From Europe's east to the Middle East: Israel's Russian and Polish lineages
"From Europe's East to the Middle East seeks to both renew and recast our understanding of the tumultuous and entangled histories of East European Jewry, the transnational movement that Zionism became, and the settler society from which the country that is contemporary Israel emerged"...
Gespeichert in:
| Weitere Verfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania Press
[2021]
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Jewish culture and contexts
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | "From Europe's East to the Middle East seeks to both renew and recast our understanding of the tumultuous and entangled histories of East European Jewry, the transnational movement that Zionism became, and the settler society from which the country that is contemporary Israel emerged"-- |
| Beschreibung: | vii, 396 Seiten 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9780812253092 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a22000008c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV047550170 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20220421 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 211020s2021 b||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9780812253092 |c hbk. |9 978-0-8122-5309-2 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)1298749683 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV047550170 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rda | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-29 |a DE-12 |a DE-19 | ||
| 084 | |a OST |q DE-12 |2 fid | ||
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a From Europe's east to the Middle East |b Israel's Russian and Polish lineages |c edited by Kenneth B. Moss, Benjamin Nathans, and Taro Tsurumi |
| 264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia |b University of Pennsylvania Press |c [2021] | |
| 300 | |a vii, 396 Seiten |c 24 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Jewish culture and contexts | |
| 505 | 8 | |a Chapter 1. "Little Russia" in Palestine? Imperial past, national future (1860-1948) / Israel Bartal -- Chapter 2. From hyphenated Jews to independent Jews : the collapse of the Russian Empire and the change in the relationship between Jews and others / Taro Tsurumi -- Chapter 3. Jewish Palestine and Eastern Europe : I am in the East and my heart is in the West / Anita Shapira -- Chapter 4. Stateless nation : a reciprocal motif between Polish nationalism and Zionism / Marcos Silber -- Chapter 5. The paradox of Soviet influence : the case of Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa'ir from the USSR / Ziva Galili -- Chapter 6. Triumphs of conservatism : Beit Yaakov and the Polish origins of haredi girls' education in Israel / Iris Brown (Hoizman) -- Chapter 7. Hasidic leadership : from charismatic to hereditary and back / Benjamin Brown -- Chapter 8. Connecting Poland and Palestine : the organizational model of He-Haluts / Rona Yona -- Chapter 9. Israel's Polish heritage / David Engel -- Chapter 10. Violence as political experience among Jewish youth in interwar Poland / Kamil Kijek -- Chapter 11. From Zionism as ideology to the Yishuv as fact : Polish Jewish reorientations toward Palestine within and beyond Zionism, 1927-1932 / Kenneth B. Moss -- Chapter 12. Hero shtetls : reading civil war self-defense in the Yishuv / Mihály Kálmán -- Chapter 13. American Jews and the Zionist movements in the Soviet Union : The Joint and He-Haluts in Crimea in the 1920s / Chizuko Takao -- Chapter 14. Refuseniks and rights defenders : Jews and the Soviet dissident movement / Benjamin Nathans | |
| 520 | 3 | |a "From Europe's East to the Middle East seeks to both renew and recast our understanding of the tumultuous and entangled histories of East European Jewry, the transnational movement that Zionism became, and the settler society from which the country that is contemporary Israel emerged"-- | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1860-1950 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Juden |0 (DE-588)4028808-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Staat |0 (DE-588)4056618-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Gründung |0 (DE-588)4020642-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Auswanderung |0 (DE-588)4003920-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Zionismus |0 (DE-588)4067864-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Polen |0 (DE-588)4046496-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Sowjetunion |0 (DE-588)4077548-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Russland |0 (DE-588)4076899-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Israel |0 (DE-588)4027808-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Jews / Europe, Eastern / History / 20th century | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Jews, East European / Palestine / History / 20th century | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Jews, East European / Israel / History / 20th century | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Zionism / Europe, Eastern / History / 20th century | |
| 653 | 2 | |a Palestine / History / 20th century | |
| 653 | 2 | |a Israel / History / 20th century | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Jews | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Jews, East European | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Zionism | |
| 653 | 2 | |a Eastern Europe | |
| 653 | 2 | |a Israel | |
| 653 | 2 | |a Middle East / Palestine | |
| 653 | 4 | |a 1900-1999 | |
| 653 | 6 | |a History | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Polen |0 (DE-588)4046496-9 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Russland |0 (DE-588)4076899-5 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Sowjetunion |0 (DE-588)4077548-3 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Juden |0 (DE-588)4028808-0 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 4 | |a Auswanderung |0 (DE-588)4003920-1 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 5 | |a Israel |0 (DE-588)4027808-6 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 6 | |a Staat |0 (DE-588)4056618-3 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 7 | |a Gründung |0 (DE-588)4020642-7 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 8 | |a Zionismus |0 (DE-588)4067864-7 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 9 | |a Geschichte 1860-1950 |A z |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Moss, Kenneth B. |d 1974- |0 (DE-588)135804744 |4 edt | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nathans, Benjamin |0 (DE-588)108925766X |4 edt | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tsurumi, Tarō |d 1965- |0 (DE-588)137182066 |4 edt | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032925815&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032925815&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Register // Gemischte Register |
| 940 | 1 | |n oe | |
| 940 | 1 | |q BSB_NED_20220421 | |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032925815 | ||
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 200.9 |e 22/bsb |f 09043 |g 947.08 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909 |e 22/bsb |f 09034 |g 5694 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 340.09 |e 22/bsb |f 09041 |g 5694 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 306.09 |e 22/bsb |f 09044 |g 471 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 340.09 |e 22/bsb |f 09042 |g 438 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804182869366538240 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS Introduction Kenneth B. Moss, Benjamin Nathans, and Taro Tsurumi 1 Part I. Imperial and National Crucibles Chapter 1. “Little Russia” in Palestine? Imperial Past, National Future (1860-1948) Israel Bartai Chapter 2. From Hyphenated Jews to Independent Jews: The Collapse of the Russian Empire and the Change in the Relationship Between Jews and Others Taro Tsurumi 19 45 Chapter 3. Jewish Palestine and Eastern Europe: I Am in the East and My Heart Is in the West Anita Shapira 70 Chapter 4. Stateless Nation: A Reciprocal Motif Between Polish Nationalism and Zionism Marcos Silber 87 Part II. Groups and Institutions Chapter 5. The Paradox of Soviet Influence: The Case of Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir from the USSR Ziva Galili 117
VI Contents Chapter 6. Triumphs of Conservatism: Beit Yaakov and the Polish Origins of Haredi Girls’ Education in Israel Iris Brown (Hoizman) Chapter 7. Hasidic Leadership: From Charismatic to Hereditary and Back Benjamin Brown Chapter 8. Connecting Poland and Palestine: The Organizational Model of He-Haluts Rona Yona Part III. Formations of Political Culture Chapter 9. Israel’s Polish Heritage David Engel Chapter 10. Violence as Political Experience Among Jewish Youth in Interwar Poland Kamil Kijek Chapter 11. From Zionism as Ideology to the Yishuv as Fact: Polish Jewish Reorientations Toward Palestine Within and Beyond Zionism, 1927-1932 Kenneth B. Moss Chapter 12. Hero Shtetls: Reading Civil War Self-Defense in the Yishuv Mihály Kálmán Part IV. Soviet Interludes Chapter 13. American Jews and the Zionist Movements in the Soviet Union: The Joint and He-Haluts in Crimea in the 1920s Chizuko Takao
Contents vii Chapter 14. Refuseniks and Rights Defenders: Jews and the Soviet Dissident Movement Benjamin Nathans 362 List of Contributors 377 Index 381 Acknowledgments 395
380 Contributors Rona Yona is editor of the journal Israel: Studies in Zionism and the State ofIsrael, published by Tel Aviv University. Her book on Polish pioneers and the rise of Labor Zionism between the world wars will appear in 2021. Yona’s work has ap peared in the Journal of Israeli History, Gal-Ed, Polin and elsewhere. She cur rently teaches at Tel Aviv University and New York University in Tel Aviv. INDEX Abramovich, Sholem Yankev, 29 Afikim. See Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir agriculture: history ofJewish colonies in Russia, 347-48; Jewish settlements in Crimea, 13, 344-58; New Jew reform movement and, 33; Russian resettlement of Jews in the south, 24-25 Agro-Joint, 349-58 Agudat Israel, 78, 145, 147, 151, 158, 208, 286 Agursky, Mikhail, 366 Ahdut ha-‘avodah Party, 9, 126-32, 140n42, 198,202, 314 Aksel’rod-Rubina, Ina, 370 Albinger, Yehoshua, 323 Alexander I, Tsar, 20, 33, 347 Alexander II, Tsar, 20, 30, 33, 35, 48 Alexander III, Tsar, 35, 48 Al ha-mishmar (journal), 315 aliyot. See Fifth Aliyah; First Aliyah; Fourth Aliyah; immigrants/immigration; Second Aliyah; Third Aliyah Allon, Yigal, 326, 327 All-Russian Union of Jewish Soldiers, 307 Alroey, Gur, 70 Alter, Rabbi Avraham Mordechai, 145, 147 Altshuler, Mordechai, 345 American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC, or the Joint), 13-14, 343-57, 372 American Relief Administration, 347 Am Olam, 33 Amshinover Hasidim, 181-82 Anders’ Army, 82 Anokhin, K. A., 120, 128 anti-Semitism: Christianity and, 58-59; features of, 245; pogroms as outgrowth of, 62; Polish, 8, 75, 78, 79, 82,244-45, 249-57, 264-65, 273,
287-88; quotidian character of, 249-50; in Russia, 48, 52, 55, 56; Russian, 5, 48, 52, 55, 56, 62, 72; in schools, 249-50, 254; Soviet, 365; Soviet opposition to (in 1920s), 72; violence linked to, 244-45, 252-56, 264-65. See also Jews: discrimination against Anusz, Franciszek, 229 Appenszlak, Jakub, 99-101; “Mowie Polskiej,” 99-100 Arab-Jewish clashes (1929), 136-37, 272,275-77, 280-81, 329 Arab Revolt (1936), 80, 209,256 Arabs: critiques of Zionists by, 236; Jewish labor movement and, 133-36; Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir and, 133-37; Palestinian place allotted to, 63-64 Arazi, Yehuda (Tenenbaum), 257 Around the World (journal), 120 Ashkenazim, and the Yishuv, 306 assimilation, 49, 72, 75, 104-5, 148, 153, 233, 249, 254-55, 363, 369-70 Association for Research on the History of Jews in Russia and Ukraine, 322-23 Avidan-Givati, Shimon, 326 Azbel, Mark, 366, 371, 373 Balfour Declaration, 196 Bar Kokhba rebellion, 101-3, 316 Bartai, Israel, 5-6, 358 Bartov, Hanoch, 74, 79, 83; Little Jew, 74 Bauer, Eia, 88, 104 Bauer, Otto, 52, 122 Beer-Hoffman, Richard, 146 Begin, Menachem, 82-83, 259 Beit Yaakov schools, 9-10, 143-67; curriculum of, 9, 145-48, 159, 160; founding and early years of, 144-45; Holocaust’s effect on, 147, 157; in Israel, 156-68; languages in curriculum of, 146; Orlean vision for, 147-64, 167-68; in Poland, 144-57; Polish vs. Israeli schools compared, 143-44; Schenirer-Deutschländer vision for, 9,144-47,157-61, 164,167-68; teacher’s role in, 154-56, 162; teacher training for, 145-46, 158-59; traditional education compared to, 144
382 Bellis Affair, 58 Belz Hasidim, 144, 146,178-81 Ben Ami, Itzhak, 251-52 Ben-Ami, Mordekhai, 320 Benari, Nahum, 278,295 Ben-Asher, Haim, 290-94 Bendori, P., 279 Ben Gamla, Yehoshua, 149 Ben-Gurion, David, 9, 36, 39,49, 72 , 79, 122, 125, 128, 132, 136, 137, 181,209-12,236-37, 263, 346, 353 Ben Horin, Eliyahu, 328, 329 Ben Shemen Youth Village, 280-82, 301n42 Ben Zion, Simha, 30 Ben-Ziv, Avraham, 327, 328 Ben-Zvi, Yitzhak, 36 Ber, Rebbe Yissokhor, of Belz, 178 Berdyaev, Nikolai, 58-59 Berg, Raisa, 365 Berkowitz, Joseph, 92 Berman, Avraham, 327 Bershad self-defense unit, 317, 319 Betar youth movement, 45, 81, 82, 101, 208, 209, 251-52, 254-55, 258-60, 294 Beys Yankev schools. See Beit Yaakov schools Bezsonov, Valerian Andreevich, 120-21, 128 Bialik, Chaim Nahman, 29, 30-31, 96 Bickerman, Joseph M., 62 Biderman, Rabbi Elimelekh (Meilech), 185 bilium, 35-36, 71 Birnbaum, Nathan, 147 Blit, Lucjan, 258, 259 Blok, Aleksandr, “The Twelve,” 73 Blue Shirt (newspaper), 125 Bluwstein, Rachel, 73 Bnei Brak, 157, 159-60 Bobkov, Philipp, 362 Bogdanovsky, Meir, 198, 203-4, 206, 215nl5 Bogoraz-Brukhman, Larisa, 365, 366 Boguslav pogram and self-defense unit, 314-16, 318 Boneh, Solei, 125 Bonner, Elena, 365 Borochov, Ber, 9, 36, 39,118, 122, 124 Brenner, Yosef Haim, 30, 72-73, 314; From Here and There, 72 Breuer, Isaac, 146, 147 Brezhnev, Leonid, 14, 363, 365, 372 British Mandate Palestine, 21, 34, 79-80, 197, 203, 214, 272, 276-77, 325, 357 Brodski, Zeev, 327-28 Brown, Benjamin, 10 Index Brown, Iris, 9 Brutzkus, Julius, 50, 52 Brzozowski, Władysław, Flames, 75-76, 82 Buber, Martin, 178
Bujak, Franciszek, 240ո40 Bukovsky, Vladimir, 367 Bulletin of the Council ofRelatives ofImprisoned Evangelical Christian Baptists in the USSR, 368 Bund, 49,224-25,248,251, 253,257-59, 261-63,277,288,295 Cahan, Abraham, 353 Carlebach, Rabbi Shlomo, 189 Camera, Primo, 265 Certificate Immigrants, 79-81, 83 Chajes, Victor, 94 Chanukah, 102 charisma, 176-83, 185, 189 Chemia, Iosif, 122 Chemia, Riva, 122 Chernyshevsky, Nikolai, 36; What Is to Be Done? 123 Christianity, 20, 58-59,249-50,264-65, 370 Chronicle of Current Events (periodical), 365, 367, 368 Civil War, pogroms and self-defense during, 54, 62-63, 307-9, 315-26, 330-31 class: goal of a multiclass society, 103-4; Ha-Shomer ha-tsa ir and, 122-28, 131-32, 134; Zionism’s general antipathy to middle class, 76; Zionist Right’s support of middle class, 82 Cohen, Yosef, 252,257 Cold War, 14, 364, 366, 370, 372 Committee for the Settlement of Toiling Jews on the Land in the Soviet Union (KOMZET), 349-51 Commune Tel Hai, 345-46, 353, 354-55, 357 Communism, 120,244,253,260-61,263,277,280 communism, 38, 122, 137, 253 Conferences of Russian Zionists, 51-52, 223 Congress Poland: education in, 78; Jews in, 197; migration to, 26; nationalist themes in, 93, 96, 98; Zionist Federation of, 231 Constitutional Democratic Party (Kadets) [Russia], 45, 53, 56, 59 Cossacks, 63, 313, 319 Crimea, Jewish agricultural settlements in, 13-14, 344-58 Daniel, Yuli, 369 Dannenbaum, Henry J., 343, 344
383 Index Daszyński, Ignacy, 234 Davar (newspaper), 125, 211, 318, 319 Dayan, Moshe, 326 Dekel-Chen, Jonathan, 344, 353 democracy: Hasidim and, 184, 188; Israel as, 1; revolutionary Russia and, 45-46, 50-51, 59-61,223-24, 226-27; Second Polish Republic and, 231-32 Denikin (general), 54, 63, 68n58 Derzhavin, Gavriil, Opinion, 47-48 Deutschländer, Rabbi Dr. Shmuel (Leo), 9-10, 143, 145-48, 152-53, 156-57, 159, 167-68, 169nl5; Schem Vajephet, 155 devekut (closeness to God), 180-81, 185, 186-87 Dimanshtein, Semen, 349 Dinur, Ben-Tzion, 320-21 Doar һа-yom (newspaper), 314 Dobkin, Eliyahu, 198, 206, 215nl2 Dostoevsky, Fyodor, 73 Dror group, 205-6 Druyanov, Alter, 29, 278, 279, 286, 296, ՅՕՕոՅՅ, 315, 317 Dubnow, Simon, 6, 19-20, 49, 78,225 Dymshits, Mark, 367 Eastern Europe: characteristics of, 4; Israel influenced by, 1-2; Jewish life in, 4-5; Jewish migration and urbanization in, 23-29; modernity in, 4-5; Yishuv’s connections to, 10-11; Zionism influenced by, 2, 4-5 Eastern European Orthodox Judaism, 148 education: acculturation into nationalism in, 248-49; anti-Semitism in, 249-50, 254; boys’ vs. girls’, 144, 153-54; of girls/women, 9-10, 143-67; of Jews in Poland, 75, 78; languages used in, 75, 78; purpose of, in haredi Judaism, 147, 153-54, 156, 159-62, 164, 167, 172nl30; schooling contrasted with, 153-54, 161; teacher’s role in, 154-56, 162 Eidah Hareidis, 182, 192n42 Ein Harod. See Kibbutz Ein Harod Eldad, Israel, 38 Elkind, Mendel Menahem, 353 Endecja/Endeks, 96, 249, 252, 267n30 Engel, David, 3, 11-12, 87-88 Enlightenment: haredi criticisms of, 10, 147, 148, 150; Russian
embrace of, 5, 20-21, 32-33; socioeconomic goals of, 32-33, 39. See also Haskalah Erez, Yehudah, 324 Esenin-Volpin, Alexander, 365, 367 Eshkol, Levi, 181 ethnonationalism: educational inculcation in, 248-49; Israeli, 84; Polish, 3, 7-8, 12, 75-76, 78, 81-83, 87-108, 228-35,248-49,260; Zionist/Jewish emulation of Polish, 3, 7-8, 12, 75-76, 78, 81-83,87-108,234-38,255,260 Etkind, Alexander, 23 Ettinger, Shmuel, 20 Evreiskaia mysl’ (newspaper), 314 Evreiskaia tribuna (newspaper), 54, 56, 58-61 Evreiskaia zhizri (journal), 50, 52 Evrei v SSSR (periodical), 368 Fabrikant, Alexander, 352 family, 155, 166-67 Fatianov, Nikolai, 121 Faygenberg, Rachel, 288 Federation of Jewish Workers in Palestine. See Histadrut Fedoseyev, Viktor, 368 Feld, Isaac, “There Where the Cedars Are,” 102 Feldberg, Leyzer, 253-54 feminism, 166 Fifth Aliyah, 76, 151, 272, 297 Finshtein, Avraham Asher, 317 First Aliyah, 13, 22, 34-36, 118 First Joint Jewish Detachment, 307, 312 Fischer, Louis, 344 Flesch, Rabbi Dr. Moshe Dovid, 144, 153 Folkspartey (Russia), 49, 225 Folkstsaytung (newspaper), 295 Forverts (newspaper), 311, 314, 315 FO”Sh (Field Companies, or Sadeh’s Compa nies), 327 Fourth Aliyah, 38, 76, 204, 272, 274 Frank, Jacob, 8 Frankel, Jonathan, 118 Frankists, 89, 92, 110nl7 Frayhayt, 293 Freemasonry, 89 Frenkl, K. A., 288 Freud, Sigmund, 187 Friedman, Menachem, 165, 174 Frishman, David, 103, 105 Fuchs, Alexander, 80 Fürst, Juliane, 368 Gabai, Ilya, 365 Galicia: anti-Semitism in, 249; education in, 75, 78; pogroms in, 246; and Polish nationalism, 75, 78, 94-95, 98, 197; Positivism in, 104-5; and
Zionism, 94-95, 102-3, 199-200, 209-10, 212
384 G alili, Klara, 119 Galili, Lasia, 119, 127, 136 Calili, Živa, 8-9, 354 Gammalsvenskby, 356 Garb, Jonathan, 187 Gdud ha-‘avodah, 38, 353-54 Gegenwartsarbeit (work in the present), 49-50, 52, 61,222-23,225,227-28,234 Gekholutz (journal), 345 General Zionism, 93, 211, 222-23, 278,286, 296, 324 Gepshtein, Solomon, 62 Gerer Hasidim, 185-86 Gerer Rebbe, the Imre Emet, 164 Gertz, Nurith: Notfrom Here, 83; An Ocean Between, 73 Gerwarth, Robert, 327 Gilbert, Martin, 363 Gindes, M. F., 62 Glazov, Yuri, 365 Gluzman, Semon, 365 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 146, 160 Goldburt, Yaakov, 322 Gol’de, Yuli, 352 Goldstein, Bernard, 258-59 Golomb, Eliyahu, 135-36, 137 Gorbanevskaia, Natalia, 365 Gordon, Judah Leib, 32 Gordon, Milton M., 49 Gordon, Zeheva, 353 Górka, Olgierd, 228-29, 237, 239ո26 Gorodishche pogram, 314-15, 317 Gorshteyn, Benjamin, 354-55, 357 Górski, Artur, “Young Poland,” 97 Graetz, Heinrich, 78 Great Emigration, 89, 91, 92,107 Grlninke beymelekh (magazine), 280-81 Grower, E. A., 350 Gruenbaum, Yitzhak, 87, 93, 97-100, 105, 107, 197-98,221,226-31,233-34 Grunfeld, Judith (née Rosenbaum), 145, 169nl2 Ha-Adamah (journal), 73 Ha’am, Ahad, 71, 370 Habad Hasidism, 185 Hacohen, Rabbi Israel Meir (Hafetz Hayim), 145, 157 Ha-Das, Machzikei, 179 Haganah, 136-37,256-57, 312, 315, 318, 320, 322,325-30 Hagen, William, 244 Haifa Technion, 79 Index hakhsharah (training), 196, 206,207,210,252, 256-57 Ha-Kibuts ha-artsi, 126, 130-33 Ha-Kibuts һа-me ’uhad (United Kibbutz movement), 11, 126, 130-33, 205, 216n36, 257,283,292,296 Halakhah, 158, 169n8, 179, 182 Halberstam, Rabbi Yekutiel
Yehudah, 181 Halevi, Yehuda, 70 Halperin, Moshe Eliyahu, 289 Ha-Noar ha-Tsioni, 208 Hantke, Arthur, 355 Ha-Olam (newspaper), 51 Ha-Poel, 262 Ha-Po‘el ha-tsa‘ir, 36-37,202 haredi Judaism: attitudes toward modernity, 155-56, 165; attitudes toward science, 148-51, 162; and girls’/women’s education, 9-10, 143-67; historiography of, 10; Tel Aviv and, 157; worldly attitudes toward the Yishuv within, 288-89 Hartglas, Apolinary, 98, 221, 232-35 Ha-Shomer ha-tsa‘ir movement: class concerns of, 122-28,131-32, 134; educational goals of, 121-26, 128, 131, 132; envoys to, 209; fundamental principles of, 9, 119-24; and kibbutzim, 126, 130, 208; origin and growth of, 119; in Palestine, 124-37; and Polish nationalism, 75, 82; Russian vs. Polish factions of, 131; scouting as component of, 120-21, 124, 137-38; and self-defense, 312; socialist ideas in, 121-24, 127; Soviet influences on, 121-24, 127, 129-32, 135-37; sports as component of, 120; Theses of, 121, 122-23,128; and the Yishuv, 293, 295; Zionist foundation of, 120-22,124, 126-30,133,135, 137-38. See also Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir Hasidism: charismatic leadership in, 176-83, 185, 189; and democracy, 184, 188-89; early vs. later, 190n3; elections ofrebbesin, 184; external influences on, 188-89; hereditary leadership in, 10, 174, 176-77, 182-84; heteronomous turn in, 176-77, 186-87; in Hungary, 183-84, 189; institutionalization of, 174-77; in Israel, 174-75, 188; leadership in, 174-90; mashpi im in, 184-86, 189; new settings for, 174; new tzaddikim in, 183-84; nonhereditary leadership in, 175, 184; and politics, 174, 179-80; rebbe’s
changing role in, 176; theory of change in, 187-89; tzaddikim in, 177-83; and the Yishuv, 288; and Zionism, 288-89. See also Belz Hasidim
Index Haskalah. See also Enlightenment: destruction of accomplishments of, 62; Israel in perspective of, 22; and Jewish agriculture, 347; Polish Positivism and, 103-4; in Russia, 48-49, 62; schooling as transmission of knowledge of, 154; socioeconomic goals of, 33, 48-49 Hasmonean (student society), 102, 103 Ha-Tsefirah (newspaper), 179 Haynt (newspaper), 211,256,271,295 Hazan, Ya’acov, 130 Hazanov, Alexander, 370 Не-Avar (journal), 322 Hebbel, Christian Friedrich, 146 Hebei, Johann Peter, 160 Hebraism, 278, 281 Hebrew Fighters Party, 38 Hebrew language, 22, 30, 75, 80, 105, 120, 196, 223, 306, 368 Hebrew University ofJerusalem, 79, 83 Heffner, Avraham, 74-75; Kolel ha-kol, 74 He-Haluts, 194-214; envoys to, 198-99, 204-6, 208-13, 277-79, 290-94; growth and instability of, 200-201, 204-5; and immigra tion, 78-79, 80,203-4,210,279,289-94, 345; intracommunal violence involving, 263; the Joint and, 344-45; and kibbutz ideology, 205-10; and labor movement, 202, 209-11; leadership of, 198-99, 205, 208-9; legal vs. illegal, 345; membership of, 78, 80, 200-201, 203, 208, 290-91, 294-95, 345; organizational model of, 11, 213; in Palestine, 201-2; in Poland, 11, 196-201,204-8; and politics, 209-12; Russian origins of, 78, 83, 196, 199-200, 345; and self-defense, 307; Soviet persecution of, 346, 354-57; training farms of, 345, 349, 353-55; worldly attitudes toward the Yishuv within, 289-97; world organ ization of, 198, 202-4 Heller, Daniel, 81, 82, 88, 93, 255 Helsingfors Program, 51, 52, 64, 223-27, 231-32, 234-35 Helsinki Accords, 363 Hertz, Aleksander, 243-44 Herut (newspaper),
324 Herzl, Theodor, 49, 95, 97, 120, 195,224,225 Heylperin, Israel, Sefer ha-gevurah, 320 Hibbat Zion, 25, 33, 35,41nl6,49, 71 Hildesheimer, Rabbi, 151 Hirsch, Maurice de, 372 Hirsch, Rabbi Samson Raphael, 144-48, 150-53, 158-59, 162-64, 169n8; The 385 Foundations of Education, 148; Jahreswende, 148 Histadrut: Ahdut ha-‘avodah and, 127; and the Arabs, 135-36; Ben-Gurion and, 122; establishment of, 202; and Gdud-ha-‘avodah, 353-54; Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir and, 125, 127; kibbutzim and, 130; and Soviet Union, 346. See also Ahdut ha-‘avodah Party Hitler, Adolf, 179 Holocaust: Beit Yaakov schools impacted by, 147, 157; Crimean Jewish colonies destroyed by, 344; heroism and resistance related to, 320; memorialization of, 317, 325; Polish Jews in Palestine after, 83, 84; refugees from, 39; self-defense narratives validated by, 308 Hoover, Herbert, 347 Horne, John, 327 Horowitz, Brian, 38 Horowitz, David, 70-71 Hovevei Zion, 104 human rights, 14, 362-64, 367-69, 373 Hungary, Hasidism in, 183-84, 189 Hussein-McMahon Correspondence, 63 Idelsohn, Abraham, 45, 50-53 Imber, Naftali Herz, 87 immigrants/immigration: aliyot compared to Russian migrations and settlements, 5-6, 24-25; He-Haluts’s sponsorship of, 80, 196, 200, 203-4, 210, 279, 289-94, 345; memories of the motherland, 71; motivations of, 70-71, 286-87, 288; to Palestine, 195-96, 210, 272; Zionist limits on, 313. See also Polish Jews in Palestine/Israel; Russian Jews in Palestine/ Israel Immigration Restriction Act (US), 357 Irgun, 256, 326-27, 329 Iskhod (periodical), 368 Iskoz, Lasia. See Galili, Lasia Israel: Beit Yaakov
schools in, 156-68; Eastern European features of, 1-2; ethnonationalism in, 84; Hasidism in, 174-75, 188; historiogra phy of, 8; Polish Jews in, 39; Russian Jews in, 21, 39-40; self-defense narratives validated by, 308; Soviet influence in, 37-40; Soviet Jews in, 364; and the West, 1,14 Israel Defense Forces, 181, 324 Israeli Labor Movement, 73 lton (periodical), 368 Itzkovich, Volodya, 136 Izraelita (newspaper), 100
386 Index Jabotinsky, Vladimir, 29, 38-39,45-46, 50, 52-53, 56, 63-64, 81-82, 255, 259, 262-63, 306, 325, 328-29, 345; The Five, 30; Samson, 82 Jackson-Vanik Amendment, 364 Jakubowicz, Hanna, 247 Jedlicki, Jerzy, 244 Jewish Battalions of the British Army, 325-26 Jewish Colonization Association, 372 Jewish Committee (Russia), 47 Jewish Freedom Fighters, 38 Jewish labor movement: and the Arabs, 133-36; He-Haluts and, 202, 209-11; Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir and, 126-30; and Poland, 79; Soviet influence on, 36-38, 125-30. See also Histadrut; Israeli Labor Movement; Labor Zionism; Mapai Jewish Legion, 45, 53, 307, 345 Jewish National Fund, 278 Jewish People’s Group (Russia), 49, 56 Jewish Question, 47, 54, 58-59 Jewish Scientific Institute. See YIVO Institute for Jewish Research Jewish Statute (Russia, 1804), 48 Jews: discrimination against, 51, 72, 231, 240n40; negative views of, 5, 25, 47-48, 51; passivity/weakness ascribed to, 247, 250-52, 256, 261, 262, 265, 268n50, 283, 303n81, 305-6, 309, 314, 317; reform of, 32-34; self-esteem of, 51-52; and Soviet dissident movement, 14, 362-73; statelessness of, 8, 51, 88-93; as target of violence, 244-50, 252-56; “useful,” 5, 32, 47-48, 347; and the West, 5, 22, 57; Western migration of, 26, 39, 40, 364. See also anti-Semitism Jeż, Teodor Tomasz, Nad rzekami Babilonu, 96 Joint. Sce American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee Joselowicz, Berek, 92 Kabbalah, 89, 95 Kadets. See Constitutional Democratic Party Kálmán, Mihály, 12-13 Kaminskaia, Dina, 365 Karelitz, Rabbi Avraham Yesha’ayah (Hazon Ish), 159 Karpowicz, Michal, 92 Kasprowicz,
Jan, “Them and Us,” 101 Katz, Jacob, 177 Katznelson, Beri, 9, 117, 125, 128, 130-31, 132 Kelner, Yehuda, 263-64 Khatskels, Helena, 280-82 Der Khaver (magazine), 280-81 Kibbutz Ein Harod, И, 130,216ո36,278, 283, 294 Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir, 8-9, 124-38; and the Arabs, 133-37; documentation concern ing, 118-19; and kibbutzim federations, 126, 130-33; locations of, 124; members’ self-questioning in, 125-26; opposition to, from Jews in Palestine, 125; and politics, 126-30, 132; Russianness of, 117-18, 125; Soviet influences on, 129-32, 135-36, 138. See also Ha-Shomer ha-tsa‘ir movement kibbutz ideology, 205-10 Kijek, Kamil, 12, 75, 88, 98 Kirszrot, Jan, 98 Kisch, F. H., 356 Klausner, Josef, 224-25, 227 Klein, Rabbi Menashe, 184 Kleinman, Moshe, 63, 235-36 Kligsberg, Moshe, 261-62 Klinov, Yeshayahu, 323 Klosova Kibbutz, 205-8,210 Kohen, Roza, 312 kolkhozes (collective farms), 351-53 Kombund, 263 KOMZET. See Committee for the Settlement of Toiling Jews on the Land in the Soviet Union Kopelev, Lev, 365 Korolenko, Vladimir, 58 Korzhavin (Mandel), Naum, 366 Kosciusko uprising, 92, 101 Kotljarchuk, Andrej, 356 Kovne Kinder-hoyz, 280, 281 Kowalski, Kazimierz, 254 Kowel Kibbutz, 252 Krasin, Viktor, 365 Kresy, 197 Krichevskii, Avraham, 329 Kruk, Joseph, 96, 98, 100, 105 Kula, Marcin, 282, 284 Kulisher, A., 60-61 kulturniki, 368-69, 371 Kuntres (journal), 314 Kurier Polski (newspaper), 92 Kuznetsov, Eduard, 366, 367 kvitlekh (petitions), 179, 191n20 labor. See Histadrut; Israeli Labor Movement; Jewish labor movement; Labor Zionism; Mapai Labor Bloc, 211-12 Labor Zionism, 37, 49,
140n42, 213, 263, 325
Index Landespolitik (domestic politics), 222-24, 234-35. See also Gegenwarsarbeit languages: in Beit Yaakov curriculum, 146; in Palestine, 80 Larin, Yuri, 351 Lasko, Shmuel Haskel, 253, 254 League for the Attainment of Equal Rights for the Jewish People in Russia, 225 League for Working Palestine, 263 League of Nations, 203 Lecke, Mirija, 30 Lehi/Stern Gang, 38, 81 Lehmann, Rabbi Dr. Marcus (Meyer), 146, 153 Lehmann, Siegfried, 280, 281 Leibowitz, Rabbi Boruch Ber, 164 Lenin, Vladimir, 122, 125 Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim, 146 Lestchinsky, Yankev, 254-55, 256, 262 Levin, Yitzhak Meir, 181 Levinson, Abraham, 323 Levitah, Loveh, 276-77, 283, 294-96 Levitin-Krasnov, Anatolii, 366 liberalism, 45-46, 49, 53, 56-61 Liberman, Lyova, 121-22 Likud Party, 38 Lilienblum, Moses Leib, 32, 373 Lishkat ha-Kesher, 364 literature: Jewish motifs in Polish, 8; Jewish urbanization and, 28-30; nationalist themes in, 93-101; representations of Poland in, 74-75; representations of Russia in, 7, 73-74 Lithuanian culture, 87-88, 107-8. See also Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Litvinov, Maxim, 365 Litvinov, Pavel, 365 Liubarskii, Samuil Efimovich, 348-49, 352, 356 Liubarskii, Syoma, 136 Love of Zion movement, 3 luxury, 156 Maccabees, 91-92, 101-3, 311 Maccabi sports clubs, 119, 120, 262 Maggid of Kozhnitz, 178 Maggid of Mezeritch, 178 Mandate Palestine. See British Mandate Palestine Mapai (Palestine Labor Party), 36, 137, 209, 212 Marinetti, Filippo, 246 Markish, Peretz, Di kupe, 315 marriage, 155, 167 Marshak, Benny, 206 Marshall, Louis, 349-50 387 Marxism, 118,121-23,134 mashpi im (fervent
preachers), 10, 175, 184-86, 189 maskilim (enlightened Jews), 32, 48 Medem, Vladimir, 373 Medvedovskii, Itskhak-Zelig, 328 Meerson-Aksenov, Mikhail, 366 Men, Alexander, 366 Mendelsohn, Ezra, 88, 194, 250-51, 274 Merezhin, Avrom, 349 messianism, 89-90, 92-93 Mickiewicz, Adam, 8, 89-93, 95, 99, 106, 110nl7, 260; “The Forefathers,” 95; Pan Tadeusz, 90, 105 Midrashi, Yaakov, 319, 320, 323, 324 Milikowsky, Rebbe Ya’akov Aryeh (Amshinover Rebbe), 178, 181-83, 185, 189 military and militarization: controversy over, in British Mandate Palestine, 325-26, 328-29; Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir and, 136; symbolic value of, 259, 325, 328; Zionism and, 45-46, 64, 82,256-57 Miliukov, Pavel, 56, 60-61 Minkowski, Shmuel and Haya, 252 Mitnagdim, 177 Mizrachi, 93, 208, 247, 253 Młoda Judea (journal), 97 modernity/modernism: in Eastern Europe, 4-5; haredi Judaism and, 155-56, 165; Palestine and, 22; political, 244-45, 248, 255-56, 259, 265; violence associated with, 243-46, 255-56, 262, 264; the West and, 4; women and,165 Molisak, Alina, 99-100 Moment (newspaper), 211, 271, 295 Mordekhai, Rabbi (brother of Rebbe Aharon Rokeach), 178 Mordekhai, Rebbe, of Lekhovitch, 178 Morgenshtern, Yitshok-Zelig (Sokolover Rebbe), 289, 303n72 Morgenstern, Rabbi Yitzhok Meir, 185 Moscow Committee for Human Rights, 367, 369 Moscow Terbrigada, 120 Moss, Kenneth, 12 Motzkin, Leo, 223-24 multinational statehood, 45, 52, 57-58, 60-61, 223-27, 231-32, 234-35 Nabokov, Vladimir D., 58 Nabokov, Vladimir V., 58 Nachlath Z’wi (journal), 152
388 Nahman, Rabbi, of Breslev, 185 Narodniks, 118 Narutowicz, Gabriel, 246 Nasz Przegląd (newspaper), 99 Nathans, Benjamin, 13, 48 National Democratic Party (Poland), 252, 254 national indifférence, 300ո21 nationalism: Jewish influence on Polish, 7-8; Romantic, 81-82, 89, 99-100, 107. See also ethnonationalism National Land Fund, 120 National League, 96 Natkovich, Svetlana, 28 Dos nayevort (newspaper), 254 Nazis, 179,210,257 Neo-Orthodox Judaism, 143, 151-53, 155, 158, 160, 168 neo-Romanticism, 97-100, 102-3 NEP. See New Economic Policy New Age trends, 189 New Economic Policy (NEP; Soviet Union), 345, 350 New Hebrews, 306 New Jews, 32-34, 37, 76, 82,207,283 New Soviet Man, 123 new tzaddikim, 10, 175, 183-84 Nicholas I, Tsar, 20, 48, 347 Nicholas II, Tsar, 35, 224 Ninburg, Shterna, 355 1905 Revolution, 36, 47, 49-51, 223-26 non-Zionists, attitudes toward the Yishuv, 271, 274, 279-87, 295 Nordau, Max, 259 Norwid, Ciprian, 99 Nossig, Alfred, 104-5 Nowogrodzki, Emanuel, 258 Nusah Sefarad, 183 Obóz Narodowo-Radykalny (ONR; National Radical Camp), 257 Obshchee delo (newspaper), 54 Odessa, 24,26-27, 30-31, 39 Odessa Druzhina, 324, 325, 327, 328 Odessa Group, 327-29 Oleszkiewicz (Russian mystic), 89 Ordener-grupe, 257, 258-59 Order of Ancient Maccabeans, 102 Ordonówna, Hanka, 80 Orlean, Rabbi Yehuda Leib, 10, 147-57, 159-62, 165-68; Der Farshvundene Gan-Eiden, 156; Yidish lebn, 155 Orshanskii, Iľia, 48 Index Orthodox Judaism. See haredi Judaism Orzeszkowa, Eliza, 105; Minala, 101 Oz, Amos, 74; A Tale ofLove and Darkness, 77-78 Pale of Settlement, 5,26, 33, 35 Palestine: Arabs’
place in, 63-64; culture in, 30-31, 34-35; He-Haluts in, 201-2; historiography of, 8; Jewish resettlement in, 6; modernity and, 22; national culture in, 21-22; the New Jew reform discourse in, 33-34, 37, 76; Polish Jews in, 7, 74-77, 79-81; political viewpoints in, 35-39; Russian Jews in, 7, 71-73. See also British Mandate Palestine; Yishuv Palestine Communist Party (PCP), 37-38 Palestine Labor Party. See Mapai Palestinian Arab Revolt (1936). See Arab Revolt (1936) Palmach (Shock Troops), 327 Paris, Jewish liberals in, 56-60 Pasmanik, Daniel, 6-7,45-46, 50, 52-56, 58, 60, 62-63 Pasqualis, Martinez, 89 Pat, Yaakov, 327-28 Patriotic Union of Russian Jews, 62 Payne, Stanley G., 244 Peretz, Isaac Leib, 29, 103; “Bontshe Shvayg,” 292,303n81 Peshkova, Ekaterina, 354 Petliura, Symon, 54, 314 Piast Party, 240n31,240n40 Piekarz, Mendel, 176, 177, 302n71, 303n72 Piłsudski, Józef, 81-82,197,272 Pines, Dan, 311, 345 Pinsker, Leon, 51, 373 Plekhanov, Georgi, 36 Poalei Agudath Israel, 147 Poalei Zion, 36-37, 49, 94, 118, 122, 124, 130, 140n42, 324. See also Ahdut ha-‘avodah Party Poalei Zion Left, 128, 129,263 Poalei Zion Right, 263 Poalei Zion Shtern, 262 Podlishewski, Abraham, 87 Podvoiskii, N. I., 120 pogroms: Boguslav pogram, 314-15; Gorodishche pogram, 314-15, 317; memorialization of, 317-18; in Odessa, 24, 49; in Palestine, 312-13; perpetrators of, 54-55, 62, 67n52, 67n53; in Poland, 246, 252-54; Przytyk pogrom, 252-54, 256; self-defense in response to, 120, 126-27, 252-54, 307-16;
Index Tolstoy on, 58; in Ukraine and Russia, 6-7, 12-13,120, 313-16; Whites’ involvement in, 54-55, 62-63; Zionism transformed by, 62-65 Poland: anti-Semitism in, 8, 75, 78, 79, 82, 244-45,249-57,264-65, 273,287-88; Beit Yaakov schools in, 144-57; domestic orientation of Zionists in, 231-32; economic depression in, 273, 286-88; emigration from, 79-80; ethnonationalism in, 3, 7-8, 12, 75-76, 78, 81-83, 87-108,228-35,248-49, 260; He-Haluts in, 11,196-201,204-8; Jewish influence on nationalism in, 7-8, 88-93, 106-7; Jews’ negative attitudes toward, 72-73; kibbutzim in, 205-8; and multina tional statehood, 231-32, 234-35; nationalist literature of, 93-101; Second Republic, 75, 88, 101, 194, 200, 228-38, 248, 255; state as national property in, 228-35; statelessness as theme in, 88-93, 95, 97; violence in, 12; Yishuv’s influence on Jews in, 11, 12, 194, 208-14, 271-97; Yishuv’s memories of, 74-77; Zionism in, 3, 7-8, 11-12, 78-79, 87-108, 196-98,209-14,221-23, 231-35,256, 271-97, ՅՕՕոՅՅ. See also Congress Poland Polish-Bolshevik War, 246 Polish Institute, Tel Aviv, 84 Polish Jews in Palestine/Israel: as Certificate Immigrants, 79-81, 83; correspondence from, 282-83; diversity of, 12; images of Poland in minds of, 7, 74-77, 83-84; in interwar period, 72; negative attitudes toward, 74, 76-77; post-World War II, 39; Russian Jews compared to, 7, 76. See also Yishuv Polish language, 99-100 Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 26. See also Lithuanian culture Polishness, 72-73, 76-77, 83, 87 Polish Socialist Party, 234, 257 Polish-Soviet War, 247 Polish-Ukrainian War, 246 politiki, 368-69,
371 Polonization, 72, 75, 77, 84, 95, 96, 98, 101-3, 105 Pomerants, Grigorii, 365 Pomerantz, Beri, 97 Pompolit, 354 Poniatowski, Stanisław August, 26 Popov, Vladimir Alekseevich, 120 Porush, Menachem, 157 Porush, Moshe, 157 Positivism, 103-5 389 Poślednie novosti (newspaper), 56 Prague Spring, 370 Prawer, Joshua, 80 Prokop-Janiec, Eugenia, 95 Prus, Bolesław, 105 PrzyslosÇ (journal), 101 Przytyk pogrom, 256 Rabinowitz, Yosef, 257 race and racism, 47 Rakhlis, Yankev, 305, 310-11 Rapaport (An-ski), Shlomo, 373 Rashi, 146 Rassvet (Berlin and Paris, newspaper), 60-64, 328 Rassvet (St. Petersburg, newspaper), 45, 50-52, 55 Ratner, Yohanan, 325-26 Red Army, 55, 121, 136-37, 313, 326-27 refuseniks, 14, 362-73 Reich, Leon, 221 Reiss, Anshel, 94-96,100 Renner, Karl, 52, 122 Reshumot (journal), 315 Revisionist Movement, 38, 81, 88, 93, 211, 253, 255, 256, 259-60, 263, 277, 324-26, 328-29. See also Betar youth movement rights: civil, 362-64; human, 14, 362-64, 367-69, 373; women’s, 155, 166 rights defenders, 14, 362-73 rituals, Zionist, 101-3 Rocznik Żydowski (annual), 95 Rokeach, Rabbi Yissachar Dov, 144 Rokeach, Rebbe Aharon, of Belz, 178-81 Romantic literature, 93-94, 98-99. See also neo-Romanticism Romantic nationalism, 81-82, 89, 99-100, 107 Rosen, Joseph, 344, 347-48, 352, 354-57 Rosenberg, James N., 349-50, 355 Rosenblit, Felix, 356 Rosenfeld, Rebbe Aharon, 184 Rosenheim, Jacob, 147 Rosmarin, Henryk, 221 Rotenstreich, Fiszel, 221 Rotfarb, Abraham, 261 Rowe, Leonard, 259 Rozental, Aharon, 317, 320, 328 Rozental, Eliezer David, 317-18 Rubashov (Shazar), Zalman, 211 Rubin, Vitalii,
366, 367, 370, 373 Rul (journal), 59 Ruppin, Arthur, 352
390 Russia: agricultural resettlement projects of, 5-6, 24; anti-Semitism in, 5, 62, 72; Civil War in, 54, 62-63, 307-9, 315-26, 330; domestic orientation of Zionists in, 51, 223-28; ethnic groups’ relationships to, 46-47; Jewish life in, 4-5,20; Jewish migration from, 23-26, 40; Jews’ literary representations of, 7; Jews’ status in, 6, 46-49, 55-60, 64; and multinational statehood, 45, 52, 57-58, 60-61, 223-27; pogroms in, 6-7,12-13; urbanization in, 26-29; and the West, 20; Yishuv influenced by imperial environment of, 21-23, 30-40; Zionism in, 46,49-53, 71,196-98,223-28, 346; Zionist idealization of, 72 Russian Jews in Palestine/Israel: images of Russia in minds of, 7, 71-73, 83; in 1970s, 39-40; Polish Jews compared to, 7, 76; present-day, 21. See also Yishuv Russianness, 72, 73, 76, 117-18, 125 Russian Revolution: Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa’ir and, 9; liberal hopes for, 45-46; Third Aliyah influenced by, 118; Yishuv and, 7; and Zionism, 11, 45-46, 121. See also 1905 Revolution Russian Zionist Organization, 45, 49-53, 64 Russification, 33, 47, 98, 105 Sadeh, Yitzhak, 312, 326-27 Sagiv, Gadi, 188-89 Saint Martin, Claude de, 89 Sakharov, Andrei, 365-67, 369 Samooborona (journal), 308-10 Samunov, I., 61-62 Sanacja regime, 273 Schechtman, Joseph, 46, 53, 56, 60-64 Schenirer, Sarah, 143-47, 152-53, 156-57, 159 Schiller, Friedrich, 146,160 Schneerson, Menahem Mendel (Tzemah Tzedek), 177 Scholem, Gershom, 177 Schutzbund, 258 Schwarzbard, Scholem, 314 Schwarzbart, Ignacy, 221 science, haredi attitudes toward, 148-51, 162 scouting, 120-21, 124 Second Aliyah, 13, 36, 71, 73, 118,
307-8 Second Polish Republic, 75, 88, 101, 194, 200, 228-38,248,255 secular studies, haredi attitudes toward, 148, 153, 158, 160, 162-65, 167 Index self-defense, 305-31; Bund and, 253, 257-59, 263; in Diaspora vs. Land of Israel, 305-6, 311—12, 315, 321-23, 330; generational component of, 253-54; historical models of, 305-7, 311, 319; interpersonal connections in, 327-29; memorialization of, 316-25, 330; military training and, 256-57; participants in, 253; passive resistance contrasted to, 251,256, 305-6, 314, 317; psychological transformation regarding, 309-11; in response to pogroms, 120, 136-37, 252-54, 307-16; in Russia, 326; Third Aliyah veterans of, 306-8, 313-17, 321-22, 330-31; in Ukraine, 313-20, 323-24; valorization of, 254, 257-59, 305-8, 328; the Yishuv and, 12-13, 312-13; Zionism and, 305-7, 311 Shabtai, Yaakov, 74 Shach, Rabbi El’azar Menahem, 182 Shadmi, Nahum, 311-12, 326, 328-30 Shalev, Meir, Roman Rust, 73 Shamir, Yitzhak, 38 Shapira, Anita, 7, 11, 118, 358 Shapira, Rabbi, 247 Sharansky, Anatolii (Natan), 366, 367, 370, 373 Sharot, Steven, 177 Shavit, Yaacov, 11, 88, 93, 277 Shazar, Zalman. See Rubashov (Shazar), Zalman Shazkin, Lazar, 122 Shimoni, Yuval, Kav ha-melakh, 73 shlihim (emissaries), 251, 255, 277, 283,290-94 Shma po’el! (newspaper), 135 Shragin, Boris, 365 Shumsky, Dmitry, 102, 363 Shurer, Chaim, 210 Sienkiewicz, Henryk, 81; The Flood, 97, 248-49; With Fire and Sword, 13, 97 Silber, Marcos, 7-8 Sinai War (1956), 181 Singer, Isaac Bashevis, 74-75 Sinyavsky, Andrei, 369 Sivan, Emmanuel, 316 Six-Day War, 363, 368 Ślepak, Vladimir, 366 Slutsky,
Yehuda, 50, 320-23 Smidovich, Petr, 349, 356 Social Democratic Party (Austria), 258 Social Democratic Party (Russia), 36 socialism, Ha-Shomer ha-tsa‘ir and, 121-24, 127 Socialist Revolutionary Party (Russia), 36 socialist Zionism: and agrarian socialism, 33; Bolshevik influences on, 9; He-Haluts and, 199, 208; international network of, 199; and
Ja Index labor movement, 49, 140n42,209; and Palestine, 202, 346-47; and Polish national ism, 93; and Yishuv’s influence on Poland, 11 society of scholars, 143, 160, 165-67, 168n3, 174, 190nl Sokolow, Nahum, 88, 104-5, 313 Solovyov, Vladimir, 58-59 Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr, 365 Sommerstein, Emil, 221 Sorin, N., 60 Sorotzkin, Rabbi Zalman, 171n87 Soviet Friendship League, 38 Soviet Union: anti-Semitism in, 365; dissident movement in, 14, 362-73; Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir influenced by, 121-24, 127, 129-32, 135-37; Israel influenced by, 37-40; Jewish agricultural settlements in, 13-14, 343-58; Jewish emigration from, in 1970s, 363-73; Jewish identity in, 33-34; Jews in, 362-73; Zionism in, 14, 118-24, 354-57 sports, 261-62 Springer, Rudolf, 122 Stalin, Joseph, 20, 122 Stand, Adolf, 95,104 Stattler, Wojciech, The Maccabees, 91 Stem Gang. See Lehi/Stern Gang Stiftel, Shoshana, 88, 104 Stöckel, Ludwik, 249 Świętochowski, Alexander, 105 Szczeransky, Rabbi Benjamin, 164-65; Iggeret Latalmidim, 164 Szczeransky, Rabbi Meri, and Szczeransky Seminary, 157-59, 164, 171n87 Szymanowska, Celina, 89, 92 Szymanowska, Maria, 92 Tabenkin, Yitzhak, 128, 130, 132, 205-7, 209-10 Takao, Chizuko, 13, 372 Tal Hai, 319 Talmon, Jacob, 80, 107 Talmud, women’s study of, 158, 172nl30 Tarbut/Kul’tura (periodical), 368 Tarbut schools, 75, 78-79, 83, 278, 291, 296 Tchernichovsky, Shaul, 29 Tehomi, Avraham, 328-29 Tel Aviv, 6, 29-32, 76-77, 80, 157, 164 Telesin, Julius, 366 Tel Hai, 306-7, 323 Tenenbaum, Josef, 99, 102, 232,234 Tenenboym, Rebbe Haim, 288 Third Aliyah, 13, 36, 118, 306, 307, 313, 317, 321, 324,
325, 353 391 Thon, Ozjasz, 221 Thon, Yehoshua Ozjasz, 95,256 Tolstoy, Leo, 58 Torah: Beit Yaakov schools and, 143, 144, 146-48, 150, 152-53, 155-59, 167; men’s study of, 10, 143,154, 160, 164-67, 168n3,174, 190nl; women’s study of, 144-45,154, 157-58, 165-66,169n8 Torah im Derekh Eretz, 143, 144, 146-48, 150-53, 155-57, 159-60, 162-64, 167 Towiański, Andrzej, 90, 92 tractors, 344, 348, 351 transnational history, 2 Trivush, Israel, 324 Trumpeldor, Joseph, 82, 306-7, 312, 316, 319, 345 Trumpeldor Gdud ha-’avodah, 70 Tseitlin, Yasha, 366 Tsukerman, Boris, 365 Tsukunft-shturem, 258-59, 294 Tsurumi, Taro, 6-7 tzaddikim, 10, 175, 177-83. See also new tzaddikim UDHR. See Universal Declaration of Human Rights Ukraine, 12, 13, 49, 120, 205-6, 308-11, 313-20, 323-24, 344 Ulanovskaia, Maia, 366 ultra-Orthodoxy. See ¿eredi Judaism; Hasidism Umansky, Grisha, 366 Ungvar Hasidism, 184 United Jewish Campaign, 344, 350 United Kibbutz Movement. See Ha֊Kibuts ha-me’uhad United Palestine Appeal, 344 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), 362, 363, 367, 368, 371 urbanization, 26-32, 76 Urieli, Zekharyah, 327 Uris, Leon, Exodus, 368 Urisson, I. S., 350 Ury, Scott, 28 Ussishkin, Menahem, 50 Vacilevskii, Il’ia M., 59-60 Vail, Petr, 365 Vainshtein, Grigorii, 328 Vidrovits, Leah, 279 Vilna Yiddishism, 284-85 Vilnius, 26-27, 39 Vinaver, Maxim, 6, 46, 49, 53-54, 56, 58-59, 62
392 Index violence, 243-65; acculturation into, 248-50, 264-65; Arab-Jewish (1929), 136-37, 272, 275-77, 280-81, 329; effects of, on Jewish youth, 12, 245-65; feelings of weakness/ helplessness as response to, 247, 250; intracommunal, 262-64; Jewish countervio lence to, 250-56, 265; Jewish militarization and, 256-61; Jews as target of, 244-50, 252-56, 273; modernity associated with, 243-46, 255-56, 262, 264; in Poland, 12; in political culture of Jewish youth, 243-46, 260, 262-65; projection of strength as response to, 251-52, 254, 257-62, 265; valorization of, 243-44,246, 256-62,265. See also pogroms; youth, effects of violence on Voinovich, Vladimir, 365 Volkov, Shulamit, 249 Voronel, Alexander, 366, 369-70, 373 Voronel, Nina, 366 Dos Von (newspaper), 211 Voskhod (journal), 56 Vrechlickÿ, Juroslav, Bar Kokhba, 102 Vsevobuch, 120, 136 Walzer, Michael, 89 Wandering Jew, 102 Wapiński, Roman, 244 Warburg, Felix, 357 Warsaw, 26-27, 39 Warsaw Positivism, 103-5 Weber, Max, 177 Weinerman, Eli, 47 Weinreich, Max, 297 Weiss, Yfaat, 88 Weizmann, Chaim, 197, 209, 223, 313, 355 Die Welt (newspaper), 51 Western Europe/the West: Hellenistic ideals of, 55; Israel’s relationship to, 1, 14; Jews’ migration to, 26, 39, 40; Jews’ relationship to, 5, 22, 57; liberalism associated with, 49; modernity and, 4; Russia’s relationship to, 20; Zionism’s relationship to, 4 White Army, 54-56, 62 Wieśniak, Jan, 253 Wiesel, Elie, 363 Winter, Jay, 316 Witos, Wincenty, 240ո31 Witte, Sergei, 57-58, 60 Wolf, Rabbi YosefAvraham, and Wolf Seminary, 156-57, 159-67; Ha-tekufah u-ve’ayoteha, 160 Wolff, Larry, 4
Wolfson, Rabbi Moshe, 185-86 women/girls: education of, 9-10, 77, 143-67; employment of, 166; fictitious marriages of, 79-80; gender role of, 155, 165-66; and modernity, 165; modesty of, 155; rights of, 155; stereotypes of Polish, 77-78; support provided by, for society of scholars, 10, 143, 160, 164-67; Talmud study by, 158,172nl30; Torah study by, 144-45, 154, 157-58,165-66 World Jewish Aid Congress, 310 World Organization of Ha-Shomer ha-tsa‘ir, 131, 133 World Organization of He-Haluts, 198, 202-4 World War I, 19-20, 53, 196,246, 321 World War II, 179 World Zionist Organization, 49, 51, 355 Wrangel (general), 63, 68n58 Wyspiański, Stanislaw, The Wedding, 97 Ya’ari, Me’ir, 130 Yakir, Evgenii, 369 Yakir, Petr, 365, 369 Yalkut Vohlin (journal), 325 Yatziv, Yitzhak, 117 Yedies (journal), 211 Yellin-Мог, Nathan, 38 Yevsektsiia, 346, 354, 357 Yezernitsky-Shamir, Yitzhak, 81 Yiddish, 34, 35, 75, 80,223,285 Yishuv: Ashkenazim as gatekeepers of, 306; demography of, 195; East European connections to, 10-11; historiography of, 8; imperial Russia as influence on, 21-23, 30-40; memories of Poland, 7, 74-77, 83-84; mythologizing of, 274, 275, 278-79, 296; non-Zionist attitudes toward, 271, 274, 279-87, 295; Poland’s Jews in relation to, 11, 12, 72, 194, 208-14, 271-97; practical interest in life in, 273-75, 283, 287-97; Russia idealized by, 7, 73-74, 83; Russian Revolu tion’s effect on, 7, 72; and self-defense, 13, 305-31; Tel Aviv elite and, 6; Zionist relations with, 274, 277-79. See also Palestine; Polish Jews in Palestine/Israel; Russian Jews in Palestine/Israel Yisroel, Rebbe,
ofRuzhin, 178 YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, 75, 246, 251,262,265,284 Yizkor books, 317, 325, 330 Yona, Rona, 11 yordim, 279 Young Poland movement, 96
Index youth, effects of violence on, 12, 245-65; acculturation into violence, 248-50, 264-65; counterviolence of the Jews, 250-56, 265; feelings of weakness/helplessness, 247, 250; intracomraunal violence, 262-64; militariza tion, 256-61; politics and, 256-64; sports, 261-62; strength as ideal, 251-52, 254, 257-62, 265; war as contributing factor, 246-48 Zahra, Tara, 300n21 Zangwill, Israel, 344 Zeire Zion, 323-24 zemstvo (local government) movement, 49 Zerubavel, Gilad, 320 Zerubavel, Yaakov, 306 Zilberberg, Rabbi Zvi Mayer, 185, 186 Zinger, Yisrael, 344 Zionism: and agricultural colonies in Crimea, 353-54; cultural concerns of, 224; domestic vs. Palestinian orientations in, 51-53, 222-28, 231-32, 256; Eastern European features of, 2, 4-5; growth of, 200, 209; Ha-Shomer ha-tsa‘ir and, 120-22, 124, 126-30, 133, 135, 137-38; Hasidism and, 288-89; He~Haluts and, 11, 78-79, 194-214; historiography of, 3-4, 8, 22-23, 51,195,272,274, 305, 330; instability of, 200; and kibbutz movement, 11; liberalism vs., 60-61; Litvak influence on, 87-88, 107-8; mashilic roots of, 48; militariza tion of, 45-46, 64, 82; mononational ideal of, 224, 227, 234-38, 241n50; pogroms’ transformation of, 62-65; in Poland, 3, 7-8, 393 11-12, 78-79, 87-108, 196-98,209-14, 221-23, 231-35, 256, 271-97, ՅՕՕոՅՅ; Polish ethnonationalism and, 3, 7-8, 12, 75-76, 78, 81-83, 87-108, 234-38; Polish literature’s influence on, 93-101; political engagement of, 272; Positivism’s influence on, 103-5; proprietary, 236-37; rituals of, 101-3; in Russia, 46, 49-53, 71, 196-98,223-28, 346; Russia idealized in, 72; Russian
Revolution’s effect on, 11, 45-46, 121; and self-defense, 13, 305-7, 311; in Soviet Union, 14, 118-24, 354-57; synthetic, 50; Tel Aviv as center for, 31; transnational network of, 199; and violence, 12; and the West, 4; Yishuv in the imagination of, 274, 277-79. See aho General Zionism; Labor Zionism; socialist Zionism; Zionist Left; Zionist Right Zionist Executive, 130, 135, 197, 203, 356 Zionist Federation of Congress Poland, 231 Zionist Labor Movement. See Labor Zionism Zionist Left, 11, 34, 79, 82, 93, 209-11,253,263 Zionist Organization (ZO), 195-97, 203, 209, 211-13, 221-23,225,235 Zionist Organization of America, 344 Zionist Organization of London, 356 Zionist Popular Democratic Fraction, 223 Zionist Press Bureau, 231 Zionist Right, 38, 81-83, 88,209 Zionist Scouting Youth, 133 Zionist Socialist Party, 127 ZO. See Zionist Organization Zweig, Stefan, 146 Życia (newspaper), 97
|
| adam_txt |
CONTENTS Introduction Kenneth B. Moss, Benjamin Nathans, and Taro Tsurumi 1 Part I. Imperial and National Crucibles Chapter 1. “Little Russia” in Palestine? Imperial Past, National Future (1860-1948) Israel Bartai Chapter 2. From Hyphenated Jews to Independent Jews: The Collapse of the Russian Empire and the Change in the Relationship Between Jews and Others Taro Tsurumi 19 45 Chapter 3. Jewish Palestine and Eastern Europe: I Am in the East and My Heart Is in the West Anita Shapira 70 Chapter 4. Stateless Nation: A Reciprocal Motif Between Polish Nationalism and Zionism Marcos Silber 87 Part II. Groups and Institutions Chapter 5. The Paradox of Soviet Influence: The Case of Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir from the USSR Ziva Galili 117
VI Contents Chapter 6. Triumphs of Conservatism: Beit Yaakov and the Polish Origins of Haredi Girls’ Education in Israel Iris Brown (Hoizman) Chapter 7. Hasidic Leadership: From Charismatic to Hereditary and Back Benjamin Brown Chapter 8. Connecting Poland and Palestine: The Organizational Model of He-Haluts Rona Yona Part III. Formations of Political Culture Chapter 9. Israel’s Polish Heritage David Engel Chapter 10. Violence as Political Experience Among Jewish Youth in Interwar Poland Kamil Kijek Chapter 11. From Zionism as Ideology to the Yishuv as Fact: Polish Jewish Reorientations Toward Palestine Within and Beyond Zionism, 1927-1932 Kenneth B. Moss Chapter 12. Hero Shtetls: Reading Civil War Self-Defense in the Yishuv Mihály Kálmán Part IV. Soviet Interludes Chapter 13. American Jews and the Zionist Movements in the Soviet Union: The Joint and He-Haluts in Crimea in the 1920s Chizuko Takao
Contents vii Chapter 14. Refuseniks and Rights Defenders: Jews and the Soviet Dissident Movement Benjamin Nathans 362 List of Contributors 377 Index 381 Acknowledgments 395
380 Contributors Rona Yona is editor of the journal Israel: Studies in Zionism and the State ofIsrael, published by Tel Aviv University. Her book on Polish pioneers and the rise of Labor Zionism between the world wars will appear in 2021. Yona’s work has ap peared in the Journal of Israeli History, Gal-Ed, Polin and elsewhere. She cur rently teaches at Tel Aviv University and New York University in Tel Aviv. INDEX Abramovich, Sholem Yankev, 29 Afikim. See Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir agriculture: history ofJewish colonies in Russia, 347-48; Jewish settlements in Crimea, 13, 344-58; New Jew reform movement and, 33; Russian resettlement of Jews in the south, 24-25 Agro-Joint, 349-58 Agudat Israel, 78, 145, 147, 151, 158, 208, 286 Agursky, Mikhail, 366 Ahdut ha-‘avodah Party, 9, 126-32, 140n42, 198,202, 314 Aksel’rod-Rubina, Ina, 370 Albinger, Yehoshua, 323 Alexander I, Tsar, 20, 33, 347 Alexander II, Tsar, 20, 30, 33, 35, 48 Alexander III, Tsar, 35, 48 Al ha-mishmar (journal), 315 aliyot. See Fifth Aliyah; First Aliyah; Fourth Aliyah; immigrants/immigration; Second Aliyah; Third Aliyah Allon, Yigal, 326, 327 All-Russian Union of Jewish Soldiers, 307 Alroey, Gur, 70 Alter, Rabbi Avraham Mordechai, 145, 147 Altshuler, Mordechai, 345 American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC, or the Joint), 13-14, 343-57, 372 American Relief Administration, 347 Am Olam, 33 Amshinover Hasidim, 181-82 Anders’ Army, 82 Anokhin, K. A., 120, 128 anti-Semitism: Christianity and, 58-59; features of, 245; pogroms as outgrowth of, 62; Polish, 8, 75, 78, 79, 82,244-45, 249-57, 264-65, 273,
287-88; quotidian character of, 249-50; in Russia, 48, 52, 55, 56; Russian, 5, 48, 52, 55, 56, 62, 72; in schools, 249-50, 254; Soviet, 365; Soviet opposition to (in 1920s), 72; violence linked to, 244-45, 252-56, 264-65. See also Jews: discrimination against Anusz, Franciszek, 229 Appenszlak, Jakub, 99-101; “Mowie Polskiej,” 99-100 Arab-Jewish clashes (1929), 136-37, 272,275-77, 280-81, 329 Arab Revolt (1936), 80, 209,256 Arabs: critiques of Zionists by, 236; Jewish labor movement and, 133-36; Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir and, 133-37; Palestinian place allotted to, 63-64 Arazi, Yehuda (Tenenbaum), 257 Around the World (journal), 120 Ashkenazim, and the Yishuv, 306 assimilation, 49, 72, 75, 104-5, 148, 153, 233, 249, 254-55, 363, 369-70 Association for Research on the History of Jews in Russia and Ukraine, 322-23 Avidan-Givati, Shimon, 326 Azbel, Mark, 366, 371, 373 Balfour Declaration, 196 Bar Kokhba rebellion, 101-3, 316 Bartai, Israel, 5-6, 358 Bartov, Hanoch, 74, 79, 83; Little Jew, 74 Bauer, Eia, 88, 104 Bauer, Otto, 52, 122 Beer-Hoffman, Richard, 146 Begin, Menachem, 82-83, 259 Beit Yaakov schools, 9-10, 143-67; curriculum of, 9, 145-48, 159, 160; founding and early years of, 144-45; Holocaust’s effect on, 147, 157; in Israel, 156-68; languages in curriculum of, 146; Orlean vision for, 147-64, 167-68; in Poland, 144-57; Polish vs. Israeli schools compared, 143-44; Schenirer-Deutschländer vision for, 9,144-47,157-61, 164,167-68; teacher’s role in, 154-56, 162; teacher training for, 145-46, 158-59; traditional education compared to, 144
382 Bellis Affair, 58 Belz Hasidim, 144, 146,178-81 Ben Ami, Itzhak, 251-52 Ben-Ami, Mordekhai, 320 Benari, Nahum, 278,295 Ben-Asher, Haim, 290-94 Bendori, P., 279 Ben Gamla, Yehoshua, 149 Ben-Gurion, David, 9, 36, 39,49, 72 , 79, 122, 125, 128, 132, 136, 137, 181,209-12,236-37, 263, 346, 353 Ben Horin, Eliyahu, 328, 329 Ben Shemen Youth Village, 280-82, 301n42 Ben Zion, Simha, 30 Ben-Ziv, Avraham, 327, 328 Ben-Zvi, Yitzhak, 36 Ber, Rebbe Yissokhor, of Belz, 178 Berdyaev, Nikolai, 58-59 Berg, Raisa, 365 Berkowitz, Joseph, 92 Berman, Avraham, 327 Bershad self-defense unit, 317, 319 Betar youth movement, 45, 81, 82, 101, 208, 209, 251-52, 254-55, 258-60, 294 Beys Yankev schools. See Beit Yaakov schools Bezsonov, Valerian Andreevich, 120-21, 128 Bialik, Chaim Nahman, 29, 30-31, 96 Bickerman, Joseph M., 62 Biderman, Rabbi Elimelekh (Meilech), 185 bilium, 35-36, 71 Birnbaum, Nathan, 147 Blit, Lucjan, 258, 259 Blok, Aleksandr, “The Twelve,” 73 Blue Shirt (newspaper), 125 Bluwstein, Rachel, 73 Bnei Brak, 157, 159-60 Bobkov, Philipp, 362 Bogdanovsky, Meir, 198, 203-4, 206, 215nl5 Bogoraz-Brukhman, Larisa, 365, 366 Boguslav pogram and self-defense unit, 314-16, 318 Boneh, Solei, 125 Bonner, Elena, 365 Borochov, Ber, 9, 36, 39,118, 122, 124 Brenner, Yosef Haim, 30, 72-73, 314; From Here and There, 72 Breuer, Isaac, 146, 147 Brezhnev, Leonid, 14, 363, 365, 372 British Mandate Palestine, 21, 34, 79-80, 197, 203, 214, 272, 276-77, 325, 357 Brodski, Zeev, 327-28 Brown, Benjamin, 10 Index Brown, Iris, 9 Brutzkus, Julius, 50, 52 Brzozowski, Władysław, Flames, 75-76, 82 Buber, Martin, 178
Bujak, Franciszek, 240ո40 Bukovsky, Vladimir, 367 Bulletin of the Council ofRelatives ofImprisoned Evangelical Christian Baptists in the USSR, 368 Bund, 49,224-25,248,251, 253,257-59, 261-63,277,288,295 Cahan, Abraham, 353 Carlebach, Rabbi Shlomo, 189 Camera, Primo, 265 Certificate Immigrants, 79-81, 83 Chajes, Victor, 94 Chanukah, 102 charisma, 176-83, 185, 189 Chemia, Iosif, 122 Chemia, Riva, 122 Chernyshevsky, Nikolai, 36; What Is to Be Done? 123 Christianity, 20, 58-59,249-50,264-65, 370 Chronicle of Current Events (periodical), 365, 367, 368 Civil War, pogroms and self-defense during, 54, 62-63, 307-9, 315-26, 330-31 class: goal of a multiclass society, 103-4; Ha-Shomer ha-tsa'ir and, 122-28, 131-32, 134; Zionism’s general antipathy to middle class, 76; Zionist Right’s support of middle class, 82 Cohen, Yosef, 252,257 Cold War, 14, 364, 366, 370, 372 Committee for the Settlement of Toiling Jews on the Land in the Soviet Union (KOMZET), 349-51 Commune Tel Hai, 345-46, 353, 354-55, 357 Communism, 120,244,253,260-61,263,277,280 communism, 38, 122, 137, 253 Conferences of Russian Zionists, 51-52, 223 Congress Poland: education in, 78; Jews in, 197; migration to, 26; nationalist themes in, 93, 96, 98; Zionist Federation of, 231 Constitutional Democratic Party (Kadets) [Russia], 45, 53, 56, 59 Cossacks, 63, 313, 319 Crimea, Jewish agricultural settlements in, 13-14, 344-58 Daniel, Yuli, 369 Dannenbaum, Henry J., 343, 344
383 Index Daszyński, Ignacy, 234 Davar (newspaper), 125, 211, 318, 319 Dayan, Moshe, 326 Dekel-Chen, Jonathan, 344, 353 democracy: Hasidim and, 184, 188; Israel as, 1; revolutionary Russia and, 45-46, 50-51, 59-61,223-24, 226-27; Second Polish Republic and, 231-32 Denikin (general), 54, 63, 68n58 Derzhavin, Gavriil, Opinion, 47-48 Deutschländer, Rabbi Dr. Shmuel (Leo), 9-10, 143, 145-48, 152-53, 156-57, 159, 167-68, 169nl5; Schem Vajephet, 155 devekut (closeness to God), 180-81, 185, 186-87 Dimanshtein, Semen, 349 Dinur, Ben-Tzion, 320-21 Doar һа-yom (newspaper), 314 Dobkin, Eliyahu, 198, 206, 215nl2 Dostoevsky, Fyodor, 73 Dror group, 205-6 Druyanov, Alter, 29, 278, 279, 286, 296, ՅՕՕոՅՅ, 315, 317 Dubnow, Simon, 6, 19-20, 49, 78,225 Dymshits, Mark, 367 Eastern Europe: characteristics of, 4; Israel influenced by, 1-2; Jewish life in, 4-5; Jewish migration and urbanization in, 23-29; modernity in, 4-5; Yishuv’s connections to, 10-11; Zionism influenced by, 2, 4-5 Eastern European Orthodox Judaism, 148 education: acculturation into nationalism in, 248-49; anti-Semitism in, 249-50, 254; boys’ vs. girls’, 144, 153-54; of girls/women, 9-10, 143-67; of Jews in Poland, 75, 78; languages used in, 75, 78; purpose of, in haredi Judaism, 147, 153-54, 156, 159-62, 164, 167, 172nl30; schooling contrasted with, 153-54, 161; teacher’s role in, 154-56, 162 Eidah Hareidis, 182, 192n42 Ein Harod. See Kibbutz Ein Harod Eldad, Israel, 38 Elkind, Mendel Menahem, 353 Endecja/Endeks, 96, 249, 252, 267n30 Engel, David, 3, 11-12, 87-88 Enlightenment: haredi criticisms of, 10, 147, 148, 150; Russian
embrace of, 5, 20-21, 32-33; socioeconomic goals of, 32-33, 39. See also Haskalah Erez, Yehudah, 324 Esenin-Volpin, Alexander, 365, 367 Eshkol, Levi, 181 ethnonationalism: educational inculcation in, 248-49; Israeli, 84; Polish, 3, 7-8, 12, 75-76, 78, 81-83, 87-108, 228-35,248-49,260; Zionist/Jewish emulation of Polish, 3, 7-8, 12, 75-76, 78, 81-83,87-108,234-38,255,260 Etkind, Alexander, 23 Ettinger, Shmuel, 20 Evreiskaia mysl’ (newspaper), 314 Evreiskaia tribuna (newspaper), 54, 56, 58-61 Evreiskaia zhizri (journal), 50, 52 Evrei v SSSR (periodical), 368 Fabrikant, Alexander, 352 family, 155, 166-67 Fatianov, Nikolai, 121 Faygenberg, Rachel, 288 Federation of Jewish Workers in Palestine. See Histadrut Fedoseyev, Viktor, 368 Feld, Isaac, “There Where the Cedars Are,” 102 Feldberg, Leyzer, 253-54 feminism, 166 Fifth Aliyah, 76, 151, 272, 297 Finshtein, Avraham Asher, 317 First Aliyah, 13, 22, 34-36, 118 First Joint Jewish Detachment, 307, 312 Fischer, Louis, 344 Flesch, Rabbi Dr. Moshe Dovid, 144, 153 Folkspartey (Russia), 49, 225 Folkstsaytung (newspaper), 295 Forverts (newspaper), 311, 314, 315 FO”Sh (Field Companies, or Sadeh’s Compa nies), 327 Fourth Aliyah, 38, 76, 204, 272, 274 Frank, Jacob, 8 Frankel, Jonathan, 118 Frankists, 89, 92, 110nl7 Frayhayt, 293 Freemasonry, 89 Frenkl, K. A., 288 Freud, Sigmund, 187 Friedman, Menachem, 165, 174 Frishman, David, 103, 105 Fuchs, Alexander, 80 Fürst, Juliane, 368 Gabai, Ilya, 365 Galicia: anti-Semitism in, 249; education in, 75, 78; pogroms in, 246; and Polish nationalism, 75, 78, 94-95, 98, 197; Positivism in, 104-5; and
Zionism, 94-95, 102-3, 199-200, 209-10, 212
384 G alili, Klara, 119 Galili, Lasia, 119, 127, 136 Calili, Živa, 8-9, 354 Gammalsvenskby, 356 Garb, Jonathan, 187 Gdud ha-‘avodah, 38, 353-54 Gegenwartsarbeit (work in the present), 49-50, 52, 61,222-23,225,227-28,234 Gekholutz (journal), 345 General Zionism, 93, 211, 222-23, 278,286, 296, 324 Gepshtein, Solomon, 62 Gerer Hasidim, 185-86 Gerer Rebbe, the Imre Emet, 164 Gertz, Nurith: Notfrom Here, 83; An Ocean Between, 73 Gerwarth, Robert, 327 Gilbert, Martin, 363 Gindes, M. F., 62 Glazov, Yuri, 365 Gluzman, Semon, 365 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 146, 160 Goldburt, Yaakov, 322 Gol’de, Yuli, 352 Goldstein, Bernard, 258-59 Golomb, Eliyahu, 135-36, 137 Gorbanevskaia, Natalia, 365 Gordon, Judah Leib, 32 Gordon, Milton M., 49 Gordon, Zeheva, 353 Górka, Olgierd, 228-29, 237, 239ո26 Gorodishche pogram, 314-15, 317 Gorshteyn, Benjamin, 354-55, 357 Górski, Artur, “Young Poland,” 97 Graetz, Heinrich, 78 Great Emigration, 89, 91, 92,107 Grlninke beymelekh (magazine), 280-81 Grower, E. A., 350 Gruenbaum, Yitzhak, 87, 93, 97-100, 105, 107, 197-98,221,226-31,233-34 Grunfeld, Judith (née Rosenbaum), 145, 169nl2 Ha-Adamah (journal), 73 Ha’am, Ahad, 71, 370 Habad Hasidism, 185 Hacohen, Rabbi Israel Meir (Hafetz Hayim), 145, 157 Ha-Das, Machzikei, 179 Haganah, 136-37,256-57, 312, 315, 318, 320, 322,325-30 Hagen, William, 244 Haifa Technion, 79 Index hakhsharah (training), 196, 206,207,210,252, 256-57 Ha-Kibuts ha-artsi, 126, 130-33 Ha-Kibuts һа-me ’uhad (United Kibbutz movement), 11, 126, 130-33, 205, 216n36, 257,283,292,296 Halakhah, 158, 169n8, 179, 182 Halberstam, Rabbi Yekutiel
Yehudah, 181 Halevi, Yehuda, 70 Halperin, Moshe Eliyahu, 289 Ha-Noar ha-Tsioni, 208 Hantke, Arthur, 355 Ha-Olam (newspaper), 51 Ha-Poel, 262 Ha-Po‘el ha-tsa‘ir, 36-37,202 haredi Judaism: attitudes toward modernity, 155-56, 165; attitudes toward science, 148-51, 162; and girls’/women’s education, 9-10, 143-67; historiography of, 10; Tel Aviv and, 157; worldly attitudes toward the Yishuv within, 288-89 Hartglas, Apolinary, 98, 221, 232-35 Ha-Shomer ha-tsa‘ir movement: class concerns of, 122-28,131-32, 134; educational goals of, 121-26, 128, 131, 132; envoys to, 209; fundamental principles of, 9, 119-24; and kibbutzim, 126, 130, 208; origin and growth of, 119; in Palestine, 124-37; and Polish nationalism, 75, 82; Russian vs. Polish factions of, 131; scouting as component of, 120-21, 124, 137-38; and self-defense, 312; socialist ideas in, 121-24, 127; Soviet influences on, 121-24, 127, 129-32, 135-37; sports as component of, 120; Theses of, 121, 122-23,128; and the Yishuv, 293, 295; Zionist foundation of, 120-22,124, 126-30,133,135, 137-38. See also Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir Hasidism: charismatic leadership in, 176-83, 185, 189; and democracy, 184, 188-89; early vs. later, 190n3; elections ofrebbesin, 184; external influences on, 188-89; hereditary leadership in, 10, 174, 176-77, 182-84; heteronomous turn in, 176-77, 186-87; in Hungary, 183-84, 189; institutionalization of, 174-77; in Israel, 174-75, 188; leadership in, 174-90; mashpi'im in, 184-86, 189; new settings for, 174; new tzaddikim in, 183-84; nonhereditary leadership in, 175, 184; and politics, 174, 179-80; rebbe’s
changing role in, 176; theory of change in, 187-89; tzaddikim in, 177-83; and the Yishuv, 288; and Zionism, 288-89. See also Belz Hasidim
Index Haskalah. See also Enlightenment: destruction of accomplishments of, 62; Israel in perspective of, 22; and Jewish agriculture, 347; Polish Positivism and, 103-4; in Russia, 48-49, 62; schooling as transmission of knowledge of, 154; socioeconomic goals of, 33, 48-49 Hasmonean (student society), 102, 103 Ha-Tsefirah (newspaper), 179 Haynt (newspaper), 211,256,271,295 Hazan, Ya’acov, 130 Hazanov, Alexander, 370 Не-Avar (journal), 322 Hebbel, Christian Friedrich, 146 Hebei, Johann Peter, 160 Hebraism, 278, 281 Hebrew Fighters Party, 38 Hebrew language, 22, 30, 75, 80, 105, 120, 196, 223, 306, 368 Hebrew University ofJerusalem, 79, 83 Heffner, Avraham, 74-75; Kolel ha-kol, 74 He-Haluts, 194-214; envoys to, 198-99, 204-6, 208-13, 277-79, 290-94; growth and instability of, 200-201, 204-5; and immigra tion, 78-79, 80,203-4,210,279,289-94, 345; intracommunal violence involving, 263; the Joint and, 344-45; and kibbutz ideology, 205-10; and labor movement, 202, 209-11; leadership of, 198-99, 205, 208-9; legal vs. illegal, 345; membership of, 78, 80, 200-201, 203, 208, 290-91, 294-95, 345; organizational model of, 11, 213; in Palestine, 201-2; in Poland, 11, 196-201,204-8; and politics, 209-12; Russian origins of, 78, 83, 196, 199-200, 345; and self-defense, 307; Soviet persecution of, 346, 354-57; training farms of, 345, 349, 353-55; worldly attitudes toward the Yishuv within, 289-97; world organ ization of, 198, 202-4 Heller, Daniel, 81, 82, 88, 93, 255 Helsingfors Program, 51, 52, 64, 223-27, 231-32, 234-35 Helsinki Accords, 363 Hertz, Aleksander, 243-44 Herut (newspaper),
324 Herzl, Theodor, 49, 95, 97, 120, 195,224,225 Heylperin, Israel, Sefer ha-gevurah, 320 Hibbat Zion, 25, 33, 35,41nl6,49, 71 Hildesheimer, Rabbi, 151 Hirsch, Maurice de, 372 Hirsch, Rabbi Samson Raphael, 144-48, 150-53, 158-59, 162-64, 169n8; The 385 Foundations of Education, 148; Jahreswende, 148 Histadrut: Ahdut ha-‘avodah and, 127; and the Arabs, 135-36; Ben-Gurion and, 122; establishment of, 202; and Gdud-ha-‘avodah, 353-54; Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir and, 125, 127; kibbutzim and, 130; and Soviet Union, 346. See also Ahdut ha-‘avodah Party Hitler, Adolf, 179 Holocaust: Beit Yaakov schools impacted by, 147, 157; Crimean Jewish colonies destroyed by, 344; heroism and resistance related to, 320; memorialization of, 317, 325; Polish Jews in Palestine after, 83, 84; refugees from, 39; self-defense narratives validated by, 308 Hoover, Herbert, 347 Horne, John, 327 Horowitz, Brian, 38 Horowitz, David, 70-71 Hovevei Zion, 104 human rights, 14, 362-64, 367-69, 373 Hungary, Hasidism in, 183-84, 189 Hussein-McMahon Correspondence, 63 Idelsohn, Abraham, 45, 50-53 Imber, Naftali Herz, 87 immigrants/immigration: aliyot compared to Russian migrations and settlements, 5-6, 24-25; He-Haluts’s sponsorship of, 80, 196, 200, 203-4, 210, 279, 289-94, 345; memories of the motherland, 71; motivations of, 70-71, 286-87, 288; to Palestine, 195-96, 210, 272; Zionist limits on, 313. See also Polish Jews in Palestine/Israel; Russian Jews in Palestine/ Israel Immigration Restriction Act (US), 357 Irgun, 256, 326-27, 329 Iskhod (periodical), 368 Iskoz, Lasia. See Galili, Lasia Israel: Beit Yaakov
schools in, 156-68; Eastern European features of, 1-2; ethnonationalism in, 84; Hasidism in, 174-75, 188; historiogra phy of, 8; Polish Jews in, 39; Russian Jews in, 21, 39-40; self-defense narratives validated by, 308; Soviet influence in, 37-40; Soviet Jews in, 364; and the West, 1,14 Israel Defense Forces, 181, 324 Israeli Labor Movement, 73 lton (periodical), 368 Itzkovich, Volodya, 136 Izraelita (newspaper), 100
386 Index Jabotinsky, Vladimir, 29, 38-39,45-46, 50, 52-53, 56, 63-64, 81-82, 255, 259, 262-63, 306, 325, 328-29, 345; The Five, 30; Samson, 82 Jackson-Vanik Amendment, 364 Jakubowicz, Hanna, 247 Jedlicki, Jerzy, 244 Jewish Battalions of the British Army, 325-26 Jewish Colonization Association, 372 Jewish Committee (Russia), 47 Jewish Freedom Fighters, 38 Jewish labor movement: and the Arabs, 133-36; He-Haluts and, 202, 209-11; Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir and, 126-30; and Poland, 79; Soviet influence on, 36-38, 125-30. See also Histadrut; Israeli Labor Movement; Labor Zionism; Mapai Jewish Legion, 45, 53, 307, 345 Jewish National Fund, 278 Jewish People’s Group (Russia), 49, 56 Jewish Question, 47, 54, 58-59 Jewish Scientific Institute. See YIVO Institute for Jewish Research Jewish Statute (Russia, 1804), 48 Jews: discrimination against, 51, 72, 231, 240n40; negative views of, 5, 25, 47-48, 51; passivity/weakness ascribed to, 247, 250-52, 256, 261, 262, 265, 268n50, 283, 303n81, 305-6, 309, 314, 317; reform of, 32-34; self-esteem of, 51-52; and Soviet dissident movement, 14, 362-73; statelessness of, 8, 51, 88-93; as target of violence, 244-50, 252-56; “useful,” 5, 32, 47-48, 347; and the West, 5, 22, 57; Western migration of, 26, 39, 40, 364. See also anti-Semitism Jeż, Teodor Tomasz, Nad rzekami Babilonu, 96 Joint. Sce American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee Joselowicz, Berek, 92 Kabbalah, 89, 95 Kadets. See Constitutional Democratic Party Kálmán, Mihály, 12-13 Kaminskaia, Dina, 365 Karelitz, Rabbi Avraham Yesha’ayah (Hazon Ish), 159 Karpowicz, Michal, 92 Kasprowicz,
Jan, “Them and Us,” 101 Katz, Jacob, 177 Katznelson, Beri, 9, 117, 125, 128, 130-31, 132 Kelner, Yehuda, 263-64 Khatskels, Helena, 280-82 Der Khaver (magazine), 280-81 Kibbutz Ein Harod, И, 130,216ո36,278, 283, 294 Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir, 8-9, 124-38; and the Arabs, 133-37; documentation concern ing, 118-19; and kibbutzim federations, 126, 130-33; locations of, 124; members’ self-questioning in, 125-26; opposition to, from Jews in Palestine, 125; and politics, 126-30, 132; Russianness of, 117-18, 125; Soviet influences on, 129-32, 135-36, 138. See also Ha-Shomer ha-tsa‘ir movement kibbutz ideology, 205-10 Kijek, Kamil, 12, 75, 88, 98 Kirszrot, Jan, 98 Kisch, F. H., 356 Klausner, Josef, 224-25, 227 Klein, Rabbi Menashe, 184 Kleinman, Moshe, 63, 235-36 Kligsberg, Moshe, 261-62 Klinov, Yeshayahu, 323 Klosova Kibbutz, 205-8,210 Kohen, Roza, 312 kolkhozes (collective farms), 351-53 Kombund, 263 KOMZET. See Committee for the Settlement of Toiling Jews on the Land in the Soviet Union Kopelev, Lev, 365 Korolenko, Vladimir, 58 Korzhavin (Mandel), Naum, 366 Kosciusko uprising, 92, 101 Kotljarchuk, Andrej, 356 Kovne Kinder-hoyz, 280, 281 Kowalski, Kazimierz, 254 Kowel Kibbutz, 252 Krasin, Viktor, 365 Kresy, 197 Krichevskii, Avraham, 329 Kruk, Joseph, 96, 98, 100, 105 Kula, Marcin, 282, 284 Kulisher, A., 60-61 kulturniki, 368-69, 371 Kuntres (journal), 314 Kurier Polski (newspaper), 92 Kuznetsov, Eduard, 366, 367 kvitlekh (petitions), 179, 191n20 labor. See Histadrut; Israeli Labor Movement; Jewish labor movement; Labor Zionism; Mapai Labor Bloc, 211-12 Labor Zionism, 37, 49,
140n42, 213, 263, 325
Index Landespolitik (domestic politics), 222-24, 234-35. See also Gegenwarsarbeit languages: in Beit Yaakov curriculum, 146; in Palestine, 80 Larin, Yuri, 351 Lasko, Shmuel Haskel, 253, 254 League for the Attainment of Equal Rights for the Jewish People in Russia, 225 League for Working Palestine, 263 League of Nations, 203 Lecke, Mirija, 30 Lehi/Stern Gang, 38, 81 Lehmann, Rabbi Dr. Marcus (Meyer), 146, 153 Lehmann, Siegfried, 280, 281 Leibowitz, Rabbi Boruch Ber, 164 Lenin, Vladimir, 122, 125 Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim, 146 Lestchinsky, Yankev, 254-55, 256, 262 Levin, Yitzhak Meir, 181 Levinson, Abraham, 323 Levitah, Loveh, 276-77, 283, 294-96 Levitin-Krasnov, Anatolii, 366 liberalism, 45-46, 49, 53, 56-61 Liberman, Lyova, 121-22 Likud Party, 38 Lilienblum, Moses Leib, 32, 373 Lishkat ha-Kesher, 364 literature: Jewish motifs in Polish, 8; Jewish urbanization and, 28-30; nationalist themes in, 93-101; representations of Poland in, 74-75; representations of Russia in, 7, 73-74 Lithuanian culture, 87-88, 107-8. See also Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Litvinov, Maxim, 365 Litvinov, Pavel, 365 Liubarskii, Samuil Efimovich, 348-49, 352, 356 Liubarskii, Syoma, 136 Love of Zion movement, 3 luxury, 156 Maccabees, 91-92, 101-3, 311 Maccabi sports clubs, 119, 120, 262 Maggid of Kozhnitz, 178 Maggid of Mezeritch, 178 Mandate Palestine. See British Mandate Palestine Mapai (Palestine Labor Party), 36, 137, 209, 212 Marinetti, Filippo, 246 Markish, Peretz, Di kupe, 315 marriage, 155, 167 Marshak, Benny, 206 Marshall, Louis, 349-50 387 Marxism, 118,121-23,134 mashpi'im (fervent
preachers), 10, 175, 184-86, 189 maskilim (enlightened Jews), 32, 48 Medem, Vladimir, 373 Medvedovskii, Itskhak-Zelig, 328 Meerson-Aksenov, Mikhail, 366 Men, Alexander, 366 Mendelsohn, Ezra, 88, 194, 250-51, 274 Merezhin, Avrom, 349 messianism, 89-90, 92-93 Mickiewicz, Adam, 8, 89-93, 95, 99, 106, 110nl7, 260; “The Forefathers,” 95; Pan Tadeusz, 90, 105 Midrashi, Yaakov, 319, 320, 323, 324 Milikowsky, Rebbe Ya’akov Aryeh (Amshinover Rebbe), 178, 181-83, 185, 189 military and militarization: controversy over, in British Mandate Palestine, 325-26, 328-29; Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir and, 136; symbolic value of, 259, 325, 328; Zionism and, 45-46, 64, 82,256-57 Miliukov, Pavel, 56, 60-61 Minkowski, Shmuel and Haya, 252 Mitnagdim, 177 Mizrachi, 93, 208, 247, 253 Młoda Judea (journal), 97 modernity/modernism: in Eastern Europe, 4-5; haredi Judaism and, 155-56, 165; Palestine and, 22; political, 244-45, 248, 255-56, 259, 265; violence associated with, 243-46, 255-56, 262, 264; the West and, 4; women and,165 Molisak, Alina, 99-100 Moment (newspaper), 211, 271, 295 Mordekhai, Rabbi (brother of Rebbe Aharon Rokeach), 178 Mordekhai, Rebbe, of Lekhovitch, 178 Morgenshtern, Yitshok-Zelig (Sokolover Rebbe), 289, 303n72 Morgenstern, Rabbi Yitzhok Meir, 185 Moscow Committee for Human Rights, 367, 369 Moscow Terbrigada, 120 Moss, Kenneth, 12 Motzkin, Leo, 223-24 multinational statehood, 45, 52, 57-58, 60-61, 223-27, 231-32, 234-35 Nabokov, Vladimir D., 58 Nabokov, Vladimir V., 58 Nachlath Z’wi (journal), 152
388 Nahman, Rabbi, of Breslev, 185 Narodniks, 118 Narutowicz, Gabriel, 246 Nasz Przegląd (newspaper), 99 Nathans, Benjamin, 13, 48 National Democratic Party (Poland), 252, 254 national indifférence, 300ո21 nationalism: Jewish influence on Polish, 7-8; Romantic, 81-82, 89, 99-100, 107. See also ethnonationalism National Land Fund, 120 National League, 96 Natkovich, Svetlana, 28 Dos nayevort (newspaper), 254 Nazis, 179,210,257 Neo-Orthodox Judaism, 143, 151-53, 155, 158, 160, 168 neo-Romanticism, 97-100, 102-3 NEP. See New Economic Policy New Age trends, 189 New Economic Policy (NEP; Soviet Union), 345, 350 New Hebrews, 306 New Jews, 32-34, 37, 76, 82,207,283 New Soviet Man, 123 new tzaddikim, 10, 175, 183-84 Nicholas I, Tsar, 20, 48, 347 Nicholas II, Tsar, 35, 224 Ninburg, Shterna, 355 1905 Revolution, 36, 47, 49-51, 223-26 non-Zionists, attitudes toward the Yishuv, 271, 274, 279-87, 295 Nordau, Max, 259 Norwid, Ciprian, 99 Nossig, Alfred, 104-5 Nowogrodzki, Emanuel, 258 Nusah Sefarad, 183 Obóz Narodowo-Radykalny (ONR; National Radical Camp), 257 Obshchee delo (newspaper), 54 Odessa, 24,26-27, 30-31, 39 Odessa Druzhina, 324, 325, 327, 328 Odessa Group, 327-29 Oleszkiewicz (Russian mystic), 89 Ordener-grupe, 257, 258-59 Order of Ancient Maccabeans, 102 Ordonówna, Hanka, 80 Orlean, Rabbi Yehuda Leib, 10, 147-57, 159-62, 165-68; Der Farshvundene Gan-Eiden, 156; Yidish lebn, 155 Orshanskii, Iľia, 48 Index Orthodox Judaism. See haredi Judaism Orzeszkowa, Eliza, 105; Minala, 101 Oz, Amos, 74; A Tale ofLove and Darkness, 77-78 Pale of Settlement, 5,26, 33, 35 Palestine: Arabs’
place in, 63-64; culture in, 30-31, 34-35; He-Haluts in, 201-2; historiography of, 8; Jewish resettlement in, 6; modernity and, 22; national culture in, 21-22; the New Jew reform discourse in, 33-34, 37, 76; Polish Jews in, 7, 74-77, 79-81; political viewpoints in, 35-39; Russian Jews in, 7, 71-73. See also British Mandate Palestine; Yishuv Palestine Communist Party (PCP), 37-38 Palestine Labor Party. See Mapai Palestinian Arab Revolt (1936). See Arab Revolt (1936) Palmach (Shock Troops), 327 Paris, Jewish liberals in, 56-60 Pasmanik, Daniel, 6-7,45-46, 50, 52-56, 58, 60, 62-63 Pasqualis, Martinez, 89 Pat, Yaakov, 327-28 Patriotic Union of Russian Jews, 62 Payne, Stanley G., 244 Peretz, Isaac Leib, 29, 103; “Bontshe Shvayg,” 292,303n81 Peshkova, Ekaterina, 354 Petliura, Symon, 54, 314 Piast Party, 240n31,240n40 Piekarz, Mendel, 176, 177, 302n71, 303n72 Piłsudski, Józef, 81-82,197,272 Pines, Dan, 311, 345 Pinsker, Leon, 51, 373 Plekhanov, Georgi, 36 Poalei Agudath Israel, 147 Poalei Zion, 36-37, 49, 94, 118, 122, 124, 130, 140n42, 324. See also Ahdut ha-‘avodah Party Poalei Zion Left, 128, 129,263 Poalei Zion Right, 263 Poalei Zion Shtern, 262 Podlishewski, Abraham, 87 Podvoiskii, N. I., 120 pogroms: Boguslav pogram, 314-15; Gorodishche pogram, 314-15, 317; memorialization of, 317-18; in Odessa, 24, 49; in Palestine, 312-13; perpetrators of, 54-55, 62, 67n52, 67n53; in Poland, 246, 252-54; Przytyk pogrom, 252-54, 256; self-defense in response to, 120, 126-27, 252-54, 307-16;
Index Tolstoy on, 58; in Ukraine and Russia, 6-7, 12-13,120, 313-16; Whites’ involvement in, 54-55, 62-63; Zionism transformed by, 62-65 Poland: anti-Semitism in, 8, 75, 78, 79, 82, 244-45,249-57,264-65, 273,287-88; Beit Yaakov schools in, 144-57; domestic orientation of Zionists in, 231-32; economic depression in, 273, 286-88; emigration from, 79-80; ethnonationalism in, 3, 7-8, 12, 75-76, 78, 81-83, 87-108,228-35,248-49, 260; He-Haluts in, 11,196-201,204-8; Jewish influence on nationalism in, 7-8, 88-93, 106-7; Jews’ negative attitudes toward, 72-73; kibbutzim in, 205-8; and multina tional statehood, 231-32, 234-35; nationalist literature of, 93-101; Second Republic, 75, 88, 101, 194, 200, 228-38, 248, 255; state as national property in, 228-35; statelessness as theme in, 88-93, 95, 97; violence in, 12; Yishuv’s influence on Jews in, 11, 12, 194, 208-14, 271-97; Yishuv’s memories of, 74-77; Zionism in, 3, 7-8, 11-12, 78-79, 87-108, 196-98,209-14,221-23, 231-35,256, 271-97, ՅՕՕոՅՅ. See also Congress Poland Polish-Bolshevik War, 246 Polish Institute, Tel Aviv, 84 Polish Jews in Palestine/Israel: as Certificate Immigrants, 79-81, 83; correspondence from, 282-83; diversity of, 12; images of Poland in minds of, 7, 74-77, 83-84; in interwar period, 72; negative attitudes toward, 74, 76-77; post-World War II, 39; Russian Jews compared to, 7, 76. See also Yishuv Polish language, 99-100 Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 26. See also Lithuanian culture Polishness, 72-73, 76-77, 83, 87 Polish Socialist Party, 234, 257 Polish-Soviet War, 247 Polish-Ukrainian War, 246 politiki, 368-69,
371 Polonization, 72, 75, 77, 84, 95, 96, 98, 101-3, 105 Pomerants, Grigorii, 365 Pomerantz, Beri, 97 Pompolit, 354 Poniatowski, Stanisław August, 26 Popov, Vladimir Alekseevich, 120 Porush, Menachem, 157 Porush, Moshe, 157 Positivism, 103-5 389 Poślednie novosti (newspaper), 56 Prague Spring, 370 Prawer, Joshua, 80 Prokop-Janiec, Eugenia, 95 Prus, Bolesław, 105 PrzyslosÇ (journal), 101 Przytyk pogrom, 256 Rabinowitz, Yosef, 257 race and racism, 47 Rakhlis, Yankev, 305, 310-11 Rapaport (An-ski), Shlomo, 373 Rashi, 146 Rassvet (Berlin and Paris, newspaper), 60-64, 328 Rassvet (St. Petersburg, newspaper), 45, 50-52, 55 Ratner, Yohanan, 325-26 Red Army, 55, 121, 136-37, 313, 326-27 refuseniks, 14, 362-73 Reich, Leon, 221 Reiss, Anshel, 94-96,100 Renner, Karl, 52, 122 Reshumot (journal), 315 Revisionist Movement, 38, 81, 88, 93, 211, 253, 255, 256, 259-60, 263, 277, 324-26, 328-29. See also Betar youth movement rights: civil, 362-64; human, 14, 362-64, 367-69, 373; women’s, 155, 166 rights defenders, 14, 362-73 rituals, Zionist, 101-3 Rocznik Żydowski (annual), 95 Rokeach, Rabbi Yissachar Dov, 144 Rokeach, Rebbe Aharon, of Belz, 178-81 Romantic literature, 93-94, 98-99. See also neo-Romanticism Romantic nationalism, 81-82, 89, 99-100, 107 Rosen, Joseph, 344, 347-48, 352, 354-57 Rosenberg, James N., 349-50, 355 Rosenblit, Felix, 356 Rosenfeld, Rebbe Aharon, 184 Rosenheim, Jacob, 147 Rosmarin, Henryk, 221 Rotenstreich, Fiszel, 221 Rotfarb, Abraham, 261 Rowe, Leonard, 259 Rozental, Aharon, 317, 320, 328 Rozental, Eliezer David, 317-18 Rubashov (Shazar), Zalman, 211 Rubin, Vitalii,
366, 367, 370, 373 Rul (journal), 59 Ruppin, Arthur, 352
390 Russia: agricultural resettlement projects of, 5-6, 24; anti-Semitism in, 5, 62, 72; Civil War in, 54, 62-63, 307-9, 315-26, 330; domestic orientation of Zionists in, 51, 223-28; ethnic groups’ relationships to, 46-47; Jewish life in, 4-5,20; Jewish migration from, 23-26, 40; Jews’ literary representations of, 7; Jews’ status in, 6, 46-49, 55-60, 64; and multinational statehood, 45, 52, 57-58, 60-61, 223-27; pogroms in, 6-7,12-13; urbanization in, 26-29; and the West, 20; Yishuv influenced by imperial environment of, 21-23, 30-40; Zionism in, 46,49-53, 71,196-98,223-28, 346; Zionist idealization of, 72 Russian Jews in Palestine/Israel: images of Russia in minds of, 7, 71-73, 83; in 1970s, 39-40; Polish Jews compared to, 7, 76; present-day, 21. See also Yishuv Russianness, 72, 73, 76, 117-18, 125 Russian Revolution: Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa’ir and, 9; liberal hopes for, 45-46; Third Aliyah influenced by, 118; Yishuv and, 7; and Zionism, 11, 45-46, 121. See also 1905 Revolution Russian Zionist Organization, 45, 49-53, 64 Russification, 33, 47, 98, 105 Sadeh, Yitzhak, 312, 326-27 Sagiv, Gadi, 188-89 Saint Martin, Claude de, 89 Sakharov, Andrei, 365-67, 369 Samooborona (journal), 308-10 Samunov, I., 61-62 Sanacja regime, 273 Schechtman, Joseph, 46, 53, 56, 60-64 Schenirer, Sarah, 143-47, 152-53, 156-57, 159 Schiller, Friedrich, 146,160 Schneerson, Menahem Mendel (Tzemah Tzedek), 177 Scholem, Gershom, 177 Schutzbund, 258 Schwarzbard, Scholem, 314 Schwarzbart, Ignacy, 221 science, haredi attitudes toward, 148-51, 162 scouting, 120-21, 124 Second Aliyah, 13, 36, 71, 73, 118,
307-8 Second Polish Republic, 75, 88, 101, 194, 200, 228-38,248,255 secular studies, haredi attitudes toward, 148, 153, 158, 160, 162-65, 167 Index self-defense, 305-31; Bund and, 253, 257-59, 263; in Diaspora vs. Land of Israel, 305-6, 311—12, 315, 321-23, 330; generational component of, 253-54; historical models of, 305-7, 311, 319; interpersonal connections in, 327-29; memorialization of, 316-25, 330; military training and, 256-57; participants in, 253; passive resistance contrasted to, 251,256, 305-6, 314, 317; psychological transformation regarding, 309-11; in response to pogroms, 120, 136-37, 252-54, 307-16; in Russia, 326; Third Aliyah veterans of, 306-8, 313-17, 321-22, 330-31; in Ukraine, 313-20, 323-24; valorization of, 254, 257-59, 305-8, 328; the Yishuv and, 12-13, 312-13; Zionism and, 305-7, 311 Shabtai, Yaakov, 74 Shach, Rabbi El’azar Menahem, 182 Shadmi, Nahum, 311-12, 326, 328-30 Shalev, Meir, Roman Rust, 73 Shamir, Yitzhak, 38 Shapira, Anita, 7, 11, 118, 358 Shapira, Rabbi, 247 Sharansky, Anatolii (Natan), 366, 367, 370, 373 Sharot, Steven, 177 Shavit, Yaacov, 11, 88, 93, 277 Shazar, Zalman. See Rubashov (Shazar), Zalman Shazkin, Lazar, 122 Shimoni, Yuval, Kav ha-melakh, 73 shlihim (emissaries), 251, 255, 277, 283,290-94 Shma'po’el! (newspaper), 135 Shragin, Boris, 365 Shumsky, Dmitry, 102, 363 Shurer, Chaim, 210 Sienkiewicz, Henryk, 81; The Flood, 97, 248-49; With Fire and Sword, 13, 97 Silber, Marcos, 7-8 Sinai War (1956), 181 Singer, Isaac Bashevis, 74-75 Sinyavsky, Andrei, 369 Sivan, Emmanuel, 316 Six-Day War, 363, 368 Ślepak, Vladimir, 366 Slutsky,
Yehuda, 50, 320-23 Smidovich, Petr, 349, 356 Social Democratic Party (Austria), 258 Social Democratic Party (Russia), 36 socialism, Ha-Shomer ha-tsa‘ir and, 121-24, 127 Socialist Revolutionary Party (Russia), 36 socialist Zionism: and agrarian socialism, 33; Bolshevik influences on, 9; He-Haluts and, 199, 208; international network of, 199; and
Ja Index labor movement, 49, 140n42,209; and Palestine, 202, 346-47; and Polish national ism, 93; and Yishuv’s influence on Poland, 11 society of scholars, 143, 160, 165-67, 168n3, 174, 190nl Sokolow, Nahum, 88, 104-5, 313 Solovyov, Vladimir, 58-59 Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr, 365 Sommerstein, Emil, 221 Sorin, N., 60 Sorotzkin, Rabbi Zalman, 171n87 Soviet Friendship League, 38 Soviet Union: anti-Semitism in, 365; dissident movement in, 14, 362-73; Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa‘ir influenced by, 121-24, 127, 129-32, 135-37; Israel influenced by, 37-40; Jewish agricultural settlements in, 13-14, 343-58; Jewish emigration from, in 1970s, 363-73; Jewish identity in, 33-34; Jews in, 362-73; Zionism in, 14, 118-24, 354-57 sports, 261-62 Springer, Rudolf, 122 Stalin, Joseph, 20, 122 Stand, Adolf, 95,104 Stattler, Wojciech, The Maccabees, 91 Stem Gang. See Lehi/Stern Gang Stiftel, Shoshana, 88, 104 Stöckel, Ludwik, 249 Świętochowski, Alexander, 105 Szczeransky, Rabbi Benjamin, 164-65; Iggeret Latalmidim, 164 Szczeransky, Rabbi Meri, and Szczeransky Seminary, 157-59, 164, 171n87 Szymanowska, Celina, 89, 92 Szymanowska, Maria, 92 Tabenkin, Yitzhak, 128, 130, 132, 205-7, 209-10 Takao, Chizuko, 13, 372 Tal Hai, 319 Talmon, Jacob, 80, 107 Talmud, women’s study of, 158, 172nl30 Tarbut/Kul’tura (periodical), 368 Tarbut schools, 75, 78-79, 83, 278, 291, 296 Tchernichovsky, Shaul, 29 Tehomi, Avraham, 328-29 Tel Aviv, 6, 29-32, 76-77, 80, 157, 164 Telesin, Julius, 366 Tel Hai, 306-7, 323 Tenenbaum, Josef, 99, 102, 232,234 Tenenboym, Rebbe Haim, 288 Third Aliyah, 13, 36, 118, 306, 307, 313, 317, 321, 324,
325, 353 391 Thon, Ozjasz, 221 Thon, Yehoshua Ozjasz, 95,256 Tolstoy, Leo, 58 Torah: Beit Yaakov schools and, 143, 144, 146-48, 150, 152-53, 155-59, 167; men’s study of, 10, 143,154, 160, 164-67, 168n3,174, 190nl; women’s study of, 144-45,154, 157-58, 165-66,169n8 Torah im Derekh Eretz, 143, 144, 146-48, 150-53, 155-57, 159-60, 162-64, 167 Towiański, Andrzej, 90, 92 tractors, 344, 348, 351 transnational history, 2 Trivush, Israel, 324 Trumpeldor, Joseph, 82, 306-7, 312, 316, 319, 345 Trumpeldor Gdud ha-’avodah, 70 Tseitlin, Yasha, 366 Tsukerman, Boris, 365 Tsukunft-shturem, 258-59, 294 Tsurumi, Taro, 6-7 tzaddikim, 10, 175, 177-83. See also new tzaddikim UDHR. See Universal Declaration of Human Rights Ukraine, 12, 13, 49, 120, 205-6, 308-11, 313-20, 323-24, 344 Ulanovskaia, Maia, 366 ultra-Orthodoxy. See ¿eredi Judaism; Hasidism Umansky, Grisha, 366 Ungvar Hasidism, 184 United Jewish Campaign, 344, 350 United Kibbutz Movement. See Ha֊Kibuts ha-me’uhad United Palestine Appeal, 344 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), 362, 363, 367, 368, 371 urbanization, 26-32, 76 Urieli, Zekharyah, 327 Uris, Leon, Exodus, 368 Urisson, I. S., 350 Ury, Scott, 28 Ussishkin, Menahem, 50 Vacilevskii, Il’ia M., 59-60 Vail, Petr, 365 Vainshtein, Grigorii, 328 Vidrovits, Leah, 279 Vilna Yiddishism, 284-85 Vilnius, 26-27, 39 Vinaver, Maxim, 6, 46, 49, 53-54, 56, 58-59, 62
392 Index violence, 243-65; acculturation into, 248-50, 264-65; Arab-Jewish (1929), 136-37, 272, 275-77, 280-81, 329; effects of, on Jewish youth, 12, 245-65; feelings of weakness/ helplessness as response to, 247, 250; intracommunal, 262-64; Jewish countervio lence to, 250-56, 265; Jewish militarization and, 256-61; Jews as target of, 244-50, 252-56, 273; modernity associated with, 243-46, 255-56, 262, 264; in Poland, 12; in political culture of Jewish youth, 243-46, 260, 262-65; projection of strength as response to, 251-52, 254, 257-62, 265; valorization of, 243-44,246, 256-62,265. See also pogroms; youth, effects of violence on Voinovich, Vladimir, 365 Volkov, Shulamit, 249 Voronel, Alexander, 366, 369-70, 373 Voronel, Nina, 366 Dos Von (newspaper), 211 Voskhod (journal), 56 Vrechlickÿ, Juroslav, Bar Kokhba, 102 Vsevobuch, 120, 136 Walzer, Michael, 89 Wandering Jew, 102 Wapiński, Roman, 244 Warburg, Felix, 357 Warsaw, 26-27, 39 Warsaw Positivism, 103-5 Weber, Max, 177 Weinerman, Eli, 47 Weinreich, Max, 297 Weiss, Yfaat, 88 Weizmann, Chaim, 197, 209, 223, 313, 355 Die Welt (newspaper), 51 Western Europe/the West: Hellenistic ideals of, 55; Israel’s relationship to, 1, 14; Jews’ migration to, 26, 39, 40; Jews’ relationship to, 5, 22, 57; liberalism associated with, 49; modernity and, 4; Russia’s relationship to, 20; Zionism’s relationship to, 4 White Army, 54-56, 62 Wieśniak, Jan, 253 Wiesel, Elie, 363 Winter, Jay, 316 Witos, Wincenty, 240ո31 Witte, Sergei, 57-58, 60 Wolf, Rabbi YosefAvraham, and Wolf Seminary, 156-57, 159-67; Ha-tekufah u-ve’ayoteha, 160 Wolff, Larry, 4
Wolfson, Rabbi Moshe, 185-86 women/girls: education of, 9-10, 77, 143-67; employment of, 166; fictitious marriages of, 79-80; gender role of, 155, 165-66; and modernity, 165; modesty of, 155; rights of, 155; stereotypes of Polish, 77-78; support provided by, for society of scholars, 10, 143, 160, 164-67; Talmud study by, 158,172nl30; Torah study by, 144-45, 154, 157-58,165-66 World Jewish Aid Congress, 310 World Organization of Ha-Shomer ha-tsa‘ir, 131, 133 World Organization of He-Haluts, 198, 202-4 World War I, 19-20, 53, 196,246, 321 World War II, 179 World Zionist Organization, 49, 51, 355 Wrangel (general), 63, 68n58 Wyspiański, Stanislaw, The Wedding, 97 Ya’ari, Me’ir, 130 Yakir, Evgenii, 369 Yakir, Petr, 365, 369 Yalkut Vohlin (journal), 325 Yatziv, Yitzhak, 117 Yedies (journal), 211 Yellin-Мог, Nathan, 38 Yevsektsiia, 346, 354, 357 Yezernitsky-Shamir, Yitzhak, 81 Yiddish, 34, 35, 75, 80,223,285 Yishuv: Ashkenazim as gatekeepers of, 306; demography of, 195; East European connections to, 10-11; historiography of, 8; imperial Russia as influence on, 21-23, 30-40; memories of Poland, 7, 74-77, 83-84; mythologizing of, 274, 275, 278-79, 296; non-Zionist attitudes toward, 271, 274, 279-87, 295; Poland’s Jews in relation to, 11, 12, 72, 194, 208-14, 271-97; practical interest in life in, 273-75, 283, 287-97; Russia idealized by, 7, 73-74, 83; Russian Revolu tion’s effect on, 7, 72; and self-defense, 13, 305-31; Tel Aviv elite and, 6; Zionist relations with, 274, 277-79. See also Palestine; Polish Jews in Palestine/Israel; Russian Jews in Palestine/Israel Yisroel, Rebbe,
ofRuzhin, 178 YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, 75, 246, 251,262,265,284 Yizkor books, 317, 325, 330 Yona, Rona, 11 yordim, 279 Young Poland movement, 96
Index youth, effects of violence on, 12, 245-65; acculturation into violence, 248-50, 264-65; counterviolence of the Jews, 250-56, 265; feelings of weakness/helplessness, 247, 250; intracomraunal violence, 262-64; militariza tion, 256-61; politics and, 256-64; sports, 261-62; strength as ideal, 251-52, 254, 257-62, 265; war as contributing factor, 246-48 Zahra, Tara, 300n21 Zangwill, Israel, 344 Zeire Zion, 323-24 zemstvo (local government) movement, 49 Zerubavel, Gilad, 320 Zerubavel, Yaakov, 306 Zilberberg, Rabbi Zvi Mayer, 185, 186 Zinger, Yisrael, 344 Zionism: and agricultural colonies in Crimea, 353-54; cultural concerns of, 224; domestic vs. Palestinian orientations in, 51-53, 222-28, 231-32, 256; Eastern European features of, 2, 4-5; growth of, 200, 209; Ha-Shomer ha-tsa‘ir and, 120-22, 124, 126-30, 133, 135, 137-38; Hasidism and, 288-89; He~Haluts and, 11, 78-79, 194-214; historiography of, 3-4, 8, 22-23, 51,195,272,274, 305, 330; instability of, 200; and kibbutz movement, 11; liberalism vs., 60-61; Litvak influence on, 87-88, 107-8; mashilic roots of, 48; militariza tion of, 45-46, 64, 82; mononational ideal of, 224, 227, 234-38, 241n50; pogroms’ transformation of, 62-65; in Poland, 3, 7-8, 393 11-12, 78-79, 87-108, 196-98,209-14, 221-23, 231-35, 256, 271-97, ՅՕՕոՅՅ; Polish ethnonationalism and, 3, 7-8, 12, 75-76, 78, 81-83, 87-108, 234-38; Polish literature’s influence on, 93-101; political engagement of, 272; Positivism’s influence on, 103-5; proprietary, 236-37; rituals of, 101-3; in Russia, 46, 49-53, 71, 196-98,223-28, 346; Russia idealized in, 72; Russian
Revolution’s effect on, 11, 45-46, 121; and self-defense, 13, 305-7, 311; in Soviet Union, 14, 118-24, 354-57; synthetic, 50; Tel Aviv as center for, 31; transnational network of, 199; and violence, 12; and the West, 4; Yishuv in the imagination of, 274, 277-79. See aho General Zionism; Labor Zionism; socialist Zionism; Zionist Left; Zionist Right Zionist Executive, 130, 135, 197, 203, 356 Zionist Federation of Congress Poland, 231 Zionist Labor Movement. See Labor Zionism Zionist Left, 11, 34, 79, 82, 93, 209-11,253,263 Zionist Organization (ZO), 195-97, 203, 209, 211-13, 221-23,225,235 Zionist Organization of America, 344 Zionist Organization of London, 356 Zionist Popular Democratic Fraction, 223 Zionist Press Bureau, 231 Zionist Right, 38, 81-83, 88,209 Zionist Scouting Youth, 133 Zionist Socialist Party, 127 ZO. See Zionist Organization Zweig, Stefan, 146 Życia (newspaper), 97 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author2 | Moss, Kenneth B. 1974- Nathans, Benjamin Tsurumi, Tarō 1965- |
| author2_role | edt edt edt |
| author2_variant | k b m kb kbm b n bn t t tt |
| author_GND | (DE-588)135804744 (DE-588)108925766X (DE-588)137182066 |
| author_facet | Moss, Kenneth B. 1974- Nathans, Benjamin Tsurumi, Tarō 1965- |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV047550170 |
| contents | Chapter 1. "Little Russia" in Palestine? Imperial past, national future (1860-1948) / Israel Bartal -- Chapter 2. From hyphenated Jews to independent Jews : the collapse of the Russian Empire and the change in the relationship between Jews and others / Taro Tsurumi -- Chapter 3. Jewish Palestine and Eastern Europe : I am in the East and my heart is in the West / Anita Shapira -- Chapter 4. Stateless nation : a reciprocal motif between Polish nationalism and Zionism / Marcos Silber -- Chapter 5. The paradox of Soviet influence : the case of Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa'ir from the USSR / Ziva Galili -- Chapter 6. Triumphs of conservatism : Beit Yaakov and the Polish origins of haredi girls' education in Israel / Iris Brown (Hoizman) -- Chapter 7. Hasidic leadership : from charismatic to hereditary and back / Benjamin Brown -- Chapter 8. Connecting Poland and Palestine : the organizational model of He-Haluts / Rona Yona -- Chapter 9. Israel's Polish heritage / David Engel -- Chapter 10. Violence as political experience among Jewish youth in interwar Poland / Kamil Kijek -- Chapter 11. From Zionism as ideology to the Yishuv as fact : Polish Jewish reorientations toward Palestine within and beyond Zionism, 1927-1932 / Kenneth B. Moss -- Chapter 12. Hero shtetls : reading civil war self-defense in the Yishuv / Mihály Kálmán -- Chapter 13. American Jews and the Zionist movements in the Soviet Union : The Joint and He-Haluts in Crimea in the 1920s / Chizuko Takao -- Chapter 14. Refuseniks and rights defenders : Jews and the Soviet dissident movement / Benjamin Nathans |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1298749683 (DE-599)BVBBV047550170 |
| era | Geschichte 1860-1950 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1860-1950 |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>05468nam a22008538c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV047550170</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20220421 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">211020s2021 b||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9780812253092</subfield><subfield code="c">hbk.</subfield><subfield code="9">978-0-8122-5309-2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1298749683</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV047550170</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-29</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-19</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">OST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">From Europe's east to the Middle East</subfield><subfield code="b">Israel's Russian and Polish lineages</subfield><subfield code="c">edited by Kenneth B. Moss, Benjamin Nathans, and Taro Tsurumi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Philadelphia</subfield><subfield code="b">University of Pennsylvania Press</subfield><subfield code="c">[2021]</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">vii, 396 Seiten</subfield><subfield code="c">24 cm</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Jewish culture and contexts</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Chapter 1. "Little Russia" in Palestine? Imperial past, national future (1860-1948) / Israel Bartal -- Chapter 2. From hyphenated Jews to independent Jews : the collapse of the Russian Empire and the change in the relationship between Jews and others / Taro Tsurumi -- Chapter 3. Jewish Palestine and Eastern Europe : I am in the East and my heart is in the West / Anita Shapira -- Chapter 4. Stateless nation : a reciprocal motif between Polish nationalism and Zionism / Marcos Silber -- Chapter 5. The paradox of Soviet influence : the case of Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa'ir from the USSR / Ziva Galili -- Chapter 6. Triumphs of conservatism : Beit Yaakov and the Polish origins of haredi girls' education in Israel / Iris Brown (Hoizman) -- Chapter 7. Hasidic leadership : from charismatic to hereditary and back / Benjamin Brown -- Chapter 8. Connecting Poland and Palestine : the organizational model of He-Haluts / Rona Yona -- Chapter 9. Israel's Polish heritage / David Engel -- Chapter 10. Violence as political experience among Jewish youth in interwar Poland / Kamil Kijek -- Chapter 11. From Zionism as ideology to the Yishuv as fact : Polish Jewish reorientations toward Palestine within and beyond Zionism, 1927-1932 / Kenneth B. Moss -- Chapter 12. Hero shtetls : reading civil war self-defense in the Yishuv / Mihály Kálmán -- Chapter 13. American Jews and the Zionist movements in the Soviet Union : The Joint and He-Haluts in Crimea in the 1920s / Chizuko Takao -- Chapter 14. Refuseniks and rights defenders : Jews and the Soviet dissident movement / Benjamin Nathans</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">"From Europe's East to the Middle East seeks to both renew and recast our understanding of the tumultuous and entangled histories of East European Jewry, the transnational movement that Zionism became, and the settler society from which the country that is contemporary Israel emerged"--</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1860-1950</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Juden</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4028808-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Staat</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4056618-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Gründung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4020642-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Auswanderung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4003920-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Zionismus</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4067864-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Polen</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046496-9</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Sowjetunion</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4077548-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Russland</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4076899-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Israel</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4027808-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Jews / Europe, Eastern / History / 20th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Jews, East European / Palestine / History / 20th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Jews, East European / Israel / History / 20th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Zionism / Europe, Eastern / History / 20th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Palestine / History / 20th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Israel / History / 20th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Jews</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Jews, East European</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Zionism</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Eastern Europe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Israel</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Middle East / Palestine</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">1900-1999</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="6"><subfield code="a">History</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Polen</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046496-9</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Russland</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4076899-5</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Sowjetunion</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4077548-3</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Juden</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4028808-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Auswanderung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4003920-1</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="5"><subfield code="a">Israel</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4027808-6</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="6"><subfield code="a">Staat</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4056618-3</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Gründung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4020642-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="a">Zionismus</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4067864-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="9"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1860-1950</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Moss, Kenneth B.</subfield><subfield code="d">1974-</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)135804744</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Nathans, Benjamin</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)108925766X</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Tsurumi, Tarō</subfield><subfield code="d">1965-</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)137182066</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032925815&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032925815&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Register // Gemischte Register</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="n">oe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">BSB_NED_20220421</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032925815</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">200.9</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09043</subfield><subfield code="g">947.08</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09034</subfield><subfield code="g">5694</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">340.09</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09041</subfield><subfield code="g">5694</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">306.09</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09044</subfield><subfield code="g">471</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">340.09</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09042</subfield><subfield code="g">438</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| geographic | Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd Israel (DE-588)4027808-6 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Polen Sowjetunion Russland Israel |
| id | DE-604.BV047550170 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T18:24:23Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:14:24Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780812253092 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032925815 |
| oclc_num | 1298749683 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-29 DE-12 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| owner_facet | DE-29 DE-12 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| physical | vii, 396 Seiten 24 cm |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20220421 |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateSearch | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | University of Pennsylvania Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Jewish culture and contexts |
| spelling | From Europe's east to the Middle East Israel's Russian and Polish lineages edited by Kenneth B. Moss, Benjamin Nathans, and Taro Tsurumi Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press [2021] vii, 396 Seiten 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Jewish culture and contexts Chapter 1. "Little Russia" in Palestine? Imperial past, national future (1860-1948) / Israel Bartal -- Chapter 2. From hyphenated Jews to independent Jews : the collapse of the Russian Empire and the change in the relationship between Jews and others / Taro Tsurumi -- Chapter 3. Jewish Palestine and Eastern Europe : I am in the East and my heart is in the West / Anita Shapira -- Chapter 4. Stateless nation : a reciprocal motif between Polish nationalism and Zionism / Marcos Silber -- Chapter 5. The paradox of Soviet influence : the case of Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa'ir from the USSR / Ziva Galili -- Chapter 6. Triumphs of conservatism : Beit Yaakov and the Polish origins of haredi girls' education in Israel / Iris Brown (Hoizman) -- Chapter 7. Hasidic leadership : from charismatic to hereditary and back / Benjamin Brown -- Chapter 8. Connecting Poland and Palestine : the organizational model of He-Haluts / Rona Yona -- Chapter 9. Israel's Polish heritage / David Engel -- Chapter 10. Violence as political experience among Jewish youth in interwar Poland / Kamil Kijek -- Chapter 11. From Zionism as ideology to the Yishuv as fact : Polish Jewish reorientations toward Palestine within and beyond Zionism, 1927-1932 / Kenneth B. Moss -- Chapter 12. Hero shtetls : reading civil war self-defense in the Yishuv / Mihály Kálmán -- Chapter 13. American Jews and the Zionist movements in the Soviet Union : The Joint and He-Haluts in Crimea in the 1920s / Chizuko Takao -- Chapter 14. Refuseniks and rights defenders : Jews and the Soviet dissident movement / Benjamin Nathans "From Europe's East to the Middle East seeks to both renew and recast our understanding of the tumultuous and entangled histories of East European Jewry, the transnational movement that Zionism became, and the settler society from which the country that is contemporary Israel emerged"-- Geschichte 1860-1950 gnd rswk-swf Juden (DE-588)4028808-0 gnd rswk-swf Staat (DE-588)4056618-3 gnd rswk-swf Gründung (DE-588)4020642-7 gnd rswk-swf Auswanderung (DE-588)4003920-1 gnd rswk-swf Zionismus (DE-588)4067864-7 gnd rswk-swf Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd rswk-swf Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd rswk-swf Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd rswk-swf Israel (DE-588)4027808-6 gnd rswk-swf Jews / Europe, Eastern / History / 20th century Jews, East European / Palestine / History / 20th century Jews, East European / Israel / History / 20th century Zionism / Europe, Eastern / History / 20th century Palestine / History / 20th century Israel / History / 20th century Jews Jews, East European Zionism Eastern Europe Israel Middle East / Palestine 1900-1999 History Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 g Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 g Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 g Juden (DE-588)4028808-0 s Auswanderung (DE-588)4003920-1 s Israel (DE-588)4027808-6 g Staat (DE-588)4056618-3 s Gründung (DE-588)4020642-7 s Zionismus (DE-588)4067864-7 s Geschichte 1860-1950 z DE-604 Moss, Kenneth B. 1974- (DE-588)135804744 edt Nathans, Benjamin (DE-588)108925766X edt Tsurumi, Tarō 1965- (DE-588)137182066 edt Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032925815&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032925815&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | From Europe's east to the Middle East Israel's Russian and Polish lineages Chapter 1. "Little Russia" in Palestine? Imperial past, national future (1860-1948) / Israel Bartal -- Chapter 2. From hyphenated Jews to independent Jews : the collapse of the Russian Empire and the change in the relationship between Jews and others / Taro Tsurumi -- Chapter 3. Jewish Palestine and Eastern Europe : I am in the East and my heart is in the West / Anita Shapira -- Chapter 4. Stateless nation : a reciprocal motif between Polish nationalism and Zionism / Marcos Silber -- Chapter 5. The paradox of Soviet influence : the case of Kibbutz Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa'ir from the USSR / Ziva Galili -- Chapter 6. Triumphs of conservatism : Beit Yaakov and the Polish origins of haredi girls' education in Israel / Iris Brown (Hoizman) -- Chapter 7. Hasidic leadership : from charismatic to hereditary and back / Benjamin Brown -- Chapter 8. Connecting Poland and Palestine : the organizational model of He-Haluts / Rona Yona -- Chapter 9. Israel's Polish heritage / David Engel -- Chapter 10. Violence as political experience among Jewish youth in interwar Poland / Kamil Kijek -- Chapter 11. From Zionism as ideology to the Yishuv as fact : Polish Jewish reorientations toward Palestine within and beyond Zionism, 1927-1932 / Kenneth B. Moss -- Chapter 12. Hero shtetls : reading civil war self-defense in the Yishuv / Mihály Kálmán -- Chapter 13. American Jews and the Zionist movements in the Soviet Union : The Joint and He-Haluts in Crimea in the 1920s / Chizuko Takao -- Chapter 14. Refuseniks and rights defenders : Jews and the Soviet dissident movement / Benjamin Nathans Juden (DE-588)4028808-0 gnd Staat (DE-588)4056618-3 gnd Gründung (DE-588)4020642-7 gnd Auswanderung (DE-588)4003920-1 gnd Zionismus (DE-588)4067864-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4028808-0 (DE-588)4056618-3 (DE-588)4020642-7 (DE-588)4003920-1 (DE-588)4067864-7 (DE-588)4046496-9 (DE-588)4077548-3 (DE-588)4076899-5 (DE-588)4027808-6 |
| title | From Europe's east to the Middle East Israel's Russian and Polish lineages |
| title_auth | From Europe's east to the Middle East Israel's Russian and Polish lineages |
| title_exact_search | From Europe's east to the Middle East Israel's Russian and Polish lineages |
| title_exact_search_txtP | From Europe's east to the Middle East Israel's Russian and Polish lineages |
| title_full | From Europe's east to the Middle East Israel's Russian and Polish lineages edited by Kenneth B. Moss, Benjamin Nathans, and Taro Tsurumi |
| title_fullStr | From Europe's east to the Middle East Israel's Russian and Polish lineages edited by Kenneth B. Moss, Benjamin Nathans, and Taro Tsurumi |
| title_full_unstemmed | From Europe's east to the Middle East Israel's Russian and Polish lineages edited by Kenneth B. Moss, Benjamin Nathans, and Taro Tsurumi |
| title_short | From Europe's east to the Middle East |
| title_sort | from europe s east to the middle east israel s russian and polish lineages |
| title_sub | Israel's Russian and Polish lineages |
| topic | Juden (DE-588)4028808-0 gnd Staat (DE-588)4056618-3 gnd Gründung (DE-588)4020642-7 gnd Auswanderung (DE-588)4003920-1 gnd Zionismus (DE-588)4067864-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Juden Staat Gründung Auswanderung Zionismus Polen Sowjetunion Russland Israel |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032925815&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032925815&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mosskennethb fromeuropeseasttothemiddleeastisraelsrussianandpolishlineages AT nathansbenjamin fromeuropeseasttothemiddleeastisraelsrussianandpolishlineages AT tsurumitaro fromeuropeseasttothemiddleeastisraelsrussianandpolishlineages |