Caliphs and merchants: cities and economies of power in the Near East (700-950)
Caliphs and Merchants: Cities and Economies of Power in the Near East (700-950)' offers fresh perspectives on the origins of the economic success of the early Islamic Caliphate, identifying a number of previously unnoticed or underplayed yet crucial developments, such as the changing conditions...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Karte |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford
Oxford University Press
2020
|
| Ausgabe: | First edition |
| Schriftenreihe: | Oxford studies in Byzantium
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Zusammenfassung: | Caliphs and Merchants: Cities and Economies of Power in the Near East (700-950)' offers fresh perspectives on the origins of the economic success of the early Islamic Caliphate, identifying a number of previously unnoticed or underplayed yet crucial developments, such as the changing conditions of labour, attitudes towards professional associations, and the interplay between the state, Islamic religious institutions, and the economy. 0Moving beyond the well-studied transition between the death of Justinian in 565 and the Arab-Muslim conquests in the seventh century, the volume focuses on the period between 700 and 950 during which the Islamic world asserted its identity and authority. Whilst the extraordinary prosperity of Near Eastern cities and economies during this time was not unprecedented when one considers the early Imperial Roman world, the aftermath of the Arab-Muslim conquests saw a deep transformation of urban retail and craft which marked a distinct break from the past. It explores the mechanisms effecting these changes, from the increasing involvement of caliphs and their governors in the patronage of urban economies, to the empowerment of enriched entrepreneurial tagir from the ninth century. 0Combining detailed analysis of a large corpus of literary sources in Arabic with presentation of new physical and epigraphic evidence, and utilizing an innovative approach which is both comparative and global, the discussion lucidly locates the Middle East within the contemporary Eurasian context and draws instructive parallels between the Islamic world and Western Christendom, Byzantium, South-East Asia, and China |
| Beschreibung: | "First edition published 2020. |
| Beschreibung: | xxii, 360 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9780198855828 |
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| 505 | 8 | |a List of Illustrations -- List of Abbreviations -- Notes on Transcription and Dates -- Maps -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: The Historical Context -- 1. Conquests -- 2. Ideology -- 3. Agriculture -- 4. Trade -- Part I: Patronage and Power -- Chapter 2: A Stamp of Authority -- 1. A Caliphal Officium -- 2. Sowing and Reaping -- 3. Exercise and Assertion of Power -- Chapter 3: New Perspectives on Urban Economic Planning -- 1. Growth of Communal Working Areas in the Levant (700-50) -- 2. Process of Exclusion of Economic Clusters Under Early 'Abbāsid Rule -- 3. Rabaḍ in Central Asia -- 4. Isolation of Domesticity -- 4.1 Productive and public use to domestic shelter -- 4.2 An emphasis on intimacy -- Conclusion to Part I -- Part II: Revisiting the Legacies -- Chapter 4: Artisans to Producers -- 1. The Progression of Change -- 1.1 Persistence of Roman practices after 700 -- 1.2 Downfall of 'home' production after 800 -- 2. Approaches to Key Industries -- 2.1 Pottery -- 2.2 Glassmaking -- | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 2.3 Textile industry -- 3. Food Processing Industries -- 3.1 Oil and wine industries -- 3.2 Watermills -- Chapter 5: Reshaping Marketplaces -- 1. From the ergastērion to the Sūq -- 2. Covered MarketPlaces -- 2.1 Funduq -- 2.2 Dār, ẖān, and qaysāriyya -- Conclusion to Part II -- Part III: Institutional and Religious Generators -- Chapter 6: Money Supply and Currency -- 1. Out with the Old . . . -- 2. Coinage in Common -- 3. Balancing Supply and Demand -- Chapter 7: Islamifying the Economy -- 1. Commercial Rituals and Islamic Worship -- 2. Mosques and Measures -- 3. The Muḥtasib -- Conclusion to Part III -- Part IV: Economy and Social Changes -- Chapter 8: The Evolution of Labour Patterns -- 1. Conditions of Labour -- 1.1 Servile labour -- 1.2 Free labour -- 1.3 Wage labour -- 2. Changing Patterns of Institutional Identity -- 3. Status and Composition of the Labour Force -- 3.1 Disdained and tolerated professions -- 3.2 Changing division of labour -- 3.3 Female artisans -- | |
| 505 | 8 | |a Chapter 9: Twilight of the Clerical and Landowning Elite, Rise of Tuggār -- 1. Retailers and Traders Before 800 -- 2. Ascendance of Tuggār from 800 -- 2.1 Financial -- 2.2 Identity -- 2.3 Cultural -- 3. Tuggār's Political and Religious Careers -- 4. Tuggār and Authority -- 4.1 The defence of trading interests -- 4.2 Tuggār and economic expansion -- Conclusion to Part IV -- Conclusion -- Appendix -- References -- Index | |
| 520 | 3 | |a Caliphs and Merchants: Cities and Economies of Power in the Near East (700-950)' offers fresh perspectives on the origins of the economic success of the early Islamic Caliphate, identifying a number of previously unnoticed or underplayed yet crucial developments, such as the changing conditions of labour, attitudes towards professional associations, and the interplay between the state, Islamic religious institutions, and the economy. 0Moving beyond the well-studied transition between the death of Justinian in 565 and the Arab-Muslim conquests in the seventh century, the volume focuses on the period between 700 and 950 during which the Islamic world asserted its identity and authority. Whilst the extraordinary prosperity of Near Eastern cities and economies during this time was not unprecedented when one considers the early Imperial Roman world, the aftermath of the Arab-Muslim conquests saw a deep transformation of urban retail and craft which marked a distinct break from the past. It explores the mechanisms effecting these changes, from the increasing involvement of caliphs and their governors in the patronage of urban economies, to the empowerment of enriched entrepreneurial tagir from the ninth century. 0Combining detailed analysis of a large corpus of literary sources in Arabic with presentation of new physical and epigraphic evidence, and utilizing an innovative approach which is both comparative and global, the discussion lucidly locates the Middle East within the contemporary Eurasian context and draws instructive parallels between the Islamic world and Western Christendom, Byzantium, South-East Asia, and China | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| author | Bessard, Fanny 1981- |
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| author_facet | Bessard, Fanny 1981- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Bessard, Fanny 1981- |
| author_variant | f b fb |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV047654816 |
| contents | List of Illustrations -- List of Abbreviations -- Notes on Transcription and Dates -- Maps -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: The Historical Context -- 1. Conquests -- 2. Ideology -- 3. Agriculture -- 4. Trade -- Part I: Patronage and Power -- Chapter 2: A Stamp of Authority -- 1. A Caliphal Officium -- 2. Sowing and Reaping -- 3. Exercise and Assertion of Power -- Chapter 3: New Perspectives on Urban Economic Planning -- 1. Growth of Communal Working Areas in the Levant (700-50) -- 2. Process of Exclusion of Economic Clusters Under Early 'Abbāsid Rule -- 3. Rabaḍ in Central Asia -- 4. Isolation of Domesticity -- 4.1 Productive and public use to domestic shelter -- 4.2 An emphasis on intimacy -- Conclusion to Part I -- Part II: Revisiting the Legacies -- Chapter 4: Artisans to Producers -- 1. The Progression of Change -- 1.1 Persistence of Roman practices after 700 -- 1.2 Downfall of 'home' production after 800 -- 2. Approaches to Key Industries -- 2.1 Pottery -- 2.2 Glassmaking -- 2.3 Textile industry -- 3. Food Processing Industries -- 3.1 Oil and wine industries -- 3.2 Watermills -- Chapter 5: Reshaping Marketplaces -- 1. From the ergastērion to the Sūq -- 2. Covered MarketPlaces -- 2.1 Funduq -- 2.2 Dār, ẖān, and qaysāriyya -- Conclusion to Part II -- Part III: Institutional and Religious Generators -- Chapter 6: Money Supply and Currency -- 1. Out with the Old . . . -- 2. Coinage in Common -- 3. Balancing Supply and Demand -- Chapter 7: Islamifying the Economy -- 1. Commercial Rituals and Islamic Worship -- 2. Mosques and Measures -- 3. The Muḥtasib -- Conclusion to Part III -- Part IV: Economy and Social Changes -- Chapter 8: The Evolution of Labour Patterns -- 1. Conditions of Labour -- 1.1 Servile labour -- 1.2 Free labour -- 1.3 Wage labour -- 2. Changing Patterns of Institutional Identity -- 3. Status and Composition of the Labour Force -- 3.1 Disdained and tolerated professions -- 3.2 Changing division of labour -- 3.3 Female artisans -- Chapter 9: Twilight of the Clerical and Landowning Elite, Rise of Tuggār -- 1. Retailers and Traders Before 800 -- 2. Ascendance of Tuggār from 800 -- 2.1 Financial -- 2.2 Identity -- 2.3 Cultural -- 3. Tuggār's Political and Religious Careers -- 4. Tuggār and Authority -- 4.1 The defence of trading interests -- 4.2 Tuggār and economic expansion -- Conclusion to Part IV -- Conclusion -- Appendix -- References -- Index |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1294735356 (DE-599)BVBBV047654816 |
| edition | First edition |
| era | Geschichte 700-950 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 700-950 |
| format | Map |
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| isbn | 9780198855828 |
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| spelling | Bessard, Fanny 1981- Verfasser (DE-588)1222054647 aut Caliphs and merchants cities and economies of power in the Near East (700-950) Fanny Bessard First edition Oxford Oxford University Press 2020 xxii, 360 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten 24 cm txt rdacontent sti rdacontent cri rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Oxford studies in Byzantium "First edition published 2020. List of Illustrations -- List of Abbreviations -- Notes on Transcription and Dates -- Maps -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: The Historical Context -- 1. Conquests -- 2. Ideology -- 3. Agriculture -- 4. Trade -- Part I: Patronage and Power -- Chapter 2: A Stamp of Authority -- 1. A Caliphal Officium -- 2. Sowing and Reaping -- 3. Exercise and Assertion of Power -- Chapter 3: New Perspectives on Urban Economic Planning -- 1. Growth of Communal Working Areas in the Levant (700-50) -- 2. Process of Exclusion of Economic Clusters Under Early 'Abbāsid Rule -- 3. Rabaḍ in Central Asia -- 4. Isolation of Domesticity -- 4.1 Productive and public use to domestic shelter -- 4.2 An emphasis on intimacy -- Conclusion to Part I -- Part II: Revisiting the Legacies -- Chapter 4: Artisans to Producers -- 1. The Progression of Change -- 1.1 Persistence of Roman practices after 700 -- 1.2 Downfall of 'home' production after 800 -- 2. Approaches to Key Industries -- 2.1 Pottery -- 2.2 Glassmaking -- 2.3 Textile industry -- 3. Food Processing Industries -- 3.1 Oil and wine industries -- 3.2 Watermills -- Chapter 5: Reshaping Marketplaces -- 1. From the ergastērion to the Sūq -- 2. Covered MarketPlaces -- 2.1 Funduq -- 2.2 Dār, ẖān, and qaysāriyya -- Conclusion to Part II -- Part III: Institutional and Religious Generators -- Chapter 6: Money Supply and Currency -- 1. Out with the Old . . . -- 2. Coinage in Common -- 3. Balancing Supply and Demand -- Chapter 7: Islamifying the Economy -- 1. Commercial Rituals and Islamic Worship -- 2. Mosques and Measures -- 3. The Muḥtasib -- Conclusion to Part III -- Part IV: Economy and Social Changes -- Chapter 8: The Evolution of Labour Patterns -- 1. Conditions of Labour -- 1.1 Servile labour -- 1.2 Free labour -- 1.3 Wage labour -- 2. Changing Patterns of Institutional Identity -- 3. Status and Composition of the Labour Force -- 3.1 Disdained and tolerated professions -- 3.2 Changing division of labour -- 3.3 Female artisans -- Chapter 9: Twilight of the Clerical and Landowning Elite, Rise of Tuggār -- 1. Retailers and Traders Before 800 -- 2. Ascendance of Tuggār from 800 -- 2.1 Financial -- 2.2 Identity -- 2.3 Cultural -- 3. Tuggār's Political and Religious Careers -- 4. Tuggār and Authority -- 4.1 The defence of trading interests -- 4.2 Tuggār and economic expansion -- Conclusion to Part IV -- Conclusion -- Appendix -- References -- Index Caliphs and Merchants: Cities and Economies of Power in the Near East (700-950)' offers fresh perspectives on the origins of the economic success of the early Islamic Caliphate, identifying a number of previously unnoticed or underplayed yet crucial developments, such as the changing conditions of labour, attitudes towards professional associations, and the interplay between the state, Islamic religious institutions, and the economy. 0Moving beyond the well-studied transition between the death of Justinian in 565 and the Arab-Muslim conquests in the seventh century, the volume focuses on the period between 700 and 950 during which the Islamic world asserted its identity and authority. Whilst the extraordinary prosperity of Near Eastern cities and economies during this time was not unprecedented when one considers the early Imperial Roman world, the aftermath of the Arab-Muslim conquests saw a deep transformation of urban retail and craft which marked a distinct break from the past. It explores the mechanisms effecting these changes, from the increasing involvement of caliphs and their governors in the patronage of urban economies, to the empowerment of enriched entrepreneurial tagir from the ninth century. 0Combining detailed analysis of a large corpus of literary sources in Arabic with presentation of new physical and epigraphic evidence, and utilizing an innovative approach which is both comparative and global, the discussion lucidly locates the Middle East within the contemporary Eurasian context and draws instructive parallels between the Islamic world and Western Christendom, Byzantium, South-East Asia, and China Geschichte 700-950 gnd rswk-swf Handel (DE-588)4023222-0 gnd rswk-swf Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 gnd rswk-swf Islam (DE-588)4027743-4 gnd rswk-swf Mittlerer Osten (DE-588)4039755-5 gnd rswk-swf Islamic cities and towns / Middle East / History / To 1500 Caliphs / Economic conditions Urban economics Islamic Empire / Economic conditions Islamic Empire / History / 750-1258 Middle East / Economic conditions Economic history Islamic cities and towns Islamic Empire Middle East To 1500 History Mittlerer Osten (DE-588)4039755-5 g Islam (DE-588)4027743-4 s Handel (DE-588)4023222-0 s Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 s Geschichte 700-950 z DE-604 |
| spellingShingle | Bessard, Fanny 1981- Caliphs and merchants cities and economies of power in the Near East (700-950) List of Illustrations -- List of Abbreviations -- Notes on Transcription and Dates -- Maps -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: The Historical Context -- 1. Conquests -- 2. Ideology -- 3. Agriculture -- 4. Trade -- Part I: Patronage and Power -- Chapter 2: A Stamp of Authority -- 1. A Caliphal Officium -- 2. Sowing and Reaping -- 3. Exercise and Assertion of Power -- Chapter 3: New Perspectives on Urban Economic Planning -- 1. Growth of Communal Working Areas in the Levant (700-50) -- 2. Process of Exclusion of Economic Clusters Under Early 'Abbāsid Rule -- 3. Rabaḍ in Central Asia -- 4. Isolation of Domesticity -- 4.1 Productive and public use to domestic shelter -- 4.2 An emphasis on intimacy -- Conclusion to Part I -- Part II: Revisiting the Legacies -- Chapter 4: Artisans to Producers -- 1. The Progression of Change -- 1.1 Persistence of Roman practices after 700 -- 1.2 Downfall of 'home' production after 800 -- 2. Approaches to Key Industries -- 2.1 Pottery -- 2.2 Glassmaking -- 2.3 Textile industry -- 3. Food Processing Industries -- 3.1 Oil and wine industries -- 3.2 Watermills -- Chapter 5: Reshaping Marketplaces -- 1. From the ergastērion to the Sūq -- 2. Covered MarketPlaces -- 2.1 Funduq -- 2.2 Dār, ẖān, and qaysāriyya -- Conclusion to Part II -- Part III: Institutional and Religious Generators -- Chapter 6: Money Supply and Currency -- 1. Out with the Old . . . -- 2. Coinage in Common -- 3. Balancing Supply and Demand -- Chapter 7: Islamifying the Economy -- 1. Commercial Rituals and Islamic Worship -- 2. Mosques and Measures -- 3. The Muḥtasib -- Conclusion to Part III -- Part IV: Economy and Social Changes -- Chapter 8: The Evolution of Labour Patterns -- 1. Conditions of Labour -- 1.1 Servile labour -- 1.2 Free labour -- 1.3 Wage labour -- 2. Changing Patterns of Institutional Identity -- 3. Status and Composition of the Labour Force -- 3.1 Disdained and tolerated professions -- 3.2 Changing division of labour -- 3.3 Female artisans -- Chapter 9: Twilight of the Clerical and Landowning Elite, Rise of Tuggār -- 1. Retailers and Traders Before 800 -- 2. Ascendance of Tuggār from 800 -- 2.1 Financial -- 2.2 Identity -- 2.3 Cultural -- 3. Tuggār's Political and Religious Careers -- 4. Tuggār and Authority -- 4.1 The defence of trading interests -- 4.2 Tuggār and economic expansion -- Conclusion to Part IV -- Conclusion -- Appendix -- References -- Index Handel (DE-588)4023222-0 gnd Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 gnd Islam (DE-588)4027743-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4023222-0 (DE-588)4066399-1 (DE-588)4027743-4 (DE-588)4039755-5 |
| title | Caliphs and merchants cities and economies of power in the Near East (700-950) |
| title_auth | Caliphs and merchants cities and economies of power in the Near East (700-950) |
| title_exact_search | Caliphs and merchants cities and economies of power in the Near East (700-950) |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Caliphs and merchants cities and economies of power in the Near East (700-950) |
| title_full | Caliphs and merchants cities and economies of power in the Near East (700-950) Fanny Bessard |
| title_fullStr | Caliphs and merchants cities and economies of power in the Near East (700-950) Fanny Bessard |
| title_full_unstemmed | Caliphs and merchants cities and economies of power in the Near East (700-950) Fanny Bessard |
| title_short | Caliphs and merchants |
| title_sort | caliphs and merchants cities and economies of power in the near east 700 950 |
| title_sub | cities and economies of power in the Near East (700-950) |
| topic | Handel (DE-588)4023222-0 gnd Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 gnd Islam (DE-588)4027743-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Handel Wirtschaft Islam Mittlerer Osten |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bessardfanny caliphsandmerchantscitiesandeconomiesofpowerintheneareast700950 |