Metafizika i postmetafizičeskoe myšlenie:
Метафизика и постметафизическое мышление
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Schriftenreihe: | Filosofskie technologii: sovremennaja filosofija
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | Содержание A.M. Рогинский. Вступительное слово : метафизика и кризис ОСНОВОПОНЯТИЙ.............. . . V і. . . .........................7 Общие вопросы , А.Б. Паткуль. Какую метафизику преодолевает постметафизическое мышление?...........................17 A. Н. Фатенков. О претензиях к метафизике -
оправданных и неоправданных.................................................. 28 Н.А. Блохина. Метафизическая аналитическая онтология в системе аналитического знания ...........՛·... 48 С.М. Малкина. Метафизика, антиметафизическое и постметафизическое мышление ć точки зрения онтологии
власти......................................53 М.Ю. Савельева. Мифологические аспекты постметафизиче ского мышления .............. 66 B. А. Яковлев. Метафизика в философии и науке............... 78 Н.Ю. Игнатова. О метафизических компонентах научных картин
мира.........................................................89 А. И. Мусс. Вопрос о статусе метафизики на примере психофизической проблемы..................................... 100 A. А. Санженаков. Влияние «старой» и «новой» метафизики на
этику.............................................................109 Д.Б. Матвеев. Кризис метафизики и основания теологии .... 120 Персоналии М. Т. Рюмина. Онтологическая проблема в трансценденталь ной философии И. Канта..................................... 135 B. Т. Фаритов. Кризис европейской
метафизики в зеркале русской религиозной философии (В. С. Соловьев и С. Н. Булгаков)......................... 150
6 Содержание И.И. Блауберг. Бергсон о принципах реформы метафизики. ;. 164 B. П. Визгин. Метафизика Габриэля Марселя: герменевтиче ский этюд.................................................................177 К. В. Ануфриева. Рефдексивно-метафизическиеоснования исторического познания: Л.О. Минк и Р.Дж. Коллингвуд...........................................200 C. А. Іашков. Неореалистические тенденции во французском постструктурализме и «преодоление метафизики»........ ........ .... і.................... 2І9 Б.Л. Губман. П. Рикёр: «Метафизика конечности» и критическая философия истории............. 230 А.М. Свердликов. Космологическая критика метафизики ..... 245 И.В, Болотов. Пути Хайдеггера: от экзистенциальной аналитики к оказыванию (die Sagen) бытия .... 258 А. С. Никулина. Понятие метафизики у М Хайдеггера: мышление, как действие,....... .................. 269 Д.К. МяоговіМир и судьба метафизики: М. Габриэль и его критика понятия «мир» ....................... 278 Сведения об авторах*..................---------------------------- 289 Abstracts і·;’..·....... ; . ..... .... ... ....... .і. ..,,..... ..........v՛ 292
Abstracts Alexey M. Gaginsky Metaphysics and the Crisis of Basic Concepts Institute of Philosophy, Moscow,5 Russian Academy of Scienc es. 12/1 Goncharnaya Տէր., Moscow, 109^40, Russian Federation; e-mail: algaginsky@gmail.com 1 1 ; Thé article deals with the crisis of basić cöiïcepts of metaphys ics. The basic theoretical concepts were formed in both ancient philosophy and modern science; they came into Some contradic tion with each other: The author shows that thé classical meta physical concepts have lost their clarity, and therefore modern sci ence seeks to replace them with new ones. Howevep the problem remains, as the new concepts function in one context, but they are practically useless in another. : Keywords: metaphysics, basic concepts, post-metaphysical, theoretical concepts, experimental Concepts. Andrei B. Pătimi і ՝ What Kind of Metaphysics Does Post-Metaphysical Think ing Overcome? 1 ՛· ՛ Institute of Philosophy, Sairtt Petersburg Státe University. 7/9 Universitetskaya emb., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federa tion; e-mail: a.patkul@spbu.ru In my article, I raise the question of what can serve as the basis for the unity of the concept of metaphysics, which is overcome by the so-called post-metaphysical philosophy. I outline here that it is impossible to find such a basis only at the descriptive level. In order to find a starting point for finding such a foundation, I attempted to reconstruct the four types of understanding of metaphysics and ways to overcome it, which are highlighted by Alain Badiou. These include: (1) dogmatic metaphysics and
its critical trial, (2) the ex haustion of the historical and political virtues of metaphysics and its
Abstracts 29В overcoming by positivism, (В) metaphysical immobiļism and eternityism, and their overcoming by dialectical method, and, finally, (4) metaphysics as a nihilistic disposition of the history of the West as a whole and its overcoming by being-historical thinking. I show also that historically all these types of understanding of metaphysics can be reduced to metaphysics in the sense of dogmatic knowledge of what exists in itself. But a more important circumstance is rec ognized that any metaphysics is ambiguously predetermined by the event of the advancing of an ontological principle, which is accom panied by the event of hiding the, instance that legitimizes what is caused by this principle. Therefore, all post-metaphysical thinking is already metaphysical thinking, and this is due to the revealing and concealing nature of metaphysica naturalis, which necessarily belongs to a human being. Keywords: metaphysics, ontology, post-metąphysical think ing, positivism. Platonism, metaphysica naturalis. Aleksey N. Fatenkav On Claims to Metaphysics — Justified and Unjustified Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod. 23 Gagarin Ave., Nizhni Novgorod, §03950, Russian Federation; Privolzhskiy Research Medical University. 10/1 Minin Sq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russian Federation; e-mail: fatenkov@fsn.unn.ru The text is devoted to clarification of metaphysics’ subject and its ability to conceptualize the world while not reducing it to abstract principles and not diminishing a figure of human. The question of conceptually strong metaphysics turns out to be ques
tions of nature and status of dialectical metaphysics, existential metaphysics and existential dialectics. In this regard the author relies on positive non-classical dialectics in which the one is ontologically both bigger and smaller than the multiform, hierarchy is more real and valuable than identity. In contrast to dualistic inten tions a position of existentially tested monism is being defended: I am one on one with the world — and, if only for an instant, I and the world are oņe. Human freedom in the format of existential ism-oriented metaphysics is being related to danger which is an at tribute of life. In the author’s version that combines philosophical lines qf rationalism and irrationalism freedom is interpreted as an ultimate risk with an ultimate fearlessness of being mistaken.
294 Abstracts Keywords։ metaphysics, dialectical metaphysics, existential metaphysics, existential diäieetics, freedom, risk, dánger, anxiety, fear, fearlessness Ňátalia A. Blokhina ; Metaphysical Analytical Ontology in the System of Analyti cal Knowledge Yesenin Ryazan State University. 46 Bronnay Str., Ryazan, 89000, Russian Federation; e-mail: n.blokhmà_77@mail.ru Now we have no thé established view on analytical philosophy (AP) if it is ah authentic ánd integral current in the western phil osophical thought. The author of this paper proposes the formu ládon of two principles that may consider AP a self-sustained and consolidated philosophical tradition. They are (1) the principle of onto-methodological syncretism and (2) the principle of inte gral (synoptic) image of a man and the world. Metaphysical ana lytic ontology is only one kind of analytic ontology among others -naturalistic, lingvogenetic, etc. The MAO distinctive featüre is its openness to possible states of the World arid to possible states of affairs. Two main forms of MAO — mànifest and unmahifest, and the branches of both of them are anatomized in the article as well. Keywords։ analytical philosophy, metaphysical analytical on tology, onto-methodological syncretism, integrál (synoptic) image of a man and the world Svetlana M. Mälkiná ՛“’ Metaphysics, Anti-metaphysical and Post-metaphysical Thinking in Terms of the Ontology of Power Saratov State University. 83 Astťafchánskayá, Sáratóv, Russian Federation ,410012; e-mail:’ malkinasm@gmail.com Over the past two centuries, we have witnessed the
sustainabil ity df the philosophical discourse of criticism of metaphysics and the demands of overcoming it.! Both metaphysics ánd its criticism Can be considered from the point Of view of the ontology of pow er. Metaphysics as the science of the first principles is a definite systenyof Ontological power: the eXistirig as the being is considered äs the basis for any possible finite being, the reason rules over the effect, the goal Overithe action. Proceeding from this, metaphysics extends its power even beyond the limitó Of ontological discourse,
Abstracts 295 setting tlie structure of spļeaķijig, claims to organize a disposition of the forces of correlations with existing things. The author separates anti-metaphysical and post-metaphysical discourses. Anti-meta physical discourse fights against metaphysical discourse through a demonstration of the meaninglessness or insufficiency of the meta physical way of understanding philosophical problems. However, this transforms the anti-metaphysical discourse into super-meta physics. Post-metaphysical thinking does not seek to establish the will to power of a philosophizing subject by replacing the “meaning lessness”, of metaphysiçş with one or another philosophical “mean ing”, but transforms the entire field of philosophy in such away that the will to power iş, taken in the form of simultaneous differentia tion and synthesis of the correlation of forces. In post-metaphysical thinking takes place not so much the overcoming of metaphysics, as the system, of hierarchical relations, the ontology of power, which underlies philosophical thinking, is being revised. Keywords: ontology of power, post-metaphysical thinking, metaphysics, overcoming of metaphysics, deconstruction Sergey A. Gąshkov Neorealistic Trends in the French Poststructuralism and “Overcoming Metaphysics”. The Baltic State Technical University “Voenmekh”, named af ter Ustinov. 7, 1st Krasnoarmeyskaya Street, St.— Petersburg, Rus sian Federation, 196005; e-mail sgachkov@hotmail.com The author aimed to compare M. Foucault’s and C, Castoriadis’s thoughts in the order to valorize their contributions in the
philosophy of history. So, his tasks were to analyze the works of both philosophers, to compare their methods in the light of the “post-metaphysical thought”. The author used tfie hermeneuti cal and dialogical inter-textual methods. As result of his research he discovered two respective “neorealistic trends”, called by him “onomographical” (Foucault) and “nomothetical” (Castoriadis). They can be called “neorealistic trends” in the sense, that they try to overcome metaphysics towards historical reality, understood respectively as the Other (Foucault) or the Social-Historical (Castoriadis). The other result consists in trying to understand the specifics of the discontinuity of the philosophical works of both thinkers. The general conclusion to which the author ar-
296 Abstfàcts rives is the necessity to také aècòimt in the history of philosophy of stich phenomena as discontinuity andovercoriiing. Marina V. Savelieva Mythological Aspects of Postmetaphysical Thinking Centre for Humanitarian Education, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. 4 Tijohsvjatitelskaja տէր.,’Kiev, Ukraine, 01001; email: mars6464@gmaii.corn The article deals with the phenomenon of the post-metaphysi cal status öf philosophical thinking in relation to classical metaphys ics, as well as post-modern thinking in general. It is shown thè myth ological dature of pofet-mėtaphysicš: thé substitution of metaphysi cal meanings of cross cutting worldview concepts with objective or pseudo-objective concepts; substitution of the theoretical form of thinking (idea) with applied content; replacing the essential nov elty of knowledge with the novelty of its justification Ör the novelty of its relation to if iri the process of forming new goals. It is proved that post-metaphysics is not an independent period in the develop ment of the methodology of cognition, but a way of relating to the earlier stages of metaphysics and dialectics. The causal relationship of post-metaphysics with the process of the formation of globalist thinking is revealed, the influence of globalism on piòst-metaphysics is shown. The tendency of embedding philosophy in the context of mass culture and the emergence of pöst-philosophy as a manifes tation of the post-metaphýsicaľ methodology is substantiated. Keywords: metaphysics, post-metaphysics, myth, conscious ness, thinking, post-phiiôsôphÿ,
society, rationality Vladimir A. Yakovlev Metaphysics in Philosophy and Science 1 Lomonosov Moscow State University. GŚP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation; e-mail: goföda460@yandex.ru ՛՛■՛՝· . ՛ ; On the basis of philosophical traditions of interpretation of category of being and various interpretations öf this abstract con cept öf moderrt natural sciences the new understanding of catego ry of being as a basic métáphysifcaÍ concept of science is offered. The statement that the dategory of being in modern interpréta tion expresses being of information, dr the informational being
297 Abstracts presented in unity of three spheres of reality — niatter, live and consciousness (reason) is proved. v , Keywords: metaphysics, ontology, science, being, anything, information, program, paradigm, creatives, synergetic. Nina Y. Ignatova . . About Metaphysical Components of Scientific Pictures of the World Ural Federal University named after, B.N. Yeltsin, NTI (branch). 59 Krasnogvardeiskaya, Nizhny Tagil, Russian Federation, 622000; e-mail: ninal 316@yandex.ru . This article describes the problem of metaphysical components of scientific pictures of the world, which can be analyzed, both from the point of view of tlļq.ļ)istoryşf science, and from the point of view of the relationship between metaphysics and science. The author builds the conceptual framework of the possible relationship between metaphysics and science in the form of questions: can metaphysics exist as reliabil ity credible knowledge, and if such an influence is even possible, do metaphysics and empirical science influence each other. The answer to the first question allows us to indicate anti-metaphysical scientism; the answer to the second question allows us to indicate either the complete independence of science and metaphysics, or the priority of metaphysics over science (Ąristotelian-medieval picture of the world) or the priority of science oyer metaphysics (modern picture of the world). Metaphysics is intended to be something more than just a set of tools that are used to adapt to the consequences of the development of science. We illustrate this last point by discussing some metaphysical
principles (heterogene ity, homogeneity, plenism, vacuişm) iņ the context of various pictures of the world. Due to the large volume and breadth of the topic, the article is selective in the use of material. Keywords: Aristotelian-medieval picture of the world, Carte sian picture of the world, Newtonian picture of the world, mod ern picture of the world, scientific community, relationship be tween science and metaphysics Anton M. Sverdlikov Cosmolpgical Criticism of Metaphysics The Bęrgische Universität Wuppertal. 20 Gaußstraße, Wup pertal, Germany, 42119; e-mail: anton.sverdlikov@gmail.com
298 Abstracts In this paper I examine project of the cosmological critics of metaphysics, which is based on the later philosophy of M. Heide gger and which was especially developed in the works of E. Fink and R. Brandner. I analyze the main points of the critique of meta physics in Heidegger and Fink. I claim that the very formulation of the problem of metaphysics in Heidegger Käs an implicit cos mological dimension. Finally, I demonstrate thè affinity between cosmological problematics of Heidegger-Fink-Brandner and the Keywords: Heidegger; Fink; Hegel; Schelliflg; ontotheology; metaphysics; cosmology; world; absolute idealism; Natrirphildsophie, Alexander I. Muss The Question of the Status of Metaphysics as an Example of a Psychophysical Problém ;1 ՛ ^ St. Petersburg State University. 7-9 Universitetskäya emb., Śt. Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation; e-mail: albertwanderer@gmail.com · · ՝ ՛ ·” ľ···1՛ This article presents the author’s ideas in the context of solv ing orte of the problems posed at the conference “Metaphysics and Post-Metaphysical Thinking”. This problem is the problem of thè place arid significance of philosophy and metaphysics in the modern world, which could be understood as the world of the pťeVálence of «scientific ontòlogy». Гjustify the status of philos ophy and metaphysics in the modern world, rising the classical works by Aristotle and Kant, as well as Alain Badiou’s theory of the four truth procedures. Therè is one opportunity to apply such an apprbach — the mind-body problém, which could not be solved by the existing tools of science
and philbsophy. Keywords: Metaphysics, Philosophy of Science, Archeology of Knowledge, Mind-body Problem, Scientific Ontology, Truth Pro cédures ■՝ ■ ’ ■ ■ ՛՛՛■·՛ Alexander A. Sanzhmakov ՛ ՝■ The Influence of the “Old” and “New” Metaphysics on Ethics Institute of Philosophy and Law, Siberian Brahch, Russian Academy of Sciences. 8 Nikolaev Str., 630090, Novosibirsk, Rus sian Federation;e-mail: sanzheriakov@gmail.com
Abstracts 299 . The article is devoted to the identification and explication of the metaphysical foundations of ethical discourse of the past and present. Previously, in Western philosophy, the relationship be tween moral philosophy and metaphysics was quite transparent. It consisted in the fact that metaphysics as the first philosophy was the most important discipline in which philpsophers developed a number of assumptions regarding the first causes and the be ginning of everything, and ethics as a reflection on actual moral practice used the achievements of metaphysics to set the appro priate horizon for the practical goals of , the moral agent. Now this attitude.is not so clear;. Metaphysical and practical turns, the emergence of metaethics, and the secularization of philosophical discourse, should be mentioned here ąs determining factors. All these factors made the search for the metaphysical foundations of ethics, if npt impossible, then extremely difficult. Despite this, the author of the article believes that it is necessary to undertake research in this direction. This belief stems from the effectiveness of the traditional scheme of the relationship between ethics and metaphysics, observed throughout classical philosophy, as well as from the doubtfulness of the attempts made by modern moral philosophy to build new knowledge outside metaphysics. Keywords: metaphysics, ethics, old metaphysics, new meta physics, postmetaphysics. vDmitry B. MaĮveyęv The Crisis of Metaphysics and the Foundations of Theology All-Russian Institute for Scientific and Technical
Information (VINTTI), Russian Academy of Sciences. 20 Usiyevicha Տէր., Mos cow, Russian Federation, 125100; e-mail: dmatveev@yantlex.ru The article discusses some aspects of the reaction of modern theologians (XIX and XX centuries) to the,crisis of metaphysics and dogmatic thinking. In accordance with how Kant reflected this crisis in his theory of knowledge, statements in the metaphys ical field do not explicitly express any knowledge, since they are out of the “horizon of possible experience”. The approaches of part of Christian theologians who adopted Kantian epistemol ogy may be called theology of modern era. This “theology after Kant” is an enterprise of search for other foundations of theology than the metaphysical ones that were developed in the «suberk-
300 Abstracts leal» periód of the existence df Christianity (biblical· narrative, dogma of the Councils, etc. as the basis of the doctrine). Howev er, criticisni of metaphysics from the position of agreement with Kaňtián cognitive philosophy carries thé risk öf devaluing the entire pre-modern՛ («precriticai») theological tradition. A serious attempt to build ä theological system Without breaking With both the said tradition and critical thinking belongs to Paul Tillich. Ac cording to his approach, the meaning óf religion as “ultimate con cern” about being is robted in “structures of being given to every one who exists” and, accordingly,· is expressible in Concepts that arė potentially close to évéŕyoné (“onťólogy” in Tillich’s terms). Ontology as art universally understandable speech about “what is given to everyone” becomes the basis of metaphysics in religion in the sense that the latter is a way of “transcending” ontological real ities. This “transcending” corresponds tö the nature óf religion as “Ultimate cohcérn,” that is, to the sertreh for the Ultimate founda tions of being. V Keywords: religion, theology, metaphysics, dogmatism, criti cism, ontology, Tilliéh. Marina T. RyUiňina Ontological Problem in the Transcendental Philosophy of I. Kant ՝Դ,: Russian National Research Medical University. N. I. Pirogo va, Ministry of Health Of Russia. 1 Ostrovityanova տէր., Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation; e-mail; mt-rymina@yandex.ru ! This article analyzes the ontological problem in the transcen dental philosophy of Immanuel Kant: The ontological aspects of the
«transcendental turn», i. e. the process of changing the clas sical metaphysical attitude to thé transcendental one ih relation tö the relationship of essence and phenomenon, are investigated. The desire to gö beyond the phenomenal wdrid creates a tran scendental appearance. Kant determined that being is not homogéheouS, that it has levels or layers-empirical,՛ transcendental, and transcendental. Kant distinguishes three types of a priori: the pure form Of knowledge, action, and expediency. The three types of a priori function as substance, as a sphere of stability, constan cy ùniÿèfsality, ánd objectivity. It is concluded that the ontological significance of Rant’s philosophy is that it gave an analysis of the
ЗОЇ Abstracts existing metaphysical knowledge,, found out the possibilities and limits of the development of metaphysics. A new stage in the de velopment of ontology begins with Kant. Being transformed into objectivity. The place of « substance «is taken by the»transcendental subject.» . Keywords: I. Kant’s ontology, being, «transcendental sub ject», «transcendental turn», metaphysics, a priori, thing-in-itself, substance, transcendental visibility Vyacheslav T. haritav ... The crisis of European Metaphysics in the Mirror of Rus sian Religious Philosophy (V. S. Soloviev and S. N. Bulgakov) Ulyanovsk State Technical University. 32 North Venice, Uly anovsk, 432027, Rassian Federation; e-mail: vfar@mail.ruf The article is devoted to the analysis of the reception of the crisis phenomenon qf European metaphysics in Russian religious philosophy. The article carries out a comparative study of understanding the crisis of Western metaphysics in the teachings of V. S. Soloviev and S.Ń. Bulga kov. In the stody, methodological principles and philosophical compar ative studies are applied, allowing a comparative analysis of the teach ings that express the transformation of Western philosophical thought and European civilization with the conceptual developments of Russian philosophy. For thę analysis of cultural and historical phenomena, meth odological guidelines of ą civilizational approach are applied. For the analysis of historical and philosophical phenomena, the method of his torical and philosophical reconstruction is used. The article substantiates the position that the
crisis of European philosophy, which had matured by the beginning of the 20th century, has as its content the exhaustion of the potential of Western metaphysics. It is shown that for Russian philo sophical thought the crisis of Western metaphysics becomes the starting point of development. , Keywords,; crisis, European metaphysics, Russian religious philos ophy, F. Nietzsche, V. S. Soloviev, S.N. Bulgakov, border Carina V. Anufrieva Reflexive-metaphysical Foundations of Historical Knowl edge: L. O. Mink and R. G. Collingwood Tver.State University. 33 Zhelyabova st., Tver, 170100, Russian Federation; e-mail: carina-oops@mail.ru
302 Abstracts The՛ ärticle analyzes the influence of R.G. Collingwood’s мшышщт of the problem of metaphysics on the approach to the in terpretation of historical narrative proposed by L;Û. Mink. Turning to the analysis of the spécifies of metaphysics, Cbllingwood rejected its understanding as a discipline that talks about pure being, bút at the sartie time showed the irtextricability of historically transform ing speculative ideas about the foundation of the universe from the knowledge of its specific segments. Thus, according to Collingwood, metaphysics appears as constantly evolving in the history of speculative assumptions about the last foundations of the world comprehended by the human subject. This vision öf the nature of metáphýSxfcs wäs alio embodied in Collingwood’s interpretation of historical knowledge. The comprehension bf history is drawn by him as being carried out on the basis of â։ prióri imagination and driven by thé idea of history Which assumés the uhderstanding of any studied fragment of the past within the framework of the meaningful integrity of the diachronic development bf the human community viewed from the standpoint of the present. Mink takes Collingwood’s approach to the knowledge of history, his concept of reflexive metaphysics in developing his own interpretation of his torical narrative. Presenting the Collihgwoodian trend within the he consistently examines the specifics bf historical narrative and its différentes from the literary narrative; Although historical narra tive, in his opinion, is subjected to the structuration of the narra
tive fórni’as such, it is distinguished from the literary version by a kind of belief hi the possibility of portrayal ofreai events of «untold history». Its peculiarity is that the narrative of a certain segment of the pásť somehow Correlates with the picture of the evolution of world history, with its ideal In one way of another, Mink assigns an active role in the construction of historical narrative to the axiolog ical and speculative-metaphysical attitudes of the historian. Mink’s Collingwoodian-inspired views on the historical narrative and the role of the speculative-metaphysical component in its creation had a significant influence on the theoretical heritage of H. White and P.Ricoeur. г :;՝ ■՛”:s ■ Keywords: metaphysics, reflexivé metaphysics, iieo-Hegelianiśm, analytical philosophy of history hermeneutici, a priori imag ination, idea of history, historical narrative, world history
303 Abstracts Irinal. Blauberg Bergson on the Principles of the Reform of Metaphysics Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, 12/1 Goncharnaya Sir., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation; ę-mail: irinablauberg@yandex.ru, Bergson ¡explained the need for reform of metaphysics by the fact that the previous “intellectualist”¡philosophy had exhausted its possibilities: that was hoy? he interpreted Kant’s doctrine of the unknowability of “things in themselves”. Bergson saw the main task in the creation of “positive metaphysics”, i. e. the revival of metaphysics on new foundations — relying on holistic, internal and ext ernal experience. For this, metaphysics must comprehend reality as change, development, becoming, creativity, indivisible continuity (all these values are united by the concept of dura tion— concrete, qualitative time). Bergson examines methods of understanding such a reality in particular detail in the collection “The Creative Mind: An Introduction to Metaphysics” (1932). He highlights the concept of super-intellectual intuition, which, giv ing concrete knowledge of reality, constantly interacts with discur sive intelligence. Metaphysics, the subject of which is the spirit, must cooperate with science aimed at the knowledge of matter. Having reinterpreted many concepts of classical metaphysics, Bergson paved the way for other types of , philosophizing, which were developed in the 20th-21th centuries. Keywords: Henri Bergson, positive metaphysics, duration, change, philosophy and science, intuition Victor P. Vizgin ։ , The Metaphysics of Gabriel
Marcel: A Hermeneutical Sketch Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences. 12/1 Goncharnaya st., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation; e-mail: vizgin.viktor@yandex.ru In this article author combines his general understanding of metaphysical thinking with the analysis of Gabriel МагсеГѕ meta physics. The cultural background of the metaphysical tradition as a whole is a superposition of the Greek and Christian heritages with the sharp controversy between them. Marcel s metaphysics grows from this intellectual context. But it must be added the, pon-
304 Abstracts sideration of the specific biographical and historical conditions in which thé Marcel s thought háve rië^elopetf. As á ihodel for this author analyses the fundamental book “Being and Having” (1935). The phenomenon of personal promise with՛the fixation of a future of his actor is the focus of this analysis. In the light of transcendence the “existential” as fidelity, hbpe and another ob tain the metaphysical significance. If is significant that the meta physical dimension of thought opened for the French thinker due tó the music, theatre and religion light as extraphiìosophical guides to the very ontology. r 1 Keywords: existentialism and metaphysics, phenomenology and metaphysics, Gabriel Marcel metaphysicSy ontological de mand, promise, hope, fidelity, the Absolute Thou BorisL. Gubman ՝ : Paul Ricoeur: «Metaphysics of Finitude» and Critical Phi losophy of History ; Tver State University. 33, Zhelyabova st., Tver, 170100, Russian Federation; e-mail: gubrnan@mail.ru ՛ í The’article is focused on the relationship between P. Ricoeur’s critical philosophy Of history and M. Heidegger’s «metaphysics of finitude». Turning to the problem of the crisis of the sUbśtantialist historiosophical approach to understanding thé unity Of world history, Ricoeur considered the arguments addressed to this thought pattern by numerous critics , who represented various schools of post-classical Western philosophy, to be quite justified. Nevertheless, according to his point of view, the current situation does not demand to completely reject the speculative assumptions that
serve as the basis for attempts to understand the world histo ry unity. If the primary hermeneutical reflection reveals the possi bility of the basic procedures of history — archiving, Understand ing ańd explanation, as well as riarration— the secondary type of hermeneutics is focused on the detection of hiśtbricity as an ontological characteristić öf human existence in time and on the analysis of the features of historical cortSciòusnèss. It is the second type öf hermeneutical reflection that corresponds to the goal of the critical philosophy of history which seeks to show the dynam ics of the’fransformation Of historical ćohsdousness in its gener ation ¿y the living experience of human‘existence in the flow of ’
Abstracts 305 time, Reflecting on this issue, Ricoeur refers not only to Heideg ger’s fundamental ontology, but also to H.— G. Gadamer’s theory of «effective-historical consciousness», R. Koselleck’s historical semantics associated with this doctrine, as well as to R.D. Collingwood’s teaching about the historical change of the metaphysical assumptions that are accepted on the way to the idea of history attainment. Thus, «metaphysics of finitude», elected as a starting point for constructing the critical philosophy of history, logically implies that the living experience of history gives rise to a change of horizon required for its understanding, generates new world outlook platforms and ways of the diachronical events conceptu alization in search for the past unified vision emerging under the conditions of the present. From this point of view, «our present» gives rise toj the task of pronouncing the verdict of history, con sideration ,of the actual events of the past in view of the present, in the perspective; of not only theoretical, but also moral-practical understanding. Keywords: hermeneutics, «metaphysics of finitude», critical philosophy of history, historical experience, historical conscious ness, fundamental ontology, «effective history», historical seman tics, idea of history, meaning of history, verdict of history ¡ Ivan V. Bolotov Heidegger’s Ways: From Existential Analytics to the Rede (die Sagen) of Being Higher School of Economics. Staraya Basmannaya st. 21/4, Moscow, 105066, Russian Federation; email: bolotov.ivan.vladimirovich@gmail.com .The proposed
article? examines the methodological question of the conditions for the possibility of interpreting such sealed philosophical texts as the works of the late period of M. Heideg ger’s ouvre appear to be. A number of positions are put forward as conditions for such an interpretation, starting from whiçh, in the opinion of the author, it is only possible to formulate a consistent reading. Among them: 1) the consideration of Gesamtausgabe as Heidegger’s integral creative path, correlated with his own bi ographical context; 2) the approach to interpretation from the standpoint of «goodwill», i. e. the assumption of a certain leading intention behind actually separate periods of writing activity; 3) in
306 Abstracts thè cäse of Heidegger, the author locates this intention in the attention to language as an environment in which historically takes pláce thè demarcation of some thinkers from one another — and the differentiation of historical epochs, respectively — which is described by Heidegger himself as “the strife for being”; 4) cau tion in relation to explanatory schemes prone to reduciionism, for example1 socio-critical or historiographic approaches. Based on these theses, it seems possible to avoid common hermeneuti cal errors such as a) breeding the “early” and “late” Heidegger, on the basis of which b) the mature years of the philosopher’s work are declared insolvent, ésoteric,’ engaged etc. These suggestions are illustrated by the commentary to the selected quotations from the central work of the philosopher — Being and time — and an appeal to the main motives of later articles and Speeches. Keywords: Mí Heidegger, destruction, the history of meta physics, existential-historical thinking, fundamental Ontology, an alytics of Dasein, hermeneutics, Being and time Aleksandra S. Nikulina 1 The Concept of Metaphysics in M. Heidegger: Thought as Action !i ·՛ Institute of Philosophy, Saint-Petersburg State University. 5 Mendeleevskaya Liniya, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation; email: nikulinaalex88@yandex.ru The article discusses the problem of the positive concept of metaphysics in Heidegger’s philosophy and its potential in the modern philosophical context.rA՝ tftscussiOn of the content of metaphysics and its meaning is an urgent issue in the Situation
of à՛ crisis of (philosophical) ontology, and the perspective on meta physics‘prOpösed in this article, on one hand, helps to consistent ly intégrate this discipline into the Context of scientific knowledge in à broad sénsé; and oh thè other—To avoid the scientistic bias characteristic of the analýtical tradition: In interpreting the basic cbttceptš discussed in this connection — thé concepts of nature, being, physics, motion — we use thè method of hefméheutics. To outline the positive Concept’Of metaphysics irt Hëideggèr, we tum to his understanding of nature, which combines the features of the Aristotelian view With the pósitibń that Heidegger found in the «natural philosophers՛.» He understands nature as a synonym
Abstracts 307 for being; in essence it loses the features of «creation» and be comes creative itself. In this case, physics is nothing but an ontol ogy. Metaphysics then approximates ethics, which is understood not as a theoretical discipline, but as a practical one, or as a form of “care of the self’. Key Words: metaphysics, physics, nature, motion, Aristotle, modes of being, final cause Denis K. Maslov The World and the Fate of Metaphysics. M. Gabriel and His Critique of the Concept “The World”. Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 17, Ac. Lavrentieva avė., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation; e-mail: denn.maslov@gmail.com The article deals with the criticism of the concept of the “world” and the related concept of “metaphysics”. M. Gabriel of fers a theory of existence, which understands existence as a ap pearance in the field of sense, that is, an object given belongs to a certain domain, along with other objects and other domains. The world, defined as the totality of everything that exists (the field of sense of all fields of sense), in this case turns out to be a contradic tory concept, which implies that the world does not exist. J. Hill shows that denial of the world requires quantification through all fields of sense, which implies a universal logical space, that is, the world. In conclusion, the article presents, as a very general out line, options for preserving these two concepts, in particular, pre serving and eliminating the problematic moment — the totality of the world. Keywords: the world, metaphysics, theory of fields of sense,
M. Gabriel.
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Содержание A.M. Рогинский. Вступительное слово : метафизика и кризис ОСНОВОПОНЯТИЙ. . . V і. . . '.7 Общие вопросы , А.Б. Паткуль. Какую метафизику преодолевает постметафизическое мышление?.17 A. Н. Фатенков. О претензиях к метафизике -
оправданных и неоправданных. 28 Н.А. Блохина. Метафизическая аналитическая онтология в системе аналитического знания .՛·. 48 С.М. Малкина. Метафизика, антиметафизическое и постметафизическое мышление ć точки зрения онтологии
власти.53 М.Ю. Савельева. Мифологические аспекты постметафизиче ского мышления . 66 B. А. Яковлев. Метафизика в философии и науке. 78 Н.Ю. Игнатова. О метафизических компонентах научных картин
мира.89 А. И. Мусс. Вопрос о статусе метафизики на примере психофизической проблемы. 100 A. А. Санженаков. Влияние «старой» и «новой» метафизики на
этику.109 Д.Б. Матвеев. Кризис метафизики и основания теологии . 120 Персоналии М. Т. Рюмина. Онтологическая проблема в трансценденталь ной философии И. Канта. 135 B. Т. Фаритов. Кризис европейской
метафизики в зеркале русской религиозной философии (В. С. Соловьев и С. Н. Булгаков). 150
6 Содержание И.И. Блауберг. Бергсон о принципах реформы метафизики. ;. 164 B. П. Визгин. Метафизика Габриэля Марселя: герменевтиче ский этюд.177 К. В. Ануфриева. Рефдексивно-метафизическиеоснования исторического познания: Л.О. Минк и Р.Дж. Коллингвуд.200 C. А. Іашков. Неореалистические тенденции во французском постструктурализме и «преодоление метафизики». .". і. 2І9 Б.Л. Губман. П. Рикёр: «Метафизика конечности» и критическая философия истории. 230 А.М. Свердликов. Космологическая критика метафизики . 245 И.В, Болотов. Пути Хайдеггера: от экзистенциальной аналитики к оказыванию (die Sagen) бытия . 258 А. С. Никулина. Понятие метафизики у М Хайдеггера: мышление, как действие,. . 269 Д.К. МяоговіМир и судьба метафизики: М. Габриэль и его критика понятия «мир» . 278 Сведения об авторах*.---------------------------- 289 Abstracts і·;’.·. ; . . . . . .і. .,,. .v՛ 292
Abstracts Alexey M. Gaginsky Metaphysics and the Crisis of Basic Concepts Institute of Philosophy, Moscow,5 Russian Academy of Scienc es. 12/1 Goncharnaya Տէր., Moscow, 109^40, Russian Federation; e-mail: algaginsky@gmail.com 1 1 ; Thé article deals with the crisis of basić' cöiïcepts of metaphys ics. The basic theoretical concepts were formed in both ancient philosophy and modern science; they came into Some contradic tion with each other: The author shows that thé classical meta physical concepts have lost their clarity, and therefore modern sci ence seeks to replace them with new ones. Howevep the problem remains, as the new concepts function in one context, but they are practically useless in another. ': Keywords: metaphysics, basic concepts, post-metaphysical, theoretical concepts, experimental Concepts. Andrei B. Pătimi і ՝ What Kind of Metaphysics Does Post-Metaphysical Think ing Overcome? 1 '՛·'՛" Institute of Philosophy, Sairtt Petersburg Státe University. 7/9 Universitetskaya emb., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federa tion; e-mail: a.patkul@spbu.ru In my article, I raise the question of what can serve as the basis for the unity of the concept of metaphysics, which is overcome by the so-called post-metaphysical philosophy. I outline here that it is impossible to find such a basis only at the descriptive level. In order to find a starting point for finding such a foundation, I attempted to reconstruct the four types of understanding of metaphysics and ways to overcome it, which are highlighted by Alain Badiou. These include: (1) dogmatic metaphysics and
its critical trial, (2) the ex haustion of the historical and political virtues of metaphysics and its
Abstracts 29В overcoming by positivism, (В) metaphysical immobiļism and eternityism, and their overcoming by dialectical method, and, finally, (4) metaphysics as a nihilistic disposition of the history of the West as a whole and its overcoming by being-historical thinking. I show also that historically all these types of understanding of metaphysics can be reduced to metaphysics in the sense of dogmatic knowledge of what exists in itself. But a more important circumstance is rec ognized that any metaphysics is ambiguously predetermined by the event of the advancing of an ontological principle, which is accom panied by the event of hiding the, instance that legitimizes what is caused by this principle. Therefore, all post-metaphysical thinking is already metaphysical thinking, and this is due to the revealing and concealing nature of metaphysica naturalis, which necessarily belongs to a human being. Keywords: metaphysics, ontology, post-metąphysical think ing, positivism. Platonism, metaphysica naturalis. Aleksey N. Fatenkav On Claims to Metaphysics — Justified and Unjustified Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod. 23 Gagarin Ave., Nizhni Novgorod, §03950, Russian Federation; Privolzhskiy Research Medical University. 10/1 Minin Sq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russian Federation; e-mail: fatenkov@fsn.unn.ru The text is devoted to clarification of metaphysics’ subject and its ability to conceptualize the world while not reducing it to abstract principles and not diminishing a figure of human. The question of conceptually strong metaphysics turns out to be ques
tions of nature and status of dialectical metaphysics, existential metaphysics and existential dialectics. In this regard the author relies on positive non-classical dialectics in which the one is ontologically both bigger and smaller than the multiform, hierarchy is more real and valuable than identity. In contrast to dualistic inten tions a position of existentially tested monism is being defended: I am one on one with the world — and, if only for an instant, I and the world are oņe. Human freedom in the format of existential ism-oriented metaphysics is being related to danger which is an at tribute of life. In the author’s version that combines philosophical lines qf rationalism and irrationalism freedom is interpreted as an ultimate risk with an ultimate fearlessness of being mistaken.
294 Abstracts Keywords։ metaphysics, dialectical metaphysics, existential metaphysics, existential diäieetics, freedom, risk, dánger, anxiety, fear, fearlessness Ňátalia A. Blokhina ; ' Metaphysical Analytical Ontology in the System of Analyti cal Knowledge Yesenin Ryazan State University. 46 Bronnay Str., Ryazan, 89000, Russian Federation; e-mail: n.blokhmà_77@mail.ru Now we have no thé established view on analytical philosophy (AP) if it is ah authentic ánd integral current in the western phil osophical thought. The author of this paper proposes the formu ládon of two principles that may consider AP a self-sustained and consolidated philosophical tradition. They are (1) the principle of onto-methodological syncretism and (2) the principle of inte gral (synoptic) image of a man and the world. Metaphysical ana lytic ontology is only one kind of analytic ontology among others -naturalistic, lingvogenetic, etc. The MAO distinctive featüre is its openness to possible states of the World arid to possible states of affairs. Two main forms of MAO — mànifest and unmahifest, and the branches of both of them are anatomized in the article as well. Keywords։ analytical philosophy, metaphysical analytical on tology, onto-methodological syncretism, integrál (synoptic) image of a man and the world ' Svetlana M. Mälkiná ՛“’ Metaphysics, Anti-metaphysical and Post-metaphysical Thinking in Terms of the Ontology of Power Saratov State University. 83 Astťafchánskayá, Sáratóv, Russian Federation ,410012; e-mail:’ malkinasm@gmail.com Over the past two centuries, we have witnessed the
sustainabil ity df the philosophical discourse of criticism of metaphysics and the demands of overcoming it.! Both metaphysics ánd its criticism Can be considered from the point Of view of the ontology of pow er. Metaphysics as the science of the first principles is a definite systenyof Ontological power: the eXistirig as the being is considered äs the basis for any possible finite being, the reason rules over the effect, the goal Overithe action. Proceeding from this, metaphysics extends its power even beyond the limitó Of ontological discourse,
Abstracts 295 setting tlie structure of spļeaķijig, claims to organize a disposition of the forces of correlations with existing things. The author separates anti-metaphysical and post-metaphysical discourses. Anti-meta physical discourse fights against metaphysical discourse through a demonstration of the meaninglessness or insufficiency of the meta physical way of understanding philosophical problems. However, this transforms the anti-metaphysical discourse into super-meta physics. Post-metaphysical thinking does not seek to establish the will to power of a philosophizing subject by replacing the “meaning lessness”, of metaphysiçş with one or another philosophical “mean ing”, but transforms the entire field of philosophy in such away that the will to power iş, taken in the form of simultaneous differentia tion and synthesis of the correlation of forces. In post-metaphysical thinking takes place not so much the overcoming of metaphysics, as the system, of hierarchical relations, the ontology of power, which underlies philosophical thinking, is being revised. Keywords: ontology of power, post-metaphysical thinking, metaphysics, overcoming of metaphysics, deconstruction Sergey A. Gąshkov Neorealistic Trends in the French Poststructuralism and “Overcoming Metaphysics”. The Baltic State Technical University “Voenmekh”, named af ter Ustinov. 7, 1st Krasnoarmeyskaya Street, St.— Petersburg, Rus sian Federation, 196005; e-mail sgachkov@hotmail.com The author aimed to compare M. Foucault’s and C, Castoriadis’s thoughts in the order to valorize their contributions in the
philosophy of history. So, his tasks were to analyze the works of both philosophers, to compare their methods in the light of the “post-metaphysical thought”. The author used tfie hermeneuti cal and dialogical inter-textual methods. As result of his research he discovered two respective “neorealistic trends”, called by him “onomographical” (Foucault) and “nomothetical” (Castoriadis). They can be called “neorealistic trends” in the sense, that they try to overcome metaphysics towards historical reality, understood respectively as the Other (Foucault) or the Social-Historical (Castoriadis). The other result consists in trying to understand the specifics of the discontinuity of the philosophical works of both thinkers. The general conclusion to which the author ar-
296 Abstfàcts rives is the necessity to také aècòimt in the history of philosophy of stich phenomena as discontinuity andovercoriiing. Marina V. Savelieva Mythological Aspects of Postmetaphysical Thinking Centre for Humanitarian Education, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. 4 Tijohsvjatitelskaja տէր.,’Kiev, Ukraine, 01001; email: mars6464@gmaii.corn The article deals with the phenomenon of the post-metaphysi cal status öf philosophical thinking in relation to classical metaphys ics, as well as post-modern thinking in general. It is shown thè myth ological dature of pofet-mėtaphysicš: thé substitution of metaphysi cal meanings of cross cutting worldview concepts with objective or pseudo-objective concepts; substitution of the theoretical form of thinking (idea) with applied content; replacing the essential nov elty of knowledge with the novelty of its justification Ör the novelty of its relation to'if iri the process of forming new goals. It is proved that post-metaphysics is not an independent period in the develop ment of the methodology of cognition, but a way of relating to the earlier stages of metaphysics and dialectics. The causal relationship of post-metaphysics with the process of the formation of globalist thinking is revealed, the influence of globalism on piòst-metaphysics is shown. The tendency of embedding philosophy in the context of mass culture and the emergence of pöst-philosophy as a manifes tation of the post-metaphýsicaľ methodology is substantiated. Keywords: metaphysics, post-metaphysics, myth, conscious ness, thinking, post-phiiôsôphÿ,
society, rationality Vladimir A. Yakovlev Metaphysics in Philosophy and Science 1 Lomonosov Moscow State University. GŚP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation; e-mail: goföda460@yandex.ru ՛՛■՛՝· . ՛ ; On the basis of philosophical traditions of interpretation of category of being and various interpretations öf this abstract con cept öf moderrt natural sciences the new understanding of catego ry of being as a basic métáphysifcaÍ concept of science is offered. The statement that the dategory of being in modern interpréta tion expresses being of information, dr the informational being
297 Abstracts presented in unity of three spheres of reality — niatter, live and consciousness (reason) is proved. v , Keywords: metaphysics, ontology, science, being, anything, information, program, paradigm, creatives, synergetic. Nina Y. Ignatova . . About Metaphysical Components of Scientific Pictures of the World Ural Federal University named after, B.N. Yeltsin, NTI (branch). 59 Krasnogvardeiskaya, Nizhny Tagil, Russian Federation, 622000; e-mail: ninal 316@yandex.ru . This article describes the problem of metaphysical components of scientific pictures of the world, which can be analyzed, both from the point of view of tlļq.ļ)istoryşf science, and from the point of view of the relationship between metaphysics and science. The author builds the conceptual framework of the possible relationship between metaphysics and science in the form of questions: can metaphysics exist as reliabil ity credible knowledge, and if such an influence is even possible, do metaphysics and empirical science influence each other. The answer to the first question allows us to indicate anti-metaphysical scientism; the answer to the second question allows us to indicate either the complete independence of science and metaphysics, or the priority of metaphysics over science (Ąristotelian-medieval picture of the world) or the priority of science oyer metaphysics (modern picture of the world). Metaphysics is intended to be something more than just a set of tools that are used to adapt to the consequences of the development of science. We illustrate this last point by discussing some metaphysical
principles (heterogene ity, homogeneity, plenism, vacuişm) iņ the context of various pictures of the world. Due to the large volume and breadth of the topic, the article is selective in the use of material. Keywords: Aristotelian-medieval picture of the world, Carte sian picture of the world, Newtonian picture of the world, mod ern picture of the world, scientific community, relationship be tween science and metaphysics Anton M. Sverdlikov Cosmolpgical Criticism of Metaphysics The Bęrgische Universität Wuppertal. 20 Gaußstraße, Wup pertal, Germany, 42119; e-mail: anton.sverdlikov@gmail.com
298 Abstracts In this paper I examine project of the cosmological critics of metaphysics, which is based on the later philosophy of M. Heide gger and which was especially developed in the works of E. Fink and R. Brandner. I analyze the main points of the critique of meta physics in Heidegger and Fink. I claim that the very formulation of the problem of metaphysics in Heidegger Käs an implicit cos mological dimension. Finally, I demonstrate thè affinity between cosmological problematics of Heidegger-Fink-Brandner and the Keywords: Heidegger; Fink; Hegel; Schelliflg; ontotheology; metaphysics; cosmology; world; absolute idealism; Natrirphildsophie, Alexander I. Muss The Question of the Status of Metaphysics as an Example of a Psychophysical Problém ;1 ՛ ^ St. Petersburg State University. 7-9 Universitetskäya emb., Śt. Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation; e-mail: albertwanderer@gmail.com · · ՝'՛ ' ·” ľ···1՛' ' This article presents the author’s ideas in the context of solv ing orte of the problems posed at the conference “Metaphysics and Post-Metaphysical Thinking”. This problem is the problem of thè place arid significance of philosophy and metaphysics in the modern world, which could be understood as the world of the pťeVálence of «scientific ontòlogy». Гjustify the status of philos ophy and metaphysics in the modern world, rising the classical works by Aristotle and Kant, as well as Alain Badiou’s theory of the four truth procedures. Therè is one opportunity to apply such an apprbach — the mind-body problém, which could not be solved by the existing tools'of science
and philbsophy. Keywords: Metaphysics, Philosophy of Science, Archeology of Knowledge, Mind-body Problem,'Scientific Ontology, Truth Pro cédures ■՝'■ ’ ■ ■' ՛՛՛■·՛' Alexander A. Sanzhmakov ՛'՝■ The Influence of the “Old” and “New” Metaphysics on Ethics Institute of Philosophy and Law, Siberian Brahch, Russian Academy of Sciences. 8 Nikolaev Str., 630090, Novosibirsk, Rus sian Federation;e-mail: sanzheriakov@gmail.com
Abstracts 299 . The article is devoted to the identification and explication of the metaphysical foundations of ethical discourse of the past and present. Previously, in Western philosophy, the relationship be tween moral philosophy and metaphysics was quite transparent. It consisted in the fact that metaphysics as the first philosophy was the most important discipline in which philpsophers developed a number of assumptions regarding the first causes and the be ginning of everything, and ethics as a reflection on actual moral practice used the achievements of metaphysics to set the appro priate horizon for the practical goals of , the moral agent. Now this attitude.is not so clear;. Metaphysical and practical turns, the emergence of metaethics, and the secularization of philosophical discourse, should be mentioned here ąs determining factors. All these factors made the search for the metaphysical foundations of ethics, if npt impossible, then extremely difficult. Despite this, the author of the article believes that it is necessary to undertake research in this direction. This belief stems from the effectiveness of the traditional scheme of the relationship between ethics and metaphysics, observed throughout classical philosophy, as well as from the doubtfulness of the attempts made by modern moral philosophy to build new knowledge outside metaphysics. Keywords: metaphysics, ethics, old metaphysics, new meta physics, postmetaphysics. vDmitry B. MaĮveyęv The Crisis of Metaphysics and the Foundations of Theology All-Russian Institute for Scientific and Technical
Information (VINTTI), Russian Academy of Sciences. 20 Usiyevicha Տէր., Mos cow, Russian Federation, 125100; e-mail: dmatveev@yantlex.ru The article discusses some aspects of the reaction of modern theologians (XIX and XX centuries) to the,crisis of metaphysics and dogmatic thinking. In accordance with how Kant reflected this crisis in his theory of knowledge, statements in the metaphys ical field do not explicitly express any knowledge, since they are out of the “horizon of possible experience”. The approaches of part of Christian theologians who adopted Kantian epistemol ogy may be called theology of modern era. This “theology after Kant” is an enterprise of search for other foundations of theology than the metaphysical ones that were developed in the «suberk-
300 Abstracts leal»' periód of the existence df Christianity (biblical· narrative, dogma of the Councils, etc. as the basis of the doctrine). Howev er, criticisni of metaphysics from the position of agreement with Kaňtián cognitive philosophy carries thé risk öf devaluing the entire pre-modern՛ («precriticai») theological tradition. A serious attempt to build ä theological system Without breaking With both the said tradition and critical thinking belongs to Paul Tillich. Ac cording to his approach, the meaning óf religion as “ultimate con cern” about being is robted in “structures of being given to every one who exists” and, accordingly,· is expressible in Concepts that arė potentially close to évéŕyoné (“onťólogy” in Tillich’s terms). Ontology as art universally understandable speech about “what is given to everyone” becomes the basis of metaphysics in religion in the sense that the latter is a way of “transcending” ontological real ities. This “transcending” corresponds tö the nature óf religion as “Ultimate cohcérn,” that is, to the sertreh for the Ultimate founda tions of being. V ' Keywords: religion, theology, metaphysics, dogmatism, criti cism, ontology, Tilliéh. Marina T. RyUiňina Ontological Problem in the Transcendental Philosophy of I. Kant ՝Դ,:' " Russian National Research Medical University. N. I. Pirogo va, Ministry of Health Of Russia. 1 Ostrovityanova տէր., Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation; e-mail; mt-rymina@yandex.ru ! This article analyzes the ontological problem in the transcen dental philosophy of Immanuel Kant: The ontological aspects of the
«transcendental turn», i. e. the process of changing the clas sical metaphysical attitude to thé transcendental one ih relation tö the relationship of essence and phenomenon, are investigated. The desire to gö beyond the phenomenal wdrid creates a tran scendental appearance. Kant determined that being is not homogéheouS, that it has levels or layers-empirical,՛ transcendental, and transcendental. Kant distinguishes three types of a priori: the pure form Of knowledge, action, and expediency. The three types of a priori function as substance, as a sphere of stability, constan cy ùniÿèfsality, ánd objectivity. It is concluded that the ontological significance of Rant’s philosophy is that it gave an analysis of the
ЗОЇ Abstracts existing metaphysical knowledge,, found out the possibilities and limits of the development of metaphysics. A new stage in the de velopment of ontology begins with Kant. Being transformed into objectivity. The place of « substance «is taken by the»transcendental subject.» . Keywords: I. Kant’s ontology, being, «transcendental sub ject», «transcendental turn», metaphysics, a priori, thing-in-itself, substance, transcendental visibility Vyacheslav T. haritav . The crisis of European Metaphysics in the Mirror of Rus sian Religious Philosophy (V. S. Soloviev and S. N. Bulgakov) Ulyanovsk State Technical University. 32 North Venice, Uly anovsk, 432027, Rassian Federation; e-mail: vfar@mail.ruf The article is devoted to the analysis of the reception of the crisis phenomenon qf European metaphysics in Russian religious philosophy. The article carries out a comparative study of understanding the crisis of Western metaphysics in the teachings of V. S. Soloviev and S.Ń. Bulga kov. In the stody, methodological principles and philosophical compar ative studies are applied, allowing a comparative analysis of the teach ings that express the transformation of Western philosophical thought and European civilization with the conceptual developments of Russian philosophy. For thę analysis of cultural and historical phenomena, meth odological guidelines of ą civilizational approach are applied. For the analysis of historical and philosophical phenomena, the method of his torical and philosophical reconstruction is used. The article substantiates the position that the
crisis of European philosophy, which had matured by the beginning of the 20th century, has as its content the exhaustion of the potential of Western metaphysics. It is shown that for Russian philo sophical thought the crisis of Western metaphysics becomes the starting point of development. , Keywords,; crisis, European metaphysics, Russian religious philos ophy, F. Nietzsche, V. S. Soloviev, S.N. Bulgakov, border Carina V. Anufrieva Reflexive-metaphysical Foundations of Historical Knowl edge: L. O. Mink and R. G. Collingwood Tver.State University. 33 Zhelyabova st., Tver, 170100, Russian Federation; e-mail: carina-oops@mail.ru
302 Abstracts The՛ ärticle analyzes the influence of R.G. Collingwood’s мшышщт of the problem of metaphysics on the approach to the in terpretation of historical narrative proposed by L;Û. Mink. Turning to the analysis of the spécifies of metaphysics, Cbllingwood rejected its understanding as a discipline that talks about pure being, bút at the sartie time showed the irtextricability of historically transform ing speculative ideas about the foundation of the universe from the knowledge of its specific segments. Thus, according to Collingwood, metaphysics appears as constantly evolving in the history of speculative assumptions about the last foundations of the world comprehended by the human subject. This vision öf the nature of metáphýSxfcs wäs alio embodied in Collingwood’s interpretation of historical knowledge. The comprehension bf history is drawn by him as being carried out on the basis of â։ prióri imagination and driven by thé idea of history Which assumés the uhderstanding of any studied fragment of the past within the framework of the meaningful integrity of the diachronic development bf the human community viewed from the standpoint of the present. Mink takes Collingwood’s approach to the knowledge of history, his concept of reflexive metaphysics in developing his own interpretation of his torical narrative. Presenting the Collihgwoodian trend within the he consistently examines the specifics bf historical narrative'and its différentes from the literary narrative; Although historical narra tive, in his opinion, is subjected to the structuration of the narra
tive fórni’as such, it is distinguished from the literary version by a kind of belief hi the possibility of portrayal ofreai events of «untold history». Its peculiarity is that the narrative of a certain segment of the pásť somehow Correlates with the picture of the evolution of world history, with its ideal In one way of another, Mink assigns an active role in the construction of historical narrative to the axiolog ical and speculative-metaphysical attitudes of the historian. Mink’s Collingwoodian-inspired views on the historical narrative and the role of the speculative-metaphysical component in its creation had a significant influence on the theoretical heritage of H. White and P.Ricoeur. " г :;՝ "■՛”:s ■ Keywords: metaphysics, reflexivé metaphysics, iieo-Hegelianiśm, analytical philosophy of history hermeneutici, a priori imag ination, idea of history, historical narrative, world history
303 Abstracts Irinal. Blauberg Bergson on the Principles of the Reform of Metaphysics Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, 12/1 Goncharnaya Sir., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation; ę-mail: irinablauberg@yandex.ru, Bergson ¡explained the need for reform of metaphysics by the fact that the previous “intellectualist”¡philosophy had exhausted its possibilities: that was hoy? he interpreted Kant’s doctrine of the unknowability of “things in themselves”. Bergson saw the main task in the creation of “positive metaphysics”, i. e. the revival of metaphysics on new foundations — relying on holistic, internal and ext ernal experience. For this, metaphysics must comprehend reality as change, development, becoming, creativity, indivisible continuity (all these values are united by the concept of dura tion— concrete, qualitative time). Bergson examines methods of understanding such a reality in particular detail in the collection “The Creative Mind: An Introduction to Metaphysics” (1932). He highlights the concept of super-intellectual intuition, which, giv ing concrete knowledge of reality, constantly interacts with discur sive intelligence. Metaphysics, the subject of which is the spirit, must cooperate with science aimed at the knowledge of matter. Having reinterpreted many concepts of classical metaphysics, Bergson paved the way for other types of , philosophizing, which were developed in the 20th-21th centuries. Keywords: Henri Bergson, positive metaphysics, duration, change, philosophy and science, intuition Victor P. Vizgin ։ , The Metaphysics of Gabriel
Marcel: A Hermeneutical Sketch Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences. 12/1 Goncharnaya st., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation; e-mail: vizgin.viktor@yandex.ru In this article author combines his general understanding of metaphysical thinking with the analysis of Gabriel МагсеГѕ meta physics. The cultural background of the metaphysical tradition as a whole is a superposition of the Greek and Christian heritages with the sharp controversy between them. Marcel's metaphysics grows from this intellectual context. But it must be added the, pon-
304 Abstracts sideration of the specific biographical and historical conditions in which thé Marcel's thought háve rië^elopetf. As á ihodel for this author analyses the fundamental book “Being and Having” (1935). The phenomenon of personal promise with՛the fixation of a future of his actor is the focus of this analysis. In the light of transcendence the “existential” as fidelity, hbpe and another ob tain the metaphysical significance. If is significant that the meta physical dimension of thought opened for the French thinker due tó the music, theatre and religion light as extraphiìosophical guides to the very ontology. r 1 Keywords: existentialism and metaphysics, phenomenology and metaphysics, Gabriel Marcel' metaphysicSy ontological de mand, promise, hope, fidelity, the Absolute Thou BorisL. Gubman " ՝ : Paul Ricoeur: «Metaphysics of Finitude» and Critical Phi losophy of History ; Tver State University. 33, Zhelyabova st., Tver, 170100, Russian Federation; e-mail: gubrnan@mail.ru ՛ í The’article is focused on the relationship between P. Ricoeur’s critical philosophy Of history and M. Heidegger’s «metaphysics of finitude». Turning to the problem of the crisis of the sUbśtantialist historiosophical approach to understanding thé unity Of world history, Ricoeur considered the arguments addressed to this thought pattern by numerous critics', who represented various schools of post-classical Western philosophy, to be quite justified. Nevertheless, according to his point of view, the current situation does not demand to completely reject the speculative assumptions that
serve as the basis for attempts to understand the world histo ry unity. If the primary hermeneutical reflection reveals the possi bility of the basic procedures'of history — archiving, Understand ing ańd explanation, as well as riarration— the secondary type of hermeneutics is focused on the detection of hiśtbricity as an ontological characteristić öf human existence in time and on the analysis of the features of historical cortSciòusnèss. It is the second type öf hermeneutical reflection that corresponds to the goal of the critical philosophy of history which seeks to show the dynam ics of the’fransformation Of historical ćohsdousness in its gener ation ¿y the living experience of human‘existence in the flow of ’
Abstracts 305 time, Reflecting on this issue, Ricoeur refers not only to Heideg ger’s fundamental ontology, but also to H.— G. Gadamer’s theory of «effective-historical consciousness», R. Koselleck’s historical semantics associated with this doctrine, as well as to R.D. Collingwood’s teaching about the historical change of the metaphysical assumptions that are accepted on the way to the idea of history attainment. Thus, «metaphysics of finitude», elected as a starting point for constructing the critical philosophy of history, logically implies that the living experience of history gives rise to a change of horizon required for its understanding, generates new world outlook platforms and ways of the diachronical events conceptu alization in search for the past unified vision emerging under the conditions of the present. From this point of view, «our present» gives rise toj the task of pronouncing the verdict of history, con sideration ,of the actual events of the past in view of the present, in the perspective; of not only theoretical, but also moral-practical understanding. Keywords: hermeneutics, «metaphysics of finitude», critical philosophy of history, historical experience, historical conscious ness, fundamental ontology, «effective history», historical seman tics, idea of history, meaning of history, verdict of history ¡ Ivan V. Bolotov Heidegger’s Ways: From Existential Analytics to the Rede (die Sagen) of Being Higher School of Economics. Staraya Basmannaya st. 21/4, Moscow, 105066, Russian Federation; email: bolotov.ivan.vladimirovich@gmail.com .The proposed
article? examines the methodological question of the conditions for the possibility of interpreting such sealed philosophical texts as the works of the late period of M. Heideg ger’s ouvre appear to be. A number of positions are put forward as conditions for such an interpretation, starting from whiçh, in the opinion of the author, it is only possible to formulate a consistent reading. Among them: 1) the consideration of Gesamtausgabe as Heidegger’s integral creative path, correlated with his own bi ographical context; 2) the approach to interpretation from the standpoint of «goodwill», i. e. the assumption of a certain leading intention behind actually separate periods of writing activity; 3) in
306 Abstracts thè cäse of Heidegger, the author locates this intention in the attention to language as an environment in which historically takes pláce thè demarcation of some thinkers from one another — and the differentiation of historical epochs, respectively — which is described by Heidegger himself as “the strife for being”; 4) cau tion in relation to explanatory schemes prone to reduciionism, for example1 socio-critical or historiographic approaches. Based on these theses, it seems possible to avoid common hermeneuti cal errors such as a) breeding the “early” and “late” Heidegger, on the basis of which b) the mature years of the philosopher’s work are declared insolvent, ésoteric,’ engaged etc. These suggestions are illustrated by the commentary to the selected quotations from the central work of the philosopher — Being and time — and an appeal to the main motives of later articles and Speeches. Keywords: Mí Heidegger, destruction, the history of meta physics, existential-historical thinking, fundamental Ontology, an alytics of Dasein, hermeneutics, Being and time Aleksandra S. Nikulina 1 ' ' The Concept of Metaphysics in M. Heidegger: Thought as Action !i ·՛ Institute of Philosophy, Saint-Petersburg State University. 5 Mendeleevskaya Liniya, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation; email: nikulinaalex88@yandex.ru The article discusses the problem of the positive concept of metaphysics in Heidegger’s philosophy and its potential in the modern philosophical context.rA՝ tftscussiOn of the content of metaphysics and its meaning is an urgent issue in the Situation
of à՛ crisis of (philosophical) ontology, and the perspective on meta physics‘prOpösed in this article, on one hand, helps to consistent ly intégrate this discipline into the Context of scientific knowledge in à broad sénsé; and oh thè other—To avoid the scientistic bias characteristic of the analýtical tradition: In interpreting the basic cbttceptš discussed in this connection — thé concepts of nature, being, physics, motion — we use thè method of hefméheutics. To outline the positive Concept’Of metaphysics irt Hëideggèr, we tum to his understanding of nature, which combines the features of the Aristotelian view With the pósitibń that Heidegger found in the «natural philosophers՛.» He understands nature as a synonym
Abstracts 307 for being; in essence it loses the features of «creation» and be comes creative itself. In this case, physics is nothing but an ontol ogy. Metaphysics then approximates ethics, which is understood not as a theoretical discipline, but as a practical one, or as a form of “care of the self’. Key Words: metaphysics, physics, nature, motion, Aristotle, modes of being, final cause Denis K. Maslov The World and the Fate of Metaphysics. M. Gabriel and His Critique of the Concept “The World”. Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 17, Ac. Lavrentieva avė., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation; e-mail: denn.maslov@gmail.com The article deals with the criticism of the concept of the “world” and the related concept of “metaphysics”. M. Gabriel of fers a theory of existence, which understands existence as a ap pearance in the field of sense, that is, an object given belongs to a certain domain, along with other objects and other domains. The world, defined as the totality of everything that exists (the field of sense of all fields of sense), in this case turns out to be a contradic tory concept, which implies that the world does not exist. J. Hill shows that denial of the world requires quantification through all fields of sense, which implies a universal logical space, that is, the world. In conclusion, the article presents, as a very general out line, options for preserving these two concepts, in particular, pre serving and eliminating the problematic moment — the totality of the world. Keywords: the world, metaphysics, theory of fields of sense,
M. Gabriel. |
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И.И. Блауберг и А.М. 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genre | (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift 2019 Moskau gnd-content |
genre_facet | Konferenzschrift 2019 Moskau |
geographic | Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 gnd |
geographic_facet | Europa |
id | DE-604.BV047400156 |
illustrated | Not Illustrated |
index_date | 2024-07-03T17:52:16Z |
indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:11:04Z |
institution | BVB |
institution_GND | (DE-588)1238153208 (DE-588)1115743724 |
isbn | 9785829138042 |
language | Russian |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032801284 |
oclc_num | 1263271662 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-12 |
owner_facet | DE-12 |
physical | 307 Seiten |
psigel | BSB_NED_20210824 |
publishDate | 2020 |
publishDateSearch | 2020 |
publishDateSort | 2020 |
publisher | "Akademičeskij proekt" |
record_format | marc |
series2 | Filosofskie technologii: sovremennaja filosofija |
spelling | Meždunarodnaja konferencija Metafizika i postmetafizičeskoe myšlenie 2019 Moskau Verfasser (DE-588)1238153208 aut 880-02 Metafizika i postmetafizičeskoe myšlenie Rossijskaja akademija nauk, Institut filosofii ; pod red. I.I. Blauberg i A.M. Gaginskogo 880-03 Moskva "Akademičeskij proekt" 2020 307 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Filosofskie technologii: sovremennaja filosofija Text russisch. Zusammenfassungen in englischer Sprache Kyrillische Schrift Philosoph (DE-588)4045790-4 gnd rswk-swf Metaphysik (DE-588)4038936-4 gnd rswk-swf Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift 2019 Moskau gnd-content Metaphysik (DE-588)4038936-4 s Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 g Philosoph (DE-588)4045790-4 s DE-604 880-01 Blauberg, Irina Igorevna 1954- (DE-588)1033605832 edt Rossijskaja akademija nauk Institut filosofii (DE-588)1115743724 oth Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032801284&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032801284&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract 700-01/(N Блауберг, Ирина Игоревна edt 245-02/(N Метафизика и постметафизическое мышление Российская академия наук, Институт философии ; под ред. И.И. Блауберг и А.М. Гагинского 264-03/(N Москва "Академический проект" 2020 |
spellingShingle | Metafizika i postmetafizičeskoe myšlenie Philosoph (DE-588)4045790-4 gnd Metaphysik (DE-588)4038936-4 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4045790-4 (DE-588)4038936-4 (DE-588)4015701-5 (DE-588)1071861417 |
title | Metafizika i postmetafizičeskoe myšlenie |
title_auth | Metafizika i postmetafizičeskoe myšlenie |
title_exact_search | Metafizika i postmetafizičeskoe myšlenie |
title_exact_search_txtP | Metafizika i postmetafizičeskoe myšlenie |
title_full | Metafizika i postmetafizičeskoe myšlenie Rossijskaja akademija nauk, Institut filosofii ; pod red. I.I. Blauberg i A.M. Gaginskogo |
title_fullStr | Metafizika i postmetafizičeskoe myšlenie Rossijskaja akademija nauk, Institut filosofii ; pod red. I.I. Blauberg i A.M. Gaginskogo |
title_full_unstemmed | Metafizika i postmetafizičeskoe myšlenie Rossijskaja akademija nauk, Institut filosofii ; pod red. I.I. Blauberg i A.M. Gaginskogo |
title_short | Metafizika i postmetafizičeskoe myšlenie |
title_sort | metafizika i postmetafiziceskoe myslenie |
topic | Philosoph (DE-588)4045790-4 gnd Metaphysik (DE-588)4038936-4 gnd |
topic_facet | Philosoph Metaphysik Europa Konferenzschrift 2019 Moskau |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032801284&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032801284&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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