Magnetic sensors for biomedical applications:

<p>Preface xiii</p> <p><b>1 Introduction 1</b></p> <p>1.1 Overview 1</p> <p>1.2 History of Magnetism Studies and of Its Use in Magnetic Sensors 2</p> <p>1.3 Natural and Technical Magnetic Fields and Their Order of Magnitude 3</p>...

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Hauptverfasser: Heidari, Hadi (VerfasserIn), Nabaei, Vahid (VerfasserIn)
Format: Elektronisch E-Book
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: Hoboken IEEE Press Wiley 1 November 2019
Schriftenreihe:IEEE Press series on sensors
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Zusammenfassung:<p>Preface xiii</p> <p><b>1 Introduction 1</b></p> <p>1.1 Overview 1</p> <p>1.2 History of Magnetism Studies and of Its Use in Magnetic Sensors 2</p> <p>1.3 Natural and Technical Magnetic Fields and Their Order of Magnitude 3</p> <p>1.3.1 Natural Magnetic Fields 3</p> <p>1.3.1.1 The Earth's Magnetic Field 3</p> <p>1.3.1.2 Magnetic Fields in Outer Space 3</p> <p>1.3.1.3 Biomagnetic Fields 3</p> <p>1.3.2 Technical Magnetic Fields 5</p> <p>1.3.2.1 Magnetic Fields in the Vicinity of Transformers and Electric Motors 5</p> <p>1.3.2.2 Fields of Permanent Magnets 5</p> <p>1.4 Magnetic Terms and Units 6</p> <p>1.5 Magnetic (Micro) Sensors 7</p> <p>1.5.1 Definition of Magnetic Sensors 7</p> <p>1.5.2 Soft and Hard Magnetic Materials for Sensors 8</p> <p>1.5.2.1 Shape of the Hysteresis Loop 8</p> <p>1.5.2.2 Saturation Polarization <i>J<sub>s</sub></i> and Coercivity <i>H<sub>c</sub></i> 10</p> <p>1.5.2.3 Initial Permeability <i>μ</i><i><sub>i</sub></i> 10</p> <p>1.5.2.4 Specific Electrical
Resistivity <i>ρ </i>11</p> <p>1.5.3 Mechanical Properties of Magnetic Materials 12</p> <p>1.5.4 Relations Between Sensing Techniques and Sensor Applications 12</p> <p>1.5.5 Classification of Magnetic Sensors 14</p> <p>1.6 Characteristics of Magnetic Sensors 15</p> <p>1.6.1 Characteristics Related to <i>OUT</i>(<i>B</i>)<i><sub>C</sub></i> 15</p> <p>1.6.1.1 Magnetosensitivity 15</p> <p>1.6.1.2 Nonlinearity 16</p> <p>1.6.1.3 Calibration 17</p> <p>1.6.1.4 Sensor Excitation 17</p> <p>1.6.1.5 Frequency Response 17</p> <p>1.6.1.6 Resolution 17</p> <p>1.6.1.7 Error 17</p> <p>1.6.1.8 Accuracy 18</p> <p>1.6.1.9 Hysteresis 18</p> <p>1.6.1.10 Repeatability 18</p> <p>1.6.2 Characteristics Related to <i>OUT</i>(<i>C</i>)<i><sub>B</sub></i> 18</p> <p>1.6.2.1 Noise 18</p> <p>1.6.2.2 Offset 18</p> <p>1.6.2.3 Cross-Sensitivity and Temperature Error 19</p> <p>1.6.2.4 Drift and Creep 19</p> <p>1.6.2.5 Response Time 19</p> <p>1.6.3 Characteristics Related to the System Description 19</p> <p>1.6.3.1
Electrical Excitation 19</p> <p>1.6.3.2 Input and Output Impedance 20</p> <p>1.6.3.3 Environmental Conditions 20</p> <p>1.7 Magnetic Noise 20</p> <p>1.7.1 Noise Formalism 20</p> <p>1.7.1.1 Fluctuations, Average and Distribution 20</p> <p>1.7.1.2 Correlations 22</p> <p>1.7.1.3 Frequency Space and Spectral Density 22</p> <p>1.7.2 Sensitivity, Signal-to-Noise Ratio, and Detectivity 24</p> <p>1.7.3 Different Sources of Noise 25</p> <p>1.7.3.1 Separation of Magnetic and Nonmagnetic Noise 25</p> <p>1.7.3.2 Frequency-Independent Noise (Thermal or Johnson-Nyquist Noise),
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ISBN:9781119552192
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