The decline of the French passé simple:
Introduction -- Language evolution -- Once upon a time ... there was the PS -- Favourable factors for PS use in contemporary French -- The not so simple PS -- Substitutes for PS in contemporary French -- Methodology for the corpus analysis -- The PS across modes in contemporary French -- The PS in m...
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Leiden ; Boston
Brill
2022
|
Schriftenreihe: | Empirical approaches to linguistic theory
volume 18 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
Zusammenfassung: | Introduction -- Language evolution -- Once upon a time ... there was the PS -- Favourable factors for PS use in contemporary French -- The not so simple PS -- Substitutes for PS in contemporary French -- Methodology for the corpus analysis -- The PS across modes in contemporary French -- The PS in micro-diachrony -- Conclusions "The disappearance of the French simple past has been hotly debated since the early 20th century. This volume offers an overview of its fortunes since French emerged as a language, provides a description of its distinctive features, and discusses the potential impact of its supposed demise on the whole French verb system. These assumptions are tested against a large corpus of contemporary texts. The study concludes that, despite the erosion of its meaning and its increasingly infrequent use, the simple past tense is still used by native speakers in various contexts, and no single substitute has yet emerged. Nevertheless, the simple past may be evolving into a stylistic marker, making it fertile ground for future cross-linguistic studies"-- |
Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references |
Beschreibung: | xxiv, 474 Seiten Diagramme |
ISBN: | 9789004510326 |
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Contents Foreword xiii Preface: Chronicle of a Death Foretold List of Figures and Tables xv Abbreviations xxn xiv Introduction i i A Story Needs to Be in the Past Historic. Otherwise, Nobody Knows It’s a Story. i շ A Not So Simple Past. 3 3 The Future of This Past. 5 1 Language Evolution 9 1 Introduction 9 2 Stages of Language Evolution 11 2.1 General Framework 12 2.2 Stages ofLanguage Evolution 13 3 Innovation 14 3.1 Natural Phenomena 15 3.2 Artefactual Phenomena 16 3.3 Phenomena of the Third Kind yj 4 Propagation 18 4.1 Language Learning 18 4.2 Social Networks 22 5 Mechanisms for Language Evolution 23 5.1 Phonetic Change 24 5.2 Borrowing 25 5.3 Semantic Change 25 5.4 Reanalysis 26 5.5 Analogy 27 5.6 Grammaticalisation 28 5.7 Lexicalisation 30 6 Results of Language Change 30 6.1 Modification of the Stock of Units and Notions 30 6.2 Disappearance ofForms and Distinctions 30 6.3 System Simplification 31 6.4 Changes in the System Hierarchy 31 7 Evolution in the Domain of the Past 31 8 A ‘Dia-Modeľ of Evolution and Change 34
VIII 2 Once Upon a Time. There Was the PS 36 1 From Latin to French 39 2 In Old French 44 3 In Middle French 59 4 In Classical French 66 5 In Modern French 75 6 Conclusions on the Diachronic Evolution of the ps CONTENTS 83 3 Favourable Factors for ps Use in Contemporary French 88 1 Age Grading (Personal Diachronie) 88 2 Geographical Variation (Diatopie) 89 3 Social Variation (Diastratie) 91 4 Gender Variation (Diagénie) 93 5 Variation according to the Medium (Diamésie) 94 5.1 Medium and Modes 96 5.1.1 The Modes of Speech 96 5.1.2 The Modes of Writing 97 5.2 Modes and the ps 98 6 Variation across the Context of Use (Diaphasie) 100 6.1 Literature 100 6.2 Journalistic Language 104 6.2.1 Sport Reports 110 6.2.2 Advertisement 111 6.2.3 Faits Divers 117 6.2.4 Obituaries 118 6.3 History 121 7 Cotextual Variation 125 7.1 Syntax 125 7.1.1 Adverbials 126 7.1.2 Passive/Active 126 7.1.3 Polarity 127 7.1.4 Type of Clause 127 7.2 Morphology 129 7.2.1 Person and Number 129 7.2.2 Syllabic Length 132 7.2.3 Irregularity 132 7.3 Phonetic Factors 133 7.4 Lexical Factors 134 7.5 Semantic Factors 134
IX CONTENTS 8 Conclusion on the Diachronie Evolution of PS 135 8.1 The Position ofPS in CoF 135 8.2 The Evolution of the ps throughout the History ofFrench 136 4 The Not So Simple PS 139 1 Previous Descriptions of the PS 139 1.1 Textual Approaches 139 1.1.1 Hamburger 140 1.1.2 Benveniste 143 1.1.3 Weinrich 146 1.1.4 Conclusions on Textual Approaches 148 1.2 Discursive Approaches 150 1.3 Aspectual Approaches 154 1.4 Temporal Approaches 155 1.4.1 Reichenbach’s System 155 1.4.2 The Forerunners 158 1.4.3 Contemporary Extensions of the Point System 161 1.4.4 Conclusions on Point of Reference Systems 165 1.5 Temporo-Aspectual Approaches in the French Tradition 165 1.5.1 Damourette Pichon 165 1.5.2 Guillaume 168 1.5.3 Neo-Guillaumian Models 170 1.6 Neo-Reichenbachian Descriptions of the French Verbal System 175 1.6.1 Apothéloz (2017) 175 1.6.2 Gosselin (1996,2005,2017, in Press) 178 1.6.3 Azzopardi Bres (2017) 181 2 Defining the Specific Profile of the ps 185 2.1 Toolsfor a Model of the Verbal System 185 2.2 The Profile of the PS Zn Langue: A Global Perspective Past 189 2.3 The Use of the ps in Discours in Contemporary French 191 3 Conclusion 195 5 Substitutes for ps in Contemporary French 1 The Past Connection 198 1.1 Imparfait (imp) 198 1.2 Passé Composé (pc) 208 1.3 Plus-que-parfait (pqp) 212 1.4 Passé Surcomposé (psc) 218 1.5 Futur Antérieur (fa) 224 196
x CONTENTS 2 3 4 Going Global 230 2.1 Présent (pres') 230 2.2 Futur Simple (fs) 233 2.3 Conditionnel (conD ) 237 Looking Forward 239 3.1 Futur Périphrastique (fp) 240 3.2 Futur Périphrastique du Passé (fpp) 3.3 Devait + Infinitive 244 Conclusion 251 242 6 Methodology for the Corpus Analysis 252 1 Introduction 252 2 Methodology 253 3 Corpus 255 3.1 Justification of the Choice 255 3.2 Presentation of the Corpora 258 Modes of Speech (Conversing) 258 3-2-1 Modes of Speech (Monologuing) 262 3-2-2 Modes of Speech (Reciting) 264 3-2-3 Modes of Speech (Speaking of What Is Written) 265 3-2-4 Modes of Writing (Writing to Be Read Silently) 266 3-2-5 4 Opening 270 7 The PS across Modes in Contemporary French 271 1 Modes of Speech (Conversing) 271 1.1 Sociolinguistic Interviews 272 1.2 Chat Shaws 275 1.3 Sports Commentary 276 1.4 Conclusions on the Use ofps in Conversing 283 2 Modes of Speech (Monologuing) 283 2.1 News Bulletins 283 2.2 Fairy tales 286 3 Modes of Speech (Reciting): Néo-contes 294 4 Modes of Speech (Speaking of What Is Written) 295 4.1 Documentaries 296 4.2 Speeches 304
XI CONTENTS 5 6 Modes of Writing 309 5.1 Obituaries Corpus 311 5.1.1 Synchronic Corpus 312 5.1.2 Diachronic Corpus 328 5.1.3 Conclusions on the Use of Tenses in Obituaries 337 5.2 Sports Reports 338 5.2.1 The Story So Far 339 5.2.2 The PS in Reports of the 2010 World Cup Final 341 5.3 The Use of Tenses in the ‘Written to Be Read’Mode: A Question of Mode, of Genre or ofPersonal Choice ? 357 The Actual Use of the PS across Modes 360 8 The PS in Micro-Diachrony 363 1 Presentation of the Corpus 364 2 Corpus Le Monde 367 3 Corpus L’Humanité 384 4 Corpus Le Soir 401 5 Corpus La Libre Belgique 412 6 Conclusions on Sports Reports in Micro-Diachrony 423 9 Conclusions 431 1 Chronicle of a Death Foretold 431 2 Some Hundred Years of Decrepitude? 431 2.1 A BriefHistory of the Tense 432 2.2 The PS in CoF: Quantitative Considerations 433 2.3 The ps in CoF: Qualitative Considerations 434 2.4 The ps in System 435 3 Living to Tell the Tale 436 4 On the Day They Were Going to Kill It? 440 References 443 Index of Concepts 465
The disappearance of the French simple past has been hotly debated since the early 20th century. This volume offers an overview of its fortunes since French emerged as a language, provides a description of its distinctive features, and discusses the potential impact of its supposed demise on the whole French verb svstem. These assumptions are tested against a large corpus of contemporary texts. The stuck concludes that, despite the erosion of its meaning and its increasingly infrequent use, the simple past tense is still used b\ native speakers in various contexts, and no single substitute has vet emerged. Xe\ ertheless, the simple past max be e\ olving into a stylistic marker, making it tertile ground for future cross-linguistic studies. |
adam_txt |
Contents Foreword xiii Preface: Chronicle of a Death Foretold List of Figures and Tables xv Abbreviations xxn xiv Introduction i i A Story Needs to Be in the Past Historic. Otherwise, Nobody Knows It’s a Story. i շ A Not So Simple Past. 3 3 The Future of This Past. 5 1 Language Evolution 9 1 Introduction 9 2 Stages of Language Evolution 11 2.1 General Framework 12 2.2 Stages ofLanguage Evolution 13 3 Innovation 14 3.1 Natural Phenomena 15 3.2 Artefactual Phenomena 16 3.3 Phenomena of the Third Kind yj 4 Propagation 18 4.1 Language Learning 18 4.2 Social Networks 22 5 Mechanisms for Language Evolution 23 5.1 Phonetic Change 24 5.2 Borrowing 25 5.3 Semantic Change 25 5.4 Reanalysis 26 5.5 Analogy 27 5.6 Grammaticalisation 28 5.7 Lexicalisation 30 6 Results of Language Change 30 6.1 Modification of the Stock of Units and Notions 30 6.2 Disappearance ofForms and Distinctions 30 6.3 System Simplification 31 6.4 Changes in the System Hierarchy 31 7 Evolution in the Domain of the Past 31 8 A ‘Dia-Modeľ of Evolution and Change 34
VIII 2 Once Upon a Time. There Was the PS 36 1 From Latin to French 39 2 In Old French 44 3 In Middle French 59 4 In Classical French 66 5 In Modern French 75 6 Conclusions on the Diachronic Evolution of the ps CONTENTS 83 3 Favourable Factors for ps Use in Contemporary French 88 1 Age Grading (Personal Diachronie) 88 2 Geographical Variation (Diatopie) 89 3 Social Variation (Diastratie) 91 4 Gender Variation (Diagénie) 93 5 Variation according to the Medium (Diamésie) 94 5.1 Medium and Modes 96 5.1.1 The Modes of Speech 96 5.1.2 The Modes of Writing 97 5.2 Modes and the ps 98 6 Variation across the Context of Use (Diaphasie) 100 6.1 Literature 100 6.2 Journalistic Language 104 6.2.1 Sport Reports 110 6.2.2 Advertisement 111 6.2.3 Faits Divers 117 6.2.4 Obituaries 118 6.3 History 121 7 Cotextual Variation 125 7.1 Syntax 125 7.1.1 Adverbials 126 7.1.2 Passive/Active 126 7.1.3 Polarity 127 7.1.4 Type of Clause 127 7.2 Morphology 129 7.2.1 Person and Number 129 7.2.2 Syllabic Length 132 7.2.3 Irregularity 132 7.3 Phonetic Factors 133 7.4 Lexical Factors 134 7.5 Semantic Factors 134
IX CONTENTS 8 Conclusion on the Diachronie Evolution of PS 135 8.1 The Position ofPS in CoF 135 8.2 The Evolution of the ps throughout the History ofFrench 136 4 The Not So Simple PS 139 1 Previous Descriptions of the PS 139 1.1 Textual Approaches 139 1.1.1 Hamburger 140 1.1.2 Benveniste 143 1.1.3 Weinrich 146 1.1.4 Conclusions on Textual Approaches 148 1.2 Discursive Approaches 150 1.3 Aspectual Approaches 154 1.4 Temporal Approaches 155 1.4.1 Reichenbach’s System 155 1.4.2 The Forerunners 158 1.4.3 Contemporary Extensions of the Point System 161 1.4.4 Conclusions on Point of Reference Systems 165 1.5 Temporo-Aspectual Approaches in the French Tradition 165 1.5.1 Damourette Pichon 165 1.5.2 Guillaume 168 1.5.3 Neo-Guillaumian Models 170 1.6 Neo-Reichenbachian Descriptions of the French Verbal System 175 1.6.1 Apothéloz (2017) 175 1.6.2 Gosselin (1996,2005,2017, in Press) 178 1.6.3 Azzopardi Bres (2017) 181 2 Defining the Specific Profile of the ps 185 2.1 Toolsfor a Model of the Verbal System 185 2.2 The Profile of the PS Zn Langue: A Global Perspective Past 189 2.3 The Use of the ps in Discours in Contemporary French 191 3 Conclusion 195 5 Substitutes for ps in Contemporary French 1 The Past Connection 198 1.1 Imparfait (imp) 198 1.2 Passé Composé (pc) 208 1.3 Plus-que-parfait (pqp) 212 1.4 Passé Surcomposé (psc) 218 1.5 Futur Antérieur (fa) 224 196
x CONTENTS 2 3 4 Going Global 230 2.1 Présent (pres') 230 2.2 Futur Simple (fs) 233 2.3 Conditionnel (conD ) 237 Looking Forward 239 3.1 Futur Périphrastique (fp) 240 3.2 Futur Périphrastique du Passé (fpp) 3.3 Devait + Infinitive 244 Conclusion 251 242 6 Methodology for the Corpus Analysis 252 1 Introduction 252 2 Methodology 253 3 Corpus 255 3.1 Justification of the Choice 255 3.2 Presentation of the Corpora 258 Modes of Speech (Conversing) 258 3-2-1 Modes of Speech (Monologuing) 262 3-2-2 Modes of Speech (Reciting) 264 3-2-3 Modes of Speech (Speaking of What Is Written) 265 3-2-4 Modes of Writing (Writing to Be Read Silently) 266 3-2-5 4 Opening 270 7 The PS across Modes in Contemporary French 271 1 Modes of Speech (Conversing) 271 1.1 Sociolinguistic Interviews 272 1.2 Chat Shaws 275 1.3 Sports Commentary 276 1.4 Conclusions on the Use ofps in Conversing 283 2 Modes of Speech (Monologuing) 283 2.1 News Bulletins 283 2.2 Fairy tales 286 3 Modes of Speech (Reciting): Néo-contes 294 4 Modes of Speech (Speaking of What Is Written) 295 4.1 Documentaries 296 4.2 Speeches 304
XI CONTENTS 5 6 Modes of Writing 309 5.1 Obituaries Corpus 311 5.1.1 Synchronic Corpus 312 5.1.2 Diachronic Corpus 328 5.1.3 Conclusions on the Use of Tenses in Obituaries 337 5.2 Sports Reports 338 5.2.1 The Story So Far 339 5.2.2 The PS in Reports of the 2010 World Cup Final 341 5.3 The Use of Tenses in the ‘Written to Be Read’Mode: A Question of Mode, of Genre or ofPersonal Choice ? 357 The Actual Use of the PS across Modes 360 8 The PS in Micro-Diachrony 363 1 Presentation of the Corpus 364 2 Corpus Le Monde 367 3 Corpus L’Humanité 384 4 Corpus Le Soir 401 5 Corpus La Libre Belgique 412 6 Conclusions on Sports Reports in Micro-Diachrony 423 9 Conclusions 431 1 Chronicle of a Death Foretold 431 2 Some Hundred Years of Decrepitude? 431 2.1 A BriefHistory of the Tense 432 2.2 The PS in CoF: Quantitative Considerations 433 2.3 The ps in CoF: Qualitative Considerations 434 2.4 The ps in System 435 3 Living to Tell the Tale 436 4 On the Day They Were Going to Kill It? 440 References 443 Index of Concepts 465 |
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series | Empirical approaches to linguistic theory |
series2 | Empirical approaches to linguistic theory |
spelling | Labeau, Emmanuelle 1968- Verfasser (DE-588)129238694 aut The decline of the French passé simple by Emmanuelle Labeau Leiden ; Boston Brill 2022 xxiv, 474 Seiten Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Empirical approaches to linguistic theory volume 18 Includes bibliographical references Introduction -- Language evolution -- Once upon a time ... there was the PS -- Favourable factors for PS use in contemporary French -- The not so simple PS -- Substitutes for PS in contemporary French -- Methodology for the corpus analysis -- The PS across modes in contemporary French -- The PS in micro-diachrony -- Conclusions "The disappearance of the French simple past has been hotly debated since the early 20th century. This volume offers an overview of its fortunes since French emerged as a language, provides a description of its distinctive features, and discusses the potential impact of its supposed demise on the whole French verb system. These assumptions are tested against a large corpus of contemporary texts. The study concludes that, despite the erosion of its meaning and its increasingly infrequent use, the simple past tense is still used by native speakers in various contexts, and no single substitute has yet emerged. Nevertheless, the simple past may be evolving into a stylistic marker, making it fertile ground for future cross-linguistic studies"-- Französisch (DE-588)4113615-9 gnd rswk-swf Passé simple (DE-588)4173482-8 gnd rswk-swf Sprachwandel (DE-588)4056508-7 gnd rswk-swf French language / Tense Französisch (DE-588)4113615-9 s Sprachwandel (DE-588)4056508-7 s Passé simple (DE-588)4173482-8 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-90-04-46334-9 Empirical approaches to linguistic theory volume 18 (DE-604)BV039559702 18 Digitalisierung UB Passau - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033673759&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033673759&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
spellingShingle | Labeau, Emmanuelle 1968- The decline of the French passé simple Empirical approaches to linguistic theory Französisch (DE-588)4113615-9 gnd Passé simple (DE-588)4173482-8 gnd Sprachwandel (DE-588)4056508-7 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4113615-9 (DE-588)4173482-8 (DE-588)4056508-7 |
title | The decline of the French passé simple |
title_auth | The decline of the French passé simple |
title_exact_search | The decline of the French passé simple |
title_exact_search_txtP | The decline of the French passé simple |
title_full | The decline of the French passé simple by Emmanuelle Labeau |
title_fullStr | The decline of the French passé simple by Emmanuelle Labeau |
title_full_unstemmed | The decline of the French passé simple by Emmanuelle Labeau |
title_short | The decline of the French passé simple |
title_sort | the decline of the french passe simple |
topic | Französisch (DE-588)4113615-9 gnd Passé simple (DE-588)4173482-8 gnd Sprachwandel (DE-588)4056508-7 gnd |
topic_facet | Französisch Passé simple Sprachwandel |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033673759&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033673759&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
volume_link | (DE-604)BV039559702 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT labeauemmanuelle thedeclineofthefrenchpassesimple |