The sense of mission in Russian foreign policy: destined for greatness!
"This book explores how far messianism, the conviction that Russia has a special historical destiny, is present in, and affects, Russian foreign policy. Based on extensive original research, including analysis of public statements, policy documents, and opinion polls, the book argues that a sen...
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| Format: | Buch |
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London ; New York
Routledge
2021
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| Schriftenreihe: | Routledge contemporary Russia and Eastern Europe series
94 |
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | "This book explores how far messianism, the conviction that Russia has a special historical destiny, is present in, and affects, Russian foreign policy. Based on extensive original research, including analysis of public statements, policy documents, and opinion polls, the book argues that a sense of mission is present in Russian foreign policy, that it is very similar in its nature to thinking about Russia's mission in Tsarist times, that the sense of mission matters more for Russia's elites than for Russia's masses, and that Russia's special mission is emphasised more when there are questions about the regime's legitimacy as well as great power status. Overall, the book demonstrates that a sense of mission is an important factor in Russian foreign policy"-- |
| Beschreibung: | x, 236 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9780367653248 9781003131588 |
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| adam_text | Contents Acknowledgements List of tables Introduction 1 Messianism as a socio-political phenomenon 1 The concept and typology of messianism 10 2 The characteristics ofthe historical development ofthe messianic idea 20 3 The sense ofmission in the national self-identification process 26 2 Mission in foreign policy 1 Identity andforeign policy 45 2 The concept ofmission 48 3 Mission: role-identity and ontological security 50 4 Mission: recognition and status ambitions 58 5 Mission in foreign policy: analytical categories 65 3 The sense of mission in Russia’s historical process of self-identification 1 Russia ’s mission: genealogy and the comparative perspective 72 2 The characteristics of the mission roles in the Russian intellectual tradition 87 3 Russia’s mission compared to other discourse in foreign policy after 1991 102 ix xi 1 10 45 72
viii 4 5 Contents Characteristics of the mission narrative in Russia’s foreign policy (2000-2018) 1 Method: how to sniff out mission 115 2 The contemporary mission narrative in Russia ’s foreign policy: a panoramic view 126 3 Who needs saving? From what? And how? Russia ’s mission viewed along analytical categories 144 The significance of mission narrative in Russia’s contemporary policy 1 Classification of the functions ofthe mission roles 168 2 Mission and identity 171 3 Mission and status 180 4 Mission and the legitimacy ofthe government 184 5 Mission: discourse of the elite or the mentality of society? 188 115 168 Conclusion 204 Bibliography Index 212 230
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Index Note: page numbers in bold indicate a table. Adler-Nissen, Rebecca 56, 57, 69n7, 70n24 Address of the Federal Assembly 121,122, 131-133,139-140, 143 Afanasyev, Aleksandr 89,91,95,96,99,101 Afghanistan 138-139, 185 Agaev, Rasim 91 Agursky, Mikhail 24 Aleksander I (Romanov) Alekseev, V.V. 6, 93, 95 Alexy I (Romanov) 73 Alexy II (Ridiger) 90, 99,113nl9 Allan, Bentley B. 45, 115,117-118 alternative to the West 88,88, 96-97, 151, 152 American Dream 83, 84 Anatolyevich, Teofanov 89 Anisin, Andrei 90 Antemurale Christianitatis 34, 83 apocalypse 21,23, 65-66,68, 95-96,100, 123,138,155,175, 207-208 Armitage, David 30-32, 34-35, 81 Arndt, Ernst Moritz 23 Astakhov, Evgeny 98 audience 9, 84, 124, 152, 183-185, 191, 193, 201n38 autobiographical narrative 6, 8, 52-57, 64-65, 98, 111, 114n40, 172, 183, 195, 207,211 auto-mission 65-67, 68, 82, 88, 99, 100, 133,135, 150,153-154, 156,169,170, 171,182-184,185,190, 208-209 Baehr, Stephen L. 73, 75, 76, 79, 81, 97 Bakunin, Mikhail 92 Barash, Raisa 196 Barkey, Karen 29, 43nl8 Barnett, Michael 50-51 Batalov, Eduard 2, 6, 11,43n5, 66, 73, 78-79, 83-85, 84, 87-88, 91-92, 96, 99, 106,112n5 Belarus 70n22,182 Ben-Gurion, David 16,25, 30 Berdyaev, Nikolay 15, 74,76, 85,90, 112n5, 127,135, 144 Berenskoetter, Felix 53, 71,171 Berlin, Isaiah 23, 38 Blok, Aleksander 98 bridge 5, 85,98, 103-104,128, 134, 144, 151-152,169,174-175,190, 194 bringer of balance 88,88, 94, 95,130, 134, 137, 144, 145,151,170, 176, 180 Bogonosets 75 Bokov, Mikhail 192-194 Bosnia and Herzegovina 63 Bourdieu, Pierre 31 Bouveng, Kerstin R. 6-7, 11,16, 66, 75, 79, 80,111-112,
117,168 British Empire 12, 23,31-32, 34, 114n34, 206 Browning, Christopher S. 55,157nl2 Bryachak, Mikhail 182 Bulgakov, Sergei 74 Bull, Hedley 37, 112n2 Buntilov, Georgy 85, 86 Byzantium 31, 35, 73, 89, 90, 95-96, 142, 147, 173-175 Campbell, David 45 Canrong, Jin 86 Carleton, Gregory 6, 83, 138, 160n67 Carson, James Taylor 36 Čamogurský, Ján 197 Casula, Philipp 104, 114ո37 Chaadaev, Pyotr 92, 96 Central Asia 149, 172 Chaplin, Vsevolod 95 Chaudet, Didier 28, 83 Cherepanova, Rozaliya 12 Chemobrov, Dmitry 51, 52, 54, 56, 69n3
Index China 5, 9, 67, 80, 86-87, 96, 107, 113nl7, 132, 149,156, 176, 181, 189, 206, 210 Chizhov, Vladimir 148 chosen nation 12, 13, 17, 22, 24-27, 31, 65, 85, 180,205 Chosen One 3, 11,17,18,19, 20, 43n5, 49, 65, 90 Christianity 6, 12-14,19-24, 26, 30, 34, 42n2, 76, 88, 96,141, 162n90 Chubais, Anatoly 99 Chubays, Igor 6 civilisation 5, 32, 39, 41, 57, 66, 78, 80, 86, 88, 90-92, 94-95, 97-100, 109-111, 114n44, 120, 133, 135-137, 139-140,142,144,146, 148-152, 154-156, 166ПІ47,169-171, 173-178, 180-182,184,194, 208-209 “civilising” missions 169, 171 clash of civilisations 151, 155 Class, James 13,15, 19, 39,43nl5, 81, 162n90 Clement V (Pope) 43nl2 closing ranks (function) 66, 68, 168, 170, 208 Chinan, Anna 61, 106, 107, 113n22, 131,185 Colin, Guillaume 116 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 62,119,122 compensation (function) 63,68, 78, 80, 168-170,170,181,189, 208 Conklin, Alice L. 35, 41 contributor to world civilisation 144, 150, 151,151, 152,154,170,180,175 creator of ajust order 88, 91, 92, 94, 99, 100,151 Crimea 2, 3, 56,94, 98,109,124,125, 131, 135, 141,148,176,177,187, 188, 189,196 critical situation 54, 64,172 Cromwell, Oliver 31 crusader exceptionalism (‘crusader’) 36 cultural allies 65, 70nl8, 97, 146, 147 custodian ofEurope 88, 97,100,144,148, 153, 155,156,169,176,182,208 Danilevsky, Nikolay 76, 90, 92,98, 102, 127 defender ofthe faith and values 88, 90 Degtyarev, Mikhail 151 Denisov, Andrei I. 144-145 Denisov, Semion 89 Derrida, Jacques 6, 26 van Dijk, Teun 116 Diligensky, German 188 231 discourse analysis 4,116,122 discursive fit 194, 195 Dostoyevsky, Fyodor
92, 98, 100,102, 112n5, 127,147,179 Dubin, Boris 39, 66, 75, 79-81, 112n7, 168, 188 Dugin, Aleksandr 91, 95, 99,113n25, ИЗпЗО Duncan, Peter 6, 7,15, 24, 72, 75, 87 Ejdus, Filip 54, 69n2, 79 empire 1, 10,12, 16,18, 20, 23, 27-29, 34, 37, 42, 56, 72-74, 77, 85, 93, 98, 100, 105,114n34, 114n36,126,139, 151,173,191,198,205-206 Engström, Maria 6, 90, 102,109, ИЗпЗО “entrusted” (with the mission) 11,13, 17, 18,19, 20,22, 27, 54, 65, 66, 68, 75, 76, 83, 85, 88-91, 100, 123,138, 147, 153, 154, 205 EU 107, 148,175,177,187, 188, 207 Eurasia 57, 88, 88, 98-100,103,130, 135, 144, 145,149-156,151, 165nl26, 170-176,181-182,194,209 Eurasian power 180, 181 Europe 20-23, 30, 34, 65, 80, 83, 97,138, 144, 148, 153,174-175,179 exceptionalism 2-3, 5-6, 8, 12-13,18, 27,29-32, 36-38, 41, 44n31, 47-49, 50, 55, 69n8, 78-80, 83-87, 91, 97, 100-101,103, 109-110, 112nnll֊12, 120, 138,140-141, 154-155, 177-181, 200n30, 201n38, 206, 210 exceptionalist foreign policy 47-50 exclusive messianism 18, 19 Falcon, Isabelle 61, 109 Falser, Michael 34 falsifiers of history 155 Fedyashin, Anton 18, 24, 36, 82, 85 Fichte, Johann Gottlieb 23-24 Filatov, Mikhail V. 15, 73, 76, 77 Foreign Policy Concept of the Russian Federation 119,122, 132, 148 Fradkov, Mikhail 122 France 7, 12,17, 22, 24, 26, 30-31, 35, 43nl2, 43n21, 47-48, 67, 80-81, 114n34, 161n83,189, 205-206 French Revolution 14, 23, 43nl3 function of mission 63,66, 67, 77 Gagarin, Yury 154 Giddens, Anthony 51, 54 Gilmore, Jason 84 Georgia 3, 70n20, 104, 107, 140, 134, 152, 176,177, 182, 185,186,187, 196, 198
232 Index German Romantic era 23, 38,42 Glazyev, Sergei 103 God-bearer 75, 79, 84, 88, 120 Gorbachev, Mikhail 18, 25, 63, 85, 87, 96 Gorshkov, Mikhail 189-191, 202n64 Great Britain 32, 36, 55 Greenfeld, Liah 38,40, 43n22, 202n68 Greisiger, Lutz 10 Grigory, Vasily 98 Gromyko, Yury 92 Gronsky, Aleksandr 191 guardian ofjustice 129, 135, 144-146, 151-152,156, 170,175-176,180-181, 194, 208 Guariglia, Guglielmo 15 Gudkov, Lev 39, 66, 79, 81,160n60, 168, 189 Habsburg Monarchy 34, 35 Hall, Rodney Bruce 37 von Hardenberg, Friedrich (Novalis) 23 Harnisch, Sebastian 7,44n26, 45-46, 50, 53-54 Herder, Johann Gottfried 23 Herman, Robert G. 40 van Herpen, Marcel H. 6,110 Herzen, Alexander 92, 100 historical fitness 106, 114n41, 195 Hölderlin, Christian Friedrich 23 Holsti, Kalevi J. 27, 47-50, 67, 81-82, 89, 95-96, 100, 113nl8 Holy Rus 75, 110, 111, 121, 142 Holzscheiter, Anna 115 Hopf, Ted 4, 45, 62, 97, 104-106, 113nl7, 114ո38, 114ո39, 115, 117-118, 171, 195 Humphreys, Brendan 13,27, 41, 43ո8, 44ոՅ 1, 49, 202ո52 Hutchinson, William 6, 12, 13 idealism 100-102, 140, 141, 152, 211 Idei, Moshe 10 Ilyin, Mikhail V. 73 imperialism 6,16, 23,27, 29, 31-33, 36, 37, 42, 56, 77, 81, 97, 99, 100, 105, 121,137, 152, 155-156, 177,178,180, 205-206 imperial syndrome 40 inclusive messianism 18 India 5, 67, 87,112nl6, 132, 142, 181, 206 intermediary between civilisations 88, 90, 100 Israel 13, 25, 29, 75, 76, 89, 206 Ivanov, Igor 94,128,162n94 Ivanov, Vyacheslav 74 Izborsk Club 93, 113n25 Jackson, Nicole J. 103-104 Japan 37, 50, 56, 57, 85,132,189,206 Jedliński, Marek 15, 100, 109 Joachim of Fiore 21,
22,24 Joenniemi, Pertti 55 Judaism 12, 14, 20,21, 22, 55 justice 19-21,23-24, 26, 29, 43n6, 43nl8, 83-84, 86, 89, 92-94, 98-99, 101, 133-137, 140-141, 144-146,152, 156,170,175-176, 180-181, 194-198, 207-208,210-211 Kagan, Robert 36-37 Karamyshev, Sergei 96 Karamzin, Nikolai 90 Kasamara, Valeria 189,190 Kashin, Vladimir 146 Kassianova, Alla 103, 108 Kasyanov, Mikhail 122 Katechon 90, 95, 109 Kaufman, Konstantin 98 Kazin, Aleksandr 89, 96 keeper of historical truth 144, 150,152, 154,156, 169 keywords 5, 116, 120-122 Kholmogorov, Egor 95, 165nl26 Khristenko, Viktor 122 Kirdyashkin, Anatoly 89, 90, 96 Kireyevsky, Ivan 88 Kurili (Gundyaev) 93, 98,147, 154, 163nl05 Kocherov, Sergei 21, 72, 85, 91-94, 96, 112nl4 Kohn, Hans 6,43nl4, 73 Kokoity, Eduard 198 Komarova, Natalya 150 Korchagin, Yury 147 Kortunov, Sergei 6, 92, 96,101 Kosolapov, Nikolai 96-97, 102 Kotkin, Stephen 2, 73 Kozlov, Dmitry 93, 196 Kozyrev, Andrei 103, 106, 114n37 Królikowski, Alánná 51,195 Kruponov, Yury 92 Kselman, Thomas 17 Kumar, Krishan 23, 31-34, 66, 205 Kurginyan, Sergei 93, 95-96, 99-101, 114n36 Kushnir, Ostap 6, 43n7, 72,109,110 Laing, Ronald D. 51 Laitin, David 115 Lantemari, Vittorio 11,12, 43 Larson, Deborah Welch 7, 51, 52, 60, 61, 63, 64, 69n4, 70n23, 94, 169 Lashchenova, Eva 40
Index Lavrov, Sergei 1,122, 126,128,130, 142, 143,145,148-149, 154, 159ո40, 171, 173,174, 178, 179, 183,200ո30 de Lazaři, Andrzej 13, 16, 73, 75 leader identity 175 leader ofEurasia 88, 98-100,151 Lebed, Aleksandr 103 Lebow, Richard Ned 45, 56, 58, 77 legitimacy 8, 10,13, 22, 31, 42, 43nl8, 60, 63, 68, 69, 70n21, 81, 84, 106, 112nl2, 124,125, 171,176, 184, 185, 195,196, 205-210 legitimisation (fuction) 105, 168, 169,170, 205 Lehman, Hartmut 177,186 Lenin, Vladimir 24, 92 Leontiev, Konstantin 89, 95 Levada Center 188 ‘liberal empire’ 99, 100 liberty 14, 34, 36, 81-83, 99,133,137, 173 Lieven, Dominic 28 Likhachev, Dmitry 103 Loefflman,, Georg 84 Longley, Clifford 22-23, 31, 34, 43nl9, 80, 81 Lossky, Nikolay 74, 76, 92 Lukyanov, Fedor 9 Lupovici, Amir 51, 71n27 major power 40, 61, 63-65, 68, 79, 81, 82, 86, 97,100,102-107, 121, 129, 131, 142,189,211 Makarychev, Andrei 91, 106, 107, 183 maker of russkiy mir 130, 144, 147,151, 152-153, 169,170, 174-175 Malone, Christopher 80, 85 Massaka, Iwona 6,15, 87 McDaniel, Tim 78, 112n5, 132 McDougall, Walter 36 Messiah 10,11, 12, 14,15, 21, 24, 76, 86,89 messianic nationalism 13, 15 “messianisation” 2, 78, 93 Merezhovsky, Dmitry 74 Middle East 20, 98, 147, 153, 176, 195 Miller, Aleksey 9, 44n27 Milliken, Jennifer 116, 117 Ministry of Foreign Affairs 4, 118,119, 121-123, 126-128, 147-150, 155 missionary nationalism 23, 33-34, 205 mission civilisatrice (civilising mission) 35 mission in Eurasia 130, 144, 149, 151-153,151,155,170, 171, 175,176, 181-182,194, 209 missionism3, 7, 13, 15-16,19, 39, 73, 111,205 233 missionist exceptionalism
13,27, 49 mission narrative 2, 4-6, 8-9, 50, 52-53, 55-58, 62-69, 72, 77, 79-82, 87, 100, 102-103,110,117-119, 122-124, 126-127,128, 132, 137-138,140-144, 147-148,152-156, 168-173, 177, 179-185,188,190-191, 194-197, 202n52, 202n65,205-211 mission role 3, 50, 88, 91, 95, 96, 119, 128,147-148,169,175,182,194 mission text 119, 123 Mitosek, Zofia 20, 21, 24, 26 Mitzen, Jennifer 7, 51-55, 69n4,183 mobilisation (function) 25, 66, 68, 168,170 moderator of dialogue 90,130, 137, 144, 151,153, 170,170, 174, 175 modernisation of Russia 130, 144,150, 151,154,156,169, 170-171,170, 184, 185,208 Molotkov, Aleksandr 89, 94 “moral” missions 169, 175, 199n6 moral superiority 3, 5,48, 49, 64, 65, 79, 82-87, 97, 101,103, 105, 107, 114n34, 119, 123,140,152,170,175,180,181, 190,195, 204, 208,211 Morozov, Viatcheslav 8, 57,61, 77, 91, 97, 179, 201n41 Moscow as the Third Rome 72 Moscow Patriarchate 110 Müller, Martin 107 multiethnic/multifaith identity 173-175 Murvar, Vatro 6, 17, 19, 24, 43n4, 76-78 Nabers, Dirk 7, 46, 47 Narochnitskaya, Natalya 113n25 Narozhna, Tanja 52, 53, 107-108,195 narrative routine 55, 57, 63 national idea 13, 78, 96, 99,120, 129, 130-134, 138, 144,150, 159n24, 168, 171, 180,182-183,197,210 national messianism 13, 15, 39 NATO 4, 118, 131, 155, 175, 176,177, 184,186,188, 207 Nayak, Meghana V. 80, 85 “near abroad” 41, 44n30, 63, 99,103-106, 176,185 Neumann, Iver 8, 24, 61, 75, 88, 92, 95, 97-99, 103-104 Nevzorov, Aleksandr 89, 103 Niebuhr, Reinhold 2, 11, 13, 23, 24, 28, 36, 44n29 Nikiforov, Andrei 94-96 Nikitinov, Vladimir 147 Nikon (Patriarch) 73 non-messianic
exceptionalism 86, 87, 206
234 Index normal (country) identity 103,105, 157nl2, 174 Novenson, Matthew V. 10,11 object of mission 146,184 Obolonsky, Aleksandr 44n25, 79, 92, 95, 98, 112n7 Odoevsky, Vladimir 97 Ohana, David 6, 16, 17, 20, 21, 25, 42n3, 55, 66, 92 Omelicheva, Maria 108 ontological security 7, 41, 47, 50-61, 64-68, 69n4, 79, 80, 87, 97,107,108, 172, 173, 177, 185, 190,206-210 Ordzhonikidze, Maria 188 Organisation of Islamic Cooperation 4, 121, 153, 174 Orthodox nations 98,100, 166nl47 Orthodoxy 75-76, 83, 88-90, 94, 98, 100-101 Oskanian, Kevork K. 41, 44nn30-31, 62-63, 82, 149, 167nl62,209 Østbø, Jardar 6, 95,99, 101, 112n3 Ostrovsky, Efim 92 Ottoman Empire 34, 37, 56, 97-98,198 Ovchinnikov, Vsevolod 91 Pagden, Anthony 23, 30-31, 43nl9 Pain, Emil 30, 31, 34, 39, 40, 44n28, 66, 75, 79, 80, 126, 147, 168, 188, 194, 195, 206 Panarin, Aleksandr 93, 96 Parmentier, Florent 28 partner 57, 61, 67, 80, 87, 94, 97, 98, 99, 106, 107,131, 136,172,176,180-181, 194 Pastukhov, Vladimir 17, 75, 78,188,190, 202n60 pathos of empire 78, 84, 106 patron ofits kin 88, 88, 97, 98,130,151, 153,170 Pavlovlsky, Gleb 92 Pelopidas, Benoit 28 Peter the Great 40, 73, 76 Petrov, Yury 145 Petukhov, Vladimir 188-190, 196, 202n64 phantom messianism 172, 206, 211 Philip the Fair 22 Philotheus of Pskov (monk) 72 Poe, Marshall T. 74 Pogodin, Mikhail 98, 114n34 Poland 5, 7,13, 63, 81-83,152,186, 206 political messianism 14, 17, 36,47 Ponarin, Eduard 194 Popov, Veniamin 174 Porter, Bruce D. 104 Pozdnyakov, Elgiz 91 preserving Russian civilisation 144, 150, 154,156,169,170,170,171,174,184, 185,208 Primakov, Evgeny 107, 114n37
progressive messianism 17 Project Russia 89, 93, 95-96 Prokhanov, Aleksandr 113n25 Promethean messianism 16, 17, 18, 25, 30,82 Prometheism 82 provider 144,150,152,171 PryamayaLiniya7, 111, 121, 140, 141, 191,192 Putin, Vladimir 1, 7, 107,108,110-111, 114n42,118,122,125,126,128, 130-132, 134-135,139-145, 148-150, 155, 156n2, 157nl2, 159n21, 174,178-180, 182-183,193,197, 200n30,202n69, 210 Raboteau, Albert J. 18 Rasputin, Valentin 103 reactionary messianism 8, 17,18 reactionary modernisation 37 recognition 8,37,55-64,67,70nll, 70nl9, 77,87,97,100,106-107,131,134,170, 175,177,181-183,185,194,198,208-210 resentment 37, 38, 57, 79, 80,194,196, 203n69 respect 58, 121, 180, 181 Restad, Hilde Eliassen 6, 27, 35, 36, 37, 80 restorative messianism 21 revolutionary messianism 17,24, 42, 43η 16, 78 Richter, James 103 Ringmar, Erik 52, 59, 67, 70nl9 Roberts, Kari 109-110 role-identity 7-8, 47, 50, 51, 54, 57, 66, 68,107, 115, 168, 206 Roman Empire 30, 31, 34, 36, 38, 42,205 Romanov, Igor 73, 98,99 Romanowski, Dymitr 6, 13, 72, 73, 75, 88, 89, 90, 92, 99 Rorty, Richard 26 Rowley, David G. 15,17, 29,32, 39, 40, 42nl, 66, 75, 77 Rozanov, Oleg 93-96, 98, 99, 101,113ո25 Russian elite 6, 9,62, 76, 79, 106, 113ո22, 172, 180, 183, 191, 194, 195, 200ոՅ, 211 Russian Empire 1, 28,34, 39,41, 44ո26, 56, 61, 70ո23, 73, 76-77, 82, 87, 89, 93, 97-98, 102, 114ո34, 130, 134, 139, 149, 170-171, 173, 181, 207-208
Index Russian Idea 78-79, 83, 84, 92, 93, 100, 101,112ո5, 112ո7,120, 159ո24 Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) 29, 98, 100, 109, 121, 130, 153, 154, 166nl47, 172, 173,192-193, 202ո65 russkiy mir 62, 65, 92, 97-98, 100, 120, 130,130, 134, 136, 140-141,144, 147-148, 152-155,153, 164nll8, 169, 170,174,175, 191 Russophobia 155-156, 174 Ryabov, Oleg 75 Ryabov, Tatiana 75 Sarkisjanz, Emanuel 6, 77,96-100, 112n7 Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph 23 Schlegel, Karl Wilhelm Friedrich 23 Schleiermacher, Friedrich 23 Schmidt, Vivien A. 124 Scholem, Gershom 16 Second World War 20,36,39,40,44n24, 70nl9,96,99,124,128-129,137-142, 145,154-156,160n60,169,172,174,176 sectoral power 180-181 self-identification (function) 6, 8, 12, 26, 27, 31, 34, 38, 40, 42, 45,46, 50, 51, 66, 68, 80, 90, 97, 106,107,123,168-171, 175-171, 182,194-195, 205,208 self-preservation 88, 99, 100 self-sacrifice 20,43n8, 49, 82, 91, 100-102,141-142, 152, 196, 209 semi-peripheral country 62 Serbian, 63,104,131,146,176, 188 Shafarevich, Igor 103 Shafer, Byron E. 27 Shamanov, Vladimir 138, 144,146 Shchedrovitsky, Pyotr 92 Shevchenko, Aleksei 60-64, 70n23, 94, 169 Shevyryov, Stepan 92, 97, 99 shield 88, 90, 94-97,100,104, 109,128, 129, 134, 135, 138, 144-146,151-152, 170, 175, 176, 180-181, 194, 207-208 shield bearer exceptionalism 207 Sibilyev, Viktor 147 Šiljak, Ana 74, 76, 197 Slavic nation (Slavs) 136,137,172 Smith, Anthony D. 2,11, 26-27, 43nl7, 61,91, 114n42 Snyder, Jack 28 Sobieski, John III 83 Social Identity Theory (SIT) 60-61, 64, 107, 181, 209 social messianism 2,17, 76 Söderlind, Sylvia 36 Sokolov, Boris 194 235
Solovyov, Vladimir 74, 76, 88, 89,102 Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr 99, 103, 114n37, 133,134 Sonderweg (special path) 44n28, 72, 77 Sorokina, Anna 189, 190 source of mission 66,154 sovereign 46,104,110,134-136, 169, 179-181, 194, 206 Soviet Union, USSR 1, 24, 41, 61, 64, 67, 70nl9, 77, 90, 97,105, 108, 129,134, 143,152,179, 180,190, 209 Spain 30, 31,34,80,147, 206 Spechler, Dina Rome 104 Stankevich, Sergei 90-91, 95, 101,102 state-civilisation 135,173, 174 State Duma 4, 70n21,119,121,127,129, 180, 184,210 status 1, 5, 7-8, 33-34, 37-38,40-42, 43n21, 44n26,47, 49, 52, 58-68, 69n9, 70nl4, 80-82, 87, 94, 97, 99-100, 102,104-107, 114nn41-42, 123, 128, 131-132,142, 149, 152, 154,169-172, 174-175, 177,180-183, 185, 188-191, 194-196, 205-210 status anxiety 59-60, 67 status inconsistency 60-64, 183, 207-209 Steele, Brent J. 51-53, 114n40 Stepun, Fyodor 88 stigmatisation 37, 56-57, 69n7, 80 Storchak, Vladimir 6, 11, 12, 15-16, 72-73, 87-88,101 “strategic” missions 169-171, 175, 208 Strayer, Joseph R. 22, 43nl2 Subotič, Jelena 53, 54, 64,117, 195, 202ո66 Sullivan, Kate 87, 112nl6 Suny, Ronald Grigor 28, 39 Surguladze, Vakhtang 1, 6, 15, 16,18, 24, 28, 72, 73, 87-88,109 Surkov, Vladislav 6, 94, 101, 102 Suslov, Mikhail 6, 92,110, 111 Svenungsson, Jayne 6, 16,19-24, 43n8, 43nl0, 55, 92 Syria 3, 25, 98, 138, 139, 153,177,187 Szporluk, Roman 74 Talmon, Jakub 6, 10,14, 25, 49 Tarusta, Mikhail 191,192 Teieško, Werner 34-35 theory of the Chinese Gospel 86 Thornton, Archibald Paton 27, 43n20, 56 Thorun, Christian 104, 105 Tikhonova, Natalya 83, 84, 93,196, 197 time orientation of mission 65
Tishkov, Valery 2, 82, 98, 99
236 Index Tkachev, Pyotr 92 Tolz, Vera 103 Toynbee, Arnold 73 Travin, Dmitry 44n25, 68, 79, 93, 112nl3, 168, 185, 191 triumphalist messianism 17, 20 Trubetskoy, Evgeny 85 Trubetskoy, Nikolai 85 Tsygankov, Andrei 61, 62, 65, 70nl8, 97, 146-147 Tsymbursky, Vadim 99 type of mission 66, 99,181 Tyutchev, Fyodor 95 Ujejski, Józef 17 Ukraine 3, 70n20, 98,125,152,159n30, 176,177, 182,186,187, 189 United Nations (UN) 118, 140 universalism 3, 5,14,19, 20, 29, 30, 40, 41, 43n21,48, 49, 65, 87, 94,113n27, 114n44, 119, 123, 140, 142, 204 USA 6, 7, 12, 24,25, 29, 36, 47, 48, 65, 67, 70nl2, 80-85, 95, 97, 104, 105, 107, 110, 131-132, 146, 172, 173, 175, 177, 181,184,188, 189, 191, 206, 207 Uvarov, Sergei 90, 98 Valdai Club 62,121,131, 173,192, 193, 197 Vasily III 98 vector of mission 153,153 Walicki, Andrzej 2, 6, 10, 11, 13-15, 23-24, 63, 81, 87 Ward, W.R. 18 Wawrzynowicz, Andrzej 12,17,19,43n8, 63,66 Wendt, Alexander 45, 47, 58 Werblowsky, R.J. Zwi 2, 6, 10, 11, 16, 20,21 West 4, 6, 8-9, 24, 35, 37,41, 44n31, 56-57, 61-62, 64-65, 67, 74, 78, 80, 85-88, 90-91, 94-97, 99-101, 103-107,110-111,113n22, 130-131, 135,137, 144-146,148,150,152, 155, 168-169,172-177,179-182,185, 188-191,193-194, 197, 207-208, 210 Wilsey, John 36 Wilson, Jeanne L. 24, 62, 86 Wolf, Judith 11, 38, 58, 59 Wolf, Reinhard 38, 58, 59 world leader 180-181 World Russian People’s Council 90, 119, 121, 147,153, 183 Yakovenko, Aleksandr 150 Yarovaya, Irina 150 Yeltsin, Boris 4, 68, 90, 133-135,159n32 Yoann (Snychev) 90, 99, 113n28 Yugoslavia 62, 89, 98,113nl7, 131, 188 Yurevich, Andrei 66, 75, 112n4,168 Yushchenko, Aleksandr
146 Zarakol, Ayşe 7, 8, 37, 38,40,44n24, 50-53, 56-58, 69n6, 69n9, 77, 85, 185 Zhirinovsky, Vladimir 101,103 Zhuravlyov, Anatoly 66, 75, 112n4, 168 Zubkov, Viktor 122 Zubytska, Lidiya 108 Zyuganov, Gennady 103
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Contents Acknowledgements List of tables Introduction 1 Messianism as a socio-political phenomenon 1 The concept and typology of messianism 10 2 The characteristics ofthe historical development ofthe messianic idea 20 3 The sense ofmission in the national self-identification process 26 2 Mission in foreign policy 1 Identity andforeign policy 45 2 The concept ofmission 48 3 Mission: role-identity and ontological security 50 4 Mission: recognition and status ambitions 58 5 Mission in foreign policy: analytical categories 65 3 The sense of mission in Russia’s historical process of self-identification 1 Russia ’s mission: genealogy and the comparative perspective 72 2 The characteristics of the mission roles in the Russian intellectual tradition 87 3 Russia’s mission compared to other discourse in foreign policy after 1991 102 ix xi 1 10 45 72
viii 4 5 Contents Characteristics of the mission narrative in Russia’s foreign policy (2000-2018) 1 Method: how to sniff out mission 115 2 The contemporary mission narrative in Russia ’s foreign policy: a panoramic view 126 3 Who needs saving? From what? And how? Russia ’s mission viewed along analytical categories 144 The significance of mission narrative in Russia’s contemporary policy 1 Classification of the functions ofthe mission roles 168 2 Mission and identity 171 3 Mission and status 180 4 Mission and the legitimacy ofthe government 184 5 Mission: discourse of the elite or the mentality of society? 188 115 168 Conclusion 204 Bibliography Index 212 230
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Index Note: page numbers in bold indicate a table. Adler-Nissen, Rebecca 56, 57, 69n7, 70n24 Address of the Federal Assembly 121,122, 131-133,139-140, 143 Afanasyev, Aleksandr 89,91,95,96,99,101 Afghanistan 138-139, 185 Agaev, Rasim 91 Agursky, Mikhail 24 Aleksander I (Romanov) Alekseev, V.V. 6, 93, 95 Alexy I (Romanov) 73 Alexy II (Ridiger) 90, 99,113nl9 Allan, Bentley B. 45, 115,117-118 alternative to the West 88,88, 96-97, 151, 152 American Dream 83, 84 Anatolyevich, Teofanov 89 Anisin, Andrei 90 Antemurale Christianitatis 34, 83 apocalypse 21,23, 65-66,68, 95-96,100, 123,138,155,175, 207-208 Armitage, David 30-32, 34-35, 81 Arndt, Ernst Moritz 23 Astakhov, Evgeny 98 audience 9, 84, 124, 152, 183-185, 191, 193, 201n38 autobiographical narrative 6, 8, 52-57, 64-65, 98, 111, 114n40, 172, 183, 195, 207,211 auto-mission 65-67, 68, 82, 88, 99, 100, 133,135, 150,153-154, 156,169,170, 171,182-184,185,190, 208-209 Baehr, Stephen L. 73, 75, 76, 79, 81, 97 Bakunin, Mikhail 92 Barash, Raisa 196 Barkey, Karen 29, 43nl8 Barnett, Michael 50-51 Batalov, Eduard 2, 6, 11,43n5, 66, 73, 78-79, 83-85, 84, 87-88, 91-92, 96, 99, 106,112n5 Belarus 70n22,182 Ben-Gurion, David 16,25, 30 Berdyaev, Nikolay 15, 74,76, 85,90, 112n5, 127,135, 144 Berenskoetter, Felix 53, 71,171 Berlin, Isaiah 23, 38 Blok, Aleksander 98 bridge 5, 85,98, 103-104,128, 134, 144, 151-152,169,174-175,190, 194 bringer of balance 88,88, 94, 95,130, 134, 137, 144, 145,151,170, 176, 180 Bogonosets 75 Bokov, Mikhail 192-194 Bosnia and Herzegovina 63 Bourdieu, Pierre 31 Bouveng, Kerstin R. 6-7, 11,16, 66, 75, 79, 80,111-112,
117,168 British Empire 12, 23,31-32, 34, 114n34, 206 Browning, Christopher S. 55,157nl2 Bryachak, Mikhail 182 Bulgakov, Sergei 74 Bull, Hedley 37, 112n2 Buntilov, Georgy 85, 86 Byzantium 31, 35, 73, 89, 90, 95-96, 142, 147, 173-175 Campbell, David 45 Canrong, Jin 86 Carleton, Gregory 6, 83, 138, 160n67 Carson, James Taylor 36 Čamogurský, Ján 197 Casula, Philipp 104, 114ո37 Chaadaev, Pyotr 92, 96 Central Asia 149, 172 Chaplin, Vsevolod 95 Chaudet, Didier 28, 83 Cherepanova, Rozaliya 12 Chemobrov, Dmitry 51, 52, 54, 56, 69n3
Index China 5, 9, 67, 80, 86-87, 96, 107, 113nl7, 132, 149,156, 176, 181, 189, 206, 210 Chizhov, Vladimir 148 chosen nation 12, 13, 17, 22, 24-27, 31, 65, 85, 180,205 Chosen One 3, 11,17,18,19, 20, 43n5, 49, 65, 90 Christianity 6, 12-14,19-24, 26, 30, 34, 42n2, 76, 88, 96,141, 162n90 Chubais, Anatoly 99 Chubays, Igor 6 civilisation 5, 32, 39, 41, 57, 66, 78, 80, 86, 88, 90-92, 94-95, 97-100, 109-111, 114n44, 120, 133, 135-137, 139-140,142,144,146, 148-152, 154-156, 166ПІ47,169-171, 173-178, 180-182,184,194, 208-209 “civilising” missions 169, 171 clash of civilisations 151, 155 Class, James 13,15, 19, 39,43nl5, 81, 162n90 Clement V (Pope) 43nl2 closing ranks (function) 66, 68, 168, 170, 208 Chinan, Anna 61, 106, 107, 113n22, 131,185 Colin, Guillaume 116 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 62,119,122 compensation (function) 63,68, 78, 80, 168-170,170,181,189, 208 Conklin, Alice L. 35, 41 contributor to world civilisation 144, 150, 151,151, 152,154,170,180,175 creator of ajust order 88, 91, 92, 94, 99, 100,151 Crimea 2, 3, 56,94, 98,109,124,125, 131, 135, 141,148,176,177,187, 188, 189,196 critical situation 54, 64,172 Cromwell, Oliver 31 crusader exceptionalism (‘crusader’) 36 cultural allies 65, 70nl8, 97, 146, 147 custodian ofEurope 88, 97,100,144,148, 153, 155,156,169,176,182,208 Danilevsky, Nikolay 76, 90, 92,98, 102, 127 defender ofthe faith and values 88, 90 Degtyarev, Mikhail 151 Denisov, Andrei I. 144-145 Denisov, Semion 89 Derrida, Jacques 6, 26 van Dijk, Teun 116 Diligensky, German 188 231 discourse analysis 4,116,122 discursive fit 194, 195 Dostoyevsky, Fyodor
92, 98, 100,102, 112n5, 127,147,179 Dubin, Boris 39, 66, 75, 79-81, 112n7, 168, 188 Dugin, Aleksandr 91, 95, 99,113n25, ИЗпЗО Duncan, Peter 6, 7,15, 24, 72, 75, 87 Ejdus, Filip 54, 69n2, 79 empire 1, 10,12, 16,18, 20, 23, 27-29, 34, 37, 42, 56, 72-74, 77, 85, 93, 98, 100, 105,114n34, 114n36,126,139, 151,173,191,198,205-206 Engström, Maria 6, 90, 102,109, ИЗпЗО “entrusted” (with the mission) 11,13, 17, 18,19, 20,22, 27, 54, 65, 66, 68, 75, 76, 83, 85, 88-91, 100, 123,138, 147, 153, 154, 205 EU 107, 148,175,177,187, 188, 207 Eurasia 57, 88, 88, 98-100,103,130, 135, 144, 145,149-156,151, 165nl26, 170-176,181-182,194,209 Eurasian power 180, 181 Europe 20-23, 30, 34, 65, 80, 83, 97,138, 144, 148, 153,174-175,179 exceptionalism 2-3, 5-6, 8, 12-13,18, 27,29-32, 36-38, 41, 44n31, 47-49, 50, 55, 69n8, 78-80, 83-87, 91, 97, 100-101,103, 109-110, 112nnll֊12, 120, 138,140-141, 154-155, 177-181, 200n30, 201n38, 206, 210 exceptionalist foreign policy 47-50 exclusive messianism 18, 19 Falcon, Isabelle 61, 109 Falser, Michael 34 falsifiers of history 155 Fedyashin, Anton 18, 24, 36, 82, 85 Fichte, Johann Gottlieb 23-24 Filatov, Mikhail V. 15, 73, 76, 77 Foreign Policy Concept of the Russian Federation 119,122, 132, 148 Fradkov, Mikhail 122 France 7, 12,17, 22, 24, 26, 30-31, 35, 43nl2, 43n21, 47-48, 67, 80-81, 114n34, 161n83,189, 205-206 French Revolution 14, 23, 43nl3 function of mission 63,66, 67, 77 Gagarin, Yury 154 Giddens, Anthony 51, 54 Gilmore, Jason 84 Georgia 3, 70n20, 104, 107, 140, 134, 152, 176,177, 182, 185,186,187, 196, 198
232 Index German Romantic era 23, 38,42 Glazyev, Sergei 103 God-bearer 75, 79, 84, 88, 120 Gorbachev, Mikhail 18, 25, 63, 85, 87, 96 Gorshkov, Mikhail 189-191, 202n64 Great Britain 32, 36, 55 Greenfeld, Liah 38,40, 43n22, 202n68 Greisiger, Lutz 10 Grigory, Vasily 98 Gromyko, Yury 92 Gronsky, Aleksandr 191 guardian ofjustice 129, 135, 144-146, 151-152,156, 170,175-176,180-181, 194, 208 Guariglia, Guglielmo 15 Gudkov, Lev 39, 66, 79, 81,160n60, 168, 189 Habsburg Monarchy 34, 35 Hall, Rodney Bruce 37 von Hardenberg, Friedrich (Novalis) 23 Harnisch, Sebastian 7,44n26, 45-46, 50, 53-54 Herder, Johann Gottfried 23 Herman, Robert G. 40 van Herpen, Marcel H. 6,110 Herzen, Alexander 92, 100 historical fitness 106, 114n41, 195 Hölderlin, Christian Friedrich 23 Holsti, Kalevi J. 27, 47-50, 67, 81-82, 89, 95-96, 100, 113nl8 Holy Rus 75, 110, 111, 121, 142 Holzscheiter, Anna 115 Hopf, Ted 4, 45, 62, 97, 104-106, 113nl7, 114ո38, 114ո39, 115, 117-118, 171, 195 Humphreys, Brendan 13,27, 41, 43ո8, 44ոՅ 1, 49, 202ո52 Hutchinson, William 6, 12, 13 idealism 100-102, 140, 141, 152, 211 Idei, Moshe 10 Ilyin, Mikhail V. 73 imperialism 6,16, 23,27, 29, 31-33, 36, 37, 42, 56, 77, 81, 97, 99, 100, 105, 121,137, 152, 155-156, 177,178,180, 205-206 imperial syndrome 40 inclusive messianism 18 India 5, 67, 87,112nl6, 132, 142, 181, 206 intermediary between civilisations 88, 90, 100 Israel 13, 25, 29, 75, 76, 89, 206 Ivanov, Igor 94,128,162n94 Ivanov, Vyacheslav 74 Izborsk Club 93, 113n25 Jackson, Nicole J. 103-104 Japan 37, 50, 56, 57, 85,132,189,206 Jedliński, Marek 15, 100, 109 Joachim of Fiore 21,
22,24 Joenniemi, Pertti 55 Judaism 12, 14, 20,21, 22, 55 justice 19-21,23-24, 26, 29, 43n6, 43nl8, 83-84, 86, 89, 92-94, 98-99, 101, 133-137, 140-141, 144-146,152, 156,170,175-176, 180-181, 194-198, 207-208,210-211 Kagan, Robert 36-37 Karamyshev, Sergei 96 Karamzin, Nikolai 90 Kasamara, Valeria 189,190 Kashin, Vladimir 146 Kassianova, Alla 103, 108 Kasyanov, Mikhail 122 Katechon 90, 95, 109 Kaufman, Konstantin 98 Kazin, Aleksandr 89, 96 keeper of historical truth 144, 150,152, 154,156, 169 keywords 5, 116, 120-122 Kholmogorov, Egor 95, 165nl26 Khristenko, Viktor 122 Kirdyashkin, Anatoly 89, 90, 96 Kireyevsky, Ivan 88 Kurili (Gundyaev) 93, 98,147, 154, 163nl05 Kocherov, Sergei 21, 72, 85, 91-94, 96, 112nl4 Kohn, Hans 6,43nl4, 73 Kokoity, Eduard 198 Komarova, Natalya 150 Korchagin, Yury 147 Kortunov, Sergei 6, 92, 96,101 Kosolapov, Nikolai 96-97, 102 Kotkin, Stephen 2, 73 Kozlov, Dmitry 93, 196 Kozyrev, Andrei 103, 106, 114n37 Królikowski, Alánná 51,195 Kruponov, Yury 92 Kselman, Thomas 17 Kumar, Krishan 23, 31-34, 66, 205 Kurginyan, Sergei 93, 95-96, 99-101, 114n36 Kushnir, Ostap 6, 43n7, 72,109,110 Laing, Ronald D. 51 Laitin, David 115 Lantemari, Vittorio 11,12, 43 Larson, Deborah Welch 7, 51, 52, 60, 61, 63, 64, 69n4, 70n23, 94, 169 Lashchenova, Eva 40
Index Lavrov, Sergei 1,122, 126,128,130, 142, 143,145,148-149, 154, 159ո40, 171, 173,174, 178, 179, 183,200ո30 de Lazaři, Andrzej 13, 16, 73, 75 leader identity 175 leader ofEurasia 88, 98-100,151 Lebed, Aleksandr 103 Lebow, Richard Ned 45, 56, 58, 77 legitimacy 8, 10,13, 22, 31, 42, 43nl8, 60, 63, 68, 69, 70n21, 81, 84, 106, 112nl2, 124,125, 171,176, 184, 185, 195,196, 205-210 legitimisation (fuction) 105, 168, 169,170, 205 Lehman, Hartmut 177,186 Lenin, Vladimir 24, 92 Leontiev, Konstantin 89, 95 Levada Center 188 ‘liberal empire’ 99, 100 liberty 14, 34, 36, 81-83, 99,133,137, 173 Lieven, Dominic 28 Likhachev, Dmitry 103 Loefflman,, Georg 84 Longley, Clifford 22-23, 31, 34, 43nl9, 80, 81 Lossky, Nikolay 74, 76, 92 Lukyanov, Fedor 9 Lupovici, Amir 51, 71n27 major power 40, 61, 63-65, 68, 79, 81, 82, 86, 97,100,102-107, 121, 129, 131, 142,189,211 Makarychev, Andrei 91, 106, 107, 183 maker of russkiy mir 130, 144, 147,151, 152-153, 169,170, 174-175 Malone, Christopher 80, 85 Massaka, Iwona 6,15, 87 McDaniel, Tim 78, 112n5, 132 McDougall, Walter 36 Messiah 10,11, 12, 14,15, 21, 24, 76, 86,89 messianic nationalism 13, 15 “messianisation” 2, 78, 93 Merezhovsky, Dmitry 74 Middle East 20, 98, 147, 153, 176, 195 Miller, Aleksey 9, 44n27 Milliken, Jennifer 116, 117 Ministry of Foreign Affairs 4, 118,119, 121-123, 126-128, 147-150, 155 missionary nationalism 23, 33-34, 205 mission civilisatrice (civilising mission) 35 mission in Eurasia 130, 144, 149, 151-153,151,155,170, 171, 175,176, 181-182,194, 209 missionism3, 7, 13, 15-16,19, 39, 73, 111,205 233 missionist exceptionalism
13,27, 49 mission narrative 2, 4-6, 8-9, 50, 52-53, 55-58, 62-69, 72, 77, 79-82, 87, 100, 102-103,110,117-119, 122-124, 126-127,128, 132, 137-138,140-144, 147-148,152-156, 168-173, 177, 179-185,188,190-191, 194-197, 202n52, 202n65,205-211 mission role 3, 50, 88, 91, 95, 96, 119, 128,147-148,169,175,182,194 mission text 119, 123 Mitosek, Zofia 20, 21, 24, 26 Mitzen, Jennifer 7, 51-55, 69n4,183 mobilisation (function) 25, 66, 68, 168,170 moderator of dialogue 90,130, 137, 144, 151,153, 170,170, 174, 175 modernisation of Russia 130, 144,150, 151,154,156,169, 170-171,170, 184, 185,208 Molotkov, Aleksandr 89, 94 “moral” missions 169, 175, 199n6 moral superiority 3, 5,48, 49, 64, 65, 79, 82-87, 97, 101,103, 105, 107, 114n34, 119, 123,140,152,170,175,180,181, 190,195, 204, 208,211 Morozov, Viatcheslav 8, 57,61, 77, 91, 97, 179, 201n41 Moscow as the Third Rome 72 Moscow Patriarchate 110 Müller, Martin 107 multiethnic/multifaith identity 173-175 Murvar, Vatro 6, 17, 19, 24, 43n4, 76-78 Nabers, Dirk 7, 46, 47 Narochnitskaya, Natalya 113n25 Narozhna, Tanja 52, 53, 107-108,195 narrative routine 55, 57, 63 national idea 13, 78, 96, 99,120, 129, 130-134, 138, 144,150, 159n24, 168, 171, 180,182-183,197,210 national messianism 13, 15, 39 NATO 4, 118, 131, 155, 175, 176,177, 184,186,188, 207 Nayak, Meghana V. 80, 85 “near abroad” 41, 44n30, 63, 99,103-106, 176,185 Neumann, Iver 8, 24, 61, 75, 88, 92, 95, 97-99, 103-104 Nevzorov, Aleksandr 89, 103 Niebuhr, Reinhold 2, 11, 13, 23, 24, 28, 36, 44n29 Nikiforov, Andrei 94-96 Nikitinov, Vladimir 147 Nikon (Patriarch) 73 non-messianic
exceptionalism 86, 87, 206
234 Index normal (country) identity 103,105, 157nl2, 174 Novenson, Matthew V. 10,11 object of mission 146,184 Obolonsky, Aleksandr 44n25, 79, 92, 95, 98, 112n7 Odoevsky, Vladimir 97 Ohana, David 6, 16, 17, 20, 21, 25, 42n3, 55, 66, 92 Omelicheva, Maria 108 ontological security 7, 41, 47, 50-61, 64-68, 69n4, 79, 80, 87, 97,107,108, 172, 173, 177, 185, 190,206-210 Ordzhonikidze, Maria 188 Organisation of Islamic Cooperation 4, 121, 153, 174 Orthodox nations 98,100, 166nl47 Orthodoxy 75-76, 83, 88-90, 94, 98, 100-101 Oskanian, Kevork K. 41, 44nn30-31, 62-63, 82, 149, 167nl62,209 Østbø, Jardar 6, 95,99, 101, 112n3 Ostrovsky, Efim 92 Ottoman Empire 34, 37, 56, 97-98,198 Ovchinnikov, Vsevolod 91 Pagden, Anthony 23, 30-31, 43nl9 Pain, Emil 30, 31, 34, 39, 40, 44n28, 66, 75, 79, 80, 126, 147, 168, 188, 194, 195, 206 Panarin, Aleksandr 93, 96 Parmentier, Florent 28 partner 57, 61, 67, 80, 87, 94, 97, 98, 99, 106, 107,131, 136,172,176,180-181, 194 Pastukhov, Vladimir 17, 75, 78,188,190, 202n60 pathos of empire 78, 84, 106 patron ofits kin 88, 88, 97, 98,130,151, 153,170 Pavlovlsky, Gleb 92 Pelopidas, Benoit 28 Peter the Great 40, 73, 76 Petrov, Yury 145 Petukhov, Vladimir 188-190, 196, 202n64 phantom messianism 172, 206, 211 Philip the Fair 22 Philotheus of Pskov (monk) 72 Poe, Marshall T. 74 Pogodin, Mikhail 98, 114n34 Poland 5, 7,13, 63, 81-83,152,186, 206 political messianism 14, 17, 36,47 Ponarin, Eduard 194 Popov, Veniamin 174 Porter, Bruce D. 104 Pozdnyakov, Elgiz 91 preserving Russian civilisation 144, 150, 154,156,169,170,170,171,174,184, 185,208 Primakov, Evgeny 107, 114n37
progressive messianism 17 Project Russia 89, 93, 95-96 Prokhanov, Aleksandr 113n25 Promethean messianism 16, 17, 18, 25, 30,82 Prometheism 82 provider 144,150,152,171 PryamayaLiniya7, 111, 121, 140, 141, 191,192 Putin, Vladimir 1, 7, 107,108,110-111, 114n42,118,122,125,126,128, 130-132, 134-135,139-145, 148-150, 155, 156n2, 157nl2, 159n21, 174,178-180, 182-183,193,197, 200n30,202n69, 210 Raboteau, Albert J. 18 Rasputin, Valentin 103 reactionary messianism 8, 17,18 reactionary modernisation 37 recognition 8,37,55-64,67,70nll, 70nl9, 77,87,97,100,106-107,131,134,170, 175,177,181-183,185,194,198,208-210 resentment 37, 38, 57, 79, 80,194,196, 203n69 respect 58, 121, 180, 181 Restad, Hilde Eliassen 6, 27, 35, 36, 37, 80 restorative messianism 21 revolutionary messianism 17,24, 42, 43η 16, 78 Richter, James 103 Ringmar, Erik 52, 59, 67, 70nl9 Roberts, Kari 109-110 role-identity 7-8, 47, 50, 51, 54, 57, 66, 68,107, 115, 168, 206 Roman Empire 30, 31, 34, 36, 38, 42,205 Romanov, Igor 73, 98,99 Romanowski, Dymitr 6, 13, 72, 73, 75, 88, 89, 90, 92, 99 Rorty, Richard 26 Rowley, David G. 15,17, 29,32, 39, 40, 42nl, 66, 75, 77 Rozanov, Oleg 93-96, 98, 99, 101,113ո25 Russian elite 6, 9,62, 76, 79, 106, 113ո22, 172, 180, 183, 191, 194, 195, 200ոՅ, 211 Russian Empire 1, 28,34, 39,41, 44ո26, 56, 61, 70ո23, 73, 76-77, 82, 87, 89, 93, 97-98, 102, 114ո34, 130, 134, 139, 149, 170-171, 173, 181, 207-208
Index Russian Idea 78-79, 83, 84, 92, 93, 100, 101,112ո5, 112ո7,120, 159ո24 Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) 29, 98, 100, 109, 121, 130, 153, 154, 166nl47, 172, 173,192-193, 202ո65 russkiy mir 62, 65, 92, 97-98, 100, 120, 130,130, 134, 136, 140-141,144, 147-148, 152-155,153, 164nll8, 169, 170,174,175, 191 Russophobia 155-156, 174 Ryabov, Oleg 75 Ryabov, Tatiana 75 Sarkisjanz, Emanuel 6, 77,96-100, 112n7 Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph 23 Schlegel, Karl Wilhelm Friedrich 23 Schleiermacher, Friedrich 23 Schmidt, Vivien A. 124 Scholem, Gershom 16 Second World War 20,36,39,40,44n24, 70nl9,96,99,124,128-129,137-142, 145,154-156,160n60,169,172,174,176 sectoral power 180-181 self-identification (function) 6, 8, 12, 26, 27, 31, 34, 38, 40, 42, 45,46, 50, 51, 66, 68, 80, 90, 97, 106,107,123,168-171, 175-171, 182,194-195, 205,208 self-preservation 88, 99, 100 self-sacrifice 20,43n8, 49, 82, 91, 100-102,141-142, 152, 196, 209 semi-peripheral country 62 Serbian, 63,104,131,146,176, 188 Shafarevich, Igor 103 Shafer, Byron E. 27 Shamanov, Vladimir 138, 144,146 Shchedrovitsky, Pyotr 92 Shevchenko, Aleksei 60-64, 70n23, 94, 169 Shevyryov, Stepan 92, 97, 99 shield 88, 90, 94-97,100,104, 109,128, 129, 134, 135, 138, 144-146,151-152, 170, 175, 176, 180-181, 194, 207-208 shield bearer exceptionalism 207 Sibilyev, Viktor 147 Šiljak, Ana 74, 76, 197 Slavic nation (Slavs) 136,137,172 Smith, Anthony D. 2,11, 26-27, 43nl7, 61,91, 114n42 Snyder, Jack 28 Sobieski, John III 83 Social Identity Theory (SIT) 60-61, 64, 107, 181, 209 social messianism 2,17, 76 Söderlind, Sylvia 36 Sokolov, Boris 194 235
Solovyov, Vladimir 74, 76, 88, 89,102 Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr 99, 103, 114n37, 133,134 Sonderweg (special path) 44n28, 72, 77 Sorokina, Anna 189, 190 source of mission 66,154 sovereign 46,104,110,134-136, 169, 179-181, 194, 206 Soviet Union, USSR 1, 24, 41, 61, 64, 67, 70nl9, 77, 90, 97,105, 108, 129,134, 143,152,179, 180,190, 209 Spain 30, 31,34,80,147, 206 Spechler, Dina Rome 104 Stankevich, Sergei 90-91, 95, 101,102 state-civilisation 135,173, 174 State Duma 4, 70n21,119,121,127,129, 180, 184,210 status 1, 5, 7-8, 33-34, 37-38,40-42, 43n21, 44n26,47, 49, 52, 58-68, 69n9, 70nl4, 80-82, 87, 94, 97, 99-100, 102,104-107, 114nn41-42, 123, 128, 131-132,142, 149, 152, 154,169-172, 174-175, 177,180-183, 185, 188-191, 194-196, 205-210 status anxiety 59-60, 67 status inconsistency 60-64, 183, 207-209 Steele, Brent J. 51-53, 114n40 Stepun, Fyodor 88 stigmatisation 37, 56-57, 69n7, 80 Storchak, Vladimir 6, 11, 12, 15-16, 72-73, 87-88,101 “strategic” missions 169-171, 175, 208 Strayer, Joseph R. 22, 43nl2 Subotič, Jelena 53, 54, 64,117, 195, 202ո66 Sullivan, Kate 87, 112nl6 Suny, Ronald Grigor 28, 39 Surguladze, Vakhtang 1, 6, 15, 16,18, 24, 28, 72, 73, 87-88,109 Surkov, Vladislav 6, 94, 101, 102 Suslov, Mikhail 6, 92,110, 111 Svenungsson, Jayne 6, 16,19-24, 43n8, 43nl0, 55, 92 Syria 3, 25, 98, 138, 139, 153,177,187 Szporluk, Roman 74 Talmon, Jakub 6, 10,14, 25, 49 Tarusta, Mikhail 191,192 Teieško, Werner 34-35 theory of the Chinese Gospel 86 Thornton, Archibald Paton 27, 43n20, 56 Thorun, Christian 104, 105 Tikhonova, Natalya 83, 84, 93,196, 197 time orientation of mission 65
Tishkov, Valery 2, 82, 98, 99
236 Index Tkachev, Pyotr 92 Tolz, Vera 103 Toynbee, Arnold 73 Travin, Dmitry 44n25, 68, 79, 93, 112nl3, 168, 185, 191 triumphalist messianism 17, 20 Trubetskoy, Evgeny 85 Trubetskoy, Nikolai 85 Tsygankov, Andrei 61, 62, 65, 70nl8, 97, 146-147 Tsymbursky, Vadim 99 type of mission 66, 99,181 Tyutchev, Fyodor 95 Ujejski, Józef 17 Ukraine 3, 70n20, 98,125,152,159n30, 176,177, 182,186,187, 189 United Nations (UN) 118, 140 universalism 3, 5,14,19, 20, 29, 30, 40, 41, 43n21,48, 49, 65, 87, 94,113n27, 114n44, 119, 123, 140, 142, 204 USA 6, 7, 12, 24,25, 29, 36, 47, 48, 65, 67, 70nl2, 80-85, 95, 97, 104, 105, 107, 110, 131-132, 146, 172, 173, 175, 177, 181,184,188, 189, 191, 206, 207 Uvarov, Sergei 90, 98 Valdai Club 62,121,131, 173,192, 193, 197 Vasily III 98 vector of mission 153,153 Walicki, Andrzej 2, 6, 10, 11, 13-15, 23-24, 63, 81, 87 Ward, W.R. 18 Wawrzynowicz, Andrzej 12,17,19,43n8, 63,66 Wendt, Alexander 45, 47, 58 Werblowsky, R.J. Zwi 2, 6, 10, 11, 16, 20,21 West 4, 6, 8-9, 24, 35, 37,41, 44n31, 56-57, 61-62, 64-65, 67, 74, 78, 80, 85-88, 90-91, 94-97, 99-101, 103-107,110-111,113n22, 130-131, 135,137, 144-146,148,150,152, 155, 168-169,172-177,179-182,185, 188-191,193-194, 197, 207-208, 210 Wilsey, John 36 Wilson, Jeanne L. 24, 62, 86 Wolf, Judith 11, 38, 58, 59 Wolf, Reinhard 38, 58, 59 world leader 180-181 World Russian People’s Council 90, 119, 121, 147,153, 183 Yakovenko, Aleksandr 150 Yarovaya, Irina 150 Yeltsin, Boris 4, 68, 90, 133-135,159n32 Yoann (Snychev) 90, 99, 113n28 Yugoslavia 62, 89, 98,113nl7, 131, 188 Yurevich, Andrei 66, 75, 112n4,168 Yushchenko, Aleksandr
146 Zarakol, Ayşe 7, 8, 37, 38,40,44n24, 50-53, 56-58, 69n6, 69n9, 77, 85, 185 Zhirinovsky, Vladimir 101,103 Zhuravlyov, Anatoly 66, 75, 112n4, 168 Zubkov, Viktor 122 Zubytska, Lidiya 108 Zyuganov, Gennady 103 |
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| id | DE-604.BV047261484 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T17:11:20Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:07:07Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780367653248 9781003131588 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Curanović, Alicja Verfasser (DE-588)115992290X aut The sense of mission in Russian foreign policy destined for greatness! Alicja Curanović London ; New York Routledge 2021 x, 236 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Routledge contemporary Russia and Eastern Europe series 94 "This book explores how far messianism, the conviction that Russia has a special historical destiny, is present in, and affects, Russian foreign policy. Based on extensive original research, including analysis of public statements, policy documents, and opinion polls, the book argues that a sense of mission is present in Russian foreign policy, that it is very similar in its nature to thinking about Russia's mission in Tsarist times, that the sense of mission matters more for Russia's elites than for Russia's masses, and that Russia's special mission is emphasised more when there are questions about the regime's legitimacy as well as great power status. Overall, the book demonstrates that a sense of mission is an important factor in Russian foreign policy"-- Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 gnd rswk-swf Nationalcharakter (DE-588)4137343-1 gnd rswk-swf Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd rswk-swf Russia (Federation) / Foreign relations Legitimacy of governments / Russia (Federation) National characteristics, Russian Diplomatic relations Legitimacy of governments Russia (Federation) Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 g Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 s Nationalcharakter (DE-588)4137343-1 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, ebk 978-1-00-313158-8 Routledge contemporary Russia and Eastern Europe series 94 (DE-604)BV019376775 94 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032665339&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032665339&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032665339&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Curanović, Alicja The sense of mission in Russian foreign policy destined for greatness! Routledge contemporary Russia and Eastern Europe series Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 gnd Nationalcharakter (DE-588)4137343-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4003846-4 (DE-588)4137343-1 (DE-588)4076899-5 |
| title | The sense of mission in Russian foreign policy destined for greatness! |
| title_auth | The sense of mission in Russian foreign policy destined for greatness! |
| title_exact_search | The sense of mission in Russian foreign policy destined for greatness! |
| title_exact_search_txtP | The sense of mission in Russian foreign policy destined for greatness! |
| title_full | The sense of mission in Russian foreign policy destined for greatness! Alicja Curanović |
| title_fullStr | The sense of mission in Russian foreign policy destined for greatness! Alicja Curanović |
| title_full_unstemmed | The sense of mission in Russian foreign policy destined for greatness! Alicja Curanović |
| title_short | The sense of mission in Russian foreign policy |
| title_sort | the sense of mission in russian foreign policy destined for greatness |
| title_sub | destined for greatness! |
| topic | Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 gnd Nationalcharakter (DE-588)4137343-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Außenpolitik Nationalcharakter Russland |
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