Discourse, hegemony, and populism in the Visegrád Four:
"This is the first book-length account of populism in the Visegrád Four (V4) countries - Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia - for the first 30 years of multi-party competition since the transformative events of 1989-91 in Central and Eastern Europe. Advancing a post-foundational appr...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Abschlussarbeit Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London ; New York
Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
2022
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Routledge studies in extremism and democracy
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | "This is the first book-length account of populism in the Visegrád Four (V4) countries - Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia - for the first 30 years of multi-party competition since the transformative events of 1989-91 in Central and Eastern Europe. Advancing a post-foundational approach to populism based on a semi-formal reading of Ernesto Laclau's theory, the book undertakes a detailed examination of how the 'people' has been constructed in populist discourses in the party systems of the four countries since 1989. Drawing on a wealth of source material, the book offers both a wide-ranging and in-depth overview and classification of populism in the V4 in terms of discursive (e.g. centrist, conservative, left-wing, liberal, nationalist, social) and hegemonic type (e.g. authoritarian hegemonic, generational counter-hegemonic) alike. The book will be of interest to students and scholars of populism, party politics, and Central and Eastern Europe" |
| Beschreibung: | xviii, 316 Seiten Illustrationen |
| ISBN: | 9781032015354 9781032029573 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV047501468 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20211110 | ||
| 007 | t| | ||
| 008 | 211007s2022 xx a||| bm|| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9781032015354 |c hbk |9 978-1-03-201535-4 | ||
| 020 | |a 9781032029573 |c pbk |9 978-1-03-202957-3 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)1284799966 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV047501468 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rda | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-12 | ||
| 084 | |a OST |q DE-12 |2 fid | ||
| 084 | |a MG 80329 |0 (DE-625)122863:12094 |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a MG 80315 |0 (DE-625)122863:12082 |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a MS 4450 |0 (DE-625)123703: |2 rvk | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Kim, Seongcheol |d 1991- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1211907791 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Discourse, hegemony, and populism in the Visegrád Four |c Seongcheol Kim |
| 264 | 1 | |a London ; New York |b Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group |c 2022 | |
| 300 | |a xviii, 316 Seiten |b Illustrationen | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Routledge studies in extremism and democracy | |
| 502 | |b Dissertation |c Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin |d 2020 | ||
| 520 | 3 | |a "This is the first book-length account of populism in the Visegrád Four (V4) countries - Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia - for the first 30 years of multi-party competition since the transformative events of 1989-91 in Central and Eastern Europe. Advancing a post-foundational approach to populism based on a semi-formal reading of Ernesto Laclau's theory, the book undertakes a detailed examination of how the 'people' has been constructed in populist discourses in the party systems of the four countries since 1989. Drawing on a wealth of source material, the book offers both a wide-ranging and in-depth overview and classification of populism in the V4 in terms of discursive (e.g. centrist, conservative, left-wing, liberal, nationalist, social) and hegemonic type (e.g. authoritarian hegemonic, generational counter-hegemonic) alike. The book will be of interest to students and scholars of populism, party politics, and Central and Eastern Europe" | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Populismus |0 (DE-588)4129521-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Hegemonie |0 (DE-588)4023979-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Diskursanalyse |0 (DE-588)4194747-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Visegrád-Staaten |0 (DE-588)4398309-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Populism / Europe, Eastern | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Political parties / Europe, Eastern | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Discourse analysis / Political aspects / Europe, Eastern | |
| 653 | 2 | |a Visegrád Group | |
| 653 | 2 | |a Europe, Eastern / Politics and government / 1989- | |
| 653 | 2 | |a Visegrád Group | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Discourse analysis / Political aspects | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Political parties | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Politics and government | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Populism | |
| 653 | 2 | |a Eastern Europe | |
| 653 | 4 | |a Since 1989 | |
| 655 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4113937-9 |a Hochschulschrift |2 gnd-content | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Visegrád-Staaten |0 (DE-588)4398309-1 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Populismus |0 (DE-588)4129521-3 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Hegemonie |0 (DE-588)4023979-2 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Diskursanalyse |0 (DE-588)4194747-2 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Online-Ausgabe |z 978-1-00-318600-7 |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032902514&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032902514&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Literaturverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032902514&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Register // Gemischte Register |
| 940 | 1 | |n oe | |
| 940 | 1 | |q BSB_NED_20211110 | |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909 |e 22/bsb |f 0905 |g 437 |
| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032902514 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1821773110079127552 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
Contents List of Figures List of Tables Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations Introduction: discourse, hegemony, populism, and the Visegrád Four Populism and the Visegrad Four: an oft-trodden, yet under excavated terrain 2 Discourse - hegemony - populism: from concept to analysis 5 Research questions and objectives 7 Structure of the book 9 References 10 xi xii xiii xv 1 1 Discourse ֊ hegemony - populism: a conceptual horizon Populism as expression and deviation: objectivist approaches to populism 15 Populism as thin construction: ideational approaches to populism 20 Populism as construction and royal road: post-foundational approaches to populism 26 References 31 14 2 Discourse - hegemony - populism: a framework for analysis Analyzing populism and its conceptual Other(s) 35 Research questions and case selection 43 Source material and selection 46 References 48 35
viii Contents 3 Populism in the Czech Republic Introduction 52 Historical background: the saga of “the people” from the “people’s camps” to Masaryk to Gottwald 53 “Your government, people, has returned to you!” The “postNovember” imaginary and the anti-communist nationalist populism of the Republicans 58 The anti-communist nationalist populism of the Rally for the Republic - Republican Party of Czechoslovakia (1990-92) 62 The “post-November” hegemonic formation (1992-2006) 69 “People” vs. “politicians” (2010-present): a break in the “post-November" imaginary 77 The centrist populism of Public Affairs (2010) 77 ANO: from centrist entrepreneur populism (2011-13) to a centrist populism of “hard work” in power (2014-present) 83 Dawn of Direct Democracy and Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD): from neo-liberal nativist populism (2013) to neo-conservative nativist populism (2017) 90 ANO and SPD as competing populisms (2017) 94 The liberal populism of the Czech Pirate Party (2013, 2017) 96 Conclusion and summary 99 References 104 52 4 Populism in Hungary Introduction 110 Historical background: the saga of “the people” between 1848, 1956, and 1989 111 “Hungarianhood” (magyarság) vs. “Hungary” (Magyarország) : the divided imaginary of the “system change” 117 “The prime minister of 15 million Hungarians”: the Hungarian Democratic Forum (MDF) between institutionalism and populist nationalism (1990-93) 117 The populist nationalisms of the Hungarian Justice and Life Party (1993-2002) and Fidesz (1997, 2002-04) 121 110
Contents ix The national-conservative social populism of Fidesz (2006-09) 127 The “System of National Cooperation” (NER) as hegemonic formation (2010-present) 134 From “illiberal state” to “Stop Soros”: the illiberal populist nationalism in power of Fidesz (2014-18) 138 Jobbik: between anti-liberal populist nationalism and na tionalist populism 142 The nationalist populism of Jobbik (2010, 2014, 2017-18) 145 The left-wing populism of the Dialogue for Hungary Hungarian Socialist Party alliance (2018) 153 Conclusion and summary 156 References 160 5 Populism in Poland Introduction 164 Historical background: the saga of "the people” from Endecja and Sanacja to Gomułka 165 Post-“Solidarity” to. anti-“liberalism”: the divided imaginary of post-1989 transition 172 The anti-liberal left-wing populism of the Union of Labor (1993, 1997-2000) 174 The anti-liberal nationalist and social populism of the SelfDefense of the Republic of Poland (2001-05) 182 “Solidaristic Poland” vs. “Liberal Poland”: a break in the post-1989 imaginary 188 The anti-liberal nationalist populism of Law and Justice (2001-07) 188 The anti-liberal nationalist and social populism ofLaw and Justice (2007-14, 2019) 198 The anti-clerical liberal populism of Palikot’s Movement (2010-11) 205 The nationalist anti-party populism of Kukiz’15 (2015) 208 Conclusion and summary 213 References 217 164
x Contents 6 Populism in Slovakia Introduction 222 Historical background: the saga of “thepeople” between 1848, 1918, and 1989 223 Pro- vs. anti-Mečiar: the divided imaginary of post-1989 transition 229 Between nationalism and populism: the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (HZDS) 229 The centrist populism of the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (2002) 236 “Just like they stole under Mečiar, so they steal under Dzurinda”: a break in the post-1989 imaginary 239 The centrist populism of the early Smer (1999-2002) 239 The conservative anti-party populism of Ordinary People and Independent Personalities (2012-present) 245 The naiivisi entrepreneur populism of Sme Rodina (2016-present) 254 Between ethno-nationalist reductionism and populism: Kotleba - People’s Party Our Slovakia (2016-present) 261 Conclusion and summary 263 References 267 222 7 Conclusions: discourse, hegemony, and populism after ’89 Patterns ofpopulism: hegemonic and counter-hegemonic, centrist, conservative, liberal, nationalist, nativist, social 272 Populism as hegemonic and counter-hegemonic logic: from the first to the fourth generation 272 Centrist, conservative, liberal, nationalist, nativist, social populisms 282 Final remarks and outlook 286 References 288 271 Bibliography Index 290 312
Bibliography “A 12 pont, avagy ‘Mit kíván a magyar nemzet’.” 1848. https://marciusl5.kormany. hu/a-12-pont-tortenete-2013. “A Jobbik elnöke a nemmel szavazásra buzdít.” 2016. Gondola.hu, 20 September 2016. https://gondola.hu/hirek/193683-A_Jobbik_elnoke_a_nemmel_szavazasra_ buzdit_.html. A Kádár-kormány felhívása.” 1993. In A “Jelcin-dosszié”. Szovjet dokumentumok 1956ról, eds. Éva Gál, András B. Hegedűs, György Litván, and János M. Rainer. Budapest: Századvég, 89-93. “A magyar nemzet függetlenségi nyilatkozata.” 1849. http://mek.oszk.hu/04800/04834/ html/kossuth0083/kossuth0083.html. “A műegyetemisták 16 pontja.” 1956. https://mek.oszk.hu/01900/01937/html/szerviz/ dokument/bme 16ps.htm. “A teljes balatonöszödi szöveg.” 2007. Népszabadság Online, 26 May 2007. http://nol. hu/archívum/archiv-417593-228304. Ágh, Attila. 1993. “The ‘Comparative Revolution’ and the Transition in Central and Southern Europe.” Journal of Theoretical Politics 5(2): 231-252. Agócs, Sándor, and Endre Medvigy, eds. 1991. Lakitelek 1987. A magyarság esélyei. A tanácskozás hiteles jegyzőkönyve. Lakitelek: Antológia-Püski. Akcja Wyborcza Solidarność. 2004. “Program Akcji Wyborczej Solidarność.” In Wybory 1997. Partie i ich programy, eds. Inka Słodkowska and Magdalena Dołbakowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 102-108. Albertazzi, Daniele, and Duncan McDonnell. 2008. “Introduction: The Sceptre and the Spectre.” In Twenty-First Century Populism: The Spectre of Western European Democracy, eds. Daniele Albertazzi and Ducan McDonnell. Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan, 1-11. Alianca nového občana.
2002. “Volebný program Aliancie nového občana." https:// web.archive. org/web/2004010218263. ANO. 2011. “Výzva ANO 2011.” https://www.anobudelip.cz/file/edee/ke-stazeni/ostatni/ ano-vyzva-ano.pdf. ANO. 2013. “Zkrácený program.” https://web.archive.org/web/20130925034139/http.·// www.anobudelip.cz/cs/o-ANO. ANO. 2017. “Teď nebo nikdy. Ten jediný program, který potřebujete.” https://www. anobudelip.cz/file/edee/2017/09/program-hnuti-ano-pro-volby-do-poslanecke-snemovny.pdf.
Bibliography 291 Antall, József. 1994. “A nemzeti megújhodás útján.” In Modell és valóság. Budapest: Athenaeum Nyomda, 42-71. Arditi, Benjamin. 2005. “Populism as an Internal Periphery of Democratic Politics.” In Populism and the Mirror of Democracy, ed. Francisco Panizza. London: Verso, 72-98. Arditi, Benjamin. 2010. “Review Essay: Populism Is Hegemony Is Politics? On Ernesto Laclau’s On Populist Reason.” Constellations 17(3): 488-497. “Az előre hozott választás a legfőbb ügy”. 2007. Magyar Nemzet, 1 June 2007. https://magyamemzet.hu/archivum/archivum-magyamemzet/az-elore-hozott-valasztas-a-legfobb-ugy-5909948/. Babiš, Andrej. 2017. O čem sním, když náhodou spím. Prague: ANO. Bakke, Elisabeth, and Nick Sitter. 2020. “The EU’s Enfants Terribles: Democratic Backsliding in Central Europe since 2010.” Perspectives on Politics: 1-16. Bánkutí, Miklós, Gábor Halmai, and Kim Lane Scheppele. 2012. “Hungary’s Illiberal Turn: Disabling the Constitution.” Journal of Democracy 23(3): 138-146. Bernstein, Richard J. 1976. The Restructuring of Social and Political Theory. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. Bíró-Nagy, András, and Tamás Boros. 2016. “Jobbik Going Mainstream: Strategy Shift of the Far-Right in Hungary.” In L’extrême droite en Europe, ed. Jérôme Jämin, Brussels: Bruylant, 243-263. Bíró-Nagy, András, and Daniel Róna. 2013. “Rational Radicalism: Jobbik’s Road to the Hungarian Parliament, 2003-2010.” In Alternative Politics? The Rise of New Political Parties in Central Europe, eds. Grigorij Mesežnikov, Oľga Gyárfášová, and Zora Bútorová. Bratislava: Institute for
Public Affairs, 149-184. Biskupski, М.В.В. 2012. Independence Day: Myth, Symbol, and the Creation of Modern Poland. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Blokker, Paul. 2019a. “Populism as a Constitutional Project.” International Journal of Constitutional Law 17(2): 536-553. Blokker, Paul. 2019b. “Varieties of Populist Constitutionalism: The Transnational Dimension.” German Law Journal 20(3): 332-350. Bohle, Dorothee, and Béla Greskovits. 2019. “Politicising Embedded Neoliberalism: Continuity and Change in Hungary’s Development Model.” West European Politics 42(5): 1069-1093. “Boris Kollár: Chceme zastaviť finančné zotročovanie ľudí (rozhovor).” 2016. TVNoviny.sk, 15 February 2015. https://www.tvnoviny.sk/domace/1819615_boriskollar-chceme-zastavit-financne-zotrocovanie-ludi-rozhovor. Bozóki, András. 2015. “The Illusion of Inclusion: Configurations of Populism in Hungary.” In Thinking through Transition: Liberal Democracy, Authoritarian Pasts, and Intellectual History in East Central Europe After 1989, eds. Michal Kopeček and Piotr Wciślik. Budapest: CEU Press, 275-311. Brubaker, Rogers. 2017. “Between Nationalism and Civilizationism: The European Populist Moment in Comparative Perspective.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 40(8): 1191-1226. Bucheri, Viliam. 2010. “Je zde demokracie loupeživých baronů.” Mladá fronta DNES, 7 May 2010. Buštíková, Lenka, and Petra Guasti. 2019. “The State as a Firm: Understanding the Autocratic Roots of Technocratic Populism.” East European Politics and Societies 33(2): 302-330.
292 Bibliography Canovan, Margaret. 1999. “Trust the People! Populism and the Two Faces of Democracy.” Political Studies 47(1): 2-16. Canovan, Margaret. 2002. “Taking Politics to the People: Populism as the Ideology of Democracy.” In Democracies and the Populist Challenge, eds. Yves Mény and Yves Surei. Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan, 25-44. Casal Bértoa, Fernando. 2014. “Party Systems and Cleavage Structures Revisited: A Sociological Explanation of Party System Institutionalization in East Central Europe.” Party Politics 20(1): 16-36. Česká pirátská strana. 2013. “Volební program Pirátů pro volby do sněmovny 2013.” https://web.archive.org/web/20131021080104/http://www.pirati.cz/volby2013/ program. Česká pirátská strana. 2017a. “Pustťe nás na ně. Všichni nekradou!” https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=5fD-nQLHHM4. Česká pirátská strana. 2017b. “Volební program ‘Černé na bilém’ pro volby do Poslanecké sněmovny 2017.” https://www.pirati.cz/assets/pdf/program_cerne_na_ bilem.pdf. Česká strana sociálně demokratická. 1996. “Volební program České strany sociálně demokratické.” https://www.cssd.cz/ke-stazeni/volebni-programy/volebniprogram-cssd-pro-volby-1996/. Česká strana sociálně demokratická. 1998. “Volební program ČSSD. Společně s vámi pro lepší budoucnost.” https://www.cssd.cz/ke-stazeni/volebni-programy/ volebni-program-cssd-pro-volby-2008/. Česká strana sociálně demokratická. 2002. “Člověk na prvním místě. Volební pro gram 2002.” https://www.cssd.cz/ke-stazeni/volebni-programy/volebni-programcssd-pro-volby-1/. Česká strana sociálně demokratická. 2010. “Program změny a
naděje. Lepší bu doucnost pro obyčejné lidi.” https://www.cssd.cz/ke-stazeni/volebni-programy/ velky-volebni-program-cssd-pro-volby-2010/. Česká strana sociálně demokratická, and Občanská demokratická strana. 1998. “Smlouva o vytvoření stabilního politického prostředí v České republice uzavřená mezi Českou stranou sociálně demokratickou a Občanskou demokratickou stranou.” https://www.vlada.cz/assets/clenove-vlady/historie-minulych-vlad/ přehled-vlad-cr/1993-2010-cr/milos-zeman/Opozicni-smlouva.pdf. Charta 77. 1977. “Charta 77 - text prohlášení.” http://www.totalita.cz/txt/txt_ch77_ dok_1977_01_01.php. Cianetti, Licia, James Dawson, and Seán Hanley. 2018. “Rethinking ‘Democratic Backsliding’ in Central and Eastern Europe - Looking beyond Hungary and Poland.” East European Politics 34(3): 243-256. Císař, Ondřej, and Václav Štětka. 2017. “Czech Republic: The Rise of Populism from the Fringes to the Mainstream.” In Populist Political Communication in Europe, eds. Toril Aalberg, Frank Esser, Carsten Reinemann, Jesper Strömbäck, and Claes H. de Vreese. London: Routledge, 285-298. Csurka, István. 2012. “Néhány gondolat a rendszerváltozás két esztendeje és az MDF új programja kapcsán.” https://mandiner.hu/cikk/20120204_csurka_ néhány_gondolat_rendszervaltozas_MDF. Dąbrowska, Ewa, Aron Buzogány, and Mihai Varga. 2019. “The ‘Budapest-Warsaw Express’: Conservatism and the Diffusion of Economic Policies in Poland and
Bibliography 293 Hungary.” In New Conservatives in Russia and East Central Europe, eds. Katharina BJuhm and Miliai Varga. London: Routledge, 178-197. Dalton, Russell J., Scott C. Flanagan, and Paul Allen Beck. 1984. “Introduction.” In Electoral Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies: Realignment or Dealignment?, eds. Russell J. Dalton, Scott C. Flanagan, and Paul Allen Beck. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 3-22. Danda, Oldřich. 2010. “Za supermana mě převlékli straníci, ale jsem z masa a kostí, říká Radek John.” Právo, 30 April 2010. Danda, Oldřich, and Jan Rovenský. 2010. “Bárta: bitvu s největším dinosaurem Paroubkem jsme vyhráli.” Právo, 5 June 2010. https://www.novinky.cz/domaci/ clanek/barta-bitvu-s-nejvetsim-dinosaurem-paroubkem-jsme-vyhrali-36769. De Cleen, Benjamin, Benjamin Moffitt, Panos Panayotu, and Yannis Stavrakakis. 2019. “The Potentials and Difficulties of Transnational Populism: The Case of the Democracy in Europe Movement 2025 (DİEM25).” Political Studies 68(1): 146-166. De Cleen, Benjamin, and Yannis Stavrakakis. 2017. “Distinctions and Articulations: A Discourse Theoretical Framework for the Study of Populism and Nationalism.” Javnost - The Public 24(4): 301-319. Debreczeni, József. 2003. Orbán Viktor. Budapest: Osiris. Debreczeni, József. 2009. Arcmás. Budapest: Noran Libro. Deegan-Krause, Kevin. 2012. “Populism, Democracy, and Nationalism in Slovakia.” In Populism in Europe and the Americas: Threat or Corrective for Democracy?, eds. Cas Mudde and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 182-204. Diószegi-
Horváth, Nóra. 2019. “12 pont régen és most.” Mérce, 15 March 2019. https://merce.hu/pp/2019/03/15/2019-marcius-l 5-percrol-percre-a-mercen/12-pontregen-es-most/. Dmowski, Roman. 2007. Myśli nowoczesnego Polaka. Skultuna: Ligatur. Dolejší, Václav. 2010. “Pryč s dinosaury v byznysu, pokračují v boji Věci Veřejné.” Mladá fronta DNES, 4 June 2010. https://www.idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/pryc-s-dinosaury-vbyznysu-pokracuji-v-boji-veci-verqne.A100604_1396095_domaci_nos. Duli, Szabolcs, and Fabián Tamás. 2018. “Egy baloldali-Jobbik kormány is jobb, mint ez a rendszer.” Index.hu, 28 March 2018. https://index.hu/belfold/2018/valasztas/2018/03/ 28/egy.baloldali-jobbik_kotmanyJs jobb mint_ez_a_rendszer_interju karácsony_gergellyel_mszp_parbeszeď. Ekiert, Grzegorz, and Jan Kubik. 1999. Rebellious Civil Society: Popular Protest and Democratic Consolidation in Poland, 1989-1993. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. Engler, Sarah. 2016. “Corruption and Electoral Support for New Political Parties in Central and Eastern Europe.” West European Politics 39(2): 278-304. Engler, Sarah. 2020. “‘Fighting Corruption’ or ‘Fighting the Corrupt Elite’? Politicizing Corruption within and beyond the Populist Divide.” Democratization 27(4): 643-661. Engler, Sarah, Bartek Pytlas, and Kevin Deegan-Krause. 2019. “Assessing the Diversity of Anti-Establishment and Populist Politics in Central and Eastern Europe.” West European Politics 42(6): 1310-1336. Enyedi, Zsolt. 2015. “Plebeians, Citoyens and Aristocrats or Where Is the Bottom of Bottom-Up? The Case of Hungary.” In European Populism in the Shadow of
the
294 Bibliography Great Recession, eds. Hanspeter Kriesi and Takis S. Pappas. Colchester: ECPR Press, 235-250. Enyedi, Zsolt. 2016. “Populist Polarization and Party System Institutionalization.” Problems of Post-Communism 63(4): 210-220. Enyedi, Zsolt, and Daniel Róna. 2018. “Governmental and Oppositional Populism: Competition and Division of Labour.” In Absorbing the Blow: The Impact of Populist Parties on European Party Systems, eds. Steven Wolinetz and Andrej Zaslove. Colchester: ECPR Press, 251-272. Evans, Geoffrey. 2006. “The Social Bases of Political Divisions in Post-Communist Eastern Europe.” Annual Review of Sociology 32: 245-270. Evans, Geoffrey, and Stephen Whitefield. 1993. “Identifying the Bases of Party Competition in Eastern Europe.” British Journal of Political Science 23(4): 521-548. Féja, Géza. 1990. “Beszéd az élcsapatok előtt.” In A népi-urbánus vita dokumentumai 1932-1947, ed. Péter Sz. Nagy. Budapest: Rakéta, 7-11. Fidesz. 1998a. “1998: A Fidesz - Magyar Polgári Párt választási programja (48 pont).” https://gondola.hu/cikkek/6328-1998_AJFidesz_-_Magyar_Polgari_ Part_valasztasi_programja.html. Fidesz. 1998b. “Az Ellenzéki nyilatkozat tíz pontja.” In Magyarország politikai évkönyve 1997-ről, eds. Sándor Kurtán, Péter Sándor, and László Vass. Budapest: Demokrácia Kutatások Magyar Központja Alapítvány, 877. Fidesz. 2006. “Hajrá, Magyarország! A Cselekvő Nemzet Programja.” http://staticold.fidesz.hu/download/zet/programfuzet.pdf. Fowler, Brigid. 2004. “Concentrated Orange: Fidesz and the Remaking of the Hungarian Centre-Right, 1994-2002.” Journal of
Communist Studies and Transition Politics 20(3): 80-114. Freeden, Michael. 1996. Ideologies and Political Theory: A Conceptual Approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Freeden, Michael. 2017. “After the Brexit Referendum: Revisiting Populism as an Ideology.” Journal of Political Ideologies 22(1): 1-11. Független Kisgazda, Földmunkás és Polgári Párt. 1990. “Független Kisgazda, Földmunkás és Polgári Párt.” In Magyarország politikai évkönyve, eds. Sándor Kurtán, Péter Sándor, and László Vass. Budapest: AULA-OMIKK, 501-505. Garver, Bruce M. 1978. The Young Czech Party 1874-1901 and the Emergence of a Multi-Party System. New Haven: Yale University Press. Gerbaudo, Paolo. 2017. “From Cyber-Autonomism to Cyber-Populism: An Ideological History of Digital Activism Paolo Gerbaudo.” tripleC 15(2): 477-489. Germani, Gino. 1978. Authoritarianism, Fascism, and National Populism. New Brunswick: Transaction. Gerring, John. 2007. Case Study Research: Principles and Practices. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Glynos, Jason, and David Howarth. 2007. Logics of Critical Explanation in Social and Political Theory. London: Routledge. Gomułka, Władysław. 1956. “Przemówienie na wiecu w Warszawie.” https://youtu. be/2oLQpTGcPms. Gottwald, Klement. 1948. “Praha, Staroměstské náměstí 25. února 1948. Projev Klementa Gottwalda.” https://www.totalita.cz/txt/txt_o _gottwaldk 1948.02_ 25.pdf.
Bibliography 295 Gresk ovits, Béla. 2015. “The Hollowing and BacksUding of Democracy in East Central Europe.” Global Policy 6(S1): 28-37. Greskovits, Béla. 2017. “Rebuilding the Hungarian Right through Civil Organization and Contention: The Civic Circles Movement.” Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies Research Paper No. RSCAS 2017/37. http://dx.doi. org/10.2139/ssrn.3009623. Griggs, Steven, and David Howarth. 2008. “Populism, Localism and Environmental Politics: The Logic and Rhetoric of the Stop Stansted Expansion Campaign.” Planning Theory 7(2): 123-144. Grzymala-Busse, Anna. 2002. Redeeming the Communist Past: The Regeneration of Communist Parties in East Central Europe. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Gursztyn, Piotr. 2011. “Za cztery lata Tusk z nami przegra.” Rzeczpospolita, 27 October 2011. https://archiwum.rp.pl/artykul/1090105-Za-cztery-lata-Tusk-z-nami-przegra.html. Gyárfášová, Oľga. 2018. “The Fourth Generation: From Anti-Establishment to Anti-Systém Parties in Slovakia.” New Perspectives 26(1): 109-133. Halmai, Gábor. 2019. “Populism, Authoritarianism and Constitutionalism.” German Law Journal 20(3): 296-313. Hanley, Seán. 2008. The New Right in the New Europe: Czech Transformation and Right-Wing Politics, 1989-2006. London: Routledge. Hanley, Seán. 2012. “The Czech Republicans 1990-1998: A Populist Outsider in a Consolidating Democracy.” In Populism in Europe and the Americas: Threat or Corrective for Democracy?, eds. Cas Mudde and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltw asser. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 68-87. Hanley, Sean, and Allan Sikk.
2016. “Economy, Corruption or Floating Voters? Explaining the Breakthroughs of Anti-Establishment Reform Parties in Eastern Europe.” Party Politics 22(4): 522-533. Hanley, Seán, and Milada Anna Vachudova. 2018. “Understanding the Illiberal Turn: Democratic Backsliding in the Czech Republic.” East European Politics 34(3): 276-296. Haughton, Tim. 2001. “HZDS: The Ideology, Organisation and Support Base of Slovakia’s Most Successful Party.” Europe-Asia Studies 53(5): 745-769. Haughton, Tim. 2003a. “Facilitator and Impeder: The Institutional Framework of Slovak Politics during the Premiership of Vladimir Mečiar.” The Slavonic and East European Review 81(2): 267-290. Haughton, Tim. 2003b. ‘“We’ll Finish What We’ve Started’: The 2002 Slovak Parliamentary Elections.” Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics 19(4): 65-90. Haughton, Tim. 2004. “Explaining the Limited Success of the Communist-Successor Left in Slovakia: The Case of the Party of the Democratic Left (SDU).” Party Politics 10(2): 177-191. Havel, Václav. 1978. “Moc bezmocných.” https://ct24.ceskatelevize.cz/sites/default/ files/1817870-vaclavhavel_moc_bezmocnych_1978.pdf. Havel, Václav. 1990. “Novoroční projev prezidenta Václava Havla z 1. ledna 1990.” http://www.modemi-dejiny.cz/clanek/novorocni-projev-prezidenta-vaclava-havlaz-1-ledna-1990/. Havlík, Vlastimil. 2019. “Technocratic Populism and Political Illiberalism in Central Europe.” Problems of Post-Communism 66(6): 369-384.
296 Bibliography Havlík, Vlastimil, and Vít Hloušek. 2014. “Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde: The Story of the Populist Public Affairs Party in the Czech Republic.” Perspectives on European Politics and Society 15(4): 552-570. Hawkins, Kirk A. 2009. “Is Chavez Populist? Measuring Populist Discourse in Comparative Perspective.” Comparative Political Studies 42(8): 1040-1067. Hnutie za demokratické Slovensko. 1994. “Volebné desatoro.” Hnutie za demokratické Slovensko. 1998. “Zmluva na 3. tisícročie medzi HZDS a občanmi Slovenskej republiky.” Hnutie za demokratické Slovensko. 2000. “Deklarácia Hnutia za demokratické Slovensko.” https://web.archive.Org/web/20020615023133/http://www.hzds.sk/do֊ kumenty/deklarácia/. Hnutie za demokratické Slovensko. 2002. “S ľuďmi a pre ľudí.” Honzejk, Petr, Marie Valáškova, and Martin Svozilek. 2010. “Petr Nečas: Místo můžeme nabídnout Topolánkovi i Paroubkovi.” Hospodářské noviny, 18 June 2010. https://archiv.ihned.ez/c1-44329230-misto-muzeme-nabidnout-topolankovii-paroubkovi. Huterer, Andrea. 2007. “Kampf der Rechten und Gerechten. Die politische Rhetorik der Kaczyńskis.” Osteuropa 56(11-12): 53-67. Inglehart, Ronald. 1984. “The Changing Structure of Political Cleavages in Western Society.” In Electoral Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies: Realignment or Dealignment?, eds. Russell J. Dalton, Scott C. Flanagan, and Paul Allen Beck. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 25-69. Ionescu, Ghiţa, and Ernest Gellner. 1969. “Introduction.” In Populism: Its Meaning and National Characteristics, eds. Ghiţa Ionescu and Ernest Gellner. New York: Macmillan,
1-5. “Ja to miłość, wiara, nadzieja i optymizm”. 2010. TVN24, 2 October 2010. https://www. tvn24.pl/wiadomosd-z-kraju,3/ja-to-milosc-wiara-nadzieja-i-optymizm,147851.html. Jagers, Jan, and Stefaan Walgrave. 2007. “Populism as Political Communication Style: An Empirical Study of Political Parties’ Discourse in Belgium.” European Journal of Political Research 46(3): 319-345. Janoušek, Artur, and Václav Janouš. 2017. “Paraziti zaplatí.” Mladá fronta DNES, 13 October 2017. Javorský, František, Katarina Čintalová, Mikuláš Gufrovič, and Anton Selecký, eds. 1992. Dialogy Vladimíra Mečiara. Bratislava: HOS. Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom. 2003. “Alapító Nyilatkozat.” https://www. jobbik.hu/jobbikrol/alapito-nyilatkozat. Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom. 2007a. “Bethlen Gábor Program.” https://www. jobbik.hu/sites/jobbik.hu/down/File/Bethlen_Gabor_program.pdf. Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom. 2007b. “E-hun a dgány ֊ a Hírextra írása a dgánybűnözésről.” https://www.jobbik.hu/rovatok/rolunk_irtak/e-hun_a_cigany_-_a_ hirextra_irasa_a_dganybunozesrol. Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom. 2010. “Radikális változás. A Jobbik országgyűlési választási programja a nemzeti önrendelkezésért és a társadalmi igazságosságért.” https://www.jobbik.hu/sites/default/files/jobbik-program2010gy.pdf. Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom. 2014. “Kimondjuk. Megoldjuk. A Jobbik országgyűlési választási programja a nemzet felemelkedéséért.” https://jobbik-hustatic.azureedge.net/sites/default/files/cikkcsatolmany/kimondjukmegoldjuk2014_ netre.pdf.
Bibliography 297 Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom. 2015. “Legyen népszavazás a bevándorlásról!” https://www.jobbik.hu/videoink/legyen-nepszavazas-bevandorlasrol. Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom. 2018. “Magyar szívvel, józan ésszel, tiszta kézzel. A Jobbik 2018-as választási programja.” https://www.jobbik.hu/magyarsziwel-jozan-esszel-tiszta-kezzel. Kádár, János. 1961. “Kádár János beszéde a Hazafias Népfront Országos Tanácsának ülésén.” http://mnl.gov.hu/mnl/ol/forrasok6. Kania, Dorota, Marcin Dzierżanowski, and Grzegorz Pawelczyk. 2007. “Nie udzielę wywiadu Rydzykowi.” Wprost, 10 June 2007. http://www.prezydent.pl/archiwumlecha-kaczynskiego/wypowiedzi֊prezydenta/wywiady-krajowe/rok-2007/wprost10-czerwca-2007-r-/. Karnowski, Michał, and Piotr Zaremba. 2006. “Nie, nie jestem zmęczony.” Newsweek Polska, 7 May 2006. http://www.newsweek.pl/polska/nie-nie-jestemzmeczony, 14373,1,1 .html. “Karolina Peake bourá W. Nečasová vláda se otřásá”. 2012. Lidové noviny, 17 April 2012. https://www.lidovky.cz/domov/karolina-peake-odchazi-z-veci-verejnych. A120417_170623_ln_domov_ape. Katsambekis, Giorgos. 2016. “Radical Left Populism in Contemporary Greece: Syriza’s Trajectory from Minoritarian Opposition to Power.” Constellations 23(3): 391-403. Katsambekis, Giorgos. 2019. “The Populist Radical Left in Greece: Syriza in Opposition and in Power.” In The Populist Radical Left in Europe, eds. Giorgos Katsambekis and Alexandras Kioupkiolis. London: Routledge, 21—48. Katsambekis, Giorgos. 2020. “Constructing ‘the People’ of Populism: A Critique of the Ideational Approach from a Discursive
Perspective.” Journal of Political Ideologies 1-22. Katsambekis, Giorgos, and Yannis Stavrakakis, eds. 2020. “Populism and the Pandemic.” POPULISMUS Interventions No. 7. http://populismus.gr/wpcontent/uploads/2020/06/interventions-7-populism-pandemic-UPLOAD.pdf. Kereszténydemokrata Néppárt. 1990. “Kereszténydemokrata Néppárt (KDNP).” In Magyarország politikai évkönyve, eds. Sándor Kurtán, Péter Sándor, and László Vass. Budapest: AULA-OMIKK, 511-519. Kim, Seongcheol. 2017. “The Populism of the Alternative for Germany (AfD): An Extended Essex School Perspective.” Paigrave Communications 3(5): 1-11. Kim, Seongcheol. 2020. ‘“Illiberal-demokratische’ Legitimität. Eine konzeptuelle Annäherang und empirische Veranschaulichung am Beispiel des Bundestagswahlkampfs 2017.” In Legitimitätsprobleme. Zur Lage der Demokratie in Deutschland, eds. Sascha Kneip, Wolfgang Merkel, and Bernhard Weßels. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 205-222. Kim, Seongcheol. 2021. “Populism and Anti-Populism in the 2017 Dutch, French, and German Elections: A Re-Politicisation of Post-Politics?” In Rethinking Politicisation in Politics, Sociology and International Relations, ed. Claudia Wiesner. Cham: Paigrave Macmillan, 107-128. Kioupkiolis, Alexandras. 2016. “Podemos: The Ambiguous Promises of Left-Wing Populism in Contemporary Spain.” Journal of Political Ideologies 21(2): 99-120. Kitschelt, Herbert. 1995. “Formation of Party Cleavages in Post-Communist Democracies: Theoretical Propositions.” Party Politics 1(4): 447—472.
298 Bibliography Kitschelt, Herbert, Zdenka Mansfeldová, Radosław Markowski, and Gábor Tóka. 1999. Post-Communist Party Systems: Competition, Representation, and InterParty Cooperation. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Kmenta, Jaroslav, and Václav Dolejší. 2011. “Bárta šel do politiky kvůli zakázkám, vyplývá z jeho tajného plánu.” Mladá fronta DNES, 7 April 2011. https.V/www. idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/barta-byznys-politika-veci-verejne.A110407_194147_domaci_cem. Kolář, Petr. 2018. “KSČM je demokratická strana, zachovala se státotvorně, říká Babiš.” Mladá fronta DNES, 14 July 2018. https://www.idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/ andrej-babis-premier-nova-vlada-kscm-cssd. AI 80713_215432_domaci_zaz. Kolář, Petr, and Hana Čápova. 2009. “Vládnou, ale pouze ‘ze zákrytu.”’ Lidové noviny, 19 November 2009. https://www.lidovky.cz/noviny/vladnou-ale-pouze-zezakrytu.A091119_000008_ln_noviny_sko. Kollár, Boris. 2017. “Oligarchicky mafian Fico sa opat chystá nieco ukradnut.” https://www.facebook.com/1464024763918594/videos/l 821110961543304/. Komitet obywatelski “Solidarność”. 1995. “Program wyborczy komitetu obywa telskiego ‘Solidarność.’” In Programy partii i ugrupowań parlamentarnych 19891991, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN. Komunistická strana Čech a Moravy. 1992. “Program KSČM.” https://www.kscm. cz/sites/default/files/kladensky_program_1992.pdf. Komunistická strana Československa. 1968. “Akční program KSČ.” http://www.68. usd.cas.cz/files/dokumenty/edice/405_l.pdf. Komunistická strana Slovenska. 2002. “Volebný program Komunistickej strany Slovenska.”
https://web.archive.org/web/20021108161131/http://www.kss.sk/ program.php. “Koniec Matovičovej kandidátky! ‘Matovič zabíja svoje dieťa,’ tvrdí Zajac.” 2012. Aktuality.sk, 7 February 2012. https://www.aktuality.sk/clanok/201139/koniecmatovicovej-kandidatky/. Korkut, Umut. 2007. “The 2006 Hungarian Election: Economic Competitiveness versus Social Solidarity.” Parliamentary Affairs 60(4): 675-690. Kotleba - Ľudová strana naše Slovensko. 2016. “10 bodov za naše Slovensko!” http://www.naseslovensko.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Volebn%C3%BD-program-2016.pdf. Koulová, Zuzana. 2017. “Babišovi už nevěřím ani slovo! Tornio Okamura drtivě promlouvá.” Parlamentní listy, 5 April 2017. https://www.parlamentnilisty.cz/arena/ rozhovory/Babisovi-uz-neverim-am-slovo-Tonüo-Okamura-drtive-promlouva-482522. Koutník, Ondřej. 2015. “Andrej Babiš: Nejsem tradiční politik. Nemám odpověď na všechno.” Česká pozice, 19 January 2015. http://ceskapoace.lidovky.cz/tema/andrejbabis-nejsem-tradicni-politik-nemam-odpoved-na-vsechno.A150115_173549_pozicetema_lube. Krapfl, James. 2013. Revolution with a Human Face: Politics, Culture, and Community in Czechoslovakia, 1989-1992. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Krastev, Ivan. 2007. “The Populist Moment.” Critique Humanism (23). https:// www.eurozine.com/the-populist-moment/. Krastev, Ivan. 2011. “The Age of Populism: Reflections on the Self-Enmity of Democracy.” European View 10(1): 11-16. Krekó, Péter, and Gregor Mayer. 2015. “Transforming Hungary - Together? An Analysis of the Fidesz-Jobbik Relationship.” In Transforming the Transformation?
Bibliography 299 The East European Radical Right in the Political Process, ed. Michael Minkenberg. London: Routledge, 183 205. Křesťanská a demokratická unie - Československá strana lidová. “Stručná Historie ČSL a KDU-ČSL.” https://www.kdu.cz/o-nas/historie. Kriesi, Hanspeter. 2014. “The Populist Challenge.” West European Politics 37(2): 361-378. Krok-Paszkowska, Ania. 2003. “Samoobrona: The Polish Self-Defence Movement.” In Uncivil Society? Contentious Politics in Post-Communist Europe, eds. Petr Kopecký and Cas Mudde. London: Routledge, 110-129. Kubíček, Lubomír. 2014. “Tábory lidu v Čechách v 19. století.” Diplom thesis, Charles University Prague, https://is.cuni.cz/webapps/zzp/detail/126300/. Kukiz, Paweł. 2018. “Szczerze przepraszam za wprowadzenie ‘narodowców’ do Sejmu.” https://www.facebook.com/kukizpawel/posts/1725733717494341/. Kukiz’15. 2015. “Strategia zmiany.” https://web.archive.org/web/20160512223846/ https://ruchkukiza.pl/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Strategia-ZmianyKukizl51.pdf. Runštát, Daniel. 2013. Za rudou oponou. Komunisté a jejich voliči po roce 1989. Prague: Sociologické nakladatelství. Kurowska, Ola. 2005. “PO-PiS: Kto kogo atakuje. Zatarg Tuska z Kurskim. Rozmowa z L. Kaczyńskim.” Warszawa - Naszemiasto.pl, 8 September 2005. https://warszawa.naszemiasto.pl/po-pis-kto-kogo-atakuje-zatarg-tuska-z-kurskimrozmowa-z-l/ar/c1-6242073. Laclau, Ernesto. 1977. Politics and Ideology in Marxist Theory: Capitalism, Fascism, Populism. London: New Left Books. Laclau, Ernesto. 1990. New Reflections on the Revolution of Our Time. London: Verso. Laclau, Ernesto. 2005a.
On Populist Reason. London: Verso. Laclau, Ernesto. 2005b. “Populism: What’s in a Name?” In Populism and the Mirror of Democracy, ed. Francisco Panizza. London: Verso, 32-49. Laclau, Ernesto. 2007. Emancipation(s). London: Verso. Laclau, Ernesto, and Chantal Mouffe. 2001. Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Towards a Radical Democratic Politics. London: Verso. “Lech Kaczyński ma krew na rękach”. 2010. TVN24, 5 July 2010. https://www.tvn24. pl/wiadomosci-z-kraju,3/lech֊kaczynski-má-krew-na-rekach, 138976.html. Lefort, Claude. 1986. The Political Forms of Modern Society: Bureaucracy, Democracy, Totalitarianism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Lefort, Claude. 1988. Democracy and Political Theory. Cambridge, UK: Polity. Leinert, Ondřej, and Vojtěch Srnka. 2017. “Stříhám metr.” Mladá fronta DNES, 18 October 2017. Leško, Marián. 1996. Mečiar a mečiarizmus. Politik bez škrupúľ, politika bez zábran. Bratislava: VMV. Lewandowsky, Marcel, Heiko Giebler, and Aiko Wagner. 2016. “Rechtspopulismus in Deutschland. Eine empirische Einordnung der Parteien zur Bundestagswahl 2013 unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der AfD.” Politische Vierteliahresschrift 57(2): 247-275. “Lewica cywilizowana”. 1992. Gazeta Wyborcza, 8 June 1992. Lipset, Seymour Martin. 1960. Political Man: The Social Bases of Politics. New York: Anchor.
300 Bibliography Lipset, Seymour Martin, and Stein Rokkan. 1967. “Cleavage Structures, Party Systems, and Voter Alignments: An Introduction.” In Party Systems and Voter Alignments: Cross-National Perspectives, eds. Seymour Martin Lipset and Stein Rokkan. New York: Free Press, 1֊64. Loew, Peter Oliver. 2005. “Zwillinge zwischen Endecja und Sanacja.” Osteuropa (11). https://www.eurozme.com/zwillinge-zwischen-endecja-und-sanacja/. Lorman, Thomas. 2019. The Making of the Slovak People’s Party: Religion, Nationalism and the Culture War in Early 20th-Century Europe. London: Bloomsbury Academic. Lucardie, Paul. 2000. “Prophets, Purifiers and Prolocutors: Towards a Theory on the Emergence of New Parties.” Party Politics 6(2): 175-185. Magyar Demokrata Forum. 1990. “Magyar Demokrata Forum (MDF).” In Magyarország politikai évkönyve, eds. Sandor Kurtán, Péter Sandor, and László Vass. Budapest: AULA-OMIKK, 520-534. Magyar Igazság és Élet Pártja. 1998. “A nemzetépítő állam. A MIÉP programja.” Magyar Szocialista Párt. 1994. “Az MSZP 1994. évi választási programja.” https:// gondola.hu/cikkek/4816-Az_MSZP_l 994_evLvalasztasLprogramj a.html. Magyar Szocialista Párt. 2002. “Az MSZP 2002. évi választási programja.” https:// gondola.hu/cikkek/8792-Az_MSZP_2002_evi_valasztasi_programja.html. Mair, Peter. 1998. Party System Change: Approaches and Interpretations. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Mair, Peter. 2002. “Populist Democracy vs Party Democracy.” In Democracies and the Populist Challenge, eds. Yves Meny and Yves Surei. Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan, 81-98. Majewski, Paweł. 2015. “Po
wyborach zbuduję struktury.” Rzeczpospolita, 20 October 2015. https://archiwum.rp.pl/artykul/1289794-Po-wyborach-zbudujestruktury.html. Malová, Darina. 2017. “Strengthening Social Democracy in the Visegrad Countries: Limits and Challenges Faced by Smer-SD.” Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. https:// library, fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/prag/13217.pdf. Manin, Bernard. 1997. The Principles of Representative Government. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. March, Luke. 2011. Radical Left Parties in Europe. London: Routledge. Marchart, Oliver. 2007. Post-Foundational Political Thought: Political Difference in Nancy, Lefort, Badiou and Laclau. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Marchart, Oliver. 2017. “Liberaler Antipopulismus. Ein Ausdruck von Postpolitik.” Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte (44-45): 11-16. https://www.bpb.de/apuz/258497/ liberaler-antipopulismus-ein-ausdruck-von-postpolitik?p=all. Marchart, Oliver. 2018. Thinking Antagonism: Political Ontology after Laclau. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Mareš, Miroslav. 2000. “Zahraničně-politické koncepce české krajní pravice.” Středoevropské politické studie 2(1). https://joumals.muni.cz/cepsr/article/view/ 3813/5470. Markowski, Radosław. 2016. “The Polish Parliamentary Election of 2015: A Free and Fair Election That Results in Unfair Political Consequences.” West European Politics 39(6): 1311-1322. “Martinská deklarácia”. 1998. In Dokumenty slovenskej národnej identity a štátnosti, ed. Ján Beňko. Bratislava: Národné literárne centrum, 513-514.
Bibliography ЗОЇ Marttila, Tomas. 2015. Post-Foundational Discourse Analysis: From Political Difference to Empirical Research. Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan. Marttila, Tomas, and Vincent Gengnagel. 2015. “Post-Foundational Discourse Analysis and the Impasses of Critical Inquiry.” Zeitschrift fir Diskursforschung 3(1): 52-69. Marušiak, Juraj. 2006. “Fenomén strany Smer: medzi ‘pragmatizmom’ a sociálnou demokraciou.” Středoevropské politické studie 8(1): 19-55. Masaryk, T.G. 1908. Česká otázka. Snahy a tužby národního obrození. Prague: Pokrok. Masaryk, T.G., Milan Štefánik, and Edvard Beneš. 1918. “Prohlášení československé samostatnosti.” https://www.dejepis.com/dokument/prohlaseniceskoslovenske-samostatnosti/. Matovič, Igor. 2010. “Ako Procházka svine cudzou kukuricou choval.” SME, 3 May 2010. https://matovic.blog.sme.sk/c/227577/Ako-Prochazka-svine-cudzou-kukuricouchoval.html. Matovič, Igor. 2015. “Smer spĺňa všetky parametre organizovanej zločineckej sku piny (kauza kompa).” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jaDp-5GawZI. “Matovič o spolupráci s človekom z Gorily”. 2012. Aktuality.sk, 13 February 2012. https://www.aktuality.sk/clanok/201461/matovic-o-spolupraci-s-clovekom-z-gorily/. “Matovič zavesil na parlament znak gorily s banánom”. 2012. SME, 20 January 2012. https://domov. sme.sk/c/6225012/matovic-zavesil-na-parlament-znak-gorilys-bananom.html. McRae, Donald. 1969. “Populism as an Ideology.” In Populism: Its Meaning and National Characteristics, eds. Ghita Ionescu and Ernest Gellner. New York: Macmillan, 153-165. Mečiar, Vladimír. 1998. “Hľadanie modelu spolužitia.”
In Slovensko, dôveruj si!, ed. Leopold Podstupka. Bratislava: R-Press, 16-18. “Memorandum národa slovenského”. 1998. In Dokumenty slovenskej národnej identity a štátnosti, ed. Ján Beňko. Bratislava: Národné literárne centrum, 336-343. Minogue, Kenneth. 1969. “Populism as a Political Movement.” In Populism: Its Meaning and National Characteristics, eds. Ghiţa Ionescu and Ernest Gellner. New York: Macmillan, 197-211. Möller, Kolja. 2017. “Invocatio Populi. Autoritärer und demokratischer Populismus.” In Das Volk gegen die (liberale) Demokratie: Leviathan Sonderband 32, eds. Dirk Jörke and Oliver Nachtwey. Baden-Baden: Nomos, 255-278. Mouffe, Chantal. 2000. The Democratic Paradox. London: Verso. Mouffe, Chantal. 2005. On the Political. London: Routledge. Mouffe, Chantal. 2018. For a Left Populism. London: Verso. Mudde, Cas. 2000. “In the Name of the Peasantry, the Proletariat, and the People: Populisms in Eastern Europe.” East European Politics and Societies 15(1): 33-53. Mudde, Cas. 2004. “The Populist Zeitgeist.” Government and Opposition 39(4): 541-563. Mudde, Cas. 2007. Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Mudde, Cas. 2017. “Populism: An Ideational Approach.” In The Oxford Handbook of Populism, eds. Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Paul Taggart, Paulina Ochoa Espejo, and Pierre Ostiguy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 27-47.
302 Bibliography Mudde, Cas, and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser. 2013. “Exclusionary vs. Inclusionary Populism: Comparing Contemporary Europe and Latin America.” Government and Opposition 48(2): 147-174. Mudde, Cas, and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser. 2017. Populism: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Müller, Jan-Werner. 2014. “‘The People Must Be Extracted from Within the People’: Reflections on Populism.” Constellations 21(4): 483^193. Müller, Jan-Werner. 2016. Was ist Populismus? Berlin: Suhrkamp. Müller, Jan-Werner. 2017. “Populism and Constitutionalism.” In The Oxford Handbook of Populism, eds. Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Paul Taggart, Paulina Ochoa Espejo, and Pierre Ostiguy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 590-605. Nagy, Imre. 1956a. “Nagy Imre beszéde (az egypártrendszer megszüntetéséről).” https://mek. oszk.hu/01900/01937/html/szerviz/dokument/nagyi30s.htm. Nagy, Imre. 1956b. “Nagy Imre rádióbeszéde [1956. október 25.].” http://mek.oszk. hu/01900/01937/html/szerviz/dokument/nagyi25s.htm. Nagy, Imre. 1956c. “Nagy Imre rádióbeszéde [1956. október 28.].” https://mek.oszk. hu/01900/01937/html/szerviz/dokument/nagyi28s.htm. Nałęcz, Tomasz. 1997. “Dlaczego warto głosować na Unię Pracy?” Gazeta Wyborcza, 19 August 1997. Nizinkiewicz, Jacek. 2015. “W Polsce mamy rzeczywistość jak z ‘Misia’ Barei.” Rzeczpospolita, 11 February 2015. https://archiwum.rp.pl/artykul/1268157-WPolsce-mamy-rzeczywistosc-jak-z-Misia-Barei.html. Nonhoff, Martin. 2006. Politischer Diskurs und Hegemonie. Das Projekt "Soziale Marktwirtschaft. ” Bielefeld: Transcript. Nonhoff,
Martin. 2017. “Antagonismus und Antagonismen - hegemonietheoretische Aufklärung.” In Ordnungen des Politischen. Einsätze und Wirkungen der Hegemonietheorie Ernesto Laclaus, ed. Oliver Marchait. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 81-102. Nonhoff, Martin. 2019. “Hegemony Analysis: Theory, Methodology and Research Practice.” In Discourse, Culture and Organization: Inquiries into Relational Structures of Power, ed. Tomas Marttila. Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan, 63-104. NSZZ Solidarność. 1980. “21 postulatów z 17 sierpnia 1980 roku.” http://www. solidamosc.org.pl/21-postulatow. “O czym marzy Palikot? 15 postulatów posła”. 2010. TVN24, 3 October 2010. https://www.tvn24.pl/wiadomosci-z-kraju,3/o-czym-marzy-palikot-15-postulatowposla, 147903.html. Občanská demokratická strana. 1992. “Volební program ODS. Svoboda a pros perita.” https://www.ods.cz/docs/programy/program_1992.pdf. Občanská demokratická strana. 1996. “Volební program ODS. Parlamentní volby 1996.” https://www.ods.cz/docs/programy/program_1996.pdf. Občanská demokratická strana. 1998. “Hlavu vzhurů. Volební program ODS.” https://www.ods.cz/docs/programy/program_1998.pdf. Občanská demokratická strana. 2006. “Společně pro lepší život. Volební program 2006.” https://www.ods.cz/docs/programy/program_2006.pdf. Občanská demokratická strana. 2010. “Podrobný volební program. Řešení, která pomáhají.” https://www.ods.cz/docs/programy/volebni-program2010.pdf.
Bibliography 303 Občanské fórum. 1990. “Volební program Občanského fóra.” http://www.esbirky.cz/ predmet/3949669. Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2012. “Volebný program hnutia OBYČAJNÍ ĽUDIA a nezávislé osobnosti pre voľby do NR SR v roku 2012.” http://www. noveskolstvo.sk/upIoad/pdf/OLANO_2012.pdf. Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2014. “OBYČAJNÍ ĽUDIA a nezávislé osobnosti - SUPERREFERENDUM.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0_ jppLV-a4M. Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2015. “Bojujeme za ľudí ֊ OBYČAJNÍ ĽUDIA a nezávislé osobnosti.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xVc_PXiOOeM. Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2016a. “IDE O VŠETKO!” https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=01cvnr_qOr4. Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2016b. “Program za ľudské a rozumné Slovensko.” http://www.obycajniludia.sk/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/PROGRAM_OLANO_bez_ orezek_B.pdf. Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2018. “OĽANO: Nepodporíme bábkovú vládu Petra Pellegriniho.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBhS63ErvMo. Obyčajni ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2020a. “My vás nezradíme.” https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=cIiemMpRd_o. Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2020b. “Úprimne odvážne pre ľudí.” https:// www.obycajniludia.sk/program-2020/. Olczyk, Eliza. 2018. “Waldemar Witkowski: Chcę, by prezerwatywy były dostępne w szkołach średnich.” Rzeczpospolita, 4 February 2018. https://www.rp.pl/PlusMinus/302019900-Waldemar-Witkowski-Chce-by-prezerwatywy-byly-dostepnew-szkolach-srednich.html?cid. “Orbán: a kormány még a helyén van, de már megbukott”. 2006. InfoRádió, 24 September
2006. https://infostart.hu/belfold/2006/09/24/orban-a-kormany-meg-ahelyen-van-de-mar-megbukott-74011. Orbán, Viktor. 1989. “Orbán Viktor beszéde Nagy Imre és mártírtársai újratemetésén.” https://youtu.be/4YybjROUMuO. Orbán, Viktor. 2002. “Orbán Viktor beszéde a Dísz téren 2002. május 7.” http:// mkdszl.freeweb.hu/n22/orban020507.html. Orbán, Viktor. 2006. “Évértékelés 2006. Orbán Viktor évértékelő beszéde a budapesti SYMA-csamokban.” https://magyamemzet.hu/archivum/archivum-archivum/orbanviktor-evertekelo-beszede-3-5700542/. Orbán, Viktor. 2007a. “A mai állam egy butikos állam.” http://2010-2015. miniszterelnok.hu/beszed/a_maLallam_egy_butikos_allam. Orbán, Viktor. 2007b. “Az utolsó alkotmányos eszköz: a népszavazás.” http://20102015 .miniszterelnok.hu/beszed/az_utolso_alkotmanyos_eszkoz_a_nepszavazas. Orbán, Viktor. 2007c. “Magyarország szociális válságban vergődik.” http://20102015.miniszterelnok.hu/beszed/magyarorszag_szocialis_valsagban_verg_337_dik. Orbán, Viktor. 2009. “Megőrizni a létezés magyar minőségét.” http://tdyweb. wbteam.com/Orban_Megorizni.htm. Orbán, Viktor. 2010. “Április 11. a mi forradalmunk.” http://2010-2015.miniszterelnök.hu/ beszed/aprilis_l 1 ._a_mi_forradalmunk. Orbán, Viktor. 2012. “Ne kapjon segélyt, aki munkaképes.” http://2010-2015. miniszterelnök ,hu/beszed/ne_kapj on_segelyt_aki_munkakepes.
304 Bibliography Orbán, Viktor. 2014. “A munkaalapú állam korszaka következik.” http://2010-2015. miniszterelnok.hu/beszed/a_munkaalapu_allam_korszaka_kovetkezik. Orbán, Viktor. 2018a. “Orbán Viktor a Kossuth Rádió „180 perc” című műsorában.” http://www.miniszterelnok.hu/orban-viktor-a-kossuth-radio-180perc-cimu-musoraban-25/. Orbán, Viktor. 2018b. “Orbán Viktor ünnepi beszéde az 1848/49. évi forradalom és szabadságharc 170. évfordulóján.” http://www.rmniszterelnok.hu/orban-viktorunnepí-beszede-az-1848-49-evi-forradalom-es-szabadsagharc-170-evfordulojan. “Orbán Viktor a múlt, mi vagyunk a jövő’ - így zajlott a tüntetés a Fidesz székhaza előtt”. 2017. Alfahír, 15 December 2017. https://alfahir.hu/2017/12/15/percrol_ percrej óbbik_tuntetes. Országgyűlés. 2010. “A Nemzeti Együttműködés Programja.” http://www.parlament. hu/irom39/00047/00047.pdf. Országgyűlés. 2011. “Magyarország Alaptörvénye.” http://www.parlament.hu/ irom39/02627/02627-0187.pdf. Ost, David. 1990. Solidarity and the Politics of Anti-Politics: Opposition and Reform in Poland since 1968. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Ost, David. 2005. The Defeat of Solidarity: Anger and Politics in Postcommunist Europe. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Palikot, Janusz. 2010. “Apel do Ruchu Poparcia Palikota.” https://web.archive.org/ web/20100715074106/http://palikot. blog. onet.pl/Apel-do-Ruchu-PoparciaPalikot,2,ID410371072,n. “Palikot napisał list do Millera. Chce debaty”. 2012. Polskie Radio, 24 February 2012. https://www.polskieradio.p1/80/3/Artykul/547909,Palikot-napisal-list-doMillera-Chce-debaty. Palonen,
Emilia. 2009. “Political Polarisation and Populism in Contemporary Hungary.” Parliamentary Affairs 62(2): 318-334. Párbeszéd Magyarországért. 2018. “Változást! Legyen Karácsony!” https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=DoBp9RQr9zI. Parlament České republiky. 2016. “Středa 23. března 2016.” http://www.psp.cz/ eknih/2013ps/stenprot/043schuz/s043003.htm. Parlament České republiky. 2018. “Pátek 19. ledna 2018.” www.psp.cz/eknih/2017ps/ stenprot/006schuz/s006072.htm. “Paweł Kukk wystartuje w wyborach prezydenckich”. 2015. WP.pl, 8 February 2015. https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/pawel-kukk-wystartuje-w-wyborach-prezydenckich-60277617 79978881a. Piłsudski, Józef. 1937. VIII Pisma zbiorowe. Warsaw: Instytut Józefa Piłsudskiego. Piłsudski, Józef. 2008. Odezwy - dekrety - mowy. Skultuna: Ligatur. Pirro, Andrea. 2015. The Populist Radical Right in Central and Eastern Europe: Ideology, Impact, and Electoral Performance. London: Routledge. Platforma Obywatelska. 2007. “Program PO. Polska zasługuje na cud gospodarczy.” Pokorný, Jakub, and Eva Zahradnická. 2017. “Proti všem.” Mladá fronta DNES, 10 October 2017. Polska Partia Socjalistyczna. 1900. “Polska Partia Socjalistyczna w ostatnich pięciu la tach.” http://lewicowo.pl/polska_partia_socjalistyczna_w_ostatnich_pieciu_latach/. Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe. 2001. “Deklaracja ideowa Polskiego Stronnictwa Ludowego.” In Wybory 1993. Partie i ich programy, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 143-150.
Bibliography 305 Pop-Eleches, Grigore. 2010. “Throwing out the Bums: Protest Voting and Unorthodox Parties after Communism.” World Politics 62(2): 221-260. Popławski, Jan Ludwik. 1900. “Nasz demokratyzm.” http://www.polskietradycje.pl/ artykuly/widok/167. Porozumienie Obywatelskiego Centrum. 2001. “Deklaracja programowa Porozumienia Obywatelskiego Centrum.” In Wybory 1991. Programy partii i ugrupowań politycznych, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 146-154. Porter, Brian A. 1992. “Who Is a Pole and Where Is Poland? Territory and Nation in the Rhetoric of Polish National Democracy before 1905.” Slavic Review 51(4): 639-653. Porter, Brian A. 2000. When Nationalism Began to Hate: Imagining Modern Politics in Nineteenth-Century Poland. Oxford: Oxford University Press. “Povolební spolupráce? Piráti by nebyli špatní, odepsal Babiš čtenářům”. 2017. Lidové noviny, 18 October 2017. https://www.lidovky.cz/odpovedi/povolebni-spolupracepirati-by-nebyli-spatni-odepsal-babis-ctenarum.0171017_112805_353 rsa. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2001a. “Manifest polityczny.” http://www.piotrbabinetz.pl/ pdf/manifest.pdf. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2001b. “Program Prawa i Sprawiedliwości.” http://www. piotrbabinetz.pl/pdf/programpis2001 .pdf. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2005. “ГѴ Rzeczpospolita. Sprawedliwość dla Wszystkich.” http://old.pis.org.pl/dokumenty.php?s=partia iddoc=3. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2007. “Dbamy o Polskę. Dbamy o Polaków.” http://old.pis. org.pl/dokumenty.php?s=partia iddoc=144. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2011. “Nowoczesna solidarna bezpieczna Polska.” http://
old.pis.org.pl/dokumenty .php?s=partia iddoc= 157. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2014. “Zdrowie, praca, rodzina. Program Prawa i Sprawedliwości.” http://old.pis.org.pl/dokumenty,php?s=partia iddoc= 164. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2015. “Beata Szydło - Praca, nie obietnice.” https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=7kTtgC3Jx0Q. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2019a. “2019 program Prawa i Sprawiedliwości. Polski model państwa dobrobytu.” http://pis.org.pl/media/download/dll362ba5b8df 458ba7d5873a4aac4f2d015c7a7.pdf. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2019b. “Jarosław Kaczyński - Wystąpienie Prezesa PiS na konwencji w Warszawie.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n8ORGoN7Eo0. “Prohlášení studentů pražských VŠ”. 1990. In Deset pražských dnü. 17.-27. listopad 1989, eds. Milan Otáhal and Zdeněk SládekPrague: Academia, 32. “Provolám Občanského fóra o jeho ustavení a jeho požadavcích”. 1990. In Deset pražských dnů. 17.-27. listopadu 1989, eds. Milan Otáhal and Zdeněk Sládek. Prague: Academia, 47-48. “Przyjdzie dzień, że w Warszawie będzie Budapeszt”. 2011. TVN24, 9 October 2011. https ://www.tvn24.pl/wiadomosci-z-kraju,3/przyjdzie-dzien-ze-w-warszawie-bedzie-budapeszt,186922.html. Rooduijn, Matthijs, Sarah L. de Lange, and Wouter van der Brug. 2014. “A Populist Zeitgeist? Programmatic Contagion by Populist Parties in Western Europe.” Party Politics 20(4): 563-575. Rovira Kaltwasser, Cristóbal. 2012. “The Ambivalence of Populism: Threat and Corrective for Democracy.” Democratization 19(2): 184-208.
306 Bibliography Ruch Palikota. 2011. “Nowoczesna Polska.” https://web.archive.org/web/201110110 31623/http://www.ruchpalikota.org.pl/sites/default/files/rp.file_.3429.231 .pdf. Rybář, Marek, and Kevin Deegan-Krause. 2008. “Slovakia’s Communist Successor Parties in Comparative Perspective.” Communist and Post-Communist Studies 41(4): 497-519. Rychlík, Martin. 2011. “Andrej Babiš: Jsem lídr. A chci vyhrát volby 2014.” Česká pozice, 26 November 2011. http://ceskapozice.lidovky.cz/tema/andrej-babis-jsemIidr-a-chci-vyhrat-volby-2014.Al 11126_120521_pozice_46070. “Rząd bez Unii Pracy”. 1993. Gazeta Wyborcza, 14 October 1993. Sacher, Tomáš. 2013. “Jsem realizátor a budovatel, říká v rozhovoru Andrej Babiš.” Respekt, 30 June 2013. https://www.respekt.cz/z-noveho-cisla/jsem-realizator-a֊ budovatel-rika-v-rozhovoru-andrej-babis. Sadurski, Wojciech. 2019. Poland's Constitutional Brakdown. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 1997. “Rolnicy!” Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2001 a. “Może, a więc musi być lepiej! Krajowy Komitet Wyborczy Samoobrona ֊ Leppera. Materiały programowe.” In Wybory 1993. Partie i ich programy, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 451-480. Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2001b. “Wybory 2001. Jest tylko jedna POLSKA, jest tylko jeden SPOSÓB.” Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2005a. “Deklaracja wyborcza Andrzeja Leppera.” Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2005b. “Do rolników, robotników i in teligencji, do przedsiębiorców prowadzących małe, średnie i wielkie zakłady pracy.”
Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2006. “IV Kongres partii Samoobrony Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Program społeczno-gospodarczy Samoobrony.” In Wybory 2005. Partie i ich programy, eds. Inka Słodkowska and Magdalena Dołbakowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 293-301. Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2007. “Polscy Rolnicy zasługują na PRWADĘ I GODNOŚĆ.” Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2011. “Samoobrona w rządzie koalicyjnym. Realizacja programu społeczno-gospodarczego.” In Wybory 2007. Partie i ich programy, eds. Inka Słodkowska and Magdalena Dołbakowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 331-343. Sartori, Giovanni. 1990. “The Sociology of Parties: A Critical Review.” In The West European Party System, ed. Peter Mair. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 150-182. Sdružení pro republiku - Republikánská strana Československa. 1990. Materiály z ustavujícího sjezdu. Prague: Sdružení pro republiku - Republikánská strana Čes koslovenska. https://www.esbirky.cz/predmet/9000345. Sdružení pro republiku ֊ Republikánská strana Československa. 1992. “Sdružení pro republiku - Republikánská strana Československa vyhlašuje 17 naléhavých opatření pro záchranu životního prostředí v naší zemi.” Sdružení pro republiku - Republikánská strana Československa. 1996. “Program Sdružení pro republiku - Republikánská strana Československa к obnově naší země a jejímu ekonomickému, kulturnímu i politickému povznesení.”
Bibliography ЗО7 Sejm Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej. 1989. “6 posiedzenie Sejmu w dniu 24 sierpnia 1989 r.” http://orka2.sejm.gov.p1/StenogramyX.nsf/0/259278CD28DE3BBDC1257D20002CC6 FD/$ffle/006_000006771 .pdf. Sejm Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej. 1994. “2 kadencja, 13 posiedzenie, 1 dzień (03.03.1994).” http://orka2.sejm.gov.pl/Debata2.nsf/5c30b337b5bc240ecl25746d0030d0fc/dcdlaf95c76 b682ecl2574e500418e32?OpenDocument. Sejm Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej. 2006. “13. posiedzenia Sejmu (Obrady w dniu 14 marca 2006 r.).” http://orka.sejm.gov.p1/StenoInter5.nsf/0/943028CEB3721EAD C12571320001 F927/$file/l 3_a_ksiazka.pdf. Sikk, Allan. 2012. “Newness as a Winning Formula for New Political Parties.” Party Politics 18(4): 465^186. Skilling, H. Gordon. 1961. “Gottwald and the Bolshevization of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (1929-1939).” Slavic Review 20(4): 641-655. Skilling, H. Gordon. 1994. T.G. Masaryk: Against the Current, 1882-1914. Basingstoke: Macmillan. Školkay, Andrej. 2018. “Partial State Capture by a Single Oligarchic Group: The ‘Gorilla Case’ in Slovakia.” Středoevropské politické studie 20(2): 182-203. Sládek, Miroslav. 1992. “Část projevu při mítinku Republikánů dne 13. dubna 1991 na Lorentánském náměstí v Praze.” In . a tak to vidím já, Prague: NADAS AFGH, 116-122. “Slobodný občan, zvrchovaný národ.” 1996. In 5 rokov HZDS v tlači, ed. Odbor verejnej mienky Kancelárie HZDS. Bratislava: HZDS. Sme Rodina ֊ Boris Kollár. 2016a. “O nás.” https://web.archive.org/web/ 20160110180608/http://www.hnutiesmerodina.sk/o-nas.php. Sme Rodina - Boris Kollár. 2016b. “Programové priority
hnutia SME RODINA - Boris Kollár.” https://web.archive.Org/web/20160304232015/http://www.hnutiesmerodina.sk/ programove-priority.php. Sme Rodina - Boris Kollár. 2016c. “Volebný program hnutia Sme Rodina - Boris Kollár.” https://web.archive.Org/web/20160308115731/http://www.hnutiesmerodina.sk/ volebny-program.php. Sme Rodina - Boris Kollár. 2020a. “Program pomoci rodinám 2020.” https://hnutíesmerodina.sk/program/. Sme Rodina - Boris Kollár. 2020b. “SME RODINA ֊ SKUTOČNÁ ZMENA.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=:bk3vbaTHxNM. Smer. 1999. “Tézy politického programu.” https://web.archive.org/web/20001216065 700/http://www.strana-smer.sk/tezy .asp?ID= 1. Smer - sociálna demokracia. 2006. “Smerom k ľuďom.” https://web.archive.org/web/ 20071031 102525/http://www.s trana-smer.sk/uploads/tx. dokumcnt/Volebn_program_strany_SMER_-_soci_lna_demokracia_pre_Vo_318_by_do_N .rodnej. rady_Slovenskej_republiky.pdf. Smer - sociálna demokracia. 2010. “Volebný televízny spot strany SMER - sociálna demokracia.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mmFaT2i5HYE. Smer - sociálna demokracia. 2012. “Náš program. Programové zameranie strany Smer - sociálna demokracia na volebné obdobie 2012 - 2016.” https://web.archíve. org/web/20121213103422/http://www.strana-smer.sk/3239/nas-program. Smer ֊ sociálna demokracia. 2016. ‘“ROBÍME PRE ĽUDÍ, CHRÁNIME SLOVEN SKO’ - VOLEBNÝ STOT.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=90RqImf4pug.
308 Bibliography Smer - tretia cesta. 2002. “Voľte poriadok a slušný život!” https://web.archive.org/ web/20030822152614/http://www.strana-smer.sk/program/volby2002/volebny_ program.pdf. Smilov, Daniel, and Ivan Krastev. 2008. “The Rise of Populism in Eastern Europe: Policy Paper.” In Populist Politics and Liberal Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe, eds. Grigorij Mesežnikov, Oľga Gyárfášová, and Daniel Smilov. Bratislava: Institute for Public Affairs, 7-13. Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej. 2001. “Platforma wyborcza Sojuszu Lewicy Demokratycznej. ‘Tak dalej być nie może!”’ In Wybory 1991. Programy partii i ugrupowań politycznych, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 242-255. Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej and Unia Pracy. 2001. “Porozumienie o zawarciu parlamentarnej koalicji wyborczej Sojuszu Lewicy Demokratycznej i Unii Pracy w wyborach do Sejmu i Senatu w 2001 roku.” In Wybory 2001. Partie i ich programy, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 10-13. Solidarność Pracy. 2001. ‘“Solidarność Pracy’. Program wyborczy.” In Wybory 1991. Programy partii i ugrupowań politycznych, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 101-137. Stanley, Ben. 2008. “The Thin Ideology of Populism.” Journal of Political Ideologies 13(1): 95-110. Stanley, Ben. 2016. “Confrontation by Default and Confrontation by Design: Strategic and Institutional Responses to Poland’s Populist Coalition Government.” Democratization 23(2): 263-282. Stanley, Ben. 2017. “Populism in Central and Eastern Europe.” In The Oxford Handbook of
Populism, eds. Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Paul Taggart, Paulina Ochoa Espejo, and Pierre Ostiguy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 140-160. Stanley, Ben. 2019. “Backsliding Away? The Quality of Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe.” Journal of Contemporary European Research 15(4): 343-353. Stanley, Ben, and Mikołaj Cześnik. 2016. “Poland’s Palikot Movement: Voice of the Disenchanted, Missing Ideological Link or More of the Same?” Party Politics 22(6): 705-718. Stavrakakis, Yannis. 2000. “On the Emergence of Green Ideology: The Dislocation Factor in Green Politics.” In Discourse Theory and Political Analysis: Identities, Hegemonies and Social Change, eds. David Howarth, Aletta Norval, and Yannis Stavrakakis. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 100-118. Stavrakakis, Yannis. 2004. “Antinomies of Formalism: Laclau’s Theory of Populism and the Lessons from Religious Populism in Greece.” Journal of Political Ideologies 9(3): 253-267. Stavrakakis, Yannis. 2007. The Lacanian Left: Psychoanalysis, Theory, Politics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Stavrakakis, Yannis. 2010. “PostDemocracy.” In Alias- of Transformation, eds. Zbyněk Baladran and Vít Havránek. Prague: ЖР Ringier. http://monumenttotransformation. org/atlas-of-transformation/html/p/postdemocracy/postdemocracy-yannis-stavrakakis.html. Stavrakakis, Yannis. 2014. “The Return of ‘the People’: Populism and AntiPopulism in the Shadow of the European Crisis.” Constellations 21(4): 505-517. Stavrakakis, Yannis, Alexandras Kioupkiolis, Giorgos Katsambekis, Nikos Nikisianis, Thomas Siomos. 2016. “Contemporary Left-
Wing Populism in Latin
Bibliography 309 America: Leadership, Horizontalism, and Postdemocracy in Chavez’s Venezuela.” Latin American Politics and Society 58(3): 51-76. Stavrakakis, Yannis, Giorgos Katsambekis, Nikos Nikisianis, Alexandras Kioupkiolis, and Thomas Siomos. 2017. “Extreme Right-Wing Populism in Europe: Revisiting a Reified Association.” Critical Discourse Studies 14(4): 420-439. Stavrakakis, Yannis, Giorgos Katsambekis, Alexandros Kioupkiolis, Nikos Nikisianis, and Thomas Siomos. 2018. “Populism, Anti-Populism and Crisis.” Contemporary Political Theory 17(1): 4—27. Stavrakakis, Yannis, and Anton Jäger. 2018. “Accomplishments and Limitations of the ‘New’ Mainstream in Contemporary Populism Studies.” European Journal of Social Theory 21(4): 547-565. Stegmaier, Mary, and Klára Vlachová. 2011. “The Parliamentary Election in the Czech Republic, May 2010.” Electoral Studies 30(1): 238-241. Stewart, Angus. 1969. “The Social Roots.” In Populism: Its Meaning and National Characteristics, eds. Ghiţa Ionescu and Ernest Gellner. New York: Macmillan, 180-196. Suppan, Arnold. 2004. “Catholic People’s Parties in East Central Europe: The Bohemian Lands and Slovakia.” In Political Catholicism in Europe 1918-45, eds. Wolfram Kaiser and Helmut Wohnout. London: Routledge, 217-234. Šváb, Petr. 2013. “Andrej Babiš: Mňa nikdo neuplatí, já mám dost.” The Epoch Times. http://www.epochtimes.cz/2013091221564/Andrej-Babis-Mna-nikdoneuplati-ja-mam-dost.html. Svoboda a přímá demokracie. 2015a. “Islám do ČR nepatří.” https://www.spd.cz/ novinky/islam-do-cr-nepatri. Svoboda a přímá demokracie. 2015Ե. “Stát jsme
my.” https://www.spd.cz/novinky/ stat-jsme-my. Svoboda a přímá demokracie. 2017. “Politický program.” https://www.spd.cz/program. Szczepula, Barbara. 2005. “Lech Kaczyński w Stoczni Gdańskiej.” PortalMorski.pl, 18 October 2005. https://www.portalmorski.pl/stocznie-statki/1342-lech-kaczynski-wstoczni-gdanskiej. Szczerbiak, Aleks. 2004. “The Polish Centre-Right’s (Last?) Best Hope: The Rise and Fall of Solidarity Electoral Action.” Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics 20(3): 55-79. Szczerbiak, Aleks. 2007. “‘Social Poland’ Defeats ‘Liberal Poland’? The September-October 2005 Polish Parliamentary and Presidential Elections.” Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics 23(2): 203-232. Szczerbiak, Aleks. 2018. “What Are the Prospects for Poland’s Rock Star-Politician Paweł Kukiz?” LSE EUROPP Blog, 12 June 2018. https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/ europpblog/2018/06/12/what-are-the-prospects-for-polands-rock֊star-politicianpawel-kukiz/. Telewizja Republika. 2015. “Telewizja Republika - Jarosław Kaczyński (PİS) - W Punkt 2015-12-11.” https ://www .у o utube. com/watch?v=LCK_biZe_K IJ. Thüringer, Barbara. 2016. “A Jobbik a kvótás népszavazás helyett alaptörvény módosítást akar.” Index.hu, 12 April 2016. https://index.hu/belfold/2016/04/12/ jobbik_kvota_nepszavazas_alaptorveny/. Tvarůžková, Zuzana. 2014. “Ministr financí Andrej Babiš v Interview ČT24.” ČT24, 11 August 2014. https://www.mfcr.cz/cs/aktualne/v-mediich/2014/ministr-financiandrej-babis-v-interview-18780.
310 Bibliography Učeň, Peter. 2007. “Parties, Populism, and Anti-Establishment Politics in East Centra] Europe.” SAIS Review of International Affairs 27(1): 49-62. Unia Demokratyczna. 2001. “Unia Demokratyczna: Z programu Unii Demokratycznej.” In Wybory 1991. Programy partii i ugrupowań politycznych, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 237-239. Unia Pracy. 1992. “Deklaracja założycielska Unii Pracy.” Unia Pracy. 1995. “U progu XXI wieku. Program Unii Pracy.” Unia Pracy. 1998. “Uchwała VI Kongresu UP w sprawie sytuacji społecznopolitycznej oraz kierunków działania UP.” Unia Pracy. 1999. “Deklaracja programowa.” https://web.archive.org/web/20000303 03315 l/http://www.uniapracy.org.pl/. Unia Pracy. 2000a. “Oświadczenie Unii Pracy w sprawie zawłaszczania publicznych pieniędzy przez elity polityczne.” Unia Pracy. 2000b. “Przemówienie Marka Pola (VII Kongres).” Unia Pracy. 2001. “Przywróćmy nadzieję. Dokument programowy Unii Pracy.” In Wybory 1993. Partie i ich programy, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 351-376. Unia Pracy. 2004. “Zasługujesz na więcej. Deklaracja wyborcza 15 czerwca 1997.” In Wybory 1997. Partie i ich programy, eds. Inka Słodkowska and Magdalena Dołbakowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 21-28. Úsvit přímé demokracie. 2013. “Program hnutí.” https://web.archive.org/web/ 20131016112400/http ://www.hnutiusvit.cz/program-hnutí/. Úsvit přímé demokracie. 2014. “Petice za zpřísnění imigrační politiky EU.” https:// web.archive.org/web/20140429075905/http://www.hnutiusvit.cz/petice-za-zprisneni-
imigracni-politiky-eu/. Varga, Mihai. 2014. “Hungary’s ‘Anti-Capitalisť Far-Right: Jobbik and the Hungarian Guard.” Nationalities Papers 42(5): 791-807. 1996 “Vážení spoluobčania.” 1996. In 5 rokov HZDS v tlači, ed. Odbor verejnej mienky Kancelárie HZDS. Bratislava: HZDS, 41. Věci veřejné. 2010a. “Politický program.” https://www.olympic.cz/financovani/docs/ W.pdf. Věci veřejné. 2010b. “Volební spot s kandidáty Věcí veřejných.” https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=w8pHu04WXMY. Verejnosť proti násiliu. 1989. “Programové vyhlásenie občianskej iniciatívy Verejnosti proti násiliu a Koordinačného výboru slovenských vysokoškolákov.” http://www.humanisti.sk/view.php?cisloclanku=2012110042. Verejnosť proti násiliu. 1990. “Šanca pre Slovensko.” Vláda Slovenskej republiky. 1995. “Programové vyhlásenie vlády Slovenskej re publiky.” https://www.nrsr.sk/dl/Browser/DsDocumenť?documentId=289948. Vossen, Koen. 2011. “Classifying Wilders: The Ideological Development of Geert Wilders and His Party for Freedom.” Politics 31(3): 179-189. 1996 “Vyhlásenie zástupcov Trnavskej iniciativy VPN.” 1996. In J rokov HZDS v tlači, ed. Odbor verejnej mienky Kancelárie HZDS. Bratislava: HZDS, 22. Výklad programu Slovenskej národnej strany”. 1998. In Dokumenty slovenskej národnej identity a štátnostis, ed. Ján Beňko. Bratislava: Národné literárne cen trum, 401-406. “Výzva Slovenskej národnej rady k národu slovenskému!.” 1998. In Dokumenty
Bibliography 311 slovenskej národnej identity a štátnosti, ed. Ján Beňko. Bratislava: Národné literárne centrum, 315-317. Wielowieyska, Dominika, and Wojciech Załuska. 2001. “Jarosław Kaczyński: Rzeczpospolitej trzeba się bać.” Gazeta Wyborcza, http://wyborcza.p1/l,76842, 311518.html. Wiles, Peter. 1969. “A Syndrome, Not a Doctrine.” In Populism: Its Meaning and National Characteristics, eds. Ghiţa Ionescu and Ernest Gellner. New York: Macmillan, 166-179. Williams, Kieran. 2000. “Introduction: What Was Mečiarism?” In Slovakia after Communism and Mečiarism, London: UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies, 1-16. Wullweber, Joscha. 2017. “Staat, Ökonomie und globale Politik. Laclaus Hegemonietheorie und die Internationale Politische Ökonomie.” In Ordnungen des Politischen. Einsätze und Wirkungen der Hegemonietheorie Ernesto Laclaus, ed. Oliver Marchart. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 169-192. “Wygwizdano Wałęsę i Borusewicza.” 2009. WP.pl. https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/ wygwizdano-walese-i-bonisewicza-6037840718590593а. Žantovský, Petr. 2016. “Exkluzivní VIDEO: Miloš Zeman rozstřílel ‘totalitní pražskou kavárnu’ a její média. Tak drsně jako dosud ne. To způsobí úžas.” Parlamentní listy. https://www.parlamentnilisty.cz/arena/rozhovory/ExkluzivniVIDEO-Milos-Zeman-rozstrilel-totalitni-prazskou-kavarnu-a-jeji-media-Takdrsne-jako-dosud-ne-To-zpusobi-uzas-440834. “Zero tolerancji dla przemocy w szkole”. 2006. Naszemiasto.pl. https://naszemiasto. pl/zero-tolerancji-dla-przemocy-w-szkole/ar/cl-4416988. “Žiadosti slovenského národa”. 1998. In Dokumenty slovenskej národnej identity a
štátnosti, 307-310: Národné literárne centrum. “Žilinská dohoda”. 1998. In Dokumenty slovenskej národnej identity a štátnosti. Bratislava: Národné literárne centrum, 179-183. Žižek, Slavoj. 2006. “Against the Populist Temptation.” Critical Inquiry 32(3): 551-574.
Index Note: Page numbers followed by “n” indicate note section. Action of Dissatisfied Citizens (ANO) 52, 83-90, 91, 93, 94-6, 97-99, 100-2, 280, 282-5 Alliance of Free Democrats (SZDSZ) 116, 119, 121, 123-5, 128, 132-3, 275, 277 Alliance of the New Citizen (ANO) 244 antagonism 5, 18, 26-8, 36, 38-40, 43, 48nl, 57-8, 70-2, 104n7; antagonistic frontier 5-6, 26-30, 35-9, 42, 56, 65, 77, 85, 124, 137, 151, 154, 178, 186, 194-7, 207, 241, 248, 250, 260, 279 Antall, József 110-11, 117-20, 122-3, 274 anti-communism 41-2, 62-8, 70, 75,120, 172-3, 188; see also populism, anti communist anti-liberalism 41-2, 138-9, 142-3, 164-5, 174-9, 181-2, 184-9, 191-201, 210, 278-9, 284-5; see also populism, anti-liberal anti-populism 41-2, 75 anti-Semitism 120, 165-6, 212 authoritarianism 1, 22, 24-5, 30, 56-7, 126, 133-7, 142, 156, 168, 196, 202, 226, 233, 278-82, 284-6 Babiš, Andrej 1, 83-90, 94-6, 98-9, 100-2, 284 backsliding see democracy, democratic backsliding Bárta, Vít 77-80, 82, 100 Bokros package 123, 127 Bugaj, Ryszard 174, 178, 180 business-firm party 1, 284 Čapí hnízdo affair 88-90, 98-99, 101 Center Alliance (PC) 173, 185, 188, 278 Central Anti-Corruption Bureau (CBA) 187, 189-90, 197, 204 Christian Democratic Movement (KDH) 228-30, 244, 246 Christian Democratic Union ֊ Czechoslovak People’s Party (KDUČSL) 70, 76, 86; see also Czechoslovak People’s Party (ČSL) Civic Center Alliance (РОС) 172-3, 188 Civic Democratic Party (ODS) 69-77, 80-2, 96, 98, 102, 275 Civic Forum (OF) 45, 59-63, 65, 67-70, 275-6 Civic Platform (PO) 185, 188, 191-5, 197, 199, 201-2, 205, 207, 209. 277,
279-80, 283 class politics 17-21, 26, 40, 54-8, 113, 166-7, 169-70, 172, 174 cleavages 16-24 communism 40-1, 56-8, 60, 63-8, 70-2, 113-4, 117, 172-3, 176, 188, 195, 199-200; see also anti-communism Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (KSČM) 71-2, 75-6, 95-6 Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ) 52-3, 56-60, 63-8, 100, 226-7 constitution: of Czechoslovakia 57-8; of Hungary 116, 134-5, 137, 145, 147, 154; of Poland 211-2 Constitutional court: of the Czech Republic 76; of Hungary 134; of Poland 196, 202 contingency 5-6, 14-15, 18-24, 26-7, 30, 38, 43, 46-7 contrariety 6, 36, 38, 48 Csurka, István 119-21, 124, 140, 143
Index Czech Pirate Party 52, 96-102, 275, 280, 283-4 Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD) 70-6, 79-82, 86-7, 95, 98, 102, 280 Czechoslovak People’s Party (ČSL) 55-56, 70 Dawn of Direct Democracy 52, 83, 90-3, 97, 100-2, 275, 283-4, 286 democracy 5, 9, 21—4, 28, 30, 37-8, 41, 54-5, 61-3, 70-1, 95,100, 111, 118-19, 130-3, 136, 145, 168, 196, 200, 225, 228, 237, 285; democratic backsliding 1, 284; direct 81, 90, 95, 97; liberal 2-3, 37, 138, 233, 285 Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) 173-4, 177-8, 180-1, 184-6, 188, 192, 207-8, 213-4 Democratic Union (UD) 172, 177, 185, 275 Dialogue for Hungary (PM) 153-7, 279-80, 285 difference: logic of 5-6, 26, 28, 30, 36-41, 45-6, 48 discourse: discourse analysis 2, 6, 8-10, 35, 38, 42-3, 46-8; discursive architectonics 4, 6, 15, 29, 39; see also post-foundationalism, postfoundational discourse analysis dislocation 4, 6, 9, 24, 38, 46, 52, 76, 82, 90, 96, 100, 113, 115-6, 120, 128-9, 156, 170, 172, 181, 187, 193, 196, 222, 235, 237, 245, 249, 252-3, 258, 276-7, 281, 287, 287n2 Duda, Andrzej 201, 209, 212 Dzurinda, Mikuláš 222, 235-6, 238—44, 249, 264, 277, 282 empty signifier 6, 27, 31n4, 36-40, 62, 65, 67, 81-2, 84, 91, 94,99,130-1,139-41, 147, 150, 154, 170, 176-7, 185-6, 190-1, 200, 206-7, 210-11, 237-8, 241-2, 248, 256-7 Endecja 165-7, 190 equivalence: chain of 5, 26-8, 36-40; logic of 5-6, 9, 26-30, 35-43, 48 European Union (EU) 22, 72, 89, 91-4, 124, 137-40, 149-50, 153, 196, 212, 235; membership in 72, 124, 196, 235; opposition to 72, 93-4, 196 Fico, Robert 222, 236, 239-43, 245, 249, 251-3, 258-60, 264, 267n3 313 Fidesz 110-11, 116-7,
119, 121-45, 147-59, 159n3, 159n4, 272, 274, 276-81, 284-7 floating signifier 99, 207, 242 Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD) 52, 92-5, 99-102, 275, 280, 283-4 Freedom and Solidarity (SaS) 246, 252, 261 Gomułka, Władysław 165, 169, 213 Gorilla affair 249-50 Gottwald, Klement 56, 61 Gyurcsány, Ferenc 125-9, 132, 153, 156 Havel, Václav 39, 53, 58-62, 69, 99, 227-8, 231 hegemonic formation 6-8, 35, 42-6, 104n7, 271, 287n2; “post-November” 8, 45-6, 52-3, 69-73, 75-6, 100, 102, 104n7, 274; “System of National Cooperation” see System of National Cooperation (NER) hegemony: theory of4-6,26, 37-8,42-6; see also hegemonic formation Hungarian Democratic Forum (MDF) 110-11, 116-25, 133, 275-7 Hungarian Guard 144 Hungarian Justice and Life Party (MIÉP) 110-11, 121-5, 139, 144, 156, 274, 276, 285 Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP) 110-11, 118, 121-8, 132, 134, 140-1, 148-51, 153-7, 159n3, 275, 277-80, 285 ideational: approaches to populism see populism, ideational approaches to; ideational turn 2, 9, 14, 20, 23 illiberalism 22, 41-2, 48n3, 81, 90, 102, 110, 138-41, 150, 156, 202, 234, 243; see also populism, illiberal imaginaries 4, 6-9, 35, 43-6, 48n4; national 53, 55, 110-12, 119, 122-3, 125-6, 133-5, 137, 156, 165, 202, 223-5, 227, 233, 263, 277-8; post-1989 4, 8-9, 45-6, 58, 61-2, 69-70, 72, 77, 100, 110, 117, 119, 122-3, 125-6, 133-5, 137, 156, 164-5, 172, 188, 195, 222-3, 244, 264, 271-5, 277-82, 286 Independent Smallholders Party (FKGP) 113, 116-7, 122, 124-5, 144 institutionalism 30, 35, 39, 57-61, 72-3, 99, 110, 115-6, 118-20, 123, 125,
314 Index 128-9, 132-9, 145, 151-2, 155-6, 171-2, 177, 197, 201, 208, 224-6, 229-31, 233, 238, 243, 245, 258, 263, 273, 279, 285; authoritarian 57, ПО, 133-7, 139, 142, 147, 156, 168, 233, 279, 281, 285; humanist 59-61; socialdemocratic 125, 128, 181, 247, 280 Jobbik 110-11, 129, 134, 136-7, 139-57, 159, 159η6, 271, 275-6, 279-81, 283-5, 287 John, Radek 77-8, 80, 82 Kaczyński, Jarosław 1, 172-3, 186-8, 191, 194-5, 200-3, 205-7, 212 Kaczyński, Lech 173, 188, 193-4, 196-8, 205 Kádár, János 114-6, 118 Karácsony, Gergely ПО, 153-6, 159 Klaus, Václav 69-71, 79-80, 83, 231-2 Kollár, Boris 222, 254-60, 263, 265, 284 Kotleba, Marian 222, 261-3 Kukiz, Paweł 209, 212 Kukiz’15 165, 208-15, 275, 277, 279-80, 282-4 Laclau, Ernesto 2-7, 14—15, 18, 26-30, 31n4, 35-7, 39-43 Law and Justice (PiS) 40, 164-6, 173, 185-205, 207-15, 271-2, 277-80, 282, 284-7 League of Polish Families (LPR) 186, 191, 194, 196 Lepper, Andrzej 182, 184-7, 196-7, 213 LGBT rights: opposition to 202, 204; support for 206 liberalism 9,41-2, 54, 74, 96-7,101,116, 119, 121-2, 138, 143-4, 153-4, 164-5, 172-81, 184-8, 191-201, 205-7, 213-1, 233, 236-8, 240, 242, 244-5, 275, 277-9, 282-3; see also neo-liberalism; see also populism, liberal logic: fantasmatic 6-7, 35,43-4, 48n4; of difference see difference; of equivalence see equivalence; political 2-3, 6-8, 15, 35, 41-4, 274, 285; social 6-7, 35, 43—4 Masaryk, Tomáš Garrigue 53-6, 225 Matovič, Igor 245-6, 248-54 Mečiar, Vladimír 8, 46, 222-3, 228-33, 235, 237-8, 240-5, 262-5, 266nl, 271, 274, 277, 282 Mouffe, Chantal 5-6, 14, 26, 36, 39, 42-3 Movement for a Democratic
Slovakia (HZDS) 222-3, 229^46, 263, 265, 266n2, 274-6, 282, 285 Mudde, Cas 2-3, 23-5, 30, 31n2 Nagy, Imre 114, 116-7 nationalism 1, 6, 25, 29-30, 38-41, 55, 65-9, 92-3, 110-2,115, 120-8, 138-52, 156-8, 164-7, 172, 182-93, 196-7, 201-4, 208-13, 222-7, 230-35, 237, 240, 242-3, 245, 262-3, 274-5, 279, 283-6; economic 65, 93, 146-7, 150, 234, 285; ethno- 45, 69, 81, 115, 118, 120-3, 143-4, 147, 150, 152, 232, 235, 261-2, 264, 274, 281, 283; populist 6, 40, 122, 124, 126-7, 139-44, 156-7, 274, 277; see also populism, nationalist nativism 6, 29-30,48n2, 68, 91-5,140-1, 150, 152, 254-8, 260, 263, 286, 287n4; see also populism, nativist neo-liberalism 42, 63-5, 67, 69-70, 73-5, 79, 81, 85, 90-1, 93, 102, 122-3, 145, 172, 208, 231, 283, 286; see also populism, neo-liberal nodal point 6, 26, 37-8, 40-1, 61, 73-4, 84, 86, 88, 93-4, 123-4, 138, 150, 174, 176, 195, 234, 244, 248 Okamura, Tornio 83, 90, 92-5 Opposition Agreements 71, 75-6, 100 Orbán, Viktor 1, 39, 42, 47, 116-17, 124-39, 141-3,150-1, 156,158-9, 277, 279, 285 Ordinary People and Independent Personalities (OLaNO) 222-3, 245-55, _ 257, 260-1, 264-5, 275, 277, 283—4 Őszöd speech 125, 128-9, 144, 156, 276, 281 Palikot, Janusz 205, 208, 214 Palikoťs Movement (RP) 165, 205-8, 211-12, 214-15, 275, 277, 279-80, 282-4, 286 Party of the Democratic Left (SDĽ) 232-3, 235, 239, 243-4 people’s camps (tábory lidu) 53-4 People’s Party Our Slovakia (ĽSNS) 223, 245, 261-4, 275, 277, 285 Piłsudski, Józef 167-8, 190
Index Polish People’s Party (PSL) 174, 177-8, 181, 184-6, 188, 197, 199, 213-4 Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR) 169-71, 173, 175, 192, 199 Politics Can Be Different (LMP) 134, 153 popular writers (népi írók) 112-13 populism: anti-clerical 205-7, 214, 283; anti-communist 52, 57, 62, 64-8, 100, 120; anti-liberal 139, 143, 164-5, 174-6, 178-9, 181-2, 184-9, 191-4, 196-201, 203, 210, 213-14, 278-9, 282-5; anti-party 208-9, 212, 223, 247-50, 252, 257,264, 284; centrist 52, 79, 81, 85 , 87, 222-3, 238, 240-5 , 249, 257, 263-4, 271, 282-3, 286; conservative 41, 223, 248, 264, 283; entrepreneur 52, 84, 88, 100, 223, 255, 257-8, 264-5, 284; ideational approaches to 5, 9, 14—15, 20, 23-8, 30; illiberal 110,139-41, 156; in power 52, 87-8, 136, 139, 187, 194, 196-7, 285, 287n3; left-wing 110-11, 154-7, 175-6, 178-9, 181, 213, 279, 285; liberal 17, 41, 52, 96-7, 165, 205-7, 214, 283, 286; nationalist 6, 40, 52, 65-7, 100, 146-7, 149-51, 155, 157, 165-6, 176, 183-94, 201, 203-4, 208-11, 213, 275, 279, 283-6; nativist 52, 91, 94, 110,140-1,156, 223, 255-8, 260, 263-4, 283, 286; neo-conservative 52, 93-4; neo-liberal 42, 52, 64-5, 81, 90-1, 286; objectivist approaches to 9, 14-9, 23-7, 30; post-foundational approaches to 1, 4, 6, 9, 14-15, 25-6, 30, 36, 44, 47; right-wing 39-41, 286; social 110-11, 127, 129-32, 136, 141-2, 145, 156, 164, 183-5, 198-201, 203, 205, 210, 214, 277-9, 281, 285-6 post-foundationalism 1, 5-6, 9, 14-15, 25-6, 30, 40, 42-4, 46-7; postfoundational discourse analysis 6, 35-6, 38, 42, 46-7, 287n2; see also populism, post-foundational approaches to psychoanalysis
22, 48n4 Public Affairs (W) 52, 77-83, 87, 90-1, 100, 102, 104n9, 275-6, 280, 282-4, 286 Public Against Violence (VPN) 222, 226-30, 275-6 Rally for the Republic - Republican 315 Party of Czechoslovakia (SPR-RSČ) 52-3, 57, 62-72, 100, 102, 104n5, 274, 276, 285 reductionism 39-40, 55-6, 113, 150, 166, 223, 262-4 referendum: demand for 77, 90, 93, 96, 132, 137, 150, 153, 209, 211, 232, 245-6, 250, 259; in Hungary 122, 126-7, 132, 135, 137, 140, 150; in Poland 169, 209; in Slovakia 250 Roma: discourses against 68-9, 75, 81, 102, 143-4, 147, 149, 243, 262-3 Rywin affair 181, 185-6 Sanacja 165, 168, 190-1, 210 sedimentation 6, 14, 42-3 Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland (SRP) 164-5, 181-8, 196-7, 209-10, 213-5, 275-6, 278, 283, 285, 287nl Sládek, Miroslav 47, 62-3, 65-8, 102, 104n5 Slovak Democratic and Christian Union - Democratic Party (SDKÚ-DS) 243-4, 246, 249 Slovak Democratic Coalition (SDK) 235, 243 Slovak National Party (SNS) 225, 227, 232-3, 243, 245-6, 252 Slovak People’s Party (SĽS) 225-6, 236, 261-2 Sme Rodina 222-3, 245, 254-61, 263-5, 275, 277, 283-4 Smer 222-3, 236, 239-47, 249-54, 257-8, 261-2, 264-5, 267n4, 267n5, 271, 275-7, 282-3, 285 socialism 18, 25, 41, 57-8, 70-1, 114, 169-70; social democracy 70,125, 128, 153, 174, 181, 222, 240, 242, 244, 247, 264, 280; state socialism 1, 44-5, 275 Solidarity Electoral Action (AWS) 179, 185, 188, 191, 195, 276 Solidarity: trade union 8, 46, 164-5, 170-6, 178-80, 188-9, 191,194-5, 211, 213-4, 271-2, 274-6, 278, 282 Solidarność see Solidarity, trade union Soros, George: discourses against 39, 110, 119, 139-42, 156,
278-9, 284 system change (rendszerváltás) 110-12, 116-20, 123-6, 133-5, 143, 156, 272, 274, 277-8 System of National Cooperation (NER) 41, 111, 134-6, 138,141-2,147, 155-6, 278-81, 287
316 Index Topolánek, Mirek 75-7, 80, 87 Tusk, Donald 188, 193-5, 199, 202, 205-7 Vona, Gábor 144-6, 148, 150-3 Union of Labor (UP) 164-5, 174-81, 184-5,188,208,213-15,217ո2, 274-6, 278, 285 Zeman, Miloš 71-2, 83, 104nl0 Bayerisch· Staatsbibliothek Mönchen Wałęsa, Lech 170, 172, 196, 217nl |
| adam_txt |
Contents List of Figures List of Tables Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations Introduction: discourse, hegemony, populism, and the Visegrád Four Populism and the Visegrad Four: an oft-trodden, yet under excavated terrain 2 Discourse - hegemony - populism: from concept to analysis 5 Research questions and objectives 7 Structure of the book 9 References 10 xi xii xiii xv 1 1 Discourse ֊ hegemony - populism: a conceptual horizon Populism as expression and deviation: objectivist approaches to populism 15 Populism as thin construction: ideational approaches to populism 20 Populism as construction and royal road: post-foundational approaches to populism 26 References 31 14 2 Discourse - hegemony - populism: a framework for analysis Analyzing populism and its conceptual Other(s) 35 Research questions and case selection 43 Source material and selection 46 References 48 35
viii Contents 3 Populism in the Czech Republic Introduction 52 Historical background: the saga of “the people” from the “people’s camps” to Masaryk to Gottwald 53 “Your government, people, has returned to you!” The “postNovember” imaginary and the anti-communist nationalist populism of the Republicans 58 The anti-communist nationalist populism of the Rally for the Republic - Republican Party of Czechoslovakia (1990-92) 62 The “post-November” hegemonic formation (1992-2006) 69 “People” vs. “politicians” (2010-present): a break in the “post-November" imaginary 77 The centrist populism of Public Affairs (2010) 77 ANO: from centrist entrepreneur populism (2011-13) to a centrist populism of “hard work” in power (2014-present) 83 Dawn of Direct Democracy and Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD): from neo-liberal nativist populism (2013) to neo-conservative nativist populism (2017) 90 ANO and SPD as competing populisms (2017) 94 The liberal populism of the Czech Pirate Party (2013, 2017) 96 Conclusion and summary 99 References 104 52 4 Populism in Hungary Introduction 110 Historical background: the saga of “the people” between 1848, 1956, and 1989 111 “Hungarianhood” (magyarság) vs. “Hungary” (Magyarország) : the divided imaginary of the “system change” 117 “The prime minister of 15 million Hungarians”: the Hungarian Democratic Forum (MDF) between institutionalism and populist nationalism (1990-93) 117 The populist nationalisms of the Hungarian Justice and Life Party (1993-2002) and Fidesz (1997, 2002-04) 121 110
Contents ix The national-conservative social populism of Fidesz (2006-09) 127 The “System of National Cooperation” (NER) as hegemonic formation (2010-present) 134 From “illiberal state” to “Stop Soros”: the illiberal populist nationalism in power of Fidesz (2014-18) 138 Jobbik: between anti-liberal populist nationalism and na tionalist populism 142 The nationalist populism of Jobbik (2010, 2014, 2017-18) 145 The left-wing populism of the Dialogue for Hungary Hungarian Socialist Party alliance (2018) 153 Conclusion and summary 156 References 160 5 Populism in Poland Introduction 164 Historical background: the saga of "the people” from Endecja and Sanacja to Gomułka 165 Post-“Solidarity” to. anti-“liberalism”: the divided imaginary of post-1989 transition 172 The anti-liberal left-wing populism of the Union of Labor (1993, 1997-2000) 174 The anti-liberal nationalist and social populism of the SelfDefense of the Republic of Poland (2001-05) 182 “Solidaristic Poland” vs. “Liberal Poland”: a break in the post-1989 imaginary 188 The anti-liberal nationalist populism of Law and Justice (2001-07) 188 The anti-liberal nationalist and social populism ofLaw and Justice (2007-14, 2019) 198 The anti-clerical liberal populism of Palikot’s Movement (2010-11) 205 The nationalist anti-party populism of Kukiz’15 (2015) 208 Conclusion and summary 213 References 217 164
x Contents 6 Populism in Slovakia Introduction 222 Historical background: the saga of “thepeople” between 1848, 1918, and 1989 223 Pro- vs. anti-Mečiar: the divided imaginary of post-1989 transition 229 Between nationalism and populism: the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (HZDS) 229 The centrist populism of the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (2002) 236 “Just like they stole under Mečiar, so they steal under Dzurinda”: a break in the post-1989 imaginary 239 The centrist populism of the early Smer (1999-2002) 239 The conservative anti-party populism of Ordinary People and Independent Personalities (2012-present) 245 The naiivisi entrepreneur populism of Sme Rodina (2016-present) 254 Between ethno-nationalist reductionism and populism: Kotleba - People’s Party Our Slovakia (2016-present) 261 Conclusion and summary 263 References 267 222 7 Conclusions: discourse, hegemony, and populism after ’89 Patterns ofpopulism: hegemonic and counter-hegemonic, centrist, conservative, liberal, nationalist, nativist, social 272 Populism as hegemonic and counter-hegemonic logic: from the first to the fourth generation 272 Centrist, conservative, liberal, nationalist, nativist, social populisms 282 Final remarks and outlook 286 References 288 271 Bibliography Index 290 312
Bibliography “A 12 pont, avagy ‘Mit kíván a magyar nemzet’.” 1848. https://marciusl5.kormany. hu/a-12-pont-tortenete-2013. “A Jobbik elnöke a nemmel szavazásra buzdít.” 2016. Gondola.hu, 20 September 2016. https://gondola.hu/hirek/193683-A_Jobbik_elnoke_a_nemmel_szavazasra_ buzdit_.html. A Kádár-kormány felhívása.” 1993. In A “Jelcin-dosszié”. Szovjet dokumentumok 1956ról, eds. Éva Gál, András B. Hegedűs, György Litván, and János M. Rainer. Budapest: Századvég, 89-93. “A magyar nemzet függetlenségi nyilatkozata.” 1849. http://mek.oszk.hu/04800/04834/ html/kossuth0083/kossuth0083.html. “A műegyetemisták 16 pontja.” 1956. https://mek.oszk.hu/01900/01937/html/szerviz/ dokument/bme 16ps.htm. “A teljes balatonöszödi szöveg.” 2007. Népszabadság Online, 26 May 2007. http://nol. hu/archívum/archiv-417593-228304. Ágh, Attila. 1993. “The ‘Comparative Revolution’ and the Transition in Central and Southern Europe.” Journal of Theoretical Politics 5(2): 231-252. Agócs, Sándor, and Endre Medvigy, eds. 1991. Lakitelek 1987. A magyarság esélyei. A tanácskozás hiteles jegyzőkönyve. Lakitelek: Antológia-Püski. Akcja Wyborcza Solidarność. 2004. “Program Akcji Wyborczej Solidarność.” In Wybory 1997. Partie i ich programy, eds. Inka Słodkowska and Magdalena Dołbakowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 102-108. Albertazzi, Daniele, and Duncan McDonnell. 2008. “Introduction: The Sceptre and the Spectre.” In Twenty-First Century Populism: The Spectre of Western European Democracy, eds. Daniele Albertazzi and Ducan McDonnell. Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan, 1-11. Alianca nového občana.
2002. “Volebný program Aliancie nového občana." https:// web.archive. org/web/2004010218263. ANO. 2011. “Výzva ANO 2011.” https://www.anobudelip.cz/file/edee/ke-stazeni/ostatni/ ano-vyzva-ano.pdf. ANO. 2013. “Zkrácený program.” https://web.archive.org/web/20130925034139/http.·// www.anobudelip.cz/cs/o-ANO. ANO. 2017. “Teď nebo nikdy. Ten jediný program, který potřebujete.” https://www. anobudelip.cz/file/edee/2017/09/program-hnuti-ano-pro-volby-do-poslanecke-snemovny.pdf.
Bibliography 291 Antall, József. 1994. “A nemzeti megújhodás útján.” In Modell és valóság. Budapest: Athenaeum Nyomda, 42-71. Arditi, Benjamin. 2005. “Populism as an Internal Periphery of Democratic Politics.” In Populism and the Mirror of Democracy, ed. Francisco Panizza. London: Verso, 72-98. Arditi, Benjamin. 2010. “Review Essay: Populism Is Hegemony Is Politics? On Ernesto Laclau’s On Populist Reason.” Constellations 17(3): 488-497. “Az előre hozott választás a legfőbb ügy”. 2007. Magyar Nemzet, 1 June 2007. https://magyamemzet.hu/archivum/archivum-magyamemzet/az-elore-hozott-valasztas-a-legfobb-ugy-5909948/. Babiš, Andrej. 2017. O čem sním, když náhodou spím. Prague: ANO. Bakke, Elisabeth, and Nick Sitter. 2020. “The EU’s Enfants Terribles: Democratic Backsliding in Central Europe since 2010.” Perspectives on Politics: 1-16. Bánkutí, Miklós, Gábor Halmai, and Kim Lane Scheppele. 2012. “Hungary’s Illiberal Turn: Disabling the Constitution.” Journal of Democracy 23(3): 138-146. Bernstein, Richard J. 1976. The Restructuring of Social and Political Theory. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. Bíró-Nagy, András, and Tamás Boros. 2016. “Jobbik Going Mainstream: Strategy Shift of the Far-Right in Hungary.” In L’extrême droite en Europe, ed. Jérôme Jämin, Brussels: Bruylant, 243-263. Bíró-Nagy, András, and Daniel Róna. 2013. “Rational Radicalism: Jobbik’s Road to the Hungarian Parliament, 2003-2010.” In Alternative Politics? The Rise of New Political Parties in Central Europe, eds. Grigorij Mesežnikov, Oľga Gyárfášová, and Zora Bútorová. Bratislava: Institute for
Public Affairs, 149-184. Biskupski, М.В.В. 2012. Independence Day: Myth, Symbol, and the Creation of Modern Poland. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Blokker, Paul. 2019a. “Populism as a Constitutional Project.” International Journal of Constitutional Law 17(2): 536-553. Blokker, Paul. 2019b. “Varieties of Populist Constitutionalism: The Transnational Dimension.” German Law Journal 20(3): 332-350. Bohle, Dorothee, and Béla Greskovits. 2019. “Politicising Embedded Neoliberalism: Continuity and Change in Hungary’s Development Model.” West European Politics 42(5): 1069-1093. “Boris Kollár: Chceme zastaviť finančné zotročovanie ľudí (rozhovor).” 2016. TVNoviny.sk, 15 February 2015. https://www.tvnoviny.sk/domace/1819615_boriskollar-chceme-zastavit-financne-zotrocovanie-ludi-rozhovor. Bozóki, András. 2015. “The Illusion of Inclusion: Configurations of Populism in Hungary.” In Thinking through Transition: Liberal Democracy, Authoritarian Pasts, and Intellectual History in East Central Europe After 1989, eds. Michal Kopeček and Piotr Wciślik. Budapest: CEU Press, 275-311. Brubaker, Rogers. 2017. “Between Nationalism and Civilizationism: The European Populist Moment in Comparative Perspective.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 40(8): 1191-1226. Bucheri, Viliam. 2010. “Je zde demokracie loupeživých baronů.” Mladá fronta DNES, 7 May 2010. Buštíková, Lenka, and Petra Guasti. 2019. “The State as a Firm: Understanding the Autocratic Roots of Technocratic Populism.” East European Politics and Societies 33(2): 302-330.
292 Bibliography Canovan, Margaret. 1999. “Trust the People! Populism and the Two Faces of Democracy.” Political Studies 47(1): 2-16. Canovan, Margaret. 2002. “Taking Politics to the People: Populism as the Ideology of Democracy.” In Democracies and the Populist Challenge, eds. Yves Mény and Yves Surei. Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan, 25-44. Casal Bértoa, Fernando. 2014. “Party Systems and Cleavage Structures Revisited: A Sociological Explanation of Party System Institutionalization in East Central Europe.” Party Politics 20(1): 16-36. Česká pirátská strana. 2013. “Volební program Pirátů pro volby do sněmovny 2013.” https://web.archive.org/web/20131021080104/http://www.pirati.cz/volby2013/ program. Česká pirátská strana. 2017a. “Pustťe nás na ně. Všichni nekradou!” https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=5fD-nQLHHM4. Česká pirátská strana. 2017b. “Volební program ‘Černé na bilém’ pro volby do Poslanecké sněmovny 2017.” https://www.pirati.cz/assets/pdf/program_cerne_na_ bilem.pdf. Česká strana sociálně demokratická. 1996. “Volební program České strany sociálně demokratické.” https://www.cssd.cz/ke-stazeni/volebni-programy/volebniprogram-cssd-pro-volby-1996/. Česká strana sociálně demokratická. 1998. “Volební program ČSSD. Společně s vámi pro lepší budoucnost.” https://www.cssd.cz/ke-stazeni/volebni-programy/ volebni-program-cssd-pro-volby-2008/. Česká strana sociálně demokratická. 2002. “Člověk na prvním místě. Volební pro gram 2002.” https://www.cssd.cz/ke-stazeni/volebni-programy/volebni-programcssd-pro-volby-1/. Česká strana sociálně demokratická. 2010. “Program změny a
naděje. Lepší bu doucnost pro obyčejné lidi.” https://www.cssd.cz/ke-stazeni/volebni-programy/ velky-volebni-program-cssd-pro-volby-2010/. Česká strana sociálně demokratická, and Občanská demokratická strana. 1998. “Smlouva o vytvoření stabilního politického prostředí v České republice uzavřená mezi Českou stranou sociálně demokratickou a Občanskou demokratickou stranou.” https://www.vlada.cz/assets/clenove-vlady/historie-minulych-vlad/ přehled-vlad-cr/1993-2010-cr/milos-zeman/Opozicni-smlouva.pdf. Charta 77. 1977. “Charta 77 - text prohlášení.” http://www.totalita.cz/txt/txt_ch77_ dok_1977_01_01.php. Cianetti, Licia, James Dawson, and Seán Hanley. 2018. “Rethinking ‘Democratic Backsliding’ in Central and Eastern Europe - Looking beyond Hungary and Poland.” East European Politics 34(3): 243-256. Císař, Ondřej, and Václav Štětka. 2017. “Czech Republic: The Rise of Populism from the Fringes to the Mainstream.” In Populist Political Communication in Europe, eds. Toril Aalberg, Frank Esser, Carsten Reinemann, Jesper Strömbäck, and Claes H. de Vreese. London: Routledge, 285-298. Csurka, István. 2012. “Néhány gondolat a rendszerváltozás két esztendeje és az MDF új programja kapcsán.” https://mandiner.hu/cikk/20120204_csurka_ néhány_gondolat_rendszervaltozas_MDF. Dąbrowska, Ewa, Aron Buzogány, and Mihai Varga. 2019. “The ‘Budapest-Warsaw Express’: Conservatism and the Diffusion of Economic Policies in Poland and
Bibliography 293 Hungary.” In New Conservatives in Russia and East Central Europe, eds. Katharina BJuhm and Miliai Varga. London: Routledge, 178-197. Dalton, Russell J., Scott C. Flanagan, and Paul Allen Beck. 1984. “Introduction.” In Electoral Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies: Realignment or Dealignment?, eds. Russell J. Dalton, Scott C. Flanagan, and Paul Allen Beck. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 3-22. Danda, Oldřich. 2010. “Za supermana mě převlékli straníci, ale jsem z masa a kostí, říká Radek John.” Právo, 30 April 2010. Danda, Oldřich, and Jan Rovenský. 2010. “Bárta: bitvu s největším dinosaurem Paroubkem jsme vyhráli.” Právo, 5 June 2010. https://www.novinky.cz/domaci/ clanek/barta-bitvu-s-nejvetsim-dinosaurem-paroubkem-jsme-vyhrali-36769. De Cleen, Benjamin, Benjamin Moffitt, Panos Panayotu, and Yannis Stavrakakis. 2019. “The Potentials and Difficulties of Transnational Populism: The Case of the Democracy in Europe Movement 2025 (DİEM25).” Political Studies 68(1): 146-166. De Cleen, Benjamin, and Yannis Stavrakakis. 2017. “Distinctions and Articulations: A Discourse Theoretical Framework for the Study of Populism and Nationalism.” Javnost - The Public 24(4): 301-319. Debreczeni, József. 2003. Orbán Viktor. Budapest: Osiris. Debreczeni, József. 2009. Arcmás. Budapest: Noran Libro. Deegan-Krause, Kevin. 2012. “Populism, Democracy, and Nationalism in Slovakia.” In Populism in Europe and the Americas: Threat or Corrective for Democracy?, eds. Cas Mudde and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 182-204. Diószegi-
Horváth, Nóra. 2019. “12 pont régen és most.” Mérce, 15 March 2019. https://merce.hu/pp/2019/03/15/2019-marcius-l 5-percrol-percre-a-mercen/12-pontregen-es-most/. Dmowski, Roman. 2007. Myśli nowoczesnego Polaka. Skultuna: Ligatur. Dolejší, Václav. 2010. “Pryč s dinosaury v byznysu, pokračují v boji Věci Veřejné.” Mladá fronta DNES, 4 June 2010. https://www.idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/pryc-s-dinosaury-vbyznysu-pokracuji-v-boji-veci-verqne.A100604_1396095_domaci_nos. Duli, Szabolcs, and Fabián Tamás. 2018. “Egy baloldali-Jobbik kormány is jobb, mint ez a rendszer.” Index.hu, 28 March 2018. https://index.hu/belfold/2018/valasztas/2018/03/ 28/egy.baloldali-jobbik_kotmanyJs jobb mint_ez_a_rendszer_interju karácsony_gergellyel_mszp_parbeszeď. Ekiert, Grzegorz, and Jan Kubik. 1999. Rebellious Civil Society: Popular Protest and Democratic Consolidation in Poland, 1989-1993. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. Engler, Sarah. 2016. “Corruption and Electoral Support for New Political Parties in Central and Eastern Europe.” West European Politics 39(2): 278-304. Engler, Sarah. 2020. “‘Fighting Corruption’ or ‘Fighting the Corrupt Elite’? Politicizing Corruption within and beyond the Populist Divide.” Democratization 27(4): 643-661. Engler, Sarah, Bartek Pytlas, and Kevin Deegan-Krause. 2019. “Assessing the Diversity of Anti-Establishment and Populist Politics in Central and Eastern Europe.” West European Politics 42(6): 1310-1336. Enyedi, Zsolt. 2015. “Plebeians, Citoyens and Aristocrats or Where Is the Bottom of Bottom-Up? The Case of Hungary.” In European Populism in the Shadow of
the
294 Bibliography Great Recession, eds. Hanspeter Kriesi and Takis S. Pappas. Colchester: ECPR Press, 235-250. Enyedi, Zsolt. 2016. “Populist Polarization and Party System Institutionalization.” Problems of Post-Communism 63(4): 210-220. Enyedi, Zsolt, and Daniel Róna. 2018. “Governmental and Oppositional Populism: Competition and Division of Labour.” In Absorbing the Blow: The Impact of Populist Parties on European Party Systems, eds. Steven Wolinetz and Andrej Zaslove. Colchester: ECPR Press, 251-272. Evans, Geoffrey. 2006. “The Social Bases of Political Divisions in Post-Communist Eastern Europe.” Annual Review of Sociology 32: 245-270. Evans, Geoffrey, and Stephen Whitefield. 1993. “Identifying the Bases of Party Competition in Eastern Europe.” British Journal of Political Science 23(4): 521-548. Féja, Géza. 1990. “Beszéd az élcsapatok előtt.” In A népi-urbánus vita dokumentumai 1932-1947, ed. Péter Sz. Nagy. Budapest: Rakéta, 7-11. Fidesz. 1998a. “1998: A Fidesz - Magyar Polgári Párt választási programja (48 pont).” https://gondola.hu/cikkek/6328-1998_AJFidesz_-_Magyar_Polgari_ Part_valasztasi_programja.html. Fidesz. 1998b. “Az Ellenzéki nyilatkozat tíz pontja.” In Magyarország politikai évkönyve 1997-ről, eds. Sándor Kurtán, Péter Sándor, and László Vass. Budapest: Demokrácia Kutatások Magyar Központja Alapítvány, 877. Fidesz. 2006. “Hajrá, Magyarország! A Cselekvő Nemzet Programja.” http://staticold.fidesz.hu/download/zet/programfuzet.pdf. Fowler, Brigid. 2004. “Concentrated Orange: Fidesz and the Remaking of the Hungarian Centre-Right, 1994-2002.” Journal of
Communist Studies and Transition Politics 20(3): 80-114. Freeden, Michael. 1996. Ideologies and Political Theory: A Conceptual Approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Freeden, Michael. 2017. “After the Brexit Referendum: Revisiting Populism as an Ideology.” Journal of Political Ideologies 22(1): 1-11. Független Kisgazda, Földmunkás és Polgári Párt. 1990. “Független Kisgazda, Földmunkás és Polgári Párt.” In Magyarország politikai évkönyve, eds. Sándor Kurtán, Péter Sándor, and László Vass. Budapest: AULA-OMIKK, 501-505. Garver, Bruce M. 1978. The Young Czech Party 1874-1901 and the Emergence of a Multi-Party System. New Haven: Yale University Press. Gerbaudo, Paolo. 2017. “From Cyber-Autonomism to Cyber-Populism: An Ideological History of Digital Activism Paolo Gerbaudo.” tripleC 15(2): 477-489. Germani, Gino. 1978. Authoritarianism, Fascism, and National Populism. New Brunswick: Transaction. Gerring, John. 2007. Case Study Research: Principles and Practices. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Glynos, Jason, and David Howarth. 2007. Logics of Critical Explanation in Social and Political Theory. London: Routledge. Gomułka, Władysław. 1956. “Przemówienie na wiecu w Warszawie.” https://youtu. be/2oLQpTGcPms. Gottwald, Klement. 1948. “Praha, Staroměstské náměstí 25. února 1948. Projev Klementa Gottwalda.” https://www.totalita.cz/txt/txt_o _gottwaldk 1948.02_ 25.pdf.
Bibliography 295 Gresk ovits, Béla. 2015. “The Hollowing and BacksUding of Democracy in East Central Europe.” Global Policy 6(S1): 28-37. Greskovits, Béla. 2017. “Rebuilding the Hungarian Right through Civil Organization and Contention: The Civic Circles Movement.” Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies Research Paper No. RSCAS 2017/37. http://dx.doi. org/10.2139/ssrn.3009623. Griggs, Steven, and David Howarth. 2008. “Populism, Localism and Environmental Politics: The Logic and Rhetoric of the Stop Stansted Expansion Campaign.” Planning Theory 7(2): 123-144. Grzymala-Busse, Anna. 2002. Redeeming the Communist Past: The Regeneration of Communist Parties in East Central Europe. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Gursztyn, Piotr. 2011. “Za cztery lata Tusk z nami przegra.” Rzeczpospolita, 27 October 2011. https://archiwum.rp.pl/artykul/1090105-Za-cztery-lata-Tusk-z-nami-przegra.html. Gyárfášová, Oľga. 2018. “The Fourth Generation: From Anti-Establishment to Anti-Systém Parties in Slovakia.” New Perspectives 26(1): 109-133. Halmai, Gábor. 2019. “Populism, Authoritarianism and Constitutionalism.” German Law Journal 20(3): 296-313. Hanley, Seán. 2008. The New Right in the New Europe: Czech Transformation and Right-Wing Politics, 1989-2006. London: Routledge. Hanley, Seán. 2012. “The Czech Republicans 1990-1998: A Populist Outsider in a Consolidating Democracy.” In Populism in Europe and the Americas: Threat or Corrective for Democracy?, eds. Cas Mudde and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltw asser. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 68-87. Hanley, Sean, and Allan Sikk.
2016. “Economy, Corruption or Floating Voters? Explaining the Breakthroughs of Anti-Establishment Reform Parties in Eastern Europe.” Party Politics 22(4): 522-533. Hanley, Seán, and Milada Anna Vachudova. 2018. “Understanding the Illiberal Turn: Democratic Backsliding in the Czech Republic.” East European Politics 34(3): 276-296. Haughton, Tim. 2001. “HZDS: The Ideology, Organisation and Support Base of Slovakia’s Most Successful Party.” Europe-Asia Studies 53(5): 745-769. Haughton, Tim. 2003a. “Facilitator and Impeder: The Institutional Framework of Slovak Politics during the Premiership of Vladimir Mečiar.” The Slavonic and East European Review 81(2): 267-290. Haughton, Tim. 2003b. ‘“We’ll Finish What We’ve Started’: The 2002 Slovak Parliamentary Elections.” Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics 19(4): 65-90. Haughton, Tim. 2004. “Explaining the Limited Success of the Communist-Successor Left in Slovakia: The Case of the Party of the Democratic Left (SDU).” Party Politics 10(2): 177-191. Havel, Václav. 1978. “Moc bezmocných.” https://ct24.ceskatelevize.cz/sites/default/ files/1817870-vaclavhavel_moc_bezmocnych_1978.pdf. Havel, Václav. 1990. “Novoroční projev prezidenta Václava Havla z 1. ledna 1990.” http://www.modemi-dejiny.cz/clanek/novorocni-projev-prezidenta-vaclava-havlaz-1-ledna-1990/. Havlík, Vlastimil. 2019. “Technocratic Populism and Political Illiberalism in Central Europe.” Problems of Post-Communism 66(6): 369-384.
296 Bibliography Havlík, Vlastimil, and Vít Hloušek. 2014. “Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde: The Story of the Populist Public Affairs Party in the Czech Republic.” Perspectives on European Politics and Society 15(4): 552-570. Hawkins, Kirk A. 2009. “Is Chavez Populist? Measuring Populist Discourse in Comparative Perspective.” Comparative Political Studies 42(8): 1040-1067. Hnutie za demokratické Slovensko. 1994. “Volebné desatoro.” Hnutie za demokratické Slovensko. 1998. “Zmluva na 3. tisícročie medzi HZDS a občanmi Slovenskej republiky.” Hnutie za demokratické Slovensko. 2000. “Deklarácia Hnutia za demokratické Slovensko.” https://web.archive.Org/web/20020615023133/http://www.hzds.sk/do֊ kumenty/deklarácia/. Hnutie za demokratické Slovensko. 2002. “S ľuďmi a pre ľudí.” Honzejk, Petr, Marie Valáškova, and Martin Svozilek. 2010. “Petr Nečas: Místo můžeme nabídnout Topolánkovi i Paroubkovi.” Hospodářské noviny, 18 June 2010. https://archiv.ihned.ez/c1-44329230-misto-muzeme-nabidnout-topolankovii-paroubkovi. Huterer, Andrea. 2007. “Kampf der Rechten und Gerechten. Die politische Rhetorik der Kaczyńskis.” Osteuropa 56(11-12): 53-67. Inglehart, Ronald. 1984. “The Changing Structure of Political Cleavages in Western Society.” In Electoral Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies: Realignment or Dealignment?, eds. Russell J. Dalton, Scott C. Flanagan, and Paul Allen Beck. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 25-69. Ionescu, Ghiţa, and Ernest Gellner. 1969. “Introduction.” In Populism: Its Meaning and National Characteristics, eds. Ghiţa Ionescu and Ernest Gellner. New York: Macmillan,
1-5. “Ja to miłość, wiara, nadzieja i optymizm”. 2010. TVN24, 2 October 2010. https://www. tvn24.pl/wiadomosd-z-kraju,3/ja-to-milosc-wiara-nadzieja-i-optymizm,147851.html. Jagers, Jan, and Stefaan Walgrave. 2007. “Populism as Political Communication Style: An Empirical Study of Political Parties’ Discourse in Belgium.” European Journal of Political Research 46(3): 319-345. Janoušek, Artur, and Václav Janouš. 2017. “Paraziti zaplatí.” Mladá fronta DNES, 13 October 2017. Javorský, František, Katarina Čintalová, Mikuláš Gufrovič, and Anton Selecký, eds. 1992. Dialogy Vladimíra Mečiara. Bratislava: HOS. Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom. 2003. “Alapító Nyilatkozat.” https://www. jobbik.hu/jobbikrol/alapito-nyilatkozat. Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom. 2007a. “Bethlen Gábor Program.” https://www. jobbik.hu/sites/jobbik.hu/down/File/Bethlen_Gabor_program.pdf. Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom. 2007b. “E-hun a dgány ֊ a Hírextra írása a dgánybűnözésről.” https://www.jobbik.hu/rovatok/rolunk_irtak/e-hun_a_cigany_-_a_ hirextra_irasa_a_dganybunozesrol. Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom. 2010. “Radikális változás. A Jobbik országgyűlési választási programja a nemzeti önrendelkezésért és a társadalmi igazságosságért.” https://www.jobbik.hu/sites/default/files/jobbik-program2010gy.pdf. Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom. 2014. “Kimondjuk. Megoldjuk. A Jobbik országgyűlési választási programja a nemzet felemelkedéséért.” https://jobbik-hustatic.azureedge.net/sites/default/files/cikkcsatolmany/kimondjukmegoldjuk2014_ netre.pdf.
Bibliography 297 Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom. 2015. “Legyen népszavazás a bevándorlásról!” https://www.jobbik.hu/videoink/legyen-nepszavazas-bevandorlasrol. Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom. 2018. “Magyar szívvel, józan ésszel, tiszta kézzel. A Jobbik 2018-as választási programja.” https://www.jobbik.hu/magyarsziwel-jozan-esszel-tiszta-kezzel. Kádár, János. 1961. “Kádár János beszéde a Hazafias Népfront Országos Tanácsának ülésén.” http://mnl.gov.hu/mnl/ol/forrasok6. Kania, Dorota, Marcin Dzierżanowski, and Grzegorz Pawelczyk. 2007. “Nie udzielę wywiadu Rydzykowi.” Wprost, 10 June 2007. http://www.prezydent.pl/archiwumlecha-kaczynskiego/wypowiedzi֊prezydenta/wywiady-krajowe/rok-2007/wprost10-czerwca-2007-r-/. Karnowski, Michał, and Piotr Zaremba. 2006. “Nie, nie jestem zmęczony.” Newsweek Polska, 7 May 2006. http://www.newsweek.pl/polska/nie-nie-jestemzmeczony, 14373,1,1 .html. “Karolina Peake bourá W. Nečasová vláda se otřásá”. 2012. Lidové noviny, 17 April 2012. https://www.lidovky.cz/domov/karolina-peake-odchazi-z-veci-verejnych. A120417_170623_ln_domov_ape. Katsambekis, Giorgos. 2016. “Radical Left Populism in Contemporary Greece: Syriza’s Trajectory from Minoritarian Opposition to Power.” Constellations 23(3): 391-403. Katsambekis, Giorgos. 2019. “The Populist Radical Left in Greece: Syriza in Opposition and in Power.” In The Populist Radical Left in Europe, eds. Giorgos Katsambekis and Alexandras Kioupkiolis. London: Routledge, 21—48. Katsambekis, Giorgos. 2020. “Constructing ‘the People’ of Populism: A Critique of the Ideational Approach from a Discursive
Perspective.” Journal of Political Ideologies 1-22. Katsambekis, Giorgos, and Yannis Stavrakakis, eds. 2020. “Populism and the Pandemic.” POPULISMUS Interventions No. 7. http://populismus.gr/wpcontent/uploads/2020/06/interventions-7-populism-pandemic-UPLOAD.pdf. Kereszténydemokrata Néppárt. 1990. “Kereszténydemokrata Néppárt (KDNP).” In Magyarország politikai évkönyve, eds. Sándor Kurtán, Péter Sándor, and László Vass. Budapest: AULA-OMIKK, 511-519. Kim, Seongcheol. 2017. “The Populism of the Alternative for Germany (AfD): An Extended Essex School Perspective.” Paigrave Communications 3(5): 1-11. Kim, Seongcheol. 2020. ‘“Illiberal-demokratische’ Legitimität. Eine konzeptuelle Annäherang und empirische Veranschaulichung am Beispiel des Bundestagswahlkampfs 2017.” In Legitimitätsprobleme. Zur Lage der Demokratie in Deutschland, eds. Sascha Kneip, Wolfgang Merkel, and Bernhard Weßels. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 205-222. Kim, Seongcheol. 2021. “Populism and Anti-Populism in the 2017 Dutch, French, and German Elections: A Re-Politicisation of Post-Politics?” In Rethinking Politicisation in Politics, Sociology and International Relations, ed. Claudia Wiesner. Cham: Paigrave Macmillan, 107-128. Kioupkiolis, Alexandras. 2016. “Podemos: The Ambiguous Promises of Left-Wing Populism in Contemporary Spain.” Journal of Political Ideologies 21(2): 99-120. Kitschelt, Herbert. 1995. “Formation of Party Cleavages in Post-Communist Democracies: Theoretical Propositions.” Party Politics 1(4): 447—472.
298 Bibliography Kitschelt, Herbert, Zdenka Mansfeldová, Radosław Markowski, and Gábor Tóka. 1999. Post-Communist Party Systems: Competition, Representation, and InterParty Cooperation. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Kmenta, Jaroslav, and Václav Dolejší. 2011. “Bárta šel do politiky kvůli zakázkám, vyplývá z jeho tajného plánu.” Mladá fronta DNES, 7 April 2011. https.V/www. idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/barta-byznys-politika-veci-verejne.A110407_194147_domaci_cem. Kolář, Petr. 2018. “KSČM je demokratická strana, zachovala se státotvorně, říká Babiš.” Mladá fronta DNES, 14 July 2018. https://www.idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/ andrej-babis-premier-nova-vlada-kscm-cssd. AI 80713_215432_domaci_zaz. Kolář, Petr, and Hana Čápova. 2009. “Vládnou, ale pouze ‘ze zákrytu.”’ Lidové noviny, 19 November 2009. https://www.lidovky.cz/noviny/vladnou-ale-pouze-zezakrytu.A091119_000008_ln_noviny_sko. Kollár, Boris. 2017. “Oligarchicky mafian Fico sa opat chystá nieco ukradnut.” https://www.facebook.com/1464024763918594/videos/l 821110961543304/. Komitet obywatelski “Solidarność”. 1995. “Program wyborczy komitetu obywa telskiego ‘Solidarność.’” In Programy partii i ugrupowań parlamentarnych 19891991, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN. Komunistická strana Čech a Moravy. 1992. “Program KSČM.” https://www.kscm. cz/sites/default/files/kladensky_program_1992.pdf. Komunistická strana Československa. 1968. “Akční program KSČ.” http://www.68. usd.cas.cz/files/dokumenty/edice/405_l.pdf. Komunistická strana Slovenska. 2002. “Volebný program Komunistickej strany Slovenska.”
https://web.archive.org/web/20021108161131/http://www.kss.sk/ program.php. “Koniec Matovičovej kandidátky! ‘Matovič zabíja svoje dieťa,’ tvrdí Zajac.” 2012. Aktuality.sk, 7 February 2012. https://www.aktuality.sk/clanok/201139/koniecmatovicovej-kandidatky/. Korkut, Umut. 2007. “The 2006 Hungarian Election: Economic Competitiveness versus Social Solidarity.” Parliamentary Affairs 60(4): 675-690. Kotleba - Ľudová strana naše Slovensko. 2016. “10 bodov za naše Slovensko!” http://www.naseslovensko.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Volebn%C3%BD-program-2016.pdf. Koulová, Zuzana. 2017. “Babišovi už nevěřím ani slovo! Tornio Okamura drtivě promlouvá.” Parlamentní listy, 5 April 2017. https://www.parlamentnilisty.cz/arena/ rozhovory/Babisovi-uz-neverim-am-slovo-Tonüo-Okamura-drtive-promlouva-482522. Koutník, Ondřej. 2015. “Andrej Babiš: Nejsem tradiční politik. Nemám odpověď na všechno.” Česká pozice, 19 January 2015. http://ceskapoace.lidovky.cz/tema/andrejbabis-nejsem-tradicni-politik-nemam-odpoved-na-vsechno.A150115_173549_pozicetema_lube. Krapfl, James. 2013. Revolution with a Human Face: Politics, Culture, and Community in Czechoslovakia, 1989-1992. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Krastev, Ivan. 2007. “The Populist Moment.” Critique Humanism (23). https:// www.eurozine.com/the-populist-moment/. Krastev, Ivan. 2011. “The Age of Populism: Reflections on the Self-Enmity of Democracy.” European View 10(1): 11-16. Krekó, Péter, and Gregor Mayer. 2015. “Transforming Hungary - Together? An Analysis of the Fidesz-Jobbik Relationship.” In Transforming the Transformation?
Bibliography 299 The East European Radical Right in the Political Process, ed. Michael Minkenberg. London: Routledge, 183 205. Křesťanská a demokratická unie - Československá strana lidová. “Stručná Historie ČSL a KDU-ČSL.” https://www.kdu.cz/o-nas/historie. Kriesi, Hanspeter. 2014. “The Populist Challenge.” West European Politics 37(2): 361-378. Krok-Paszkowska, Ania. 2003. “Samoobrona: The Polish Self-Defence Movement.” In Uncivil Society? Contentious Politics in Post-Communist Europe, eds. Petr Kopecký and Cas Mudde. London: Routledge, 110-129. Kubíček, Lubomír. 2014. “Tábory lidu v Čechách v 19. století.” Diplom thesis, Charles University Prague, https://is.cuni.cz/webapps/zzp/detail/126300/. Kukiz, Paweł. 2018. “Szczerze przepraszam za wprowadzenie ‘narodowców’ do Sejmu.” https://www.facebook.com/kukizpawel/posts/1725733717494341/. Kukiz’15. 2015. “Strategia zmiany.” https://web.archive.org/web/20160512223846/ https://ruchkukiza.pl/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Strategia-ZmianyKukizl51.pdf. Runštát, Daniel. 2013. Za rudou oponou. Komunisté a jejich voliči po roce 1989. Prague: Sociologické nakladatelství. Kurowska, Ola. 2005. “PO-PiS: Kto kogo atakuje. Zatarg Tuska z Kurskim. Rozmowa z L. Kaczyńskim.” Warszawa - Naszemiasto.pl, 8 September 2005. https://warszawa.naszemiasto.pl/po-pis-kto-kogo-atakuje-zatarg-tuska-z-kurskimrozmowa-z-l/ar/c1-6242073. Laclau, Ernesto. 1977. Politics and Ideology in Marxist Theory: Capitalism, Fascism, Populism. London: New Left Books. Laclau, Ernesto. 1990. New Reflections on the Revolution of Our Time. London: Verso. Laclau, Ernesto. 2005a.
On Populist Reason. London: Verso. Laclau, Ernesto. 2005b. “Populism: What’s in a Name?” In Populism and the Mirror of Democracy, ed. Francisco Panizza. London: Verso, 32-49. Laclau, Ernesto. 2007. Emancipation(s). London: Verso. Laclau, Ernesto, and Chantal Mouffe. 2001. Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Towards a Radical Democratic Politics. London: Verso. “Lech Kaczyński ma krew na rękach”. 2010. TVN24, 5 July 2010. https://www.tvn24. pl/wiadomosci-z-kraju,3/lech֊kaczynski-má-krew-na-rekach, 138976.html. Lefort, Claude. 1986. The Political Forms of Modern Society: Bureaucracy, Democracy, Totalitarianism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Lefort, Claude. 1988. Democracy and Political Theory. Cambridge, UK: Polity. Leinert, Ondřej, and Vojtěch Srnka. 2017. “Stříhám metr.” Mladá fronta DNES, 18 October 2017. Leško, Marián. 1996. Mečiar a mečiarizmus. Politik bez škrupúľ, politika bez zábran. Bratislava: VMV. Lewandowsky, Marcel, Heiko Giebler, and Aiko Wagner. 2016. “Rechtspopulismus in Deutschland. Eine empirische Einordnung der Parteien zur Bundestagswahl 2013 unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der AfD.” Politische Vierteliahresschrift 57(2): 247-275. “Lewica cywilizowana”. 1992. Gazeta Wyborcza, 8 June 1992. Lipset, Seymour Martin. 1960. Political Man: The Social Bases of Politics. New York: Anchor.
300 Bibliography Lipset, Seymour Martin, and Stein Rokkan. 1967. “Cleavage Structures, Party Systems, and Voter Alignments: An Introduction.” In Party Systems and Voter Alignments: Cross-National Perspectives, eds. Seymour Martin Lipset and Stein Rokkan. New York: Free Press, 1֊64. Loew, Peter Oliver. 2005. “Zwillinge zwischen Endecja und Sanacja.” Osteuropa (11). https://www.eurozme.com/zwillinge-zwischen-endecja-und-sanacja/. Lorman, Thomas. 2019. The Making of the Slovak People’s Party: Religion, Nationalism and the Culture War in Early 20th-Century Europe. London: Bloomsbury Academic. Lucardie, Paul. 2000. “Prophets, Purifiers and Prolocutors: Towards a Theory on the Emergence of New Parties.” Party Politics 6(2): 175-185. Magyar Demokrata Forum. 1990. “Magyar Demokrata Forum (MDF).” In Magyarország politikai évkönyve, eds. Sandor Kurtán, Péter Sandor, and László Vass. Budapest: AULA-OMIKK, 520-534. Magyar Igazság és Élet Pártja. 1998. “A nemzetépítő állam. A MIÉP programja.” Magyar Szocialista Párt. 1994. “Az MSZP 1994. évi választási programja.” https:// gondola.hu/cikkek/4816-Az_MSZP_l 994_evLvalasztasLprogramj a.html. Magyar Szocialista Párt. 2002. “Az MSZP 2002. évi választási programja.” https:// gondola.hu/cikkek/8792-Az_MSZP_2002_evi_valasztasi_programja.html. Mair, Peter. 1998. Party System Change: Approaches and Interpretations. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Mair, Peter. 2002. “Populist Democracy vs Party Democracy.” In Democracies and the Populist Challenge, eds. Yves Meny and Yves Surei. Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan, 81-98. Majewski, Paweł. 2015. “Po
wyborach zbuduję struktury.” Rzeczpospolita, 20 October 2015. https://archiwum.rp.pl/artykul/1289794-Po-wyborach-zbudujestruktury.html. Malová, Darina. 2017. “Strengthening Social Democracy in the Visegrad Countries: Limits and Challenges Faced by Smer-SD.” Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. https:// library, fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/prag/13217.pdf. Manin, Bernard. 1997. The Principles of Representative Government. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. March, Luke. 2011. Radical Left Parties in Europe. London: Routledge. Marchart, Oliver. 2007. Post-Foundational Political Thought: Political Difference in Nancy, Lefort, Badiou and Laclau. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Marchart, Oliver. 2017. “Liberaler Antipopulismus. Ein Ausdruck von Postpolitik.” Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte (44-45): 11-16. https://www.bpb.de/apuz/258497/ liberaler-antipopulismus-ein-ausdruck-von-postpolitik?p=all. Marchart, Oliver. 2018. Thinking Antagonism: Political Ontology after Laclau. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Mareš, Miroslav. 2000. “Zahraničně-politické koncepce české krajní pravice.” Středoevropské politické studie 2(1). https://joumals.muni.cz/cepsr/article/view/ 3813/5470. Markowski, Radosław. 2016. “The Polish Parliamentary Election of 2015: A Free and Fair Election That Results in Unfair Political Consequences.” West European Politics 39(6): 1311-1322. “Martinská deklarácia”. 1998. In Dokumenty slovenskej národnej identity a štátnosti, ed. Ján Beňko. Bratislava: Národné literárne centrum, 513-514.
Bibliography ЗОЇ Marttila, Tomas. 2015. Post-Foundational Discourse Analysis: From Political Difference to Empirical Research. Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan. Marttila, Tomas, and Vincent Gengnagel. 2015. “Post-Foundational Discourse Analysis and the Impasses of Critical Inquiry.” Zeitschrift fir Diskursforschung 3(1): 52-69. Marušiak, Juraj. 2006. “Fenomén strany Smer: medzi ‘pragmatizmom’ a sociálnou demokraciou.” Středoevropské politické studie 8(1): 19-55. Masaryk, T.G. 1908. Česká otázka. Snahy a tužby národního obrození. Prague: Pokrok. Masaryk, T.G., Milan Štefánik, and Edvard Beneš. 1918. “Prohlášení československé samostatnosti.” https://www.dejepis.com/dokument/prohlaseniceskoslovenske-samostatnosti/. Matovič, Igor. 2010. “Ako Procházka svine cudzou kukuricou choval.” SME, 3 May 2010. https://matovic.blog.sme.sk/c/227577/Ako-Prochazka-svine-cudzou-kukuricouchoval.html. Matovič, Igor. 2015. “Smer spĺňa všetky parametre organizovanej zločineckej sku piny (kauza kompa).” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jaDp-5GawZI. “Matovič o spolupráci s človekom z Gorily”. 2012. Aktuality.sk, 13 February 2012. https://www.aktuality.sk/clanok/201461/matovic-o-spolupraci-s-clovekom-z-gorily/. “Matovič zavesil na parlament znak gorily s banánom”. 2012. SME, 20 January 2012. https://domov. sme.sk/c/6225012/matovic-zavesil-na-parlament-znak-gorilys-bananom.html. McRae, Donald. 1969. “Populism as an Ideology.” In Populism: Its Meaning and National Characteristics, eds. Ghita Ionescu and Ernest Gellner. New York: Macmillan, 153-165. Mečiar, Vladimír. 1998. “Hľadanie modelu spolužitia.”
In Slovensko, dôveruj si!, ed. Leopold Podstupka. Bratislava: R-Press, 16-18. “Memorandum národa slovenského”. 1998. In Dokumenty slovenskej národnej identity a štátnosti, ed. Ján Beňko. Bratislava: Národné literárne centrum, 336-343. Minogue, Kenneth. 1969. “Populism as a Political Movement.” In Populism: Its Meaning and National Characteristics, eds. Ghiţa Ionescu and Ernest Gellner. New York: Macmillan, 197-211. Möller, Kolja. 2017. “Invocatio Populi. Autoritärer und demokratischer Populismus.” In Das Volk gegen die (liberale) Demokratie: Leviathan Sonderband 32, eds. Dirk Jörke and Oliver Nachtwey. Baden-Baden: Nomos, 255-278. Mouffe, Chantal. 2000. The Democratic Paradox. London: Verso. Mouffe, Chantal. 2005. On the Political. London: Routledge. Mouffe, Chantal. 2018. For a Left Populism. London: Verso. Mudde, Cas. 2000. “In the Name of the Peasantry, the Proletariat, and the People: Populisms in Eastern Europe.” East European Politics and Societies 15(1): 33-53. Mudde, Cas. 2004. “The Populist Zeitgeist.” Government and Opposition 39(4): 541-563. Mudde, Cas. 2007. Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Mudde, Cas. 2017. “Populism: An Ideational Approach.” In The Oxford Handbook of Populism, eds. Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Paul Taggart, Paulina Ochoa Espejo, and Pierre Ostiguy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 27-47.
302 Bibliography Mudde, Cas, and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser. 2013. “Exclusionary vs. Inclusionary Populism: Comparing Contemporary Europe and Latin America.” Government and Opposition 48(2): 147-174. Mudde, Cas, and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser. 2017. Populism: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Müller, Jan-Werner. 2014. “‘The People Must Be Extracted from Within the People’: Reflections on Populism.” Constellations 21(4): 483^193. Müller, Jan-Werner. 2016. Was ist Populismus? Berlin: Suhrkamp. Müller, Jan-Werner. 2017. “Populism and Constitutionalism.” In The Oxford Handbook of Populism, eds. Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Paul Taggart, Paulina Ochoa Espejo, and Pierre Ostiguy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 590-605. Nagy, Imre. 1956a. “Nagy Imre beszéde (az egypártrendszer megszüntetéséről).” https://mek. oszk.hu/01900/01937/html/szerviz/dokument/nagyi30s.htm. Nagy, Imre. 1956b. “Nagy Imre rádióbeszéde [1956. október 25.].” http://mek.oszk. hu/01900/01937/html/szerviz/dokument/nagyi25s.htm. Nagy, Imre. 1956c. “Nagy Imre rádióbeszéde [1956. október 28.].” https://mek.oszk. hu/01900/01937/html/szerviz/dokument/nagyi28s.htm. Nałęcz, Tomasz. 1997. “Dlaczego warto głosować na Unię Pracy?” Gazeta Wyborcza, 19 August 1997. Nizinkiewicz, Jacek. 2015. “W Polsce mamy rzeczywistość jak z ‘Misia’ Barei.” Rzeczpospolita, 11 February 2015. https://archiwum.rp.pl/artykul/1268157-WPolsce-mamy-rzeczywistosc-jak-z-Misia-Barei.html. Nonhoff, Martin. 2006. Politischer Diskurs und Hegemonie. Das Projekt "Soziale Marktwirtschaft. ” Bielefeld: Transcript. Nonhoff,
Martin. 2017. “Antagonismus und Antagonismen - hegemonietheoretische Aufklärung.” In Ordnungen des Politischen. Einsätze und Wirkungen der Hegemonietheorie Ernesto Laclaus, ed. Oliver Marchait. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 81-102. Nonhoff, Martin. 2019. “Hegemony Analysis: Theory, Methodology and Research Practice.” In Discourse, Culture and Organization: Inquiries into Relational Structures of Power, ed. Tomas Marttila. Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan, 63-104. NSZZ Solidarność. 1980. “21 postulatów z 17 sierpnia 1980 roku.” http://www. solidamosc.org.pl/21-postulatow. “O czym marzy Palikot? 15 postulatów posła”. 2010. TVN24, 3 October 2010. https://www.tvn24.pl/wiadomosci-z-kraju,3/o-czym-marzy-palikot-15-postulatowposla, 147903.html. Občanská demokratická strana. 1992. “Volební program ODS. Svoboda a pros perita.” https://www.ods.cz/docs/programy/program_1992.pdf. Občanská demokratická strana. 1996. “Volební program ODS. Parlamentní volby 1996.” https://www.ods.cz/docs/programy/program_1996.pdf. Občanská demokratická strana. 1998. “Hlavu vzhurů. Volební program ODS.” https://www.ods.cz/docs/programy/program_1998.pdf. Občanská demokratická strana. 2006. “Společně pro lepší život. Volební program 2006.” https://www.ods.cz/docs/programy/program_2006.pdf. Občanská demokratická strana. 2010. “Podrobný volební program. Řešení, která pomáhají.” https://www.ods.cz/docs/programy/volebni-program2010.pdf.
Bibliography 303 Občanské fórum. 1990. “Volební program Občanského fóra.” http://www.esbirky.cz/ predmet/3949669. Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2012. “Volebný program hnutia OBYČAJNÍ ĽUDIA a nezávislé osobnosti pre voľby do NR SR v roku 2012.” http://www. noveskolstvo.sk/upIoad/pdf/OLANO_2012.pdf. Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2014. “OBYČAJNÍ ĽUDIA a nezávislé osobnosti - SUPERREFERENDUM.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0_ jppLV-a4M. Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2015. “Bojujeme za ľudí ֊ OBYČAJNÍ ĽUDIA a nezávislé osobnosti.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xVc_PXiOOeM. Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2016a. “IDE O VŠETKO!” https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=01cvnr_qOr4. Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2016b. “Program za ľudské a rozumné Slovensko.” http://www.obycajniludia.sk/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/PROGRAM_OLANO_bez_ orezek_B.pdf. Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2018. “OĽANO: Nepodporíme bábkovú vládu Petra Pellegriniho.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBhS63ErvMo. Obyčajni ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2020a. “My vás nezradíme.” https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=cIiemMpRd_o. Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti. 2020b. “Úprimne odvážne pre ľudí.” https:// www.obycajniludia.sk/program-2020/. Olczyk, Eliza. 2018. “Waldemar Witkowski: Chcę, by prezerwatywy były dostępne w szkołach średnich.” Rzeczpospolita, 4 February 2018. https://www.rp.pl/PlusMinus/302019900-Waldemar-Witkowski-Chce-by-prezerwatywy-byly-dostepnew-szkolach-srednich.html?cid. “Orbán: a kormány még a helyén van, de már megbukott”. 2006. InfoRádió, 24 September
2006. https://infostart.hu/belfold/2006/09/24/orban-a-kormany-meg-ahelyen-van-de-mar-megbukott-74011. Orbán, Viktor. 1989. “Orbán Viktor beszéde Nagy Imre és mártírtársai újratemetésén.” https://youtu.be/4YybjROUMuO. Orbán, Viktor. 2002. “Orbán Viktor beszéde a Dísz téren 2002. május 7.” http:// mkdszl.freeweb.hu/n22/orban020507.html. Orbán, Viktor. 2006. “Évértékelés 2006. Orbán Viktor évértékelő beszéde a budapesti SYMA-csamokban.” https://magyamemzet.hu/archivum/archivum-archivum/orbanviktor-evertekelo-beszede-3-5700542/. Orbán, Viktor. 2007a. “A mai állam egy butikos állam.” http://2010-2015. miniszterelnok.hu/beszed/a_maLallam_egy_butikos_allam. Orbán, Viktor. 2007b. “Az utolsó alkotmányos eszköz: a népszavazás.” http://20102015 .miniszterelnok.hu/beszed/az_utolso_alkotmanyos_eszkoz_a_nepszavazas. Orbán, Viktor. 2007c. “Magyarország szociális válságban vergődik.” http://20102015.miniszterelnok.hu/beszed/magyarorszag_szocialis_valsagban_verg_337_dik. Orbán, Viktor. 2009. “Megőrizni a létezés magyar minőségét.” http://tdyweb. wbteam.com/Orban_Megorizni.htm. Orbán, Viktor. 2010. “Április 11. a mi forradalmunk.” http://2010-2015.miniszterelnök.hu/ beszed/aprilis_l 1 ._a_mi_forradalmunk. Orbán, Viktor. 2012. “Ne kapjon segélyt, aki munkaképes.” http://2010-2015. miniszterelnök ,hu/beszed/ne_kapj on_segelyt_aki_munkakepes.
304 Bibliography Orbán, Viktor. 2014. “A munkaalapú állam korszaka következik.” http://2010-2015. miniszterelnok.hu/beszed/a_munkaalapu_allam_korszaka_kovetkezik. Orbán, Viktor. 2018a. “Orbán Viktor a Kossuth Rádió „180 perc” című műsorában.” http://www.miniszterelnok.hu/orban-viktor-a-kossuth-radio-180perc-cimu-musoraban-25/. Orbán, Viktor. 2018b. “Orbán Viktor ünnepi beszéde az 1848/49. évi forradalom és szabadságharc 170. évfordulóján.” http://www.rmniszterelnok.hu/orban-viktorunnepí-beszede-az-1848-49-evi-forradalom-es-szabadsagharc-170-evfordulojan. “Orbán Viktor a múlt, mi vagyunk a jövő’ - így zajlott a tüntetés a Fidesz székhaza előtt”. 2017. Alfahír, 15 December 2017. https://alfahir.hu/2017/12/15/percrol_ percrej óbbik_tuntetes. Országgyűlés. 2010. “A Nemzeti Együttműködés Programja.” http://www.parlament. hu/irom39/00047/00047.pdf. Országgyűlés. 2011. “Magyarország Alaptörvénye.” http://www.parlament.hu/ irom39/02627/02627-0187.pdf. Ost, David. 1990. Solidarity and the Politics of Anti-Politics: Opposition and Reform in Poland since 1968. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Ost, David. 2005. The Defeat of Solidarity: Anger and Politics in Postcommunist Europe. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Palikot, Janusz. 2010. “Apel do Ruchu Poparcia Palikota.” https://web.archive.org/ web/20100715074106/http://palikot. blog. onet.pl/Apel-do-Ruchu-PoparciaPalikot,2,ID410371072,n. “Palikot napisał list do Millera. Chce debaty”. 2012. Polskie Radio, 24 February 2012. https://www.polskieradio.p1/80/3/Artykul/547909,Palikot-napisal-list-doMillera-Chce-debaty. Palonen,
Emilia. 2009. “Political Polarisation and Populism in Contemporary Hungary.” Parliamentary Affairs 62(2): 318-334. Párbeszéd Magyarországért. 2018. “Változást! Legyen Karácsony!” https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=DoBp9RQr9zI. Parlament České republiky. 2016. “Středa 23. března 2016.” http://www.psp.cz/ eknih/2013ps/stenprot/043schuz/s043003.htm. Parlament České republiky. 2018. “Pátek 19. ledna 2018.” www.psp.cz/eknih/2017ps/ stenprot/006schuz/s006072.htm. “Paweł Kukk wystartuje w wyborach prezydenckich”. 2015. WP.pl, 8 February 2015. https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/pawel-kukk-wystartuje-w-wyborach-prezydenckich-60277617 79978881a. Piłsudski, Józef. 1937. VIII Pisma zbiorowe. Warsaw: Instytut Józefa Piłsudskiego. Piłsudski, Józef. 2008. Odezwy - dekrety - mowy. Skultuna: Ligatur. Pirro, Andrea. 2015. The Populist Radical Right in Central and Eastern Europe: Ideology, Impact, and Electoral Performance. London: Routledge. Platforma Obywatelska. 2007. “Program PO. Polska zasługuje na cud gospodarczy.” Pokorný, Jakub, and Eva Zahradnická. 2017. “Proti všem.” Mladá fronta DNES, 10 October 2017. Polska Partia Socjalistyczna. 1900. “Polska Partia Socjalistyczna w ostatnich pięciu la tach.” http://lewicowo.pl/polska_partia_socjalistyczna_w_ostatnich_pieciu_latach/. Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe. 2001. “Deklaracja ideowa Polskiego Stronnictwa Ludowego.” In Wybory 1993. Partie i ich programy, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 143-150.
Bibliography 305 Pop-Eleches, Grigore. 2010. “Throwing out the Bums: Protest Voting and Unorthodox Parties after Communism.” World Politics 62(2): 221-260. Popławski, Jan Ludwik. 1900. “Nasz demokratyzm.” http://www.polskietradycje.pl/ artykuly/widok/167. Porozumienie Obywatelskiego Centrum. 2001. “Deklaracja programowa Porozumienia Obywatelskiego Centrum.” In Wybory 1991. Programy partii i ugrupowań politycznych, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 146-154. Porter, Brian A. 1992. “Who Is a Pole and Where Is Poland? Territory and Nation in the Rhetoric of Polish National Democracy before 1905.” Slavic Review 51(4): 639-653. Porter, Brian A. 2000. When Nationalism Began to Hate: Imagining Modern Politics in Nineteenth-Century Poland. Oxford: Oxford University Press. “Povolební spolupráce? Piráti by nebyli špatní, odepsal Babiš čtenářům”. 2017. Lidové noviny, 18 October 2017. https://www.lidovky.cz/odpovedi/povolebni-spolupracepirati-by-nebyli-spatni-odepsal-babis-ctenarum.0171017_112805_353 rsa. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2001a. “Manifest polityczny.” http://www.piotrbabinetz.pl/ pdf/manifest.pdf. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2001b. “Program Prawa i Sprawiedliwości.” http://www. piotrbabinetz.pl/pdf/programpis2001 .pdf. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2005. “ГѴ Rzeczpospolita. Sprawedliwość dla Wszystkich.” http://old.pis.org.pl/dokumenty.php?s=partia iddoc=3. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2007. “Dbamy o Polskę. Dbamy o Polaków.” http://old.pis. org.pl/dokumenty.php?s=partia iddoc=144. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2011. “Nowoczesna solidarna bezpieczna Polska.” http://
old.pis.org.pl/dokumenty .php?s=partia iddoc= 157. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2014. “Zdrowie, praca, rodzina. Program Prawa i Sprawedliwości.” http://old.pis.org.pl/dokumenty,php?s=partia iddoc= 164. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2015. “Beata Szydło - Praca, nie obietnice.” https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=7kTtgC3Jx0Q. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2019a. “2019 program Prawa i Sprawiedliwości. Polski model państwa dobrobytu.” http://pis.org.pl/media/download/dll362ba5b8df 458ba7d5873a4aac4f2d015c7a7.pdf. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. 2019b. “Jarosław Kaczyński - Wystąpienie Prezesa PiS na konwencji w Warszawie.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n8ORGoN7Eo0. “Prohlášení studentů pražských VŠ”. 1990. In Deset pražských dnü. 17.-27. listopad 1989, eds. Milan Otáhal and Zdeněk SládekPrague: Academia, 32. “Provolám Občanského fóra o jeho ustavení a jeho požadavcích”. 1990. In Deset pražských dnů. 17.-27. listopadu 1989, eds. Milan Otáhal and Zdeněk Sládek. Prague: Academia, 47-48. “Przyjdzie dzień, że w Warszawie będzie Budapeszt”. 2011. TVN24, 9 October 2011. https ://www.tvn24.pl/wiadomosci-z-kraju,3/przyjdzie-dzien-ze-w-warszawie-bedzie-budapeszt,186922.html. Rooduijn, Matthijs, Sarah L. de Lange, and Wouter van der Brug. 2014. “A Populist Zeitgeist? Programmatic Contagion by Populist Parties in Western Europe.” Party Politics 20(4): 563-575. Rovira Kaltwasser, Cristóbal. 2012. “The Ambivalence of Populism: Threat and Corrective for Democracy.” Democratization 19(2): 184-208.
306 Bibliography Ruch Palikota. 2011. “Nowoczesna Polska.” https://web.archive.org/web/201110110 31623/http://www.ruchpalikota.org.pl/sites/default/files/rp.file_.3429.231 .pdf. Rybář, Marek, and Kevin Deegan-Krause. 2008. “Slovakia’s Communist Successor Parties in Comparative Perspective.” Communist and Post-Communist Studies 41(4): 497-519. Rychlík, Martin. 2011. “Andrej Babiš: Jsem lídr. A chci vyhrát volby 2014.” Česká pozice, 26 November 2011. http://ceskapozice.lidovky.cz/tema/andrej-babis-jsemIidr-a-chci-vyhrat-volby-2014.Al 11126_120521_pozice_46070. “Rząd bez Unii Pracy”. 1993. Gazeta Wyborcza, 14 October 1993. Sacher, Tomáš. 2013. “Jsem realizátor a budovatel, říká v rozhovoru Andrej Babiš.” Respekt, 30 June 2013. https://www.respekt.cz/z-noveho-cisla/jsem-realizator-a֊ budovatel-rika-v-rozhovoru-andrej-babis. Sadurski, Wojciech. 2019. Poland's Constitutional Brakdown. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 1997. “Rolnicy!” Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2001 a. “Może, a więc musi być lepiej! Krajowy Komitet Wyborczy Samoobrona ֊ Leppera. Materiały programowe.” In Wybory 1993. Partie i ich programy, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 451-480. Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2001b. “Wybory 2001. Jest tylko jedna POLSKA, jest tylko jeden SPOSÓB.” Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2005a. “Deklaracja wyborcza Andrzeja Leppera.” Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2005b. “Do rolników, robotników i in teligencji, do przedsiębiorców prowadzących małe, średnie i wielkie zakłady pracy.”
Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2006. “IV Kongres partii Samoobrony Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Program społeczno-gospodarczy Samoobrony.” In Wybory 2005. Partie i ich programy, eds. Inka Słodkowska and Magdalena Dołbakowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 293-301. Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2007. “Polscy Rolnicy zasługują na PRWADĘ I GODNOŚĆ.” Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2011. “Samoobrona w rządzie koalicyjnym. Realizacja programu społeczno-gospodarczego.” In Wybory 2007. Partie i ich programy, eds. Inka Słodkowska and Magdalena Dołbakowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 331-343. Sartori, Giovanni. 1990. “The Sociology of Parties: A Critical Review.” In The West European Party System, ed. Peter Mair. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 150-182. Sdružení pro republiku - Republikánská strana Československa. 1990. Materiály z ustavujícího sjezdu. Prague: Sdružení pro republiku - Republikánská strana Čes koslovenska. https://www.esbirky.cz/predmet/9000345. Sdružení pro republiku ֊ Republikánská strana Československa. 1992. “Sdružení pro republiku - Republikánská strana Československa vyhlašuje 17 naléhavých opatření pro záchranu životního prostředí v naší zemi.” Sdružení pro republiku - Republikánská strana Československa. 1996. “Program Sdružení pro republiku - Republikánská strana Československa к obnově naší země a jejímu ekonomickému, kulturnímu i politickému povznesení.”
Bibliography ЗО7 Sejm Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej. 1989. “6 posiedzenie Sejmu w dniu 24 sierpnia 1989 r.” http://orka2.sejm.gov.p1/StenogramyX.nsf/0/259278CD28DE3BBDC1257D20002CC6 FD/$ffle/006_000006771 .pdf. Sejm Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej. 1994. “2 kadencja, 13 posiedzenie, 1 dzień (03.03.1994).” http://orka2.sejm.gov.pl/Debata2.nsf/5c30b337b5bc240ecl25746d0030d0fc/dcdlaf95c76 b682ecl2574e500418e32?OpenDocument. Sejm Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej. 2006. “13. posiedzenia Sejmu (Obrady w dniu 14 marca 2006 r.).” http://orka.sejm.gov.p1/StenoInter5.nsf/0/943028CEB3721EAD C12571320001 F927/$file/l 3_a_ksiazka.pdf. Sikk, Allan. 2012. “Newness as a Winning Formula for New Political Parties.” Party Politics 18(4): 465^186. Skilling, H. Gordon. 1961. “Gottwald and the Bolshevization of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (1929-1939).” Slavic Review 20(4): 641-655. Skilling, H. Gordon. 1994. T.G. Masaryk: Against the Current, 1882-1914. Basingstoke: Macmillan. Školkay, Andrej. 2018. “Partial State Capture by a Single Oligarchic Group: The ‘Gorilla Case’ in Slovakia.” Středoevropské politické studie 20(2): 182-203. Sládek, Miroslav. 1992. “Část projevu při mítinku Republikánů dne 13. dubna 1991 na Lorentánském náměstí v Praze.” In . a tak to vidím já, Prague: NADAS AFGH, 116-122. “Slobodný občan, zvrchovaný národ.” 1996. In 5 rokov HZDS v tlači, ed. Odbor verejnej mienky Kancelárie HZDS. Bratislava: HZDS. Sme Rodina ֊ Boris Kollár. 2016a. “O nás.” https://web.archive.org/web/ 20160110180608/http://www.hnutiesmerodina.sk/o-nas.php. Sme Rodina - Boris Kollár. 2016b. “Programové priority
hnutia SME RODINA - Boris Kollár.” https://web.archive.Org/web/20160304232015/http://www.hnutiesmerodina.sk/ programove-priority.php. Sme Rodina - Boris Kollár. 2016c. “Volebný program hnutia Sme Rodina - Boris Kollár.” https://web.archive.Org/web/20160308115731/http://www.hnutiesmerodina.sk/ volebny-program.php. Sme Rodina - Boris Kollár. 2020a. “Program pomoci rodinám 2020.” https://hnutíesmerodina.sk/program/. Sme Rodina - Boris Kollár. 2020b. “SME RODINA ֊ SKUTOČNÁ ZMENA.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=:bk3vbaTHxNM. Smer. 1999. “Tézy politického programu.” https://web.archive.org/web/20001216065 700/http://www.strana-smer.sk/tezy .asp?ID= 1. Smer - sociálna demokracia. 2006. “Smerom k ľuďom.” https://web.archive.org/web/ 20071031 102525/http://www.s trana-smer.sk/uploads/tx. dokumcnt/Volebn_program_strany_SMER_-_soci_lna_demokracia_pre_Vo_318_by_do_N .rodnej. rady_Slovenskej_republiky.pdf. Smer - sociálna demokracia. 2010. “Volebný televízny spot strany SMER - sociálna demokracia.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mmFaT2i5HYE. Smer - sociálna demokracia. 2012. “Náš program. Programové zameranie strany Smer - sociálna demokracia na volebné obdobie 2012 - 2016.” https://web.archíve. org/web/20121213103422/http://www.strana-smer.sk/3239/nas-program. Smer ֊ sociálna demokracia. 2016. ‘“ROBÍME PRE ĽUDÍ, CHRÁNIME SLOVEN SKO’ - VOLEBNÝ STOT.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=90RqImf4pug.
308 Bibliography Smer - tretia cesta. 2002. “Voľte poriadok a slušný život!” https://web.archive.org/ web/20030822152614/http://www.strana-smer.sk/program/volby2002/volebny_ program.pdf. Smilov, Daniel, and Ivan Krastev. 2008. “The Rise of Populism in Eastern Europe: Policy Paper.” In Populist Politics and Liberal Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe, eds. Grigorij Mesežnikov, Oľga Gyárfášová, and Daniel Smilov. Bratislava: Institute for Public Affairs, 7-13. Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej. 2001. “Platforma wyborcza Sojuszu Lewicy Demokratycznej. ‘Tak dalej być nie może!”’ In Wybory 1991. Programy partii i ugrupowań politycznych, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 242-255. Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej and Unia Pracy. 2001. “Porozumienie o zawarciu parlamentarnej koalicji wyborczej Sojuszu Lewicy Demokratycznej i Unii Pracy w wyborach do Sejmu i Senatu w 2001 roku.” In Wybory 2001. Partie i ich programy, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 10-13. Solidarność Pracy. 2001. ‘“Solidarność Pracy’. Program wyborczy.” In Wybory 1991. Programy partii i ugrupowań politycznych, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 101-137. Stanley, Ben. 2008. “The Thin Ideology of Populism.” Journal of Political Ideologies 13(1): 95-110. Stanley, Ben. 2016. “Confrontation by Default and Confrontation by Design: Strategic and Institutional Responses to Poland’s Populist Coalition Government.” Democratization 23(2): 263-282. Stanley, Ben. 2017. “Populism in Central and Eastern Europe.” In The Oxford Handbook of
Populism, eds. Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Paul Taggart, Paulina Ochoa Espejo, and Pierre Ostiguy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 140-160. Stanley, Ben. 2019. “Backsliding Away? The Quality of Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe.” Journal of Contemporary European Research 15(4): 343-353. Stanley, Ben, and Mikołaj Cześnik. 2016. “Poland’s Palikot Movement: Voice of the Disenchanted, Missing Ideological Link or More of the Same?” Party Politics 22(6): 705-718. Stavrakakis, Yannis. 2000. “On the Emergence of Green Ideology: The Dislocation Factor in Green Politics.” In Discourse Theory and Political Analysis: Identities, Hegemonies and Social Change, eds. David Howarth, Aletta Norval, and Yannis Stavrakakis. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 100-118. Stavrakakis, Yannis. 2004. “Antinomies of Formalism: Laclau’s Theory of Populism and the Lessons from Religious Populism in Greece.” Journal of Political Ideologies 9(3): 253-267. Stavrakakis, Yannis. 2007. The Lacanian Left: Psychoanalysis, Theory, Politics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Stavrakakis, Yannis. 2010. “PostDemocracy.” In Alias- of Transformation, eds. Zbyněk Baladran and Vít Havránek. Prague: ЖР Ringier. http://monumenttotransformation. org/atlas-of-transformation/html/p/postdemocracy/postdemocracy-yannis-stavrakakis.html. Stavrakakis, Yannis. 2014. “The Return of ‘the People’: Populism and AntiPopulism in the Shadow of the European Crisis.” Constellations 21(4): 505-517. Stavrakakis, Yannis, Alexandras Kioupkiolis, Giorgos Katsambekis, Nikos Nikisianis, Thomas Siomos. 2016. “Contemporary Left-
Wing Populism in Latin
Bibliography 309 America: Leadership, Horizontalism, and Postdemocracy in Chavez’s Venezuela.” Latin American Politics and Society 58(3): 51-76. Stavrakakis, Yannis, Giorgos Katsambekis, Nikos Nikisianis, Alexandras Kioupkiolis, and Thomas Siomos. 2017. “Extreme Right-Wing Populism in Europe: Revisiting a Reified Association.” Critical Discourse Studies 14(4): 420-439. Stavrakakis, Yannis, Giorgos Katsambekis, Alexandros Kioupkiolis, Nikos Nikisianis, and Thomas Siomos. 2018. “Populism, Anti-Populism and Crisis.” Contemporary Political Theory 17(1): 4—27. Stavrakakis, Yannis, and Anton Jäger. 2018. “Accomplishments and Limitations of the ‘New’ Mainstream in Contemporary Populism Studies.” European Journal of Social Theory 21(4): 547-565. Stegmaier, Mary, and Klára Vlachová. 2011. “The Parliamentary Election in the Czech Republic, May 2010.” Electoral Studies 30(1): 238-241. Stewart, Angus. 1969. “The Social Roots.” In Populism: Its Meaning and National Characteristics, eds. Ghiţa Ionescu and Ernest Gellner. New York: Macmillan, 180-196. Suppan, Arnold. 2004. “Catholic People’s Parties in East Central Europe: The Bohemian Lands and Slovakia.” In Political Catholicism in Europe 1918-45, eds. Wolfram Kaiser and Helmut Wohnout. London: Routledge, 217-234. Šváb, Petr. 2013. “Andrej Babiš: Mňa nikdo neuplatí, já mám dost.” The Epoch Times. http://www.epochtimes.cz/2013091221564/Andrej-Babis-Mna-nikdoneuplati-ja-mam-dost.html. Svoboda a přímá demokracie. 2015a. “Islám do ČR nepatří.” https://www.spd.cz/ novinky/islam-do-cr-nepatri. Svoboda a přímá demokracie. 2015Ե. “Stát jsme
my.” https://www.spd.cz/novinky/ stat-jsme-my. Svoboda a přímá demokracie. 2017. “Politický program.” https://www.spd.cz/program. Szczepula, Barbara. 2005. “Lech Kaczyński w Stoczni Gdańskiej.” PortalMorski.pl, 18 October 2005. https://www.portalmorski.pl/stocznie-statki/1342-lech-kaczynski-wstoczni-gdanskiej. Szczerbiak, Aleks. 2004. “The Polish Centre-Right’s (Last?) Best Hope: The Rise and Fall of Solidarity Electoral Action.” Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics 20(3): 55-79. Szczerbiak, Aleks. 2007. “‘Social Poland’ Defeats ‘Liberal Poland’? The September-October 2005 Polish Parliamentary and Presidential Elections.” Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics 23(2): 203-232. Szczerbiak, Aleks. 2018. “What Are the Prospects for Poland’s Rock Star-Politician Paweł Kukiz?” LSE EUROPP Blog, 12 June 2018. https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/ europpblog/2018/06/12/what-are-the-prospects-for-polands-rock֊star-politicianpawel-kukiz/. Telewizja Republika. 2015. “Telewizja Republika - Jarosław Kaczyński (PİS) - W Punkt 2015-12-11.” https ://www .у o utube. com/watch?v=LCK_biZe_K IJ. Thüringer, Barbara. 2016. “A Jobbik a kvótás népszavazás helyett alaptörvény módosítást akar.” Index.hu, 12 April 2016. https://index.hu/belfold/2016/04/12/ jobbik_kvota_nepszavazas_alaptorveny/. Tvarůžková, Zuzana. 2014. “Ministr financí Andrej Babiš v Interview ČT24.” ČT24, 11 August 2014. https://www.mfcr.cz/cs/aktualne/v-mediich/2014/ministr-financiandrej-babis-v-interview-18780.
310 Bibliography Učeň, Peter. 2007. “Parties, Populism, and Anti-Establishment Politics in East Centra] Europe.” SAIS Review of International Affairs 27(1): 49-62. Unia Demokratyczna. 2001. “Unia Demokratyczna: Z programu Unii Demokratycznej.” In Wybory 1991. Programy partii i ugrupowań politycznych, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 237-239. Unia Pracy. 1992. “Deklaracja założycielska Unii Pracy.” Unia Pracy. 1995. “U progu XXI wieku. Program Unii Pracy.” Unia Pracy. 1998. “Uchwała VI Kongresu UP w sprawie sytuacji społecznopolitycznej oraz kierunków działania UP.” Unia Pracy. 1999. “Deklaracja programowa.” https://web.archive.org/web/20000303 03315 l/http://www.uniapracy.org.pl/. Unia Pracy. 2000a. “Oświadczenie Unii Pracy w sprawie zawłaszczania publicznych pieniędzy przez elity polityczne.” Unia Pracy. 2000b. “Przemówienie Marka Pola (VII Kongres).” Unia Pracy. 2001. “Przywróćmy nadzieję. Dokument programowy Unii Pracy.” In Wybory 1993. Partie i ich programy, ed. Inka Słodkowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 351-376. Unia Pracy. 2004. “Zasługujesz na więcej. Deklaracja wyborcza 15 czerwca 1997.” In Wybory 1997. Partie i ich programy, eds. Inka Słodkowska and Magdalena Dołbakowska. Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 21-28. Úsvit přímé demokracie. 2013. “Program hnutí.” https://web.archive.org/web/ 20131016112400/http ://www.hnutiusvit.cz/program-hnutí/. Úsvit přímé demokracie. 2014. “Petice za zpřísnění imigrační politiky EU.” https:// web.archive.org/web/20140429075905/http://www.hnutiusvit.cz/petice-za-zprisneni-
imigracni-politiky-eu/. Varga, Mihai. 2014. “Hungary’s ‘Anti-Capitalisť Far-Right: Jobbik and the Hungarian Guard.” Nationalities Papers 42(5): 791-807. 1996 “Vážení spoluobčania.” 1996. In 5 rokov HZDS v tlači, ed. Odbor verejnej mienky Kancelárie HZDS. Bratislava: HZDS, 41. Věci veřejné. 2010a. “Politický program.” https://www.olympic.cz/financovani/docs/ W.pdf. Věci veřejné. 2010b. “Volební spot s kandidáty Věcí veřejných.” https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=w8pHu04WXMY. Verejnosť proti násiliu. 1989. “Programové vyhlásenie občianskej iniciatívy Verejnosti proti násiliu a Koordinačného výboru slovenských vysokoškolákov.” http://www.humanisti.sk/view.php?cisloclanku=2012110042. Verejnosť proti násiliu. 1990. “Šanca pre Slovensko.” Vláda Slovenskej republiky. 1995. “Programové vyhlásenie vlády Slovenskej re publiky.” https://www.nrsr.sk/dl/Browser/DsDocumenť?documentId=289948. Vossen, Koen. 2011. “Classifying Wilders: The Ideological Development of Geert Wilders and His Party for Freedom.” Politics 31(3): 179-189. 1996 “Vyhlásenie zástupcov Trnavskej iniciativy VPN.” 1996. In J rokov HZDS v tlači, ed. Odbor verejnej mienky Kancelárie HZDS. Bratislava: HZDS, 22. Výklad programu Slovenskej národnej strany”. 1998. In Dokumenty slovenskej národnej identity a štátnostis, ed. Ján Beňko. Bratislava: Národné literárne cen trum, 401-406. “Výzva Slovenskej národnej rady k národu slovenskému!.” 1998. In Dokumenty
Bibliography 311 slovenskej národnej identity a štátnosti, ed. Ján Beňko. Bratislava: Národné literárne centrum, 315-317. Wielowieyska, Dominika, and Wojciech Załuska. 2001. “Jarosław Kaczyński: Rzeczpospolitej trzeba się bać.” Gazeta Wyborcza, http://wyborcza.p1/l,76842, 311518.html. Wiles, Peter. 1969. “A Syndrome, Not a Doctrine.” In Populism: Its Meaning and National Characteristics, eds. Ghiţa Ionescu and Ernest Gellner. New York: Macmillan, 166-179. Williams, Kieran. 2000. “Introduction: What Was Mečiarism?” In Slovakia after Communism and Mečiarism, London: UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies, 1-16. Wullweber, Joscha. 2017. “Staat, Ökonomie und globale Politik. Laclaus Hegemonietheorie und die Internationale Politische Ökonomie.” In Ordnungen des Politischen. Einsätze und Wirkungen der Hegemonietheorie Ernesto Laclaus, ed. Oliver Marchart. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 169-192. “Wygwizdano Wałęsę i Borusewicza.” 2009. WP.pl. https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/ wygwizdano-walese-i-bonisewicza-6037840718590593а. Žantovský, Petr. 2016. “Exkluzivní VIDEO: Miloš Zeman rozstřílel ‘totalitní pražskou kavárnu’ a její média. Tak drsně jako dosud ne. To způsobí úžas.” Parlamentní listy. https://www.parlamentnilisty.cz/arena/rozhovory/ExkluzivniVIDEO-Milos-Zeman-rozstrilel-totalitni-prazskou-kavarnu-a-jeji-media-Takdrsne-jako-dosud-ne-To-zpusobi-uzas-440834. “Zero tolerancji dla przemocy w szkole”. 2006. Naszemiasto.pl. https://naszemiasto. pl/zero-tolerancji-dla-przemocy-w-szkole/ar/cl-4416988. “Žiadosti slovenského národa”. 1998. In Dokumenty slovenskej národnej identity a
štátnosti, 307-310: Národné literárne centrum. “Žilinská dohoda”. 1998. In Dokumenty slovenskej národnej identity a štátnosti. Bratislava: Národné literárne centrum, 179-183. Žižek, Slavoj. 2006. “Against the Populist Temptation.” Critical Inquiry 32(3): 551-574.
Index Note: Page numbers followed by “n” indicate note section. Action of Dissatisfied Citizens (ANO) 52, 83-90, 91, 93, 94-6, 97-99, 100-2, 280, 282-5 Alliance of Free Democrats (SZDSZ) 116, 119, 121, 123-5, 128, 132-3, 275, 277 Alliance of the New Citizen (ANO) 244 antagonism 5, 18, 26-8, 36, 38-40, 43, 48nl, 57-8, 70-2, 104n7; antagonistic frontier 5-6, 26-30, 35-9, 42, 56, 65, 77, 85, 124, 137, 151, 154, 178, 186, 194-7, 207, 241, 248, 250, 260, 279 Antall, József 110-11, 117-20, 122-3, 274 anti-communism 41-2, 62-8, 70, 75,120, 172-3, 188; see also populism, anti communist anti-liberalism 41-2, 138-9, 142-3, 164-5, 174-9, 181-2, 184-9, 191-201, 210, 278-9, 284-5; see also populism, anti-liberal anti-populism 41-2, 75 anti-Semitism 120, 165-6, 212 authoritarianism 1, 22, 24-5, 30, 56-7, 126, 133-7, 142, 156, 168, 196, 202, 226, 233, 278-82, 284-6 Babiš, Andrej 1, 83-90, 94-6, 98-9, 100-2, 284 backsliding see democracy, democratic backsliding Bárta, Vít 77-80, 82, 100 Bokros package 123, 127 Bugaj, Ryszard 174, 178, 180 business-firm party 1, 284 Čapí hnízdo affair 88-90, 98-99, 101 Center Alliance (PC) 173, 185, 188, 278 Central Anti-Corruption Bureau (CBA) 187, 189-90, 197, 204 Christian Democratic Movement (KDH) 228-30, 244, 246 Christian Democratic Union ֊ Czechoslovak People’s Party (KDUČSL) 70, 76, 86; see also Czechoslovak People’s Party (ČSL) Civic Center Alliance (РОС) 172-3, 188 Civic Democratic Party (ODS) 69-77, 80-2, 96, 98, 102, 275 Civic Forum (OF) 45, 59-63, 65, 67-70, 275-6 Civic Platform (PO) 185, 188, 191-5, 197, 199, 201-2, 205, 207, 209. 277,
279-80, 283 class politics 17-21, 26, 40, 54-8, 113, 166-7, 169-70, 172, 174 cleavages 16-24 communism 40-1, 56-8, 60, 63-8, 70-2, 113-4, 117, 172-3, 176, 188, 195, 199-200; see also anti-communism Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (KSČM) 71-2, 75-6, 95-6 Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ) 52-3, 56-60, 63-8, 100, 226-7 constitution: of Czechoslovakia 57-8; of Hungary 116, 134-5, 137, 145, 147, 154; of Poland 211-2 Constitutional court: of the Czech Republic 76; of Hungary 134; of Poland 196, 202 contingency 5-6, 14-15, 18-24, 26-7, 30, 38, 43, 46-7 contrariety 6, 36, 38, 48 Csurka, István 119-21, 124, 140, 143
Index Czech Pirate Party 52, 96-102, 275, 280, 283-4 Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD) 70-6, 79-82, 86-7, 95, 98, 102, 280 Czechoslovak People’s Party (ČSL) 55-56, 70 Dawn of Direct Democracy 52, 83, 90-3, 97, 100-2, 275, 283-4, 286 democracy 5, 9, 21—4, 28, 30, 37-8, 41, 54-5, 61-3, 70-1, 95,100, 111, 118-19, 130-3, 136, 145, 168, 196, 200, 225, 228, 237, 285; democratic backsliding 1, 284; direct 81, 90, 95, 97; liberal 2-3, 37, 138, 233, 285 Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) 173-4, 177-8, 180-1, 184-6, 188, 192, 207-8, 213-4 Democratic Union (UD) 172, 177, 185, 275 Dialogue for Hungary (PM) 153-7, 279-80, 285 difference: logic of 5-6, 26, 28, 30, 36-41, 45-6, 48 discourse: discourse analysis 2, 6, 8-10, 35, 38, 42-3, 46-8; discursive architectonics 4, 6, 15, 29, 39; see also post-foundationalism, postfoundational discourse analysis dislocation 4, 6, 9, 24, 38, 46, 52, 76, 82, 90, 96, 100, 113, 115-6, 120, 128-9, 156, 170, 172, 181, 187, 193, 196, 222, 235, 237, 245, 249, 252-3, 258, 276-7, 281, 287, 287n2 Duda, Andrzej 201, 209, 212 Dzurinda, Mikuláš 222, 235-6, 238—44, 249, 264, 277, 282 empty signifier 6, 27, 31n4, 36-40, 62, 65, 67, 81-2, 84, 91, 94,99,130-1,139-41, 147, 150, 154, 170, 176-7, 185-6, 190-1, 200, 206-7, 210-11, 237-8, 241-2, 248, 256-7 Endecja 165-7, 190 equivalence: chain of 5, 26-8, 36-40; logic of 5-6, 9, 26-30, 35-43, 48 European Union (EU) 22, 72, 89, 91-4, 124, 137-40, 149-50, 153, 196, 212, 235; membership in 72, 124, 196, 235; opposition to 72, 93-4, 196 Fico, Robert 222, 236, 239-43, 245, 249, 251-3, 258-60, 264, 267n3 313 Fidesz 110-11, 116-7,
119, 121-45, 147-59, 159n3, 159n4, 272, 274, 276-81, 284-7 floating signifier 99, 207, 242 Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD) 52, 92-5, 99-102, 275, 280, 283-4 Freedom and Solidarity (SaS) 246, 252, 261 Gomułka, Władysław 165, 169, 213 Gorilla affair 249-50 Gottwald, Klement 56, 61 Gyurcsány, Ferenc 125-9, 132, 153, 156 Havel, Václav 39, 53, 58-62, 69, 99, 227-8, 231 hegemonic formation 6-8, 35, 42-6, 104n7, 271, 287n2; “post-November” 8, 45-6, 52-3, 69-73, 75-6, 100, 102, 104n7, 274; “System of National Cooperation” see System of National Cooperation (NER) hegemony: theory of4-6,26, 37-8,42-6; see also hegemonic formation Hungarian Democratic Forum (MDF) 110-11, 116-25, 133, 275-7 Hungarian Guard 144 Hungarian Justice and Life Party (MIÉP) 110-11, 121-5, 139, 144, 156, 274, 276, 285 Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP) 110-11, 118, 121-8, 132, 134, 140-1, 148-51, 153-7, 159n3, 275, 277-80, 285 ideational: approaches to populism see populism, ideational approaches to; ideational turn 2, 9, 14, 20, 23 illiberalism 22, 41-2, 48n3, 81, 90, 102, 110, 138-41, 150, 156, 202, 234, 243; see also populism, illiberal imaginaries 4, 6-9, 35, 43-6, 48n4; national 53, 55, 110-12, 119, 122-3, 125-6, 133-5, 137, 156, 165, 202, 223-5, 227, 233, 263, 277-8; post-1989 4, 8-9, 45-6, 58, 61-2, 69-70, 72, 77, 100, 110, 117, 119, 122-3, 125-6, 133-5, 137, 156, 164-5, 172, 188, 195, 222-3, 244, 264, 271-5, 277-82, 286 Independent Smallholders Party (FKGP) 113, 116-7, 122, 124-5, 144 institutionalism 30, 35, 39, 57-61, 72-3, 99, 110, 115-6, 118-20, 123, 125,
314 Index 128-9, 132-9, 145, 151-2, 155-6, 171-2, 177, 197, 201, 208, 224-6, 229-31, 233, 238, 243, 245, 258, 263, 273, 279, 285; authoritarian 57, ПО, 133-7, 139, 142, 147, 156, 168, 233, 279, 281, 285; humanist 59-61; socialdemocratic 125, 128, 181, 247, 280 Jobbik 110-11, 129, 134, 136-7, 139-57, 159, 159η6, 271, 275-6, 279-81, 283-5, 287 John, Radek 77-8, 80, 82 Kaczyński, Jarosław 1, 172-3, 186-8, 191, 194-5, 200-3, 205-7, 212 Kaczyński, Lech 173, 188, 193-4, 196-8, 205 Kádár, János 114-6, 118 Karácsony, Gergely ПО, 153-6, 159 Klaus, Václav 69-71, 79-80, 83, 231-2 Kollár, Boris 222, 254-60, 263, 265, 284 Kotleba, Marian 222, 261-3 Kukiz, Paweł 209, 212 Kukiz’15 165, 208-15, 275, 277, 279-80, 282-4 Laclau, Ernesto 2-7, 14—15, 18, 26-30, 31n4, 35-7, 39-43 Law and Justice (PiS) 40, 164-6, 173, 185-205, 207-15, 271-2, 277-80, 282, 284-7 League of Polish Families (LPR) 186, 191, 194, 196 Lepper, Andrzej 182, 184-7, 196-7, 213 LGBT rights: opposition to 202, 204; support for 206 liberalism 9,41-2, 54, 74, 96-7,101,116, 119, 121-2, 138, 143-4, 153-4, 164-5, 172-81, 184-8, 191-201, 205-7, 213-1, 233, 236-8, 240, 242, 244-5, 275, 277-9, 282-3; see also neo-liberalism; see also populism, liberal logic: fantasmatic 6-7, 35,43-4, 48n4; of difference see difference; of equivalence see equivalence; political 2-3, 6-8, 15, 35, 41-4, 274, 285; social 6-7, 35, 43—4 Masaryk, Tomáš Garrigue 53-6, 225 Matovič, Igor 245-6, 248-54 Mečiar, Vladimír 8, 46, 222-3, 228-33, 235, 237-8, 240-5, 262-5, 266nl, 271, 274, 277, 282 Mouffe, Chantal 5-6, 14, 26, 36, 39, 42-3 Movement for a Democratic
Slovakia (HZDS) 222-3, 229^46, 263, 265, 266n2, 274-6, 282, 285 Mudde, Cas 2-3, 23-5, 30, 31n2 Nagy, Imre 114, 116-7 nationalism 1, 6, 25, 29-30, 38-41, 55, 65-9, 92-3, 110-2,115, 120-8, 138-52, 156-8, 164-7, 172, 182-93, 196-7, 201-4, 208-13, 222-7, 230-35, 237, 240, 242-3, 245, 262-3, 274-5, 279, 283-6; economic 65, 93, 146-7, 150, 234, 285; ethno- 45, 69, 81, 115, 118, 120-3, 143-4, 147, 150, 152, 232, 235, 261-2, 264, 274, 281, 283; populist 6, 40, 122, 124, 126-7, 139-44, 156-7, 274, 277; see also populism, nationalist nativism 6, 29-30,48n2, 68, 91-5,140-1, 150, 152, 254-8, 260, 263, 286, 287n4; see also populism, nativist neo-liberalism 42, 63-5, 67, 69-70, 73-5, 79, 81, 85, 90-1, 93, 102, 122-3, 145, 172, 208, 231, 283, 286; see also populism, neo-liberal nodal point 6, 26, 37-8, 40-1, 61, 73-4, 84, 86, 88, 93-4, 123-4, 138, 150, 174, 176, 195, 234, 244, 248 Okamura, Tornio 83, 90, 92-5 Opposition Agreements 71, 75-6, 100 Orbán, Viktor 1, 39, 42, 47, 116-17, 124-39, 141-3,150-1, 156,158-9, 277, 279, 285 Ordinary People and Independent Personalities (OLaNO) 222-3, 245-55, _ 257, 260-1, 264-5, 275, 277, 283—4 Őszöd speech 125, 128-9, 144, 156, 276, 281 Palikot, Janusz 205, 208, 214 Palikoťs Movement (RP) 165, 205-8, 211-12, 214-15, 275, 277, 279-80, 282-4, 286 Party of the Democratic Left (SDĽ) 232-3, 235, 239, 243-4 people’s camps (tábory lidu) 53-4 People’s Party Our Slovakia (ĽSNS) 223, 245, 261-4, 275, 277, 285 Piłsudski, Józef 167-8, 190
Index Polish People’s Party (PSL) 174, 177-8, 181, 184-6, 188, 197, 199, 213-4 Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR) 169-71, 173, 175, 192, 199 Politics Can Be Different (LMP) 134, 153 popular writers (népi írók) 112-13 populism: anti-clerical 205-7, 214, 283; anti-communist 52, 57, 62, 64-8, 100, 120; anti-liberal 139, 143, 164-5, 174-6, 178-9, 181-2, 184-9, 191-4, 196-201, 203, 210, 213-14, 278-9, 282-5; anti-party 208-9, 212, 223, 247-50, 252, 257,264, 284; centrist 52, 79, 81, 85 , 87, 222-3, 238, 240-5 , 249, 257, 263-4, 271, 282-3, 286; conservative 41, 223, 248, 264, 283; entrepreneur 52, 84, 88, 100, 223, 255, 257-8, 264-5, 284; ideational approaches to 5, 9, 14—15, 20, 23-8, 30; illiberal 110,139-41, 156; in power 52, 87-8, 136, 139, 187, 194, 196-7, 285, 287n3; left-wing 110-11, 154-7, 175-6, 178-9, 181, 213, 279, 285; liberal 17, 41, 52, 96-7, 165, 205-7, 214, 283, 286; nationalist 6, 40, 52, 65-7, 100, 146-7, 149-51, 155, 157, 165-6, 176, 183-94, 201, 203-4, 208-11, 213, 275, 279, 283-6; nativist 52, 91, 94, 110,140-1,156, 223, 255-8, 260, 263-4, 283, 286; neo-conservative 52, 93-4; neo-liberal 42, 52, 64-5, 81, 90-1, 286; objectivist approaches to 9, 14-9, 23-7, 30; post-foundational approaches to 1, 4, 6, 9, 14-15, 25-6, 30, 36, 44, 47; right-wing 39-41, 286; social 110-11, 127, 129-32, 136, 141-2, 145, 156, 164, 183-5, 198-201, 203, 205, 210, 214, 277-9, 281, 285-6 post-foundationalism 1, 5-6, 9, 14-15, 25-6, 30, 40, 42-4, 46-7; postfoundational discourse analysis 6, 35-6, 38, 42, 46-7, 287n2; see also populism, post-foundational approaches to psychoanalysis
22, 48n4 Public Affairs (W) 52, 77-83, 87, 90-1, 100, 102, 104n9, 275-6, 280, 282-4, 286 Public Against Violence (VPN) 222, 226-30, 275-6 Rally for the Republic - Republican 315 Party of Czechoslovakia (SPR-RSČ) 52-3, 57, 62-72, 100, 102, 104n5, 274, 276, 285 reductionism 39-40, 55-6, 113, 150, 166, 223, 262-4 referendum: demand for 77, 90, 93, 96, 132, 137, 150, 153, 209, 211, 232, 245-6, 250, 259; in Hungary 122, 126-7, 132, 135, 137, 140, 150; in Poland 169, 209; in Slovakia 250 Roma: discourses against 68-9, 75, 81, 102, 143-4, 147, 149, 243, 262-3 Rywin affair 181, 185-6 Sanacja 165, 168, 190-1, 210 sedimentation 6, 14, 42-3 Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland (SRP) 164-5, 181-8, 196-7, 209-10, 213-5, 275-6, 278, 283, 285, 287nl Sládek, Miroslav 47, 62-3, 65-8, 102, 104n5 Slovak Democratic and Christian Union - Democratic Party (SDKÚ-DS) 243-4, 246, 249 Slovak Democratic Coalition (SDK) 235, 243 Slovak National Party (SNS) 225, 227, 232-3, 243, 245-6, 252 Slovak People’s Party (SĽS) 225-6, 236, 261-2 Sme Rodina 222-3, 245, 254-61, 263-5, 275, 277, 283-4 Smer 222-3, 236, 239-47, 249-54, 257-8, 261-2, 264-5, 267n4, 267n5, 271, 275-7, 282-3, 285 socialism 18, 25, 41, 57-8, 70-1, 114, 169-70; social democracy 70,125, 128, 153, 174, 181, 222, 240, 242, 244, 247, 264, 280; state socialism 1, 44-5, 275 Solidarity Electoral Action (AWS) 179, 185, 188, 191, 195, 276 Solidarity: trade union 8, 46, 164-5, 170-6, 178-80, 188-9, 191,194-5, 211, 213-4, 271-2, 274-6, 278, 282 Solidarność see Solidarity, trade union Soros, George: discourses against 39, 110, 119, 139-42, 156,
278-9, 284 system change (rendszerváltás) 110-12, 116-20, 123-6, 133-5, 143, 156, 272, 274, 277-8 System of National Cooperation (NER) 41, 111, 134-6, 138,141-2,147, 155-6, 278-81, 287
316 Index Topolánek, Mirek 75-7, 80, 87 Tusk, Donald 188, 193-5, 199, 202, 205-7 Vona, Gábor 144-6, 148, 150-3 Union of Labor (UP) 164-5, 174-81, 184-5,188,208,213-15,217ո2, 274-6, 278, 285 Zeman, Miloš 71-2, 83, 104nl0 Bayerisch· Staatsbibliothek Mönchen Wałęsa, Lech 170, 172, 196, 217nl |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Kim, Seongcheol 1991- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1211907791 |
| author_facet | Kim, Seongcheol 1991- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Kim, Seongcheol 1991- |
| author_variant | s k sk |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV047501468 |
| classification_rvk | MG 80329 MG 80315 MS 4450 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1284799966 (DE-599)BVBBV047501468 |
| discipline | Politologie Soziologie |
| discipline_str_mv | Politologie Soziologie |
| format | Thesis Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>00000nam a2200000 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV047501468</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20211110</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t|</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">211007s2022 xx a||| bm|| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781032015354</subfield><subfield code="c">hbk</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-03-201535-4</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781032029573</subfield><subfield code="c">pbk</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-03-202957-3</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1284799966</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV047501468</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">OST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">MG 80329</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)122863:12094</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">MG 80315</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)122863:12082</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">MS 4450</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)123703:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Kim, Seongcheol</subfield><subfield code="d">1991-</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)1211907791</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Discourse, hegemony, and populism in the Visegrád Four</subfield><subfield code="c">Seongcheol Kim</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">London ; New York</subfield><subfield code="b">Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group</subfield><subfield code="c">2022</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">xviii, 316 Seiten</subfield><subfield code="b">Illustrationen</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Routledge studies in extremism and democracy</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="502" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">Dissertation</subfield><subfield code="c">Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin</subfield><subfield code="d">2020</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">"This is the first book-length account of populism in the Visegrád Four (V4) countries - Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia - for the first 30 years of multi-party competition since the transformative events of 1989-91 in Central and Eastern Europe. Advancing a post-foundational approach to populism based on a semi-formal reading of Ernesto Laclau's theory, the book undertakes a detailed examination of how the 'people' has been constructed in populist discourses in the party systems of the four countries since 1989. Drawing on a wealth of source material, the book offers both a wide-ranging and in-depth overview and classification of populism in the V4 in terms of discursive (e.g. centrist, conservative, left-wing, liberal, nationalist, social) and hegemonic type (e.g. authoritarian hegemonic, generational counter-hegemonic) alike. The book will be of interest to students and scholars of populism, party politics, and Central and Eastern Europe"</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Populismus</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4129521-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Hegemonie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4023979-2</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Diskursanalyse</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4194747-2</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Visegrád-Staaten</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4398309-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Populism / Europe, Eastern</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Political parties / Europe, Eastern</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Discourse analysis / Political aspects / Europe, Eastern</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Visegrád Group</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Europe, Eastern / Politics and government / 1989-</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Visegrád Group</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Discourse analysis / Political aspects</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Political parties</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Politics and government</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Populism</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Eastern Europe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Since 1989</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="655" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4113937-9</subfield><subfield code="a">Hochschulschrift</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd-content</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Visegrád-Staaten</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4398309-1</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Populismus</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4129521-3</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Hegemonie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4023979-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Diskursanalyse</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4194747-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Online-Ausgabe</subfield><subfield code="z">978-1-00-318600-7</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032902514&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032902514&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Literaturverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032902514&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Register // Gemischte Register</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="n">oe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">BSB_NED_20211110</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">0905</subfield><subfield code="g">437</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="943" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032902514</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| genre | (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Hochschulschrift |
| geographic | Visegrád-Staaten (DE-588)4398309-1 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Visegrád-Staaten |
| id | DE-604.BV047501468 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T18:19:01Z |
| indexdate | 2025-01-20T13:03:44Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781032015354 9781032029573 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032902514 |
| oclc_num | 1284799966 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | xviii, 316 Seiten Illustrationen |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20211110 |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateSearch | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Routledge studies in extremism and democracy |
| spelling | Kim, Seongcheol 1991- Verfasser (DE-588)1211907791 aut Discourse, hegemony, and populism in the Visegrád Four Seongcheol Kim London ; New York Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group 2022 xviii, 316 Seiten Illustrationen txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Routledge studies in extremism and democracy Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2020 "This is the first book-length account of populism in the Visegrád Four (V4) countries - Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia - for the first 30 years of multi-party competition since the transformative events of 1989-91 in Central and Eastern Europe. Advancing a post-foundational approach to populism based on a semi-formal reading of Ernesto Laclau's theory, the book undertakes a detailed examination of how the 'people' has been constructed in populist discourses in the party systems of the four countries since 1989. Drawing on a wealth of source material, the book offers both a wide-ranging and in-depth overview and classification of populism in the V4 in terms of discursive (e.g. centrist, conservative, left-wing, liberal, nationalist, social) and hegemonic type (e.g. authoritarian hegemonic, generational counter-hegemonic) alike. The book will be of interest to students and scholars of populism, party politics, and Central and Eastern Europe" Populismus (DE-588)4129521-3 gnd rswk-swf Hegemonie (DE-588)4023979-2 gnd rswk-swf Diskursanalyse (DE-588)4194747-2 gnd rswk-swf Visegrád-Staaten (DE-588)4398309-1 gnd rswk-swf Populism / Europe, Eastern Political parties / Europe, Eastern Discourse analysis / Political aspects / Europe, Eastern Visegrád Group Europe, Eastern / Politics and government / 1989- Discourse analysis / Political aspects Political parties Politics and government Populism Eastern Europe Since 1989 (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Visegrád-Staaten (DE-588)4398309-1 g Populismus (DE-588)4129521-3 s Hegemonie (DE-588)4023979-2 s Diskursanalyse (DE-588)4194747-2 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-00-318600-7 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032902514&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032902514&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032902514&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Kim, Seongcheol 1991- Discourse, hegemony, and populism in the Visegrád Four Populismus (DE-588)4129521-3 gnd Hegemonie (DE-588)4023979-2 gnd Diskursanalyse (DE-588)4194747-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4129521-3 (DE-588)4023979-2 (DE-588)4194747-2 (DE-588)4398309-1 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | Discourse, hegemony, and populism in the Visegrád Four |
| title_auth | Discourse, hegemony, and populism in the Visegrád Four |
| title_exact_search | Discourse, hegemony, and populism in the Visegrád Four |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Discourse, hegemony, and populism in the Visegrád Four |
| title_full | Discourse, hegemony, and populism in the Visegrád Four Seongcheol Kim |
| title_fullStr | Discourse, hegemony, and populism in the Visegrád Four Seongcheol Kim |
| title_full_unstemmed | Discourse, hegemony, and populism in the Visegrád Four Seongcheol Kim |
| title_short | Discourse, hegemony, and populism in the Visegrád Four |
| title_sort | discourse hegemony and populism in the visegrad four |
| topic | Populismus (DE-588)4129521-3 gnd Hegemonie (DE-588)4023979-2 gnd Diskursanalyse (DE-588)4194747-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Populismus Hegemonie Diskursanalyse Visegrád-Staaten Hochschulschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032902514&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032902514&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032902514&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kimseongcheol discoursehegemonyandpopulisminthevisegradfour |