Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Milton
Taylor & Francis Group
2021
|
| Ausgabe: | 3rd ed |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Beschreibung: | Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources |
| Beschreibung: | 1 Online-Ressource (525 Seiten) |
| ISBN: | 9781000326789 9781000326864 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems |
| 250 | |a 3rd ed | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Milton |b Taylor & Francis Group |c 2021 | |
| 264 | 4 | |c ©2021 | |
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| 505 | 8 | |a Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Editors -- Contributors -- 1 History -- 1.1 The Beginning -- 1.2 The Need for Effective Control -- 1.3 The Radio and the Autopilot -- 1.4 The Aerial Torpedo: The First Modern Unmanned Aircraft (March 6, 1918) -- 1.5 The Target Drone -- 1.6 WWII U.S. Navy Assault Drone -- 1.7 WWII German V-1 Buzz Bomb -- 1.8 WWII German Mistletoe -- 1.9 Early Unmanned Reconnaissance Aircraft -- 1.10 Radar Decoys: 1950s-1970s -- 1.11 Long-Range Reconnaissance Unmanned Aircraft Systems: 1960s-1970s -- 1.12 First Helicopter Unmanned Aircraft Systems: 1960s-1970s -- 1.13 The Hunt for Autonomous Operation -- 1.14 The Birth of the Twin Boom Pushers -- 1.15 Desert Storm: 1991 -- 1.16 Overcoming the Manned Pilot Bias -- 1.17 Amateur-Built Unmanned Aircraft -- 1.18 Will Unmanned Aircraft Systems Replace Manned Aircraft? -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- 2 UAS Applications -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Basic Technology -- 2.2.1 Control Methods -- 2.2.1.1 Manual Control -- 2.2.1.2 Stabilized Control -- 2.2.1.3 Automated Control -- 2.3 Payloads -- 2.3.1 Remote Sensing -- 2.3.2 Passive Electro-Optical Sensors -- 2.3.2.1 Electro-Optical Imaging System -- 2.3.2.2 Visible RGB Sensors -- 2.3.2.3 Full-Motion Video Sensors -- 2.3.2.4 IR/NIR/SWIR Sensors -- 2.3.2.5 MWIR/LWIR Sensors -- 2.3.3 Active Sensors -- 2.3.3.1 LiDAR -- 2.3.3.2 Radar and Synthetic Aperture Radar -- 2.4.1 UAS Fleet Management Software -- 2.4 UAS Software for Commercial Applications -- 2.4.2 Autopilot Software -- 2.4.3 Sensor Data Asset Management -- 2.4.4 Analytical Photogrammetry Software -- 2.4.5 Change Detection and Machine Learning -- 2.4.6 Computer Vision -- 2.4.6.1 Autonomous Flight Path Algorithms -- 2.5 Commercial Applications -- 2.5.1 Building and Roof Inspections | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 2.5.2 Aircraft Inspections -- 2.5.3 Oil, Gas, Power Lines, and Nuclear Power Plants -- 2.5.4 Industrial Inspection -- 2.5.5 Civil Infrastructure -- 2.5.6 Electric Power Industry -- 2.5.7 Wind Turbine Inspection -- 2.5.8 Tower/Antenna Inspection -- 2.5.9 Oil and Gas Inspection -- 2.5.10 Photogrammetric Applications -- 2.5.11 Aerial Mapping -- 2.5.12 Aerial Surveying -- 2.5.13 Volumetrics -- 2.5.14 Precision Agriculture -- 2.5.15 Natural Resource Management -- 2.5.16 Aerial Filming and Photography -- 2.5.17 Filmmaking -- 2.5.18 Real Estate -- 2.5.19 Marketing -- 2.5.20 News Reporting -- 2.5.21 Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance, and Emergency Response -- 2.5.22 Law Enforcement -- 2.5.23 Search and Rescue -- 2.5.24 Signals Intelligence -- 2.5.25 Communications Relay -- 2.5.26 Atmospheric Information Collection -- 2.5.27 Meteorology -- 2.5.28 Hazardous Material Detection -- 2.5.29 Radioactive Material Detection -- 2.5.30 Applications Requiring Physical Interaction with Substances, Materials, or Objects -- 2.5.31 Aerial Chemical Application -- 2.5.32 Water Sampling -- 2.5.33 Small Unmanned Cargo Aircraft Delivery -- 2.5.34 Large Unmanned Cargo Delivery -- 2.6 Additional Considerations -- 2.6.1 Mission Planning -- 2.6.2 Data Processing and Analysis -- 2.7 Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- Note -- References -- 3 The "System" in UAS -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 What Makes Up an Unmanned Aircraft System -- 3.2 UAS/RPA -- 3.2.1 Fixed Wing -- 3.2.2 Vertical Takeoff and Landing -- 3.2.3 Hybrid Platforms -- 3.3 Command and Control Element -- 3.3.1 Autopilot -- 3.3.2 Ground Control Station -- 3.4 Communication Data Link -- 3.4.1 Radio Line-of-Sight -- 3.4.2 Beyond Radio Line-of-Sight -- 3.5 Payload -- 3.5.1 Electro-Optical -- 3.5.2 Thermal Infrared -- 3.5.3 Spectral -- 3.5.4 Laser -- 3.6 Launch and Recovery -- 3.7 Human Element -- Discussion Questions | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 4 UAS Sensing - Theory and Practice -- 4.1 Why We Fly -- 4.2 Introduction to Sensing -- 4.2.1 In Situ Sensing -- 4.2.2 Remote Sensing -- 4.2.3 Platform Considerations -- 4.3 Remote Sensing -- 4.3.1 Overview -- 4.3.2 Sensor Types -- 4.3.2.1 Spot Sensors -- 4.3.2.2 Imaging Sensors -- 4.3.3 Common Sensors -- 4.3.3.1 Visible Spectrum Cameras and Near-Infrared Cameras -- 4.3.3.2 Long-Wave Infrared Cameras -- 4.3.3.3 Hyperspectral Imagers -- 4.3.3.4 LiDAR -- 4.3.3.5 Synthetic Aperture Radar -- 4.4 Geospatial Data Types -- 4.4.1 Raster Data -- 4.4.2 Vector Data -- 4.5 Image Processing Concepts -- 4.5.1 Structure from Motion -- 4.5.1.1 Point Clouds -- 4.6 Data Management -- 4.6.1 Data Security (Cloud Security) -- 4.6.2 Long-Term Data Storage -- 4.7 Applications -- 4.7.1 Motion Imagery -- 4.7.2 Emergency Response -- 4.7.3 Map (Background) Imagery -- 4.7.4 Infrastructure Inspection -- 4.7.5 Vegetation Health Measurements -- 4.7.5.1 Vegetation Index: An Overview -- 4.7.5.2 UAS in Agriculture-Vegetation Indices -- 4.7.5.3 Thermal Mapping -- 4.7.5.4 Broader Vegetation Management -- 4.7.5.5 Airframes for Vegetation Applications -- 4.8 Conclusions -- Discussion Questions -- Bibliography -- 5 UAS Regulations, Standards, and Guidance -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 U.S. Aviation Regulatory System -- 5.2.1 History of U.S. Aviation Regulations -- 5.2.2 Federal Aviation Administration -- 5.2.3 Enforcement and Sanctions -- 5.3 Current U.S. Regulation of Unmanned Aircraft -- 5.4 How the Process Works -- 5.5 Standards and Guidance versus Regulations -- 5.6 International Aviation Regulations -- 5.7 Other Nations' Domestic Regulatory Efforts -- 5.8 The Way Forward: The Future of Unmanned Aircraft Systems Regulations -- 5.9 Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- 6 Human Factors in Unmanned Aerial Systems -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 The Enormity of the Scope | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 6.3 A Caution Regarding Hindsight Bias -- 6.4 Human Perception and RPA Operations -- 6.5 Attention -- 6.6 Selective Attention -- 6.7 Focused Attention -- 6.8 Divided Attention -- 6.9 Sustained Attention -- 6.10 Human Error -- 6.11 Threat and Error Management -- 6.12 Crew Resource Management -- 6.13 Situation Awareness -- 6.13.1 Vigilance -- 6.13.2 Diagnosis -- 6.13.3 Risk Analysis -- 6.13.4 Action -- 6.14 Human-Machine Interfacing -- 6.15 Compatibility -- 6.16 Compatibility Types -- Recommended Readings -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 7 Safety Assessments -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Hazard Analysis -- 7.2.1 Purpose -- 7.2.2 Preliminary Hazard List -- 7.2.3 Preliminary Hazard Analysis -- 7.2.4 Operational Hazard Review and Analysis -- 7.2.5 Change Analysis -- 7.3 Risk Assessment -- 7.3.1 Purpose -- 7.3.2 Development -- 7.3.3 Use -- 7.4 Safety Evaluation -- 7.4.1 Risk Assessment -- 7.4.2 Flight Test Cards -- 7.4.3 Airworthiness Certification -- 7.5 Accident Investigation Considerations -- 7.5.1 Software and Hardware -- 7.5.2 Human Factors -- 7.5.3 Suggestions -- 7.6 Conclusion and Recommendations -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 8 Export Control and ITAR -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Glossary of Terms for Export Control Understanding -- 8.3 The Sources of Export Controls -- 8.4 What Is Export Control? -- 8.5 Where Do Export Controls Come From? -- 8.5.1 Export Control Reform Act and UAS -- 8.6 Export Administration Regulations -- 8.6.1 Commerce Control List (CCL) -- 8.6.2 Missile Technology Control Regime Annex -- 8.7 International Traffic in Arms Regulation (ITAR) -- Category VIII - Aircraft, Space, and Associated Equipment -- Category XI - Military and Space Electronics -- Category XV - Spacecraft Systems and Associated Equipment Aircraft -- Other USML Categories Also Have the Potential to Include Items Relevant to USML Controls | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 8.8 How Do Export Control Issues Come Up in Real Life? -- 8.9 How to Protect Export-Controlled Products and Information ("Know How")? -- 8.10 What Are Export Control Violations? -- 8.11 How Do We Perform Work Outside of the United States? -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- 9 Unmanned Aircraft System Design -- 9.1 Introduction: Mission Capability-Derived Design -- 9.2 The UAS Design Process -- 9.2.1 Design Tools -- 9.2.2 Design Automation and Optimization -- 9.3 Unmanned Aircraft Subsystems -- 9.3.1 Airframe -- 9.3.2 Propulsion System -- 9.3.3 Flight Control System -- 9.3.4 Control Station -- 9.3.5 Payloads -- 9.3.6 Communications, Command, and Control (C3) -- 9.4 Standards for UAS Design, Construction, and Operations -- 9.5 UAS Design Verification and Mission Validation -- 9.6 Design Characteristics for UAS -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 10 UAS Airframe Design -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 A Few Observations Regarding UAS Design -- 10.2.1 Form Follows Function: The Best Place to Begin the Design Process -- 10.2.2 Economic Influences on the Design Process -- 10.2.3 Exogenous Factors Affecting the Design of UASs -- 10.2.4 Selected Preliminary Comments Relevant to UAS Flight Dynamics and Physics -- 10.3 Airframe Designs -- 10.3.1 Fixed-Wing Designs -- 10.3.1.1 Factors in UAS Tail Designs -- 10.3.1.2 Conventional Wing, Inverted-T-Tail Aircraft -- 10.3.1.3 Conventional Fuselage, Aft Engine Designs -- 10.3.1.4 Twin-Boom, Pusher-Propeller Designs -- 10.3.1.5 Flying Wings -- 10.3.1.6 Canard UASs -- 10.3.2 Rotating-Wing or Rotary-Wing Designs -- 10.3.2.1 Helicopter UAS -- 10.3.2.2 Multirotors -- 10.3.2.3 Other Rotating-Wing UASs -- 10.4 Launch and Recovery Systems -- 10.5 Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 11 UAS Propulsion System Design -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Engine Design -- 11.2.1 Reciprocating Engines | |
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| author | Barnhart, R. Kurt |
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| contents | Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Editors -- Contributors -- 1 History -- 1.1 The Beginning -- 1.2 The Need for Effective Control -- 1.3 The Radio and the Autopilot -- 1.4 The Aerial Torpedo: The First Modern Unmanned Aircraft (March 6, 1918) -- 1.5 The Target Drone -- 1.6 WWII U.S. Navy Assault Drone -- 1.7 WWII German V-1 Buzz Bomb -- 1.8 WWII German Mistletoe -- 1.9 Early Unmanned Reconnaissance Aircraft -- 1.10 Radar Decoys: 1950s-1970s -- 1.11 Long-Range Reconnaissance Unmanned Aircraft Systems: 1960s-1970s -- 1.12 First Helicopter Unmanned Aircraft Systems: 1960s-1970s -- 1.13 The Hunt for Autonomous Operation -- 1.14 The Birth of the Twin Boom Pushers -- 1.15 Desert Storm: 1991 -- 1.16 Overcoming the Manned Pilot Bias -- 1.17 Amateur-Built Unmanned Aircraft -- 1.18 Will Unmanned Aircraft Systems Replace Manned Aircraft? -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- 2 UAS Applications -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Basic Technology -- 2.2.1 Control Methods -- 2.2.1.1 Manual Control -- 2.2.1.2 Stabilized Control -- 2.2.1.3 Automated Control -- 2.3 Payloads -- 2.3.1 Remote Sensing -- 2.3.2 Passive Electro-Optical Sensors -- 2.3.2.1 Electro-Optical Imaging System -- 2.3.2.2 Visible RGB Sensors -- 2.3.2.3 Full-Motion Video Sensors -- 2.3.2.4 IR/NIR/SWIR Sensors -- 2.3.2.5 MWIR/LWIR Sensors -- 2.3.3 Active Sensors -- 2.3.3.1 LiDAR -- 2.3.3.2 Radar and Synthetic Aperture Radar -- 2.4.1 UAS Fleet Management Software -- 2.4 UAS Software for Commercial Applications -- 2.4.2 Autopilot Software -- 2.4.3 Sensor Data Asset Management -- 2.4.4 Analytical Photogrammetry Software -- 2.4.5 Change Detection and Machine Learning -- 2.4.6 Computer Vision -- 2.4.6.1 Autonomous Flight Path Algorithms -- 2.5 Commercial Applications -- 2.5.1 Building and Roof Inspections 2.5.2 Aircraft Inspections -- 2.5.3 Oil, Gas, Power Lines, and Nuclear Power Plants -- 2.5.4 Industrial Inspection -- 2.5.5 Civil Infrastructure -- 2.5.6 Electric Power Industry -- 2.5.7 Wind Turbine Inspection -- 2.5.8 Tower/Antenna Inspection -- 2.5.9 Oil and Gas Inspection -- 2.5.10 Photogrammetric Applications -- 2.5.11 Aerial Mapping -- 2.5.12 Aerial Surveying -- 2.5.13 Volumetrics -- 2.5.14 Precision Agriculture -- 2.5.15 Natural Resource Management -- 2.5.16 Aerial Filming and Photography -- 2.5.17 Filmmaking -- 2.5.18 Real Estate -- 2.5.19 Marketing -- 2.5.20 News Reporting -- 2.5.21 Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance, and Emergency Response -- 2.5.22 Law Enforcement -- 2.5.23 Search and Rescue -- 2.5.24 Signals Intelligence -- 2.5.25 Communications Relay -- 2.5.26 Atmospheric Information Collection -- 2.5.27 Meteorology -- 2.5.28 Hazardous Material Detection -- 2.5.29 Radioactive Material Detection -- 2.5.30 Applications Requiring Physical Interaction with Substances, Materials, or Objects -- 2.5.31 Aerial Chemical Application -- 2.5.32 Water Sampling -- 2.5.33 Small Unmanned Cargo Aircraft Delivery -- 2.5.34 Large Unmanned Cargo Delivery -- 2.6 Additional Considerations -- 2.6.1 Mission Planning -- 2.6.2 Data Processing and Analysis -- 2.7 Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- Note -- References -- 3 The "System" in UAS -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 What Makes Up an Unmanned Aircraft System -- 3.2 UAS/RPA -- 3.2.1 Fixed Wing -- 3.2.2 Vertical Takeoff and Landing -- 3.2.3 Hybrid Platforms -- 3.3 Command and Control Element -- 3.3.1 Autopilot -- 3.3.2 Ground Control Station -- 3.4 Communication Data Link -- 3.4.1 Radio Line-of-Sight -- 3.4.2 Beyond Radio Line-of-Sight -- 3.5 Payload -- 3.5.1 Electro-Optical -- 3.5.2 Thermal Infrared -- 3.5.3 Spectral -- 3.5.4 Laser -- 3.6 Launch and Recovery -- 3.7 Human Element -- Discussion Questions 4 UAS Sensing - Theory and Practice -- 4.1 Why We Fly -- 4.2 Introduction to Sensing -- 4.2.1 In Situ Sensing -- 4.2.2 Remote Sensing -- 4.2.3 Platform Considerations -- 4.3 Remote Sensing -- 4.3.1 Overview -- 4.3.2 Sensor Types -- 4.3.2.1 Spot Sensors -- 4.3.2.2 Imaging Sensors -- 4.3.3 Common Sensors -- 4.3.3.1 Visible Spectrum Cameras and Near-Infrared Cameras -- 4.3.3.2 Long-Wave Infrared Cameras -- 4.3.3.3 Hyperspectral Imagers -- 4.3.3.4 LiDAR -- 4.3.3.5 Synthetic Aperture Radar -- 4.4 Geospatial Data Types -- 4.4.1 Raster Data -- 4.4.2 Vector Data -- 4.5 Image Processing Concepts -- 4.5.1 Structure from Motion -- 4.5.1.1 Point Clouds -- 4.6 Data Management -- 4.6.1 Data Security (Cloud Security) -- 4.6.2 Long-Term Data Storage -- 4.7 Applications -- 4.7.1 Motion Imagery -- 4.7.2 Emergency Response -- 4.7.3 Map (Background) Imagery -- 4.7.4 Infrastructure Inspection -- 4.7.5 Vegetation Health Measurements -- 4.7.5.1 Vegetation Index: An Overview -- 4.7.5.2 UAS in Agriculture-Vegetation Indices -- 4.7.5.3 Thermal Mapping -- 4.7.5.4 Broader Vegetation Management -- 4.7.5.5 Airframes for Vegetation Applications -- 4.8 Conclusions -- Discussion Questions -- Bibliography -- 5 UAS Regulations, Standards, and Guidance -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 U.S. Aviation Regulatory System -- 5.2.1 History of U.S. Aviation Regulations -- 5.2.2 Federal Aviation Administration -- 5.2.3 Enforcement and Sanctions -- 5.3 Current U.S. Regulation of Unmanned Aircraft -- 5.4 How the Process Works -- 5.5 Standards and Guidance versus Regulations -- 5.6 International Aviation Regulations -- 5.7 Other Nations' Domestic Regulatory Efforts -- 5.8 The Way Forward: The Future of Unmanned Aircraft Systems Regulations -- 5.9 Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- 6 Human Factors in Unmanned Aerial Systems -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 The Enormity of the Scope 6.3 A Caution Regarding Hindsight Bias -- 6.4 Human Perception and RPA Operations -- 6.5 Attention -- 6.6 Selective Attention -- 6.7 Focused Attention -- 6.8 Divided Attention -- 6.9 Sustained Attention -- 6.10 Human Error -- 6.11 Threat and Error Management -- 6.12 Crew Resource Management -- 6.13 Situation Awareness -- 6.13.1 Vigilance -- 6.13.2 Diagnosis -- 6.13.3 Risk Analysis -- 6.13.4 Action -- 6.14 Human-Machine Interfacing -- 6.15 Compatibility -- 6.16 Compatibility Types -- Recommended Readings -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 7 Safety Assessments -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Hazard Analysis -- 7.2.1 Purpose -- 7.2.2 Preliminary Hazard List -- 7.2.3 Preliminary Hazard Analysis -- 7.2.4 Operational Hazard Review and Analysis -- 7.2.5 Change Analysis -- 7.3 Risk Assessment -- 7.3.1 Purpose -- 7.3.2 Development -- 7.3.3 Use -- 7.4 Safety Evaluation -- 7.4.1 Risk Assessment -- 7.4.2 Flight Test Cards -- 7.4.3 Airworthiness Certification -- 7.5 Accident Investigation Considerations -- 7.5.1 Software and Hardware -- 7.5.2 Human Factors -- 7.5.3 Suggestions -- 7.6 Conclusion and Recommendations -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 8 Export Control and ITAR -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Glossary of Terms for Export Control Understanding -- 8.3 The Sources of Export Controls -- 8.4 What Is Export Control? -- 8.5 Where Do Export Controls Come From? -- 8.5.1 Export Control Reform Act and UAS -- 8.6 Export Administration Regulations -- 8.6.1 Commerce Control List (CCL) -- 8.6.2 Missile Technology Control Regime Annex -- 8.7 International Traffic in Arms Regulation (ITAR) -- Category VIII - Aircraft, Space, and Associated Equipment -- Category XI - Military and Space Electronics -- Category XV - Spacecraft Systems and Associated Equipment Aircraft -- Other USML Categories Also Have the Potential to Include Items Relevant to USML Controls 8.8 How Do Export Control Issues Come Up in Real Life? -- 8.9 How to Protect Export-Controlled Products and Information ("Know How")? -- 8.10 What Are Export Control Violations? -- 8.11 How Do We Perform Work Outside of the United States? -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- 9 Unmanned Aircraft System Design -- 9.1 Introduction: Mission Capability-Derived Design -- 9.2 The UAS Design Process -- 9.2.1 Design Tools -- 9.2.2 Design Automation and Optimization -- 9.3 Unmanned Aircraft Subsystems -- 9.3.1 Airframe -- 9.3.2 Propulsion System -- 9.3.3 Flight Control System -- 9.3.4 Control Station -- 9.3.5 Payloads -- 9.3.6 Communications, Command, and Control (C3) -- 9.4 Standards for UAS Design, Construction, and Operations -- 9.5 UAS Design Verification and Mission Validation -- 9.6 Design Characteristics for UAS -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 10 UAS Airframe Design -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 A Few Observations Regarding UAS Design -- 10.2.1 Form Follows Function: The Best Place to Begin the Design Process -- 10.2.2 Economic Influences on the Design Process -- 10.2.3 Exogenous Factors Affecting the Design of UASs -- 10.2.4 Selected Preliminary Comments Relevant to UAS Flight Dynamics and Physics -- 10.3 Airframe Designs -- 10.3.1 Fixed-Wing Designs -- 10.3.1.1 Factors in UAS Tail Designs -- 10.3.1.2 Conventional Wing, Inverted-T-Tail Aircraft -- 10.3.1.3 Conventional Fuselage, Aft Engine Designs -- 10.3.1.4 Twin-Boom, Pusher-Propeller Designs -- 10.3.1.5 Flying Wings -- 10.3.1.6 Canard UASs -- 10.3.2 Rotating-Wing or Rotary-Wing Designs -- 10.3.2.1 Helicopter UAS -- 10.3.2.2 Multirotors -- 10.3.2.3 Other Rotating-Wing UASs -- 10.4 Launch and Recovery Systems -- 10.5 Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 11 UAS Propulsion System Design -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Engine Design -- 11.2.1 Reciprocating Engines 11.2.1.1 Four-Cycle Engines |
| ctrlnum | (ZDB-30-PQE)EBC6481414 (ZDB-30-PAD)EBC6481414 (ZDB-89-EBL)EBL6481414 (OCoLC)1239988443 (DE-599)BVBBV047442825 |
| discipline | Verkehr / Transport |
| discipline_str_mv | Verkehr / Transport |
| edition | 3rd ed |
| format | Electronic eBook |
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code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Editors -- Contributors -- 1 History -- 1.1 The Beginning -- 1.2 The Need for Effective Control -- 1.3 The Radio and the Autopilot -- 1.4 The Aerial Torpedo: The First Modern Unmanned Aircraft (March 6, 1918) -- 1.5 The Target Drone -- 1.6 WWII U.S. Navy Assault Drone -- 1.7 WWII German V-1 Buzz Bomb -- 1.8 WWII German Mistletoe -- 1.9 Early Unmanned Reconnaissance Aircraft -- 1.10 Radar Decoys: 1950s-1970s -- 1.11 Long-Range Reconnaissance Unmanned Aircraft Systems: 1960s-1970s -- 1.12 First Helicopter Unmanned Aircraft Systems: 1960s-1970s -- 1.13 The Hunt for Autonomous Operation -- 1.14 The Birth of the Twin Boom Pushers -- 1.15 Desert Storm: 1991 -- 1.16 Overcoming the Manned Pilot Bias -- 1.17 Amateur-Built Unmanned Aircraft -- 1.18 Will Unmanned Aircraft Systems Replace Manned Aircraft? -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- 2 UAS Applications -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Basic Technology -- 2.2.1 Control Methods -- 2.2.1.1 Manual Control -- 2.2.1.2 Stabilized Control -- 2.2.1.3 Automated Control -- 2.3 Payloads -- 2.3.1 Remote Sensing -- 2.3.2 Passive Electro-Optical Sensors -- 2.3.2.1 Electro-Optical Imaging System -- 2.3.2.2 Visible RGB Sensors -- 2.3.2.3 Full-Motion Video Sensors -- 2.3.2.4 IR/NIR/SWIR Sensors -- 2.3.2.5 MWIR/LWIR Sensors -- 2.3.3 Active Sensors -- 2.3.3.1 LiDAR -- 2.3.3.2 Radar and Synthetic Aperture Radar -- 2.4.1 UAS Fleet Management Software -- 2.4 UAS Software for Commercial Applications -- 2.4.2 Autopilot Software -- 2.4.3 Sensor Data Asset Management -- 2.4.4 Analytical Photogrammetry Software -- 2.4.5 Change Detection and Machine Learning -- 2.4.6 Computer Vision -- 2.4.6.1 Autonomous Flight Path Algorithms -- 2.5 Commercial Applications -- 2.5.1 Building and Roof Inspections</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">2.5.2 Aircraft Inspections -- 2.5.3 Oil, Gas, Power Lines, and Nuclear Power Plants -- 2.5.4 Industrial Inspection -- 2.5.5 Civil Infrastructure -- 2.5.6 Electric Power Industry -- 2.5.7 Wind Turbine Inspection -- 2.5.8 Tower/Antenna Inspection -- 2.5.9 Oil and Gas Inspection -- 2.5.10 Photogrammetric Applications -- 2.5.11 Aerial Mapping -- 2.5.12 Aerial Surveying -- 2.5.13 Volumetrics -- 2.5.14 Precision Agriculture -- 2.5.15 Natural Resource Management -- 2.5.16 Aerial Filming and Photography -- 2.5.17 Filmmaking -- 2.5.18 Real Estate -- 2.5.19 Marketing -- 2.5.20 News Reporting -- 2.5.21 Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance, and Emergency Response -- 2.5.22 Law Enforcement -- 2.5.23 Search and Rescue -- 2.5.24 Signals Intelligence -- 2.5.25 Communications Relay -- 2.5.26 Atmospheric Information Collection -- 2.5.27 Meteorology -- 2.5.28 Hazardous Material Detection -- 2.5.29 Radioactive Material Detection -- 2.5.30 Applications Requiring Physical Interaction with Substances, Materials, or Objects -- 2.5.31 Aerial Chemical Application -- 2.5.32 Water Sampling -- 2.5.33 Small Unmanned Cargo Aircraft Delivery -- 2.5.34 Large Unmanned Cargo Delivery -- 2.6 Additional Considerations -- 2.6.1 Mission Planning -- 2.6.2 Data Processing and Analysis -- 2.7 Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- Note -- References -- 3 The "System" in UAS -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 What Makes Up an Unmanned Aircraft System -- 3.2 UAS/RPA -- 3.2.1 Fixed Wing -- 3.2.2 Vertical Takeoff and Landing -- 3.2.3 Hybrid Platforms -- 3.3 Command and Control Element -- 3.3.1 Autopilot -- 3.3.2 Ground Control Station -- 3.4 Communication Data Link -- 3.4.1 Radio Line-of-Sight -- 3.4.2 Beyond Radio Line-of-Sight -- 3.5 Payload -- 3.5.1 Electro-Optical -- 3.5.2 Thermal Infrared -- 3.5.3 Spectral -- 3.5.4 Laser -- 3.6 Launch and Recovery -- 3.7 Human Element -- Discussion Questions</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">4 UAS Sensing - Theory and Practice -- 4.1 Why We Fly -- 4.2 Introduction to Sensing -- 4.2.1 In Situ Sensing -- 4.2.2 Remote Sensing -- 4.2.3 Platform Considerations -- 4.3 Remote Sensing -- 4.3.1 Overview -- 4.3.2 Sensor Types -- 4.3.2.1 Spot Sensors -- 4.3.2.2 Imaging Sensors -- 4.3.3 Common Sensors -- 4.3.3.1 Visible Spectrum Cameras and Near-Infrared Cameras -- 4.3.3.2 Long-Wave Infrared Cameras -- 4.3.3.3 Hyperspectral Imagers -- 4.3.3.4 LiDAR -- 4.3.3.5 Synthetic Aperture Radar -- 4.4 Geospatial Data Types -- 4.4.1 Raster Data -- 4.4.2 Vector Data -- 4.5 Image Processing Concepts -- 4.5.1 Structure from Motion -- 4.5.1.1 Point Clouds -- 4.6 Data Management -- 4.6.1 Data Security (Cloud Security) -- 4.6.2 Long-Term Data Storage -- 4.7 Applications -- 4.7.1 Motion Imagery -- 4.7.2 Emergency Response -- 4.7.3 Map (Background) Imagery -- 4.7.4 Infrastructure Inspection -- 4.7.5 Vegetation Health Measurements -- 4.7.5.1 Vegetation Index: An Overview -- 4.7.5.2 UAS in Agriculture-Vegetation Indices -- 4.7.5.3 Thermal Mapping -- 4.7.5.4 Broader Vegetation Management -- 4.7.5.5 Airframes for Vegetation Applications -- 4.8 Conclusions -- Discussion Questions -- Bibliography -- 5 UAS Regulations, Standards, and Guidance -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 U.S. Aviation Regulatory System -- 5.2.1 History of U.S. Aviation Regulations -- 5.2.2 Federal Aviation Administration -- 5.2.3 Enforcement and Sanctions -- 5.3 Current U.S. Regulation of Unmanned Aircraft -- 5.4 How the Process Works -- 5.5 Standards and Guidance versus Regulations -- 5.6 International Aviation Regulations -- 5.7 Other Nations' Domestic Regulatory Efforts -- 5.8 The Way Forward: The Future of Unmanned Aircraft Systems Regulations -- 5.9 Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- 6 Human Factors in Unmanned Aerial Systems -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 The Enormity of the Scope</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">6.3 A Caution Regarding Hindsight Bias -- 6.4 Human Perception and RPA Operations -- 6.5 Attention -- 6.6 Selective Attention -- 6.7 Focused Attention -- 6.8 Divided Attention -- 6.9 Sustained Attention -- 6.10 Human Error -- 6.11 Threat and Error Management -- 6.12 Crew Resource Management -- 6.13 Situation Awareness -- 6.13.1 Vigilance -- 6.13.2 Diagnosis -- 6.13.3 Risk Analysis -- 6.13.4 Action -- 6.14 Human-Machine Interfacing -- 6.15 Compatibility -- 6.16 Compatibility Types -- Recommended Readings -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 7 Safety Assessments -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Hazard Analysis -- 7.2.1 Purpose -- 7.2.2 Preliminary Hazard List -- 7.2.3 Preliminary Hazard Analysis -- 7.2.4 Operational Hazard Review and Analysis -- 7.2.5 Change Analysis -- 7.3 Risk Assessment -- 7.3.1 Purpose -- 7.3.2 Development -- 7.3.3 Use -- 7.4 Safety Evaluation -- 7.4.1 Risk Assessment -- 7.4.2 Flight Test Cards -- 7.4.3 Airworthiness Certification -- 7.5 Accident Investigation Considerations -- 7.5.1 Software and Hardware -- 7.5.2 Human Factors -- 7.5.3 Suggestions -- 7.6 Conclusion and Recommendations -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 8 Export Control and ITAR -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Glossary of Terms for Export Control Understanding -- 8.3 The Sources of Export Controls -- 8.4 What Is Export Control? -- 8.5 Where Do Export Controls Come From? -- 8.5.1 Export Control Reform Act and UAS -- 8.6 Export Administration Regulations -- 8.6.1 Commerce Control List (CCL) -- 8.6.2 Missile Technology Control Regime Annex -- 8.7 International Traffic in Arms Regulation (ITAR) -- Category VIII - Aircraft, Space, and Associated Equipment -- Category XI - Military and Space Electronics -- Category XV - Spacecraft Systems and Associated Equipment Aircraft -- Other USML Categories Also Have the Potential to Include Items Relevant to USML Controls</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">8.8 How Do Export Control Issues Come Up in Real Life? -- 8.9 How to Protect Export-Controlled Products and Information ("Know How")? -- 8.10 What Are Export Control Violations? -- 8.11 How Do We Perform Work Outside of the United States? -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- 9 Unmanned Aircraft System Design -- 9.1 Introduction: Mission Capability-Derived Design -- 9.2 The UAS Design Process -- 9.2.1 Design Tools -- 9.2.2 Design Automation and Optimization -- 9.3 Unmanned Aircraft Subsystems -- 9.3.1 Airframe -- 9.3.2 Propulsion System -- 9.3.3 Flight Control System -- 9.3.4 Control Station -- 9.3.5 Payloads -- 9.3.6 Communications, Command, and Control (C3) -- 9.4 Standards for UAS Design, Construction, and Operations -- 9.5 UAS Design Verification and Mission Validation -- 9.6 Design Characteristics for UAS -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 10 UAS Airframe Design -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 A Few Observations Regarding UAS Design -- 10.2.1 Form Follows Function: The Best Place to Begin the Design Process -- 10.2.2 Economic Influences on the Design Process -- 10.2.3 Exogenous Factors Affecting the Design of UASs -- 10.2.4 Selected Preliminary Comments Relevant to UAS Flight Dynamics and Physics -- 10.3 Airframe Designs -- 10.3.1 Fixed-Wing Designs -- 10.3.1.1 Factors in UAS Tail Designs -- 10.3.1.2 Conventional Wing, Inverted-T-Tail Aircraft -- 10.3.1.3 Conventional Fuselage, Aft Engine Designs -- 10.3.1.4 Twin-Boom, Pusher-Propeller Designs -- 10.3.1.5 Flying Wings -- 10.3.1.6 Canard UASs -- 10.3.2 Rotating-Wing or Rotary-Wing Designs -- 10.3.2.1 Helicopter UAS -- 10.3.2.2 Multirotors -- 10.3.2.3 Other Rotating-Wing UASs -- 10.4 Launch and Recovery Systems -- 10.5 Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 11 UAS Propulsion System Design -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Engine Design -- 11.2.1 Reciprocating Engines</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" 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Kurt</subfield><subfield code="t">Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems</subfield><subfield code="d">Milton : Taylor & Francis Group,c2021</subfield><subfield code="z">9780367366599</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-4-NLEBK</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032844977</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| id | DE-604.BV047442825 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T18:01:24Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:12:16Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781000326789 9781000326864 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032844977 |
| oclc_num | 1239988443 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-83 |
| owner_facet | DE-83 |
| physical | 1 Online-Ressource (525 Seiten) |
| psigel | ZDB-4-NLEBK |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateSearch | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Barnhart, R. Kurt Verfasser aut Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems 3rd ed Milton Taylor & Francis Group 2021 ©2021 1 Online-Ressource (525 Seiten) txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Editors -- Contributors -- 1 History -- 1.1 The Beginning -- 1.2 The Need for Effective Control -- 1.3 The Radio and the Autopilot -- 1.4 The Aerial Torpedo: The First Modern Unmanned Aircraft (March 6, 1918) -- 1.5 The Target Drone -- 1.6 WWII U.S. Navy Assault Drone -- 1.7 WWII German V-1 Buzz Bomb -- 1.8 WWII German Mistletoe -- 1.9 Early Unmanned Reconnaissance Aircraft -- 1.10 Radar Decoys: 1950s-1970s -- 1.11 Long-Range Reconnaissance Unmanned Aircraft Systems: 1960s-1970s -- 1.12 First Helicopter Unmanned Aircraft Systems: 1960s-1970s -- 1.13 The Hunt for Autonomous Operation -- 1.14 The Birth of the Twin Boom Pushers -- 1.15 Desert Storm: 1991 -- 1.16 Overcoming the Manned Pilot Bias -- 1.17 Amateur-Built Unmanned Aircraft -- 1.18 Will Unmanned Aircraft Systems Replace Manned Aircraft? -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- 2 UAS Applications -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Basic Technology -- 2.2.1 Control Methods -- 2.2.1.1 Manual Control -- 2.2.1.2 Stabilized Control -- 2.2.1.3 Automated Control -- 2.3 Payloads -- 2.3.1 Remote Sensing -- 2.3.2 Passive Electro-Optical Sensors -- 2.3.2.1 Electro-Optical Imaging System -- 2.3.2.2 Visible RGB Sensors -- 2.3.2.3 Full-Motion Video Sensors -- 2.3.2.4 IR/NIR/SWIR Sensors -- 2.3.2.5 MWIR/LWIR Sensors -- 2.3.3 Active Sensors -- 2.3.3.1 LiDAR -- 2.3.3.2 Radar and Synthetic Aperture Radar -- 2.4.1 UAS Fleet Management Software -- 2.4 UAS Software for Commercial Applications -- 2.4.2 Autopilot Software -- 2.4.3 Sensor Data Asset Management -- 2.4.4 Analytical Photogrammetry Software -- 2.4.5 Change Detection and Machine Learning -- 2.4.6 Computer Vision -- 2.4.6.1 Autonomous Flight Path Algorithms -- 2.5 Commercial Applications -- 2.5.1 Building and Roof Inspections 2.5.2 Aircraft Inspections -- 2.5.3 Oil, Gas, Power Lines, and Nuclear Power Plants -- 2.5.4 Industrial Inspection -- 2.5.5 Civil Infrastructure -- 2.5.6 Electric Power Industry -- 2.5.7 Wind Turbine Inspection -- 2.5.8 Tower/Antenna Inspection -- 2.5.9 Oil and Gas Inspection -- 2.5.10 Photogrammetric Applications -- 2.5.11 Aerial Mapping -- 2.5.12 Aerial Surveying -- 2.5.13 Volumetrics -- 2.5.14 Precision Agriculture -- 2.5.15 Natural Resource Management -- 2.5.16 Aerial Filming and Photography -- 2.5.17 Filmmaking -- 2.5.18 Real Estate -- 2.5.19 Marketing -- 2.5.20 News Reporting -- 2.5.21 Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance, and Emergency Response -- 2.5.22 Law Enforcement -- 2.5.23 Search and Rescue -- 2.5.24 Signals Intelligence -- 2.5.25 Communications Relay -- 2.5.26 Atmospheric Information Collection -- 2.5.27 Meteorology -- 2.5.28 Hazardous Material Detection -- 2.5.29 Radioactive Material Detection -- 2.5.30 Applications Requiring Physical Interaction with Substances, Materials, or Objects -- 2.5.31 Aerial Chemical Application -- 2.5.32 Water Sampling -- 2.5.33 Small Unmanned Cargo Aircraft Delivery -- 2.5.34 Large Unmanned Cargo Delivery -- 2.6 Additional Considerations -- 2.6.1 Mission Planning -- 2.6.2 Data Processing and Analysis -- 2.7 Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- Note -- References -- 3 The "System" in UAS -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 What Makes Up an Unmanned Aircraft System -- 3.2 UAS/RPA -- 3.2.1 Fixed Wing -- 3.2.2 Vertical Takeoff and Landing -- 3.2.3 Hybrid Platforms -- 3.3 Command and Control Element -- 3.3.1 Autopilot -- 3.3.2 Ground Control Station -- 3.4 Communication Data Link -- 3.4.1 Radio Line-of-Sight -- 3.4.2 Beyond Radio Line-of-Sight -- 3.5 Payload -- 3.5.1 Electro-Optical -- 3.5.2 Thermal Infrared -- 3.5.3 Spectral -- 3.5.4 Laser -- 3.6 Launch and Recovery -- 3.7 Human Element -- Discussion Questions 4 UAS Sensing - Theory and Practice -- 4.1 Why We Fly -- 4.2 Introduction to Sensing -- 4.2.1 In Situ Sensing -- 4.2.2 Remote Sensing -- 4.2.3 Platform Considerations -- 4.3 Remote Sensing -- 4.3.1 Overview -- 4.3.2 Sensor Types -- 4.3.2.1 Spot Sensors -- 4.3.2.2 Imaging Sensors -- 4.3.3 Common Sensors -- 4.3.3.1 Visible Spectrum Cameras and Near-Infrared Cameras -- 4.3.3.2 Long-Wave Infrared Cameras -- 4.3.3.3 Hyperspectral Imagers -- 4.3.3.4 LiDAR -- 4.3.3.5 Synthetic Aperture Radar -- 4.4 Geospatial Data Types -- 4.4.1 Raster Data -- 4.4.2 Vector Data -- 4.5 Image Processing Concepts -- 4.5.1 Structure from Motion -- 4.5.1.1 Point Clouds -- 4.6 Data Management -- 4.6.1 Data Security (Cloud Security) -- 4.6.2 Long-Term Data Storage -- 4.7 Applications -- 4.7.1 Motion Imagery -- 4.7.2 Emergency Response -- 4.7.3 Map (Background) Imagery -- 4.7.4 Infrastructure Inspection -- 4.7.5 Vegetation Health Measurements -- 4.7.5.1 Vegetation Index: An Overview -- 4.7.5.2 UAS in Agriculture-Vegetation Indices -- 4.7.5.3 Thermal Mapping -- 4.7.5.4 Broader Vegetation Management -- 4.7.5.5 Airframes for Vegetation Applications -- 4.8 Conclusions -- Discussion Questions -- Bibliography -- 5 UAS Regulations, Standards, and Guidance -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 U.S. Aviation Regulatory System -- 5.2.1 History of U.S. Aviation Regulations -- 5.2.2 Federal Aviation Administration -- 5.2.3 Enforcement and Sanctions -- 5.3 Current U.S. Regulation of Unmanned Aircraft -- 5.4 How the Process Works -- 5.5 Standards and Guidance versus Regulations -- 5.6 International Aviation Regulations -- 5.7 Other Nations' Domestic Regulatory Efforts -- 5.8 The Way Forward: The Future of Unmanned Aircraft Systems Regulations -- 5.9 Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- 6 Human Factors in Unmanned Aerial Systems -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 The Enormity of the Scope 6.3 A Caution Regarding Hindsight Bias -- 6.4 Human Perception and RPA Operations -- 6.5 Attention -- 6.6 Selective Attention -- 6.7 Focused Attention -- 6.8 Divided Attention -- 6.9 Sustained Attention -- 6.10 Human Error -- 6.11 Threat and Error Management -- 6.12 Crew Resource Management -- 6.13 Situation Awareness -- 6.13.1 Vigilance -- 6.13.2 Diagnosis -- 6.13.3 Risk Analysis -- 6.13.4 Action -- 6.14 Human-Machine Interfacing -- 6.15 Compatibility -- 6.16 Compatibility Types -- Recommended Readings -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 7 Safety Assessments -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Hazard Analysis -- 7.2.1 Purpose -- 7.2.2 Preliminary Hazard List -- 7.2.3 Preliminary Hazard Analysis -- 7.2.4 Operational Hazard Review and Analysis -- 7.2.5 Change Analysis -- 7.3 Risk Assessment -- 7.3.1 Purpose -- 7.3.2 Development -- 7.3.3 Use -- 7.4 Safety Evaluation -- 7.4.1 Risk Assessment -- 7.4.2 Flight Test Cards -- 7.4.3 Airworthiness Certification -- 7.5 Accident Investigation Considerations -- 7.5.1 Software and Hardware -- 7.5.2 Human Factors -- 7.5.3 Suggestions -- 7.6 Conclusion and Recommendations -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 8 Export Control and ITAR -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Glossary of Terms for Export Control Understanding -- 8.3 The Sources of Export Controls -- 8.4 What Is Export Control? -- 8.5 Where Do Export Controls Come From? -- 8.5.1 Export Control Reform Act and UAS -- 8.6 Export Administration Regulations -- 8.6.1 Commerce Control List (CCL) -- 8.6.2 Missile Technology Control Regime Annex -- 8.7 International Traffic in Arms Regulation (ITAR) -- Category VIII - Aircraft, Space, and Associated Equipment -- Category XI - Military and Space Electronics -- Category XV - Spacecraft Systems and Associated Equipment Aircraft -- Other USML Categories Also Have the Potential to Include Items Relevant to USML Controls 8.8 How Do Export Control Issues Come Up in Real Life? -- 8.9 How to Protect Export-Controlled Products and Information ("Know How")? -- 8.10 What Are Export Control Violations? -- 8.11 How Do We Perform Work Outside of the United States? -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- 9 Unmanned Aircraft System Design -- 9.1 Introduction: Mission Capability-Derived Design -- 9.2 The UAS Design Process -- 9.2.1 Design Tools -- 9.2.2 Design Automation and Optimization -- 9.3 Unmanned Aircraft Subsystems -- 9.3.1 Airframe -- 9.3.2 Propulsion System -- 9.3.3 Flight Control System -- 9.3.4 Control Station -- 9.3.5 Payloads -- 9.3.6 Communications, Command, and Control (C3) -- 9.4 Standards for UAS Design, Construction, and Operations -- 9.5 UAS Design Verification and Mission Validation -- 9.6 Design Characteristics for UAS -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 10 UAS Airframe Design -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 A Few Observations Regarding UAS Design -- 10.2.1 Form Follows Function: The Best Place to Begin the Design Process -- 10.2.2 Economic Influences on the Design Process -- 10.2.3 Exogenous Factors Affecting the Design of UASs -- 10.2.4 Selected Preliminary Comments Relevant to UAS Flight Dynamics and Physics -- 10.3 Airframe Designs -- 10.3.1 Fixed-Wing Designs -- 10.3.1.1 Factors in UAS Tail Designs -- 10.3.1.2 Conventional Wing, Inverted-T-Tail Aircraft -- 10.3.1.3 Conventional Fuselage, Aft Engine Designs -- 10.3.1.4 Twin-Boom, Pusher-Propeller Designs -- 10.3.1.5 Flying Wings -- 10.3.1.6 Canard UASs -- 10.3.2 Rotating-Wing or Rotary-Wing Designs -- 10.3.2.1 Helicopter UAS -- 10.3.2.2 Multirotors -- 10.3.2.3 Other Rotating-Wing UASs -- 10.4 Launch and Recovery Systems -- 10.5 Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 11 UAS Propulsion System Design -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Engine Design -- 11.2.1 Reciprocating Engines 11.2.1.1 Four-Cycle Engines Steuerung (DE-588)4057472-6 gnd rswk-swf Flugregelung (DE-588)4328094-8 gnd rswk-swf Drohne Flugkörper (DE-588)4332556-7 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Drohne Flugkörper (DE-588)4332556-7 s Steuerung (DE-588)4057472-6 s DE-604 Flugregelung (DE-588)4328094-8 s Marshall, Douglas M. Sonstige oth Shappee, Eric Sonstige oth Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Barnhart, R. Kurt Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems Milton : Taylor & Francis Group,c2021 9780367366599 |
| spellingShingle | Barnhart, R. Kurt Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Editors -- Contributors -- 1 History -- 1.1 The Beginning -- 1.2 The Need for Effective Control -- 1.3 The Radio and the Autopilot -- 1.4 The Aerial Torpedo: The First Modern Unmanned Aircraft (March 6, 1918) -- 1.5 The Target Drone -- 1.6 WWII U.S. Navy Assault Drone -- 1.7 WWII German V-1 Buzz Bomb -- 1.8 WWII German Mistletoe -- 1.9 Early Unmanned Reconnaissance Aircraft -- 1.10 Radar Decoys: 1950s-1970s -- 1.11 Long-Range Reconnaissance Unmanned Aircraft Systems: 1960s-1970s -- 1.12 First Helicopter Unmanned Aircraft Systems: 1960s-1970s -- 1.13 The Hunt for Autonomous Operation -- 1.14 The Birth of the Twin Boom Pushers -- 1.15 Desert Storm: 1991 -- 1.16 Overcoming the Manned Pilot Bias -- 1.17 Amateur-Built Unmanned Aircraft -- 1.18 Will Unmanned Aircraft Systems Replace Manned Aircraft? -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- 2 UAS Applications -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Basic Technology -- 2.2.1 Control Methods -- 2.2.1.1 Manual Control -- 2.2.1.2 Stabilized Control -- 2.2.1.3 Automated Control -- 2.3 Payloads -- 2.3.1 Remote Sensing -- 2.3.2 Passive Electro-Optical Sensors -- 2.3.2.1 Electro-Optical Imaging System -- 2.3.2.2 Visible RGB Sensors -- 2.3.2.3 Full-Motion Video Sensors -- 2.3.2.4 IR/NIR/SWIR Sensors -- 2.3.2.5 MWIR/LWIR Sensors -- 2.3.3 Active Sensors -- 2.3.3.1 LiDAR -- 2.3.3.2 Radar and Synthetic Aperture Radar -- 2.4.1 UAS Fleet Management Software -- 2.4 UAS Software for Commercial Applications -- 2.4.2 Autopilot Software -- 2.4.3 Sensor Data Asset Management -- 2.4.4 Analytical Photogrammetry Software -- 2.4.5 Change Detection and Machine Learning -- 2.4.6 Computer Vision -- 2.4.6.1 Autonomous Flight Path Algorithms -- 2.5 Commercial Applications -- 2.5.1 Building and Roof Inspections 2.5.2 Aircraft Inspections -- 2.5.3 Oil, Gas, Power Lines, and Nuclear Power Plants -- 2.5.4 Industrial Inspection -- 2.5.5 Civil Infrastructure -- 2.5.6 Electric Power Industry -- 2.5.7 Wind Turbine Inspection -- 2.5.8 Tower/Antenna Inspection -- 2.5.9 Oil and Gas Inspection -- 2.5.10 Photogrammetric Applications -- 2.5.11 Aerial Mapping -- 2.5.12 Aerial Surveying -- 2.5.13 Volumetrics -- 2.5.14 Precision Agriculture -- 2.5.15 Natural Resource Management -- 2.5.16 Aerial Filming and Photography -- 2.5.17 Filmmaking -- 2.5.18 Real Estate -- 2.5.19 Marketing -- 2.5.20 News Reporting -- 2.5.21 Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance, and Emergency Response -- 2.5.22 Law Enforcement -- 2.5.23 Search and Rescue -- 2.5.24 Signals Intelligence -- 2.5.25 Communications Relay -- 2.5.26 Atmospheric Information Collection -- 2.5.27 Meteorology -- 2.5.28 Hazardous Material Detection -- 2.5.29 Radioactive Material Detection -- 2.5.30 Applications Requiring Physical Interaction with Substances, Materials, or Objects -- 2.5.31 Aerial Chemical Application -- 2.5.32 Water Sampling -- 2.5.33 Small Unmanned Cargo Aircraft Delivery -- 2.5.34 Large Unmanned Cargo Delivery -- 2.6 Additional Considerations -- 2.6.1 Mission Planning -- 2.6.2 Data Processing and Analysis -- 2.7 Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- Note -- References -- 3 The "System" in UAS -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 What Makes Up an Unmanned Aircraft System -- 3.2 UAS/RPA -- 3.2.1 Fixed Wing -- 3.2.2 Vertical Takeoff and Landing -- 3.2.3 Hybrid Platforms -- 3.3 Command and Control Element -- 3.3.1 Autopilot -- 3.3.2 Ground Control Station -- 3.4 Communication Data Link -- 3.4.1 Radio Line-of-Sight -- 3.4.2 Beyond Radio Line-of-Sight -- 3.5 Payload -- 3.5.1 Electro-Optical -- 3.5.2 Thermal Infrared -- 3.5.3 Spectral -- 3.5.4 Laser -- 3.6 Launch and Recovery -- 3.7 Human Element -- Discussion Questions 4 UAS Sensing - Theory and Practice -- 4.1 Why We Fly -- 4.2 Introduction to Sensing -- 4.2.1 In Situ Sensing -- 4.2.2 Remote Sensing -- 4.2.3 Platform Considerations -- 4.3 Remote Sensing -- 4.3.1 Overview -- 4.3.2 Sensor Types -- 4.3.2.1 Spot Sensors -- 4.3.2.2 Imaging Sensors -- 4.3.3 Common Sensors -- 4.3.3.1 Visible Spectrum Cameras and Near-Infrared Cameras -- 4.3.3.2 Long-Wave Infrared Cameras -- 4.3.3.3 Hyperspectral Imagers -- 4.3.3.4 LiDAR -- 4.3.3.5 Synthetic Aperture Radar -- 4.4 Geospatial Data Types -- 4.4.1 Raster Data -- 4.4.2 Vector Data -- 4.5 Image Processing Concepts -- 4.5.1 Structure from Motion -- 4.5.1.1 Point Clouds -- 4.6 Data Management -- 4.6.1 Data Security (Cloud Security) -- 4.6.2 Long-Term Data Storage -- 4.7 Applications -- 4.7.1 Motion Imagery -- 4.7.2 Emergency Response -- 4.7.3 Map (Background) Imagery -- 4.7.4 Infrastructure Inspection -- 4.7.5 Vegetation Health Measurements -- 4.7.5.1 Vegetation Index: An Overview -- 4.7.5.2 UAS in Agriculture-Vegetation Indices -- 4.7.5.3 Thermal Mapping -- 4.7.5.4 Broader Vegetation Management -- 4.7.5.5 Airframes for Vegetation Applications -- 4.8 Conclusions -- Discussion Questions -- Bibliography -- 5 UAS Regulations, Standards, and Guidance -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 U.S. Aviation Regulatory System -- 5.2.1 History of U.S. Aviation Regulations -- 5.2.2 Federal Aviation Administration -- 5.2.3 Enforcement and Sanctions -- 5.3 Current U.S. Regulation of Unmanned Aircraft -- 5.4 How the Process Works -- 5.5 Standards and Guidance versus Regulations -- 5.6 International Aviation Regulations -- 5.7 Other Nations' Domestic Regulatory Efforts -- 5.8 The Way Forward: The Future of Unmanned Aircraft Systems Regulations -- 5.9 Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- 6 Human Factors in Unmanned Aerial Systems -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 The Enormity of the Scope 6.3 A Caution Regarding Hindsight Bias -- 6.4 Human Perception and RPA Operations -- 6.5 Attention -- 6.6 Selective Attention -- 6.7 Focused Attention -- 6.8 Divided Attention -- 6.9 Sustained Attention -- 6.10 Human Error -- 6.11 Threat and Error Management -- 6.12 Crew Resource Management -- 6.13 Situation Awareness -- 6.13.1 Vigilance -- 6.13.2 Diagnosis -- 6.13.3 Risk Analysis -- 6.13.4 Action -- 6.14 Human-Machine Interfacing -- 6.15 Compatibility -- 6.16 Compatibility Types -- Recommended Readings -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 7 Safety Assessments -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Hazard Analysis -- 7.2.1 Purpose -- 7.2.2 Preliminary Hazard List -- 7.2.3 Preliminary Hazard Analysis -- 7.2.4 Operational Hazard Review and Analysis -- 7.2.5 Change Analysis -- 7.3 Risk Assessment -- 7.3.1 Purpose -- 7.3.2 Development -- 7.3.3 Use -- 7.4 Safety Evaluation -- 7.4.1 Risk Assessment -- 7.4.2 Flight Test Cards -- 7.4.3 Airworthiness Certification -- 7.5 Accident Investigation Considerations -- 7.5.1 Software and Hardware -- 7.5.2 Human Factors -- 7.5.3 Suggestions -- 7.6 Conclusion and Recommendations -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 8 Export Control and ITAR -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Glossary of Terms for Export Control Understanding -- 8.3 The Sources of Export Controls -- 8.4 What Is Export Control? -- 8.5 Where Do Export Controls Come From? -- 8.5.1 Export Control Reform Act and UAS -- 8.6 Export Administration Regulations -- 8.6.1 Commerce Control List (CCL) -- 8.6.2 Missile Technology Control Regime Annex -- 8.7 International Traffic in Arms Regulation (ITAR) -- Category VIII - Aircraft, Space, and Associated Equipment -- Category XI - Military and Space Electronics -- Category XV - Spacecraft Systems and Associated Equipment Aircraft -- Other USML Categories Also Have the Potential to Include Items Relevant to USML Controls 8.8 How Do Export Control Issues Come Up in Real Life? -- 8.9 How to Protect Export-Controlled Products and Information ("Know How")? -- 8.10 What Are Export Control Violations? -- 8.11 How Do We Perform Work Outside of the United States? -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- 9 Unmanned Aircraft System Design -- 9.1 Introduction: Mission Capability-Derived Design -- 9.2 The UAS Design Process -- 9.2.1 Design Tools -- 9.2.2 Design Automation and Optimization -- 9.3 Unmanned Aircraft Subsystems -- 9.3.1 Airframe -- 9.3.2 Propulsion System -- 9.3.3 Flight Control System -- 9.3.4 Control Station -- 9.3.5 Payloads -- 9.3.6 Communications, Command, and Control (C3) -- 9.4 Standards for UAS Design, Construction, and Operations -- 9.5 UAS Design Verification and Mission Validation -- 9.6 Design Characteristics for UAS -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 10 UAS Airframe Design -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 A Few Observations Regarding UAS Design -- 10.2.1 Form Follows Function: The Best Place to Begin the Design Process -- 10.2.2 Economic Influences on the Design Process -- 10.2.3 Exogenous Factors Affecting the Design of UASs -- 10.2.4 Selected Preliminary Comments Relevant to UAS Flight Dynamics and Physics -- 10.3 Airframe Designs -- 10.3.1 Fixed-Wing Designs -- 10.3.1.1 Factors in UAS Tail Designs -- 10.3.1.2 Conventional Wing, Inverted-T-Tail Aircraft -- 10.3.1.3 Conventional Fuselage, Aft Engine Designs -- 10.3.1.4 Twin-Boom, Pusher-Propeller Designs -- 10.3.1.5 Flying Wings -- 10.3.1.6 Canard UASs -- 10.3.2 Rotating-Wing or Rotary-Wing Designs -- 10.3.2.1 Helicopter UAS -- 10.3.2.2 Multirotors -- 10.3.2.3 Other Rotating-Wing UASs -- 10.4 Launch and Recovery Systems -- 10.5 Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 11 UAS Propulsion System Design -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Engine Design -- 11.2.1 Reciprocating Engines 11.2.1.1 Four-Cycle Engines Steuerung (DE-588)4057472-6 gnd Flugregelung (DE-588)4328094-8 gnd Drohne Flugkörper (DE-588)4332556-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4057472-6 (DE-588)4328094-8 (DE-588)4332556-7 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems |
| title_auth | Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems |
| title_exact_search | Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems |
| title_full | Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems |
| title_fullStr | Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems |
| title_short | Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems |
| title_sort | introduction to unmanned aircraft systems |
| topic | Steuerung (DE-588)4057472-6 gnd Flugregelung (DE-588)4328094-8 gnd Drohne Flugkörper (DE-588)4332556-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Steuerung Flugregelung Drohne Flugkörper Aufsatzsammlung |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT barnhartrkurt introductiontounmannedaircraftsystems AT marshalldouglasm introductiontounmannedaircraftsystems AT shappeeeric introductiontounmannedaircraftsystems |