Gullah spirituals: the sound of freedom and protest in the South Carolina sea islands
"Eric Sean Crawford, associate professor of music and director of the Joyner Institute for Gullah and African Diaspora Studies at Coastal Carolina University, examines the history and diffusion of Gullah spirituals, an important and at times overlooked aspect of Gullah culture in the Lowcountry...
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Columbia, South Carolina
the University of South Carolina Press
[2021]
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | "Eric Sean Crawford, associate professor of music and director of the Joyner Institute for Gullah and African Diaspora Studies at Coastal Carolina University, examines the history and diffusion of Gullah spirituals, an important and at times overlooked aspect of Gullah culture in the Lowcountry and Sea Islands of South Carolina and Georgia. Crawford's work focuses primarily on the South Carolina sea island of St. Helena in Beaufort County. While much has been done to study, preserve, and interpret Gullah culture, Crawford writes, "the shouting and rowing songs, containing the strongest West African retentions, are mostly lost and forgotten. This book illuminates the remarkable history, survival, and influence of this island's music since the earliest recordings in the 1860s." While Crawford's focus may be the St. Helena spirituals, his study is not limited only to that one place. Instead he examines the diffusion and impact of the music and culture that emanated from this one small island community. He follows the Gullah spirituals through to the musical arrangements of the famed Hampton Singers and later shows how the songs served as a rallying point and cultural bridge, helping to build support for America's involvement in World War I and as a way of easing racial tensions both at home and abroad. He shows how patriotic texts and themes were added to the spirituals and helped to make them popular wartime songs. Hampton University folklorist Natalie Curtis, for example, used the melody from the St. Helena spiritual "Ride On, Jesus" in her wartime anthem "Hymn of Freedom," which was sung not only in churches of the time, but also to gatherings of American soldiers mobilizing for war. Part of the goal of the US Army in choosing the song was to build African American support for the war, and also ease racial tensions within the (still segregated) ranks. Later, civil rights activists in the 1950s and 60s would find their own spiritual and political uses for the songs, as many were rediscovered and disseminated throughout the country as protest songs. The songs were not reimagined as protest songs, but rather had always been, and Crawford traces this long trajectory "from their beginnings in West Africa and later oppression by white missionaries to their height as songs for social change and black identity in the twentieth century." Crawford--an ethnomusicologist by training--relies not only upon archival records, but also conducted his own fieldwork, personal recordings, and oral interviews to develop his understanding of St. Helena and its music. His work, however, diverges from these earlier studies in its attempt to tell the stories not only of the music, but also of the music makers. |
| Beschreibung: | vi, 238 Seiten Illustrationen, Notenbeispiele |
| ISBN: | 9781643361901 9781643361895 |
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| 505 | 8 | |a The West African Song Tradition -- The Penn School -- The Penn School Community Outreach Efforts -- Saint Helena's Spirituals during the World Wars and Prohibition -- Saint Helena's Spirituals during the Civil Rights Movement -- An Examination of Two Saint Helena Song Leaders | |
| 520 | 3 | |a "Eric Sean Crawford, associate professor of music and director of the Joyner Institute for Gullah and African Diaspora Studies at Coastal Carolina University, examines the history and diffusion of Gullah spirituals, an important and at times overlooked aspect of Gullah culture in the Lowcountry and Sea Islands of South Carolina and Georgia. Crawford's work focuses primarily on the South Carolina sea island of St. Helena in Beaufort County. While much has been done to study, preserve, and interpret Gullah culture, Crawford writes, "the shouting and rowing songs, containing the strongest West African retentions, are mostly lost and forgotten. This book illuminates the remarkable history, survival, and influence of this island's music since the earliest recordings in the 1860s." While Crawford's focus may be the St. Helena spirituals, his study is not limited only to that one place. | |
| 520 | 3 | |a Instead he examines the diffusion and impact of the music and culture that emanated from this one small island community. He follows the Gullah spirituals through to the musical arrangements of the famed Hampton Singers and later shows how the songs served as a rallying point and cultural bridge, helping to build support for America's involvement in World War I and as a way of easing racial tensions both at home and abroad. He shows how patriotic texts and themes were added to the spirituals and helped to make them popular wartime songs. Hampton University folklorist Natalie Curtis, for example, used the melody from the St. Helena spiritual "Ride On, Jesus" in her wartime anthem "Hymn of Freedom," which was sung not only in churches of the time, but also to gatherings of American soldiers mobilizing for war. Part of the goal of the US Army in choosing the song was to build African American support for the war, and also ease racial tensions within the (still segregated) ranks. | |
| 520 | 3 | |a Later, civil rights activists in the 1950s and 60s would find their own spiritual and political uses for the songs, as many were rediscovered and disseminated throughout the country as protest songs. The songs were not reimagined as protest songs, but rather had always been, and Crawford traces this long trajectory "from their beginnings in West Africa and later oppression by white missionaries to their height as songs for social change and black identity in the twentieth century." Crawford--an ethnomusicologist by training--relies not only upon archival records, but also conducted his own fieldwork, personal recordings, and oral interviews to develop his understanding of St. Helena and its music. His work, however, diverges from these earlier studies in its attempt to tell the stories not only of the music, but also of the music makers. | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804182658741174273 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS Acknowledgments Introduction vii і ONE The West African Song Tradition 13 Rowing Songs 13 Shouting Songs 24 TWO The Penn School 36 Penn School’s Founders 36 Penn School’s Patriotic Songs 40 Penn School’s Christmas Songs 42 Penn School’s Midwifery Program 45 Penn School’s Favorites 47 Penn School’s Chapel Services 49 THREE The Penn School Community Outreach Efforts The “We Class” 54 House Blessings 56 The Community Sings 60 The Saint Helena Quartet 62 The Saint Helena Quartet Spirituals 54 64 FOUR Saint Helena’s Spirituals during the World Wars and Prohibition The World War I Songs 71 The Community Sings during World War II 78 The Prohibition Song Texts 81 Conclusion 85
vi Contents FIVE Saint Helena’s Spirituals during the Civil Rights Movement Guy Carawan and Highlander 87 The Carawans’ “Singfor Freedom” Workshops 91 Saint Helena Island Songs in Sing Out! and Broadside 100 SIX An Examination of Two Saint Helena Song Leaders Conclusion 113 Final Observations Appendix 114 117 Note on the Gullah Songbook rhythm 121 MELODY 122 SONG TEXTS 117 123 Gullah Songbook 124 SHOUTING SPIRITUALS ЅЕЕКШ’ SPIRITUALS CHRISTMAS SPIRITUALS I24 137 143 COMMUNION AND EASTER SPIRITUALS GENERAL USE SONGS Notes 179 Bibliography Index 231 203 154 I47 105 87
|
| adam_txt |
CONTENTS Acknowledgments Introduction vii і ONE The West African Song Tradition 13 Rowing Songs 13 Shouting Songs 24 TWO The Penn School 36 Penn School’s Founders 36 Penn School’s Patriotic Songs 40 Penn School’s Christmas Songs 42 Penn School’s Midwifery Program 45 Penn School’s Favorites 47 Penn School’s Chapel Services 49 THREE The Penn School Community Outreach Efforts The “We Class” 54 House Blessings 56 The Community Sings 60 The Saint Helena Quartet 62 The Saint Helena Quartet Spirituals 54 64 FOUR Saint Helena’s Spirituals during the World Wars and Prohibition The World War I Songs 71 The Community Sings during World War II 78 The Prohibition Song Texts 81 Conclusion 85
vi Contents FIVE Saint Helena’s Spirituals during the Civil Rights Movement Guy Carawan and Highlander 87 The Carawans’ “Singfor Freedom” Workshops 91 Saint Helena Island Songs in Sing Out! and Broadside 100 SIX An Examination of Two Saint Helena Song Leaders Conclusion 113 Final Observations Appendix 114 117 Note on the Gullah Songbook rhythm 121 MELODY 122 SONG TEXTS 117 123 Gullah Songbook 124 SHOUTING SPIRITUALS ЅЕЕКШ’ SPIRITUALS CHRISTMAS SPIRITUALS I24 137 143 COMMUNION AND EASTER SPIRITUALS GENERAL USE SONGS Notes 179 Bibliography Index 231 203 154 I47 105 87 |
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| author | Crawford, Eric Sean Crawford, Bessie Foster |
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| bvnumber | BV047399442 |
| contents | The West African Song Tradition -- The Penn School -- The Penn School Community Outreach Efforts -- Saint Helena's Spirituals during the World Wars and Prohibition -- Saint Helena's Spirituals during the Civil Rights Movement -- An Examination of Two Saint Helena Song Leaders |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1310255471 (DE-599)BVBBV047399442 |
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| spelling | Crawford, Eric Sean Verfasser (DE-588)1254817840 aut Gullah spirituals the sound of freedom and protest in the South Carolina sea islands Eric Sean Crawford with Bessie Foster Crawford Columbia, South Carolina the University of South Carolina Press [2021] vi, 238 Seiten Illustrationen, Notenbeispiele txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier The West African Song Tradition -- The Penn School -- The Penn School Community Outreach Efforts -- Saint Helena's Spirituals during the World Wars and Prohibition -- Saint Helena's Spirituals during the Civil Rights Movement -- An Examination of Two Saint Helena Song Leaders "Eric Sean Crawford, associate professor of music and director of the Joyner Institute for Gullah and African Diaspora Studies at Coastal Carolina University, examines the history and diffusion of Gullah spirituals, an important and at times overlooked aspect of Gullah culture in the Lowcountry and Sea Islands of South Carolina and Georgia. Crawford's work focuses primarily on the South Carolina sea island of St. Helena in Beaufort County. While much has been done to study, preserve, and interpret Gullah culture, Crawford writes, "the shouting and rowing songs, containing the strongest West African retentions, are mostly lost and forgotten. This book illuminates the remarkable history, survival, and influence of this island's music since the earliest recordings in the 1860s." While Crawford's focus may be the St. Helena spirituals, his study is not limited only to that one place. Instead he examines the diffusion and impact of the music and culture that emanated from this one small island community. He follows the Gullah spirituals through to the musical arrangements of the famed Hampton Singers and later shows how the songs served as a rallying point and cultural bridge, helping to build support for America's involvement in World War I and as a way of easing racial tensions both at home and abroad. He shows how patriotic texts and themes were added to the spirituals and helped to make them popular wartime songs. Hampton University folklorist Natalie Curtis, for example, used the melody from the St. Helena spiritual "Ride On, Jesus" in her wartime anthem "Hymn of Freedom," which was sung not only in churches of the time, but also to gatherings of American soldiers mobilizing for war. Part of the goal of the US Army in choosing the song was to build African American support for the war, and also ease racial tensions within the (still segregated) ranks. Later, civil rights activists in the 1950s and 60s would find their own spiritual and political uses for the songs, as many were rediscovered and disseminated throughout the country as protest songs. The songs were not reimagined as protest songs, but rather had always been, and Crawford traces this long trajectory "from their beginnings in West Africa and later oppression by white missionaries to their height as songs for social change and black identity in the twentieth century." Crawford--an ethnomusicologist by training--relies not only upon archival records, but also conducted his own fieldwork, personal recordings, and oral interviews to develop his understanding of St. Helena and its music. His work, however, diverges from these earlier studies in its attempt to tell the stories not only of the music, but also of the music makers. Gullah (DE-588)1024013200 gnd rswk-swf Negrospiritual (DE-588)4171413-1 gnd rswk-swf Georgia (DE-588)4020273-2 gnd rswk-swf South Carolina (DE-588)4055656-6 gnd rswk-swf Gullahs / Music / History and criticism Spirituals (Songs) / South Carolina / Saint Helena Island / History and criticism Spirituals (Songs) / Political aspects / United States Spirituals (Songs) South Carolina / Saint Helena Island United States Criticism, interpretation, etc South Carolina (DE-588)4055656-6 g Georgia (DE-588)4020273-2 g Gullah (DE-588)1024013200 s Negrospiritual (DE-588)4171413-1 s DE-604 Crawford, Bessie Foster Verfasser aut Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-64336-191-8 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032800583&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Crawford, Eric Sean Crawford, Bessie Foster Gullah spirituals the sound of freedom and protest in the South Carolina sea islands The West African Song Tradition -- The Penn School -- The Penn School Community Outreach Efforts -- Saint Helena's Spirituals during the World Wars and Prohibition -- Saint Helena's Spirituals during the Civil Rights Movement -- An Examination of Two Saint Helena Song Leaders Gullah (DE-588)1024013200 gnd Negrospiritual (DE-588)4171413-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)1024013200 (DE-588)4171413-1 (DE-588)4020273-2 (DE-588)4055656-6 |
| title | Gullah spirituals the sound of freedom and protest in the South Carolina sea islands |
| title_auth | Gullah spirituals the sound of freedom and protest in the South Carolina sea islands |
| title_exact_search | Gullah spirituals the sound of freedom and protest in the South Carolina sea islands |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Gullah spirituals the sound of freedom and protest in the South Carolina sea islands |
| title_full | Gullah spirituals the sound of freedom and protest in the South Carolina sea islands Eric Sean Crawford with Bessie Foster Crawford |
| title_fullStr | Gullah spirituals the sound of freedom and protest in the South Carolina sea islands Eric Sean Crawford with Bessie Foster Crawford |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gullah spirituals the sound of freedom and protest in the South Carolina sea islands Eric Sean Crawford with Bessie Foster Crawford |
| title_short | Gullah spirituals |
| title_sort | gullah spirituals the sound of freedom and protest in the south carolina sea islands |
| title_sub | the sound of freedom and protest in the South Carolina sea islands |
| topic | Gullah (DE-588)1024013200 gnd Negrospiritual (DE-588)4171413-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Gullah Negrospiritual Georgia South Carolina |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032800583&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT crawfordericsean gullahspiritualsthesoundoffreedomandprotestinthesouthcarolinaseaislands AT crawfordbessiefoster gullahspiritualsthesoundoffreedomandprotestinthesouthcarolinaseaislands |