Perspectives on ideology and violence in the Second World War in Kosova: = Perspektiva mbi ideologjinë dhe dhunën gjatë Luftës së Dytë Botërore në Kosovë
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Prishtinë
The Institute of History "Ali Hadri"
2021
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | 204 Seiten Karten 21 cm |
| ISBN: | 9789951409988 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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184 Mrika LIMANI MYRTAJ tërore: box 1, T 311, roll 193, box 1, T 311, roll 191, box 1, T 311, roll 286, box 1, T 313, roll 190, box 1, T 313, roll 200, box 1, T 313, roll 208, box 1, T 313, roll 483, box 1, T 313, roll 486, box 1, T 315, roll 248, box 1, T 315, roll 254, box 1, T311, roll 196, box 1, T315, roll 64, box 1, T354, roll 160, box 1, T78, roll 331, box 1,T315, roll 246, box 2, T 501, roll 258, box 2, T 501, roll 259, box 2, T 84, roll 82, T 501 box 2, roll 208, T 501, box 2, roll 259. Published sources Zbornik dokumenata i podataka o narodnoslobodilačkom ratu jugo slavenskih naroda. Series. I,Vol. I, Borbe u Srbiji 1941. god. Beograd: Vojno-istoriski institut Jugoslovenske armije, 1949. Zbornik dokumenata i podataka о narodnoslobodilačkom ratu jugo slavenskih naroda. Series I, Vol. 14, Borbe u Srbiji 1944. god. Beograd: Vojno-istoriski institut Jugoslovenske armije, 1957. Zbornik dokumenata i podataka о narodnoslobodilačkom ratu jugo slavenskih naroda. Series I, Vol. 15, Borbe u Srbiji 1944. god. Beograd: Vojno-istoriski institut Jugoslovenske armije, 1957. Zbornik dokumenata i podataka о narodnoslobodilačkom ratu jugoslovenskih naroda. Series I, Vol. 19, Borbe na Kosovu 1941-1944, Beograd: Vojno-istoriski institut Jugoslovenske armije, 1969. Zbornik dokumenata i podataka о narodnoslobodilačkom ratu ju goslavenskih naroda. Series II, Vol. 10, Dokumenta vrhovnog štaba narodnoslobodilačke vojske Jugoslavije, god. 1943, Beograd: Vojno-istoriski institut Jugoslo venske armije, 1962. Zbornik dokumenata i podataka о narodnoslobodilačkom ratu jugosla venskih
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198 Mrika LIMANI MYRTA) William E. Griffith. Communism in Europe: Continuity, Change, and the Sino-Soviet Dispute. Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press, 1964. Xavier Bougarel. “Yugoslav Wars: The Revenge of the Countryside between Sociological Reality and Nationalistic Myth.” East Euro pean Quarterly 33, no. 2 (1999): 157-75. Xavier Bougarel, Alexander Korb, Stefan Petke, and Franziska Zaugg. “Muslim SS Units in the Balkans and the Soviet Union.” In The Waffen SS: A European History, 2017. Xhelal Gjeçovi. Çështje Тё Luftës Antifashiste Nacionalçlirimtare Gjykimi МЫ Luftën Pas Shtatëdhjetë Vitesh. Tirane: Akademia e Shkencave e Shqipërisë, 2014. Zdenko Zlatar. The Poetics of Slavdom : The Mythopoeic Foundations of Yugoslavia. New York: Peter Lang, 2007. Zejnullah Gruda. “Procesi Dhe Likuidimi і Pamvarsis Së Shqipnis, Me 7 Prill 1939.” Përparimi, no. 1-2 (1963): 26-37.
INDEX Г" A I Axis, 14,16, 23, 31, 32, 37, 38,42, 44,48, 53, 54, 56, 61, 66, 103, 136, 137, 160, 168,176 Abaz Kupi, 43, 101 Albanian Fascist Militia, 90 Albanian Fascist Party, 50, 67, 71, 72, 77, 137 Albanian Female Fasci, 72 Albanian Kingdom, 38, 51, 71 Albanian militias, 25, 33,120, 130, 132,136,145, 146, 147, 149, 150, 152, 153, 160, 163 Albanian National Fascist Party, 66, 67,71,76 Albanian Regiments ~в' Baba Faja Martaneshi, 100 Bahar family, 169 Balcells Laia Balcells, 118, 119, 193 Balila, 88 Balli Kombëtar, 99, 100, 147 banovina, 52 Bedri Pejani Pej ani, 42, 49 Bergen-Belsen, 169,170, 171 British Allies, 101 Bulgaria, 37, 38,44, 45, 95,154 Bulgarian, 23, 32, 40, 46,133, 134, 135, 190 Bytyç, 143 Albanische Jäger Regimenter, 146 Aldo Sborigi, 72 Aleksandar Mrdaković, 127,128 Alfred Grafi, 141 Alfred Homung, 141 AliBokshi, 112 Ali Këlcyra, 99 Allied Allies, 77, 94,168, 172, 178 Antifašističko veće narodnog oslobođenja Jugoslavije AVNOJ, 61 Armed Forces High Command Oberkommando der Wehrmacht, 125, 151 Arthur Phleps, 143 August Schmidhuber Schmidhuber, 97 І I ՜՜ c՜ Carabinieri Battalion, 107 Caralevë, 114, 115, 116 Carl Schimtt Schmitt, 27 Chetniks, 25, 30, 32,48,49, 96,102, 103, 104,132, 144, 148, 149, 150, 151, 164,192 Comintern, 29, 30, 56, 58, 59, 60, 61, 64, 189, 192 է
200 Mrika LIMANI MYRTA) Communist Party, 20, 29, 37, 54, 55, 56,61,62, 63,66, 145, 148, 156, 189, 193 Conference in Bujan, 65 Count Ciano, 38, 44 CPY Fascist Youth Lictor in Albania, 71 Fausto Cignolini, 72 Feizi Alizoti, 44 Ferat Draga, 49 Ferizaj, 21, 45, 50, 107, 108,114, 116, 117, 118, 121, 128, 130,134, 135, 161, 181 Fiqri Llagami, 90 Franco-Serbian Bank, 170 Fuat Dibra, 99 Fushë Kosově, 118 Communist Party of Yugoslavia, 54, 56, 57,58, 59,62, 109, 110, 127, 128, 145, 152, 157, 181 I Damjan, 180 Defense Agency I Abwehrstelle, 52 Gani Devoll, 142 Dibra, 76 Dobrevë, 118 Doppolavoro, 88 Draža Mihailovič, 30, 103 Drenicë, 109, 114, 124, 144, 159, 179, 181 Dresden, 58 Dukagjini Plain, 21, 109, 113, 130, 131, 151, 157, 158, 159, 162 Durrës, 89 Dušan Simović, 37 і Ē Gani Kryeziu, 43 Gendarmerie, 120, 131, 138, 145, 146 Georg Gradiowski, 141 Georgi Dimitrov, 60, 62, 189 Gërbac, 135 Gërgoc, 148 German incumbency, 129, 130, 132, 144, 163, 164 German Plenipotentiary in Albania Deutschen bevollmächtigten Generals in Albanien, 53 Ekrem Libohova, 77 Elbasan, 89, 94, 142 Emin Duraku, 120, 157 F Faik Qyku, 99 fascism, 16, 57, 58, 67, 68, 69, 70, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 82, 83, 86, 87, 89, 161 Fascist Youth Lictor, 71, 72, 88 G Germany, 13, 21, 26, 42, 45, 55, 79, 91, 94, 96, 102, 142,145, 162, 171, 191, 195 Giovanni Giro, 71 Gjakovë, 22, 38, 42, 45, 51, 65, 107, 108, 112, 113, 114, 125, 131,138, 141, 143, 148,151, 152, 153,159, 161, 163, 168, 171, 172, 180 Gjakovë Highlands, 113, 131,152, 153, 159 Gjilan, 21, 133, 134, 135, 148, 159 Gjylekarë, 135 Gllarevë, 181 Gottlob Berger,
96 И
Perspectives on ideology and violence in tire Second World War in Kosova Josef Krah, 141 Julius Käsdorf Greece, 37, 82, 95, 115, 122, 145, 154 Grupi і Korçës, 55 Grupi i Shkodrës, 55, 56 Grupi і të Rinjve, 55 н 201 Käsdorf, 97 Jup Kazazi, 76 II Hadij e Vlora, 72 Hamit Kokolarai, 82 Has, 151 Hasan Dosti, 99 Hasan Rryeziu, 43 Hermann Neubacher, 43 Himmler, 43, 95 Hitler, 38,44,47, 64, 69, 91, 95, 150, 196 к. . Kaçanik, 133 Kalyvas Stathis Kalyvas, 17, 18, 19, 25, 26, 27, 32, 33, 34,35, 36,62,110,111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 127, 128, 129, 130, 135, 136, 137, 138, 146, 150, 152, 153, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 197 Kanun, 89 Karadak, 144 Këmishëzinjë Këmishëzinjtë, 111 ■ ' I Ibër, 159 Ibrahim Hasani, 134 indiscriminate violence, 18, 33, 34, 35,110, 112, 113, 114, 116, 118, 120, 130, 134, 135, 136, 152, 162 Istog Burim, 159, 180 Italian Fascist Party, 50, 72 Italian incumbency, 29,116,163,164 Italy, 13, 14, 26, 38, 41, 43,45, 46, 47,50, 52,53,67, 70,71,72, 73, 75, 77, 79, 83,94, 95, 102, 111, 120, 125,126, 130, 137,160, 189, 191, 195 I Ί Jabllanicë, 160 Jakov Milaj, 86, 87, 90,191 Josef Fitzthum Fitzthum, 43 I Këmishëzinjve, 33 King Victor Emanuel III, 38, 73 King Zog, 43, 70, 99, 100 Kingdom of Italy, 38 Kingdom of Yugoslavia, 37, 77 Kolë Bibë Mirakaj, 72, 77 Kolë Tomara, 99 Konstandin Kotě, 72 Korçë, 55, 83, 89 Kosova, 1,2,3, 14, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21,22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27,30,31, 33,36,37,38,39,41,42, 43,44, 45,48,49, 50,51,52, 53,54, 56, 57, 61, 64, 65, 76, 78, 83, 84, 85, 103,104, 107, 109,110, 111, 114, 117, 121, 122, 123, 126, 127, 130, 131, 133,138, 139,144,145,
147, 148, 149, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156,157, 158,159, 160, 162, 164, 165,167, 170,175,179,181, 185, 186,188,194,196, 197 Kosova Regiment, 130, 138, 145 II
M ri L’a LIMANI MYRTAJ 202 J Milloshevë, 122, 126 Milutin Aksić, 127 Mithat Frashëri, 99 Mitroviče, 21,45,46, 49, 52, 65, ПО, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126,127, 128, 144, 145, 170, 171, 181 Montenegro, 78, 142, 154 Muhammad Amin al-Husseini, 95 Mushtishtë, 173 Mussolini, 47, 48, 69, 70, 71, 74, 76, 196 Mustafa Krnja, 48 Myslím Peza, 44, 100 I N ----------National Liberation Army, 22,23, 144, 157, 159, 168, 169, 171, 172, 176, 177, 179 National Liberation Front, 57, 58, 62, 64, 65, 75, 99, 100, 174, 179 National Liberation Movement, 54, 62, 108, 111, 112, 130, 138, 155, 157, 174, 175, 177, 178 National Liberation War, 56, 57, 58, 169 National Socialism, 16, 82, 83, 86 Nazis Kosova Valley, 21, 109,121,123, 126, 127, 130, 144, 145, 152,153, 157, 158, 160, 179, 181 Kosta Pećanac Pećanac, 102 Kristo Frashëri, 54, 55, 56, 193 Krujë, 101 Krushec, 51 Kukës, 142, 159 Kumanovë, 133 Lebanë, 148, 159 Legaliteti, 99, 101 Leshan, 181 Lina Pizzanelli, 72 Lipjan, 21, 118, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131 Lipovicë, 120 Llapashticë, 135 Llapllasellë, 118 Llapnasellë, 129 Luftwaffe, 122 Lybeten, 38,42,45 I и Macedonia, 37, 78, 103, 109, 144, 158 Magurë, 118 Manastir, 133 Mao Tse-tung, 28 Marshal Wilhelm Keitel, 151 Marxist-Leninist, 63 Mathausen, 170 Mbaspuna, 73 Medvegjë, 135 Mihal Grameno, 54 Miladin Popovič, 56 Milan Ačimovič, 49, 52 * Nazi, 93, 94, 95, 96, 98 Nedič Milan Nedič, 103 Neualbanien, 41, 53 Nuredin Vlora, 99 ° Operation “Marita”, 37 Operation Junikäfer, 142 Otto Gullman, 53 *
Perspectives i oji ideology and violence in tlie Second World War in Kosova p II Pajazit Boletini, 104, 138 palingenetic, 69, 80, 84 Partisan units, 25, 104, 125, 154,156, 160 Partisan warfare, 27, 31, 32 Partisans, 17, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34, 37,45, 58, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 75, 96, 98, 103, 104, 111, 113, 115, 118, 119, 122, 124,128, 129, 131, 132, 136, 142, 144, 145, 147, 150, 151, 152, 153, 156, 158, 159, 161, 162, 164, 167, 168, 174, 175, 177, 178, 180, 193 Pazari і Ri, 53 Pejë, 22, 45,49, 51, 83, 98, 107, 108, 112, 113, 114, 125, 131, 141, 142, 145,148, 161, 163,171,180 Petro Marko, 76 Pietro Parini, 72 Podujevë, 53, 65, 124, 125, 145 Poland, 13, 55 Preshevë, 133,158 Prishtinë, 2, 3, 5, 19,20, 21,29, 39, 42,43,45,46,51,65, 104, 107, 112,118, 120, 121, 122, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 137, 139, 149, 156,158, 160, 167, 169, 171, 174, 181, 183, 186, 189, 190, 191, 194 Prizren, 22, 33, 39,42,45, 49, 50, 53, 98, 107, 108, 111, 114, 115, 116, 131, 137, 141, 143,148,151,154, 159, 161,163, 167, 168,170, 171, 173, 174, 175, 177, 178, 180 Q questura, 51, 109 203 r ZZI Ravanë, 135 revolution, 29, 30, 57, 59, 61, 63, 64 Robert Gajdik, 127 Robert Schrader, 141 Rogovë, 148 Rübezahl initiative, 143 ■ —s J Schmitt Carl Schmitt, 28, 63, 114,187 Secret Field Police Geheimefeldpolizei, 52 Security Service Sicherheitsdienst, 52 selective violence, 33, 34, 35,110, 113,115,127, 128,129,134,135, 145,162 Sezai Surroi, 173 Shala, 144 Sharr, 144, 180 Sharr Mountains, 144 Shefqet Veriaci, 72, 74 Shkup, 59, 133 Sicily, 94 Societa per lo Sviluppo Economico di Albania Society for the Economie
Development of Albania, 70 SS Division Handschar Handschar, 92 ll SS Division Prinz Eugen, 125 SS Skanderbeg, 91, 92, 97, 98,126, 137, 139, 140, 142, 143, 153, 154 Struga, 76,158 Supreme Commander to the Southeast Oberbefehlshaber Südost, 52 Svirče, 135
Mrika LIMANI MYKTAJ 204 т * Waffen SS, 92, 96, 98, 198 Talbot von Pistor, 97, 141 Tefik Mborja, 71 Teheran Conference, 30 the April War, 168, 172, 173, 175, 180 Theodor Geib, 53 Therandë, 173 Tirana Tirane, 44, 74, 90, 108 Tirane, 19, 42, 54, 55, 64, 66, 67, 71, 74, 78, 86, 89, 93, 100, 155, 186, 188, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 197,198 Tito, 30, 58, 61, 64, 189, 192 Trepça, 38, 42, 45, 121, 123, 124, 179, 181 Tuple, 135 v ' “ZI Veles, 133 Viceroy Jacomoni, 75 Viti, 133 Vlashnje, 180 Vlorë, 55, 89, 171 Vranje, 123,158 Vmjačka Banja, 52 Vullnetar, 120 Vushtrri, 53, 65, 124, 125,145, 181 Xhafer Deva Deva, 41, 42, 104, 138 XhevdetDoda, 170 I ՜ ՜ "y" ՚ Į Yugoslav Communists, 56, 62, 64 Yugoslav Executive Council, 172 Yugoslav Kingdom, 38, 52, 58, 102, 103 Yugoslavia, 14, 16, 20,22,23,24, 27,29, 37, 38, 42, 43,44, 45,48, 49, 54, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66,102,109, 110, 111, 120,121, 127, 137, 146, 150, 156, 159,176, 189, 190, 192, 193, 196, 198 z Zenei Hajdini, 114, 156, 157, 197 Zhegër, 133 Zhur, 180 Zundija Solomon, 170 I
TABLE OF CONTENTS Part I IDEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES. 11 1. INTRODUCTION. 13 1.1. Methodology. 20 1.2. Theoretical dispositions.26 1.3. Historical background to the occupation of Kosova by the Axis powers.37 1.4. The belligerents’ strategy vis-á-vis the local population.39 2. SOCIALIST THOUGHT AND ALBANIANS.54 3. FASCISM AMONGST ALBANIANS.66 3.1. Historical background to the Italian occupation of Albania.70 3.2. Nationalism and fascist modes of thought in the Albanian public sphere.78 3.3. Modernity and statist elements.87 4. EXPOSURE TO NATIONAL SOCIALISM IN THE ALBANIAN PUBLIC SPHERE.90 4.1. An ideological perspective on SS Skanderbeg.92 5. BALLI KOMBËTAR (NATIONAL FRONT) AND LEGALITETI (LEGALITY).99 6. THE CHETNIKS. 102
Mrika LIMANT MYRTAJ 10 Part II VIOLENCE.105 7. ITALIAN CONTROL ZONES AND PERPETRATION OF VIOLENCE.107 8. GERMAN CONTROL ZONES AND VIOLENCE EXECUTION.121 9. VIOLENCE IN THE BULGARIAN CONTROL ZONE. 133 10. LOCAL MILITIAS. 136 10.1. SS Skanderbeg.139 10.2. Vullnetarët and other local formations.143 10.3. Ethnic animosities.147 11. COUNTERINSURGENCY AND STATE ORGANIZED VIOLENCE.150 12. THE RISE OF THE PARTISAN MOVEMENT AND CHALLENGES TO GERMAN CONTROL.156 13. CONCLUDING OBSERVATIONS.160 ANNEX Statistical and spatial analysis of victims according to official Yugoslav documents. 167 Statistical data based on the victims’ age groups. 168 Dynamics and spatial distribution of violence 1941-1945 . 176 BIBLIOGRAPHY.183 INDEX.199 |
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INDEX Г" A I Axis, 14,16, 23, 31, 32, 37, 38,42, 44,48, 53, 54, 56, 61, 66, 103, 136, 137, 160, 168,176 Abaz Kupi, 43, 101 Albanian Fascist Militia, 90 Albanian Fascist Party, 50, 67, 71, 72, 77, 137 Albanian Female Fasci, 72 Albanian Kingdom, 38, 51, 71 Albanian militias, 25, 33,120, 130, 132,136,145, 146, 147, 149, 150, 152, 153, 160, 163 Albanian National Fascist Party, 66, 67,71,76 Albanian Regiments ~в' Baba Faja Martaneshi, 100 Bahar family, 169 Balcells Laia Balcells, 118, 119, 193 Balila, 88 Balli Kombëtar, 99, 100, 147 banovina, 52 Bedri Pejani Pej ani, 42, 49 Bergen-Belsen, 169,170, 171 British Allies, 101 Bulgaria, 37, 38,44, 45, 95,154 Bulgarian, 23, 32, 40, 46,133, 134, 135, 190 Bytyç, 143 Albanische Jäger Regimenter, 146 Aldo Sborigi, 72 Aleksandar Mrdaković, 127,128 Alfred Grafi, 141 Alfred Homung, 141 AliBokshi, 112 Ali Këlcyra, 99 Allied Allies, 77, 94,168, 172, 178 Antifašističko veće narodnog oslobođenja Jugoslavije AVNOJ, 61 Armed Forces High Command Oberkommando der Wehrmacht, 125, 151 Arthur Phleps, 143 August Schmidhuber Schmidhuber, 97 І I ՜՜ c՜ Carabinieri Battalion, 107 Caralevë, 114, 115, 116 Carl Schimtt Schmitt, 27 Chetniks, 25, 30, 32,48,49, 96,102, 103, 104,132, 144, 148, 149, 150, 151, 164,192 Comintern, 29, 30, 56, 58, 59, 60, 61, 64, 189, 192 է
200 Mrika LIMANI MYRTA) Communist Party, 20, 29, 37, 54, 55, 56,61,62, 63,66, 145, 148, 156, 189, 193 Conference in Bujan, 65 Count Ciano, 38, 44 CPY Fascist Youth Lictor in Albania, 71 Fausto Cignolini, 72 Feizi Alizoti, 44 Ferat Draga, 49 Ferizaj, 21, 45, 50, 107, 108,114, 116, 117, 118, 121, 128, 130,134, 135, 161, 181 Fiqri Llagami, 90 Franco-Serbian Bank, 170 Fuat Dibra, 99 Fushë Kosově, 118 Communist Party of Yugoslavia, 54, 56, 57,58, 59,62, 109, 110, 127, 128, 145, 152, 157, 181 I Damjan, 180 Defense Agency I Abwehrstelle, 52 Gani Devoll, 142 Dibra, 76 Dobrevë, 118 Doppolavoro, 88 Draža Mihailovič, 30, 103 Drenicë, 109, 114, 124, 144, 159, 179, 181 Dresden, 58 Dukagjini Plain, 21, 109, 113, 130, 131, 151, 157, 158, 159, 162 Durrës, 89 Dušan Simović, 37 і Ē Gani Kryeziu, 43 Gendarmerie, 120, 131, 138, 145, 146 Georg Gradiowski, 141 Georgi Dimitrov, 60, 62, 189 Gërbac, 135 Gërgoc, 148 German incumbency, 129, 130, 132, 144, 163, 164 German Plenipotentiary in Albania Deutschen bevollmächtigten Generals in Albanien, 53 Ekrem Libohova, 77 Elbasan, 89, 94, 142 Emin Duraku, 120, 157 F Faik Qyku, 99 fascism, 16, 57, 58, 67, 68, 69, 70, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 82, 83, 86, 87, 89, 161 Fascist Youth Lictor, 71, 72, 88 G Germany, 13, 21, 26, 42, 45, 55, 79, 91, 94, 96, 102, 142,145, 162, 171, 191, 195 Giovanni Giro, 71 Gjakovë, 22, 38, 42, 45, 51, 65, 107, 108, 112, 113, 114, 125, 131,138, 141, 143, 148,151, 152, 153,159, 161, 163, 168, 171, 172, 180 Gjakovë Highlands, 113, 131,152, 153, 159 Gjilan, 21, 133, 134, 135, 148, 159 Gjylekarë, 135 Gllarevë, 181 Gottlob Berger,
96 И
Perspectives on ideology and violence in tire Second World War in Kosova Josef Krah, 141 Julius Käsdorf Greece, 37, 82, 95, 115, 122, 145, 154 Grupi і Korçës, 55 Grupi i Shkodrës, 55, 56 Grupi і të Rinjve, 55 н 201 Käsdorf, 97 Jup Kazazi, 76 II Hadij e Vlora, 72 Hamit Kokolarai, 82 Has, 151 Hasan Dosti, 99 Hasan Rryeziu, 43 Hermann Neubacher, 43 Himmler, 43, 95 Hitler, 38,44,47, 64, 69, 91, 95, 150, 196 к. . Kaçanik, 133 Kalyvas Stathis Kalyvas, 17, 18, 19, 25, 26, 27, 32, 33, 34,35, 36,62,110,111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 127, 128, 129, 130, 135, 136, 137, 138, 146, 150, 152, 153, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 197 Kanun, 89 Karadak, 144 Këmishëzinjë Këmishëzinjtë, 111 ■ ' I Ibër, 159 Ibrahim Hasani, 134 indiscriminate violence, 18, 33, 34, 35,110, 112, 113, 114, 116, 118, 120, 130, 134, 135, 136, 152, 162 Istog Burim, 159, 180 Italian Fascist Party, 50, 72 Italian incumbency, 29,116,163,164 Italy, 13, 14, 26, 38, 41, 43,45, 46, 47,50, 52,53,67, 70,71,72, 73, 75, 77, 79, 83,94, 95, 102, 111, 120, 125,126, 130, 137,160, 189, 191, 195 I Ί Jabllanicë, 160 Jakov Milaj, 86, 87, 90,191 Josef Fitzthum Fitzthum, 43 I Këmishëzinjve, 33 King Victor Emanuel III, 38, 73 King Zog, 43, 70, 99, 100 Kingdom of Italy, 38 Kingdom of Yugoslavia, 37, 77 Kolë Bibë Mirakaj, 72, 77 Kolë Tomara, 99 Konstandin Kotě, 72 Korçë, 55, 83, 89 Kosova, 1,2,3, 14, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21,22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27,30,31, 33,36,37,38,39,41,42, 43,44, 45,48,49, 50,51,52, 53,54, 56, 57, 61, 64, 65, 76, 78, 83, 84, 85, 103,104, 107, 109,110, 111, 114, 117, 121, 122, 123, 126, 127, 130, 131, 133,138, 139,144,145,
147, 148, 149, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156,157, 158,159, 160, 162, 164, 165,167, 170,175,179,181, 185, 186,188,194,196, 197 Kosova Regiment, 130, 138, 145 II
M ri L’a LIMANI MYRTAJ 202 J Milloshevë, 122, 126 Milutin Aksić, 127 Mithat Frashëri, 99 Mitroviče, 21,45,46, 49, 52, 65, ПО, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126,127, 128, 144, 145, 170, 171, 181 Montenegro, 78, 142, 154 Muhammad Amin al-Husseini, 95 Mushtishtë, 173 Mussolini, 47, 48, 69, 70, 71, 74, 76, 196 Mustafa Krnja, 48 Myslím Peza, 44, 100 I N ----------National Liberation Army, 22,23, 144, 157, 159, 168, 169, 171, 172, 176, 177, 179 National Liberation Front, 57, 58, 62, 64, 65, 75, 99, 100, 174, 179 National Liberation Movement, 54, 62, 108, 111, 112, 130, 138, 155, 157, 174, 175, 177, 178 National Liberation War, 56, 57, 58, 169 National Socialism, 16, 82, 83, 86 Nazis Kosova Valley, 21, 109,121,123, 126, 127, 130, 144, 145, 152,153, 157, 158, 160, 179, 181 Kosta Pećanac Pećanac, 102 Kristo Frashëri, 54, 55, 56, 193 Krujë, 101 Krushec, 51 Kukës, 142, 159 Kumanovë, 133 Lebanë, 148, 159 Legaliteti, 99, 101 Leshan, 181 Lina Pizzanelli, 72 Lipjan, 21, 118, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131 Lipovicë, 120 Llapashticë, 135 Llapllasellë, 118 Llapnasellë, 129 Luftwaffe, 122 Lybeten, 38,42,45 I и Macedonia, 37, 78, 103, 109, 144, 158 Magurë, 118 Manastir, 133 Mao Tse-tung, 28 Marshal Wilhelm Keitel, 151 Marxist-Leninist, 63 Mathausen, 170 Mbaspuna, 73 Medvegjë, 135 Mihal Grameno, 54 Miladin Popovič, 56 Milan Ačimovič, 49, 52 * Nazi, 93, 94, 95, 96, 98 Nedič Milan Nedič, 103 Neualbanien, 41, 53 Nuredin Vlora, 99 ° Operation “Marita”, 37 Operation Junikäfer, 142 Otto Gullman, 53 *
Perspectives i oji ideology and violence in tlie Second World War in Kosova p II Pajazit Boletini, 104, 138 palingenetic, 69, 80, 84 Partisan units, 25, 104, 125, 154,156, 160 Partisan warfare, 27, 31, 32 Partisans, 17, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34, 37,45, 58, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 75, 96, 98, 103, 104, 111, 113, 115, 118, 119, 122, 124,128, 129, 131, 132, 136, 142, 144, 145, 147, 150, 151, 152, 153, 156, 158, 159, 161, 162, 164, 167, 168, 174, 175, 177, 178, 180, 193 Pazari і Ri, 53 Pejë, 22, 45,49, 51, 83, 98, 107, 108, 112, 113, 114, 125, 131, 141, 142, 145,148, 161, 163,171,180 Petro Marko, 76 Pietro Parini, 72 Podujevë, 53, 65, 124, 125, 145 Poland, 13, 55 Preshevë, 133,158 Prishtinë, 2, 3, 5, 19,20, 21,29, 39, 42,43,45,46,51,65, 104, 107, 112,118, 120, 121, 122, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 137, 139, 149, 156,158, 160, 167, 169, 171, 174, 181, 183, 186, 189, 190, 191, 194 Prizren, 22, 33, 39,42,45, 49, 50, 53, 98, 107, 108, 111, 114, 115, 116, 131, 137, 141, 143,148,151,154, 159, 161,163, 167, 168,170, 171, 173, 174, 175, 177, 178, 180 Q questura, 51, 109 203 r ZZI Ravanë, 135 revolution, 29, 30, 57, 59, 61, 63, 64 Robert Gajdik, 127 Robert Schrader, 141 Rogovë, 148 Rübezahl initiative, 143 ■ —s J Schmitt Carl Schmitt, 28, 63, 114,187 Secret Field Police Geheimefeldpolizei, 52 Security Service Sicherheitsdienst, 52 selective violence, 33, 34, 35,110, 113,115,127, 128,129,134,135, 145,162 Sezai Surroi, 173 Shala, 144 Sharr, 144, 180 Sharr Mountains, 144 Shefqet Veriaci, 72, 74 Shkup, 59, 133 Sicily, 94 Societa per lo Sviluppo Economico di Albania Society for the Economie
Development of Albania, 70 SS Division Handschar Handschar, 92 ll SS Division Prinz Eugen, 125 SS Skanderbeg, 91, 92, 97, 98,126, 137, 139, 140, 142, 143, 153, 154 Struga, 76,158 Supreme Commander to the Southeast Oberbefehlshaber Südost, 52 Svirče, 135
Mrika LIMANI MYKTAJ 204 т * Waffen SS, 92, 96, 98, 198 Talbot von Pistor, 97, 141 Tefik Mborja, 71 Teheran Conference, 30 the April War, 168, 172, 173, 175, 180 Theodor Geib, 53 Therandë, 173 Tirana Tirane, 44, 74, 90, 108 Tirane, 19, 42, 54, 55, 64, 66, 67, 71, 74, 78, 86, 89, 93, 100, 155, 186, 188, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 197,198 Tito, 30, 58, 61, 64, 189, 192 Trepça, 38, 42, 45, 121, 123, 124, 179, 181 Tuple, 135 v ' “ZI Veles, 133 Viceroy Jacomoni, 75 Viti, 133 Vlashnje, 180 Vlorë, 55, 89, 171 Vranje, 123,158 Vmjačka Banja, 52 Vullnetar, 120 Vushtrri, 53, 65, 124, 125,145, 181 Xhafer Deva Deva, 41, 42, 104, 138 XhevdetDoda, 170 I ՜ ՜ "y" ՚ Į Yugoslav Communists, 56, 62, 64 Yugoslav Executive Council, 172 Yugoslav Kingdom, 38, 52, 58, 102, 103 Yugoslavia, 14, 16, 20,22,23,24, 27,29, 37, 38, 42, 43,44, 45,48, 49, 54, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66,102,109, 110, 111, 120,121, 127, 137, 146, 150, 156, 159,176, 189, 190, 192, 193, 196, 198 z Zenei Hajdini, 114, 156, 157, 197 Zhegër, 133 Zhur, 180 Zundija Solomon, 170 I
TABLE OF CONTENTS Part I IDEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES. 11 1. INTRODUCTION. 13 1.1. Methodology. 20 1.2. Theoretical dispositions.26 1.3. Historical background to the occupation of Kosova by the Axis powers.37 1.4. The belligerents’ strategy vis-á-vis the local population.39 2. SOCIALIST THOUGHT AND ALBANIANS.54 3. FASCISM AMONGST ALBANIANS.66 3.1. Historical background to the Italian occupation of Albania.70 3.2. Nationalism and fascist modes of thought in the Albanian public sphere.78 3.3. Modernity and statist elements.87 4. EXPOSURE TO NATIONAL SOCIALISM IN THE ALBANIAN PUBLIC SPHERE.90 4.1. An ideological perspective on SS Skanderbeg.92 5. BALLI KOMBËTAR (NATIONAL FRONT) AND LEGALITETI (LEGALITY).99 6. THE CHETNIKS. 102
Mrika LIMANT MYRTAJ 10 Part II VIOLENCE.105 7. ITALIAN CONTROL ZONES AND PERPETRATION OF VIOLENCE.107 8. GERMAN CONTROL ZONES AND VIOLENCE EXECUTION.121 9. VIOLENCE IN THE BULGARIAN CONTROL ZONE. 133 10. LOCAL MILITIAS. 136 10.1. SS Skanderbeg.139 10.2. Vullnetarët and other local formations.143 10.3. Ethnic animosities.147 11. COUNTERINSURGENCY AND STATE ORGANIZED VIOLENCE.150 12. THE RISE OF THE PARTISAN MOVEMENT AND CHALLENGES TO GERMAN CONTROL.156 13. CONCLUDING OBSERVATIONS.160 ANNEX Statistical and spatial analysis of victims according to official Yugoslav documents. 167 Statistical data based on the victims’ age groups. 168 Dynamics and spatial distribution of violence 1941-1945 . 176 BIBLIOGRAPHY.183 INDEX.199 |
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| author | Limani Myrtaj, Mrika 1990- |
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| author_facet | Limani Myrtaj, Mrika 1990- |
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| author_sort | Limani Myrtaj, Mrika 1990- |
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| bvnumber | BV047649088 |
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| spelling | Limani Myrtaj, Mrika 1990- Verfasser (DE-588)1246221799 aut Perspectives on ideology and violence in the Second World War in Kosova = Perspektiva mbi ideologjinë dhe dhunën gjatë Luftës së Dytë Botërore në Kosovë Mrika Limani Myrtaj Perspektiva mbi ideologjinë dhe dhunën gjatë Luftës së Dytë Botërore në Kosovë Prishtinë The Institute of History "Ali Hadri" 2021 204 Seiten Karten 21 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Gewalt (DE-588)4020832-1 gnd rswk-swf Ideologie (DE-588)4026486-5 gnd rswk-swf Kriegsverbrechen (DE-588)4033151-9 gnd rswk-swf Zweiter Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079167-1 gnd rswk-swf Besetzung (DE-588)4006020-2 gnd rswk-swf Albaner (DE-588)4068517-2 gnd rswk-swf Kosovo (DE-588)4032571-4 gnd rswk-swf Kosovo (DE-588)4032571-4 g Besetzung (DE-588)4006020-2 s Zweiter Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079167-1 s Ideologie (DE-588)4026486-5 s Gewalt (DE-588)4020832-1 s Kriegsverbrechen (DE-588)4033151-9 s Albaner (DE-588)4068517-2 s DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB München 25 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033033185&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München 25 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033033185&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register Digitalisierung BSB München 25 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033033185&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Limani Myrtaj, Mrika 1990- Perspectives on ideology and violence in the Second World War in Kosova = Perspektiva mbi ideologjinë dhe dhunën gjatë Luftës së Dytë Botërore në Kosovë Gewalt (DE-588)4020832-1 gnd Ideologie (DE-588)4026486-5 gnd Kriegsverbrechen (DE-588)4033151-9 gnd Zweiter Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079167-1 gnd Besetzung (DE-588)4006020-2 gnd Albaner (DE-588)4068517-2 gnd |
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| title | Perspectives on ideology and violence in the Second World War in Kosova = Perspektiva mbi ideologjinë dhe dhunën gjatë Luftës së Dytë Botërore në Kosovë |
| title_alt | Perspektiva mbi ideologjinë dhe dhunën gjatë Luftës së Dytë Botërore në Kosovë |
| title_auth | Perspectives on ideology and violence in the Second World War in Kosova = Perspektiva mbi ideologjinë dhe dhunën gjatë Luftës së Dytë Botërore në Kosovë |
| title_exact_search | Perspectives on ideology and violence in the Second World War in Kosova = Perspektiva mbi ideologjinë dhe dhunën gjatë Luftës së Dytë Botërore në Kosovë |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Perspectives on ideology and violence in the Second World War in Kosova = Perspektiva mbi ideologjinë dhe dhunën gjatë Luftës së Dytë Botërore në Kosovë |
| title_full | Perspectives on ideology and violence in the Second World War in Kosova = Perspektiva mbi ideologjinë dhe dhunën gjatë Luftës së Dytë Botërore në Kosovë Mrika Limani Myrtaj |
| title_fullStr | Perspectives on ideology and violence in the Second World War in Kosova = Perspektiva mbi ideologjinë dhe dhunën gjatë Luftës së Dytë Botërore në Kosovë Mrika Limani Myrtaj |
| title_full_unstemmed | Perspectives on ideology and violence in the Second World War in Kosova = Perspektiva mbi ideologjinë dhe dhunën gjatë Luftës së Dytë Botërore në Kosovë Mrika Limani Myrtaj |
| title_short | Perspectives on ideology and violence in the Second World War in Kosova |
| title_sort | perspectives on ideology and violence in the second world war in kosova perspektiva mbi ideologjine dhe dhunen gjate luftes se dyte boterore ne kosove |
| title_sub | = Perspektiva mbi ideologjinë dhe dhunën gjatë Luftës së Dytë Botërore në Kosovë |
| topic | Gewalt (DE-588)4020832-1 gnd Ideologie (DE-588)4026486-5 gnd Kriegsverbrechen (DE-588)4033151-9 gnd Zweiter Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079167-1 gnd Besetzung (DE-588)4006020-2 gnd Albaner (DE-588)4068517-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Gewalt Ideologie Kriegsverbrechen Zweiter Weltkrieg Besetzung Albaner Kosovo |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033033185&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033033185&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033033185&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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