A concise history of Greece:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge ; New York ; Port Melbourne ; New Delhi ; Sydney
Cambridge University Press
2021
|
| Ausgabe: | Fourth edition |
| Schriftenreihe: | Cambridge concise histories
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Beschreibung: | Previous edition: 2013 |
| Beschreibung: | xv, 352 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten |
| ISBN: | 9781108948999 9781108844895 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV047238895 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20210607 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 210415s2021 a||| b||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9781108948999 |c paperback |9 978-1-108-94899-9 | ||
| 020 | |a 9781108844895 |c hardback |9 978-1-108-84489-5 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)1250470741 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV047238895 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rda | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-12 |a DE-19 | ||
| 082 | 0 | |a 949.5 |2 21 | |
| 084 | |a OST |q DE-12 |2 fid | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Clogg, Richard |d 1939- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)103164367 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a A concise history of Greece |c Richard Clogg |
| 250 | |a Fourth edition | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge ; New York ; Port Melbourne ; New Delhi ; Sydney |b Cambridge University Press |c 2021 | |
| 300 | |a xv, 352 Seiten |b Illustrationen, Karten | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 336 | |b sti |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Cambridge concise histories | |
| 500 | |a Previous edition: 2013 | ||
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1770-2000 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Griechenland |0 (DE-588)4022047-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 653 | 2 | |a Greece / History / 1821- | |
| 653 | 2 | |a Greece | |
| 653 | 4 | |a Since 1821 | |
| 653 | 6 | |a History | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Griechenland |0 (DE-588)4022047-3 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Geschichte 1770-2000 |A z |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032643206&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032643206&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Literaturverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032643206&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Register // Gemischte Register |
| 940 | 1 | |n oe | |
| 940 | 1 | |q BSB_NED_20210517 | |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 900 |e 22/bsb |f 0904 |g 495 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 900 |e 22/bsb |f 09034 |g 495 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 900 |e 22/bsb |f 09033 |g 495 |
| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032643206 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1808862389198651392 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
CONTENTS List of illustrations Preface pageviii xv i Introduction i շ Ottoman rule and the emergence of the Greek state 1770-1831 7 3 Nationbuilding,the‘GreatIdea’andNationaISchismi83i-i9Zz 46 4 Catastrophe and occupation and their consequences 1923-49 98 5 The legacy of the civil war 1950-74 142 6 The consolidation of democracy and the populist decade 1974-90 166 7 Balkan turmoil and political modernisation: Greece in the 1990s 201 8 Greece in the new Millennium: from affluence to austerity 239 9 A Greek Odyssey: two hundred years since independence 275 Biographies The royal houses of Greece Presidents Tables Key dates Guide to further reading Index 291 311 312 313 323 330 339 vii
GUIDE TO FURTHER READING This selective guide to further reading lists titles in English only, many of which contain detailed bibliographies. BIBLIOGRAPHY Mary Jo Clogg and Richard Clogg, Greece, World Bibliographical Series, voi. xvii (Oxford/Santa Barbara: Clio Press, 1980) Thanos Vėrėmis and Mark Dragoumis, Greece, World Bibliographical Series, voi. xvii (Oxford/Santa Barbara, 1998), revised and amplified edition. Paschalis M. Kitromilides and Marios Evriviades, Cyprus, World Bibliographical Series, voi. xxviii (Oxford/Santa Barbara: Clio Press, 1982; revised and amplified edition 1995) GENERAL Greece, 3 vols. (London: Admiralty, Naval Intelligence Division, 1944-5) (Geographical Handbook Series) Dodecanese (London: Admiralty, Naval Intelligence Division, 1943) (Geographical Handbook Series) John Campbell and Philip Sherrard, Modern Greece (London: Ernest Benn, 1968) Richard Clogg, Ճ short history of modern Greece, 2nd edition (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986) Douglas Dakin, The unification of Greece 1770-1923 (London: Ernest Benn, 1972) Yorgos A. Kourvetaris and Betty A. Dobratz, A profile of modern Greece in search of identity (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987) 330
Guide to further reading ЗЗ1 Thomas Gallant, Modern Greece: front the war of independence to the present (London: Bloomsbury, 2.016) John Koliopoulos and Thanos Vėrėmis, Modern Greece: a history since 1821 (Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009) Nicholas Doumanis, A history of Greece (Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan, 2010) Timothy Boatswain and Colin Nicolson, A traveller’s history of Greece (London: The bookHaus, 2011) Yannis Hamilakis, The nation and its ruins: antiquity, archaeology, and national imagination in Greece (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007) William Miller, Greek life in town and country (London: George Newnes, 1905) C. M. Woodhouse, Modern Greece: a short history (London: Faber and Faber, 1999) Kostas Kostis, History’s spoiled children: the formation of the modern Greek state (London: Hurst and Company, 2018) Peter Mackridge, Language and national identity in Greece, 1776-1976 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009) Roderick Beaton, Greece: biography of a modern nation (London: Penguin, 2019) Thomas Gallant, The Edinburgh history of the Greeks, 1768 to 1918: the long nineteenth century (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2015) Antonis Liakos and Nicholas Doumanis, The Edinburgh history of the Greeks, 1909 to 2012 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2021) Sta this Kalyvas, Modern Greece: what everyone needs to know (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015) OTTOMAN RULE AND THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE Apostólos E. Vacalopoulos, The Greek nation, 1473-1669: the cultural and economic background of modern Greek society (New Brunswick: Rutgers University
Press, 1976) D. A. Zakythinos, The making of modern Greece: from Byzantium to inde pendence (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1976) Steven Runciman, The Great Church in captivity: a study ofthe Patriarchate of Constantinople from the eve of the Turkish conquest to the Greek war of independence (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968) Richard Clogg, ed. and trans., The movement for Greek independence 1770-1821: a collection of documents (London: Macmillan, 1976) G. P. Henderson, The revival of Greek thought 1620-1830 (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1971) Constanze Güthenke, Placing modern Greece: the dynamics of romantic Hellenism 1770-1840 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008)
332 Guide to further reading Paschalis M. Kitromilides, The Enlightenment as social criticism: Iosipos Moisiodax and Greek culture in the eighteenth century (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992) Paschalis Kitromilides, Enlightenment and revolution: the making of mod ern Greece (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2013) David Brewer, The fame of freedom: the Greek war of independence 1821-1833 (London: John Murray, 2001) David Brewer, Greece, the hidden centuries: Turkish rule from the fall of Constantinople to Greek independence (London: I. B.Tauris, 2010) Helen Angelomatis-Tsougarakis, The eve of the Greek revival. British travellers’ perceptions of early nineteenth-century Greece (London: Routledge, 1990) Douglas Dakin, The Greek struggle for independence, 1821-1833 (London: Batsford, 1973) C. M. Woodhouse, The Greek war of independence: its historical setting (London: Hutchinson, 1952) C. W. Crawley, The question of Greek independence: a study of British policy in the Near East, 1821-1833 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1930) E. M. Edmonds, trans., Kolokotrones: the klepht and the warrior: sixty years of peril and daring: an autobiography (London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1893) H. A. Lidderdale, trans., Makriyannis: the memoirs of General Makriyannis 1797-1864 (London: Oxford University Press, 1966) William St Clair, That Greece might still be free: the philhellenes in the war of independence (London: Oxford University Press, 1972) C. M. Woodhouse, The battle of Navarino (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1965) C. M. Woodhouse, Capodistria: the founder of Greek
independence (London: Oxford University Press, 1973) INDEPENDENT GREECE 1830-1923 Leonard Bower and Gordon Bolitho, Otho I, king of Greece: a biography (London: Selwyn and Blount, 1939) John Anthony Petropulos, Politics and statecraft in the kingdom of Greece, 1833-43 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968) Charles A. Frazee, The Orthodox Church and independent Greece, 182132 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969) Marietta Economopoulou, Parties and politics in Greece 1844-33 (Athens: 1984) Robert Holland and Diana Markides, The British and the Hellenes: strug gles for mastery in the Eastern Mediterranean 1830-1960 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006)
Guide to further reading 333 Domna N. Dontas, Greece and the great powers 1863-y; (Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1966) Roderick Beaton and David Ricks, eds., The making of modern Greece: nationalism, romanticism and the uses of the past (iypy-i8p6) (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2009) Romilly Jenkins, The Dilessi murders (London: Longman, 1961) John S. Koliopoulos, Brigands with a cause. Brigandage and irredentism in modern Greece 1821-1912 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987) R. A. H. Bickford-Smith, Greece under King George (London: Richard Bentley, 1893) Philip Carabott, ed., Greek society in the making, 1863-1913: realities, symbols and visions (Aldershot: Ashgate, 1997) Evangelos Kofos, Greece and the eastern crisis, i8yy-y8 (Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1975) Theodore George Tatsios, The Megali Idea and the Greek-Turkish war of 1897: the impact of the Cretan problem on Greek irredentism, 1866-9 У (New York: Columbia University Press, 1984) Charles K. Tuckerman, The Greeks of today (New York: Putnam, 1878) John A. Levandis, The Greek foreign debt and the Great Powers 182198 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1944) Pinar Senisik, The transformation of Ottoman Crete: revolts, politics and identity in the late nineteenth century (London: I. B. Tauris, 2011) Gerasimos Augustinos, Consciousness and history: nationalist critics of Greek society, і89у֊і9і4 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1977) Douglas Dakin, The Greek struggle in Macedonia 189У-1913 (Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1966) S. Victor Papacosma, The military in Greek politics:
the 1909 coup d’état (Kent: Kent State University Press, 1977) Doros Alastos [Evdoros Joannides], Venizelos: patriot, statesman, revolu tionary (London: Lund Humphries, 1942) George B. Leon, Greece and the great powers, 1914-iy (Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1974) George B. Leon, The Greek socialist movement and the Pirst World War: the road to unity (New York: Columbia University Press, 1976) N. Petsalis-Diomidis, Greece at the Paris Peace Conference 1919 (Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1978) Gerasimos Augustinos, The Greeks of Asia Minor: confession, commu nity and ethnicity in the nineteenth century (Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1992) Nicholas Doumanis, Before the nation: Muslim-Christian coexistence and its destruction in late Ottoman Anatolia (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013) Michael Llewellyn Smith, Ionian vision: Greece in Asia Minor, 1919-22 (London: Allen Lane, 1973,1998)
334 Guide to further reading Arnold J. Toynbee, The western question in Greece and Turkey: a study in the contact of civilisations (London: Constable, 192.2) Marjorie Housepian, Smyrna 1922: the destruction of a city (London: Faber and Faber, 1972) Harry J. Psomiades, The eastern question, the last phase: a study in GreekTurkish diplomacy (Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1968) Greece 1924-49 George Mavrogordatos, Stillborn republic: social coalitions and party strategies in Greece 1922-16 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983) Dimitri Pentzopoulos, The Balkan exchange of minorities and its impact upon Greece (The Hague: Mouton, 1962) Bruce Clark, Twice a stranger: how mass expulsion forged modern Greece and Turkey (London: Granta Books, 2006) Charles B. Eddy, Greece and the Greek refugees (London: George Allen and Unwin, 1931) William Miller, Greece (London: Ernest Benn, 1928) Elliot Grinnell Mears, Greece today: the aftermath of the refugee impact (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1929) Elisabeth Kontogiorgi, Population exchange in Greek Macedonia: the rural settlement of refugees 1922-1933 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2006) Mark Mazower, Greece and the inter-war economic crisis (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991) John S. Koliopoulos, Greece and the British connection 1915-41 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1977) Mario Cervi, The hollow legions: Mussolini’s blunder in Greece 1940-1 (London: Chatto and Windus, 1972) Matthew Willingham, Perilous commitments: the battle for Greece and Crete 1940-41 (Staplehurst, Kent: Spellmount, 2005) Robin Higham, Diary of a
disaster. British aid to Greece, 1940-1 (Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky, 1986) Bickham Sweet-Escott, Greece: a political and economic survey 1939-51 (London: Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1954) C. M. Woodhouse, The struggle for Greece 1941-9 (London: Hart-Davis, MacGibbon, 1976) Violetta Hionidou, Famine and death in occupied Greece, 1941-1944 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006) André Gerolymatos, The British and the Greek resistance, 1936-1944: spies, saboteurs, and partisans (Lanham: Lexington Books, 2018) Richard Clogg, ed. and trans., Greece 1940-1949: occupation, resistance, civil war: a documentary history (London: Paigrave Macmillan, 2002)
Guide to further reading 335 Spiros Tsoutsoumpis, A history of the Greek resistance in the Second World War: the people’s armies (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2016) Giorgos Antoniou and A. Dirk Moses, eds., The Holocaust in Greece (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018) Mark Mazower, Inside Hitler’s Greece: the experience of occupation, 1941-44 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993) Sheila Lecoeur, Mussolini’s Greek island: fascism and the Italian occupa tion of Syros in World War II (London: I. B. Tauris, 2009) John Hondros, Occupation and resistance. The Greek agony 1941-4 (New York: Pella, 1983) Anthony Rogers, Churchill’s folly: Leros and the Aegean. The last great defeat of the Second World War (London: Cassell, 2003) Richard Clogg, ed., Bearing gifts to Greeks: humanitarian aid to Greece in the 1940s (Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan / St Antony’s College, 2008) Alan Ogden, Sons of Odysseus: SOE heroes in Greece (London: Bene Factum Publishing, 2012) John O. Iatrides, Revolt in Athens: the Greek communist ‘second round’ 1944-J (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1972) George Alexander, The prelude to the Truman doctrine. British policy in Greece 1944-7 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982) William Hardy McNeill, The Greek dilemma: war and aftermath (London: Gollancz, 1947) Heinz Richter, British intervention in Greece. Trom Varkiza to civil war, February 194s to August 1946 (London: Merlin Press, 1986) David Close, The origins of the Greek civil war (London: Longman, 1995) Peter J. Stavrakis, Moscow and Greek communism 1944-9 (Ithaca: Cornell
University Press, 1989) Mark Mazower, ed., After the war was over: reconstructing the family, nation, and state in Greece, 1943-1960 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000) Philip Carabott and Thanasis D. Sfikas, The Greek civil war: essays on a conflict of exceptionalism and silences (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004) Loring M. Danforth and Riki van Boeschoten, Children of the Greek civil war: refugees and the politics of memory (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012) Polymeris Voglis, Becoming a subject: political prisoners during the Greek civil war (Oxford: Berghahn, 2002) Howard Jones, ‘A new kind of war’: America’s global strategy and the Truman Doctrine in Greece (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989) John S. Koliopoulos, Plundered loyalties: Axis occupation and civil strife in Greek West Macedonia, 1941-1949 (London: Hurst and Company, 1999)
336 Guide to further reading Lawrence S. Wittner, American intervention in Greece, 1943-9 (New York: Columbia University Press, 198z) John O. Iatrides and Linda Wrigley, eds., Greece at the crossroads: the civil war and its legacy (University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995) GREECE SINCE I95O William H. McNeill, The metamorphosis of Greece since World War II (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978) David Close, Greece since 194y. politics, economy and society (Harlow: Pearson Education, 200z) Ioannis Stefanidis, Stirring the Greek nation: political culture, irredentism and anti-Americanism in post-war Greece, 1945-1967 (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007) Evanthis Hatzivassiliou, Greece and the Cold War: frontline state, 1952196y (London: Routledge, zoo6) Speros Vryonis, Jr, The mechanism of catastrophe: the Turkish pogrom of September 6-у, 1955, and the destruction of the Greek community of Istanbul (New York: Greekworks.com, 2005) Keith R. Legg, Politics in modern Greece (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1969) Richard Clogg, Parties and elections in Greece: the search for legitimacy (London: C. Hurst, 1987) Stan Draenos, Andreas Papandreou: the making of a Greek democrat and political maverick (London: I. B. Tauris, 201z) Alexandros Nafpliotis, Britain and the Greek Colonels: accommodating the Junta in the Cold War (London: I. B. Tauris, 2013) James E. Miller, The United States and the making of modern Greece. History and power: 1950-19У4 (Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press, 2009) C. M. Woodhouse, The rise and fall of the Greek
Colonels (London: Grafton, 1985) Christos Kassimeris, Greece and the American embrace: Greek foreign policy towards Turkey, the US and the western alliance (London: I. B. Tauris, 2009) Nicos Mouzelis, Modern Greece: facets of underdevelopment (London: Macmillan, 1978) Theodore A. Couloumbis, The United States, Greece and Turkey: the trou bled triangle (New York: Praeger, 1983) Michails Spourdalakis, The rise of the Greek socialist party (London: Routledge, 1988) George Kassimeris, Europe’s last red terrorists: the revolutionary organiza tion і y November (London: Hurst and Company, 2001)
Guide to further reading 337 Konstantina Maragkou, Britain, Greece and the Colonels, 1967-1974: between pragmatism and human rights (London: Hurst and Company, 2019) Brady Kiesling, Greek urban warriors: resistance and terrorism 1967-2014 (Athens: Lycabettus Press, 2014) Vicky Pryce, Greekonomics: the euro crisis and why politicians don’t get it (London: Biteback Publishing, 2012) Michael Mitsopoulos and Theodore Pelagidis, Understanding the crisis in Greece: from boom to bust (Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan, 2012) Yannis Palaiologos, The 13 th Labour of Hercules: inside the Greek crisis (London: Portobello Books, 2014) Yannis Varoufakis, Adults in the room: my battle with Europe’s deep establishnent (London: The Bodley Head, 2017) Costas Douzinas, SYRIZA in power: reflections of an accidental politician (London: Wiley, 2017) CYPRUS H. D. Purcell, Cyprus (London: Ernest Benn, 1969) George Hill, A history of Cyprus, vol. iv, The Ottoman province, the British colony 1571-1928 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1952) Anastasia Yiangou, Cyprus in World War II: politics and conflict in the eastern Mediterranean (London: I. B. Tauris, 2010) Stephen Xydis, Cyprus: conflict and conciliation 1954-8 (Columbus: Ohio State University, 1967) Stephen Xydis, Cyprus: reluctant republic (The Hague: Mouton, 1973) Nancy Crawshaw, The Cyprus revolt: an account of the struggle for union with Greece (London: George Allen and Unwin, 1978) Robert Holland, Britain and the revolt in Cyprus 1954-1959 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998) Stanley Kyriakides, Cyprus: constitutionalism and crisis
government (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1968) Kyriacos C. Markides, The rise and fall of the Cyprus republic (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1977) Rebecca Bryant, Imagining the modern: the cultures of nationalism in Cyprus (London: I. B. Tauris, 2004) GREEKS ABROAD Richard Clogg, ed., The Greek diaspora in the twentieth century (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1999) Theodore Saloutos, The Greeks in the United States (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1964)
338 Guide to further reading Charles C. Moskos, Greek Americans: struggle and success (New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 1989) Anastasios M. Tamis, The immigration and settlement of Macedonian Greeks in Australia (Melbourne: La Trobe University Press, 1994) Peter D. Chimbos, ed., The Canadian Odyssey: the Greek experience in Canada (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1980) Alexander Kitroeff, The Greeks in Egypt, 1919-193 7: ethnicity and class (London: Ithaca Press, 1989) Dimitris Tziovas, ed., Greek diaspora and migration since iyoo: society, politics and culture (Aldershot: Ashgate, zoo9) RELIGION K. E. Fleming, Greece: a Jewish history (Princeton: Princeton University Press, Z008) Bea Lewkowicz, The Jewish community of Salonika: history, memory, identity (London: Vallentine Mitchell, zoo6) Richard Clogg, ed., Minorities in Greece: aspects of a plural society (London: Hurst and Company, zooz) Victor Roudometof and Vasillos N. Makrides, eds., Orthodox Christianity in 21st-century Greece: the role of religion in culture, ethnicity and pol itics (Aldershot: Ashgate, zoio)
INDEX ‘17 November’ terrorist group 187, 2-15, 2-34, 2-39-4° administrative decentralisation, under PASOK reforms 181 Aegean islands, and Greek-Turkish tensions 171-3, 223, 2.28-9 and oil 173, 188-9 Agnew, Spiro 162 Agrapha villages 15 Albania 107 exodus of ethnic Greeks from 201-3 Greek relations with, 1994 214, 215 immigrants from 204 and Mussolini’s attack on Greece 118-19 religious prohibition in 203 see also Epirus Alexander the Great 208 Alexander, King (son of George I) 89, 95 Alexandros Karatheodoris Pasha 70, 83 Alfred, Prince 55, 292 Algava, Isaac 128-9 Ali Pasha 20, 32, 296 Allende, Salvador, and Hortensia 187 Alliance of the Left and of Progress 197, 198 Amalia of Oldenburg (wife of King Otto) 50, 53-5, 58, 301 Andrew, Prince (son of George I) 100-1 Angelopoulos, Angelos 132 Ankara Convention (1930) 107 Annan plan, see Cyprus Anthimos, Patriarch of Jerusalem 13 anti-Americanism and Bush’s ‘war on terror’ 240 and Cyprus 223 and Imia 220-3 terrorist attacks 234 anti-clericalism 13 antiquities 240, 249 European collectors 276 Arafat, Yasser 187 Aristotle, and Physiognomonica 30 arkhaiolatreia (worship of antiquity) 27 army modernisation plan (1996) 224 Revolution of 21 April 1967 159-60 right-wing elements in 157-8 Asia Minor Greek occupation 284-5 and population exchange 99-101, 103-4 war in (1919-22) 91-7, 283, 285 Askoutsis, Nikolaos 132 Aspida (Shield) and Andreas Papandreou 158, 159 Athanasiadou, Anna 271 Athens Academy of 76, 290 choice as capital 47, 49 demonstrations in 162, 164-5, ΐ70-ΐ, 249, 253-7 German occupation of 121 metro 288 National Library and
Opera House 288, 289 and Oraia Ellas café 52 339
Index 340 austerity programme (2.010) 251-2, 273 relaxed 263 results of 252-3 see also financial crisis; troika Australia, Greek emigration to 146, 192—3 and Macedonians 207 autochthons 47, 296 Bakirtzis, Colonel Evripidis 132 Bakoyanni, Dora 246 bailouts, see financial crisis; troika Balkan alliance, and war with Ottoman Empire 77-9 conflicting territorial claims 79-81 Greek new territories 81, 284 Balkan crisis (1875-8), effects on Greece 65-7 Balkan nationalism 47 Balkan nuclear-free zone 187 Balkan Pacts (1934) 107 (1953)147 Balkan wars (1912-13) 268-9, 2^3, 284 Bank of Crete, and financial scandal 195-6 Benakis, Emmanouil 78 Benjamin of Lesvos 32 Bosnian conflict 209 brigandage 48-9, 66-7 Britain and Cyprus 147, 149, 154-5, 167 and EDES 129-30, 131 and Mussolini’s attack on Greece it 9 and Venizelos 284 and war of independence 281 see also Byron; Canning; Castlereagh; Churchill; Entente powers British Museum 270 Bulgaria 107, 284 armistice (1918) 284 attack on Serbia 8 5 and Macedonia 268-9 see also Balkans Bulgarian Exarchate 67 Bush, President George W. 240, 244 Byron, Lord 33, 38, 210-11, 276, 280 Byzantine Empire 2-3, 7 Canada Greek migrants in ա, 227-8 and Macedonians 207 Canning, George 39 Cappadocia, Greek population in 48, 92. Castlereagh, Viscount 1 catholics 10 Cavafy, Constantine 112-13 Cem, Ismail, earthquake diplomacy 232 Centre Union 152, 155, 157, 168, 302, 303-4 split 158, 159 see also Papandreou, Georgios Chios 10, 15, 33, 79, 86, 297 Chrysostomos, Archbishop of Smyrna 94 Church, Richard 297 Church settlement (1833) 49 Churchill, Winston 119, 127,
136-7, 2.93 establishment of regency 134 percentages agreement with Stalin 130-1 civil war (1946-9) 141, 142-3, 2 7 Clerides, President of Cyprus 224, 229 clientelism 226 Clinton, President Bill 210-11, 233 and anti-Americanism 231 and Imia 220, 221 Coalition of the Radical Left, see SYRIZA coalition government after June 2012 election 261, 263 under Papademos 257 Codrington, Admiral Sir Edward 41 Colonels, see military regime of Colonels communism and civil war 141, 142-3, z%7 expulsion of Yugoslavia from Cominform 139 and military regime r 61 post-civil war attitude to 144,145 see also United Democratic Left
Index Communist Party of Greece (KKE) 104, 309 and 2015 elections 263, 264 and 2019 election 269 abstention from 1946 election 135 and Alliance of the Left and of Progress 197 balance of power in 1989 196-8 balance of power under George II 113-15, 286 boycott over ratification of EC treaty 174 and Democratic Army 13 7-9 legalisation of by Karamanlis 167-8, 235,287 resistance to fascist occupation 122-3 share of vote in 2012 259, 260 and Slav Macedonians 208 split into two parties (1967) 160 see also EAM Communist Party of Greece of the Interior 160, 197 Congress of Berlin 65, 70, 104 Congress of Vienna 29, 294 Constantine, Crown Prince (subsequently Constantine I, King of the Hellenes) 291 abdication 98, 100-1, 284, 285 dispute with Venizelos 83, 284 see also National Schism Constantine II 169-70 confrontation with Georgios Papandreou 158-9 exile under Colonels 161, 162 Constantine XI Palaiologos 18-19 Constantinople 7,12, 20 and the Great Idea 47 Greek population in 54-5 and Venizelos 91 see also Istanbul constitution, first (1822) 280 construction investment after civil war T45 Corfu (Kerkyra) 10, 16, 87 Italian occupation of 107 Corinth canal 68, 282 Coronavirus (Covid֊i9) pandemic (2020) 272, 273, 288, 290 З41 corruption 245 and financial crisis 256, 257, 288 Couvaras, Costas 126 Crete 10, 15, 17, 70, 85 defence of 119 enosis 292 German occupation of 121 and Goudi coup 73-5 muslims in 48, 99 uprisings in 65, 67-9 Crimean War 53, 60 Cyprus 5, 10, 67, 85, 229-30 accession to EU 223-4 and Greek-controlled area 244 Annan plan 243-4 British interest in 147, 149, 154-5 and
Colonels 162, 287 debt crisis in 258 and enosis 147, 283 Greek population in 104 and Makarios 271-2 muslims in 48 power sharing in 149, 155 and taksim (partition) 148 Turkish invasion (1974) 151, 154-y, 166 Turkish occupation of North 172, 188-9, 2-83, 287 UN peacekeeping force in 155 see also Grivas; Makarios III Cythera 16 Damaskinos, Archbishop of Athens 128-9, 134, 136-7, z93 Daumier, Alphonse 64 Deliyannis,Theodores 61, 63, 282, 291-2 and revolt in Crete 67-9 Delta, Penelope 78 Demertzis, Konstantīnos 300 Demirel, President Süleyman 223 Democratic Army 137-9, 141, 143 Democratic Defence 168-9 Democracy in Europe Movement 2025 264-5 Democratic Left (Dimokratiki Aristeta) 259, 260 and coalition government 261, 264
342 Index Democratic Socialist Party 303 Dervenakia, Battle of 40-1 diaspora 4, 2.27-8, 273, 276 benefactors 76, 289 and nationalism 28 and Philiki Etairia 31 in Soviet Union 204-5 see also Greek merchants Dervenakia, Battle of 40-1 Dimas, Stavros 262-3 Dionysios IV Mouselimis 13 Dodecanese islands, Greek population in 104 and Italy 107, 281 Don Pacifico incident 53, 301 Dragatsani, battle of (1821) 33, 280 Dramali, Mahmud 40-1 Drosios, Georgios 76 Dukakis, Michael 5, in, 227 EAM (National Liberation Front) 122-3, 127, 280 and Papandreou government 131, 13З-4 and PEEA 130, 132 earthquake diplomacy 221, 232-3, 283 Ecevit, Bülent 176 Ecumenical Patriarchate 206 Eden, Anthony 134, 136-7 EDES (National Republican Greek League) 123, 127-9, 304,310 and Britain 129-30, 131 education, and classical past 49, 278 Egypt, Greek migration to 78 Eisenhower, General Dwight 140 El Greco (Theotokopoulos, Domenikos) 17 ELAS (National People’s Liberation Army) 123, 127-9, 287, 307 attack on EDES 129-30, 310 and demobilisation 133-4 postwar tensions 137-9 Elgin marbles 210-11, 231, 2-33-4. 249 call for loan of 270 Elisabeth, Princess of Romania 293 Eltiniki Nomarkbia (Greek Nomarchy) (1806, anon) 277-8 emigration 4, 69, in from financial crisis 265, 273, 288 in postwar period 146, 273 from Turkey 151 to United States 282 see also diaspora enosis (union) 147, 149, 283, 292, 298-9 Entente powers 83 and Dardanelles campaign 8 5 and royalist government 87 and Smyrna 91-3 and Venizelos 85, 91 environmental concerns, and forest fires 247-8 EOKA (National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters) 147, 283
EON (National Youth Organisation) 116, 117, 300 Epirus 67, 70, 81, 85, 91 and Greek-Italian war 120-1 see also Albania EPON (Unified Panhellenic Youth Organisation) 123 Erdoğan, Recep Tayyip, Turkish president 242-3, 265, 266 ERT (Greek Radio and Television), closure of 261 Ethniki Etairia (National Society) 69, 72-3 European Realistic Disobedience Front (MeRA25; Metopo Evropaikis Realistikis Anypakois) 265, 269 European Union accession of Cyprus 223-4, 244 customs union with Turkey 215 diplomatic relations with Macedonia 213-14 emergency loan from 194 Greek membership of 174, 215, 237, 238, 287-8 changing attitude to 178 Maastricht Treaty 211
Index and PASOK policy i86, 187 and refugees from Turkey 266-7 Turkish accession to 233, 242-3 see also financial crisis; troika Evert, Angelos 128-9 Evert, Mikiades 212 and New Democracy 213, 225 Evgenidis, Stephanos 82 Ezekiel, Bishop of Melbourne 192-3 Fallmerayer, J. P. 2 famine 121,124-5, 2-86 financial crisis (2008-9) 250-1 anti-German feeling 251 asset sales 254 bailouts 251-2, 253-7, 258 defence spending 256 emigration 265, 273, 288 recovery from 269, 272, 273, 288 results of 262 and taxation system 251, 257, 261 see also troika Fleet, General James van 140 Florakis, Kharilaos 185, 197, 199 France and Venizelos 284 and war of independence 281 Frederica, Queen (wife of King Paul), and Karamanlis 138-9, 295 Friendly Society, see Fbiliki Etairia FYROM (Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) 207-9 agreement on name 244, 265, 267 Greek relations with 213-14 interim accord 214 US recognition as Republic of Macedonia 244-5 see also Macedonia Gavdos 223 Gavriilidis, Kostas 132 Gennadius, loannis 70 George, Prince, High Commissioner of Crete 69 George I, King 55-9, 83, 281, 284, 292-3 foreign policy of 65 343 George II, King 98, 100-1,106, 11315, 119, 138-9, 140,193 appointment of regent 134,136-7 exile 285 and resistance groups 123,127-9 restoration 286 Germany, Wehrmacht occupation 286 Giotopoulos, Alexandros 240 Gizikis, Lieutenant-General Phaidon 163-5 Golden Dawn (Chrysi Avgi) June 2012 election 260 2015 elections 264 disintegration after 2019 election 269-70 links with neo-Nazis 259 Gorbachev, Mikhail 205 Gorgopotamos viaduct, destruction of 117, 307,310 Goudi coup
(1909) 71, 72-4, 114, 284, 293, 308 Gounaris, Dimitrios 98, 100-1 Gounaropoulos, Georgios 120 government bond purchase, and financial crisis 258 Great Crash (1929) 286 effects on world economy 107 Great Idea, the (Megali Idea) 46-7, 60, 98, 275, 282, 296 and National Schism 83-7 and occupation of Asia Minor 284-5 Greek merchants and Ottoman trade 21-3 development of national consciousness 25-7, 277-8 and national movement 23-5 Greek Rally 144, 295, 302 Greek-Serbian treaty (1913) 79 Greek Solution party 269 Greek-Turkish relations 283-4 in mid twentieth century 150-1, 162,163, 213, 238 in 2000s 242-3 Davos agreement 189-90 economic consequences of tension 173-4 and Erdoğan 265
Index 344 Greek-Turkish relations (cont.) Greek defence spending 224 and Imia (Kardak) 220-3 and Kosovo war 231-2 and Ocalan 230 PASOK defence policy 187-9 and refugees 266-7 territorial claims in Aegean 171-3, 223, 228-9, 283-4 see also Cyprus; earthquake diplomacy; Ottoman Empire; thirty-day war Grey, Sir Edward 84-5 Grigorios V, Patriarch of Constantinople it, 13.36-7. 277, 2-93-4 Grivas, General Georgios, and EOKA 147, 154-5, 299 guerrillas (Makedonomakboi) 72-3, 126 see also EDES; ELAS; resistance Guizot, François-Pierre 296 Hadzianestis, General 98,100-1 Hanke, Hans 52 Hansen, Theophilos 76, 290 Hansen, Christian 76 haradj (tax on Christians) 14 Haralambopoulos, Yannis 187 Hawke, Bob 192-3 Hellenic Library 271 heritage, awareness of 1-2, 27, 278 Hess, Peter von 41 heterochthons 47, 296 resentment towards 50-1 Hitler, Adolf 118, 119 Hobhouse, John Cam, on condition of Greeks (1809-11) 276-7 Holbrooke, Richard 220-3 hospodars 21, 24-5 Hydra 23, 26 hyperinflation 124-5, K 2 Ibrahim Pasha 39, 281 IDEA (Sacred Bond of Greek Officers) 158 idionym law 106 Ieronymos II, Archbishop 271 Imia (Kardak), crisis 220-3, 283 immigration, in twentieth century 273 Independent Greeks 259, 260 and 2015 election 264 coalition with SYRIZA 263, 267 infrastructure EU subsidies for 288 modernisation in 2000s 240 railway system 282 Ioakheim, Metropolitan of Kozani 132 Ionian Islands (Corfu, Cephalonia, Zakynthos, Cythera, Levkas, Ithaca, Paxos) French occupation of 29 and Venetian rule 16 Ioannidis, Brigadier Dimitrios 163-5 punishment of 171 Islam, conversion to 14 Istanbul, 1955 anti-Greek
riots in 222-3, 283 Italy armistice (1943) 129 occupation of Greece 121, 286 treaties with 107 war with i r 8, 120-1 Ithaca 16 janissary levy (paidomazoma) 14 Jaruzelski, General 187 Jewish community and Nazi extermination 206, 286 Salonica 81, 125, 128-9 John, Don, of Austria, and Lepanto 15 John Paul II, Pope, and Great Schism (1054) 241 Johnson, President Lyndon, and Cyprus 155 Joint US Military Advisory and Planning Group (JUSMAG) 140 Kaftantzoglou, Lysandros 76 Kammenos, Panos 263, 267 Kanellopoulos, Panayiotis, and National Radical Union 159 Kapodistrias, Count Ioannis 32, 41-3, 280,294-5 assassination of 43 Karakioulaphis, Anastasios 30 karamanlides 54-5
Index Karamanlis, Konstantinos 6, 139, 184-5, zoīJ zo9 2.10-11, 217, 2x9, 246, 295-6, 302 and 1961 elections 151-2 and Greek accession to EC 149-51, 174, 2-87-8 agreement with Menderes over Cyprus 149 metapolitefsi 166-8, 170 and National Radical Union 148 New Democracy’s structure 176 and Olympic Games 242 ‘opening’ to Balkans 174-5 Presidency 177, 191-3, 200 referendum on monarchy 169-70, 287 resignation of 153 return from exile 165 tensions in Aegean Islands 171-3 Karamanlis, Kostas, and New Democracy 219, 246 election of 2000 233 2004 election 245 resignation 249 Karatzaferis, Giorgos, and LAOS 248 Karavangelis, Germanos, Bishop of Kastoria 72-3 Kastellorizo 157 katharevousa 2, 27, 49, 157, 301 Keun, Bernhard 298 Khatzibeis, Stamatis 132 Khatzimikhail, Theophilos 80-1 Khoremis family 78 Khristodoulos, Archbishop of Athens 234, 237, 241 Khruschev, Nikita 282 Khrysanthopoulos, Photakos 39 Kissinger, Dr Henry 167 KKE, see Communist Party of Greece Kleanthis, Stamatis 76 klefts 279 and resistance to Turks 15, 40-1 Kokkalis, Petros 132 Kolettis, Ioannis 296-7 and the Great Idea 47, 51, 269-70 Kolokotronis, Theodoras 35, 40-1, 43։ 2-97 Kondylis, General Georgios 106, 113 Konstantinovna, Olga 292 345 Kontoglou, Photis 54-5, 103,156 Korais, Adamantios 2-3, 28, 30, 278, 297-8 Koryzis, Alexandros, and war with Italy 119 Koskotas, George, and Bank of Crete financial scandal 195-6, 211 Kosovo 230-1 Kostaki Mousouros Pasha 83 Kotzias, Kostas 116 Koufodinas, Dimitris 240 Koumoundouros, Alexandros 305 Koundouriotis, Admiral Pavlos, election as President 106 Koutsogiorgas, Agamemnon
211 Kütchük, Fazii 149 Lagarde, Christine 260 Laiki Bank 258 Lambrakis, Grigorios 153, 191 language, of Greek populations 48, 54-5։ 2-°5 and population exchange 99-101, 285 purity of 2, 27-8, 49, 157, 278, 298, 301 LAOS (Laikos Orthodox Synagermos) 248, 249, 259 Leo the Wise, Oracles of 18-19, zo Lesvos, refugee camps 266 Levkas (Lefkada) 16 Leyen, Ursula von der, EU Commission 267 Liani, Dimitra 195, 213, 217-18 Lloyd George, David 96 loans, from protecting powers 64-5 and International Financial Commission 69 see also troika Lymberis, Admiral Khristos 220 Lyons, Sir Edmund 5 3 Macedonia agreement with 265, 267 and Albanian national movement 77 and KKE 104, 269 refugees in 103, 267 territorial claims in 67, 72-3, 79-81, 268-9
34 6 Index Macedonia (cont.) and Young Turk conspiracy 73-5 see also FYROM; North Macedonia; Republic of Macedonia Mahmud II, Sultan zo, 32, 39-41, 281 Makarezos, Colonel Nikolaos 159 punishment of 171 see also military regime under Colonels Makarios III, Archbishop and President of Cyprus 147, 298-9 and independent Cyprus 149, 154-3 and Ioannidis 163-5 and power-sharing 155 relations with Greek military regime 162 Makriyannis, General Yannis 12, 3 5 Makronisos (prison island) 138-9 Mandakas, General Manolis 132 Maniadakis, Konstantinos 117 Markezinis, Spyros 163 Markos (Vafiadis) 137-9 marriage reforms 181 Martis, Nikolaos 192-3 Matthaios, Metropolitan of Myra 17 Mavromikhalis, Kyriakoulis 74 Mavromikhalis, Petrobey 29 5 Mavromikhalis clan 43, 44 Mavros, Georgios 178 Megali Idea, see Great Idea Mehmet, Sultan 11 Mehmet Ali, of Egypt 39, 281 Menderes, Adnan 149 MeRA25 see European Realistic Disobedience Front Mercouri, Melina 234 Merkel, Angela 251, 260, 261 see also troika mesa 4,61 metapolitefsi 219, 235 Metaxas, Colonel Ioannis and communist opposition 117-18 dictatorship of 115-17, 285, 286, 299-300 foreign policy 118-19 Michel, Charles, European Council 267 Military League 73, 281 military regime of Colonels 160-1, 275-6, 287 opposition to 162, 164-5 popularity of 161-2 punishment of after overthrow 170-1 US attitude to 162 see also Cyprus; Ioannidis; Makarezos; Papadopoulos; Pattakos Miller, William 284 millet system 10 Milosevic, Slobodan 230 Mitsotakis, Konstantinos, and New Democracy Party 157, 169, 185, 190, 197, 199-200, 246 and 1993 election 212-13 allocation of
government posts 212 economic policy 209-11 Mitsotakis, Kyriakos 265 head of New Democracy government 270 Moldavia 25 monarchy 43, 281 1843 coup 58 abolition of 106 Bavarian influence on King Otto 50, 58, 281 choice of successor to Otto 55 institutional infrastructure 48, 49 referendum on 169-70, 287 restoration of Constantine I 95 restoration of George II 113-і 5 see also Constantine II; Great Idea; George I; George II; Otto of Wittelsbach monotoniko, single accent system 181 Montenegro 284 Morritt, John 276 Moukhtar Pasha 296 Mourouzis, Konstantinos 36 Movement for Change, and 2019 election 269 muslims 10, 14, 48, 81, 99 and Athens mosque 241-2 in Macedonia 208 in western Thrace 104, 206-7, г37 Mussolini, Benito, war with Greece 118
Index Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk) 93, 98, 23z andVenizelos 105, 107 victory in Asia Minor 95-7 mutinies, in Greek forces 130, 131 Mytilini (Lesvos) 79, 80-1 Nahmias, Alberto/Avraam 128-9 Napoleon Bonaparte 29 National Camp 175-6 National Defence (Ethniki Amyna) 87-9 national health service 181 National Liberation Front, see EAM National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters, see EOKA National People’s Liberation Army, see ELAS National Progressive Centre Union 14З, 3°5 National Radical Union, see Karamanlis national reconciliation policy 180 National Republican Greek League, see EDES National Schism (Ethnikos Dikhasmos) 83-7, 95. 2-84, 291,308 National Society, see Ethniki Etairia National Solidarity 123 National Youth Organisation, see EON NATO and Cyprus 148 Greek and Turkish admission to 147, 150-1, 2-83 and military regime of Colonels 162 PASOK’s relations with 185-6 and Pericles plan 152 withdrawal from 178 natural gas, reserves in eastern Mediterranean 283 nautical islands 23 Navarino, battle of 39, 44, 281 Naxos 10 neo-martyrs 57 New Democracy Party coalition in 2013 261 defeat in 2009 249-50 failure of reform programme 245-8 347 share of vote in 2015 263, 264 victory in 2019 election 269, 270 see also Karamanlis; Rallis, Georgios Niarchos, Stavros 289, 290 Nikotsaras 279 Nixon, President Richard 167 North Macedonia, Republic of 267 popular opposition to agreement 267, 268, 269 Notaras, Grand Duke Lõukas 7 Ocalan, Abdullah, and Kurdish Workers’ Party 230 occupation, during World War II 121, 273-4 see also resistance Office of Strategic Services (OSS) 126 O khi (No) 120-1, 256
Old Calendarists 205-6 Olympic Games (2004) 242, 272 О monota 214, 215 Onassis, Aristotle 290 Operation Golden Fleece 205 Orthodox Church 236 conservatism of 3 and office of patriarch 13 under Ottoman Empire 277 Othonaios, General 100-1 Otto of Wittelsbach, King 43, 281, 300-1 and army 66 and constitutional government 50, 51, 58, 281 and Crimean war 5 3 overthrow of 53-5, 281 Ottoman Empire decline in eighteenth century 19-20 and Greek merchants 21-3 and Phanariots 20-1 effects on Greek society 3-4, 7-10 millet system 10 office of Patriarch 13 revolts against 15-19, 282-3 status of Greeks in 14-15 thirty-day war (1897) 283, 284 Overseas Hellenism, and ethnika zitimata 227-8 Özal, Turgut, and Davos agreement 189-90
Index 348 PAK (Panhellenic Liberation Movement) 168-9, 3oz Paliouritis, Grigorios 2.7 Palmerston, Lord 53 Pángalos, General Theodoros, military dictatorship of 106, 109, 285, ЗЮ Pángalos, Theodoros (politician) 230, z3i.z33-4 Panhellenion 41-2, 295 Papadiamantis, Alexandros 301 Papadopoulos, Colonel Georgios 152, 159,161, 162-3, 164-5, 235 punishment of 171 see also military regime of Colonels Papagos, General Alexandros r r 5, 140, 141,142-3, 148, 301-2 and Greek Rally 144, 302 dependence on US aid 146 economic reconstruction Г45-6 majority system 144-5 Papaheliou, Melpomene (Thyella) 126 Papandreou, Andreas, and PASOK, Г57-8, Г59, 161, 168-9, 175-6, 177-8, 184-5, 298, 239, 246, 302-3 and 1993 election 212-13 and Bank of Crete scandal 211 ‘Contract with the People’ 178-9 Davos agreement 189-90, 195 divorce and health problems 195, 217-18 economic policies of 2t6 elections of 1985 193-4 and austerity programme 194 era of the ‘dinosaurs’ 219 financial scandal 195-6 and Macedonians 207 opposition to Karamanlis’ 2nd term as President 191-3 personal popularity 179-80 reforms of 180-5 and Sismik I Г73, 188 visit to Cyprus 188-9 visit to Poland 187 see also PASOK Papandreou, Georgios 131, 136-7, 246, 303-4 T96T elections 152 1963 elections 153-5 and Centre Union Г44, 152 and Colonels’ military regime 16 r control of army 158 demobilisation of guerrilla armies 133-4 reform programme 157 rejection of ‘double’ enosis for Cyprus 157 Papandreou, Giorgos, and PASOK 245, 246 and financial crisis 250, 257 Papandreou, Margaret 195 Papandreou dynasty 109 Papanikolaou, Georgios 304
Papariga, Aleka, and Communist Party 2T3 Paparrigopoulos, Konstantinos 2 Papathemelis, Stelios 192-3, zi6 Papoulias, Karolos 260, 262 parliamentary democracy 282, 287, 288 modernisation of 63 and traditional society 51-3, бг-3 see also patronage paroikies (colonies) 23 party politics under George I 59, 281-2 under Otto 50 PASOK (Panhellenic Socialist Movement) 168-9, 3oz coalition with Democratic Left 264 decline in electoral support (20Г5) 263 and electoral law 191 financial scandal 195-6 foreign policy of Г78, 185-6 change in style 186-7 Davos agreement 189-90 defence policies 187-9 move towards centre 177-8 official opposition 175-6 Papandreou’s popularity r 79-80 return to power ІПГ993 (‘new’ PASOK) 213-14 education policy 227 and NATO’s bombardment of Serbia 231 privatisation policies 216, 226-7
Index and Simitis 219-2.0, 225-6 and single currency 226, 233 stability and growth programme 252 see also Papandreou, Andreas patronage 59-61, 281 Pattakos, Brigadier Stylianos 159 punishment of 171 see also military regime under Colonels Paul, King 138-9, 144, 148 and Karamanlis 153 Pavlopoulos, Pavlos 270 Pavlopoulos, Prokopis 263, 270 Paxos 16 Peace of Carlowitz 21 Peloponnese, 1821 uprising 280 People’s Party (Laikon Komma) 109, in-13 plebiscite on constitution 135 proportional representation under George II 113-15 Phanariots 20-1, 24-5 philhellenism 33, 38, 280 Philiki Etairia (Friendly Society) 31-2, 34֊5, 44, 279-8o, 294, 296 Phihp, Duke of Edinburgh 210-11 Philip of Macedón 206, 207, 208 Philorthodox conspiracy 50 Piano, Renzo 290 Plastiras, Colonel Nikolaos 98, 106, 109, 114, 134, 285, 304-5 Political Committee of National Liberation (PEEA) 130,132 Political Spring (Politiki Anoixi) 212, 213, Z17, 225 Pontic Greeks 48, 92, 204, 215 Popov, Gavriil 205 Popular Unity party 264 population, changes in and ethnic balance 103-4 after Lausanne Settlement 99-101, 103-4,285 flight from rural to urban areas 145-6 Prespa Agreement, with North Macedonia 265, 267, 269 privatisation, of state-owned enterprises 226-7, 262, 263-4 349 progonoplexia (ancestor obsession) 2, 27 Protestants 206 Protocol of St Petersburg 39 Protopapadakis, Petros 100-1 Provisional Democratic Government 139 Psara 23 Psaros, Colonel Dimitrios 130 Pushkin, A. S. 3 8 Rallis, Dimitrios 62, 74 Rallis, Georgios, and New Democracy Party 177, 179, 246 Rallis dynasty 109 refugees from Middle East through Turkey
265, 266-7, 273 political affiliations of 104-6 resettlement of 101-3, 285 Regime of the Fourth of August 1936 115-17 religious affiliation, and identity cards 234, 236 Republic of Macedonia 244-5 resistance, to Second World War occupation 121-3, 127-9, 286-7 coordination of 127-9 demobilisation of guerrilla armies 13З-4 German reprisals against 123, 286 hostilities between groups 129-30 see also EAM; EDES; ELAS Revolutionary Struggle 240 Rhodes 10 Rice, Condoleezza 240 Rizos Rangavis, Alexandros 70 Roidis, Emmanouil 59 rouspheti 4, 51, 61, 292 Russia and ‘Big’ Bulgaria 65, 70 and Crimean war 60 support for Greek national movement 31 and war of independence 281 war with Ottoman Empire 20
Index 350 Sakellaropoulou, Katerina, election as president of Greece Z70, 271, 272 Salonica (Thessaloniki) 284 capture by Greek troops 86 elections in 88 German occupation of 121 Jewish population in 81, 125, 128-9, շ86 pro-Venizelist coup 87-9 tobacco workers strike 115 Samaras, Antonis negotiations with troika 261 and privatisation 262 and Political Spring 212, 213, 217 Samos 79 Sampson, Nikos 154-5, 299 Sarahs, General Stephanos 307 Sartzetakis, Christos 191-3, 197, 199 Sassoli, David, European Parliament 267 Saunders, Brigadier Stephen 239-40 Schilizzi, Helena 109-11 Scholarios, Georgios Gennadios, patriarch of Constantinople II Seferis, Georgios 103 Senior, Nassau 282 Serapheim, Archbishop of Athens 184-5 Serbia 284 Greek sympathy for 209 NATO’s air bombardment of 230-1 and Ottoman Empire 276 Sheytanoglou 15 shipping, Greek interests in 146 Siantos, Georgios 132, 307, 309 Siemens, bribery by 249 Simitis, Kostas, and PASOK 217, 219-20, 225-6, 237, 245 and 2000 elections 233 and Greek-Turkish relations 220-3, 229 single European currency 226 Sinas, Simon 76 single European currency 233, 288 and financial crisis 250-1, 262 strikes against 226 Sion, David 128-9 Skouphas, Nikolaos 31, 34-5 Skylosophos, Dionysios 15 Slav Macedonian minority 207-9 Smyrna (Izmir) destruction (1922) 275 Greek landings in 91-3 Greek population in 48, 54-5 Treaty of Sèvres 93-5 socialisation policy 185 socialism 23 5-7 Sophoulis, Themistoklis, and Liberal Party 113-15, 134-5. i85 Soutsos, Mikhail 24-5, 36 sovereignty, violations of by Great Powers 89, 95, 130 Soviet Union, exodus of ethnic Greeks
from 204, 205 Special Operations Executive (SOE) 127 Spetsai 23 St George the Younger of Ioannina 57 Stalin, Josef 13 8-9 and Democratic Army 139 percentages agreement 130-1, 136-7 and Pontic Greeks 204 Stamatelopoulos, Nikitas 40-1 Stanhope, Leicester 3 8 state employment 59, 174 and financial crisis 252, 257, 261 and PASOK policies 194 salaries in 185 strikes by employees 194 see also patronage Stephanopoulos, George 227 Stephanopoulos, Kostis, President 217 Stergiadis, Aristeides 93 Stevenson, William 39 Stournaras, Yannis 262 strikes, and demonstrations against bailout conditions 253, 254 Svolos, Alexandres 132 SYRIZA (Coalition of the Radical Left) 259, 260 and 2015 election 264 coalition with ANEL 263 coalition with Independent Greeks 263, 267 losses in 2019 election 269 reversal of austerity measures 263
Index tax evasion 265 increases 263-4, ¿88 underpayment of 251 see also financial crisis Tériade (Efstratios Eleftheriadis) 80-1 Tertsetis, Georgios 297 Theodorakis, Mikis 198, 267 Theotokas, Georgios 87,102-3, 3°5 Thessaloniki see Salònica Thessaly 67, 70 Thiersch, Friedrich 50 thirty-day war (1897) 63, 64-5, 67-9, 283, 284, 292 Thrace, refugees in 104 Tito, President 208 To Potami (The River) party 264 tourism 146, 202-3 18th-century Grand Tour 276 and austerity programme 252 contribution to economy 262, ¿73 and Coronavirus pandemic 272, 290 Tourkokratia (Turkish rule) 3-4, 12, 15-19, 60, 278 and Church 22-3, 36-7 and Venice 16 Treaty of Bucharest (1913) 81 Treaty of Constantinople (1832) 281 Treaty of Lausanne (1923) 186, 206-7, 216, 265, 285 Treaty of London 39, 79 Treaty of San Stephano 70 Treaty of Sèvres 93-5, 99 Trebizond 10 Greek population in 54-5 Trial of the Six 98-9, 100-1, 285 Trikoupis, Kharilaos 63, 69, 70, 71, 78, 250, 282, 305-6 Troezene, assembly of 41-3, 44 troika (EU, IMF and ECB) conditions for assistance to Greece 252, 254, 257, 260 help for Cyprus 258 and third bailout 263-4, ¿88 Truman Doctrine 137, 140 Tsakaloff, Athanasios 31, 34-5 Tsaldaris, Athanasios 217 35* Tsaldaris, Dino 135 Tsaldaris, Panayis 140, 301 and People’s Party 109, in-13, 143 Tsarouchis, Yannis 156 Tsatsos, Konstantinos 170,177,191 Tsipras, Alexis 259, 263 and 2019 elections 269 and agreement on North Macedonia 265, 267, 268, 269 referendum on third troika bailout 263-4 Tsirimokos, Ilias 132 Tsokhatzopoulos, Akis 225, 257 and PASOK 218 Tsolakoglou, General 119 Tsontos, Georgios
(Captain Vardas) 72-3 Tsouderos, Emmanouil 119 Tsovolas, Dimitris, and Democratic Socialist Movement 216 Tuckerman, Charles 2 Turkey ethnic Greeks in 20Ć EU entry 233, 242-3 war with (1919-22) 91-7, 283, 285 see also Greek-Turkish relations; Ottoman Empire UN Convention on the Law of the Sea 215 UN High Commission for Refugees 265 unemployment 253, 265, 270, 288 unified defence doctrine 224 Union of Centrists 264 Union of the Democratic Centre 175 United Democratic Left (EDA) 148 and murder of Lambrakis 153 United States, and Greek emigration 4—5, 73, no, in, 282 universities, reforms in 181 US bases, and PASOK policy 186, 188-9 US postwar aid 139, 141, 287 and 1951 electoral system 144 dependence on 141, Г43, 146 see also Truman Doctrine Uzbekistan, ethnic Greeks in 204
352 Index Vallianos, Panagis 289, 290 Varkiza agreement 134-5 Varoufakis, Yanis 264-5 Vartholomaios, Ecumenical Patriarch, and Serbian Christians 209 Vatopaidi monastery 248-9 Velestinlis, Rigas (Pheraios) 12, 28-9, 192-3, 306-7 The New Political Constitution. 279 Veloukhiotis, Ares (Klaras, Thanasis) 307-8 Venice, Greek community in t6 Venizelist takeover after defeat in Asia Minor 98-9 settlement with Turkish republic 99-101 Venizelos, Eleftherios 71, 78, 83, 99, 102-3, 106, 107, 108-9, 308-9 assassination attempts on 109-11, 286 defeat of 95, 285 and economic crisis 107, 285-6 and Entente 89-91, 92 exile in France 111,114 foreign policy of 107 and Military League 74 and Paris peace conference 91 reform programme 75-7 and Smyrna 91-3 and Treaty of Sèvres 93-5 visit to Turkey (1930) 283 war in Balkans 77-9, 284 Venizelos, Evangelos 210-11, 228, 259 Venizelos, Sophocles, and Liberal Party М3 Vladimirescu, Tudor 3 2 Vryzakis, Theodores 3 8 Wallachia 25 war of independence 26, 39-41, 277, 280-ī 100th anniversary 275 150th anniversary 275-6 200th anniversary 276 agreement on frontier 43, 281 see also Troezene, assembly of Wellington, Duke of 39 Werry, Francis 279 Western European Union 212 western Thrace Bulgarian occupation of 121 ethnic cleansing of Greeks 208 muslims in 206—7 settlement of former Soviet Greeks 205 Wilson, Andrew 172 women, status of 123, 126, 181, 270, 271, 272 and franchise 148 World Council of Hellenes (SAE) 227-8 World War I dispute over Greek participation in 83-7 Greek demands at Paris peace conference 91 xanthon genos, legend of 17, 60 Xanthos,
Emmanouil 31, 34-5 xeniteia 5, no, 146 Xiros, Savvas 239-40 Young Turks 73-5 and forced Ottomanisation 77 see also Mustafa Kemal Ypsilantis, Alexandres 25, 32-3, 36, 280 Yugoslavia, treaties with 107 Zaev, Zoran 265, 268 Zakhariadis, Nikos 135, 139, 309 Zakynthos (Zante) 16 Zalikoglou, Grigorios 278 Zarifi, Georgios 82 Zervas, Napoleon 309-10 Zhivkov, Todor 188 Zikos, Mikhail 57 Zographos, Christaki Efendi 82 Zographos, Panayiotis 12 Zolotas, Xenophon 185,199 Zorbas, Colonel Nikolaos 73 r~~ ------------------------------՜Հ V Bayerische Staatsbibliothek ViCr.chen _ У |
| adam_txt |
CONTENTS List of illustrations Preface pageviii xv i Introduction i շ Ottoman rule and the emergence of the Greek state 1770-1831 7 3 Nationbuilding,the‘GreatIdea’andNationaISchismi83i-i9Zz 46 4 Catastrophe and occupation and their consequences 1923-49 98 5 The legacy of the civil war 1950-74 142 6 The consolidation of democracy and the populist decade 1974-90 166 7 Balkan turmoil and political modernisation: Greece in the 1990s 201 8 Greece in the new Millennium: from affluence to austerity 239 9 A Greek Odyssey: two hundred years since independence 275 Biographies The royal houses of Greece Presidents Tables Key dates Guide to further reading Index 291 311 312 313 323 330 339 vii
GUIDE TO FURTHER READING This selective guide to further reading lists titles in English only, many of which contain detailed bibliographies. BIBLIOGRAPHY Mary Jo Clogg and Richard Clogg, Greece, World Bibliographical Series, voi. xvii (Oxford/Santa Barbara: Clio Press, 1980) Thanos Vėrėmis and Mark Dragoumis, Greece, World Bibliographical Series, voi. xvii (Oxford/Santa Barbara, 1998), revised and amplified edition. Paschalis M. Kitromilides and Marios Evriviades, Cyprus, World Bibliographical Series, voi. xxviii (Oxford/Santa Barbara: Clio Press, 1982; revised and amplified edition 1995) GENERAL Greece, 3 vols. (London: Admiralty, Naval Intelligence Division, 1944-5) (Geographical Handbook Series) Dodecanese (London: Admiralty, Naval Intelligence Division, 1943) (Geographical Handbook Series) John Campbell and Philip Sherrard, Modern Greece (London: Ernest Benn, 1968) Richard Clogg, Ճ short history of modern Greece, 2nd edition (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986) Douglas Dakin, The unification of Greece 1770-1923 (London: Ernest Benn, 1972) Yorgos A. Kourvetaris and Betty A. Dobratz, A profile of modern Greece in search of identity (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987) 330
Guide to further reading ЗЗ1 Thomas Gallant, Modern Greece: front the war of independence to the present (London: Bloomsbury, 2.016) John Koliopoulos and Thanos Vėrėmis, Modern Greece: a history since 1821 (Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009) Nicholas Doumanis, A history of Greece (Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan, 2010) Timothy Boatswain and Colin Nicolson, A traveller’s history of Greece (London: The bookHaus, 2011) Yannis Hamilakis, The nation and its ruins: antiquity, archaeology, and national imagination in Greece (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007) William Miller, Greek life in town and country (London: George Newnes, 1905) C. M. Woodhouse, Modern Greece: a short history (London: Faber and Faber, 1999) Kostas Kostis, History’s spoiled children: the formation of the modern Greek state (London: Hurst and Company, 2018) Peter Mackridge, Language and national identity in Greece, 1776-1976 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009) Roderick Beaton, Greece: biography of a modern nation (London: Penguin, 2019) Thomas Gallant, The Edinburgh history of the Greeks, 1768 to 1918: the long nineteenth century (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2015) Antonis Liakos and Nicholas Doumanis, The Edinburgh history of the Greeks, 1909 to 2012 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2021) Sta this Kalyvas, Modern Greece: what everyone needs to know (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015) OTTOMAN RULE AND THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE Apostólos E. Vacalopoulos, The Greek nation, 1473-1669: the cultural and economic background of modern Greek society (New Brunswick: Rutgers University
Press, 1976) D. A. Zakythinos, The making of modern Greece: from Byzantium to inde pendence (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1976) Steven Runciman, The Great Church in captivity: a study ofthe Patriarchate of Constantinople from the eve of the Turkish conquest to the Greek war of independence (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968) Richard Clogg, ed. and trans., The movement for Greek independence 1770-1821: a collection of documents (London: Macmillan, 1976) G. P. Henderson, The revival of Greek thought 1620-1830 (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1971) Constanze Güthenke, Placing modern Greece: the dynamics of romantic Hellenism 1770-1840 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008)
332 Guide to further reading Paschalis M. Kitromilides, The Enlightenment as social criticism: Iosipos Moisiodax and Greek culture in the eighteenth century (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992) Paschalis Kitromilides, Enlightenment and revolution: the making of mod ern Greece (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2013) David Brewer, The fame of freedom: the Greek war of independence 1821-1833 (London: John Murray, 2001) David Brewer, Greece, the hidden centuries: Turkish rule from the fall of Constantinople to Greek independence (London: I. B.Tauris, 2010) Helen Angelomatis-Tsougarakis, The eve of the Greek revival. British travellers’ perceptions of early nineteenth-century Greece (London: Routledge, 1990) Douglas Dakin, The Greek struggle for independence, 1821-1833 (London: Batsford, 1973) C. M. Woodhouse, The Greek war of independence: its historical setting (London: Hutchinson, 1952) C. W. Crawley, The question of Greek independence: a study of British policy in the Near East, 1821-1833 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1930) E. M. Edmonds, trans., Kolokotrones: the klepht and the warrior: sixty years of peril and daring: an autobiography (London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1893) H. A. Lidderdale, trans., Makriyannis: the memoirs of General Makriyannis 1797-1864 (London: Oxford University Press, 1966) William St Clair, That Greece might still be free: the philhellenes in the war of independence (London: Oxford University Press, 1972) C. M. Woodhouse, The battle of Navarino (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1965) C. M. Woodhouse, Capodistria: the founder of Greek
independence (London: Oxford University Press, 1973) INDEPENDENT GREECE 1830-1923 Leonard Bower and Gordon Bolitho, Otho I, king of Greece: a biography (London: Selwyn and Blount, 1939) John Anthony Petropulos, Politics and statecraft in the kingdom of Greece, 1833-43 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968) Charles A. Frazee, The Orthodox Church and independent Greece, 182132 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969) Marietta Economopoulou, Parties and politics in Greece 1844-33 (Athens: 1984) Robert Holland and Diana Markides, The British and the Hellenes: strug gles for mastery in the Eastern Mediterranean 1830-1960 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006)
Guide to further reading 333 Domna N. Dontas, Greece and the great powers 1863-y; (Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1966) Roderick Beaton and David Ricks, eds., The making of modern Greece: nationalism, romanticism and the uses of the past (iypy-i8p6) (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2009) Romilly Jenkins, The Dilessi murders (London: Longman, 1961) John S. Koliopoulos, Brigands with a cause. Brigandage and irredentism in modern Greece 1821-1912 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987) R. A. H. Bickford-Smith, Greece under King George (London: Richard Bentley, 1893) Philip Carabott, ed., Greek society in the making, 1863-1913: realities, symbols and visions (Aldershot: Ashgate, 1997) Evangelos Kofos, Greece and the eastern crisis, i8yy-y8 (Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1975) Theodore George Tatsios, The Megali Idea and the Greek-Turkish war of 1897: the impact of the Cretan problem on Greek irredentism, 1866-9 У (New York: Columbia University Press, 1984) Charles K. Tuckerman, The Greeks of today (New York: Putnam, 1878) John A. Levandis, The Greek foreign debt and the Great Powers 182198 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1944) Pinar Senisik, The transformation of Ottoman Crete: revolts, politics and identity in the late nineteenth century (London: I. B. Tauris, 2011) Gerasimos Augustinos, Consciousness and history: nationalist critics of Greek society, і89у֊і9і4 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1977) Douglas Dakin, The Greek struggle in Macedonia 189У-1913 (Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1966) S. Victor Papacosma, The military in Greek politics:
the 1909 coup d’état (Kent: Kent State University Press, 1977) Doros Alastos [Evdoros Joannides], Venizelos: patriot, statesman, revolu tionary (London: Lund Humphries, 1942) George B. Leon, Greece and the great powers, 1914-iy (Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1974) George B. Leon, The Greek socialist movement and the Pirst World War: the road to unity (New York: Columbia University Press, 1976) N. Petsalis-Diomidis, Greece at the Paris Peace Conference 1919 (Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1978) Gerasimos Augustinos, The Greeks of Asia Minor: confession, commu nity and ethnicity in the nineteenth century (Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1992) Nicholas Doumanis, Before the nation: Muslim-Christian coexistence and its destruction in late Ottoman Anatolia (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013) Michael Llewellyn Smith, Ionian vision: Greece in Asia Minor, 1919-22 (London: Allen Lane, 1973,1998)
334 Guide to further reading Arnold J. Toynbee, The western question in Greece and Turkey: a study in the contact of civilisations (London: Constable, 192.2) Marjorie Housepian, Smyrna 1922: the destruction of a city (London: Faber and Faber, 1972) Harry J. Psomiades, The eastern question, the last phase: a study in GreekTurkish diplomacy (Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies, 1968) Greece 1924-49 George Mavrogordatos, Stillborn republic: social coalitions and party strategies in Greece 1922-16 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983) Dimitri Pentzopoulos, The Balkan exchange of minorities and its impact upon Greece (The Hague: Mouton, 1962) Bruce Clark, Twice a stranger: how mass expulsion forged modern Greece and Turkey (London: Granta Books, 2006) Charles B. Eddy, Greece and the Greek refugees (London: George Allen and Unwin, 1931) William Miller, Greece (London: Ernest Benn, 1928) Elliot Grinnell Mears, Greece today: the aftermath of the refugee impact (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1929) Elisabeth Kontogiorgi, Population exchange in Greek Macedonia: the rural settlement of refugees 1922-1933 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2006) Mark Mazower, Greece and the inter-war economic crisis (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991) John S. Koliopoulos, Greece and the British connection 1915-41 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1977) Mario Cervi, The hollow legions: Mussolini’s blunder in Greece 1940-1 (London: Chatto and Windus, 1972) Matthew Willingham, Perilous commitments: the battle for Greece and Crete 1940-41 (Staplehurst, Kent: Spellmount, 2005) Robin Higham, Diary of a
disaster. British aid to Greece, 1940-1 (Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky, 1986) Bickham Sweet-Escott, Greece: a political and economic survey 1939-51 (London: Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1954) C. M. Woodhouse, The struggle for Greece 1941-9 (London: Hart-Davis, MacGibbon, 1976) Violetta Hionidou, Famine and death in occupied Greece, 1941-1944 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006) André Gerolymatos, The British and the Greek resistance, 1936-1944: spies, saboteurs, and partisans (Lanham: Lexington Books, 2018) Richard Clogg, ed. and trans., Greece 1940-1949: occupation, resistance, civil war: a documentary history (London: Paigrave Macmillan, 2002)
Guide to further reading 335 Spiros Tsoutsoumpis, A history of the Greek resistance in the Second World War: the people’s armies (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2016) Giorgos Antoniou and A. Dirk Moses, eds., The Holocaust in Greece (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018) Mark Mazower, Inside Hitler’s Greece: the experience of occupation, 1941-44 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993) Sheila Lecoeur, Mussolini’s Greek island: fascism and the Italian occupa tion of Syros in World War II (London: I. B. Tauris, 2009) John Hondros, Occupation and resistance. The Greek agony 1941-4 (New York: Pella, 1983) Anthony Rogers, Churchill’s folly: Leros and the Aegean. The last great defeat of the Second World War (London: Cassell, 2003) Richard Clogg, ed., Bearing gifts to Greeks: humanitarian aid to Greece in the 1940s (Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan / St Antony’s College, 2008) Alan Ogden, Sons of Odysseus: SOE heroes in Greece (London: Bene Factum Publishing, 2012) John O. Iatrides, Revolt in Athens: the Greek communist ‘second round’ 1944-J (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1972) George Alexander, The prelude to the Truman doctrine. British policy in Greece 1944-7 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982) William Hardy McNeill, The Greek dilemma: war and aftermath (London: Gollancz, 1947) Heinz Richter, British intervention in Greece. Trom Varkiza to civil war, February 194s to August 1946 (London: Merlin Press, 1986) David Close, The origins of the Greek civil war (London: Longman, 1995) Peter J. Stavrakis, Moscow and Greek communism 1944-9 (Ithaca: Cornell
University Press, 1989) Mark Mazower, ed., After the war was over: reconstructing the family, nation, and state in Greece, 1943-1960 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000) Philip Carabott and Thanasis D. Sfikas, The Greek civil war: essays on a conflict of exceptionalism and silences (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004) Loring M. Danforth and Riki van Boeschoten, Children of the Greek civil war: refugees and the politics of memory (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012) Polymeris Voglis, Becoming a subject: political prisoners during the Greek civil war (Oxford: Berghahn, 2002) Howard Jones, ‘A new kind of war’: America’s global strategy and the Truman Doctrine in Greece (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989) John S. Koliopoulos, Plundered loyalties: Axis occupation and civil strife in Greek West Macedonia, 1941-1949 (London: Hurst and Company, 1999)
336 Guide to further reading Lawrence S. Wittner, American intervention in Greece, 1943-9 (New York: Columbia University Press, 198z) John O. Iatrides and Linda Wrigley, eds., Greece at the crossroads: the civil war and its legacy (University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995) GREECE SINCE I95O William H. McNeill, The metamorphosis of Greece since World War II (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978) David Close, Greece since 194y. politics, economy and society (Harlow: Pearson Education, 200z) Ioannis Stefanidis, Stirring the Greek nation: political culture, irredentism and anti-Americanism in post-war Greece, 1945-1967 (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007) Evanthis Hatzivassiliou, Greece and the Cold War: frontline state, 1952196y (London: Routledge, zoo6) Speros Vryonis, Jr, The mechanism of catastrophe: the Turkish pogrom of September 6-у, 1955, and the destruction of the Greek community of Istanbul (New York: Greekworks.com, 2005) Keith R. Legg, Politics in modern Greece (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1969) Richard Clogg, Parties and elections in Greece: the search for legitimacy (London: C. Hurst, 1987) Stan Draenos, Andreas Papandreou: the making of a Greek democrat and political maverick (London: I. B. Tauris, 201z) Alexandros Nafpliotis, Britain and the Greek Colonels: accommodating the Junta in the Cold War (London: I. B. Tauris, 2013) James E. Miller, The United States and the making of modern Greece. History and power: 1950-19У4 (Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press, 2009) C. M. Woodhouse, The rise and fall of the Greek
Colonels (London: Grafton, 1985) Christos Kassimeris, Greece and the American embrace: Greek foreign policy towards Turkey, the US and the western alliance (London: I. B. Tauris, 2009) Nicos Mouzelis, Modern Greece: facets of underdevelopment (London: Macmillan, 1978) Theodore A. Couloumbis, The United States, Greece and Turkey: the trou bled triangle (New York: Praeger, 1983) Michails Spourdalakis, The rise of the Greek socialist party (London: Routledge, 1988) George Kassimeris, Europe’s last red terrorists: the revolutionary organiza tion і y November (London: Hurst and Company, 2001)
Guide to further reading 337 Konstantina Maragkou, Britain, Greece and the Colonels, 1967-1974: between pragmatism and human rights (London: Hurst and Company, 2019) Brady Kiesling, Greek urban warriors: resistance and terrorism 1967-2014 (Athens: Lycabettus Press, 2014) Vicky Pryce, Greekonomics: the euro crisis and why politicians don’t get it (London: Biteback Publishing, 2012) Michael Mitsopoulos and Theodore Pelagidis, Understanding the crisis in Greece: from boom to bust (Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan, 2012) Yannis Palaiologos, The 13 th Labour of Hercules: inside the Greek crisis (London: Portobello Books, 2014) Yannis Varoufakis, Adults in the room: my battle with Europe’s deep establishnent (London: The Bodley Head, 2017) Costas Douzinas, SYRIZA in power: reflections of an accidental politician (London: Wiley, 2017) CYPRUS H. D. Purcell, Cyprus (London: Ernest Benn, 1969) George Hill, A history of Cyprus, vol. iv, The Ottoman province, the British colony 1571-1928 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1952) Anastasia Yiangou, Cyprus in World War II: politics and conflict in the eastern Mediterranean (London: I. B. Tauris, 2010) Stephen Xydis, Cyprus: conflict and conciliation 1954-8 (Columbus: Ohio State University, 1967) Stephen Xydis, Cyprus: reluctant republic (The Hague: Mouton, 1973) Nancy Crawshaw, The Cyprus revolt: an account of the struggle for union with Greece (London: George Allen and Unwin, 1978) Robert Holland, Britain and the revolt in Cyprus 1954-1959 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998) Stanley Kyriakides, Cyprus: constitutionalism and crisis
government (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1968) Kyriacos C. Markides, The rise and fall of the Cyprus republic (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1977) Rebecca Bryant, Imagining the modern: the cultures of nationalism in Cyprus (London: I. B. Tauris, 2004) GREEKS ABROAD Richard Clogg, ed., The Greek diaspora in the twentieth century (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1999) Theodore Saloutos, The Greeks in the United States (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1964)
338 Guide to further reading Charles C. Moskos, Greek Americans: struggle and success (New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 1989) Anastasios M. Tamis, The immigration and settlement of Macedonian Greeks in Australia (Melbourne: La Trobe University Press, 1994) Peter D. Chimbos, ed., The Canadian Odyssey: the Greek experience in Canada (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1980) Alexander Kitroeff, The Greeks in Egypt, 1919-193 7: ethnicity and class (London: Ithaca Press, 1989) Dimitris Tziovas, ed., Greek diaspora and migration since iyoo: society, politics and culture (Aldershot: Ashgate, zoo9) RELIGION K. E. Fleming, Greece: a Jewish history (Princeton: Princeton University Press, Z008) Bea Lewkowicz, The Jewish community of Salonika: history, memory, identity (London: Vallentine Mitchell, zoo6) Richard Clogg, ed., Minorities in Greece: aspects of a plural society (London: Hurst and Company, zooz) Victor Roudometof and Vasillos N. Makrides, eds., Orthodox Christianity in 21st-century Greece: the role of religion in culture, ethnicity and pol itics (Aldershot: Ashgate, zoio)
INDEX ‘17 November’ terrorist group 187, 2-15, 2-34, 2-39-4° administrative decentralisation, under PASOK reforms 181 Aegean islands, and Greek-Turkish tensions 171-3, 223, 2.28-9 and oil 173, 188-9 Agnew, Spiro 162 Agrapha villages 15 Albania 107 exodus of ethnic Greeks from 201-3 Greek relations with, 1994 214, 215 immigrants from 204 and Mussolini’s attack on Greece 118-19 religious prohibition in 203 see also Epirus Alexander the Great 208 Alexander, King (son of George I) 89, 95 Alexandros Karatheodoris Pasha 70, 83 Alfred, Prince 55, 292 Algava, Isaac 128-9 Ali Pasha 20, 32, 296 Allende, Salvador, and Hortensia 187 Alliance of the Left and of Progress 197, 198 Amalia of Oldenburg (wife of King Otto) 50, 53-5, 58, 301 Andrew, Prince (son of George I) 100-1 Angelopoulos, Angelos 132 Ankara Convention (1930) 107 Annan plan, see Cyprus Anthimos, Patriarch of Jerusalem 13 anti-Americanism and Bush’s ‘war on terror’ 240 and Cyprus 223 and Imia 220-3 terrorist attacks 234 anti-clericalism 13 antiquities 240, 249 European collectors 276 Arafat, Yasser 187 Aristotle, and Physiognomonica 30 arkhaiolatreia (worship of antiquity) 27 army modernisation plan (1996) 224 Revolution of 21 April 1967 159-60 right-wing elements in 157-8 Asia Minor Greek occupation 284-5 and population exchange 99-101, 103-4 war in (1919-22) 91-7, 283, 285 Askoutsis, Nikolaos 132 Aspida (Shield) and Andreas Papandreou 158, 159 Athanasiadou, Anna 271 Athens Academy of 76, 290 choice as capital 47, 49 demonstrations in 162, 164-5, ΐ70-ΐ, 249, 253-7 German occupation of 121 metro 288 National Library and
Opera House 288, 289 and Oraia Ellas café 52 339
Index 340 austerity programme (2.010) 251-2, 273 relaxed 263 results of 252-3 see also financial crisis; troika Australia, Greek emigration to 146, 192—3 and Macedonians 207 autochthons 47, 296 Bakirtzis, Colonel Evripidis 132 Bakoyanni, Dora 246 bailouts, see financial crisis; troika Balkan alliance, and war with Ottoman Empire 77-9 conflicting territorial claims 79-81 Greek new territories 81, 284 Balkan crisis (1875-8), effects on Greece 65-7 Balkan nationalism 47 Balkan nuclear-free zone 187 Balkan Pacts (1934) 107 (1953)147 Balkan wars (1912-13) 268-9, 2^3, 284 Bank of Crete, and financial scandal 195-6 Benakis, Emmanouil 78 Benjamin of Lesvos 32 Bosnian conflict 209 brigandage 48-9, 66-7 Britain and Cyprus 147, 149, 154-5, 167 and EDES 129-30, 131 and Mussolini’s attack on Greece it 9 and Venizelos 284 and war of independence 281 see also Byron; Canning; Castlereagh; Churchill; Entente powers British Museum 270 Bulgaria 107, 284 armistice (1918) 284 attack on Serbia 8 5 and Macedonia 268-9 see also Balkans Bulgarian Exarchate 67 Bush, President George W. 240, 244 Byron, Lord 33, 38, 210-11, 276, 280 Byzantine Empire 2-3, 7 Canada Greek migrants in ա, 227-8 and Macedonians 207 Canning, George 39 Cappadocia, Greek population in 48, 92. Castlereagh, Viscount 1 catholics 10 Cavafy, Constantine 112-13 Cem, Ismail, earthquake diplomacy 232 Centre Union 152, 155, 157, 168, 302, 303-4 split 158, 159 see also Papandreou, Georgios Chios 10, 15, 33, 79, 86, 297 Chrysostomos, Archbishop of Smyrna 94 Church, Richard 297 Church settlement (1833) 49 Churchill, Winston 119, 127,
136-7, 2.93 establishment of regency 134 percentages agreement with Stalin 130-1 civil war (1946-9) 141, 142-3, 2 7 Clerides, President of Cyprus 224, 229 clientelism 226 Clinton, President Bill 210-11, 233 and anti-Americanism 231 and Imia 220, 221 Coalition of the Radical Left, see SYRIZA coalition government after June 2012 election 261, 263 under Papademos 257 Codrington, Admiral Sir Edward 41 Colonels, see military regime of Colonels communism and civil war 141, 142-3, z%7 expulsion of Yugoslavia from Cominform 139 and military regime r 61 post-civil war attitude to 144,145 see also United Democratic Left
Index Communist Party of Greece (KKE) 104, 309 and 2015 elections 263, 264 and 2019 election 269 abstention from 1946 election 135 and Alliance of the Left and of Progress 197 balance of power in 1989 196-8 balance of power under George II 113-15, 286 boycott over ratification of EC treaty 174 and Democratic Army 13 7-9 legalisation of by Karamanlis 167-8, 235,287 resistance to fascist occupation 122-3 share of vote in 2012 259, 260 and Slav Macedonians 208 split into two parties (1967) 160 see also EAM Communist Party of Greece of the Interior 160, 197 Congress of Berlin 65, 70, 104 Congress of Vienna 29, 294 Constantine, Crown Prince (subsequently Constantine I, King of the Hellenes) 291 abdication 98, 100-1, 284, 285 dispute with Venizelos 83, 284 see also National Schism Constantine II 169-70 confrontation with Georgios Papandreou 158-9 exile under Colonels 161, 162 Constantine XI Palaiologos 18-19 Constantinople 7,12, 20 and the Great Idea 47 Greek population in 54-5 and Venizelos 91 see also Istanbul constitution, first (1822) 280 construction investment after civil war T45 Corfu (Kerkyra) 10, 16, 87 Italian occupation of 107 Corinth canal 68, 282 Coronavirus (Covid֊i9) pandemic (2020) 272, 273, 288, 290 З41 corruption 245 and financial crisis 256, 257, 288 Couvaras, Costas 126 Crete 10, 15, 17, 70, 85 defence of 119 enosis 292 German occupation of 121 and Goudi coup 73-5 muslims in 48, 99 uprisings in 65, 67-9 Crimean War 53, 60 Cyprus 5, 10, 67, 85, 229-30 accession to EU 223-4 and Greek-controlled area 244 Annan plan 243-4 British interest in 147, 149, 154-5 and
Colonels 162, 287 debt crisis in 258 and enosis 147, 283 Greek population in 104 and Makarios 271-2 muslims in 48 power sharing in 149, 155 and taksim (partition) 148 Turkish invasion (1974) 151, 154-y, 166 Turkish occupation of North 172, 188-9, 2-83, 287 UN peacekeeping force in 155 see also Grivas; Makarios III Cythera 16 Damaskinos, Archbishop of Athens 128-9, 134, 136-7, z93 Daumier, Alphonse 64 Deliyannis,Theodores 61, 63, 282, 291-2 and revolt in Crete 67-9 Delta, Penelope 78 Demertzis, Konstantīnos 300 Demirel, President Süleyman 223 Democratic Army 137-9, 141, 143 Democratic Defence 168-9 Democracy in Europe Movement 2025 264-5 Democratic Left (Dimokratiki Aristeta) 259, 260 and coalition government 261, 264
342 Index Democratic Socialist Party 303 Dervenakia, Battle of 40-1 diaspora 4, 2.27-8, 273, 276 benefactors 76, 289 and nationalism 28 and Philiki Etairia 31 in Soviet Union 204-5 see also Greek merchants Dervenakia, Battle of 40-1 Dimas, Stavros 262-3 Dionysios IV Mouselimis 13 Dodecanese islands, Greek population in 104 and Italy 107, 281 Don Pacifico incident 53, 301 Dragatsani, battle of (1821) 33, 280 Dramali, Mahmud 40-1 Drosios, Georgios 76 Dukakis, Michael 5, in, 227 EAM (National Liberation Front) 122-3, 127, 280 and Papandreou government 131, 13З-4 and PEEA 130, 132 earthquake diplomacy 221, 232-3, 283 Ecevit, Bülent 176 Ecumenical Patriarchate 206 Eden, Anthony 134, 136-7 EDES (National Republican Greek League) 123, 127-9, 304,310 and Britain 129-30, 131 education, and classical past 49, 278 Egypt, Greek migration to 78 Eisenhower, General Dwight 140 El Greco (Theotokopoulos, Domenikos) 17 ELAS (National People’s Liberation Army) 123, 127-9, 287, 307 attack on EDES 129-30, 310 and demobilisation 133-4 postwar tensions 137-9 Elgin marbles 210-11, 231, 2-33-4. 249 call for loan of 270 Elisabeth, Princess of Romania 293 Eltiniki Nomarkbia (Greek Nomarchy) (1806, anon) 277-8 emigration 4, 69, in from financial crisis 265, 273, 288 in postwar period 146, 273 from Turkey 151 to United States 282 see also diaspora enosis (union) 147, 149, 283, 292, 298-9 Entente powers 83 and Dardanelles campaign 8 5 and royalist government 87 and Smyrna 91-3 and Venizelos 85, 91 environmental concerns, and forest fires 247-8 EOKA (National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters) 147, 283
EON (National Youth Organisation) 116, 117, 300 Epirus 67, 70, 81, 85, 91 and Greek-Italian war 120-1 see also Albania EPON (Unified Panhellenic Youth Organisation) 123 Erdoğan, Recep Tayyip, Turkish president 242-3, 265, 266 ERT (Greek Radio and Television), closure of 261 Ethniki Etairia (National Society) 69, 72-3 European Realistic Disobedience Front (MeRA25; Metopo Evropaikis Realistikis Anypakois) 265, 269 European Union accession of Cyprus 223-4, 244 customs union with Turkey 215 diplomatic relations with Macedonia 213-14 emergency loan from 194 Greek membership of 174, 215, 237, 238, 287-8 changing attitude to 178 Maastricht Treaty 211
Index and PASOK policy i86, 187 and refugees from Turkey 266-7 Turkish accession to 233, 242-3 see also financial crisis; troika Evert, Angelos 128-9 Evert, Mikiades 212 and New Democracy 213, 225 Evgenidis, Stephanos 82 Ezekiel, Bishop of Melbourne 192-3 Fallmerayer, J. P. 2 famine 121,124-5, 2-86 financial crisis (2008-9) 250-1 anti-German feeling 251 asset sales 254 bailouts 251-2, 253-7, 258 defence spending 256 emigration 265, 273, 288 recovery from 269, 272, 273, 288 results of 262 and taxation system 251, 257, 261 see also troika Fleet, General James van 140 Florakis, Kharilaos 185, 197, 199 France and Venizelos 284 and war of independence 281 Frederica, Queen (wife of King Paul), and Karamanlis 138-9, 295 Friendly Society, see Fbiliki Etairia FYROM (Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) 207-9 agreement on name 244, 265, 267 Greek relations with 213-14 interim accord 214 US recognition as Republic of Macedonia 244-5 see also Macedonia Gavdos 223 Gavriilidis, Kostas 132 Gennadius, loannis 70 George, Prince, High Commissioner of Crete 69 George I, King 55-9, 83, 281, 284, 292-3 foreign policy of 65 343 George II, King 98, 100-1,106, 11315, 119, 138-9, 140,193 appointment of regent 134,136-7 exile 285 and resistance groups 123,127-9 restoration 286 Germany, Wehrmacht occupation 286 Giotopoulos, Alexandros 240 Gizikis, Lieutenant-General Phaidon 163-5 Golden Dawn (Chrysi Avgi) June 2012 election 260 2015 elections 264 disintegration after 2019 election 269-70 links with neo-Nazis 259 Gorbachev, Mikhail 205 Gorgopotamos viaduct, destruction of 117, 307,310 Goudi coup
(1909) 71, 72-4, 114, 284, 293, 308 Gounaris, Dimitrios 98, 100-1 Gounaropoulos, Georgios 120 government bond purchase, and financial crisis 258 Great Crash (1929) 286 effects on world economy 107 Great Idea, the (Megali Idea) 46-7, 60, 98, 275, 282, 296 and National Schism 83-7 and occupation of Asia Minor 284-5 Greek merchants and Ottoman trade 21-3 development of national consciousness 25-7, 277-8 and national movement 23-5 Greek Rally 144, 295, 302 Greek-Serbian treaty (1913) 79 Greek Solution party 269 Greek-Turkish relations 283-4 in mid twentieth century 150-1, 162,163, 213, 238 in 2000s 242-3 Davos agreement 189-90 economic consequences of tension 173-4 and Erdoğan 265
Index 344 Greek-Turkish relations (cont.) Greek defence spending 224 and Imia (Kardak) 220-3 and Kosovo war 231-2 and Ocalan 230 PASOK defence policy 187-9 and refugees 266-7 territorial claims in Aegean 171-3, 223, 228-9, 283-4 see also Cyprus; earthquake diplomacy; Ottoman Empire; thirty-day war Grey, Sir Edward 84-5 Grigorios V, Patriarch of Constantinople it, 13.36-7. 277, 2-93-4 Grivas, General Georgios, and EOKA 147, 154-5, 299 guerrillas (Makedonomakboi) 72-3, 126 see also EDES; ELAS; resistance Guizot, François-Pierre 296 Hadzianestis, General 98,100-1 Hanke, Hans 52 Hansen, Theophilos 76, 290 Hansen, Christian 76 haradj (tax on Christians) 14 Haralambopoulos, Yannis 187 Hawke, Bob 192-3 Hellenic Library 271 heritage, awareness of 1-2, 27, 278 Hess, Peter von 41 heterochthons 47, 296 resentment towards 50-1 Hitler, Adolf 118, 119 Hobhouse, John Cam, on condition of Greeks (1809-11) 276-7 Holbrooke, Richard 220-3 hospodars 21, 24-5 Hydra 23, 26 hyperinflation 124-5, K 2 Ibrahim Pasha 39, 281 IDEA (Sacred Bond of Greek Officers) 158 idionym law 106 Ieronymos II, Archbishop 271 Imia (Kardak), crisis 220-3, 283 immigration, in twentieth century 273 Independent Greeks 259, 260 and 2015 election 264 coalition with SYRIZA 263, 267 infrastructure EU subsidies for 288 modernisation in 2000s 240 railway system 282 Ioakheim, Metropolitan of Kozani 132 Ionian Islands (Corfu, Cephalonia, Zakynthos, Cythera, Levkas, Ithaca, Paxos) French occupation of 29 and Venetian rule 16 Ioannidis, Brigadier Dimitrios 163-5 punishment of 171 Islam, conversion to 14 Istanbul, 1955 anti-Greek
riots in 222-3, 283 Italy armistice (1943) 129 occupation of Greece 121, 286 treaties with 107 war with i r 8, 120-1 Ithaca 16 janissary levy (paidomazoma) 14 Jaruzelski, General 187 Jewish community and Nazi extermination 206, 286 Salonica 81, 125, 128-9 John, Don, of Austria, and Lepanto 15 John Paul II, Pope, and Great Schism (1054) 241 Johnson, President Lyndon, and Cyprus 155 Joint US Military Advisory and Planning Group (JUSMAG) 140 Kaftantzoglou, Lysandros 76 Kammenos, Panos 263, 267 Kanellopoulos, Panayiotis, and National Radical Union 159 Kapodistrias, Count Ioannis 32, 41-3, 280,294-5 assassination of 43 Karakioulaphis, Anastasios 30 karamanlides 54-5
Index Karamanlis, Konstantinos 6, 139, 184-5, zoīJ zo9 2.10-11, 217, 2x9, 246, 295-6, 302 and 1961 elections 151-2 and Greek accession to EC 149-51, 174, 2-87-8 agreement with Menderes over Cyprus 149 metapolitefsi 166-8, 170 and National Radical Union 148 New Democracy’s structure 176 and Olympic Games 242 ‘opening’ to Balkans 174-5 Presidency 177, 191-3, 200 referendum on monarchy 169-70, 287 resignation of 153 return from exile 165 tensions in Aegean Islands 171-3 Karamanlis, Kostas, and New Democracy 219, 246 election of 2000 233 2004 election 245 resignation 249 Karatzaferis, Giorgos, and LAOS 248 Karavangelis, Germanos, Bishop of Kastoria 72-3 Kastellorizo 157 katharevousa 2, 27, 49, 157, 301 Keun, Bernhard 298 Khatzibeis, Stamatis 132 Khatzimikhail, Theophilos 80-1 Khoremis family 78 Khristodoulos, Archbishop of Athens 234, 237, 241 Khruschev, Nikita 282 Khrysanthopoulos, Photakos 39 Kissinger, Dr Henry 167 KKE, see Communist Party of Greece Kleanthis, Stamatis 76 klefts 279 and resistance to Turks 15, 40-1 Kokkalis, Petros 132 Kolettis, Ioannis 296-7 and the Great Idea 47, 51, 269-70 Kolokotronis, Theodoras 35, 40-1, 43։ 2-97 Kondylis, General Georgios 106, 113 Konstantinovna, Olga 292 345 Kontoglou, Photis 54-5, 103,156 Korais, Adamantios 2-3, 28, 30, 278, 297-8 Koryzis, Alexandros, and war with Italy 119 Koskotas, George, and Bank of Crete financial scandal 195-6, 211 Kosovo 230-1 Kostaki Mousouros Pasha 83 Kotzias, Kostas 116 Koufodinas, Dimitris 240 Koumoundouros, Alexandros 305 Koundouriotis, Admiral Pavlos, election as President 106 Koutsogiorgas, Agamemnon
211 Kütchük, Fazii 149 Lagarde, Christine 260 Laiki Bank 258 Lambrakis, Grigorios 153, 191 language, of Greek populations 48, 54-5։ 2-°5 and population exchange 99-101, 285 purity of 2, 27-8, 49, 157, 278, 298, 301 LAOS (Laikos Orthodox Synagermos) 248, 249, 259 Leo the Wise, Oracles of 18-19, zo Lesvos, refugee camps 266 Levkas (Lefkada) 16 Leyen, Ursula von der, EU Commission 267 Liani, Dimitra 195, 213, 217-18 Lloyd George, David 96 loans, from protecting powers 64-5 and International Financial Commission 69 see also troika Lymberis, Admiral Khristos 220 Lyons, Sir Edmund 5 3 Macedonia agreement with 265, 267 and Albanian national movement 77 and KKE 104, 269 refugees in 103, 267 territorial claims in 67, 72-3, 79-81, 268-9
34 6 Index Macedonia (cont.) and Young Turk conspiracy 73-5 see also FYROM; North Macedonia; Republic of Macedonia Mahmud II, Sultan zo, 32, 39-41, 281 Makarezos, Colonel Nikolaos 159 punishment of 171 see also military regime under Colonels Makarios III, Archbishop and President of Cyprus 147, 298-9 and independent Cyprus 149, 154-3 and Ioannidis 163-5 and power-sharing 155 relations with Greek military regime 162 Makriyannis, General Yannis 12, 3 5 Makronisos (prison island) 138-9 Mandakas, General Manolis 132 Maniadakis, Konstantinos 117 Markezinis, Spyros 163 Markos (Vafiadis) 137-9 marriage reforms 181 Martis, Nikolaos 192-3 Matthaios, Metropolitan of Myra 17 Mavromikhalis, Kyriakoulis 74 Mavromikhalis, Petrobey 29 5 Mavromikhalis clan 43, 44 Mavros, Georgios 178 Megali Idea, see Great Idea Mehmet, Sultan 11 Mehmet Ali, of Egypt 39, 281 Menderes, Adnan 149 MeRA25 see European Realistic Disobedience Front Mercouri, Melina 234 Merkel, Angela 251, 260, 261 see also troika mesa 4,61 metapolitefsi 219, 235 Metaxas, Colonel Ioannis and communist opposition 117-18 dictatorship of 115-17, 285, 286, 299-300 foreign policy 118-19 Michel, Charles, European Council 267 Military League 73, 281 military regime of Colonels 160-1, 275-6, 287 opposition to 162, 164-5 popularity of 161-2 punishment of after overthrow 170-1 US attitude to 162 see also Cyprus; Ioannidis; Makarezos; Papadopoulos; Pattakos Miller, William 284 millet system 10 Milosevic, Slobodan 230 Mitsotakis, Konstantinos, and New Democracy Party 157, 169, 185, 190, 197, 199-200, 246 and 1993 election 212-13 allocation of
government posts 212 economic policy 209-11 Mitsotakis, Kyriakos 265 head of New Democracy government 270 Moldavia 25 monarchy 43, 281 1843 coup 58 abolition of 106 Bavarian influence on King Otto 50, 58, 281 choice of successor to Otto 55 institutional infrastructure 48, 49 referendum on 169-70, 287 restoration of Constantine I 95 restoration of George II 113-і 5 see also Constantine II; Great Idea; George I; George II; Otto of Wittelsbach monotoniko, single accent system 181 Montenegro 284 Morritt, John 276 Moukhtar Pasha 296 Mourouzis, Konstantinos 36 Movement for Change, and 2019 election 269 muslims 10, 14, 48, 81, 99 and Athens mosque 241-2 in Macedonia 208 in western Thrace 104, 206-7, г37 Mussolini, Benito, war with Greece 118
Index Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk) 93, 98, 23z andVenizelos 105, 107 victory in Asia Minor 95-7 mutinies, in Greek forces 130, 131 Mytilini (Lesvos) 79, 80-1 Nahmias, Alberto/Avraam 128-9 Napoleon Bonaparte 29 National Camp 175-6 National Defence (Ethniki Amyna) 87-9 national health service 181 National Liberation Front, see EAM National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters, see EOKA National People’s Liberation Army, see ELAS National Progressive Centre Union 14З, 3°5 National Radical Union, see Karamanlis national reconciliation policy 180 National Republican Greek League, see EDES National Schism (Ethnikos Dikhasmos) 83-7, 95. 2-84, 291,308 National Society, see Ethniki Etairia National Solidarity 123 National Youth Organisation, see EON NATO and Cyprus 148 Greek and Turkish admission to 147, 150-1, 2-83 and military regime of Colonels 162 PASOK’s relations with 185-6 and Pericles plan 152 withdrawal from 178 natural gas, reserves in eastern Mediterranean 283 nautical islands 23 Navarino, battle of 39, 44, 281 Naxos 10 neo-martyrs 57 New Democracy Party coalition in 2013 261 defeat in 2009 249-50 failure of reform programme 245-8 347 share of vote in 2015 263, 264 victory in 2019 election 269, 270 see also Karamanlis; Rallis, Georgios Niarchos, Stavros 289, 290 Nikotsaras 279 Nixon, President Richard 167 North Macedonia, Republic of 267 popular opposition to agreement 267, 268, 269 Notaras, Grand Duke Lõukas 7 Ocalan, Abdullah, and Kurdish Workers’ Party 230 occupation, during World War II 121, 273-4 see also resistance Office of Strategic Services (OSS) 126 O khi (No) 120-1, 256
Old Calendarists 205-6 Olympic Games (2004) 242, 272 О monota 214, 215 Onassis, Aristotle 290 Operation Golden Fleece 205 Orthodox Church 236 conservatism of 3 and office of patriarch 13 under Ottoman Empire 277 Othonaios, General 100-1 Otto of Wittelsbach, King 43, 281, 300-1 and army 66 and constitutional government 50, 51, 58, 281 and Crimean war 5 3 overthrow of 53-5, 281 Ottoman Empire decline in eighteenth century 19-20 and Greek merchants 21-3 and Phanariots 20-1 effects on Greek society 3-4, 7-10 millet system 10 office of Patriarch 13 revolts against 15-19, 282-3 status of Greeks in 14-15 thirty-day war (1897) 283, 284 Overseas Hellenism, and ethnika zitimata 227-8 Özal, Turgut, and Davos agreement 189-90
Index 348 PAK (Panhellenic Liberation Movement) 168-9, 3oz Paliouritis, Grigorios 2.7 Palmerston, Lord 53 Pángalos, General Theodoros, military dictatorship of 106, 109, 285, ЗЮ Pángalos, Theodoros (politician) 230, z3i.z33-4 Panhellenion 41-2, 295 Papadiamantis, Alexandros 301 Papadopoulos, Colonel Georgios 152, 159,161, 162-3, 164-5, 235 punishment of 171 see also military regime of Colonels Papagos, General Alexandros r r 5, 140, 141,142-3, 148, 301-2 and Greek Rally 144, 302 dependence on US aid 146 economic reconstruction Г45-6 majority system 144-5 Papaheliou, Melpomene (Thyella) 126 Papandreou, Andreas, and PASOK, Г57-8, Г59, 161, 168-9, 175-6, 177-8, 184-5, 298, 239, 246, 302-3 and 1993 election 212-13 and Bank of Crete scandal 211 ‘Contract with the People’ 178-9 Davos agreement 189-90, 195 divorce and health problems 195, 217-18 economic policies of 2t6 elections of 1985 193-4 and austerity programme 194 era of the ‘dinosaurs’ 219 financial scandal 195-6 and Macedonians 207 opposition to Karamanlis’ 2nd term as President 191-3 personal popularity 179-80 reforms of 180-5 and Sismik I Г73, 188 visit to Cyprus 188-9 visit to Poland 187 see also PASOK Papandreou, Georgios 131, 136-7, 246, 303-4 T96T elections 152 1963 elections 153-5 and Centre Union Г44, 152 and Colonels’ military regime 16 r control of army 158 demobilisation of guerrilla armies 133-4 reform programme 157 rejection of ‘double’ enosis for Cyprus 157 Papandreou, Giorgos, and PASOK 245, 246 and financial crisis 250, 257 Papandreou, Margaret 195 Papandreou dynasty 109 Papanikolaou, Georgios 304
Papariga, Aleka, and Communist Party 2T3 Paparrigopoulos, Konstantinos 2 Papathemelis, Stelios 192-3, zi6 Papoulias, Karolos 260, 262 parliamentary democracy 282, 287, 288 modernisation of 63 and traditional society 51-3, бг-3 see also patronage paroikies (colonies) 23 party politics under George I 59, 281-2 under Otto 50 PASOK (Panhellenic Socialist Movement) 168-9, 3oz coalition with Democratic Left 264 decline in electoral support (20Г5) 263 and electoral law 191 financial scandal 195-6 foreign policy of Г78, 185-6 change in style 186-7 Davos agreement 189-90 defence policies 187-9 move towards centre 177-8 official opposition 175-6 Papandreou’s popularity r 79-80 return to power ІПГ993 (‘new’ PASOK) 213-14 education policy 227 and NATO’s bombardment of Serbia 231 privatisation policies 216, 226-7
Index and Simitis 219-2.0, 225-6 and single currency 226, 233 stability and growth programme 252 see also Papandreou, Andreas patronage 59-61, 281 Pattakos, Brigadier Stylianos 159 punishment of 171 see also military regime under Colonels Paul, King 138-9, 144, 148 and Karamanlis 153 Pavlopoulos, Pavlos 270 Pavlopoulos, Prokopis 263, 270 Paxos 16 Peace of Carlowitz 21 Peloponnese, 1821 uprising 280 People’s Party (Laikon Komma) 109, in-13 plebiscite on constitution 135 proportional representation under George II 113-15 Phanariots 20-1, 24-5 philhellenism 33, 38, 280 Philiki Etairia (Friendly Society) 31-2, 34֊5, 44, 279-8o, 294, 296 Phihp, Duke of Edinburgh 210-11 Philip of Macedón 206, 207, 208 Philorthodox conspiracy 50 Piano, Renzo 290 Plastiras, Colonel Nikolaos 98, 106, 109, 114, 134, 285, 304-5 Political Committee of National Liberation (PEEA) 130,132 Political Spring (Politiki Anoixi) 212, 213, Z17, 225 Pontic Greeks 48, 92, 204, 215 Popov, Gavriil 205 Popular Unity party 264 population, changes in and ethnic balance 103-4 after Lausanne Settlement 99-101, 103-4,285 flight from rural to urban areas 145-6 Prespa Agreement, with North Macedonia 265, 267, 269 privatisation, of state-owned enterprises 226-7, 262, 263-4 349 progonoplexia (ancestor obsession) 2, 27 Protestants 206 Protocol of St Petersburg 39 Protopapadakis, Petros 100-1 Provisional Democratic Government 139 Psara 23 Psaros, Colonel Dimitrios 130 Pushkin, A. S. 3 8 Rallis, Dimitrios 62, 74 Rallis, Georgios, and New Democracy Party 177, 179, 246 Rallis dynasty 109 refugees from Middle East through Turkey
265, 266-7, 273 political affiliations of 104-6 resettlement of 101-3, 285 Regime of the Fourth of August 1936 115-17 religious affiliation, and identity cards 234, 236 Republic of Macedonia 244-5 resistance, to Second World War occupation 121-3, 127-9, 286-7 coordination of 127-9 demobilisation of guerrilla armies 13З-4 German reprisals against 123, 286 hostilities between groups 129-30 see also EAM; EDES; ELAS Revolutionary Struggle 240 Rhodes 10 Rice, Condoleezza 240 Rizos Rangavis, Alexandros 70 Roidis, Emmanouil 59 rouspheti 4, 51, 61, 292 Russia and ‘Big’ Bulgaria 65, 70 and Crimean war 60 support for Greek national movement 31 and war of independence 281 war with Ottoman Empire 20
Index 350 Sakellaropoulou, Katerina, election as president of Greece Z70, 271, 272 Salonica (Thessaloniki) 284 capture by Greek troops 86 elections in 88 German occupation of 121 Jewish population in 81, 125, 128-9, շ86 pro-Venizelist coup 87-9 tobacco workers strike 115 Samaras, Antonis negotiations with troika 261 and privatisation 262 and Political Spring 212, 213, 217 Samos 79 Sampson, Nikos 154-5, 299 Sarahs, General Stephanos 307 Sartzetakis, Christos 191-3, 197, 199 Sassoli, David, European Parliament 267 Saunders, Brigadier Stephen 239-40 Schilizzi, Helena 109-11 Scholarios, Georgios Gennadios, patriarch of Constantinople II Seferis, Georgios 103 Senior, Nassau 282 Serapheim, Archbishop of Athens 184-5 Serbia 284 Greek sympathy for 209 NATO’s air bombardment of 230-1 and Ottoman Empire 276 Sheytanoglou 15 shipping, Greek interests in 146 Siantos, Georgios 132, 307, 309 Siemens, bribery by 249 Simitis, Kostas, and PASOK 217, 219-20, 225-6, 237, 245 and 2000 elections 233 and Greek-Turkish relations 220-3, 229 single European currency 226 Sinas, Simon 76 single European currency 233, 288 and financial crisis 250-1, 262 strikes against 226 Sion, David 128-9 Skouphas, Nikolaos 31, 34-5 Skylosophos, Dionysios 15 Slav Macedonian minority 207-9 Smyrna (Izmir) destruction (1922) 275 Greek landings in 91-3 Greek population in 48, 54-5 Treaty of Sèvres 93-5 socialisation policy 185 socialism 23 5-7 Sophoulis, Themistoklis, and Liberal Party 113-15, 134-5. i85 Soutsos, Mikhail 24-5, 36 sovereignty, violations of by Great Powers 89, 95, 130 Soviet Union, exodus of ethnic Greeks
from 204, 205 Special Operations Executive (SOE) 127 Spetsai 23 St George the Younger of Ioannina 57 Stalin, Josef 13 8-9 and Democratic Army 139 percentages agreement 130-1, 136-7 and Pontic Greeks 204 Stamatelopoulos, Nikitas 40-1 Stanhope, Leicester 3 8 state employment 59, 174 and financial crisis 252, 257, 261 and PASOK policies 194 salaries in 185 strikes by employees 194 see also patronage Stephanopoulos, George 227 Stephanopoulos, Kostis, President 217 Stergiadis, Aristeides 93 Stevenson, William 39 Stournaras, Yannis 262 strikes, and demonstrations against bailout conditions 253, 254 Svolos, Alexandres 132 SYRIZA (Coalition of the Radical Left) 259, 260 and 2015 election 264 coalition with ANEL 263 coalition with Independent Greeks 263, 267 losses in 2019 election 269 reversal of austerity measures 263
Index tax evasion 265 increases 263-4, ¿88 underpayment of 251 see also financial crisis Tériade (Efstratios Eleftheriadis) 80-1 Tertsetis, Georgios 297 Theodorakis, Mikis 198, 267 Theotokas, Georgios 87,102-3, 3°5 Thessaloniki see Salònica Thessaly 67, 70 Thiersch, Friedrich 50 thirty-day war (1897) 63, 64-5, 67-9, 283, 284, 292 Thrace, refugees in 104 Tito, President 208 To Potami (The River) party 264 tourism 146, 202-3 18th-century Grand Tour 276 and austerity programme 252 contribution to economy 262, ¿73 and Coronavirus pandemic 272, 290 Tourkokratia (Turkish rule) 3-4, 12, 15-19, 60, 278 and Church 22-3, 36-7 and Venice 16 Treaty of Bucharest (1913) 81 Treaty of Constantinople (1832) 281 Treaty of Lausanne (1923) 186, 206-7, 216, 265, 285 Treaty of London 39, 79 Treaty of San Stephano 70 Treaty of Sèvres 93-5, 99 Trebizond 10 Greek population in 54-5 Trial of the Six 98-9, 100-1, 285 Trikoupis, Kharilaos 63, 69, 70, 71, 78, 250, 282, 305-6 Troezene, assembly of 41-3, 44 troika (EU, IMF and ECB) conditions for assistance to Greece 252, 254, 257, 260 help for Cyprus 258 and third bailout 263-4, ¿88 Truman Doctrine 137, 140 Tsakaloff, Athanasios 31, 34-5 Tsaldaris, Athanasios 217 35* Tsaldaris, Dino 135 Tsaldaris, Panayis 140, 301 and People’s Party 109, in-13, 143 Tsarouchis, Yannis 156 Tsatsos, Konstantinos 170,177,191 Tsipras, Alexis 259, 263 and 2019 elections 269 and agreement on North Macedonia 265, 267, 268, 269 referendum on third troika bailout 263-4 Tsirimokos, Ilias 132 Tsokhatzopoulos, Akis 225, 257 and PASOK 218 Tsolakoglou, General 119 Tsontos, Georgios
(Captain Vardas) 72-3 Tsouderos, Emmanouil 119 Tsovolas, Dimitris, and Democratic Socialist Movement 216 Tuckerman, Charles 2 Turkey ethnic Greeks in 20Ć EU entry 233, 242-3 war with (1919-22) 91-7, 283, 285 see also Greek-Turkish relations; Ottoman Empire UN Convention on the Law of the Sea 215 UN High Commission for Refugees 265 unemployment 253, 265, 270, 288 unified defence doctrine 224 Union of Centrists 264 Union of the Democratic Centre 175 United Democratic Left (EDA) 148 and murder of Lambrakis 153 United States, and Greek emigration 4—5, 73, no, in, 282 universities, reforms in 181 US bases, and PASOK policy 186, 188-9 US postwar aid 139, 141, 287 and 1951 electoral system 144 dependence on 141, Г43, 146 see also Truman Doctrine Uzbekistan, ethnic Greeks in 204
352 Index Vallianos, Panagis 289, 290 Varkiza agreement 134-5 Varoufakis, Yanis 264-5 Vartholomaios, Ecumenical Patriarch, and Serbian Christians 209 Vatopaidi monastery 248-9 Velestinlis, Rigas (Pheraios) 12, 28-9, 192-3, 306-7 The New Political Constitution. 279 Veloukhiotis, Ares (Klaras, Thanasis) 307-8 Venice, Greek community in t6 Venizelist takeover after defeat in Asia Minor 98-9 settlement with Turkish republic 99-101 Venizelos, Eleftherios 71, 78, 83, 99, 102-3, 106, 107, 108-9, 308-9 assassination attempts on 109-11, 286 defeat of 95, 285 and economic crisis 107, 285-6 and Entente 89-91, 92 exile in France 111,114 foreign policy of 107 and Military League 74 and Paris peace conference 91 reform programme 75-7 and Smyrna 91-3 and Treaty of Sèvres 93-5 visit to Turkey (1930) 283 war in Balkans 77-9, 284 Venizelos, Evangelos 210-11, 228, 259 Venizelos, Sophocles, and Liberal Party М3 Vladimirescu, Tudor 3 2 Vryzakis, Theodores 3 8 Wallachia 25 war of independence 26, 39-41, 277, 280-ī 100th anniversary 275 150th anniversary 275-6 200th anniversary 276 agreement on frontier 43, 281 see also Troezene, assembly of Wellington, Duke of 39 Werry, Francis 279 Western European Union 212 western Thrace Bulgarian occupation of 121 ethnic cleansing of Greeks 208 muslims in 206—7 settlement of former Soviet Greeks 205 Wilson, Andrew 172 women, status of 123, 126, 181, 270, 271, 272 and franchise 148 World Council of Hellenes (SAE) 227-8 World War I dispute over Greek participation in 83-7 Greek demands at Paris peace conference 91 xanthon genos, legend of 17, 60 Xanthos,
Emmanouil 31, 34-5 xeniteia 5, no, 146 Xiros, Savvas 239-40 Young Turks 73-5 and forced Ottomanisation 77 see also Mustafa Kemal Ypsilantis, Alexandres 25, 32-3, 36, 280 Yugoslavia, treaties with 107 Zaev, Zoran 265, 268 Zakhariadis, Nikos 135, 139, 309 Zakynthos (Zante) 16 Zalikoglou, Grigorios 278 Zarifi, Georgios 82 Zervas, Napoleon 309-10 Zhivkov, Todor 188 Zikos, Mikhail 57 Zographos, Christaki Efendi 82 Zographos, Panayiotis 12 Zolotas, Xenophon 185,199 Zorbas, Colonel Nikolaos 73 r~~ ------------------------------՜Հ V Bayerische Staatsbibliothek ViCr.chen _ У |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Clogg, Richard 1939- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)103164367 |
| author_facet | Clogg, Richard 1939- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Clogg, Richard 1939- |
| author_variant | r c rc |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV047238895 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1250470741 (DE-599)BVBBV047238895 |
| dewey-full | 949.5 |
| dewey-hundreds | 900 - History & geography |
| dewey-ones | 949 - Other parts of Europe |
| dewey-raw | 949.5 |
| dewey-search | 949.5 |
| dewey-sort | 3949.5 |
| dewey-tens | 940 - History of Europe |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| discipline_str_mv | Geschichte |
| edition | Fourth edition |
| era | Geschichte 1770-2000 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1770-2000 |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>00000nam a2200000 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV047238895</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20210607</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">210415s2021 a||| b||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781108948999</subfield><subfield code="c">paperback</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-108-94899-9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781108844895</subfield><subfield code="c">hardback</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-108-84489-5</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1250470741</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV047238895</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-19</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">949.5</subfield><subfield code="2">21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">OST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Clogg, Richard</subfield><subfield code="d">1939-</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)103164367</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">A concise history of Greece</subfield><subfield code="c">Richard Clogg</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="250" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Fourth edition</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Cambridge ; New York ; Port Melbourne ; New Delhi ; Sydney</subfield><subfield code="b">Cambridge University Press</subfield><subfield code="c">2021</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">xv, 352 Seiten</subfield><subfield code="b">Illustrationen, Karten</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">sti</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Cambridge concise histories</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Previous edition: 2013</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1770-2000</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Griechenland</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4022047-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Greece / History / 1821-</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Greece</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Since 1821</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="6"><subfield code="a">History</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Griechenland</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4022047-3</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1770-2000</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032643206&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032643206&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Literaturverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032643206&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Register // Gemischte Register</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="n">oe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">BSB_NED_20210517</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">900</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">0904</subfield><subfield code="g">495</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">900</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09034</subfield><subfield code="g">495</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">900</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09033</subfield><subfield code="g">495</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="943" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032643206</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| geographic | Griechenland (DE-588)4022047-3 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Griechenland |
| id | DE-604.BV047238895 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T17:03:32Z |
| indexdate | 2024-08-31T00:53:22Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781108948999 9781108844895 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032643206 |
| oclc_num | 1250470741 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| physical | xv, 352 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20210517 |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateSearch | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Cambridge concise histories |
| spelling | Clogg, Richard 1939- Verfasser (DE-588)103164367 aut A concise history of Greece Richard Clogg Fourth edition Cambridge ; New York ; Port Melbourne ; New Delhi ; Sydney Cambridge University Press 2021 xv, 352 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten txt rdacontent sti rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Cambridge concise histories Previous edition: 2013 Geschichte 1770-2000 gnd rswk-swf Griechenland (DE-588)4022047-3 gnd rswk-swf Greece / History / 1821- Greece Since 1821 History Griechenland (DE-588)4022047-3 g Geschichte 1770-2000 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032643206&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032643206&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032643206&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Clogg, Richard 1939- A concise history of Greece |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4022047-3 |
| title | A concise history of Greece |
| title_auth | A concise history of Greece |
| title_exact_search | A concise history of Greece |
| title_exact_search_txtP | A concise history of Greece |
| title_full | A concise history of Greece Richard Clogg |
| title_fullStr | A concise history of Greece Richard Clogg |
| title_full_unstemmed | A concise history of Greece Richard Clogg |
| title_short | A concise history of Greece |
| title_sort | a concise history of greece |
| topic_facet | Griechenland |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032643206&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032643206&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032643206&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cloggrichard aconcisehistoryofgreece |