Rat prije rata: uloga i doprinos policije obrani Mostara i doline Neretve u Domovinskom ratu : rujan 1991.-lipanj 1992.
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Croatian |
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Mostar
Hrvatski dokumentacijski centar Domovinskog rata u BiH
2020.
Mostar Udruga dragovoljaca i veterana Domovinskog rata HR H-B |
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract Literaturverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturverzeichnis Seite 424-425 |
| Beschreibung: | 439 Seiten Illustrationen, Faksimiles |
| ISBN: | 9789958038181 9789926846701 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Kazalo PREDGOVOR................................................................................................................... 9 UVOD................................................................................................................................11 MOSTAR U PROLJEĆE 1992. GODINE.................................................................. 12 KOMUNISTIČKA DIKTATURA 1945. - 1990........................................................... 14 RASPAD SKJ I PRVI DEMOKRATSKI IZBORI U JUGOSLAVIJI.......................... 17 PRVO POGLAVLJE SIJEČANJ - KOLOVOZ 1991. SIJEČANJ 1991. PROZOR NOĆAS MORA PASTI.................................................................................. 27 Prilog.................................................................................................................... 35 VELJAČA 1991. SLOVENIJA I HRVATSKA USVOJILE REZOLUCIJU О RAZDRUŽIVANJU OD SFRJ.................................................................................... 39 Prilog.................................................................................................................... 43 OŽUJAK 1991. IMENOVANJE NAČELNIKA SJB MOSTAR - OSTAVKA BORISAVA JOVIČA I POKUŠAJ UVOĐENJA IZVANREDNOGA STANJA U JUGOSLAVIJI................... 45 Prilog.................................................................................................................... 69 TRAVANJ 1991. ŠESTORICA SE SUSRELA ČETIRI PUTA - KRIZA VLASTI SE NASTAVLJA - U HRVATSKOJ DRAMATIČNA SITUACIJA............................................................ 73
Prilog.................................................................................................................... 79 SVIBANJ 1991. ZAUSTAVLJENI TENKOVI U POLOGU ֊ TRAGEDIJA U BOROVU SELU, POGINULO DVANAEST HRVATSKIH POLICAJACA................................................ 81 Prilog.................................................................................................................... 97 LIPANJ 1991. HRVATSKA I SLOVENIJA PROGLASILE SAMOSTALNOST - JNA NAPALA SLOVENIJU.......................................................................................109 Prilog....................................................................................................................... 117 5
Viktor Stoj kić SRPANJ 1991. U SLOVENIJI RAT ZAVRŠIO - U HRVATSKOJ RATNA DJELOVANJA SE POJAČAVAJU....................................................................................................... 119 Prilog................................................................................................................ 128 KOLOVOZ 1991. POČETAK OTVORENE AGRESIJE NA HRVATSKU - PUKOVNIK MILE DEDAKOVIĆ JASTREB IMENOVAN ZAPOVJEDNIKOM OBRANE VUKOVARA... 135 Prilog 142 DRUGO POGLAVLJE RUJAN 1991. - LIPANJ 1992. RUJAN 1991. JNA ISRPSKOCRNOGORSKI REZERVISTI OKUPIRALI MOSTAR I DOLINU NERETVE................................................................................................... 153 Prilog..................................................................................................................... 168 LISTOPAD 1991. HRVATSKA SE RAZDRUŽILA S JUGOSLAVIJOM - NAPADNUTI DUBROVNIK I RAVNO- SASTANAK S GENERALOM MILANOM TORBICOM............................. 181 Prilog................................................................................................................ 24 STUDENI 1991. VUKOVAR JE PAO - OSNOVANA HRVATSKA ZAJEDNICA HERCEG-BOSNA (HZ HB)........................................................................................ 215 Prilog ..................................................................................................................... 234 PROSINAC 1991. HRVATSKA PRED MEĐUNARODNIM PRIZNANJEM - SRBI U HRVATSKOJ PROGLASILI RSK - SRBI U BIH OSNOVALI RS BIH............................................... 243
Prilog...................................................................................................................... 256 SIJEČANJ 1992. EUROPSKA ZAJEDNICA PRIZNALA HRVATSKU - U BIH SRBI USVOJILI ODLUKU О FORMIRANJU „SRPSKE REPUBLIKE BIH“ - SMJENA GENERALA MILANA TORBICE - DOLAZAK GENERALA MOMČILA PERIŠIĆA......................261 Prilog....................................................................................................................... 273 VELJAČA 1992. VIJEĆE SIGURNOSTI UN-а USVOJILO REZOLUCIJU О SLANJU MIROVNIH SNAGA NA PODRUČJE BIVŠE JUGOSLAVIJE - U BIH ODRŽAN REFERENDUM О NEOVISNOSTI BIH 287 Prilog....................................................................................................................... 303 6
RAT PRUE RATA OŽUJAK 1992. HRVATSKA U IŠČEKIVANJU DOLASKA „PLAVIH KACIGA“ - U BIH ALIJA IZETBEGOVIĆ ODBIO CUTILIEROV MIROVNI PLAN - U MOSTARU RATNO STANJE.......................................................................................................................... 321 ZABORAVLJENA TORBA...................................................................................... 334 NEUSPIO POKUŠAJ LIKVIDACIJE U AŠČINICI KOD VLAHE.......................... 337 Prilog........................................................................................................................339 TRAVANJ ֊ LIPANJ 1992. EUROPSKA ZAJEDNICA PRIZNALA BOSNU I HERCEGOVINU - ULTIMATUM GENERALA MOMČILA PERIŠIĆA - POČETAK RATA I OTVORENE AGRESIJE NA MOSTAR I HERCEGOVINU - OPERACIJOM „LIPANJSKE ZORE 1992“ OSLOBOĐENI MOSTAR I DOLINA NERETVE...........................................................355 О CIMSKOM GRADU............................................................................................... 377 Prilog......................................................................................................................... 382 URBICID......................................................................................................................... 399 POPIS ŽRTAVA STRADALIH NA UBORKU............................................................... 404 ZAKLJUČAK.................................................................................................................. 411
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................418 ZA KRAJ........................................................................................................................ 423 LITERATURA................................................................................................................. 424 IZVORI............................................................................................................................425 AUTORI FOTOGRAFIJA.............................................................................................. 425 RECENZIJE.................................................................................................................... 426 BILJEŠKA О AUTORU................................................................................................. 439 7
Viktor Stojkić ABSTRACT WAR BEFORE THE WAR - The role and contribution of the police in defense of Mostar and Neretva valley in the Homeland war from September 1991 to June 1992 Yugoslav communists who ended World War II as winners fighting at antifas cist side, took over the power in the country after the war and established totalitar ian communist system which would after its breakdown have tragic consequences for all the nations who lived in that country. Homeland war was actually the result of fourty five years long communist dic tatorship in which numerous felonies, genocide and urbicide were performed. In totalitarian system multyparty was not allowed, nor the freedom of speech or different opinion, thus making basic human rights and freedom disturbed. Lazy and unefficient system organized on the principles of public ownership and so called „consensual economy“, without private enterpreneurship and unsolved na tional issues, was economically and politically unsustainable and it was a matter of time when it would collapse. It finally happened after forty five years (1945-1990) in the early nineties of the last century, when the country collapsed and instead of peaceful disintegration a bloody war began with tragic and immense consequences for all those who were involved in the course of that war. The worst crimes were done by Yugoslav Na tional Army under the command of officers educated in the spirit of communism and antifasism, i.e. politicians who were creators of such communist sytem. They were the same those who praised Tito and the Party, fraternity, unity
and YNA. In the end the communists showed their real face, from antifascists to fascists, from fraternity and unity to fratricidal war, from YNA as guarantor of peace and freedomto the army which started the war i.e. agression, making terrible war crimes and genocide over their own people. In the end Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe by its Resolution number 1481 (in 2006) condemned communism together with fascism and na tional-socialism as a totalitarian system. Similar or same situation was in other communist countries in Europe and the rest of the world. Lucky were those countries that managed to exit communism by transition into democratic societies without the war. Time is the best indicator that everything bad deteriorates sooner or later, and the same thing happened to 418
RAT PRUE RATA communist regimes that marked the 20th century and that almost disappeared in the beginning of 21st century or will soon disappear where they still exist. Hopefully it will not happen again. To noone and never again. Bloody breakup of Yugoslavia began after the breakup of Yugoslav Communist Party in the beginning of 1990 and after the first democratic elections were held when all the republics gained new democratic power. Citizens of Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia and later Autonomous province of Kosovo, in democratic way, i.e. by referendum, voted for independence of their republics and after that they became internationally recognized countries. Greater Serbian politicians led by Slobodan Miloševič did not accept such re ality but had the idea of Greater Serbia with all Serbs living in one country and together with YNA began an open agression first in Slovenia and Croatia and then Bosnia and Herzegovina, then Kosovo, but in the end lost all those wars and in stead of Greater Serbia with western border Karlobag-Karlovac-Virovitica they didn’t evenmanage to preserve the whole Serbia because they lost Kosovo which was a part of Serbia as an autonomous province. Montenegro, which was in al liance with Serbia for some time, also separated from Serbia and thu sfrom the planned Greater Serbia remained only Belgrade pashalik and Voivodina. Consequences of Greater Serbia agressionwere tragic, both for other nations and Serbian people themselves. Serbian people outside Serbia were given false hope, and in the end they wre left to themselves
experiencing exodus. During Greater Serbia agression numerous crimes wre performed, as well as genocide, urbicide, while hundreds of thousands of people had to leave their homes. Unfortunately, even today, over twenty years after the war, Greater Serbia poli ticians are seeking the culprit in others not wanting to admit their crimes. Besides the fact that creators of Greater Serbia agression, both political and mil itary leaders, were accused or convicted before the International Court of Justice in the Hague (S. Miloševič, R. Karadžič, В. Plavšić, Μ. Krajišnik, R. Mladić etc.), they deny their crimes. Regardless court verdicts, everybody has their own truth. Genocide is denied. The same politics from the nineties is still in power. There is no catarsis and until new political options appear and some new Willy Brandt real reconciliation seems very difficult. 419
Viktor Stojkić Greater Serbia agression on Mostar, i.e. Neretva valley and western Herzego vina started in September 1991 by YNA from Serbia and Montenegro, rebelled Serbs and other para-military formations. The crucial role in Mostar defense was performed by police forces. Immedi֊ atelly after the arrival of YNA reserve police troops were activated (20th Septem ber 1991, and B H Presidency brought a decision on reserve police troops in volvement on 26th September 1991) and thus a defense line was established in the western part of the town. In that way total siege of Mostar was disabled as well as cutting off Herzegovina and south of Croatia which would have brought those territories into total isolation from Croatia and the rest of the world. The established defense line of the western part of the town was held by the po lice forces till the end of April 1992 when further defense was transferred to HVO (Croatian Defence Council) and to the police (29th April 1992), keeping that line till Mostar was liberated in June 1992, i.e. till the end of war in December 1995. The importance of the defense line establishing in the western part of the town was the fact we did not let the town be totally surrounded, thus avoiding tragic destiny of the towns which were in the same or similar situation (Vukovar, Saraje vo, Srebrenica) which suffered genocide and urbicide. Besides the fact that we did not let Mostar suffer the same faith as Srebrenica, we managed, together with all the citizens who remained in the town, to protect it, although YNA tried in every possible way to force
us leave the town and, of course, did not succeed. If we had left the town it would have been impossible to defend it. During the ocupation (September 1991-April 1992) when police forces fought with YNA daily to protect the town and the defence line in the western part of the town, the or ganizers had enough time to prepare the final action „Lipanjska zora“ (June dawn), thus liberating Mostar and Neretva valley (June 1992). This action also enabled liberation of Dubrovnik, i.e. the south of Croatia. It was the first defeat of YNA and Serbian para-military forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and when President Alija Izetbegovic realized that the warfare should be pronounced (it was pronounced on 22nd June 1992) Mostar and Neretva valley had already been liberated by HVO and HV. And those who used to say it was not their war when Ravno was de stroyed and that two sides are needed for the war and that there would not be any war (statement of Alija Izetbegovic) were in the meantime occupied by Serbs and YNA who later committed terrible crimes and genocide over Muslims. Luckily, Croats recognized what would happen and organized themselves in time together with those Muslims who joined them thus preventing the destiny of Muslims who 420
RAT PRUE RATA lived with the Serbs. One important event preceeded the YNA occupation from September 1991. It was in May 1991 when the citizens of Mostar and western Herzegovina in Polog stopped the tanks leading towards Croatia with their own bodies. It was a Biblical scene, three days tanks were in front of barehanded people, begging us to let them pass. The event in Polog was a signal for establishing crisis headquarters, preparation and organization for confronting Greater Serbia agres sion which we had forseen and which, unfortunately, happened. Police were legal, legitimate and organized, thus having the possibility og con fronting the agression. Although we acted against legal regulations of that time, be cause opposing YNA was „anti-state“ activity, it did not prevent us to fight against the agression .In all those events police played an important role and influenced the further course of Homeland war. During that uneven fight from the first day of YNA occupation and of serbian-montenegro reserve forces, police and the people were the first one sin the defense, although inferior in any way, almost bare handed compared to military potential of the agressor, confronted it and not one moment did give up, but on the contrary fought directly. It was war before the war, a battle for positioning and time which we needed to organize ourselves, and thus confront the most brutal agression in recent history at the territory of ex Yugoslavia. Police forces also participated in all liberation actions till the end of war in 1995. The point of this war story. Which seems a bit
unreal, is the fact that barehand ed people managed to organize, arm and train themselves and liberate the occu pied area of Mostar and Neretva valley in only one year from May 1991 to June 1992, from at that time third or fourth military force in Europe and that the police had a significant role in that, maybe even a crucial one. It should also be mentioned that the leader of the movement was HDZ (Croatian Democratic Party), which organized all the activities connected to the Homeland war, both military and political ones, in the beginning organized through Croatian community Herceg-Bosna, i.e. Croatian republic Herceg-Bosna and Croatian de fence council. What was the alternative for HR HB? Maybe Srebrenica, Vukovar, genocide, urbicide, permanent oppression and disappearance of Croats? In short, Homeland war (1991-1995) was a reaction to Greater Serbia agres sion, while the conflict between Croats and Muslims was a consequence of Greater Serbia agression, as well as the conflict between two different Muslim fractions. HVO and HV were victorious army, agressors were defeated and hopefully smart er so that such a bloody tragedy should never happen again. 421
Viktor Stojkić A solution of Bosnia and Herzegovina survival is in the equality of all three nations living in it and their mutual agreements, everybody has to feel good in it and nobody can impose anything to anybody. As an old saying states: „ There is no well-being when you want deliberately to put yourself into something against others will“. Until then the future of Bosnia and Herzegovina will be uncertain. I hope and I want to believe it for the future of our kids and our descendants that war does not resolve anything because you can’t achieve anything with war and that such a tragedy will never happen again. Agreement is the only solution, because without peace there is no stability which is a prerequisite for the prosper ity of this country and every body living in it, and which satisfies all the conditions for something like that, but it is up to us whether we want i tor not. I would like to finish with that and say: let’s organize our country so that it suits everyone if we care about ourselves and about our country. I will refer to Ivo Andric once again and say that Bosnia and Herzegovina every day looks more and more like Prokleta avlija (The Damned Yard), where we deal with ourselves and move in enchanted circle out of which we don’t see the exit nor better future. Shall we and when exit that circle? And for how long will this damnation last? Or there is a completely different issue the point? I don’t know, but I do know that Bosnia and Herzegovina i san open issue and only we can close it. Shall we be able to do so is another question. In the end, the
conclusion would be that Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country of open questions or a country under question mark. Bosnia and Herzegovina is both a possible and an impossible country. At the same time. As we would say: You can’t say it doesn’t exist, but you can neither say it does exist! Bosnia and Herzegovina is like an intricate bench, and the more you untangle it, the more it embrangles. Is there any hope for Bosnia and Herzegovina at all? I know one thing: there is no truth without true conciliation and as long as there are several truths there will be less people here, and this country will be an unpromising society for our children and our descendants. In the end, let me go back to the story by Andrić from the beginning of this book, with Andrić I began and with him I will finish - at the time being, footprints by the river Drina will still remain those of Marko Kraljević’s horse, and for the others of Alija Derzelez’s horse; for som people the Drina river will connect and for the others it will devide. Or maybe the Drina river exists to be overjumped? 422
RAT PRUE RATA ZA KRAJ Ovu knjigu završio bih pjesmom koju sam inspiriran ljubavlju prema svojoj zem lji Hercegovini napisao povodom 25. obljetnice „Lipanjski zora , a koja je posve ćena svima koji su sudjelovali u obrani Mostara, doline Neretve i Hercegovine, napose onima koji u Domovinskom ratu i tisućljetnoj borbi za slobodu svoga naroda i svoje zemlje Hercegovine položiše živote na oltar domovine. SVETA ZEMLJA HERCEGOVINA Zemlja sunca, kamena i vina Sanjali je stoljećima Domovina naša mila Ponosna je Hercegovina Od stoljeća sedmog Hrvati se bore Za Humsku zemlju I potomke svoje Branit zemlju svog naroda Zavjet za nas to je sveti Za slobodu život dati Boriti se i umrijeti I sveta, i kleta, i razapeta Dostojanstvena i božanstvena Od bola i do bola prkosna Nikad pokorena Moja domovina Hercegovina Vječna je zemlja Naših pradjedova Domovina nam jedina Sveta zemlja Hercegovina! 423
Viktor Stojkić LITERATURA Andrić, Ivo: Na Drini ćuprija, Prosveta, Beograd, 1945. Anđelić, Pavao - Sivrić, Marijan - Anđelić, Tomislav: Srednjovjekov ne humske župe, Mostar, 1999. Bandić, Branko: Sloboda itd, Mostar, 2007. Ćišić, Husein: Mostar u Herceg-Bosni, Mostar, 1991. Cosić, Zdenko: Rat je počeo prije, Matica hrvatska ֊ Ogranak Široki Brijeg, Široki Brijeg, 2007. Goluža Božo: Svjedoci vjere i rodoljublja, Crkva na kamenu, Mostar, 2005. Hadžiosmanović, Ismet: Bošnjačko-hrvatski politički obračuni, Mostar, 2006. Južno bojište HVO - HV - Mostar, 1990. - 1992. Kovačević, Branimir: Suza za Bleiburg, Vlastita naklada, Zagreb, 2004. Lučić, Ivica (Ivo): Uzroci rata, Despot infinitus, Zagreb, 2013. Lučić, Ivo: Selo moje Ravno, Hrvatska hercegovačka zajednica Herceg Stjepan, Zagreb, 1992. Marijan, Davor: „Bitka za Vukovar“, Scrinia Slavonica, 2 (2002), Slavonski Brod. Lučić, Ivo: Vukovarska bolnica, Hrvatski institut za povijest, Zagreb, 2017. Praljak, Slobodan: Urbicid koji su počinile postrojbe JA pod vodstvom Mom čila Perišića u Mostaru u ljeto 1992., Zagreb, svibanj 2007. Prlić, Jadranko: Prilozi za povijest Hrvatske Republike Herceg Bosne I, Hrvat ski dokumentacijski centar Domovinskoga rata, Mostar - Zagreb, 2017. Prlić, Jadranko: Prilozi za povijest Hrvatske Republike Herceg Bosne II, Hr vatski dokumentacijski centar Domovinskoga rata, Mostar - Zagreb, 2017. Prlić, Jadranko: Prilozi za povijest Hrvatske Republike Herceg Bosne III, Hr vatski dokumentacijski centar Domovinskoga rata, Mostar - Zagreb, 2017. Rahimić, Amra: Kad kamen propláče, Društvo pisaca BiH, Mostar,
2004. Sentić, Marija: Kronologija Republike Hrvatske 1990. - 1998., Školska knjiga - Hrvatski institut za povijest, Zagreb, 2015. Spomenica poginulim i nestalim braniteljima HVO-a 1 i 2, Mostar, 2000. Tasić, David: Leševi s Golog, izdavači Dušan Crnjak i David Tasič, Edicija „Emonika“, Ljubljana, 1988. 424
RAT PRUE RATA IZVORI Autorove bilješke. Akti: Glavnoga stožera HVO-a, Općinskog sekretarijata za NO Mostar, Općin skoga odbora SDS-a Mostar, Općinskoga stožera Mostar, SJB Mostar. Depeše: CSB Mostar, MUP-a SR BiH, RSUP-a SR BiH, SJB Livno, SJB Mostar. Informacije: CSB Mostar, SJB Mostar. Izvješća: Centra službi bezbjednosti Mostar, CSB Mostar. Odluke: Kriznoga štaba Mostar, Općinskoga stožera Mostar, Odluka о osniva nju Hrvatskoga vijeća obrane, Odluka о uspostavi HZ HB. Službene zabilješke: SJB Mostar, SM Mostar, SMI Mostar, SM Blagaj, SM Luka, SM Jasenice, SM Carina, SM Carina III, SM Polog, SM Rudnik. Dopis grupe građana MZ Luka I, MZ Luka II i Donja Mahala. „Obavještenje о selektivnom miniranju“, Komanda Užičkog korpusa, br. 79-2 od 15. 1.1992. KZ SFRJ, Službeni list SFRJ, br. 44/76. „Politika ekspress“, Beograd. „Pregled bezbjednosnih događanja“ - SJB Mostar. „Pregled počinjene materijalne štete na kolovozu, zelenilu i motornim vozilima, prigodom prolaska vojnih specijalnih motornih vozila kroz grad Mostar od KPS - KMB Mostar, V.P. 7394 do naselja Polog, na dan 7. 5.1991. godine“ „Radna beležnica“ majora Gojka Nenadova, zvanoga Medžik, zapovjednika Spe cijalne policije JNA. Ratni dnevnik VI. bojne Kruševo. „Sloboda“, Mostar. „Večernji list , Zagreb. AUTORI FOTOGRAFIJA Udruga Ćiril Ćiro Raič Andrea Francetić 425
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Kazalo PREDGOVOR. 9 UVOD.11 MOSTAR U PROLJEĆE 1992. GODINE. 12 KOMUNISTIČKA DIKTATURA 1945. - 1990. 14 RASPAD SKJ I PRVI DEMOKRATSKI IZBORI U JUGOSLAVIJI. 17 PRVO POGLAVLJE SIJEČANJ - KOLOVOZ 1991. SIJEČANJ 1991. PROZOR NOĆAS MORA PASTI. 27 Prilog. 35 VELJAČA 1991. SLOVENIJA I HRVATSKA USVOJILE REZOLUCIJU О RAZDRUŽIVANJU OD SFRJ. 39 Prilog. 43 OŽUJAK 1991. IMENOVANJE NAČELNIKA SJB MOSTAR - OSTAVKA BORISAVA JOVIČA I POKUŠAJ UVOĐENJA IZVANREDNOGA STANJA U JUGOSLAVIJI. 45 Prilog. 69 TRAVANJ 1991. ŠESTORICA SE SUSRELA ČETIRI PUTA - KRIZA VLASTI SE NASTAVLJA - U HRVATSKOJ DRAMATIČNA SITUACIJA. 73
Prilog. 79 SVIBANJ 1991. ZAUSTAVLJENI TENKOVI U POLOGU ֊ TRAGEDIJA U BOROVU SELU, POGINULO DVANAEST HRVATSKIH POLICAJACA. 81 Prilog. 97 LIPANJ 1991. HRVATSKA I SLOVENIJA PROGLASILE SAMOSTALNOST - JNA NAPALA SLOVENIJU.109 Prilog. 117 5
Viktor Stoj kić SRPANJ 1991. U SLOVENIJI RAT ZAVRŠIO - U HRVATSKOJ RATNA DJELOVANJA SE POJAČAVAJU. 119 Prilog. 128 KOLOVOZ 1991. POČETAK OTVORENE AGRESIJE NA HRVATSKU - PUKOVNIK MILE DEDAKOVIĆ JASTREB IMENOVAN ZAPOVJEDNIKOM OBRANE VUKOVARA. 135 Prilog 142 DRUGO POGLAVLJE RUJAN 1991. - LIPANJ 1992. RUJAN 1991. JNA ISRPSKOCRNOGORSKI REZERVISTI OKUPIRALI MOSTAR I DOLINU NERETVE. 153 Prilog. 168 LISTOPAD 1991. HRVATSKA SE RAZDRUŽILA S JUGOSLAVIJOM - NAPADNUTI DUBROVNIK I RAVNO- SASTANAK S GENERALOM MILANOM TORBICOM. 181 Prilog. 24 STUDENI 1991. VUKOVAR JE PAO - OSNOVANA HRVATSKA ZAJEDNICA HERCEG-BOSNA (HZ HB). 215 Prilog . 234 PROSINAC 1991. HRVATSKA PRED MEĐUNARODNIM PRIZNANJEM - SRBI U HRVATSKOJ PROGLASILI RSK - SRBI U BIH OSNOVALI RS BIH. 243
Prilog. 256 SIJEČANJ 1992. EUROPSKA ZAJEDNICA PRIZNALA HRVATSKU - U BIH SRBI USVOJILI ODLUKU О FORMIRANJU „SRPSKE REPUBLIKE BIH“ - SMJENA GENERALA MILANA TORBICE - DOLAZAK GENERALA MOMČILA PERIŠIĆA.261 Prilog. 273 VELJAČA 1992. VIJEĆE SIGURNOSTI UN-а USVOJILO REZOLUCIJU О SLANJU MIROVNIH SNAGA NA PODRUČJE BIVŠE JUGOSLAVIJE - U BIH ODRŽAN REFERENDUM О NEOVISNOSTI BIH 287 Prilog. 303 6
RAT PRUE RATA OŽUJAK 1992. HRVATSKA U IŠČEKIVANJU DOLASKA „PLAVIH KACIGA“ - U BIH ALIJA IZETBEGOVIĆ ODBIO CUTILIEROV MIROVNI PLAN - U MOSTARU RATNO STANJE. 321 ZABORAVLJENA TORBA. 334 NEUSPIO POKUŠAJ LIKVIDACIJE U AŠČINICI KOD VLAHE. 337 Prilog.339 TRAVANJ ֊ LIPANJ 1992. EUROPSKA ZAJEDNICA PRIZNALA BOSNU I HERCEGOVINU - ULTIMATUM GENERALA MOMČILA PERIŠIĆA - POČETAK RATA I OTVORENE AGRESIJE NA MOSTAR I HERCEGOVINU - OPERACIJOM „LIPANJSKE ZORE 1992“ OSLOBOĐENI MOSTAR I DOLINA NERETVE.355 О CIMSKOM GRADU. 377 Prilog. 382 URBICID. 399 POPIS ŽRTAVA STRADALIH NA UBORKU. 404 ZAKLJUČAK. 411
ABSTRACT.418 ZA KRAJ. 423 LITERATURA. 424 IZVORI.425 AUTORI FOTOGRAFIJA. 425 RECENZIJE. 426 BILJEŠKA О AUTORU. 439 7
Viktor Stojkić ABSTRACT WAR BEFORE THE WAR - The role and contribution of the police in defense of Mostar and Neretva valley in the Homeland war from September 1991 to June 1992 Yugoslav communists who ended World War II as winners fighting at antifas cist side, took over the power in the country after the war and established totalitar ian communist system which would after its breakdown have tragic consequences for all the nations who lived in that country. Homeland war was actually the result of fourty five years long communist dic tatorship in which numerous felonies, genocide and urbicide were performed. In totalitarian system multyparty was not allowed, nor the freedom of speech or different opinion, thus making basic human rights and freedom disturbed. Lazy and unefficient system organized on the principles of public ownership and so called „consensual economy“, without private enterpreneurship and unsolved na tional issues, was economically and politically unsustainable and it was a matter of time when it would collapse. It finally happened after forty five years (1945-1990) in the early nineties of the last century, when the country collapsed and instead of peaceful disintegration a bloody war began with tragic and immense consequences for all those who were involved in the course of that war. The worst crimes were done by Yugoslav Na tional Army under the command of officers educated in the spirit of communism and antifasism, i.e. politicians who were creators of such communist sytem. They were the same those who praised Tito and the Party, fraternity, unity
and YNA. In the end the communists showed their real face, from antifascists to fascists, from fraternity and unity to fratricidal war, from YNA as guarantor of peace and freedomto the army which started the war i.e. agression, making terrible war crimes and genocide over their own people. In the end Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe by its Resolution number 1481 (in 2006) condemned communism together with fascism and na tional-socialism as a totalitarian system. Similar or same situation was in other communist countries in Europe and the rest of the world. Lucky were those countries that managed to exit communism by transition into democratic societies without the war. Time is the best indicator that everything bad deteriorates sooner or later, and the same thing happened to 418
RAT PRUE RATA communist regimes that marked the 20th century and that almost disappeared in the beginning of 21st century or will soon disappear where they still exist. Hopefully it will not happen again. To noone and never again. Bloody breakup of Yugoslavia began after the breakup of Yugoslav Communist Party in the beginning of 1990 and after the first democratic elections were held when all the republics gained new democratic power. Citizens of Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia and later Autonomous province of Kosovo, in democratic way, i.e. by referendum, voted for independence of their republics and after that they became internationally recognized countries. Greater Serbian politicians led by Slobodan Miloševič did not accept such re ality but had the idea of Greater Serbia with all Serbs living in one country and together with YNA began an open agression first in Slovenia and Croatia and then Bosnia and Herzegovina, then Kosovo, but in the end lost all those wars and in stead of Greater Serbia with western border Karlobag-Karlovac-Virovitica they didn’t evenmanage to preserve the whole Serbia because they lost Kosovo which was a part of Serbia as an autonomous province. Montenegro, which was in al liance with Serbia for some time, also separated from Serbia and thu sfrom the planned Greater Serbia remained only Belgrade pashalik and Voivodina. Consequences of Greater Serbia agressionwere tragic, both for other nations and Serbian people themselves. Serbian people outside Serbia were given false hope, and in the end they wre left to themselves
experiencing exodus. During Greater Serbia agression numerous crimes wre performed, as well as genocide, urbicide, while hundreds of thousands of people had to leave their homes. Unfortunately, even today, over twenty years after the war, Greater Serbia poli ticians are seeking the culprit in others not wanting to admit their crimes. Besides the fact that creators of Greater Serbia agression, both political and mil itary leaders, were accused or convicted before the International Court of Justice in the Hague (S. Miloševič, R. Karadžič, В. Plavšić, Μ. Krajišnik, R. Mladić etc.), they deny their crimes. Regardless court verdicts, everybody has their own truth. Genocide is denied. The same politics from the nineties is still in power. There is no catarsis and until new political options appear and some new Willy Brandt real reconciliation seems very difficult. 419
Viktor Stojkić Greater Serbia agression on Mostar, i.e. Neretva valley and western Herzego vina started in September 1991 by YNA from Serbia and Montenegro, rebelled Serbs and other para-military formations. The crucial role in Mostar defense was performed by police forces. Immedi֊ atelly after the arrival of YNA reserve police troops were activated (20th Septem ber 1991, and B H Presidency brought a decision on reserve police troops in volvement on 26th September 1991) and thus a defense line was established in the western part of the town. In that way total siege of Mostar was disabled as well as cutting off Herzegovina and south of Croatia which would have brought those territories into total isolation from Croatia and the rest of the world. The established defense line of the western part of the town was held by the po lice forces till the end of April 1992 when further defense was transferred to HVO (Croatian Defence Council) and to the police (29th April 1992), keeping that line till Mostar was liberated in June 1992, i.e. till the end of war in December 1995. The importance of the defense line establishing in the western part of the town was the fact we did not let the town be totally surrounded, thus avoiding tragic destiny of the towns which were in the same or similar situation (Vukovar, Saraje vo, Srebrenica) which suffered genocide and urbicide. Besides the fact that we did not let Mostar suffer the same faith as Srebrenica, we managed, together with all the citizens who remained in the town, to protect it, although YNA tried in every possible way to force
us leave the town and, of course, did not succeed. If we had left the town it would have been impossible to defend it. During the ocupation (September 1991-April 1992) when police forces fought with YNA daily to protect the town and the defence line in the western part of the town, the or ganizers had enough time to prepare the final action „Lipanjska zora“ (June dawn), thus liberating Mostar and Neretva valley (June 1992). This action also enabled liberation of Dubrovnik, i.e. the south of Croatia. It was the first defeat of YNA and Serbian para-military forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and when President Alija Izetbegovic realized that the warfare should be pronounced (it was pronounced on 22nd June 1992) Mostar and Neretva valley had already been liberated by HVO and HV. And those who used to say it was not their war when Ravno was de stroyed and that two sides are needed for the war and that there would not be any war (statement of Alija Izetbegovic) were in the meantime occupied by Serbs and YNA who later committed terrible crimes and genocide over Muslims. Luckily, Croats recognized what would happen and organized themselves in time together with those Muslims who joined them thus preventing the destiny of Muslims who 420
RAT PRUE RATA lived with the Serbs. One important event preceeded the YNA occupation from September 1991. It was in May 1991 when the citizens of Mostar and western Herzegovina in Polog stopped the tanks leading towards Croatia with their own bodies. It was a Biblical scene, three days tanks were in front of barehanded people, begging us to let them pass. The event in Polog was a signal for establishing crisis headquarters, preparation and organization for confronting Greater Serbia agres sion which we had forseen and which, unfortunately, happened. Police were legal, legitimate and organized, thus having the possibility og con fronting the agression. Although we acted against legal regulations of that time, be cause opposing YNA was „anti-state“ activity, it did not prevent us to fight against the agression .In all those events police played an important role and influenced the further course of Homeland war. During that uneven fight from the first day of YNA occupation and of serbian-montenegro reserve forces, police and the people were the first one sin the defense, although inferior in any way, almost bare handed compared to military potential of the agressor, confronted it and not one moment did give up, but on the contrary fought directly. It was war before the war, a battle for positioning and time which we needed to organize ourselves, and thus confront the most brutal agression in recent history at the territory of ex Yugoslavia. Police forces also participated in all liberation actions till the end of war in 1995. The point of this war story. Which seems a bit
unreal, is the fact that barehand ed people managed to organize, arm and train themselves and liberate the occu pied area of Mostar and Neretva valley in only one year from May 1991 to June 1992, from at that time third or fourth military force in Europe and that the police had a significant role in that, maybe even a crucial one. It should also be mentioned that the leader of the movement was HDZ (Croatian Democratic Party), which organized all the activities connected to the Homeland war, both military and political ones, in the beginning organized through Croatian community Herceg-Bosna, i.e. Croatian republic Herceg-Bosna and Croatian de fence council. What was the alternative for HR HB? Maybe Srebrenica, Vukovar, genocide, urbicide, permanent oppression and disappearance of Croats? In short, Homeland war (1991-1995) was a reaction to Greater Serbia agres sion, while the conflict between Croats and Muslims was a consequence of Greater Serbia agression, as well as the conflict between two different Muslim fractions. HVO and HV were victorious army, agressors were defeated and hopefully smart er so that such a bloody tragedy should never happen again. 421
Viktor Stojkić A solution of Bosnia and Herzegovina survival is in the equality of all three nations living in it and their mutual agreements, everybody has to feel good in it and nobody can impose anything to anybody. As an old saying states: „ There is no well-being when you want deliberately to put yourself into something against others will“. Until then the future of Bosnia and Herzegovina will be uncertain. I hope and I want to believe it for the future of our kids and our descendants that war does not resolve anything because you can’t achieve anything with war and that such a tragedy will never happen again. Agreement is the only solution, because without peace there is no stability which is a prerequisite for the prosper ity of this country and every body living in it, and which satisfies all the conditions for something like that, but it is up to us whether we want i tor not. I would like to finish with that and say: let’s organize our country so that it suits everyone if we care about ourselves and about our country. I will refer to Ivo Andric once again and say that Bosnia and Herzegovina every day looks more and more like Prokleta avlija (The Damned Yard), where we deal with ourselves and move in enchanted circle out of which we don’t see the exit nor better future. Shall we and when exit that circle? And for how long will this damnation last? Or there is a completely different issue the point? I don’t know, but I do know that Bosnia and Herzegovina i san open issue and only we can close it. Shall we be able to do so is another question. In the end, the
conclusion would be that Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country of open questions or a country under question mark. Bosnia and Herzegovina is both a possible and an impossible country. At the same time. As we would say: You can’t say it doesn’t exist, but you can neither say it does exist! Bosnia and Herzegovina is like an intricate bench, and the more you untangle it, the more it embrangles. Is there any hope for Bosnia and Herzegovina at all? I know one thing: there is no truth without true conciliation and as long as there are several truths there will be less people here, and this country will be an unpromising society for our children and our descendants. In the end, let me go back to the story by Andrić from the beginning of this book, with Andrić I began and with him I will finish - at the time being, footprints by the river Drina will still remain those of Marko Kraljević’s horse, and for the others of Alija Derzelez’s horse; for som people the Drina river will connect and for the others it will devide. Or maybe the Drina river exists to be overjumped? 422
RAT PRUE RATA ZA KRAJ Ovu knjigu završio bih pjesmom koju sam inspiriran ljubavlju prema svojoj zem lji Hercegovini napisao povodom 25. obljetnice „Lipanjski zora", a koja je posve ćena svima koji su sudjelovali u obrani Mostara, doline Neretve i Hercegovine, napose onima koji u Domovinskom ratu i tisućljetnoj borbi za slobodu svoga naroda i svoje zemlje Hercegovine položiše živote na oltar domovine. SVETA ZEMLJA HERCEGOVINA Zemlja sunca, kamena i vina Sanjali je stoljećima Domovina naša mila Ponosna je Hercegovina Od stoljeća sedmog Hrvati se bore Za Humsku zemlju I potomke svoje Branit zemlju svog naroda Zavjet za nas to je sveti Za slobodu život dati Boriti se i umrijeti I sveta, i kleta, i razapeta Dostojanstvena i božanstvena Od bola i do bola prkosna Nikad pokorena Moja domovina Hercegovina Vječna je zemlja Naših pradjedova Domovina nam jedina Sveta zemlja Hercegovina! 423
Viktor Stojkić LITERATURA Andrić, Ivo: Na Drini ćuprija, Prosveta, Beograd, 1945. Anđelić, Pavao - Sivrić, Marijan - Anđelić, Tomislav: Srednjovjekov ne humske župe, Mostar, 1999. Bandić, Branko: Sloboda itd, Mostar, 2007. Ćišić, Husein: Mostar u Herceg-Bosni, Mostar, 1991. Cosić, Zdenko: Rat je počeo prije, Matica hrvatska ֊ Ogranak Široki Brijeg, Široki Brijeg, 2007. Goluža Božo: Svjedoci vjere i rodoljublja, Crkva na kamenu, Mostar, 2005. Hadžiosmanović, Ismet: Bošnjačko-hrvatski politički obračuni, Mostar, 2006. Južno bojište HVO - HV - Mostar, 1990. - 1992. Kovačević, Branimir: Suza za Bleiburg, Vlastita naklada, Zagreb, 2004. Lučić, Ivica (Ivo): Uzroci rata, Despot infinitus, Zagreb, 2013. Lučić, Ivo: Selo moje Ravno, Hrvatska hercegovačka zajednica Herceg Stjepan, Zagreb, 1992. Marijan, Davor: „Bitka za Vukovar“, Scrinia Slavonica, 2 (2002), Slavonski Brod. Lučić, Ivo: Vukovarska bolnica, Hrvatski institut za povijest, Zagreb, 2017. Praljak, Slobodan: Urbicid koji su počinile postrojbe JA pod vodstvom Mom čila Perišića u Mostaru u ljeto 1992., Zagreb, svibanj 2007. Prlić, Jadranko: Prilozi za povijest Hrvatske Republike Herceg Bosne I, Hrvat ski dokumentacijski centar Domovinskoga rata, Mostar - Zagreb, 2017. Prlić, Jadranko: Prilozi za povijest Hrvatske Republike Herceg Bosne II, Hr vatski dokumentacijski centar Domovinskoga rata, Mostar - Zagreb, 2017. Prlić, Jadranko: Prilozi za povijest Hrvatske Republike Herceg Bosne III, Hr vatski dokumentacijski centar Domovinskoga rata, Mostar - Zagreb, 2017. Rahimić, Amra: Kad kamen propláče, Društvo pisaca BiH, Mostar,
2004. Sentić, Marija: Kronologija Republike Hrvatske 1990. - 1998., Školska knjiga - Hrvatski institut za povijest, Zagreb, 2015. Spomenica poginulim i nestalim braniteljima HVO-a 1 i 2, Mostar, 2000. Tasić, David: Leševi s Golog, izdavači Dušan Crnjak i David Tasič, Edicija „Emonika“, Ljubljana, 1988. 424
RAT PRUE RATA IZVORI Autorove bilješke. Akti: Glavnoga stožera HVO-a, Općinskog sekretarijata za NO Mostar, Općin skoga odbora SDS-a Mostar, Općinskoga stožera Mostar, SJB Mostar. Depeše: CSB Mostar, MUP-a SR BiH, RSUP-a SR BiH, SJB Livno, SJB Mostar. Informacije: CSB Mostar, SJB Mostar. Izvješća: Centra službi bezbjednosti Mostar, CSB Mostar. Odluke: Kriznoga štaba Mostar, Općinskoga stožera Mostar, Odluka о osniva nju Hrvatskoga vijeća obrane, Odluka о uspostavi HZ HB. Službene zabilješke: SJB Mostar, SM Mostar, SMI Mostar, SM Blagaj, SM Luka, SM Jasenice, SM Carina, SM Carina III, SM Polog, SM Rudnik. Dopis grupe građana MZ Luka I, MZ Luka II i Donja Mahala. „Obavještenje о selektivnom miniranju“, Komanda Užičkog korpusa, br. 79-2 od 15. 1.1992. KZ SFRJ, Službeni list SFRJ, br. 44/76. „Politika ekspress“, Beograd. „Pregled bezbjednosnih događanja“ - SJB Mostar. „Pregled počinjene materijalne štete na kolovozu, zelenilu i motornim vozilima, prigodom prolaska vojnih specijalnih motornih vozila kroz grad Mostar od KPS - KMB Mostar, V.P. 7394 do naselja Polog, na dan 7. 5.1991. godine“ „Radna beležnica“ majora Gojka Nenadova, zvanoga Medžik, zapovjednika Spe cijalne policije JNA. Ratni dnevnik VI. bojne Kruševo. „Sloboda“, Mostar. „Večernji list", Zagreb. AUTORI FOTOGRAFIJA Udruga Ćiril Ćiro Raič Andrea Francetić 425 |
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| geographic | Mostar (DE-588)4102238-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Mostar |
| id | DE-604.BV047854634 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T19:15:43Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:23:10Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789958038181 9789926846701 |
| language | Croatian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033237402 |
| oclc_num | 1371315117 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 439 Seiten Illustrationen, Faksimiles |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20230220 |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateSearch | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | Hrvatski dokumentacijski centar Domovinskog rata u BiH Udruga dragovoljaca i veterana Domovinskog rata HR H-B |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Stojkić, Viktor 1954- Verfasser (DE-588)1257838636 aut Rat prije rata uloga i doprinos policije obrani Mostara i doline Neretve u Domovinskom ratu : rujan 1991.-lipanj 1992. Viktor Stojkić War before the war Mostar Hrvatski dokumentacijski centar Domovinskog rata u BiH 2020. Mostar Udruga dragovoljaca i veterana Domovinskog rata HR H-B 439 Seiten Illustrationen, Faksimiles txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturverzeichnis Seite 424-425 Englische Zusammenfassung: War before the war Kroaten (DE-588)4033244-5 gnd rswk-swf Bosnienkrieg (DE-588)4345999-7 gnd rswk-swf Polizei (DE-588)4046595-0 gnd rswk-swf Vorgeschichte (DE-588)4138921-9 gnd rswk-swf Mostar (DE-588)4102238-5 gnd rswk-swf Mostar (DE-588)4102238-5 g Kroaten (DE-588)4033244-5 s Polizei (DE-588)4046595-0 s Bosnienkrieg (DE-588)4345999-7 s Vorgeschichte (DE-588)4138921-9 s DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033237402&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033237402&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033237402&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Stojkić, Viktor 1954- Rat prije rata uloga i doprinos policije obrani Mostara i doline Neretve u Domovinskom ratu : rujan 1991.-lipanj 1992. Kroaten (DE-588)4033244-5 gnd Bosnienkrieg (DE-588)4345999-7 gnd Polizei (DE-588)4046595-0 gnd Vorgeschichte (DE-588)4138921-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4033244-5 (DE-588)4345999-7 (DE-588)4046595-0 (DE-588)4138921-9 (DE-588)4102238-5 |
| title | Rat prije rata uloga i doprinos policije obrani Mostara i doline Neretve u Domovinskom ratu : rujan 1991.-lipanj 1992. |
| title_alt | War before the war |
| title_auth | Rat prije rata uloga i doprinos policije obrani Mostara i doline Neretve u Domovinskom ratu : rujan 1991.-lipanj 1992. |
| title_exact_search | Rat prije rata uloga i doprinos policije obrani Mostara i doline Neretve u Domovinskom ratu : rujan 1991.-lipanj 1992. |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Rat prije rata uloga i doprinos policije obrani Mostara i doline Neretve u Domovinskom ratu : rujan 1991.-lipanj 1992. |
| title_full | Rat prije rata uloga i doprinos policije obrani Mostara i doline Neretve u Domovinskom ratu : rujan 1991.-lipanj 1992. Viktor Stojkić |
| title_fullStr | Rat prije rata uloga i doprinos policije obrani Mostara i doline Neretve u Domovinskom ratu : rujan 1991.-lipanj 1992. Viktor Stojkić |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rat prije rata uloga i doprinos policije obrani Mostara i doline Neretve u Domovinskom ratu : rujan 1991.-lipanj 1992. Viktor Stojkić |
| title_short | Rat prije rata |
| title_sort | rat prije rata uloga i doprinos policije obrani mostara i doline neretve u domovinskom ratu rujan 1991 lipanj 1992 |
| title_sub | uloga i doprinos policije obrani Mostara i doline Neretve u Domovinskom ratu : rujan 1991.-lipanj 1992. |
| topic | Kroaten (DE-588)4033244-5 gnd Bosnienkrieg (DE-588)4345999-7 gnd Polizei (DE-588)4046595-0 gnd Vorgeschichte (DE-588)4138921-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Kroaten Bosnienkrieg Polizei Vorgeschichte Mostar |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033237402&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033237402&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033237402&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT stojkicviktor ratprijerataulogaidoprinospolicijeobranimostaraidolineneretveudomovinskomraturujan1991lipanj1992 AT stojkicviktor warbeforethewar |