Central Asia: contexts for understanding
Central Asia is a diverse and complex region of the world often characterized in the West as being difficult to access. Central Asia: Contexts for Understanding offers the most comprehensive introduction to the region available. Combining thematic chapters with case studies, readers will learn to ap...
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Pittsburgh, Pa.
University of Pittsburgh Press
[2022]
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| Schriftenreihe: | Central Eurasia in context series
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| Zusammenfassung: | Central Asia is a diverse and complex region of the world often characterized in the West as being difficult to access. Central Asia: Contexts for Understanding offers the most comprehensive introduction to the region available. Combining thematic chapters with case studies, readers will learn to appreciate the interconnected aspects of life in Central Asia. These wide-ranging, easy-to-understand contributions from some of the leading scholars in the field provide the context needed to understand Central Asia and presents a launching-off point for further research. |
| Beschreibung: | xliii, 738 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten |
| ISBN: | 9780822946786 0822946785 |
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| 505 | 8 | |a Intro -- Contents -- About this Book -- About the Notes -- Note on Transliteration and Spelling -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Central Asia in Context | David W. Montgomery -- Mapping Context | Julien Thorez and Emmanuel Giraudet -- Maps -- Part I. Contextualizing Central Asia -- 1. Central Asia as Global | Alexander Cooley -- 2. Central Asia as Local | Morgan Y. Liu -- 3. Central Asia as Place | Alexander C. Diener and Nick Megoran -- 4. Central Asia as Story | Benjamin Gatling -- Cases -- I-A. Ordinary Soviet Life through Collectivization | Marianne Kamp -- I-B. Regulation and Appropriation of Islam in Authoritarian Political Contexts | Tim Epkenhans -- I-C. Migration from the Deep South to the Far North as Central Asian "Glocalism" | Marlène Laruelle -- Discussion Questions and Further Reading -- Part II. Contexts of History -- 5. Precolonial Central Asia | Scott C. Levi -- 6. Colonial Central Asia | Alexander Morrison -- 7. Soviet Central Asia | Ali İğmen -- 8. Post-Soviet Central Asia | David G. Lewis -- Cases -- II-A. The Rise of Vali Bay, an Entrepreneur between Two Empires | David Brophy -- II-B. The Management of Islam in the Late Soviet Period | Adeeb Khalid -- III-C. Gendered Aspects of Soviet Industrialization in Ak Tyuz | Botakoz Kassymbekova -- Discussion Questions and Further Reading -- Part III. Contexts of Living -- 9. Rural Life | Tommaso Trevisani -- 10. Urban Life | Natalie Koch -- 11. Migratory Life | Madeleine Reeves -- 12. Diaspora Life | Medina Aitieva -- Cases -- III-A. Mobility and the Rural Modern along Tajikistan's Pamir Highway | Till Mostowlansky -- III-B. From Potemkin Village to Real Life in Turkmenistan | Sebastian Peyrouse -- III-C. Private Education, Inequality, and the Growing Social Divide in Bishkek | Emil Nasritdinov, Aigoul Abdoubaetova, and Gulnora Iskandarova | |
| 520 | 3 | |a Central Asia is a diverse and complex region of the world often characterized in the West as being difficult to access. Central Asia: Contexts for Understanding offers the most comprehensive introduction to the region available. Combining thematic chapters with case studies, readers will learn to appreciate the interconnected aspects of life in Central Asia. These wide-ranging, easy-to-understand contributions from some of the leading scholars in the field provide the context needed to understand Central Asia and presents a launching-off point for further research. | |
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| adam_text | CONTENTS ABOUT THIS BOOK XII ABOUT THE NOTES XIV XV NOTE ON TRANSLITERATIONAND SPELLING XVI ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS XVIII Central Asia in Context David W. Montgomery xix Mapping Context Julien Thorez and Emmanuel Giraudet xxiv Maps xxvii PART I CONTEXTUALIZING CENTRAL ASIA 1. Central Asia as Global Alexander Cooley 2. Central Asia as Local Morgan Y. Liu 2.0 3. Central Asia as Place Alexander C. Diener and Nick Megoran 36 4. Central Asia as Story Benjamin Gatling 52 3 CASES IA. Ordinary Soviet Life through Collectivization Marianne Kamp Ю. Regulation and Appropriation of Islam in Authoritarian Political Contexts Tim Epkenhans I C. Migration from the Deep South to the Far North as Central Asian “Glocalism” Marlène Laruelle Discussion Questions and Further Reading PART II S. 65 70 75 79 CONTEXTS OF HISTORY Precolonial Central Asia Scott C. Levi 85
6. Colonial Central Asia ιοί Alexander Morrison 7. 119 Soviet Central Asia Ali îğmen 8. 137 Post-Soviet Central Asia David G. Lewis CASES ΙΙΆ. The Rise of Vali Bay, an Entrepreneur between Two Empires 158 David Brophy Il B. The Management of Islam in the Late Soviet Period 163 Adeeb Khalid lll-C. Gendered Aspects of Soviet Industrialization in Ak Tyuz 168 Botakoz Kassymbekova 174 Discussion Questions and Further Reading CONTEXTS OE LIVING PART III 8. 181 Rural Life Tommaso Trevisani 10. 196 Urban Life Natalie Koch 11. 214 Migratory Life Madeleine Reeves 12. 2-30 Diaspora Life Medina Aitieva CASES lll-A. Mobility and the Rural Modern along Tajikistan’s Pamir Highway 256 Till Mostowlansky IIIB. From Potemkin Village to Real Life in Turkmenistan 261 Sebastian Peyrouse lll-C. Private Education, Inequality, and the Growing Social Divide in Bishkek Emil Nasritdinov, Aigoul Abdoubaetova, and Gulnora Iskandarova viii CONTENTS 267
Discussion Questions and Further Reading PARI IV 273 CONTEXTS Of STRUCTURE 13. Family Structure Cynthia Werner 281 14. Social Structure Edward Schatz 296 15. Moral Structure Maria Louw 312 16. Gender Structure Svetlana Peshkova 325 CASES IV*A. On Mothers- and Daughters-in-Law Julie McBrien 339 ITB. Mahalla as State and Community Johan Rasanayagam 344 IVC. Aitys, Ancestors, and the “Little Sister” Eva-Marie Dubuisson 348 Discussion Questions and Further Reading PARI V 353 CONTEXTS OE TRANSFORMATION 17. Religion David W. Montgomery 361 18. Politics John Heathershaw 378 19. Law 393 Judith Beyer 20. Education Martha C. Merrill 4°5 CASES V -A. Mood and Islam in Kazakhstan Wendell Schwab 420 V B. Spectacular Politics in the World Nomad Games Mathijs Pelkmans 425 V C. Displacement and Belonging in Eurasia Jennifers. Wistrand 431 Discussion Questions and Further Reading 438 CBKltlllS ix
PARI VI 21. CONTEXTS OE WORK Resources 445 Jeanne Féaux de la Croix and David Gallette 22. 457 Economics Elmira Satybaldieva and Balihar Sanghera 23. 471 Property Eric McGlinchey 24. Labor 484 Russell Zanca CASES VIA. Language as the Wealth of the Turkmen Nation 501 Victoria Clement Vl-R. Family as a Risk Management Institution in Changing Work Contexts 507 Sophie Roche VIC. Domestic and Foreign Policies in the Context of Eurasian Integration 514 Olivier Ferrando Discussion Questions and Further Reading PART VII 25. 519 VISION Media 52-7 Svetlana Kulikova 2fi. National Identity 546 Laura L. Adams 27. Environment 559 Amanda E. Wooden 20. Development 582 Noor O’Neill Borbieva CASES Vll-A. Governing Extremism through Communities in Tajikistan 594 Edward Lemon VIIB. Customary Governance and the State in Central Eurasia Jennifer Brick Murtazashvili X CONTINIS 599
VIIG. Lineage Associations and Informal Politics in Mapping Kyrgyz Leadership Aksana īsmailbekova Discussion Questions and Further Reading 606 610 PART VIII CONTEXTS OF AESTHETICS 20. Music Will Sumits 619 SO. Art 635 Aliya de Tiesenhausen 31. Literature Rebecca Ruth Gould and Amier Saidula 654 32. Film 671 Michael Rouland CASES V lll-A. Soviet Cultural Construction and Its Afterlives Artemy Μ. Kalinovsky 688 V lll-B. Sound, Aesthetics, and Instrumental Variance in Dutar Ensembles in Tashkent Tanya Merchant 697 V IIIC. Translating Art into Politics through Central Asian Feminist and Queer Fantasy Georgy Mamedov Discussion Questions and Further Reading Translating Contexts into Policy David Μ. Abramson, Laura L. Adams, and David W. Montgomery ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS INDEX 702 710 715 72-4 73і CONTENTS xi
INDEN Abdrakhmanov, Jusup, 125 Academy of Sciences, 54, 59, 128, 135, 139, 415, 693 activism: community, 587, 589, environmental, 400, 455, 475, 573, 580; Islamic, 71; political, 333-34, ՅՅ8, 703 Aitmatov, Chingiz, 130, 135, 555, 667, 678 Aitmatov,Törökül, 125 aitys, 56-57, 60, 348-52, 580, 631 Akaev, Askar, 139, 146-48, 317, 368, 390, 398, 465, 474, 477, 542, 591 aksakal (aqsaqal, oqsoqol, elder): administrative roles, 109, 344-45; courts, 317, 401-2; elders, 476, 602, 606 Alash Orda, 123 Almaty Programme of Action, 49, 50 alphabet changes, 125, 501-3, 656-57, 669, 694 Alpomish, 55 ALZhIR prison camp, 125. See also Gulags American University of Central Asia (AUCA), 271-72, 410 Amu Darya, 98, 105, in, 262, 449, 454, 562·, 574, 621, 655 Andijan: city, 88, 95, no, 114, 345; demonstrations (2005), 4, 5, 18, 113, 145-46, 382; uprisings (1898), 122 annexation, 105, 107, 396; of Crimea, 514, 517-18; of Samarkand, too; of Tashkent, 104 aqsaqal. See aksakal Aral Sea: destruction, 100, 124, 184, 450-51, 569, 574-75, 645; fishing, 446; garrison, 104; health impacts, 573 Ashgabat, 105, 112, 41, 199-202, 204-6, 210, 258, 261-64, 4I5 5ої, 504-6, 564, 672, 673 Astana. See Nur-Sultan Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal, 124 automobiles: accident, 220; ownership, 196, 211, 213, 216, 342, 511, 565; production, 197, 458, 468; usage, 200, 239, 272; work, 221, 487 Babur, Zahir al-Din Muhammad (1483-1530), 88, 89, 95, 145, 664 bachcha, 330-33 Bactria, 489 Baikonur, 21, 516 Baitursynov, Akhmet, 125 Bakiev, Kurmanbek, 9, 15, 146, i48֊49, 386, 390, 398, 453, 465, 477, 479, 483, 535, 54^, 557, 577 Baku
Turkology Congress, 124 Barskoon village, 474-76 Bashkir, 77, 103 Basmachi, 123, 126 Batken, 217-23, 229, 318 bazaar (market), 32-33; 112, 192-93, 209-10, 272, 389, 483, 511-13, 584; Bukhara, 318; Chorsu, 210; Dordoi, 210, 270, 476; Green, 210; Osh, 476 Behbudiy, Mahmudxo’ja (Behbudi, Mahmud Khwaja), 117, 165 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), 7, 12, 155, 257, 467, 469-70, 514 Berdimuhamedow, Gurbanguly, 17, 142, 153, 261-66, 386, 415, 495, 504, 536, 538, 541, 544, 587 Bibi Khanym Mosque, 164, 206 Bibi Seshanba, 312-13, 321-22 bii (traditional hereditary leader/judge), 109-10, 401 731
Bilateral Investment Treaties, 14 Bishkek, 9, 32, 55, 148-49, 199, 201, 204, 207, 210, 214, 222, 23 8-41, 247, 249-50, 267-72, *96, 311, 383, 386, 403-4, 409, 425, 453, 469, 472, 476-79, 515, 540, 544, 564, 566, 569, 579, 633, 645, 682, 702-3, 705, 716 Bolashak Program, 412, 413 Bologna Process 405-9, 412-13, 418-19 Bolshevik Revolution, 120,123,127, 198, 530, 532 Braginskii, losef, 52 Brezhnev, Leonid, 133, 421, 533; era, 133, 135, *86, 265, 423, 477, 549, 678; politics, 134, 387 British Raj, 44, 45 Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 42 Buddhism, 38, 86, 92, 363-64, 657, 669 Bukeikhanov, Alikhan, 125 Bukhara, 52, 53, 62, 93, 95, 96-97, 98, 99, too, 104-5, II5, H7, I65, շօ6, 214, 312, 314, 318, 321, 324, 365-66, 368, 396, 489, 551, 552, 621, 624-26, 636, 661, 672-73, 695, 698; Emirate, 96-97, 98, in, 123, 161, 396, 621; Khanate, 89-93, 122, 123 Burkhanov, Umar, 413 car. See automobile Central Asian Association of Proletarian Writers, 130 Central Asian Economic Cooperation Organization, 50 Cherniaev, Gen. Mikhail Grigor’evich (1828-1898), 95, 104, 105, 107 Childcare, 132 290, 332, 334, 335, 338 Chorus Bazaar. See bazaar Christianity, 24, 42, 43, 02, no, 117, 363, 370-71, 669; church, 158; conversion, 30, 315; Evangelical, 299; Gnostic, 364; missions, 295; Nestorian, 86, 364; Orthodox, 73* INDEX 38, 132, 332, 368-69; Protestant, 368-69 civil society, 74, 232, 253, 347, 379-80, 390-92, 399, 537, 557, 585, 587-91, 597 civil war: Russia, 123, 127; Tajikistan, 3, 17, 57, 62, 71, 73, 76, 139, 14З, 153-54, 157, *57, 374, 379-83, 399, 414, 494, 508, 510-11, 513, 535, 587, 596, 601, 602, 680,
695-96 Cold War, 45, 48, 133, 531, 572, 574, 718 collective action, 464, 476, 525 Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), 5, 6, 11, 514 collectivization, 65-69, 119, 121,124, 126, 130, 458, 508, 675 Color Revolutions, 6, i8, 145, 146 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), 5, 50, 235, 385 Communist Party, 55, 66, 68, 69, 120, 127, 133-34, 135, 137,138-39, I51, 3*5, 333, 334, 368, 376, 4*3, 53°, 53*-33, 536, 601 conspiracy theories, 18, 61-63, 378, 557 constitution, 398-99, 401, 705 consumerism, 193, 212, 336, 580, 652 Crimea: annexation, 6, 514, 516-18; khanate, 122; spiritual assembly, 164 currency, 55, 461, 463, 468, 481-82, 515, 537 customary law, 109, 396-97, 401, 404 customs union, 6, 50, 156, 384, 514 daughter-in-law {kelin), 286, 290, 339-43, 35*, 685 dekulakization, 67, 69, 126 deportation, 26, 125-26, 152, 226, *33, *5*, 685 de-Sovietization, 202-3 de-Stalinization, 133 Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, 43, 105 Dordoi Bazaar. See bazaar
druzhba narodov. See friendship of the nations Dubai, 213, 215 Dungan, 26, 116, 158, 162, 245 Dushanbe, 32, 52, 54, 57, 63, 139-40, 154-55, Σ99, 2-ої, 2θ8, 2io, 258-60, зо8, 322, 406, 469, 509, 511-12, 536, 564, 594, 598, 603, 682, 688, 693, 695 dutar, 619, 627-28, 697-701 Eastern Turkestan. See Xinjiang economic cooperation, 395, 552. See also Central Asian Economic Cooperation Organization Edige, 55 enemies of the people, 125, 543, 594 Ershi, 489 Eurasian Economic Community, 6, 50 Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), 6, 8, 13, 39, 50, 156, 235, 240, 243, 384, 467-70, 514-18, 716 Eurasianism, 37-39 Euromaidan, 517 European Union (EU), 6, 10, 11,13, 39, 47, 408, 468, 516-17, 535, 584, 667 Facebook, 243, 543, 545 famine, 67-69, 119, 512 Ferghana Valley, 17, 88, 9-96, 99, 100, 104-5, ш, I3:4 τ34, 256, 258, 300, 306, 330, 385, 454-55, 486, 493, 559, 562.-63, 625, 627, 633, 722 First World War, 45, 113, 116, 118, 121, 530, 691 Five-Year Plans, 128, 134, 448 folktales, 55, 59-60, 629 friendship of the nations (friendship of peoples), 56, 102, 119-20, 134, 202, 216, 528, 555-56, 598, 678 Gapurov, Muhammetnazar G., 135 Gashtak, 59 Gay Propaganda Law, 336, 704-6 Genghis (Chinggis) Khan (d. 1227), 39, 87, 90, 94, 98, 429-30, 679 gift-giving, 238, 242, 291, 319 glasnost 71, 73, 531, 533, Global War on Terror, 9, 17, 47, 146, 469, 718 Golden Horde, 41, 86, 89-90, 121, 685 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 134, 137,140, 531, 533, 589 Great Game, 4, 45, 46-49, 97, 106, 385,452· Great Purges, 120,125-26, 135 green space, 184, 196, 204-6, 559, 564-65, 573 grocery store, 209, 213, 480 Gulag, 75, 125, 131,
416, 648 Gurgali, 55 Hanafi. See Islam heterosexuality, 252, 328, 332, 337 Hodjayeva, Ruzibi, 697-701 homosexuality, 133, 329, 337, 595, 705-6 houses of culture, 127, 219, 628 housing, 133, 184, 193, 196-98, 202, 210-12, 215, 218, 228, 231, 267, 435-36, 437, 458-59, 492-, 508, 573, 583, 695 hujum, 121,123, 184, 302 hydropower, 385, 446-47, 451-56, 458, 568 Ikramov, Akmal, 125 Inner Asia, 36, 37, 349, 352 internally displaced person (IDP), 432--37 International Monetary Fund (IMF), 15, 389, 459, 481 IRPT. See Islamic Revival Party of Tajikistan Irrigation, 67, 93-94, 96, 99, too, 109, 114, 116, 124, 182-85, ς87, 192-93, 4°°, 449-51, 455-56, 466, 492, 566, 569, 576, 577, 583, 673 Islam, 17, 24, 33-34, 38, 77, no, 117, 124, 3 23, 3 67, 511-12, 669, INDEX 733
718-19; art, 637; culture, 351, 721; expansion, 41,100, 182, 363-66, 632, 635, 656-57; Hanafi, 72-73, 166, 366, 403; identity, 298-301, 335, 554; Ismaili, 366, 494; mood, 420-24; morality, 316, 324, 372; persecution, 132, 320; political, 17, 47, 372-76; practice, 318, 323, 363, 370, 372, 595; regulation, 70-74, 143, 163-67; Shia, 88; 99, 366, 494; Sufi, 58, 63, 86, 88, 92, too, no, 132, 166, 318, 366-68, 373, 420, 423, 553, 632, 662; Sunni, 72-73, 86, 88, 366, 403, 494 Islamic Revival Party of Tajikistan (IRPT), 71-2, 139-40,155, 374, 558, 594-96 Jadid movement, 123,161,165-66, 332, 367-68, 666-68, 690-61 Jami, 88, 626, 662, 665 Jomi, Ahmadi, 58 Judaism, 63, 115, 125, 126, 129, 221, 233, 363, 365, 620, 706 Jungar (Zungar, Dzungar) Mongols, 54, 89, 91-92 Kainazarova, Zuurakan, 134 kandidat nauk 407, 408, 411, 510 Karimov, Islam, 6, 11, 138, 143-46, 156-57, З1?, 344, 368, 384, 386, 399, 481-82, 495, 536-38, 541, 587, 602, 684 Karimova, Gulnara, 16, 61-62, 389, 466, 482 KarLag, 125 Karluk, 41 Kasymov, Kenesary, 104, 122, 685 kazi. See qazi kelin. See daughter-in-law Khasenova, Bazaraim, 131 Khiva, 66, 93, 97-100,103, 105,122, 396, 621, 625, 626, 627, 636, 672, 698 Khojaev, Faizullah, 125, 666 Khoqand. See Kokand 734 INDEX Khorezm (Khwarezm), 59, 65-68, 97, 98, 123, 188, 192, 400, 489, 625 Khrushchev,Nikita, 124,132-34, 186 kinship, 59, 219, 242, 285, 302, 339, 348֊5O, 467, 541, 549, 552, 600, 606-8, 658 Kiyizbaeva, Saira, 130, 131,135 Kojomkol, 204, 206 Kokand (Khoqand), 117, 621, 625, 626; Khanate, 89, 93-100, 104-5, 122, 396, 621, 639 kolkhoz (collective farm), 65-69,
134-35,181,183-89,190, 195, 492, 512, 606 Komsomol, 76,127,131, 507-8, 674 korenizatsiya (indigenization), 102, 120, 528 Krupskaia, Nadezhda, 131 Kuiukova, Darkul, 130 kul’turnost, 130 kulak (wealthy farmer), 66-69,120, 126, 509 Kumtor gold mine, 451, 454, 461-62, 474-76, 483, 566, 569-70 Kümüshalieva, Sabira, 119-22, 129-30, 132, 135 Kunaev, Dinmukhamed A., 133, 135 Kydykeeva, Baken, 130 legal reform, 325, 393-95, 397, 399, 404 Lenin, Vladimir, 107, 127,170,198, 451, 528, 530, 531, 672; statue, 202-3, 213, 645 Leninism, 53, 127, 133, 138, 302 LGBT, 336, 338, 557, 702-5 literacy, 68, 127-28, 266, 491, 493, 501-5, 5շ8, 583, 592, 632, 642, 666, 669, livestock, 23, 66-67, 109, 116, 118-20, 124, 166, 182, 185, 187, 190-91, 218, 237-38, 240, 249, 286, 288-90, 328, 341, 489, 564, 577 mahalla, 28-31, 294, 312-15, 344-47, 565, 600-603
Maldybaev, Abdylas, 119 Manas·, airport, 9, 149; epic, 54-55, 57, 59, 317, 335, 42-8, 555, 630-31, 645; manaschi, 55, 59, 428, 555, 630-31 Manghit tribe, 91-92, 96, 98-100 mashrap, 58-59 mekhnatkash, 485-87, 500 Merv, 105, 122, 489, 636 middle-class, 150, 171, 207, 209, 215, nomadism, 121, 553, 621, 629; “spiritual nomadism,” 483 nomenklatura, 71, 73,127, 398, 536 North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 5, 6, it, 517, 667 nuclear: power, 468, 571-72; test sites, 124, 579, 645 Nur-Sultan (Astana), 32, 150, 155, 196, 198-202, 208, 209, 210-11, 387, 390, 412, 453, 518, 686 2-38, 309, 42·3~2·4, 470, 5бо, 580 Millennium Development Goals, 49 minerals: mining, 13, 124, 169, 454-55; resources, 22, 310, 445-46, 461-62, 470, 567, 569-71, 586-87 Mirziyoyev, Shavkat, 11, 156, 386, 413, 482., 536 Mirzoev, Abdulghani, 52 Mongol yoke, 42 Mughal Empire, 88, 95, 664 Muhammad Shibani Khan (14511510), 88, 89, 90 Mukhitdinov, Nuritdin A., 133 music conservatory: study, 693; 698; national, 619, 628, 697-699, 701 Offshoring, 16—16, 19, 22, 263, 378, 380, 385, 389-90, 392, 466 oqsoqol. See aksakal oral tradition: story, 59-60, 621-22, 629-31, 633 Orenburg-Tashkent Railway, 113, 116, 122, 124 Orientalism 70, 102, 158, 332, 530, 637-38 Osh, 24, 29, 62, 148, 149, 214, 243, 246, 256, 259, 260, 314, 342, 383, 476, 489, 559-60, 564, 573, 576 Ottoman, 22, 86, 88, 117, 161, 662 Nadir Shah (d. 1747), 89, 91, 98 Naqshbandiyya, 62, 88, 92-93, 132, 164, 166, 318, 323, 366, 368, 662 Naryn: region, 243, 250, 410, 571, 577; river, 451, 570 National Territorial Delimitation (NTD), 45, 123, 550 nationalities
policy, 121, 385, 550-51 Nazarbayev University, 7, 200, 412, 413 Nazarbayev, Nursultan, 138-39, 141, 151, 156-57, 199-200, 208, 211, 373, 387, 465-66, 495, 517-518, 534-35, 537, 545, 586, 668, 685 Nazarbayeva, Dariga, 151, 157, 535, 541 Niyazov, Saparmurat, 4, 138-42, 153, 200, 203, 261-66, 374, 386, 414-15, 502-3, 536, 586, 668, 681 Nizami, 626, 661-62, 665, 670 Pahlen, Count Konstantin Konstantinovich, 109, 113 Panjakent, 53, 683 Pan-Turkism, 47, 3 83, 666, 669-70, 679 paranji, 68, 166 Pavlik Morozov, 133 Pavlodar, 206, 579 perestroika, 71, 73, 167, 218, 379, 458, 472·, 531, 533, 589, 636, 695 permafrost, 230, 321, 566, 570, 581 Perovskii, Count Vasilit Alexeevich, 103, Peter I (the Great), 44, 121 Petrossiants, Ashot, 698 pioneer, 127, 507-8 pluralism, 6, 139, 151,153, 374, 535, 561, 620, 622, 634 Politburo of the Communist Party, 133, 163 Polo, Marco, 42 INDEX 735
polygamy, 131, 289, 294-95, 325, 331, Sakha, Republic of, 213, 234, 236, 334, 583 privatization, 143, 187, 387, 452, 454, 459-60, 463, 465, 480-82, 571, 239-40, 245-47, 250-52, 254 Samanids, 53, 54, 621, 657, 659 Samarkand (Samarqand), 86-90, 97, 100, 105, 108, in-15, 117, 122, 344-45, 365, 551, 621, 624, 625, 626, 636, 661, 695, 698 Second World War (Great Patriotic War): experience of, 21, 26, 68, 69; media, 531-32; post-war development, 5, 128, 458, 492-93; post-war reforms, 492; relocation, 126, 129, 134, 431, 674; religious restrictions, 132, 163, 367; stories, 56; veteran of, 693 sedentary population, 23-24, 26, 365, 550, 621, 633 Seifullin, Saken, 125 seminomadic, 116, 132, 330, 331, 573, 577-78, 585-87 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 418 proletarian, 130, 320, 532, 622, 627 propiska, 197, շշւ, 232, 240, 241, 243, 467 Putin, Vladimir, 5, 9, 216, 232, 235, 251, 255, 516-17, 685, 705 Qaralaev, Sayaqbay, 55 qazi (kazi, Islamic judge), 109-10, 403 Qing, 92-96, 103, 158-62 Qongrat tribe, 93, 98-99 Rahmon, Emomali, 57, 62-63, 7°, 73, 140, 153-55, 157, 385, 465, 495, 536, 542, 587, 596, 603 raja (payments among kin), 242, 249 Rashidov, Sharof R. 133, 135 Rasulov, Akbar, 393-94, 399, 404 Rasulov, Jabbor, 135 reiderstvo (asset-grabbing), 477-79 remittances, 6, 13, 155, 192-93, 2M, 229, 235, 237, 249-50, 255, 295, 307, 3I9, 467, 498, 515, 587, 591, 593, 718 resettlement, 112, 113,185, 695 ritual, 77, 132,135, 166,182, 184-85, 29i-94, 312, 3M, 3Ϊ5, 321, 324, 345, 362, 367, Յ70, 375, 398, 420, 422-24, 429, 600, 602, 629, 644, 658 Rudaki: district, 596;
poet, 52-54, 659-60, 665 Ruziev, Kobil 413 Ryskulov, Turar, 125 SADŮM (Spiritual Administration of the Muslims of Central Asia and Kazakhstan), 71-73, 132, 163-67, 367-68, 373 Safavid, 40, 88-89 736 INDEX 365 Semirechie, 104, 108, in-13, 116 separatism, 7, 383, 517 Shahnameh, 59, 678 Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), 7-8, 10, ii, 50 sharia (Islamic law), 109, 165, 331, 374, 376, 396-97, 403 Shia. See Islam shopping mali, 200, 207-10, 546 Siberia, 37-38, 78, 96, in, 126,159, 164, 230 Silk Road, 7, 12-13, 22 27, 39՜42 44, 8y, 90, іб2, 257, 467, 552, 555, 557, 644, 682 Skobelev, Gen. Mikhail Dmitrievich (1843 - 1882), 43, 96, 105 social contract, 157, 218, 491 social media: communication medium, 57, 250, 307, 548, 579; journalism and, 423, 430, 527, 561, 572; misinformation, 542, 707; restrictions of, 18; violence, 250 Socialist Realism, 130, 636, 638-42, 674, 691 Solomon’s Mountain, 62, 372, 559 Spiritual Administration of the
Muslims in Central Asia and Kazakhstan. See SADUM sports, 327, 260, 530-31; events, 607, 693; palace, 204, 206; World Nomad Games, 425—30, 554-55 Stakhanov, Aleksei G., 134 Stalin, Joseph, 26, 65, 69,128,132-34, 164, 204, 367, 397, 431, 636, 642, 684 state predation, 374, 473-74, 483 Sufiism. See Islam Sunni. See Islam Talas, 531, battle of, 41, 92, 365; protests, 149, 577 Tashkent, 8, 9, it, 32, 36, 62, 69, 94-95, 97, 100, 104, 107, 108, in-13, 115-17, 122-24, 133, 143, 156, 163-65, 167, 196, 199, 201, 204, 210, 258, 316, 413, 541, 564, 619, 625, 642, 672-73, 676, 677, 678, 683, 685, 695, 697-701 Tashkent Soviet of Workers’ and Peasants’ Deputies, 123 Tasmagambetov, Imangali, 518 Telegram, 252 Tengrism, 552, 554 tema, 338, territorial integrity, 431-32, 437, 518 Tien Shan Mountains, 41, 211, 562, 565, 566, 569 Timur (Tamerlane, 1336-1405), 47, 85, 86-89, 91, 317, 335 titular nationalities, 120, 121,129, i35 ІЗ8, 333 556 toi (to’y, tui·, celebration), 59, 166, 242, 291-94 Tolstoy, Leo, 43, 668, 684, Tournament of Shadows, 45. See also Great Game tractor, 32, 65-69, 185, 187, 191, 449; driver, 492 Trans-Caspian Railway, 112, 114, 122, 124 transportation: goods, 461, 496, 569; infrastructure, 21, 48, 114, 124, 197; modes, 196, 230, 495, 563; public, 296, 504, 689 Tsar Ivan III (“The Great”), 42, 44, 122 Tsar Ivan IV (“The Terrible”), 42, 44, 90, 102 TsUM (Tsentral’nyi Universal’nyi Magazin), 208 Turajonzoda, Hoji Akbar, 62 Turkestan (region), 38, 46, 97, 102, 105, 108-9, nl 113-18, izi։ 12-2·26, 158, i6i, 164-65, 286, 329-30, 497, 529, 620, 622, 623, 625, 626, 638, 639, 642,
654, 672-73 Türkistan (city), 62, 104, 366, 420, 489, 553 636 Turkestan governor-generalship, 102, 108, 161 Turkic khanate, 38, 656 Turkmenbashi. See Niyazov, Saparmurat Turksib (Turkestan-Siberian) Railroad, 124; film, 673 tuulgan jer (place of birth), 234, 241 Twitter, 62, 430 Tynyshpaev, Mukhamedzan, 125 Tynystanov, Kasym, 125 ulama (Islamic scholars), 70-73, 132, 163-67, 366, 690 unveiling. See hujum Ural Mountains, 37-38, 112 urban landscape, 198, 202, 212, 231 urban planning, 184, 197, 199-200, 204, 210-13 Ürkün (1916 Revolt), in, 113, 118, 120-22 Usubaliev, Turdakun U., 135 Vernyi, 112-13, 162 Virgin Lands, 133, 185, 458, 651, Von Kaufman, Gen. Konstantin Petrovich, 96, 105-6, no, 114, 164 wedding: anniversary, 291; celebration, 28, 60, 181,193, 242, 258, 285, INDEX 737
289, 29і, 2-94; food, 30; life-cycle ritual, 345 WhatsApp, 236, 239-40, 243, 250-51, *53-54 World Bank: donor activities, 450, 574, 584, 604; International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID), 480, 483; introduced reforms,186, 459 World Trade Organization (WTO), 13, 50, 306, 407 xenophobia, 232, 252, 255, 499, 556, 709 Xinjiang, 7-8, 12, 17, 36, 58, 92-93, 95, 122, 158-62, 496-97, 652, 654, 655-57։ 663, 665, 667, 669, 697 Xorazm. See Khorezm 73» INOEK Yaqub Beg, 122 yntymak (solidarity, unity), 248, 254; diaspora group, 253 Young Bukharans, 123 Yuezhi-Kushans, 40 Yusup Khass Hajib, 657-58, 663-65, 666 zaouchnaya rabota, 410, 412 Zenkov Cathedral, 206, 369 Zhansugurov, Ilyas, 125 Ziyaeva, Malikakhon, 697 Zoroastrianism, 60, 86, 363-64, 400, 669 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München
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CONTENTS ABOUT THIS BOOK XII ABOUT THE NOTES XIV XV NOTE ON TRANSLITERATIONAND SPELLING XVI ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS XVIII Central Asia in Context David W. Montgomery xix Mapping Context Julien Thorez and Emmanuel Giraudet xxiv Maps xxvii PART I CONTEXTUALIZING CENTRAL ASIA 1. Central Asia as Global Alexander Cooley 2. Central Asia as Local Morgan Y. Liu 2.0 3. Central Asia as Place Alexander C. Diener and Nick Megoran 36 4. Central Asia as Story Benjamin Gatling 52 3 CASES IA. Ordinary Soviet Life through Collectivization Marianne Kamp Ю. Regulation and Appropriation of Islam in Authoritarian Political Contexts Tim Epkenhans I C. Migration from the Deep South to the Far North as Central Asian “Glocalism” Marlène Laruelle Discussion Questions and Further Reading PART II S. 65 70 75 79 CONTEXTS OF HISTORY Precolonial Central Asia Scott C. Levi 85
6. Colonial Central Asia ιοί Alexander Morrison 7. 119 Soviet Central Asia Ali îğmen 8. 137 Post-Soviet Central Asia David G. Lewis CASES ΙΙΆ. The Rise of Vali Bay, an Entrepreneur between Two Empires 158 David Brophy Il'B. The Management of Islam in the Late Soviet Period 163 Adeeb Khalid lll-C. Gendered Aspects of Soviet Industrialization in Ak Tyuz 168 Botakoz Kassymbekova 174 Discussion Questions and Further Reading CONTEXTS OE LIVING PART III 8. 181 Rural Life Tommaso Trevisani 10. 196 Urban Life Natalie Koch 11. 214 Migratory Life Madeleine Reeves 12. 2-30 Diaspora Life Medina Aitieva CASES lll-A. Mobility and the Rural Modern along Tajikistan’s Pamir Highway 256 Till Mostowlansky IIIB. From Potemkin Village to Real Life in Turkmenistan 261 Sebastian Peyrouse lll-C. Private Education, Inequality, and the Growing Social Divide in Bishkek Emil Nasritdinov, Aigoul Abdoubaetova, and Gulnora Iskandarova viii CONTENTS 267
Discussion Questions and Further Reading PARI IV 273 CONTEXTS Of STRUCTURE 13. Family Structure Cynthia Werner 281 14. Social Structure Edward Schatz 296 15. Moral Structure Maria Louw 312 16. Gender Structure Svetlana Peshkova 325 CASES IV*A. On Mothers- and Daughters-in-Law Julie McBrien 339 ITB. Mahalla as State and Community Johan Rasanayagam 344 IVC. Aitys, Ancestors, and the “Little Sister” Eva-Marie Dubuisson 348 Discussion Questions and Further Reading PARI V 353 CONTEXTS OE TRANSFORMATION 17. Religion David W. Montgomery 361 18. Politics John Heathershaw 378 19. Law 393 Judith Beyer 20. Education Martha C. Merrill 4°5 CASES V -A. Mood and Islam in Kazakhstan Wendell Schwab 420 V B. Spectacular Politics in the World Nomad Games Mathijs Pelkmans 425 V C. Displacement and Belonging in Eurasia Jennifers. Wistrand 431 Discussion Questions and Further Reading 438 CBKltlllS ix
PARI VI 21. CONTEXTS OE WORK Resources 445 Jeanne Féaux de la Croix and David Gallette 22. 457 Economics Elmira Satybaldieva and Balihar Sanghera 23. 471 Property Eric McGlinchey 24. Labor 484 Russell Zanca CASES VIA. Language as the Wealth of the Turkmen Nation 501 Victoria Clement Vl-R. Family as a Risk Management Institution in Changing Work Contexts 507 Sophie Roche VIC. Domestic and Foreign Policies in the Context of Eurasian Integration 514 Olivier Ferrando Discussion Questions and Further Reading PART VII 25. " 519 VISION Media 52-7 Svetlana Kulikova 2fi. National Identity 546 Laura L. Adams 27. Environment 559 Amanda E. Wooden 20. Development 582 Noor O’Neill Borbieva CASES Vll-A. Governing Extremism through Communities in Tajikistan 594 Edward Lemon VIIB. Customary Governance and the State in Central Eurasia Jennifer Brick Murtazashvili X CONTINIS 599
VIIG. Lineage Associations and Informal Politics in Mapping Kyrgyz Leadership Aksana īsmailbekova Discussion Questions and Further Reading 606 610 PART VIII CONTEXTS OF AESTHETICS 20. Music Will Sumits 619 SO. Art 635 Aliya de Tiesenhausen 31. Literature Rebecca Ruth Gould and Amier Saidula 654 32. Film 671 Michael Rouland CASES V lll-A. Soviet Cultural Construction and Its Afterlives Artemy Μ. Kalinovsky 688 V lll-B. Sound, Aesthetics, and Instrumental Variance in Dutar Ensembles in Tashkent Tanya Merchant 697 V IIIC. Translating Art into Politics through Central Asian Feminist and Queer Fantasy Georgy Mamedov Discussion Questions and Further Reading Translating Contexts into Policy David Μ. Abramson, Laura L. Adams, and David W. Montgomery ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS INDEX 702 710 715 72-4 73і CONTENTS xi
INDEN Abdrakhmanov, Jusup, 125 Academy of Sciences, 54, 59, 128, 135, 139, 415, 693 activism: community, 587, 589, environmental, 400, 455, 475, 573, 580; Islamic, 71; political, 333-34, ՅՅ8, 703 Aitmatov, Chingiz, 130, 135, 555, 667, 678 Aitmatov,Törökül, 125 aitys, 56-57, 60, 348-52, 580, 631 Akaev, Askar, 139, 146-48, 317, 368, 390, 398, 465, 474, 477, 542, 591 aksakal (aqsaqal, oqsoqol, elder): administrative roles, 109, 344-45; courts, 317, 401-2; elders, 476, 602, 606 Alash Orda, 123 Almaty Programme of Action, 49, 50 alphabet changes, 125, 501-3, 656-57, 669, 694 Alpomish, 55 ALZhIR prison camp, 125. See also Gulags American University of Central Asia (AUCA), 271-72, 410 Amu Darya, 98, 105, in, 262, 449, 454, 562·, 574, 621, 655 Andijan: city, 88, 95, no, 114, 345; demonstrations (2005), 4, 5, 18, 113, 145-46, 382; uprisings (1898), 122 annexation, 105, 107, 396; of Crimea, 514, 517-18; of Samarkand, too; of Tashkent, 104 aqsaqal. See aksakal Aral Sea: destruction, 100, 124, 184, 450-51, 569, 574-75, 645; fishing, 446; garrison, 104; health impacts, 573 Ashgabat, 105, 112, 41, 199-202, 204-6, 210, 258, 261-64, 4I5 5ої, 504-6, 564, 672, 673 Astana. See Nur-Sultan Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal, 124 automobiles: accident, 220; ownership, 196, 211, 213, 216, 342, 511, 565; production, 197, 458, 468; usage, 200, 239, 272; work, 221, 487 Babur, Zahir al-Din Muhammad (1483-1530), 88, 89, 95, 145, 664 bachcha, 330-33 Bactria, 489 Baikonur, 21, 516 Baitursynov, Akhmet, 125 Bakiev, Kurmanbek, 9, 15, 146, i48֊49, 386, 390, 398, 453, 465, 477, 479, 483, 535, 54^, 557, 577 Baku
Turkology Congress, 124 Barskoon village, 474-76 Bashkir, 77, 103 Basmachi, 123, 126 Batken, 217-23, 229, 318 bazaar (market), 32-33; 112, 192-93, 209-10, 272, 389, 483, 511-13, 584; Bukhara, 318; Chorsu, 210; Dordoi, 210, 270, 476; Green, 210; Osh, 476 Behbudiy, Mahmudxo’ja (Behbudi, Mahmud Khwaja), 117, 165 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), 7, 12, 155, 257, 467, 469-70, 514 Berdimuhamedow, Gurbanguly, 17, 142, 153, 261-66, 386, 415, 495, 504, 536, 538, 541, 544, 587 Bibi Khanym Mosque, 164, 206 Bibi Seshanba, 312-13, 321-22 bii (traditional hereditary leader/judge), 109-10, 401 731
Bilateral Investment Treaties, 14 Bishkek, 9, 32, 55, 148-49, 199, 201, 204, 207, 210, 214, 222, 23 8-41, 247, 249-50, 267-72, *96, 311, 383, 386, 403-4, 409, 425, 453, 469, 472, 476-79, 515, 540, 544, 564, 566, 569, 579, 633, 645, 682, 702-3, 705, 716 Bolashak Program, 412, 413 Bologna Process 405-9, 412-13, 418-19 Bolshevik Revolution, 120,123,127, 198, 530, 532 Braginskii, losef, 52 Brezhnev, Leonid, 133, 421, 533; era, 133, 135, *86, 265, 423, 477, 549, 678; politics, 134, 387 British Raj, 44, 45 Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 42 Buddhism, 38, 86, 92, 363-64, 657, 669 Bukeikhanov, Alikhan, 125 Bukhara, 52, 53, 62, 93, 95, 96-97, 98, 99, too, 104-5, II5, H7, I65, շօ6, 214, 312, 314, 318, 321, 324, 365-66, 368, 396, 489, 551, 552, 621, 624-26, 636, 661, 672-73, 695, 698; Emirate, 96-97, 98, in, 123, 161, 396, 621; Khanate, 89-93, 122, 123 Burkhanov, Umar, 413 car. See automobile Central Asian Association of Proletarian Writers, 130 Central Asian Economic Cooperation Organization, 50 Cherniaev, Gen. Mikhail Grigor’evich (1828-1898), 95, 104, 105, 107 Childcare, 132 290, 332, 334, 335, 338 Chorus Bazaar. See bazaar Christianity, 24, 42, 43, 02, no, 117, 363, 370-71, 669; church, 158; conversion, 30, 315; Evangelical, 299; Gnostic, 364; missions, 295; Nestorian, 86, 364; Orthodox, 73* INDEX 38, 132, 332, 368-69; Protestant, 368-69 civil society, 74, 232, 253, 347, 379-80, 390-92, 399, 537, 557, 585, 587-91, 597 civil war: Russia, 123, 127; Tajikistan, 3, 17, 57, 62, 71, 73, 76, 139, 14З, 153-54, 157, *57, 374, 379-83, 399, 414, 494, 508, 510-11, 513, 535, 587, 596, 601, 602, 680,
695-96 Cold War, 45, 48, 133, 531, 572, 574, 718 collective action, 464, 476, 525 Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), 5, 6, 11, 514 collectivization, 65-69, 119, 121,124, 126, 130, 458, 508, 675 Color Revolutions, 6, i8, 145, 146 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), 5, 50, 235, 385 Communist Party, 55, 66, 68, 69, 120, 127, 133-34, 135, 137,138-39, I51, 3*5, 333, 334, 368, 376, 4*3, 53°, 53*-33, 536, 601 conspiracy theories, 18, 61-63, 378, 557 constitution, 398-99, 401, 705 consumerism, 193, 212, 336, 580, 652 Crimea: annexation, 6, 514, 516-18; khanate, 122; spiritual assembly, 164 currency, 55, 461, 463, 468, 481-82, 515, 537 customary law, 109, 396-97, 401, 404 customs union, 6, 50, 156, 384, 514 daughter-in-law {kelin), 286, 290, 339-43, 35*, 685 dekulakization, 67, 69, 126 deportation, 26, 125-26, 152, 226, *33, *5*, 685 de-Sovietization, 202-3 de-Stalinization, 133 Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, 43, 105 Dordoi Bazaar. See bazaar
druzhba narodov. See friendship of the nations Dubai, 213, 215 Dungan, 26, 116, 158, 162, 245 Dushanbe, 32, 52, 54, 57, 63, 139-40, 154-55, Σ99, 2-ої, 2θ8, 2io, 258-60, зо8, 322, 406, 469, 509, 511-12, 536, 564, 594, 598, 603, 682, 688, 693, 695 dutar, 619, 627-28, 697-701 Eastern Turkestan. See Xinjiang economic cooperation, 395, 552. See also Central Asian Economic Cooperation Organization Edige, 55 enemies of the people, 125, 543, 594 Ershi, 489 Eurasian Economic Community, 6, 50 Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), 6, 8, 13, 39, 50, 156, 235, 240, 243, 384, 467-70, 514-18, 716 Eurasianism, 37-39 Euromaidan, 517 European Union (EU), 6, 10, 11,13, 39, 47, 408, 468, 516-17, 535, 584, 667 Facebook, 243, 543, 545 famine, 67-69, 119, 512 Ferghana Valley, 17, 88, 9-96, 99, 100, 104-5, ш, I3:4 τ34, 256, 258, 300, 306, 330, 385, 454-55, 486, 493, 559, 562.-63, 625, 627, 633, 722 First World War, 45, 113, 116, 118, 121, 530, 691 Five-Year Plans, 128, 134, 448 folktales, 55, 59-60, 629 friendship of the nations (friendship of peoples), 56, 102, 119-20, 134, 202, 216, 528, 555-56, 598, 678 Gapurov, Muhammetnazar G., 135 Gashtak, 59 Gay Propaganda Law, 336, 704-6 Genghis (Chinggis) Khan (d. 1227), 39, 87, 90, 94, 98, 429-30, 679 gift-giving, 238, 242, 291, 319 glasnost 71, 73, 531, 533, Global War on Terror, 9, 17, 47, 146, 469, 718 Golden Horde, 41, 86, 89-90, 121, 685 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 134, 137,140, 531, 533, 589 Great Game, 4, 45, 46-49, 97, 106, 385,452· Great Purges, 120,125-26, 135 green space, 184, 196, 204-6, 559, 564-65, 573 grocery store, 209, 213, 480 Gulag, 75, 125, 131,
416, 648 Gurgali, 55 Hanafi. See Islam heterosexuality, 252, 328, 332, 337 Hodjayeva, Ruzibi, 697-701 homosexuality, 133, 329, 337, 595, 705-6 houses of culture, 127, 219, 628 housing, 133, 184, 193, 196-98, 202, 210-12, 215, 218, 228, 231, 267, 435-36, 437, 458-59, 492-, 508, 573, 583, 695 hujum, 121,123, 184, 302 hydropower, 385, 446-47, 451-56, 458, 568 Ikramov, Akmal, 125 Inner Asia, 36, 37, 349, 352 internally displaced person (IDP), 432--37 International Monetary Fund (IMF), 15, 389, 459, 481 IRPT. See Islamic Revival Party of Tajikistan Irrigation, 67, 93-94, 96, 99, too, 109, 114, 116, 124, 182-85, ς87, 192-93, 4°°, 449-51, 455-56, 466, 492, 566, 569, 576, 577, 583, 673 Islam, 17, 24, 33-34, 38, 77, no, 117, 124, 3 23, 3 67, 511-12, 669, INDEX 733
718-19; art, 637; culture, 351, 721; expansion, 41,100, 182, 363-66, 632, 635, 656-57; Hanafi, 72-73, 166, 366, 403; identity, 298-301, 335, 554; Ismaili, 366, 494; mood, 420-24; morality, 316, 324, 372; persecution, 132, 320; political, 17, 47, 372-76; practice, 318, 323, 363, 370, 372, 595; regulation, 70-74, 143, 163-67; Shia, 88; 99, 366, 494; Sufi, 58, 63, 86, 88, 92, too, no, 132, 166, 318, 366-68, 373, 420, 423, 553, 632, 662; Sunni, 72-73, 86, 88, 366, 403, 494 Islamic Revival Party of Tajikistan (IRPT), 71-2, 139-40,155, 374, 558, 594-96 Jadid movement, 123,161,165-66, 332, 367-68, 666-68, 690-61 Jami, 88, 626, 662, 665 Jomi, Ahmadi, 58 Judaism, 63, 115, 125, 126, 129, 221, 233, 363, 365, 620, 706 Jungar (Zungar, Dzungar) Mongols, 54, 89, 91-92 Kainazarova, Zuurakan, 134 kandidat nauk 407, 408, 411, 510 Karimov, Islam, 6, 11, 138, 143-46, 156-57, З1?, 344, 368, 384, 386, 399, 481-82, 495, 536-38, 541, 587, 602, 684 Karimova, Gulnara, 16, 61-62, 389, 466, 482 KarLag, 125 Karluk, 41 Kasymov, Kenesary, 104, 122, 685 kazi. See qazi kelin. See daughter-in-law Khasenova, Bazaraim, 131 Khiva, 66, 93, 97-100,103, 105,122, 396, 621, 625, 626, 627, 636, 672, 698 Khojaev, Faizullah, 125, 666 Khoqand. See Kokand 734 INDEX Khorezm (Khwarezm), 59, 65-68, 97, 98, 123, 188, 192, 400, 489, 625 Khrushchev,Nikita, 124,132-34, 186 kinship, 59, 219, 242, 285, 302, 339, 348֊5O, 467, 541, 549, 552, 600, 606-8, 658 Kiyizbaeva, Saira, 130, 131,135 Kojomkol, 204, 206 Kokand (Khoqand), 117, 621, 625, 626; Khanate, 89, 93-100, 104-5, 122, 396, 621, 639 kolkhoz (collective farm), 65-69,
134-35,181,183-89,190, 195, 492, 512, 606 Komsomol, 76,127,131, 507-8, 674 korenizatsiya (indigenization), 102, 120, 528 Krupskaia, Nadezhda, 131 Kuiukova, Darkul, 130 kul’turnost, 130 kulak (wealthy farmer), 66-69,120, 126, 509 Kumtor gold mine, 451, 454, 461-62, 474-76, 483, 566, 569-70 Kümüshalieva, Sabira, 119-22, 129-30, 132, 135 Kunaev, Dinmukhamed A., 133, 135 Kydykeeva, Baken, 130 legal reform, 325, 393-95, 397, 399, 404 Lenin, Vladimir, 107, 127,170,198, 451, 528, 530, 531, 672; statue, 202-3, 213, 645 Leninism, 53, 127, 133, 138, 302 LGBT, 336, 338, 557, 702-5 literacy, 68, 127-28, 266, 491, 493, 501-5, 5շ8, 583, 592, 632, 642, 666, 669, livestock, 23, 66-67, 109, 116, 118-20, 124, 166, 182, 185, 187, 190-91, 218, 237-38, 240, 249, 286, 288-90, 328, 341, 489, 564, 577 mahalla, 28-31, 294, 312-15, 344-47, 565, 600-603
Maldybaev, Abdylas, 119 Manas·, airport, 9, 149; epic, 54-55, 57, 59, 317, 335, 42-8, 555, 630-31, 645; manaschi, 55, 59, 428, 555, 630-31 Manghit tribe, 91-92, 96, 98-100 mashrap, 58-59 mekhnatkash, 485-87, 500 Merv, 105, 122, 489, 636 middle-class, 150, 171, 207, 209, 215, nomadism, 121, 553, 621, 629; “spiritual nomadism,” 483 nomenklatura, 71, 73,127, 398, 536 North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 5, 6, it, 517, 667 nuclear: power, 468, 571-72; test sites, 124, 579, 645 Nur-Sultan (Astana), 32, 150, 155, 196, 198-202, 208, 209, 210-11, 387, 390, 412, 453, 518, 686 2-38, 309, 42·3~2·4, 470, 5бо, 580 Millennium Development Goals, 49 minerals: mining, 13, 124, 169, 454-55; resources, 22, 310, 445-46, 461-62, 470, 567, 569-71, 586-87 Mirziyoyev, Shavkat, 11, 156, 386, 413, 482., 536 Mirzoev, Abdulghani, 52 Mongol yoke, 42 Mughal Empire, 88, 95, 664 Muhammad Shibani Khan (14511510), 88, 89, 90 Mukhitdinov, Nuritdin A., 133 music conservatory: study, 693; 698; national, 619, 628, 697-699, 701 Offshoring, 16—16, 19, 22, 263, 378, 380, 385, 389-90, 392, 466 oqsoqol. See aksakal oral tradition: story, 59-60, 621-22, 629-31, 633 Orenburg-Tashkent Railway, 113, 116, 122, 124 Orientalism 70, 102, 158, 332, 530, 637-38 Osh, 24, 29, 62, 148, 149, 214, 243, 246, 256, 259, 260, 314, 342, 383, 476, 489, 559-60, 564, 573, 576 Ottoman, 22, 86, 88, 117, 161, 662 Nadir Shah (d. 1747), 89, 91, 98 Naqshbandiyya, 62, 88, 92-93, 132, 164, 166, 318, 323, 366, 368, 662 Naryn: region, 243, 250, 410, 571, 577; river, 451, 570 National Territorial Delimitation (NTD), 45, 123, 550 nationalities
policy, 121, 385, 550-51 Nazarbayev University, 7, 200, 412, 413 Nazarbayev, Nursultan, 138-39, 141, 151, 156-57, 199-200, 208, 211, 373, 387, 465-66, 495, 517-518, 534-35, 537, 545, 586, 668, 685 Nazarbayeva, Dariga, 151, 157, 535, 541 Niyazov, Saparmurat, 4, 138-42, 153, 200, 203, 261-66, 374, 386, 414-15, 502-3, 536, 586, 668, 681 Nizami, 626, 661-62, 665, 670 Pahlen, Count Konstantin Konstantinovich, 109, 113 Panjakent, 53, 683 Pan-Turkism, 47, 3 83, 666, 669-70, 679 paranji, 68, 166 Pavlik Morozov, 133 Pavlodar, 206, 579 perestroika, 71, 73, 167, 218, 379, 458, 472·, 531, 533, 589, 636, 695 permafrost, 230, 321, 566, 570, 581 Perovskii, Count Vasilit Alexeevich, 103, Peter I (the Great), 44, 121 Petrossiants, Ashot, 698 pioneer, 127, 507-8 pluralism, 6, 139, 151,153, 374, 535, 561, 620, 622, 634 Politburo of the Communist Party, 133, 163 Polo, Marco, 42 INDEX 735
polygamy, 131, 289, 294-95, 325, 331, Sakha, Republic of, 213, 234, 236, 334, 583 privatization, 143, 187, 387, 452, 454, 459-60, 463, 465, 480-82, 571, 239-40, 245-47, 250-52, 254 Samanids, 53, 54, 621, 657, 659 Samarkand (Samarqand), 86-90, 97, 100, 105, 108, in-15, 117, 122, 344-45, 365, 551, 621, 624, 625, 626, 636, 661, 695, 698 Second World War (Great Patriotic War): experience of, 21, 26, 68, 69; media, 531-32; post-war development, 5, 128, 458, 492-93; post-war reforms, 492; relocation, 126, 129, 134, 431, 674; religious restrictions, 132, 163, 367; stories, 56; veteran of, 693 sedentary population, 23-24, 26, 365, 550, 621, 633 Seifullin, Saken, 125 seminomadic, 116, 132, 330, 331, 573, 577-78, 585-87 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 418 proletarian, 130, 320, 532, 622, 627 propiska, 197, շշւ, 232, 240, 241, 243, 467 Putin, Vladimir, 5, 9, 216, 232, 235, 251, 255, 516-17, 685, 705 Qaralaev, Sayaqbay, 55 qazi (kazi, Islamic judge), 109-10, 403 Qing, 92-96, 103, 158-62 Qongrat tribe, 93, 98-99 Rahmon, Emomali, 57, 62-63, 7°, 73, 140, 153-55, 157, 385, 465, 495, 536, 542, 587, 596, 603 raja (payments among kin), 242, 249 Rashidov, Sharof R. 133, 135 Rasulov, Akbar, 393-94, 399, 404 Rasulov, Jabbor, 135 reiderstvo (asset-grabbing), 477-79 remittances, 6, 13, 155, 192-93, 2M, 229, 235, 237, 249-50, 255, 295, 307, 3I9, 467, 498, 515, 587, 591, 593, 718 resettlement, 112, 113,185, 695 ritual, 77, 132,135, 166,182, 184-85, 29i-94, 312, 3M, 3Ϊ5, 321, 324, 345, 362, 367, Յ70, 375, 398, 420, 422-24, 429, 600, 602, 629, 644, 658 Rudaki: district, 596;
poet, 52-54, 659-60, 665 Ruziev, Kobil 413 Ryskulov, Turar, 125 SADŮM (Spiritual Administration of the Muslims of Central Asia and Kazakhstan), 71-73, 132, 163-67, 367-68, 373 Safavid, 40, 88-89 736 INDEX 365 Semirechie, 104, 108, in-13, 116 separatism, 7, 383, 517 Shahnameh, 59, 678 Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), 7-8, 10, ii, 50 sharia (Islamic law), 109, 165, 331, 374, 376, 396-97, 403 Shia. See Islam shopping mali, 200, 207-10, 546 Siberia, 37-38, 78, 96, in, 126,159, 164, 230 Silk Road, 7, 12-13, 22 27, 39՜42 44, 8y, 90, іб2, 257, 467, 552, 555, 557, 644, 682 Skobelev, Gen. Mikhail Dmitrievich (1843 - 1882), 43, 96, 105 social contract, 157, 218, 491 social media: communication medium, 57, 250, 307, 548, 579; journalism and, 423, 430, 527, 561, 572; misinformation, 542, 707; restrictions of, 18; violence, 250 Socialist Realism, 130, 636, 638-42, 674, 691 Solomon’s Mountain, 62, 372, 559 Spiritual Administration of the
Muslims in Central Asia and Kazakhstan. See SADUM sports, 327, 260, 530-31; events, 607, 693; palace, 204, 206; World Nomad Games, 425—30, 554-55 Stakhanov, Aleksei G., 134 Stalin, Joseph, 26, 65, 69,128,132-34, 164, 204, 367, 397, 431, 636, 642, 684 state predation, 374, 473-74, 483 Sufiism. See Islam Sunni. See Islam Talas, 531, battle of, 41, 92, 365; protests, 149, 577 Tashkent, 8, 9, it, 32, 36, 62, 69, 94-95, 97, 100, 104, 107, 108, in-13, 115-17, 122-24, 133, 143, 156, 163-65, 167, 196, 199, 201, 204, 210, 258, 316, 413, 541, 564, 619, 625, 642, 672-73, 676, 677, 678, 683, 685, 695, 697-701 Tashkent Soviet of Workers’ and Peasants’ Deputies, 123 Tasmagambetov, Imangali, 518 Telegram, 252 Tengrism, 552, 554 tema, 338, territorial integrity, 431-32, 437, 518 Tien Shan Mountains, 41, 211, 562, 565, 566, 569 Timur (Tamerlane, 1336-1405), 47, 85, 86-89, 91, 317, 335 titular nationalities, 120, 121,129, i35 ІЗ8, 333 556 toi (to’y, tui·, celebration), 59, 166, 242, 291-94 Tolstoy, Leo, 43, 668, 684, Tournament of Shadows, 45. See also Great Game tractor, 32, 65-69, 185, 187, 191, 449; driver, 492 Trans-Caspian Railway, 112, 114, 122, 124 transportation: goods, 461, 496, 569; infrastructure, 21, 48, 114, 124, 197; modes, 196, 230, 495, 563; public, 296, 504, 689 Tsar Ivan III (“The Great”), 42, 44, 122 Tsar Ivan IV (“The Terrible”), 42, 44, 90, 102 TsUM (Tsentral’nyi Universal’nyi Magazin), 208 Turajonzoda, Hoji Akbar, 62 Turkestan (region), 38, 46, 97, 102, 105, 108-9, nl 113-18, izi։ 12-2·26, 158, i6i, 164-65, 286, 329-30, 497, 529, 620, 622, 623, 625, 626, 638, 639, 642,
654, 672-73 Türkistan (city), 62, 104, 366, 420, 489, 553 636 Turkestan governor-generalship, 102, 108, 161 Turkic khanate, 38, 656 Turkmenbashi. See Niyazov, Saparmurat Turksib (Turkestan-Siberian) Railroad, 124; film, 673 tuulgan jer (place of birth), 234, 241 Twitter, 62, 430 Tynyshpaev, Mukhamedzan, 125 Tynystanov, Kasym, 125 ulama (Islamic scholars), 70-73, 132, 163-67, 366, 690 unveiling. See hujum Ural Mountains, 37-38, 112 urban landscape, 198, 202, 212, 231 urban planning, 184, 197, 199-200, 204, 210-13 Ürkün (1916 Revolt), in, 113, 118, 120-22 Usubaliev, Turdakun U., 135 Vernyi, 112-13, 162 Virgin Lands, 133, 185, 458, 651, Von Kaufman, Gen. Konstantin Petrovich, 96, 105-6, no, 114, 164 wedding: anniversary, 291; celebration, 28, 60, 181,193, 242, 258, 285, INDEX 737
289, 29і, 2-94; food, 30; life-cycle ritual, 345 WhatsApp, 236, 239-40, 243, 250-51, *53-54 World Bank: donor activities, 450, 574, 584, 604; International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID), 480, 483; introduced reforms,186, 459 World Trade Organization (WTO), 13, 50, 306, 407 xenophobia, 232, 252, 255, 499, 556, 709 Xinjiang, 7-8, 12, 17, 36, 58, 92-93, 95, 122, 158-62, 496-97, 652, 654, 655-57։ 663, 665, 667, 669, 697 Xorazm. See Khorezm 73» INOEK Yaqub Beg, 122 yntymak (solidarity, unity), 248, 254; diaspora group, 253 Young Bukharans, 123 Yuezhi-Kushans, 40 Yusup Khass Hajib, 657-58, 663-65, 666 zaouchnaya rabota, 410, 412 Zenkov Cathedral, 206, 369 Zhansugurov, Ilyas, 125 Ziyaeva, Malikakhon, 697 Zoroastrianism, 60, 86, 363-64, 400, 669 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München |
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| contents | Intro -- Contents -- About this Book -- About the Notes -- Note on Transliteration and Spelling -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Central Asia in Context | David W. Montgomery -- Mapping Context | Julien Thorez and Emmanuel Giraudet -- Maps -- Part I. Contextualizing Central Asia -- 1. Central Asia as Global | Alexander Cooley -- 2. Central Asia as Local | Morgan Y. Liu -- 3. Central Asia as Place | Alexander C. Diener and Nick Megoran -- 4. Central Asia as Story | Benjamin Gatling -- Cases -- I-A. Ordinary Soviet Life through Collectivization | Marianne Kamp -- I-B. Regulation and Appropriation of Islam in Authoritarian Political Contexts | Tim Epkenhans -- I-C. Migration from the Deep South to the Far North as Central Asian "Glocalism" | Marlène Laruelle -- Discussion Questions and Further Reading -- Part II. Contexts of History -- 5. Precolonial Central Asia | Scott C. Levi -- 6. Colonial Central Asia | Alexander Morrison -- 7. Soviet Central Asia | Ali İğmen -- 8. Post-Soviet Central Asia | David G. Lewis -- Cases -- II-A. The Rise of Vali Bay, an Entrepreneur between Two Empires | David Brophy -- II-B. The Management of Islam in the Late Soviet Period | Adeeb Khalid -- III-C. Gendered Aspects of Soviet Industrialization in Ak Tyuz | Botakoz Kassymbekova -- Discussion Questions and Further Reading -- Part III. Contexts of Living -- 9. Rural Life | Tommaso Trevisani -- 10. Urban Life | Natalie Koch -- 11. Migratory Life | Madeleine Reeves -- 12. Diaspora Life | Medina Aitieva -- Cases -- III-A. Mobility and the Rural Modern along Tajikistan's Pamir Highway | Till Mostowlansky -- III-B. From Potemkin Village to Real Life in Turkmenistan | Sebastian Peyrouse -- III-C. Private Education, Inequality, and the Growing Social Divide in Bishkek | Emil Nasritdinov, Aigoul Abdoubaetova, and Gulnora Iskandarova |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1334031301 (DE-599)BVBBV048285997 |
| discipline | Geschichte Geographie |
| discipline_str_mv | Geschichte Geographie |
| era | Geschichte gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| publisher | University of Pittsburgh Press |
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| series2 | Central Eurasia in context series |
| spelling | Central Asia contexts for understanding edited David W. Montgomery Pittsburgh, Pa. University of Pittsburgh Press [2022] xliii, 738 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Central Eurasia in context series Intro -- Contents -- About this Book -- About the Notes -- Note on Transliteration and Spelling -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Central Asia in Context | David W. Montgomery -- Mapping Context | Julien Thorez and Emmanuel Giraudet -- Maps -- Part I. Contextualizing Central Asia -- 1. Central Asia as Global | Alexander Cooley -- 2. Central Asia as Local | Morgan Y. Liu -- 3. Central Asia as Place | Alexander C. Diener and Nick Megoran -- 4. Central Asia as Story | Benjamin Gatling -- Cases -- I-A. Ordinary Soviet Life through Collectivization | Marianne Kamp -- I-B. Regulation and Appropriation of Islam in Authoritarian Political Contexts | Tim Epkenhans -- I-C. Migration from the Deep South to the Far North as Central Asian "Glocalism" | Marlène Laruelle -- Discussion Questions and Further Reading -- Part II. Contexts of History -- 5. Precolonial Central Asia | Scott C. Levi -- 6. Colonial Central Asia | Alexander Morrison -- 7. Soviet Central Asia | Ali İğmen -- 8. Post-Soviet Central Asia | David G. Lewis -- Cases -- II-A. The Rise of Vali Bay, an Entrepreneur between Two Empires | David Brophy -- II-B. The Management of Islam in the Late Soviet Period | Adeeb Khalid -- III-C. Gendered Aspects of Soviet Industrialization in Ak Tyuz | Botakoz Kassymbekova -- Discussion Questions and Further Reading -- Part III. Contexts of Living -- 9. Rural Life | Tommaso Trevisani -- 10. Urban Life | Natalie Koch -- 11. Migratory Life | Madeleine Reeves -- 12. Diaspora Life | Medina Aitieva -- Cases -- III-A. Mobility and the Rural Modern along Tajikistan's Pamir Highway | Till Mostowlansky -- III-B. From Potemkin Village to Real Life in Turkmenistan | Sebastian Peyrouse -- III-C. Private Education, Inequality, and the Growing Social Divide in Bishkek | Emil Nasritdinov, Aigoul Abdoubaetova, and Gulnora Iskandarova Central Asia is a diverse and complex region of the world often characterized in the West as being difficult to access. Central Asia: Contexts for Understanding offers the most comprehensive introduction to the region available. Combining thematic chapters with case studies, readers will learn to appreciate the interconnected aspects of life in Central Asia. These wide-ranging, easy-to-understand contributions from some of the leading scholars in the field provide the context needed to understand Central Asia and presents a launching-off point for further research. Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Gesellschaft (DE-588)4020588-5 gnd rswk-swf Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 gnd rswk-swf Mittelasien (DE-588)4039661-7 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Mittelasien (DE-588)4039661-7 g Gesellschaft (DE-588)4020588-5 s Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 s Geschichte z DE-604 Montgomery, David W. (DE-588)1123096058 edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-0-8229-8827-4 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033666100&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033666100&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Central Asia contexts for understanding Intro -- Contents -- About this Book -- About the Notes -- Note on Transliteration and Spelling -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Central Asia in Context | David W. Montgomery -- Mapping Context | Julien Thorez and Emmanuel Giraudet -- Maps -- Part I. Contextualizing Central Asia -- 1. Central Asia as Global | Alexander Cooley -- 2. Central Asia as Local | Morgan Y. Liu -- 3. Central Asia as Place | Alexander C. Diener and Nick Megoran -- 4. Central Asia as Story | Benjamin Gatling -- Cases -- I-A. Ordinary Soviet Life through Collectivization | Marianne Kamp -- I-B. Regulation and Appropriation of Islam in Authoritarian Political Contexts | Tim Epkenhans -- I-C. Migration from the Deep South to the Far North as Central Asian "Glocalism" | Marlène Laruelle -- Discussion Questions and Further Reading -- Part II. Contexts of History -- 5. Precolonial Central Asia | Scott C. Levi -- 6. Colonial Central Asia | Alexander Morrison -- 7. Soviet Central Asia | Ali İğmen -- 8. Post-Soviet Central Asia | David G. Lewis -- Cases -- II-A. The Rise of Vali Bay, an Entrepreneur between Two Empires | David Brophy -- II-B. The Management of Islam in the Late Soviet Period | Adeeb Khalid -- III-C. Gendered Aspects of Soviet Industrialization in Ak Tyuz | Botakoz Kassymbekova -- Discussion Questions and Further Reading -- Part III. Contexts of Living -- 9. Rural Life | Tommaso Trevisani -- 10. Urban Life | Natalie Koch -- 11. Migratory Life | Madeleine Reeves -- 12. Diaspora Life | Medina Aitieva -- Cases -- III-A. Mobility and the Rural Modern along Tajikistan's Pamir Highway | Till Mostowlansky -- III-B. From Potemkin Village to Real Life in Turkmenistan | Sebastian Peyrouse -- III-C. Private Education, Inequality, and the Growing Social Divide in Bishkek | Emil Nasritdinov, Aigoul Abdoubaetova, and Gulnora Iskandarova Gesellschaft (DE-588)4020588-5 gnd Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4020588-5 (DE-588)4125698-0 (DE-588)4039661-7 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Central Asia contexts for understanding |
| title_auth | Central Asia contexts for understanding |
| title_exact_search | Central Asia contexts for understanding |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Central Asia contexts for understanding |
| title_full | Central Asia contexts for understanding edited David W. Montgomery |
| title_fullStr | Central Asia contexts for understanding edited David W. Montgomery |
| title_full_unstemmed | Central Asia contexts for understanding edited David W. Montgomery |
| title_short | Central Asia |
| title_sort | central asia contexts for understanding |
| title_sub | contexts for understanding |
| topic | Gesellschaft (DE-588)4020588-5 gnd Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Gesellschaft Kultur Mittelasien Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033666100&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033666100&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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