Open science: the very idea
This open access book provides a broad context for the understanding of current problems of science and of the different movements aiming to improve the societal impact of science and research. The author offers insights with regard to ideas, old and new, about science, and their historical origins...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Dordrecht, The Netherlands
Springer
[2022]
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | This open access book provides a broad context for the understanding of current problems of science and of the different movements aiming to improve the societal impact of science and research. The author offers insights with regard to ideas, old and new, about science, and their historical origins in philosophy and sociology of science, which is of interest to a broad readership. The book shows that scientifically grounded knowledge is required and helpful in understanding intellectual and political positions in various discussions on the grand challenges of our time and how science makes impact on society. The book reveals why interventions that look good or even obvious, are often met with resistance and are hard to realize in practice. Based on a thorough analysis, as well as personal experiences in aids research, university administration and as a science observer, the author provides - while being totally open regarding science's limitations- a realistic narrative about how research is conducted, and how reliable "objective" knowledge is produced. His idea of science, which draws heavily on American pragmatism, fits in with the global Open Science movement. It is argued that Open Science is a truly and historically unique movement in that it translates the analysis of the problems of science into major institutional actions of system change in order to improve academic culture and the impact of science, engaging all actors in the field of science and academia |
| Beschreibung: | xxiii, 247 Seiten Illustrationen, Portraits (farbig) |
| ISBN: | 9789402421149 9789402421170 |
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| 505 | 8 | |a Chapter 1: Science and Society -- Chapter 2: Images of Science: A reality check -- Science in Transition: How science goes wrong and what to do about it -- Chapter 4: Science & Society: pragmatism by default -- Chapter 5: Science in Social Contexts -- Chapter 6: Science in Transition reduced to Practice -- chapter 7: Transition to Open Science | |
| 520 | 3 | |a This open access book provides a broad context for the understanding of current problems of science and of the different movements aiming to improve the societal impact of science and research. The author offers insights with regard to ideas, old and new, about science, and their historical origins in philosophy and sociology of science, which is of interest to a broad readership. The book shows that scientifically grounded knowledge is required and helpful in understanding intellectual and political positions in various discussions on the grand challenges of our time and how science makes impact on society. The book reveals why interventions that look good or even obvious, are often met with resistance and are hard to realize in practice. Based on a thorough analysis, as well as personal experiences in aids research, university administration and as a science observer, the author provides - while being totally open regarding science's limitations- a realistic narrative about how research is conducted, and how reliable "objective" knowledge is produced. His idea of science, which draws heavily on American pragmatism, fits in with the global Open Science movement. It is argued that Open Science is a truly and historically unique movement in that it translates the analysis of the problems of science into major institutional actions of system change in order to improve academic culture and the impact of science, engaging all actors in the field of science and academia | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents 1 Science and Society an Overview of the Probiem.............................. 1.1 A Call for Action........................................................................... 1.2 The Social Contract for Science, What’s the Problem?................. 1.3 Politics Outside In........................................................................ 1.4 The Social Contract of Science Revisited.................................... 1.5 The Politics of Scientific Choice.................................................. 1.6 Conclusion..................................................................................... References................................................................................................. 1 3 5 6 7 10 12 12 2 Images of Science: A Reality Check.................................................... 2.1 Part 1. Images of Science, a Reality Check.................................. Introduction................................................................................ The Standard Model and the Legend.......................................... The Mertonian Social Order........................................................ The Mythical Image of Science.................................................. The Standard Model: A Reality Check...................................... Possessed by the Normative, Demeaning the Descriptive.......... The Empirical Turn in the Sociology of Science........................ The Myths of Science: Frontstage and Backstage...................... 2.2 Part 2. The Crisis in Analytical
Philosophy.................................. A Detailed History of the Philosophical Demise of the Legend.............................................................................. 2.3 Conclusion.................................................................................... Towards a Realistic Pragmatist View of Science, Natural Science and Social Science and Humanities.................. References................................................................................................ 15 16 16 18 20 22 23 24 29 33 37 3 Science in Transition How Science Goes Wrong and What to Do About It...................................................................... 3.1 The Royal Response (1)................................................................ Science in Transition.................................................................. 3.2 The Royal Response (2)................................................................ 38 62 62 62 67 68 73 74 xxi
xxii Contents 3.3 Science in Transition Position Paper, October 2013.................... 3.4 Science in Transition: A Systems Approach................................ 3.5 How Scientists Get Credit............................................................ 3.6 The Credibility Cycle: Opening Pandora’s Box!.......................... 3.7 Distinction.................................................................................... 3.8 Of High Church, Low Church...................................................... 3.9 Physics Envy................................................................................ 3.10 Science in Transition: The Initial Reception................................ 3.11 Science in Transition on Tour........................................................ 3.12 Metrics Shapes Science................................................................ 3.13 It Is Contagious?.......................................................................... 3.14 Interventions Needed.................................................................... 3.15 Sensing the Zeitgeist.................................................................... References................................................................................................ 75 75 77 82 84 87 90 92 94 99 101 104 105 106 4 Science for, in and with Society: Pragmatism by Default.................. 109 4.1 Pragmatism by Default.................................................................. 112 4.2 Why Bother?................................................................................ Ш 4.3 New
Pragmatists............................................................................ 120 4.4 Beyond the Legend........................................................................ 124 References................................................................................................ 126 5 Science in Social Contexts.................................................................... 5.1 The‘Pragmatic Model’in Frankfurt............................................ 5.2 The Problem of Power.................................................................. 5.3 Well-Ordered Science.................................................................. 5.4 The Legend Meets Reality and Pragmatism................................ 5.5 Rethinking Science........................................................................ 5.6 Mode-2: Not the Highway of Academic Science.......................... 5.7 Re-visioning Science is Opening Up Science.............................. References................................................................................................ 129 133 137 138 141 146 150 154 155 6 Science in Transition Reduced to Practice........................................... 6.1 The Matrix.................................................................................... 6.2 The Innovation Loop.................................................................... 6.3 How Do You Want to Be Judged?................................................ 6.4 The Call for Health from Society.................................................. 6.5 Science in Transition
Abroad........................................................ 6.6 EQUATOR, Meeting a True Pioneer: Doug Altman (1948-2018).................................................................................. 6.7 METRICS, the Relentless John Ioannidis.................................... 6.8 Academic Rewards and Professional Incentives.......................... 6.9 The Future of Science in Transition.............................................. References................................................................................................ 159 160 162 164 168 170 170 171 175 176 178
Contents xxiii 7 179 180 182 185 189 191 194 198 Transition to Open Science........................................................................ 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 The Big Elephant in the Board Room............................................. Responsible Research and Innovation............................................. The Early Voices of Open Science................................................... Politics, Policy and Open Science................................................... EU Stakeholder Consultation on Open Science Policy................. Topics/Sessions of the MLE on Open Science................................ 7.6 Open Science, the Next Level......................................................... 7.7 The Sceptics: Open Science is either naïve or the next neoliberal trick’.............................................................. 7.8 Beyond the Metrics: Why Care About How We Assess Research Impact?............................................................ 7.9 Open Science in an Open Society................................................... References...................................................................................................... 8 Epilogue: Open Science in an Open Society........................................... 8.1 Open Society..................................................................................... References...................................................................................................... 202 205 207 209 211 213 218
Supplements........................................................................................................... 219
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| adam_txt |
Contents 1 Science and Society an Overview of the Probiem. 1.1 A Call for Action. 1.2 The Social Contract for Science, What’s the Problem?. 1.3 Politics Outside In. 1.4 The Social Contract of Science Revisited. 1.5 The Politics of Scientific Choice. 1.6 Conclusion. References. 1 3 5 6 7 10 12 12 2 Images of Science: A Reality Check. 2.1 Part 1. Images of Science, a Reality Check. Introduction. The Standard Model and the Legend. The Mertonian Social Order. The Mythical Image of Science. The Standard Model: A Reality Check. Possessed by the Normative, Demeaning the Descriptive. The Empirical Turn in the Sociology of Science. The Myths of Science: Frontstage and Backstage. 2.2 Part 2. The Crisis in Analytical
Philosophy. A Detailed History of the Philosophical Demise of the Legend. 2.3 Conclusion. Towards a Realistic Pragmatist View of Science, Natural Science and Social Science and Humanities. References. 15 16 16 18 20 22 23 24 29 33 37 3 Science in Transition How Science Goes Wrong and What to Do About It. 3.1 The Royal Response (1). Science in Transition. 3.2 The Royal Response (2). 38 62 62 62 67 68 73 74 xxi
xxii Contents 3.3 Science in Transition Position Paper, October 2013. 3.4 Science in Transition: A Systems Approach. 3.5 How Scientists Get Credit. 3.6 The Credibility Cycle: Opening Pandora’s Box!. 3.7 Distinction. 3.8 Of High Church, Low Church. 3.9 Physics Envy. 3.10 Science in Transition: The Initial Reception. 3.11 Science in Transition on Tour. 3.12 Metrics Shapes Science. 3.13 It Is Contagious?. 3.14 Interventions Needed. 3.15 Sensing the Zeitgeist. References. 75 75 77 82 84 87 90 92 94 99 101 104 105 106 4 Science for, in and with Society: Pragmatism by Default. 109 4.1 Pragmatism by Default. 112 4.2 Why Bother?. Ш 4.3 New
Pragmatists. 120 4.4 Beyond the Legend. 124 References. 126 5 Science in Social Contexts. 5.1 The‘Pragmatic Model’in Frankfurt. 5.2 The Problem of Power. 5.3 Well-Ordered Science. 5.4 The Legend Meets Reality and Pragmatism. 5.5 Rethinking Science. 5.6 Mode-2: Not the Highway of Academic Science. 5.7 Re-visioning Science is Opening Up Science. References. 129 133 137 138 141 146 150 154 155 6 Science in Transition Reduced to Practice. 6.1 The Matrix. 6.2 The Innovation Loop. 6.3 How Do You Want to Be Judged?. 6.4 The Call for Health from Society. 6.5 Science in Transition
Abroad. 6.6 EQUATOR, Meeting a True Pioneer: Doug Altman (1948-2018). 6.7 METRICS, the Relentless John Ioannidis. 6.8 Academic Rewards and Professional Incentives. 6.9 The Future of Science in Transition. References. 159 160 162 164 168 170 170 171 175 176 178
Contents xxiii 7 179 180 182 185 189 191 194 198 Transition to Open Science. 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 The Big Elephant in the Board Room. Responsible Research and Innovation. The Early Voices of Open Science. Politics, Policy and Open Science. EU Stakeholder Consultation on Open Science Policy. Topics/Sessions of the MLE on Open Science. 7.6 Open Science, the Next Level. 7.7 The Sceptics: Open Science is either naïve or the next neoliberal trick’. 7.8 Beyond the Metrics: Why Care About How We Assess Research Impact?. 7.9 Open Science in an Open Society. References. 8 Epilogue: Open Science in an Open Society. 8.1 Open Society. References. 202 205 207 209 211 213 218
Supplements. 219 |
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| spelling | Miedema, Frank 1954- Verfasser (DE-588)1247139638 aut Open science the very idea Frank Miedema Open science: the very idea Dordrecht, The Netherlands Springer [2022] © 2022 xxiii, 247 Seiten Illustrationen, Portraits (farbig) txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Chapter 1: Science and Society -- Chapter 2: Images of Science: A reality check -- Science in Transition: How science goes wrong and what to do about it -- Chapter 4: Science & Society: pragmatism by default -- Chapter 5: Science in Social Contexts -- Chapter 6: Science in Transition reduced to Practice -- chapter 7: Transition to Open Science This open access book provides a broad context for the understanding of current problems of science and of the different movements aiming to improve the societal impact of science and research. The author offers insights with regard to ideas, old and new, about science, and their historical origins in philosophy and sociology of science, which is of interest to a broad readership. The book shows that scientifically grounded knowledge is required and helpful in understanding intellectual and political positions in various discussions on the grand challenges of our time and how science makes impact on society. The book reveals why interventions that look good or even obvious, are often met with resistance and are hard to realize in practice. Based on a thorough analysis, as well as personal experiences in aids research, university administration and as a science observer, the author provides - while being totally open regarding science's limitations- a realistic narrative about how research is conducted, and how reliable "objective" knowledge is produced. His idea of science, which draws heavily on American pragmatism, fits in with the global Open Science movement. It is argued that Open Science is a truly and historically unique movement in that it translates the analysis of the problems of science into major institutional actions of system change in order to improve academic culture and the impact of science, engaging all actors in the field of science and academia Soziologie (DE-588)4077624-4 gnd rswk-swf Wissenschaft (DE-588)4066562-8 gnd rswk-swf Wissenschaftstheorie (DE-588)4117665-0 gnd rswk-swf Philosophy and science Sociology Wissenschaftstheorie (DE-588)4117665-0 s DE-604 Wissenschaft (DE-588)4066562-8 s Soziologie (DE-588)4077624-4 s Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-94-024-2115-6 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033015276&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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