China-Russia cooperation: determining factors, future trajectories, implications for the United States
China and Russia are perceived as major, long-term competitors with the United States. Since 2014, China and Russia have strengthened their relationship, increasing political, military, and economic cooperation. In this report, the authors seek to understand the history of cooperation between Beijin...
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Santa Monica, Calif.
Rand Corporation
2021
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Literaturverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | China and Russia are perceived as major, long-term competitors with the United States. Since 2014, China and Russia have strengthened their relationship, increasing political, military, and economic cooperation. In this report, the authors seek to understand the history of cooperation between Beijing and Moscow, the drivers of and constraints on the relationship, the potential future of cooperation between China and Russia, the impact of the Chinese-Russian relationship on the United States, and implications for future U.S. policy. The authors find that the main motivations for closer 21st century cooperation between China and Russia are the declining relative power of the United States and the persistent perceived threat from the United States to both China and Russia. If current trends continue, the authors expect the collaborative relationship between China and Russia to be sustained. Absent major (and likely undesirable) changes in U.S. policy, there is little the U.S. government or Army can do to influence the trajectory of the China-Russia relationship. The U.S. military can prepare for the results of greater Sino-Russian cooperation, including by expecting further diffusion of Chinese and Russian military equipment, additional joint planning and exercises, potential joint basing, and eventually the possibility of joint military operations.--page 4 of cover |
| Beschreibung: | "RR-3067-A" -- Page 4 of cover Prepared for the United States Army |
| Beschreibung: | xxv, 296 Seiten Illustrationen 23 cm |
| ISBN: | 9781977404404 |
| DOI: | 10.7249/RR3067 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a China and Russia are perceived as major, long-term competitors with the United States. Since 2014, China and Russia have strengthened their relationship, increasing political, military, and economic cooperation. In this report, the authors seek to understand the history of cooperation between Beijing and Moscow, the drivers of and constraints on the relationship, the potential future of cooperation between China and Russia, the impact of the Chinese-Russian relationship on the United States, and implications for future U.S. policy. The authors find that the main motivations for closer 21st century cooperation between China and Russia are the declining relative power of the United States and the persistent perceived threat from the United States to both China and Russia. If current trends continue, the authors expect the collaborative relationship between China and Russia to be sustained. Absent major (and likely undesirable) changes in U.S. policy, there is little the U.S. government or Army can do to influence the trajectory of the China-Russia relationship. The U.S. military can prepare for the results of greater Sino-Russian cooperation, including by expecting further diffusion of Chinese and Russian military equipment, additional joint planning and exercises, potential joint basing, and eventually the possibility of joint military operations.--page 4 of cover | |
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References 293 United Nations Dag Hammarskjöld Library, “Veto List,” online database, last updated June 1, 2018. As of October 9, 2018: http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, “U.S. Direct Investment Abroad: Balance of Payments and Direct Investment Position Data, Position on a Historical-Cost Basis, 2006,” all industries, updated December 19, 2019. As of January 13, 2020: https://www.bea.gov/international/dilusdbal U.S. Department of Defense, Annual Report to Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2017, Washington, D.C., May 15, 2017. --------- , Summary ofthe 2018 National Defense Strategy ofthe United States of America, Washington, D.C., 2018. U.S. Department of State, “Start I Aggregate Numbers of Strategic Offensive Arms,” fact sheet, Washington, D.C., October 1, 1997. --------- , “START I Aggregate Numbers of Strategic Offensive Arms,” fact sheet, Washington, D.C., October 1, 2002. --------- , “START Aggregate Numbers of Strategic Offensive Arms,” fact sheet, Washington, D.C., October 1, 2007. --------- , “New START Treaty Aggregate Numbers of Strategic Offensive Arms,” fact sheet, Washington, D.C., October 3, 2012. --------- , “New START Treaty Aggregate Numbers of Strategic Offensive Arms,” fact sheet, Washington, D.C., October 1, 2017. U.S. Energy Information Administration, “Europe Brent Spot Price FOB (Dollars per Barrel),” online spreadsheet, release date August 29, 2018. As of August 31, 2018: https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET s=RBRTE f=A Vámos, Péter, “Only
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294 China-Russia Cooperation Vorobyov, Vitaliy, “Stykovka na strtegicheskoy orbite [Docking at the strategic orbit],” Russia in GlobalAffairs, September 8, 2016. Walt, Stephen Μ., The Origins ofAlliances, paperback ed., Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1990. --------- , “Taming American Power,” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 84, No. 5, September/ October 2005, pp. 108-109. Waltz, Kenneth N., Theory ofInternational Politics, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1979. Wang Cungang, “Xinquanqiuhua shidai daguo zhanlue huanxinde shengcheng yu weihu—juyu Zhong-E guanxi to yanjiu [Establishment and maintenance of strategic trust in the era of new globalization: research on Sino-Russian relations],” International Review, No. 5, 2017, pp. 1-13. Wang Haiyun, “Teyipu shangtaihou Е-Mei guanxide zouxiang jiqi Zhong-E guanxide keneng yingxiang [Trends in Russia-US relations after Trump s election to the presidency and its possible influences on China-Russia relations],” Journal of Russian Studies, No. 1, 2017, pp. 5-9. Wang Zhichen, “Zhong-E zai Lianheguo Anlihui de hezuo jiti yingxiang yinsu fenxi [Analyzing Sino-Russian cooperation at the United Nations Security Council and influencing factors],” Russia, East Europe, and Central Asian Studies, No. 1, 2017, pp. 96-112. Wei, Yuxi, “China-Russia Cybersecurity Cooperation: Working Towards Cyber Sovereignty,” Henry Μ. Jackson School of International Studies, University of Washington, June 21, 2016. Weitz, Richard, “China-Russia Relations and the United States: At a Turning Point?” Second Line ofDefense, April 13, 2011. As of October 9, 2018:
https://sldinfo.com/2011/04/ china-russia-relations-and-the-united-states-at-a-turning-point/ --------- , “Growing China-Russia Military Relations: Implications and Opportunities for U.S. Policy,” in Eilings and Sutter, 2018, pp. 81-108. Wen Jiabao, Premier of the State Council, Report on the Work ofthe Government, delivered at the 11th National People’s Congress, Beijing, March 5, 2008. --------- , Reportan the Work ofthe Government, delivered at the 12th National People’s Congress, Beijing, March 5, 2013. Westad, Odd Arne, ed., Brothers in Arms: The Rise and Fall ofthe Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945—1963, Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 1998. White House, National Security Strategy ofthe United States ofAmerica, Washington, D.C., December 2017. As of October 26, 2018: https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/ NSS-Final-12-18-2017-0905.pdf
References 295 Wilkins, Thomas S., “Russo-Chinese Strategic Partnership: A New Form of Security Cooperation?” Contemporary Security Policy, Vol. 29, No. 2, 2008, pp. 358-383. --------- , “‘Alignment,’ Not Alliance’—The Shifting Paradigm of International Security Cooperation: Toward a Conceptual Taxonomy of Alignment,” Review of International Studies, Vol. 38, No. 1, January 2012, pp. 53-76. Withnall, Adam, “China’s Xi Declares Putin His ‘Best, Most Intimate Friend’ as Russia Looks to the East for Allies,” Independent, June 8, 2018. Wohlforth, William C., “The Stability of a Unipolar World,” International Security, Vol. 24, No. 1, Summer 1999. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, “Translation of Record of Talks Between Stalin and Mao, January 22, 1950,” Cold War International History Project Bulletin, Nos. 6-7, Winter 1995/1996, p. 7. World Bank, “World Development Indicators,” online database, last updated June 28, 2018. As of October 25, 2018: http://datatopics.worldbank.org/world-development-indicators/ World Trade Organization, “Accessions: China,” webpage, undated. As of August 30, 2018: https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/acc_e/al_chine_e.htm Wu, DD, “China and Russia Sign Military Cooperation Roadmap,” The Diplomat, June 30, 2017. As of October 9, 2018: https://thediplomat.com/2017/06/ china-and-russia-sign-military-cooperation-roadmap/ Yeltsin, Boris, “Boris Yeltsin: pusť Klinton ne zabyvaetsya [Boris Yeltsin: Clinton should not forget himself],” Lenta.ru, December 9, 1999. Zhang Aiping, chief compiler, Zhongguo Renmin JiefangJun [China’s People’s
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296 China-Russia Cooperation Zheng, Sarah, “Sanctions-Hit Russia Mulls Payment System Tie-Up with China to Cut Reliance on the West,” South China Morning Post, November 1, 2017. Zheng Wang, Never Forget National Humiliation: Historical Memory in Chinese Politics and Foreign Relations, New York: Columbia University Press, 2012. Zhu Rongji, Premier of the State Council, Report on the Work ofthe Government, delivered at the Ninth National People’s Congress, Beijing, March 5, 2000. ---------- , Report on the Work ofthe Government, delivered at the Tenth National People’s Congress, Beijing, March 5, 2003. Zhu Yongbiao, “China’s Afghanistan Policy Since 9/11,” Asian Survey, Vol. 58, No. 2, March/April 2018, pp. 281-301. Ziegler, Charles E., “China-Russia Relations in Energy, Trade, and Finance: Strategic Implications and Opportunities for U.S. Policy,” in Eilings and Sutter, 2018, pp. 51-80. Zubok, Vladislav Μ., “The Mao-Khrushchev Conversations, July 31-August 3, 1958, and October 2, 1959,” Cold War International History Project Bulletin, Nos. 12-13, 2001. Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Mönchen |
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| author | Radin, Andrew Scobell, Andrew Treyger, Elina Williams, J. D. Ma, Logan Shatz, Howard J. Zeigler, Sean M. Han, Eugeniu Reach, Clinton Bruce |
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| author_facet | Radin, Andrew Scobell, Andrew Treyger, Elina Williams, J. D. Ma, Logan Shatz, Howard J. Zeigler, Sean M. Han, Eugeniu Reach, Clinton Bruce |
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| doi_str_mv | 10.7249/RR3067 |
| era | Geschichte 1997-2017 gnd |
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| spelling | Radin, Andrew Verfasser (DE-588)1139190016 aut China-Russia cooperation determining factors, future trajectories, implications for the United States Andrew Radin, Andrew Scobell, Elina Treyger, J.D. Williams, Logan Ma, Howard J. Shatz, Sean M. Zeigler, Eugeniu Han, Clint Reach Santa Monica, Calif. Rand Corporation 2021 xxv, 296 Seiten Illustrationen 23 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier "RR-3067-A" -- Page 4 of cover Prepared for the United States Army China and Russia are perceived as major, long-term competitors with the United States. Since 2014, China and Russia have strengthened their relationship, increasing political, military, and economic cooperation. In this report, the authors seek to understand the history of cooperation between Beijing and Moscow, the drivers of and constraints on the relationship, the potential future of cooperation between China and Russia, the impact of the Chinese-Russian relationship on the United States, and implications for future U.S. policy. The authors find that the main motivations for closer 21st century cooperation between China and Russia are the declining relative power of the United States and the persistent perceived threat from the United States to both China and Russia. If current trends continue, the authors expect the collaborative relationship between China and Russia to be sustained. Absent major (and likely undesirable) changes in U.S. policy, there is little the U.S. government or Army can do to influence the trajectory of the China-Russia relationship. The U.S. military can prepare for the results of greater Sino-Russian cooperation, including by expecting further diffusion of Chinese and Russian military equipment, additional joint planning and exercises, potential joint basing, and eventually the possibility of joint military operations.--page 4 of cover Geschichte 1997-2017 gnd rswk-swf Internationale Politik (DE-588)4072885-7 gnd rswk-swf Kooperation (DE-588)4032386-9 gnd rswk-swf China (DE-588)4009937-4 gnd rswk-swf Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd rswk-swf China Russia / Foreign relations / China China / Foreign relations / Russia China / Foreign relations / United States Russia / Foreign relations / United States United States / Foreign relations / China United States / Foreign relations / Russia International economic relations Russia Diplomatic relations United States Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 g China (DE-588)4009937-4 g Kooperation (DE-588)4032386-9 s Internationale Politik (DE-588)4072885-7 s Geschichte 1997-2017 z DE-604 Scobell, Andrew Verfasser (DE-588)143211714 aut Treyger, Elina Verfasser (DE-588)1190908492 aut Williams, J. D. Verfasser aut Ma, Logan Verfasser (DE-588)1188908898 aut Shatz, Howard J. Verfasser aut Zeigler, Sean M. Verfasser (DE-588)1150534788 aut Han, Eugeniu Verfasser (DE-588)1193276977 aut Reach, Clinton Bruce Verfasser (DE-588)1139393480 aut Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033009528&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Radin, Andrew Scobell, Andrew Treyger, Elina Williams, J. D. Ma, Logan Shatz, Howard J. Zeigler, Sean M. Han, Eugeniu Reach, Clinton Bruce China-Russia cooperation determining factors, future trajectories, implications for the United States Internationale Politik (DE-588)4072885-7 gnd Kooperation (DE-588)4032386-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4072885-7 (DE-588)4032386-9 (DE-588)4009937-4 (DE-588)4076899-5 |
| title | China-Russia cooperation determining factors, future trajectories, implications for the United States |
| title_auth | China-Russia cooperation determining factors, future trajectories, implications for the United States |
| title_exact_search | China-Russia cooperation determining factors, future trajectories, implications for the United States |
| title_exact_search_txtP | China-Russia cooperation determining factors, future trajectories, implications for the United States |
| title_full | China-Russia cooperation determining factors, future trajectories, implications for the United States Andrew Radin, Andrew Scobell, Elina Treyger, J.D. Williams, Logan Ma, Howard J. Shatz, Sean M. Zeigler, Eugeniu Han, Clint Reach |
| title_fullStr | China-Russia cooperation determining factors, future trajectories, implications for the United States Andrew Radin, Andrew Scobell, Elina Treyger, J.D. Williams, Logan Ma, Howard J. Shatz, Sean M. Zeigler, Eugeniu Han, Clint Reach |
| title_full_unstemmed | China-Russia cooperation determining factors, future trajectories, implications for the United States Andrew Radin, Andrew Scobell, Elina Treyger, J.D. Williams, Logan Ma, Howard J. Shatz, Sean M. Zeigler, Eugeniu Han, Clint Reach |
| title_short | China-Russia cooperation |
| title_sort | china russia cooperation determining factors future trajectories implications for the united states |
| title_sub | determining factors, future trajectories, implications for the United States |
| topic | Internationale Politik (DE-588)4072885-7 gnd Kooperation (DE-588)4032386-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Internationale Politik Kooperation China Russland |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033009528&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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