Între rural şi urban: fragmente din cotidianul comunist : studiu de caz: raionul Gherla = Between rural and urban : excerpts from the everyday life under communism : case study: the Gherla district
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Romanian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cluj-Napoca
Casa Cărţii de Ştiinţă
2021
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| Schriftenreihe: | Colecţia Istorie modernă şi contemporană
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | 216 Seiten Illustrationen |
| ISBN: | 9786061718115 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804182947267346432 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Cuprins Introducere / 9 Capitolul 1 Sovietizarea şi planificarea economiei româneşti la începutul perioadei comuniste / 19 1.1. Modelul sovietic de colectivizare a agriculturii /19 1.2. Caracteristicile vieţii cotidiene în spaţiul sovietic / 22 1.3. Reforma agrară şi legislaţia începuturilor administrative ale colectivizării în România / 33 1.4. Plenara Comitetului Central al Partidului Muncitoresc Român din 3-5 martie 1949 şi desfăşurarea colectivizării / 41 1.5. Industrializarea şi urbanizarea pe teritoriul României / 59 Capitolul 2 Colectivizarea şi industrializarea în zona Gherla / 64 2.1. Colectivizarea în regiunea Gluj: strategii şi propagandă / 64 2.2. Cazul particular al raionului Gherla / 68 2.3. Situaţia satelor din zona Gherla la începutul colectivizării / 72 2.4. Migraţia rural-urban în zona Gherla / 77 Capitolul 3 Viaţa cotidiană între rural şi urban în zona Gherla / 89 3.1. „Din ţărani în birocraţi” - noi categorii şi noi elite / 89 3.2. Familia, spaţiul public şi privat /100 3.3. Timpul Uber şi activităţile culturale /111 3.4. Profesiile /125 3.5. Şcoala şi dascălii în mediul urban /134 3.5.1. Efectele reformei învăţământului din 1948 /134 3.5.2. Elevele Şcolii Pedagogice de Fete / 144
3.5.3. Modificarea programei şcolare / 153 3.5.4. Activităţile extraşcolare / 156 3.5.5. Profesorii şcolii / 159 Concluzii /165 Bibliografie / 173 Testimoniale / 183 Abstract (Between Rural and Urban. Excerpts from the Everyday Life under Communism. Case Study: The Gherla District) /211
Abstract Between Rural and Urban. Excerptsfrom the Everyday Life under Communism. Case Study: The Gherla District The main idea of this book refers to the effects that communist collectivization, in complementarity with industrialization, had on the development of the rural space in Romania, respectively of the cities, from the daily life perspective. For analysis and demonstration, we chose the Gherla area as a case study, because it meets the necessary criteria to address the hypotheses of this research: it has an urban centre with well-developed industry and neighbouring rural localities, which play the role of suppliers of workforce, but also as a potential source for changing the demographic structure of the city s population. The structure of the paper follows a logical thread, developing general interpretations and theories to particular ones. In the first part, a key role is played by the reflections on the transformations that have taken place in the rural environment following the implementation of the new model of agricultural exploitation and the role that people, from different social categories, have received in this process. To better understand the phenomenon, a diachronic incursion was imposed about the beginnings of collectivization in the Soviet Union, and synchronous, in relation to the neighbouring states, which went through a same process as Romania, in terms of way of life, freedoms, demarcation between public and private space. The second part deals with the two complementary processes, collectivization and industrialization, the assumed goal being
to
212 Marius Mureşan perform an analysis on the rural communities in the first part of the post-war period. We named a series of features specific to the localities in Gherla district, about the way in which the propaganda was used and the belief of the population towards the ideas promoted by the communist authorities. Next, the focus was on the transition of people, following collectivization and industrialization, from rural to urban areas. The development of urban centres was a magnet for the rural population, eager to change their way of life. This process had several consequences. On the one hand, it is about creating, through the suburbs, a bridge between the city and the neighbouring rural communities, and, on the other hand, about a series of traditions and customs that people have brought with them, so that we are dealing with the emergence of a new and hybrid culture, strongly imbued with the rural mentality and lifestyle. In the third chapter, the characteristics of daily life are developed in the geographically bordered space of the Gherla area, and administratively as the Gherla district. The changes within the villages are captured in the subchapter symbolically entitled „From peasants to bureaucrats”, as it analyses the issue of new „elites” that collectivization generated and the overthrow of the earlier value system: often they were people from the ranks of those who proved their support for the communists from the beginning. Another subchapter is dedicated to the family, public and private space. Beyond the daily agricultural activities, the family is
another space not invaded by ideology until a certain moment. Through the increasing role given to women and the decrease of paternal authority following the loss of land, we can see an increasingly fragmented social structure. At the same time, many changés take place in several important categories in rural areas, i.e., teachers, who have kept their predominance and importance since the interwar period, and doctors, a new professional category that becomes an essential part of the rural world. We also name a series of fimctions and professions necessary to carry out the activity of Collective Farms,
Intre rumisi urban. Fragmente din cotidianul comunist 213 which had not existed until then. A substantial part is dedicated to free time and the organization of mass cultural activities. The two are connected by the fact that a large part of the events are related to the school, and the teachers are given a new role, as instruments of the regime. It can be noticed a characteristic of the activities organized in the villages: there are two types ֊ winter and summer activities -, each with its own characteristics and adapted to the need felt by the authorities to involve the villagers in easier to control and strongly ideologized actions. This develops a series of specific goals arising from the ideas outlined above. On the one hand, we want to point out the extent to which changes in agriculture, in conjunction with other state policies, have led to changes in the social organization of villages. On the other hand, we intend to highlight the changes in people s mentality and their conceptions of the role that the family plays in society. We are dealing with what specialists call „kinship amnesia.” Finally, on a more pragmatic level, we aim to show the effects of introducing wage labour or the way in which the division of labour between women and men contributed to the unification of this overall picture. We will also look at how the lifestyles of people in different professions - for example, teachers - change. In the last part of the research, the aim is to reveal the effects that have occurred since the transition of the rural population to the city of Gherla. The cities
were meant to attract many people eager to start a new life. The proposed goal is to name their new activities, the way in which they integrate into much larger but also quite difficult to access communities.
|
| adam_txt |
Cuprins Introducere / 9 Capitolul 1 Sovietizarea şi planificarea economiei româneşti la începutul perioadei comuniste / 19 1.1. Modelul sovietic de colectivizare a agriculturii /19 1.2. Caracteristicile vieţii cotidiene în spaţiul sovietic / 22 1.3. Reforma agrară şi legislaţia începuturilor administrative ale colectivizării în România / 33 1.4. Plenara Comitetului Central al Partidului Muncitoresc Român din 3-5 martie 1949 şi desfăşurarea colectivizării / 41 1.5. Industrializarea şi urbanizarea pe teritoriul României / 59 Capitolul 2 Colectivizarea şi industrializarea în zona Gherla / 64 2.1. Colectivizarea în regiunea Gluj: strategii şi propagandă / 64 2.2. Cazul particular al raionului Gherla / 68 2.3. Situaţia satelor din zona Gherla la începutul colectivizării / 72 2.4. Migraţia rural-urban în zona Gherla / 77 Capitolul 3 Viaţa cotidiană între rural şi urban în zona Gherla / 89 3.1. „Din ţărani în birocraţi” - noi categorii şi noi elite / 89 3.2. Familia, spaţiul public şi privat /100 3.3. Timpul Uber şi activităţile culturale /111 3.4. Profesiile /125 3.5. Şcoala şi dascălii în mediul urban /134 3.5.1. Efectele reformei învăţământului din 1948 /134 3.5.2. Elevele Şcolii Pedagogice de Fete / 144
3.5.3. Modificarea programei şcolare / 153 3.5.4. Activităţile extraşcolare / 156 3.5.5. Profesorii şcolii / 159 Concluzii /165 Bibliografie / 173 Testimoniale / 183 Abstract (Between Rural and Urban. Excerpts from the Everyday Life under Communism. Case Study: The Gherla District) /211
Abstract Between Rural and Urban. Excerptsfrom the Everyday Life under Communism. Case Study: The Gherla District The main idea of this book refers to the effects that communist collectivization, in complementarity with industrialization, had on the development of the rural space in Romania, respectively of the cities, from the daily life perspective. For analysis and demonstration, we chose the Gherla area as a case study, because it meets the necessary criteria to address the hypotheses of this research: it has an urban centre with well-developed industry and neighbouring rural localities, which play the role of suppliers of workforce, but also as a potential source for changing the demographic structure of the city's population. The structure of the paper follows a logical thread, developing general interpretations and theories to particular ones. In the first part, a key role is played by the reflections on the transformations that have taken place in the rural environment following the implementation of the new model of agricultural exploitation and the role that people, from different social categories, have received in this process. To better understand the phenomenon, a diachronic incursion was imposed about the beginnings of collectivization in the Soviet Union, and synchronous, in relation to the neighbouring states, which went through a same process as Romania, in terms of way of life, freedoms, demarcation between public and private space. The second part deals with the two complementary processes, collectivization and industrialization, the assumed goal being
to
212 Marius Mureşan perform an analysis on the rural communities in the first part of the post-war period. We named a series of features specific to the localities in Gherla district, about the way in which the propaganda was used and the belief of the population towards the ideas promoted by the communist authorities. Next, the focus was on the transition of people, following collectivization and industrialization, from rural to urban areas. The development of urban centres was a magnet for the rural population, eager to change their way of life. This process had several consequences. On the one hand, it is about creating, through the suburbs, a bridge between the city and the neighbouring rural communities, and, on the other hand, about a series of traditions and customs that people have brought with them, so that we are dealing with the emergence of a new and hybrid culture, strongly imbued with the rural mentality and lifestyle. In the third chapter, the characteristics of daily life are developed in the geographically bordered space of the Gherla area, and administratively as the Gherla district. The changes within the villages are captured in the subchapter symbolically entitled „From peasants to bureaucrats”, as it analyses the issue of new „elites” that collectivization generated and the overthrow of the earlier value system: often they were people from the ranks of those who proved their support for the communists from the beginning. Another subchapter is dedicated to the family, public and private space. Beyond the daily agricultural activities, the family is
another space not invaded by ideology until a certain moment. Through the increasing role given to women and the decrease of paternal authority following the loss of land, we can see an increasingly fragmented social structure. At the same time, many changés take place in several important categories in rural areas, i.e., teachers, who have kept their predominance and importance since the interwar period, and doctors, a new professional category that becomes an essential part of the rural world. We also name a series of fimctions and professions necessary to carry out the activity of Collective Farms,
Intre rumisi urban. Fragmente din cotidianul comunist 213 which had not existed until then. A substantial part is dedicated to free time and the organization of mass cultural activities. The two are connected by the fact that a large part of the events are related to the school, and the teachers are given a new role, as instruments of the regime. It can be noticed a characteristic of the activities organized in the villages: there are two types ֊ winter and summer activities -, each with its own characteristics and adapted to the need felt by the authorities to involve the villagers in easier to control and strongly ideologized actions. This develops a series of specific goals arising from the ideas outlined above. On the one hand, we want to point out the extent to which changes in agriculture, in conjunction with other state policies, have led to changes in the social organization of villages. On the other hand, we intend to highlight the changes in people's mentality and their conceptions of the role that the family plays in society. We are dealing with what specialists call „kinship amnesia.” Finally, on a more pragmatic level, we aim to show the effects of introducing wage labour or the way in which the division of labour between women and men contributed to the unification of this overall picture. We will also look at how the lifestyles of people in different professions - for example, teachers - change. In the last part of the research, the aim is to reveal the effects that have occurred since the transition of the rural population to the city of Gherla. The cities
were meant to attract many people eager to start a new life. The proposed goal is to name their new activities, the way in which they integrate into much larger but also quite difficult to access communities. |
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| index_date | 2024-07-03T18:35:25Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:15:38Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9786061718115 |
| language | Romanian |
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| physical | 216 Seiten Illustrationen |
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| publisher | Casa Cărţii de Ştiinţă |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Colecţia Istorie modernă şi contemporană |
| spelling | Mureşan, Marius 1991- Verfasser (DE-588)1175141860 aut Între rural şi urban fragmente din cotidianul comunist : studiu de caz: raionul Gherla = Between rural and urban : excerpts from the everyday life under communism : case study: the Gherla district Marius Mureşan Between rural and urban Cluj-Napoca Casa Cărţii de Ştiinţă 2021 216 Seiten Illustrationen txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Colecţia Istorie modernă şi contemporană Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Kommunismus (DE-588)4031892-8 gnd rswk-swf Landleben (DE-588)4034309-1 gnd rswk-swf Stadt (DE-588)4056723-0 gnd rswk-swf Gherla (DE-588)4518991-2 gnd rswk-swf Colectivizarea agriculturii / Gherla (România) Comunism / România Gherla (România) / Civilizaţie Gherla (DE-588)4518991-2 g Kommunismus (DE-588)4031892-8 s Stadt (DE-588)4056723-0 s Landleben (DE-588)4034309-1 s Geschichte z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB München 25 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032973846&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München 25 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032973846&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Mureşan, Marius 1991- Între rural şi urban fragmente din cotidianul comunist : studiu de caz: raionul Gherla = Between rural and urban : excerpts from the everyday life under communism : case study: the Gherla district Kommunismus (DE-588)4031892-8 gnd Landleben (DE-588)4034309-1 gnd Stadt (DE-588)4056723-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4031892-8 (DE-588)4034309-1 (DE-588)4056723-0 (DE-588)4518991-2 |
| title | Între rural şi urban fragmente din cotidianul comunist : studiu de caz: raionul Gherla = Between rural and urban : excerpts from the everyday life under communism : case study: the Gherla district |
| title_alt | Between rural and urban |
| title_auth | Între rural şi urban fragmente din cotidianul comunist : studiu de caz: raionul Gherla = Between rural and urban : excerpts from the everyday life under communism : case study: the Gherla district |
| title_exact_search | Între rural şi urban fragmente din cotidianul comunist : studiu de caz: raionul Gherla = Between rural and urban : excerpts from the everyday life under communism : case study: the Gherla district |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Între rural şi urban fragmente din cotidianul comunist : studiu de caz: raionul Gherla = Between rural and urban : excerpts from the everyday life under communism : case study: the Gherla district |
| title_full | Între rural şi urban fragmente din cotidianul comunist : studiu de caz: raionul Gherla = Between rural and urban : excerpts from the everyday life under communism : case study: the Gherla district Marius Mureşan |
| title_fullStr | Între rural şi urban fragmente din cotidianul comunist : studiu de caz: raionul Gherla = Between rural and urban : excerpts from the everyday life under communism : case study: the Gherla district Marius Mureşan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Între rural şi urban fragmente din cotidianul comunist : studiu de caz: raionul Gherla = Between rural and urban : excerpts from the everyday life under communism : case study: the Gherla district Marius Mureşan |
| title_short | Între rural şi urban |
| title_sort | intre rural si urban fragmente din cotidianul comunist studiu de caz raionul gherla between rural and urban excerpts from the everyday life under communism case study the gherla district |
| title_sub | fragmente din cotidianul comunist : studiu de caz: raionul Gherla = Between rural and urban : excerpts from the everyday life under communism : case study: the Gherla district |
| topic | Kommunismus (DE-588)4031892-8 gnd Landleben (DE-588)4034309-1 gnd Stadt (DE-588)4056723-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Kommunismus Landleben Stadt Gherla |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032973846&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032973846&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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