Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt: Best Management Practices and Evaluation
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cham
Springer International Publishing AG
2020
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Springer Water Ser
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Beschreibung: | Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources |
| Beschreibung: | 1 Online-Ressource (364 pages) |
| ISBN: | 9783030303754 |
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| 505 | 8 | |a Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Introduction -- Introduction to "Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt: Best Management Practices and Evaluation" -- 1 Background/Overview -- 2 Themes of the Book -- 3 Chapters' Summary -- 3.1 Irrigation Practice: Problems and Evaluation -- 3.2 Smart Irrigation Technology -- 3.3 Irrigation Management -- 3.4 Update Irrigation System Design -- 3.5 Water Reuse and Treatment -- References -- Irrigation Practice: Problems and Evaluation -- Irrigation: Water Resources, Types and Common Problems in Egypt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Egyptian Water Resources Management History -- 3 Water Scarcities and Low Irrigation Efficiency in Egypt -- 3.1 Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD): View Point -- 4 Water Resources of Egypt -- 4.1 Conventional Water Resources -- 4.2 Nonconventional Water Resources -- 5 Irrigation Systems and Their Common Problems -- 5.1 Surface Irrigation -- 5.2 Irrigation Using Sprinkler Systems -- 5.3 Drip Irrigation -- 5.4 Subsurface Irrigation -- 6 Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Need for Evaluation of Irrigation Schemes and Irrigation Systems -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Basic Concepts and Terms -- 3 Irrigation Methods -- 3.1 Basin -- 3.2 Basin Check -- 3.3 Border Strip -- 3.4 Furrow or Corrugation -- 3.5 Sprinkler -- 3.6 Trickle (or Drip) Emitter -- 4 Efficiency and Uniformity of Irrigation -- 5 Essential Deficit Irrigation -- 6 High-Frequency Irrigation -- 7 Uniformity, Efficiency, and Economics -- 8 Conclusions -- 9 Recommendations -- References -- Evolution of Irrigation System, Tools and Technologies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Stages of Development -- 2.1 Pre-history -- 2.2 Post-history Stage -- 2.3 Nineteenth-Century Stage -- 2.4 The First Half of the Twentieth-Century Stage -- 2.5 Stage of Continuous Storage of Nile Water -- 2.6 Basins Irrigation System in Egypt | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 3 Ancient Egyptian Irrigation Tools -- 3.1 Shadoof -- 3.2 Tanbour -- 3.3 Water Wheel (Saqia) -- 4 Irrigation in Egypt Today -- References -- Smart Irrigation Technology -- Smart Sensing System for Precision Agriculture -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Precision Agriculture from Remote Sensing to Proximal Sensing -- 2.1 Smartphone-Based Precision Agriculture -- 2.2 Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (PXRF) for Soil Analysis -- 2.3 Multistripe Laser Triangulation (MLT) Scanning for Soil Physical Analysis -- 2.4 Reflectance Spectroscopy for Soil-Plant Properties Measurement -- 2.5 Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electromagnetic Induction for Underground Sensing -- 2.6 Thermal Infrared and Acoustic Sensor for Disease Detection -- 3 An Internet of Things and a Cloud-Based for Smart Precision Agriculture -- 3.1 On-Line Smart Farming Concept -- 3.2 Overall Framework of the Proposed System for Precision Agriculture -- 3.3 Strengths and Weaknesses of the System -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Development of Recent Information and Data on Irrigation Technology and Management -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data Records -- 2.1 Data and Records of Irrigator -- 2.2 Data and Records of Irrigation Management Advisor (IMA) -- 2.3 Data and Records of Agricultural Extension Worker (AEW) -- 2.4 Data and Records of Experts -- 2.5 Data and Records of the External Evaluators -- 3 Data and Information Required for Irrigation -- 3.1 Crop Evapotranspiration (ETc) -- 3.2 Crop Coefficients -- 3.3 Crop Types -- 3.4 Climate -- 3.5 Data and Records of Water and Soil -- 3.6 Stages of Crop Growth -- 4 Evapotranspiration Concepts -- 4.1 Crop Evapotranspiration and Irrigation Requirements -- 4.2 Irrigation Scheduling -- 4.3 Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) -- 5 Calculation of Crop Water and Irrigation Requirements Using Computer Software -- 5.1 Model of the FAO CROPWAT. | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 5.2 Program of Crops Sequence or Rotation -- 5.3 The Efficacious Rainfall and the Reference Crop Evapotranspiration (ETo) Calculation -- 5.4 Net Irrigation and Irrigation Requirements -- 6 Detailed Assessment and Specific Data for the Pilot Areas -- 6.1 Soil Sampling -- 6.2 Soil Analysis -- 6.3 Water Balance Calculation -- 6.4 Groundwater Monitoring -- 6.5 Irrigation and Groundwater Analysis -- 6.6 Analysis of Surface and Subsurface Drainage -- 7 Conclusions -- 8 Recommendations -- References -- Medicinal Plants in Hydroponic System Under Water-Deficit Conditions-A Way to Save Water -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Irrigation in Hydroponics -- 2.1 Irrigation Control Methods in Medicinal Plants Grown in Hydroponic Systems [5] -- 2.2 Occasional Irrigation -- 2.3 Pulse Irrigation -- 2.4 High-Frequency Irrigation -- 2.5 Layout of Irrigation Systems in Hydroponics [13, 14] -- 2.6 Deficit Irrigation (DI) -- 3 Hydroponics, Aquaponics, and Aeroponics -- 3.1 Type of Hydroponics -- 4 Aquaponics Can Serve as Saving Water [43, 44] -- 4.1 What Is Aquaponics? -- 4.2 Aquaponics System Does Not Require Machinery -- 5 Hydroponics and Fish [43, 46] -- 6 Irrigation Control in Hydroponics: Hydroponics Systems and Deficit Irrigation -- 6.1 Irrigation in Hydroponics -- 6.2 Water Conservation in Hydroponics -- 7 Growing Medicinal Plants in Hydroponic Systems -- 7.1 Growing Medicinal Plants in Sand Culture, the Higher Commonly Used System, as a Hydroponic System -- 8 Using Biostimulants for Production Medicinal Plant in Sand Culture -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Irrigation Management -- Accurate Estimation of Crop Coefficients for Better Irrigation Water Management in Egypt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Agro-Climatic Zoning in Egypt -- 3 Calculation of ETo -- 4 Crop Coefficients in the Agro-Climatic Zones of Egypt -- 4.1 Weather Descriptions of the Agro-Climatic Zones of Egypt | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 4.2 Planting and Harvest Date for the Selected Crops -- 4.3 Kc for Crops Grown in the First Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.4 Kc for Crops Grown in the Second Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.5 Kc for Crops Grown in the Third Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.6 Kc for Crops Grown in the Fourth Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.7 Kc for Crops Grown in the Fifth Agro-Climatic Zones -- 5 Water Consumptive Use for Crops in the Agro-Climatic Zones -- 6 Comparison Between Measured and Estimated Values of Water Consumptive Use -- 7 Conclusions -- 8 Recommendations -- References -- Vermicomposting Impacts on Agriculture in Egypt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Vermicomposting -- 2.1 Vermicomposting Process: Requirements -- 2.2 Vermicomposting Species -- 2.3 Vermicomposting: Important Factors -- 2.4 Earthworm Categories -- 2.5 Egypt: Native Earthworms -- 3 Compost -- 3.1 Compost Versus Vermicompost -- 4 Gap Analysis of Current Scenario of on-Farm Along with Organic Waste Management Practices in Egypt -- 4.1 On-Farm Organic Waste -- 4.2 Urban Wastes -- 4.3 Municipal Solid Waste -- 5 Fertilizer Status in Egypt -- 5.1 Vermicompost as Fertilizers in Egypt -- 5.2 Vermicomposting of Agricultural Wastes -- 5.3 Urban Waste Vermicomposting -- 5.4 Vermicomposts Effect on Plant Growth -- 6 Environmental Impacts of Current on-Farm and Urban Organic Waste Management Practices -- 6.1 Emissions from Vermicompost -- 6.2 Total Emissions from Waste Sector in Egypt -- 6.3 Emissions from Agricultural Wastes -- 6.4 Analysis of the Egyptian Context and Applicability of Vermiculture as a Means of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction -- 7 Mitigating Greenhouse Gas from the Solid Wastes -- 8 Benefits of Vermicompost to Save Water -- 9 Conclusions -- References -- Irrigation Water Use Efficiency and Economic Water Productivity of Different Plants Under Egyptian Conditions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 IWUE and EWP Definition | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 3 Effect of Experimental Location on IWUE -- 4 Effect of Some Management Procedures on IWUE -- 4.1 Irrigation Rate and Frequency -- 4.2 Irrigation System -- 4.3 Soil Treatments -- 4.4 Plant Treatments -- 5 Comparison Between Some of IWUE and EWP Values Under Both Egyptian and Worldwide Conditions -- 6 Conclusion -- 7 Recommendations -- References -- Irrigation System Design -- Improving Performance of Surface Irrigation System by Designing Pipes for Water Conveyance and On-Farm Distribution -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Primary Theories of Water Flow by Pipes -- 2.1 Water Pressure-Static and Dynamic Head -- 2.2 Calculation of Head Losses in Pipe Flow -- 2.3 Designing Pipe Sizes for Irrigation Water Flow -- 3 General Considerations for Designing Surface Irrigation System -- 3.1 Variables in Surface Irrigation System -- 3.2 Hydraulics of Surface Irrigation System -- 4 Irrigation Efficiencies -- 4.1 Application Efficiency -- 4.2 Storage Efficiency/Water Requirement Efficiency -- 4.3 Irrigation Distribution Uniformity -- 4.4 Uniformity Coefficient -- 4.5 Low-Quarter Distribution Uniformity -- 5 Performance Evaluation -- 5.1 Concept, Objective, and Purpose of Performance Evaluation -- 5.2 Performance Indicators -- 5.3 Engineering Indicators -- 5.4 On-Farm Water Use Indicators -- 5.5 Crop and Water Productivity -- 5.6 Socioeconomic Indicators -- 6 Ideal Situation for Estimation of Irrigation System -- 7 Performance Assessment of Surface Irrigation System -- 7.1 Border Irrigation Evaluation -- 7.2 Basin Irrigation Evaluation -- 7.3 Furrow Irrigation Evaluation -- 8 Improving Performance of Surface Irrigation System -- 9 Case Studies from Egypt -- 9.1 Improving Irrigation Efficiency -- 9.2 Some of the Obstacles and Constraints -- 10 Conclusions -- 11 Recommendations -- References -- Micro-sprinkler Irrigation of Orchard -- 1 Introduction | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 2 Types and Irrigation System | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804184004102979584 |
|---|---|
| adam_txt | |
| any_adam_object | |
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| author | Omran, El-Sayed E. |
| author_facet | Omran, El-Sayed E. |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Omran, El-Sayed E. |
| author_variant | e s e o ese eseo |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV048222593 |
| collection | ZDB-30-PQE |
| contents | Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Introduction -- Introduction to "Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt: Best Management Practices and Evaluation" -- 1 Background/Overview -- 2 Themes of the Book -- 3 Chapters' Summary -- 3.1 Irrigation Practice: Problems and Evaluation -- 3.2 Smart Irrigation Technology -- 3.3 Irrigation Management -- 3.4 Update Irrigation System Design -- 3.5 Water Reuse and Treatment -- References -- Irrigation Practice: Problems and Evaluation -- Irrigation: Water Resources, Types and Common Problems in Egypt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Egyptian Water Resources Management History -- 3 Water Scarcities and Low Irrigation Efficiency in Egypt -- 3.1 Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD): View Point -- 4 Water Resources of Egypt -- 4.1 Conventional Water Resources -- 4.2 Nonconventional Water Resources -- 5 Irrigation Systems and Their Common Problems -- 5.1 Surface Irrigation -- 5.2 Irrigation Using Sprinkler Systems -- 5.3 Drip Irrigation -- 5.4 Subsurface Irrigation -- 6 Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Need for Evaluation of Irrigation Schemes and Irrigation Systems -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Basic Concepts and Terms -- 3 Irrigation Methods -- 3.1 Basin -- 3.2 Basin Check -- 3.3 Border Strip -- 3.4 Furrow or Corrugation -- 3.5 Sprinkler -- 3.6 Trickle (or Drip) Emitter -- 4 Efficiency and Uniformity of Irrigation -- 5 Essential Deficit Irrigation -- 6 High-Frequency Irrigation -- 7 Uniformity, Efficiency, and Economics -- 8 Conclusions -- 9 Recommendations -- References -- Evolution of Irrigation System, Tools and Technologies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Stages of Development -- 2.1 Pre-history -- 2.2 Post-history Stage -- 2.3 Nineteenth-Century Stage -- 2.4 The First Half of the Twentieth-Century Stage -- 2.5 Stage of Continuous Storage of Nile Water -- 2.6 Basins Irrigation System in Egypt 3 Ancient Egyptian Irrigation Tools -- 3.1 Shadoof -- 3.2 Tanbour -- 3.3 Water Wheel (Saqia) -- 4 Irrigation in Egypt Today -- References -- Smart Irrigation Technology -- Smart Sensing System for Precision Agriculture -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Precision Agriculture from Remote Sensing to Proximal Sensing -- 2.1 Smartphone-Based Precision Agriculture -- 2.2 Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (PXRF) for Soil Analysis -- 2.3 Multistripe Laser Triangulation (MLT) Scanning for Soil Physical Analysis -- 2.4 Reflectance Spectroscopy for Soil-Plant Properties Measurement -- 2.5 Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electromagnetic Induction for Underground Sensing -- 2.6 Thermal Infrared and Acoustic Sensor for Disease Detection -- 3 An Internet of Things and a Cloud-Based for Smart Precision Agriculture -- 3.1 On-Line Smart Farming Concept -- 3.2 Overall Framework of the Proposed System for Precision Agriculture -- 3.3 Strengths and Weaknesses of the System -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Development of Recent Information and Data on Irrigation Technology and Management -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data Records -- 2.1 Data and Records of Irrigator -- 2.2 Data and Records of Irrigation Management Advisor (IMA) -- 2.3 Data and Records of Agricultural Extension Worker (AEW) -- 2.4 Data and Records of Experts -- 2.5 Data and Records of the External Evaluators -- 3 Data and Information Required for Irrigation -- 3.1 Crop Evapotranspiration (ETc) -- 3.2 Crop Coefficients -- 3.3 Crop Types -- 3.4 Climate -- 3.5 Data and Records of Water and Soil -- 3.6 Stages of Crop Growth -- 4 Evapotranspiration Concepts -- 4.1 Crop Evapotranspiration and Irrigation Requirements -- 4.2 Irrigation Scheduling -- 4.3 Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) -- 5 Calculation of Crop Water and Irrigation Requirements Using Computer Software -- 5.1 Model of the FAO CROPWAT. 5.2 Program of Crops Sequence or Rotation -- 5.3 The Efficacious Rainfall and the Reference Crop Evapotranspiration (ETo) Calculation -- 5.4 Net Irrigation and Irrigation Requirements -- 6 Detailed Assessment and Specific Data for the Pilot Areas -- 6.1 Soil Sampling -- 6.2 Soil Analysis -- 6.3 Water Balance Calculation -- 6.4 Groundwater Monitoring -- 6.5 Irrigation and Groundwater Analysis -- 6.6 Analysis of Surface and Subsurface Drainage -- 7 Conclusions -- 8 Recommendations -- References -- Medicinal Plants in Hydroponic System Under Water-Deficit Conditions-A Way to Save Water -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Irrigation in Hydroponics -- 2.1 Irrigation Control Methods in Medicinal Plants Grown in Hydroponic Systems [5] -- 2.2 Occasional Irrigation -- 2.3 Pulse Irrigation -- 2.4 High-Frequency Irrigation -- 2.5 Layout of Irrigation Systems in Hydroponics [13, 14] -- 2.6 Deficit Irrigation (DI) -- 3 Hydroponics, Aquaponics, and Aeroponics -- 3.1 Type of Hydroponics -- 4 Aquaponics Can Serve as Saving Water [43, 44] -- 4.1 What Is Aquaponics? -- 4.2 Aquaponics System Does Not Require Machinery -- 5 Hydroponics and Fish [43, 46] -- 6 Irrigation Control in Hydroponics: Hydroponics Systems and Deficit Irrigation -- 6.1 Irrigation in Hydroponics -- 6.2 Water Conservation in Hydroponics -- 7 Growing Medicinal Plants in Hydroponic Systems -- 7.1 Growing Medicinal Plants in Sand Culture, the Higher Commonly Used System, as a Hydroponic System -- 8 Using Biostimulants for Production Medicinal Plant in Sand Culture -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Irrigation Management -- Accurate Estimation of Crop Coefficients for Better Irrigation Water Management in Egypt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Agro-Climatic Zoning in Egypt -- 3 Calculation of ETo -- 4 Crop Coefficients in the Agro-Climatic Zones of Egypt -- 4.1 Weather Descriptions of the Agro-Climatic Zones of Egypt 4.2 Planting and Harvest Date for the Selected Crops -- 4.3 Kc for Crops Grown in the First Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.4 Kc for Crops Grown in the Second Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.5 Kc for Crops Grown in the Third Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.6 Kc for Crops Grown in the Fourth Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.7 Kc for Crops Grown in the Fifth Agro-Climatic Zones -- 5 Water Consumptive Use for Crops in the Agro-Climatic Zones -- 6 Comparison Between Measured and Estimated Values of Water Consumptive Use -- 7 Conclusions -- 8 Recommendations -- References -- Vermicomposting Impacts on Agriculture in Egypt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Vermicomposting -- 2.1 Vermicomposting Process: Requirements -- 2.2 Vermicomposting Species -- 2.3 Vermicomposting: Important Factors -- 2.4 Earthworm Categories -- 2.5 Egypt: Native Earthworms -- 3 Compost -- 3.1 Compost Versus Vermicompost -- 4 Gap Analysis of Current Scenario of on-Farm Along with Organic Waste Management Practices in Egypt -- 4.1 On-Farm Organic Waste -- 4.2 Urban Wastes -- 4.3 Municipal Solid Waste -- 5 Fertilizer Status in Egypt -- 5.1 Vermicompost as Fertilizers in Egypt -- 5.2 Vermicomposting of Agricultural Wastes -- 5.3 Urban Waste Vermicomposting -- 5.4 Vermicomposts Effect on Plant Growth -- 6 Environmental Impacts of Current on-Farm and Urban Organic Waste Management Practices -- 6.1 Emissions from Vermicompost -- 6.2 Total Emissions from Waste Sector in Egypt -- 6.3 Emissions from Agricultural Wastes -- 6.4 Analysis of the Egyptian Context and Applicability of Vermiculture as a Means of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction -- 7 Mitigating Greenhouse Gas from the Solid Wastes -- 8 Benefits of Vermicompost to Save Water -- 9 Conclusions -- References -- Irrigation Water Use Efficiency and Economic Water Productivity of Different Plants Under Egyptian Conditions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 IWUE and EWP Definition 3 Effect of Experimental Location on IWUE -- 4 Effect of Some Management Procedures on IWUE -- 4.1 Irrigation Rate and Frequency -- 4.2 Irrigation System -- 4.3 Soil Treatments -- 4.4 Plant Treatments -- 5 Comparison Between Some of IWUE and EWP Values Under Both Egyptian and Worldwide Conditions -- 6 Conclusion -- 7 Recommendations -- References -- Irrigation System Design -- Improving Performance of Surface Irrigation System by Designing Pipes for Water Conveyance and On-Farm Distribution -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Primary Theories of Water Flow by Pipes -- 2.1 Water Pressure-Static and Dynamic Head -- 2.2 Calculation of Head Losses in Pipe Flow -- 2.3 Designing Pipe Sizes for Irrigation Water Flow -- 3 General Considerations for Designing Surface Irrigation System -- 3.1 Variables in Surface Irrigation System -- 3.2 Hydraulics of Surface Irrigation System -- 4 Irrigation Efficiencies -- 4.1 Application Efficiency -- 4.2 Storage Efficiency/Water Requirement Efficiency -- 4.3 Irrigation Distribution Uniformity -- 4.4 Uniformity Coefficient -- 4.5 Low-Quarter Distribution Uniformity -- 5 Performance Evaluation -- 5.1 Concept, Objective, and Purpose of Performance Evaluation -- 5.2 Performance Indicators -- 5.3 Engineering Indicators -- 5.4 On-Farm Water Use Indicators -- 5.5 Crop and Water Productivity -- 5.6 Socioeconomic Indicators -- 6 Ideal Situation for Estimation of Irrigation System -- 7 Performance Assessment of Surface Irrigation System -- 7.1 Border Irrigation Evaluation -- 7.2 Basin Irrigation Evaluation -- 7.3 Furrow Irrigation Evaluation -- 8 Improving Performance of Surface Irrigation System -- 9 Case Studies from Egypt -- 9.1 Improving Irrigation Efficiency -- 9.2 Some of the Obstacles and Constraints -- 10 Conclusions -- 11 Recommendations -- References -- Micro-sprinkler Irrigation of Orchard -- 1 Introduction 2 Types and Irrigation System |
| ctrlnum | (ZDB-30-PQE)EBC6146609 (ZDB-30-PAD)EBC6146609 (ZDB-89-EBL)EBL6146609 (OCoLC)1147894374 (DE-599)BVBBV048222593 |
| dewey-full | 333.91309619999998 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 333 - Economics of land and energy |
| dewey-raw | 333.91309619999998 |
| dewey-search | 333.91309619999998 |
| dewey-sort | 3333.91309619999998 |
| dewey-tens | 330 - Economics |
| discipline | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| discipline_str_mv | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| format | Electronic eBook |
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for Precision Agriculture -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Precision Agriculture from Remote Sensing to Proximal Sensing -- 2.1 Smartphone-Based Precision Agriculture -- 2.2 Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (PXRF) for Soil Analysis -- 2.3 Multistripe Laser Triangulation (MLT) Scanning for Soil Physical Analysis -- 2.4 Reflectance Spectroscopy for Soil-Plant Properties Measurement -- 2.5 Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electromagnetic Induction for Underground Sensing -- 2.6 Thermal Infrared and Acoustic Sensor for Disease Detection -- 3 An Internet of Things and a Cloud-Based for Smart Precision Agriculture -- 3.1 On-Line Smart Farming Concept -- 3.2 Overall Framework of the Proposed System for Precision Agriculture -- 3.3 Strengths and Weaknesses of the System -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Development of Recent Information and Data on Irrigation Technology and Management -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data Records -- 2.1 Data and Records of Irrigator -- 2.2 Data and Records of Irrigation Management Advisor (IMA) -- 2.3 Data and Records of Agricultural Extension Worker (AEW) -- 2.4 Data and Records of Experts -- 2.5 Data and Records of the External Evaluators -- 3 Data and Information Required for Irrigation -- 3.1 Crop Evapotranspiration (ETc) -- 3.2 Crop Coefficients -- 3.3 Crop Types -- 3.4 Climate -- 3.5 Data and Records of Water and Soil -- 3.6 Stages of Crop Growth -- 4 Evapotranspiration Concepts -- 4.1 Crop Evapotranspiration and Irrigation Requirements -- 4.2 Irrigation Scheduling -- 4.3 Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) -- 5 Calculation of Crop Water and Irrigation Requirements Using Computer Software -- 5.1 Model of the FAO CROPWAT.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">5.2 Program of Crops Sequence or Rotation -- 5.3 The Efficacious Rainfall and the Reference Crop Evapotranspiration (ETo) Calculation -- 5.4 Net Irrigation and Irrigation Requirements -- 6 Detailed Assessment and Specific Data for the Pilot Areas -- 6.1 Soil Sampling -- 6.2 Soil Analysis -- 6.3 Water Balance Calculation -- 6.4 Groundwater Monitoring -- 6.5 Irrigation and Groundwater Analysis -- 6.6 Analysis of Surface and Subsurface Drainage -- 7 Conclusions -- 8 Recommendations -- References -- Medicinal Plants in Hydroponic System Under Water-Deficit Conditions-A Way to Save Water -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Irrigation in Hydroponics -- 2.1 Irrigation Control Methods in Medicinal Plants Grown in Hydroponic Systems [5] -- 2.2 Occasional Irrigation -- 2.3 Pulse Irrigation -- 2.4 High-Frequency Irrigation -- 2.5 Layout of Irrigation Systems in Hydroponics [13, 14] -- 2.6 Deficit Irrigation (DI) -- 3 Hydroponics, Aquaponics, and Aeroponics -- 3.1 Type of Hydroponics -- 4 Aquaponics Can Serve as Saving Water [43, 44] -- 4.1 What Is Aquaponics? -- 4.2 Aquaponics System Does Not Require Machinery -- 5 Hydroponics and Fish [43, 46] -- 6 Irrigation Control in Hydroponics: Hydroponics Systems and Deficit Irrigation -- 6.1 Irrigation in Hydroponics -- 6.2 Water Conservation in Hydroponics -- 7 Growing Medicinal Plants in Hydroponic Systems -- 7.1 Growing Medicinal Plants in Sand Culture, the Higher Commonly Used System, as a Hydroponic System -- 8 Using Biostimulants for Production Medicinal Plant in Sand Culture -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Irrigation Management -- Accurate Estimation of Crop Coefficients for Better Irrigation Water Management in Egypt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Agro-Climatic Zoning in Egypt -- 3 Calculation of ETo -- 4 Crop Coefficients in the Agro-Climatic Zones of Egypt -- 4.1 Weather Descriptions of the Agro-Climatic Zones of Egypt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">4.2 Planting and Harvest Date for the Selected Crops -- 4.3 Kc for Crops Grown in the First Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.4 Kc for Crops Grown in the Second Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.5 Kc for Crops Grown in the Third Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.6 Kc for Crops Grown in the Fourth Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.7 Kc for Crops Grown in the Fifth Agro-Climatic Zones -- 5 Water Consumptive Use for Crops in the Agro-Climatic Zones -- 6 Comparison Between Measured and Estimated Values of Water Consumptive Use -- 7 Conclusions -- 8 Recommendations -- References -- Vermicomposting Impacts on Agriculture in Egypt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Vermicomposting -- 2.1 Vermicomposting Process: Requirements -- 2.2 Vermicomposting Species -- 2.3 Vermicomposting: Important Factors -- 2.4 Earthworm Categories -- 2.5 Egypt: Native Earthworms -- 3 Compost -- 3.1 Compost Versus Vermicompost -- 4 Gap Analysis of Current Scenario of on-Farm Along with Organic Waste Management Practices in Egypt -- 4.1 On-Farm Organic Waste -- 4.2 Urban Wastes -- 4.3 Municipal Solid Waste -- 5 Fertilizer Status in Egypt -- 5.1 Vermicompost as Fertilizers in Egypt -- 5.2 Vermicomposting of Agricultural Wastes -- 5.3 Urban Waste Vermicomposting -- 5.4 Vermicomposts Effect on Plant Growth -- 6 Environmental Impacts of Current on-Farm and Urban Organic Waste Management Practices -- 6.1 Emissions from Vermicompost -- 6.2 Total Emissions from Waste Sector in Egypt -- 6.3 Emissions from Agricultural Wastes -- 6.4 Analysis of the Egyptian Context and Applicability of Vermiculture as a Means of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction -- 7 Mitigating Greenhouse Gas from the Solid Wastes -- 8 Benefits of Vermicompost to Save Water -- 9 Conclusions -- References -- Irrigation Water Use Efficiency and Economic Water Productivity of Different Plants Under Egyptian Conditions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 IWUE and EWP Definition</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">3 Effect of Experimental Location on IWUE -- 4 Effect of Some Management Procedures on IWUE -- 4.1 Irrigation Rate and Frequency -- 4.2 Irrigation System -- 4.3 Soil Treatments -- 4.4 Plant Treatments -- 5 Comparison Between Some of IWUE and EWP Values Under Both Egyptian and Worldwide Conditions -- 6 Conclusion -- 7 Recommendations -- References -- Irrigation System Design -- Improving Performance of Surface Irrigation System by Designing Pipes for Water Conveyance and On-Farm Distribution -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Primary Theories of Water Flow by Pipes -- 2.1 Water Pressure-Static and Dynamic Head -- 2.2 Calculation of Head Losses in Pipe Flow -- 2.3 Designing Pipe Sizes for Irrigation Water Flow -- 3 General Considerations for Designing Surface Irrigation System -- 3.1 Variables in Surface Irrigation System -- 3.2 Hydraulics of Surface Irrigation System -- 4 Irrigation Efficiencies -- 4.1 Application Efficiency -- 4.2 Storage Efficiency/Water Requirement Efficiency -- 4.3 Irrigation Distribution Uniformity -- 4.4 Uniformity Coefficient -- 4.5 Low-Quarter Distribution Uniformity -- 5 Performance Evaluation -- 5.1 Concept, Objective, and Purpose of Performance Evaluation -- 5.2 Performance Indicators -- 5.3 Engineering Indicators -- 5.4 On-Farm Water Use Indicators -- 5.5 Crop and Water Productivity -- 5.6 Socioeconomic Indicators -- 6 Ideal Situation for Estimation of Irrigation System -- 7 Performance Assessment of Surface Irrigation System -- 7.1 Border Irrigation Evaluation -- 7.2 Basin Irrigation Evaluation -- 7.3 Furrow Irrigation Evaluation -- 8 Improving Performance of Surface Irrigation System -- 9 Case Studies from Egypt -- 9.1 Improving Irrigation Efficiency -- 9.2 Some of the Obstacles and Constraints -- 10 Conclusions -- 11 Recommendations -- References -- Micro-sprinkler Irrigation of Orchard -- 1 Introduction</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">2 Types and Irrigation System</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Irrigation-Egypt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Negm, Abdelazim M.</subfield><subfield code="e">Sonstige</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Druck-Ausgabe</subfield><subfield code="a">Omran, El-Sayed E.</subfield><subfield code="t">Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt</subfield><subfield code="d">Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2020</subfield><subfield code="z">9783030303747</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-30-PQE</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033603326</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| id | DE-604.BV048222593 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T19:50:37Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:32:26Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783030303754 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033603326 |
| oclc_num | 1147894374 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| physical | 1 Online-Ressource (364 pages) |
| psigel | ZDB-30-PQE |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateSearch | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | Springer International Publishing AG |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Springer Water Ser |
| spelling | Omran, El-Sayed E. Verfasser aut Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt Best Management Practices and Evaluation Cham Springer International Publishing AG 2020 ©2020 1 Online-Ressource (364 pages) txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Springer Water Ser Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Introduction -- Introduction to "Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt: Best Management Practices and Evaluation" -- 1 Background/Overview -- 2 Themes of the Book -- 3 Chapters' Summary -- 3.1 Irrigation Practice: Problems and Evaluation -- 3.2 Smart Irrigation Technology -- 3.3 Irrigation Management -- 3.4 Update Irrigation System Design -- 3.5 Water Reuse and Treatment -- References -- Irrigation Practice: Problems and Evaluation -- Irrigation: Water Resources, Types and Common Problems in Egypt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Egyptian Water Resources Management History -- 3 Water Scarcities and Low Irrigation Efficiency in Egypt -- 3.1 Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD): View Point -- 4 Water Resources of Egypt -- 4.1 Conventional Water Resources -- 4.2 Nonconventional Water Resources -- 5 Irrigation Systems and Their Common Problems -- 5.1 Surface Irrigation -- 5.2 Irrigation Using Sprinkler Systems -- 5.3 Drip Irrigation -- 5.4 Subsurface Irrigation -- 6 Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Need for Evaluation of Irrigation Schemes and Irrigation Systems -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Basic Concepts and Terms -- 3 Irrigation Methods -- 3.1 Basin -- 3.2 Basin Check -- 3.3 Border Strip -- 3.4 Furrow or Corrugation -- 3.5 Sprinkler -- 3.6 Trickle (or Drip) Emitter -- 4 Efficiency and Uniformity of Irrigation -- 5 Essential Deficit Irrigation -- 6 High-Frequency Irrigation -- 7 Uniformity, Efficiency, and Economics -- 8 Conclusions -- 9 Recommendations -- References -- Evolution of Irrigation System, Tools and Technologies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Stages of Development -- 2.1 Pre-history -- 2.2 Post-history Stage -- 2.3 Nineteenth-Century Stage -- 2.4 The First Half of the Twentieth-Century Stage -- 2.5 Stage of Continuous Storage of Nile Water -- 2.6 Basins Irrigation System in Egypt 3 Ancient Egyptian Irrigation Tools -- 3.1 Shadoof -- 3.2 Tanbour -- 3.3 Water Wheel (Saqia) -- 4 Irrigation in Egypt Today -- References -- Smart Irrigation Technology -- Smart Sensing System for Precision Agriculture -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Precision Agriculture from Remote Sensing to Proximal Sensing -- 2.1 Smartphone-Based Precision Agriculture -- 2.2 Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (PXRF) for Soil Analysis -- 2.3 Multistripe Laser Triangulation (MLT) Scanning for Soil Physical Analysis -- 2.4 Reflectance Spectroscopy for Soil-Plant Properties Measurement -- 2.5 Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electromagnetic Induction for Underground Sensing -- 2.6 Thermal Infrared and Acoustic Sensor for Disease Detection -- 3 An Internet of Things and a Cloud-Based for Smart Precision Agriculture -- 3.1 On-Line Smart Farming Concept -- 3.2 Overall Framework of the Proposed System for Precision Agriculture -- 3.3 Strengths and Weaknesses of the System -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Development of Recent Information and Data on Irrigation Technology and Management -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data Records -- 2.1 Data and Records of Irrigator -- 2.2 Data and Records of Irrigation Management Advisor (IMA) -- 2.3 Data and Records of Agricultural Extension Worker (AEW) -- 2.4 Data and Records of Experts -- 2.5 Data and Records of the External Evaluators -- 3 Data and Information Required for Irrigation -- 3.1 Crop Evapotranspiration (ETc) -- 3.2 Crop Coefficients -- 3.3 Crop Types -- 3.4 Climate -- 3.5 Data and Records of Water and Soil -- 3.6 Stages of Crop Growth -- 4 Evapotranspiration Concepts -- 4.1 Crop Evapotranspiration and Irrigation Requirements -- 4.2 Irrigation Scheduling -- 4.3 Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) -- 5 Calculation of Crop Water and Irrigation Requirements Using Computer Software -- 5.1 Model of the FAO CROPWAT. 5.2 Program of Crops Sequence or Rotation -- 5.3 The Efficacious Rainfall and the Reference Crop Evapotranspiration (ETo) Calculation -- 5.4 Net Irrigation and Irrigation Requirements -- 6 Detailed Assessment and Specific Data for the Pilot Areas -- 6.1 Soil Sampling -- 6.2 Soil Analysis -- 6.3 Water Balance Calculation -- 6.4 Groundwater Monitoring -- 6.5 Irrigation and Groundwater Analysis -- 6.6 Analysis of Surface and Subsurface Drainage -- 7 Conclusions -- 8 Recommendations -- References -- Medicinal Plants in Hydroponic System Under Water-Deficit Conditions-A Way to Save Water -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Irrigation in Hydroponics -- 2.1 Irrigation Control Methods in Medicinal Plants Grown in Hydroponic Systems [5] -- 2.2 Occasional Irrigation -- 2.3 Pulse Irrigation -- 2.4 High-Frequency Irrigation -- 2.5 Layout of Irrigation Systems in Hydroponics [13, 14] -- 2.6 Deficit Irrigation (DI) -- 3 Hydroponics, Aquaponics, and Aeroponics -- 3.1 Type of Hydroponics -- 4 Aquaponics Can Serve as Saving Water [43, 44] -- 4.1 What Is Aquaponics? -- 4.2 Aquaponics System Does Not Require Machinery -- 5 Hydroponics and Fish [43, 46] -- 6 Irrigation Control in Hydroponics: Hydroponics Systems and Deficit Irrigation -- 6.1 Irrigation in Hydroponics -- 6.2 Water Conservation in Hydroponics -- 7 Growing Medicinal Plants in Hydroponic Systems -- 7.1 Growing Medicinal Plants in Sand Culture, the Higher Commonly Used System, as a Hydroponic System -- 8 Using Biostimulants for Production Medicinal Plant in Sand Culture -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Irrigation Management -- Accurate Estimation of Crop Coefficients for Better Irrigation Water Management in Egypt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Agro-Climatic Zoning in Egypt -- 3 Calculation of ETo -- 4 Crop Coefficients in the Agro-Climatic Zones of Egypt -- 4.1 Weather Descriptions of the Agro-Climatic Zones of Egypt 4.2 Planting and Harvest Date for the Selected Crops -- 4.3 Kc for Crops Grown in the First Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.4 Kc for Crops Grown in the Second Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.5 Kc for Crops Grown in the Third Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.6 Kc for Crops Grown in the Fourth Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.7 Kc for Crops Grown in the Fifth Agro-Climatic Zones -- 5 Water Consumptive Use for Crops in the Agro-Climatic Zones -- 6 Comparison Between Measured and Estimated Values of Water Consumptive Use -- 7 Conclusions -- 8 Recommendations -- References -- Vermicomposting Impacts on Agriculture in Egypt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Vermicomposting -- 2.1 Vermicomposting Process: Requirements -- 2.2 Vermicomposting Species -- 2.3 Vermicomposting: Important Factors -- 2.4 Earthworm Categories -- 2.5 Egypt: Native Earthworms -- 3 Compost -- 3.1 Compost Versus Vermicompost -- 4 Gap Analysis of Current Scenario of on-Farm Along with Organic Waste Management Practices in Egypt -- 4.1 On-Farm Organic Waste -- 4.2 Urban Wastes -- 4.3 Municipal Solid Waste -- 5 Fertilizer Status in Egypt -- 5.1 Vermicompost as Fertilizers in Egypt -- 5.2 Vermicomposting of Agricultural Wastes -- 5.3 Urban Waste Vermicomposting -- 5.4 Vermicomposts Effect on Plant Growth -- 6 Environmental Impacts of Current on-Farm and Urban Organic Waste Management Practices -- 6.1 Emissions from Vermicompost -- 6.2 Total Emissions from Waste Sector in Egypt -- 6.3 Emissions from Agricultural Wastes -- 6.4 Analysis of the Egyptian Context and Applicability of Vermiculture as a Means of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction -- 7 Mitigating Greenhouse Gas from the Solid Wastes -- 8 Benefits of Vermicompost to Save Water -- 9 Conclusions -- References -- Irrigation Water Use Efficiency and Economic Water Productivity of Different Plants Under Egyptian Conditions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 IWUE and EWP Definition 3 Effect of Experimental Location on IWUE -- 4 Effect of Some Management Procedures on IWUE -- 4.1 Irrigation Rate and Frequency -- 4.2 Irrigation System -- 4.3 Soil Treatments -- 4.4 Plant Treatments -- 5 Comparison Between Some of IWUE and EWP Values Under Both Egyptian and Worldwide Conditions -- 6 Conclusion -- 7 Recommendations -- References -- Irrigation System Design -- Improving Performance of Surface Irrigation System by Designing Pipes for Water Conveyance and On-Farm Distribution -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Primary Theories of Water Flow by Pipes -- 2.1 Water Pressure-Static and Dynamic Head -- 2.2 Calculation of Head Losses in Pipe Flow -- 2.3 Designing Pipe Sizes for Irrigation Water Flow -- 3 General Considerations for Designing Surface Irrigation System -- 3.1 Variables in Surface Irrigation System -- 3.2 Hydraulics of Surface Irrigation System -- 4 Irrigation Efficiencies -- 4.1 Application Efficiency -- 4.2 Storage Efficiency/Water Requirement Efficiency -- 4.3 Irrigation Distribution Uniformity -- 4.4 Uniformity Coefficient -- 4.5 Low-Quarter Distribution Uniformity -- 5 Performance Evaluation -- 5.1 Concept, Objective, and Purpose of Performance Evaluation -- 5.2 Performance Indicators -- 5.3 Engineering Indicators -- 5.4 On-Farm Water Use Indicators -- 5.5 Crop and Water Productivity -- 5.6 Socioeconomic Indicators -- 6 Ideal Situation for Estimation of Irrigation System -- 7 Performance Assessment of Surface Irrigation System -- 7.1 Border Irrigation Evaluation -- 7.2 Basin Irrigation Evaluation -- 7.3 Furrow Irrigation Evaluation -- 8 Improving Performance of Surface Irrigation System -- 9 Case Studies from Egypt -- 9.1 Improving Irrigation Efficiency -- 9.2 Some of the Obstacles and Constraints -- 10 Conclusions -- 11 Recommendations -- References -- Micro-sprinkler Irrigation of Orchard -- 1 Introduction 2 Types and Irrigation System Irrigation-Egypt Negm, Abdelazim M. Sonstige oth Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Omran, El-Sayed E. Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2020 9783030303747 |
| spellingShingle | Omran, El-Sayed E. Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt Best Management Practices and Evaluation Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Introduction -- Introduction to "Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt: Best Management Practices and Evaluation" -- 1 Background/Overview -- 2 Themes of the Book -- 3 Chapters' Summary -- 3.1 Irrigation Practice: Problems and Evaluation -- 3.2 Smart Irrigation Technology -- 3.3 Irrigation Management -- 3.4 Update Irrigation System Design -- 3.5 Water Reuse and Treatment -- References -- Irrigation Practice: Problems and Evaluation -- Irrigation: Water Resources, Types and Common Problems in Egypt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Egyptian Water Resources Management History -- 3 Water Scarcities and Low Irrigation Efficiency in Egypt -- 3.1 Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD): View Point -- 4 Water Resources of Egypt -- 4.1 Conventional Water Resources -- 4.2 Nonconventional Water Resources -- 5 Irrigation Systems and Their Common Problems -- 5.1 Surface Irrigation -- 5.2 Irrigation Using Sprinkler Systems -- 5.3 Drip Irrigation -- 5.4 Subsurface Irrigation -- 6 Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Need for Evaluation of Irrigation Schemes and Irrigation Systems -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Basic Concepts and Terms -- 3 Irrigation Methods -- 3.1 Basin -- 3.2 Basin Check -- 3.3 Border Strip -- 3.4 Furrow or Corrugation -- 3.5 Sprinkler -- 3.6 Trickle (or Drip) Emitter -- 4 Efficiency and Uniformity of Irrigation -- 5 Essential Deficit Irrigation -- 6 High-Frequency Irrigation -- 7 Uniformity, Efficiency, and Economics -- 8 Conclusions -- 9 Recommendations -- References -- Evolution of Irrigation System, Tools and Technologies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Stages of Development -- 2.1 Pre-history -- 2.2 Post-history Stage -- 2.3 Nineteenth-Century Stage -- 2.4 The First Half of the Twentieth-Century Stage -- 2.5 Stage of Continuous Storage of Nile Water -- 2.6 Basins Irrigation System in Egypt 3 Ancient Egyptian Irrigation Tools -- 3.1 Shadoof -- 3.2 Tanbour -- 3.3 Water Wheel (Saqia) -- 4 Irrigation in Egypt Today -- References -- Smart Irrigation Technology -- Smart Sensing System for Precision Agriculture -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Precision Agriculture from Remote Sensing to Proximal Sensing -- 2.1 Smartphone-Based Precision Agriculture -- 2.2 Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (PXRF) for Soil Analysis -- 2.3 Multistripe Laser Triangulation (MLT) Scanning for Soil Physical Analysis -- 2.4 Reflectance Spectroscopy for Soil-Plant Properties Measurement -- 2.5 Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electromagnetic Induction for Underground Sensing -- 2.6 Thermal Infrared and Acoustic Sensor for Disease Detection -- 3 An Internet of Things and a Cloud-Based for Smart Precision Agriculture -- 3.1 On-Line Smart Farming Concept -- 3.2 Overall Framework of the Proposed System for Precision Agriculture -- 3.3 Strengths and Weaknesses of the System -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Development of Recent Information and Data on Irrigation Technology and Management -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data Records -- 2.1 Data and Records of Irrigator -- 2.2 Data and Records of Irrigation Management Advisor (IMA) -- 2.3 Data and Records of Agricultural Extension Worker (AEW) -- 2.4 Data and Records of Experts -- 2.5 Data and Records of the External Evaluators -- 3 Data and Information Required for Irrigation -- 3.1 Crop Evapotranspiration (ETc) -- 3.2 Crop Coefficients -- 3.3 Crop Types -- 3.4 Climate -- 3.5 Data and Records of Water and Soil -- 3.6 Stages of Crop Growth -- 4 Evapotranspiration Concepts -- 4.1 Crop Evapotranspiration and Irrigation Requirements -- 4.2 Irrigation Scheduling -- 4.3 Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) -- 5 Calculation of Crop Water and Irrigation Requirements Using Computer Software -- 5.1 Model of the FAO CROPWAT. 5.2 Program of Crops Sequence or Rotation -- 5.3 The Efficacious Rainfall and the Reference Crop Evapotranspiration (ETo) Calculation -- 5.4 Net Irrigation and Irrigation Requirements -- 6 Detailed Assessment and Specific Data for the Pilot Areas -- 6.1 Soil Sampling -- 6.2 Soil Analysis -- 6.3 Water Balance Calculation -- 6.4 Groundwater Monitoring -- 6.5 Irrigation and Groundwater Analysis -- 6.6 Analysis of Surface and Subsurface Drainage -- 7 Conclusions -- 8 Recommendations -- References -- Medicinal Plants in Hydroponic System Under Water-Deficit Conditions-A Way to Save Water -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Irrigation in Hydroponics -- 2.1 Irrigation Control Methods in Medicinal Plants Grown in Hydroponic Systems [5] -- 2.2 Occasional Irrigation -- 2.3 Pulse Irrigation -- 2.4 High-Frequency Irrigation -- 2.5 Layout of Irrigation Systems in Hydroponics [13, 14] -- 2.6 Deficit Irrigation (DI) -- 3 Hydroponics, Aquaponics, and Aeroponics -- 3.1 Type of Hydroponics -- 4 Aquaponics Can Serve as Saving Water [43, 44] -- 4.1 What Is Aquaponics? -- 4.2 Aquaponics System Does Not Require Machinery -- 5 Hydroponics and Fish [43, 46] -- 6 Irrigation Control in Hydroponics: Hydroponics Systems and Deficit Irrigation -- 6.1 Irrigation in Hydroponics -- 6.2 Water Conservation in Hydroponics -- 7 Growing Medicinal Plants in Hydroponic Systems -- 7.1 Growing Medicinal Plants in Sand Culture, the Higher Commonly Used System, as a Hydroponic System -- 8 Using Biostimulants for Production Medicinal Plant in Sand Culture -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Irrigation Management -- Accurate Estimation of Crop Coefficients for Better Irrigation Water Management in Egypt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Agro-Climatic Zoning in Egypt -- 3 Calculation of ETo -- 4 Crop Coefficients in the Agro-Climatic Zones of Egypt -- 4.1 Weather Descriptions of the Agro-Climatic Zones of Egypt 4.2 Planting and Harvest Date for the Selected Crops -- 4.3 Kc for Crops Grown in the First Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.4 Kc for Crops Grown in the Second Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.5 Kc for Crops Grown in the Third Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.6 Kc for Crops Grown in the Fourth Agro-Climatic Zones -- 4.7 Kc for Crops Grown in the Fifth Agro-Climatic Zones -- 5 Water Consumptive Use for Crops in the Agro-Climatic Zones -- 6 Comparison Between Measured and Estimated Values of Water Consumptive Use -- 7 Conclusions -- 8 Recommendations -- References -- Vermicomposting Impacts on Agriculture in Egypt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Vermicomposting -- 2.1 Vermicomposting Process: Requirements -- 2.2 Vermicomposting Species -- 2.3 Vermicomposting: Important Factors -- 2.4 Earthworm Categories -- 2.5 Egypt: Native Earthworms -- 3 Compost -- 3.1 Compost Versus Vermicompost -- 4 Gap Analysis of Current Scenario of on-Farm Along with Organic Waste Management Practices in Egypt -- 4.1 On-Farm Organic Waste -- 4.2 Urban Wastes -- 4.3 Municipal Solid Waste -- 5 Fertilizer Status in Egypt -- 5.1 Vermicompost as Fertilizers in Egypt -- 5.2 Vermicomposting of Agricultural Wastes -- 5.3 Urban Waste Vermicomposting -- 5.4 Vermicomposts Effect on Plant Growth -- 6 Environmental Impacts of Current on-Farm and Urban Organic Waste Management Practices -- 6.1 Emissions from Vermicompost -- 6.2 Total Emissions from Waste Sector in Egypt -- 6.3 Emissions from Agricultural Wastes -- 6.4 Analysis of the Egyptian Context and Applicability of Vermiculture as a Means of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction -- 7 Mitigating Greenhouse Gas from the Solid Wastes -- 8 Benefits of Vermicompost to Save Water -- 9 Conclusions -- References -- Irrigation Water Use Efficiency and Economic Water Productivity of Different Plants Under Egyptian Conditions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 IWUE and EWP Definition 3 Effect of Experimental Location on IWUE -- 4 Effect of Some Management Procedures on IWUE -- 4.1 Irrigation Rate and Frequency -- 4.2 Irrigation System -- 4.3 Soil Treatments -- 4.4 Plant Treatments -- 5 Comparison Between Some of IWUE and EWP Values Under Both Egyptian and Worldwide Conditions -- 6 Conclusion -- 7 Recommendations -- References -- Irrigation System Design -- Improving Performance of Surface Irrigation System by Designing Pipes for Water Conveyance and On-Farm Distribution -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Primary Theories of Water Flow by Pipes -- 2.1 Water Pressure-Static and Dynamic Head -- 2.2 Calculation of Head Losses in Pipe Flow -- 2.3 Designing Pipe Sizes for Irrigation Water Flow -- 3 General Considerations for Designing Surface Irrigation System -- 3.1 Variables in Surface Irrigation System -- 3.2 Hydraulics of Surface Irrigation System -- 4 Irrigation Efficiencies -- 4.1 Application Efficiency -- 4.2 Storage Efficiency/Water Requirement Efficiency -- 4.3 Irrigation Distribution Uniformity -- 4.4 Uniformity Coefficient -- 4.5 Low-Quarter Distribution Uniformity -- 5 Performance Evaluation -- 5.1 Concept, Objective, and Purpose of Performance Evaluation -- 5.2 Performance Indicators -- 5.3 Engineering Indicators -- 5.4 On-Farm Water Use Indicators -- 5.5 Crop and Water Productivity -- 5.6 Socioeconomic Indicators -- 6 Ideal Situation for Estimation of Irrigation System -- 7 Performance Assessment of Surface Irrigation System -- 7.1 Border Irrigation Evaluation -- 7.2 Basin Irrigation Evaluation -- 7.3 Furrow Irrigation Evaluation -- 8 Improving Performance of Surface Irrigation System -- 9 Case Studies from Egypt -- 9.1 Improving Irrigation Efficiency -- 9.2 Some of the Obstacles and Constraints -- 10 Conclusions -- 11 Recommendations -- References -- Micro-sprinkler Irrigation of Orchard -- 1 Introduction 2 Types and Irrigation System Irrigation-Egypt |
| title | Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt Best Management Practices and Evaluation |
| title_auth | Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt Best Management Practices and Evaluation |
| title_exact_search | Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt Best Management Practices and Evaluation |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt Best Management Practices and Evaluation |
| title_full | Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt Best Management Practices and Evaluation |
| title_fullStr | Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt Best Management Practices and Evaluation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt Best Management Practices and Evaluation |
| title_short | Technological and Modern Irrigation Environment in Egypt |
| title_sort | technological and modern irrigation environment in egypt best management practices and evaluation |
| title_sub | Best Management Practices and Evaluation |
| topic | Irrigation-Egypt |
| topic_facet | Irrigation-Egypt |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT omranelsayede technologicalandmodernirrigationenvironmentinegyptbestmanagementpracticesandevaluation AT negmabdelazimm technologicalandmodernirrigationenvironmentinegyptbestmanagementpracticesandevaluation |