latin America has consistently exhibited higher macroeconomic volatility, lower openness, and higher income inequality, though op...
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Washington, D.C
International Monetary Fund
2006
|
Schriftenreihe: | IMF Working Papers
Working Paper No. 06/210 |
Online-Zugang: | UBW01 UEI01 LCO01 SBR01 UER01 SBG01 UBG01 FAN01 UBT01 FKE01 UBY01 UBA01 FLA01 UBM01 UPA01 UBR01 FHA01 FNU01 BSB01 TUM01 Volltext |
Zusammenfassung: | This paper presents a number of facts about growth in Latin America, and shows how critical correlates of growth have evolved over time. In comparison with other regions, Latin America has consistently exhibited higher macroeconomic volatility, lower openness, and higher income inequality, though openness and macroeconomic stability have improved since the early 1990s. The paper then discusses three views of why reforms have not led to higher growth in Latin America: that reforms have gone too far; that reforms have not gone far enough; and that reforms have missed the point |
Beschreibung: | 1 Online-Ressource (38 p) |
ISBN: | 1451864701 9781451864700 |
Internformat
MARC
LEADER | 00000nmm a2200000 cb4500 | ||
---|---|---|---|
001 | BV048347284 | ||
003 | DE-604 | ||
005 | 00000000000000.0 | ||
007 | cr|uuu---uuuuu | ||
008 | 220713s2006 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d | ||
020 | |a 1451864701 |c 18.00 USD |9 1-451-86470-1 | ||
020 | |a 9781451864700 |c 18.00 USD |9 978-1-451-86470-0 | ||
035 | |a (ZDB-1-IMF)845870157 | ||
035 | |a (OCoLC)1337139193 | ||
035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV048347284 | ||
040 | |a DE-604 |b ger | ||
041 | 0 | |a eng | |
049 | |a DE-20 |a DE-824 |a DE-70 |a DE-155 |a DE-29 |a DE-22 |a DE-473 |a DE-1102 |a DE-703 |a DE-859 |a DE-706 |a DE-384 |a DE-860 |a DE-19 |a DE-739 |a DE-355 |a DE-Aug4 |a DE-1049 |a DE-12 |a DE-91 | ||
100 | 1 | |a Zettelmeyer, Jeromin |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
245 | 1 | 0 | |a Growth and Reforms in Latin America |b A Survey of Facts and Arguments |c Zettelmeyer, Jeromin |
264 | 1 | |a Washington, D.C |b International Monetary Fund |c 2006 | |
300 | |a 1 Online-Ressource (38 p) | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
490 | 0 | |a IMF Working Papers |v Working Paper No. 06/210 | |
520 | 3 | |a This paper presents a number of facts about growth in Latin America, and shows how critical correlates of growth have evolved over time. In comparison with other regions, Latin America has consistently exhibited higher macroeconomic volatility, lower openness, and higher income inequality, though openness and macroeconomic stability have improved since the early 1990s. The paper then discusses three views of why reforms have not led to higher growth in Latin America: that reforms have gone too far; that reforms have not gone far enough; and that reforms have missed the point | |
533 | |a Online-Ausg | ||
856 | 4 | 0 | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |x Verlag |z URL des Erstveröffentlichers |3 Volltext |
912 | |a ZDB-1-IMF | ||
999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033726552 | ||
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l UBW01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l UEI01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l LCO01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l SBR01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l UER01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l SBG01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l UBG01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l FAN01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l UBT01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l FKE01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l UBY01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l UBA01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l FLA01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l UBM01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l UPA01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l UBR01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l FHA01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l FNU01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l BSB01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |l TUM01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext |
Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804184198051790848 |
---|---|
adam_txt | |
any_adam_object | |
any_adam_object_boolean | |
author | Zettelmeyer, Jeromin |
author_facet | Zettelmeyer, Jeromin |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Zettelmeyer, Jeromin |
author_variant | j z jz |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV048347284 |
collection | ZDB-1-IMF |
ctrlnum | (ZDB-1-IMF)845870157 (OCoLC)1337139193 (DE-599)BVBBV048347284 |
format | Electronic eBook |
fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>04951nmm a2200577 cb4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV048347284</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">00000000000000.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr|uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">220713s2006 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1451864701</subfield><subfield code="c">18.00 USD</subfield><subfield code="9">1-451-86470-1</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781451864700</subfield><subfield code="c">18.00 USD</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-451-86470-0</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ZDB-1-IMF)845870157</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1337139193</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV048347284</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-20</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-824</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-70</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-155</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-29</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-22</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-473</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-1102</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-703</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-859</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-706</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-384</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-860</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-19</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-739</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-355</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-Aug4</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-1049</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-91</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zettelmeyer, Jeromin</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Growth and Reforms in Latin America</subfield><subfield code="b">A Survey of Facts and Arguments</subfield><subfield code="c">Zettelmeyer, Jeromin</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Washington, D.C</subfield><subfield code="b">International Monetary Fund</subfield><subfield code="c">2006</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 Online-Ressource (38 p)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">IMF Working Papers</subfield><subfield code="v">Working Paper No. 06/210</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">This paper presents a number of facts about growth in Latin America, and shows how critical correlates of growth have evolved over time. In comparison with other regions, Latin America has consistently exhibited higher macroeconomic volatility, lower openness, and higher income inequality, though openness and macroeconomic stability have improved since the early 1990s. The paper then discusses three views of why reforms have not led to higher growth in Latin America: that reforms have gone too far; that reforms have not gone far enough; and that reforms have missed the point</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="533" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ausg</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="z">URL des Erstveröffentlichers</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033726552</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UBW01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UEI01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">LCO01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">SBR01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UER01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">SBG01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UBG01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">FAN01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UBT01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">FKE01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UBY01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UBA01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">FLA01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UBM01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UPA01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UBR01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">FHA01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">FNU01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">BSB01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">TUM01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
id | DE-604.BV048347284 |
illustrated | Not Illustrated |
index_date | 2024-07-03T20:13:23Z |
indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:35:31Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 1451864701 9781451864700 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033726552 |
oclc_num | 1337139193 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-20 DE-824 DE-70 DE-155 DE-BY-UBR DE-29 DE-22 DE-BY-UBG DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-1102 DE-703 DE-859 DE-706 DE-384 DE-860 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-739 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-Aug4 DE-1049 DE-12 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM |
owner_facet | DE-20 DE-824 DE-70 DE-155 DE-BY-UBR DE-29 DE-22 DE-BY-UBG DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-1102 DE-703 DE-859 DE-706 DE-384 DE-860 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-739 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-Aug4 DE-1049 DE-12 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM |
physical | 1 Online-Ressource (38 p) |
psigel | ZDB-1-IMF |
publishDate | 2006 |
publishDateSearch | 2006 |
publishDateSort | 2006 |
publisher | International Monetary Fund |
record_format | marc |
series2 | IMF Working Papers |
spelling | Zettelmeyer, Jeromin Verfasser aut Growth and Reforms in Latin America A Survey of Facts and Arguments Zettelmeyer, Jeromin Washington, D.C International Monetary Fund 2006 1 Online-Ressource (38 p) txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier IMF Working Papers Working Paper No. 06/210 This paper presents a number of facts about growth in Latin America, and shows how critical correlates of growth have evolved over time. In comparison with other regions, Latin America has consistently exhibited higher macroeconomic volatility, lower openness, and higher income inequality, though openness and macroeconomic stability have improved since the early 1990s. The paper then discusses three views of why reforms have not led to higher growth in Latin America: that reforms have gone too far; that reforms have not gone far enough; and that reforms have missed the point Online-Ausg http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml Verlag URL des Erstveröffentlichers Volltext |
spellingShingle | Zettelmeyer, Jeromin Growth and Reforms in Latin America A Survey of Facts and Arguments |
title | Growth and Reforms in Latin America A Survey of Facts and Arguments |
title_auth | Growth and Reforms in Latin America A Survey of Facts and Arguments |
title_exact_search | Growth and Reforms in Latin America A Survey of Facts and Arguments |
title_exact_search_txtP | Growth and Reforms in Latin America A Survey of Facts and Arguments |
title_full | Growth and Reforms in Latin America A Survey of Facts and Arguments Zettelmeyer, Jeromin |
title_fullStr | Growth and Reforms in Latin America A Survey of Facts and Arguments Zettelmeyer, Jeromin |
title_full_unstemmed | Growth and Reforms in Latin America A Survey of Facts and Arguments Zettelmeyer, Jeromin |
title_short | Growth and Reforms in Latin America |
title_sort | growth and reforms in latin america a survey of facts and arguments |
title_sub | A Survey of Facts and Arguments |
url | http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700/02952-9781451864700.xml |
work_keys_str_mv | AT zettelmeyerjeromin growthandreformsinlatinamericaasurveyoffactsandarguments |