European Mennonites and the Holocaust:
"Mennonites in the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, and Ukraine lived in communities with Jews and close to various Nazi camps and Holocaust killing sites. As a result of this proximity, Mennonites were neighbours to and witnessed the destruction of European Jews. In some cases they were beneficia...
Gespeichert in:
| Weitere Verfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Toronto ; Buffalo ; London
University of Toronto Press in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
[2020]
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Transnational Mennonite studies
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | "Mennonites in the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, and Ukraine lived in communities with Jews and close to various Nazi camps and Holocaust killing sites. As a result of this proximity, Mennonites were neighbours to and witnessed the destruction of European Jews. In some cases they were beneficiaries or even enablers of the Holocaust. Much of this history was forgotten after the war, as Mennonites sought to rebuild or find new homes as refugees. The result was a myth of Mennonite innocence and ignorance that connected their own suffering during the 1930s and 1940s with earlier centuries of persecution and marginalization. European Mennonites and the Holocaust identifies a significant number of Mennonite perpetrators, along with a smaller number of Mennonites who helped Jews survive, examining the context in which they acted. In some cases, theology led them to accept or reject Nazi ideals. In others, Mennonites chose a closer embrace of German identity as a strategy to improve their standing with Germans or for material benefit." -- |
| Beschreibung: | xiii, 337 Seiten Illustrationen, 1 Diagramm, Karten |
| ISBN: | 9781487525545 9781487507954 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a22000008c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV047211311 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20211201 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 210324s2020 a||| b||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9781487525545 |c pbk. |9 978-1-4875-2554-5 | ||
| 020 | |a 9781487507954 |c hbk. |9 978-1-4875-0795-4 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)1260143843 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV047211311 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rda | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-12 |a DE-M352 |a DE-29 |a DE-19 | ||
| 084 | |a HIST |q DE-12 |2 fid | ||
| 084 | |a OST |q DE-12 |2 fid | ||
| 084 | |a n 93 |2 ifzs | ||
| 084 | |a o 29 |2 ifzs | ||
| 084 | |a n 90 |2 ifzs | ||
| 084 | |a o 56.1 |2 ifzs | ||
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a European Mennonites and the Holocaust |c edited by Mark Jantzen and John D. Thiesen |
| 264 | 1 | |a Toronto ; Buffalo ; London |b University of Toronto Press in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum |c [2020] | |
| 264 | 4 | |c © 2020 | |
| 300 | |a xiii, 337 Seiten |b Illustrationen, 1 Diagramm, Karten | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Transnational Mennonite studies | |
| 520 | 3 | |a "Mennonites in the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, and Ukraine lived in communities with Jews and close to various Nazi camps and Holocaust killing sites. As a result of this proximity, Mennonites were neighbours to and witnessed the destruction of European Jews. In some cases they were beneficiaries or even enablers of the Holocaust. Much of this history was forgotten after the war, as Mennonites sought to rebuild or find new homes as refugees. The result was a myth of Mennonite innocence and ignorance that connected their own suffering during the 1930s and 1940s with earlier centuries of persecution and marginalization. European Mennonites and the Holocaust identifies a significant number of Mennonite perpetrators, along with a smaller number of Mennonites who helped Jews survive, examining the context in which they acted. In some cases, theology led them to accept or reject Nazi ideals. In others, Mennonites chose a closer embrace of German identity as a strategy to improve their standing with Germans or for material benefit." -- | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1939-1945 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Judenverfolgung |0 (DE-588)4028814-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Mennoniten |0 (DE-588)4038633-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Judenvernichtung |0 (DE-588)4073091-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Deutschland |0 (DE-588)4011882-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Polen |0 (DE-588)4046496-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Niederlande |0 (DE-588)4042203-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Sowjetunion |0 (DE-588)4077548-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Mennonites / Europe / History / 20th century | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Mennonites / Europe / Social conditions / 20th century | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) | |
| 653 | 0 | |a World War, 1939-1945 / Collaborationists / Europe | |
| 653 | 0 | |a World War, 1939-1945 / Underground movements / Europe | |
| 653 | 0 | |a World War, 1939-1945 | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Collaborationists | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Mennonites | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Mennonites / Social conditions | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Underground movements, War | |
| 653 | 2 | |a Europe | |
| 653 | 4 | |a 1900-1999 | |
| 653 | 6 | |a History | |
| 655 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4143413-4 |a Aufsatzsammlung |2 gnd-content | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Deutschland |0 (DE-588)4011882-4 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Niederlande |0 (DE-588)4042203-3 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Polen |0 (DE-588)4046496-9 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Sowjetunion |0 (DE-588)4077548-3 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 4 | |a Mennoniten |0 (DE-588)4038633-8 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 5 | |a Judenverfolgung |0 (DE-588)4028814-6 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 6 | |a Judenvernichtung |0 (DE-588)4073091-8 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1939-1945 |A z |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jantzen, Mark |d 1963- |0 (DE-588)143368338 |4 edt | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Thiesen, John D. |0 (DE-588)139888373 |4 edt | |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Online-Ausgabe, EPUB |z 978-1-4875-3725-8 |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Online-Ausgabe, PDF |z 978-1-4875-3724-1 |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032616113&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032616113&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Register // Gemischte Register |
| 940 | 1 | |n oe | |
| 940 | 1 | |n DHB | |
| 940 | 1 | |q BSB_NED_20210707 | |
| 940 | 1 | |q DHB_BSB_FID | |
| 940 | 1 | |q DHB_IFZ | |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909.04924 |e 22/bsb |f 09043 |g 43 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909.04924 |e 22/bsb |f 09044 |g 947.08 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909.04924 |e 22/bsb |f 09043 |g 438 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 200.9 |e 22/bsb |f 09044 |g 438 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 200.9 |e 22/bsb |f 09044 |g 947.08 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 200.9 |e 22/bsb |f 09044 |g 492 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909 |e 22/bsb |f 09044 |g 43 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909 |e 22/bsb |f 09043 |g 43 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909.04924 |e 22/bsb |f 09044 |g 43 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 200.9 |e 22/bsb |f 09043 |g 43 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909.04924 |e 22/bsb |f 09044 |g 438 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 200.9 |e 22/bsb |f 09044 |g 43 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909.04924 |e 22/bsb |f 09044 |g 492 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 200.9 |e 22/bsb |f 09043 |g 492 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 200.9 |e 22/bsb |f 09043 |g 438 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909.04924 |e 22/bsb |f 09043 |g 492 |
| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032616113 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1812618880048168960 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
Contents List of Illustrations ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction - Neighbours, Killers, Enablers, Witnesses: The Many Roles of Mennonites in the Holocaust 3 DORIS L. BERGEN, MARK JANTZEN, AND JOHN D. THIESEN Introduction to Chapter 1 - Mennonites and Nazi Crimes: Gerhard Rempel's Call for Historical Reckoning 35 DORIS L. BERGEN 1 Mennonites, War Crimes, and the Holocaust 41 GERHARD REMPEL, EDITED BY DORIS L. BERGEN WITH JOHN D. THIESEN 2 Enjoying the Entitlements of German Freedom: German Mennonites and Nazi Church-State Policy 72 JAMES IRVIN LICHTI 3 Antisemitism and the Concept of Volk: The Mennonite Youth Circular Community at the Beginning of the Nazi Dictatorship 104 IMANUEL BAUMANN 4 German Mennonite Theology in the Era of National Socialism 125 ARNOLD NEUFELDT-FAST
viii Contents 5 Dutch Mennonite Theologians and Nazism 153 PIETER POST 6 Mennonite Collaboration with Nazism: A Case Study of the Responses of Mennonites in Deutsch Wymyschle, Poland, to the Plight of Local Jews during the Early Nazi Occupation Period (1939-1942) 172 COLIN P. NEUFELDT 7 Mennonites in Ukraine before, during, and Immediately after the Second World War 202 DMYTRO MYESHKOV 8 A Portrait of Khortytsya/Zaporizhzhia under Occupation 229 AILEEN FRIESEN 9 Dutch Mennonites and Yad Vashem Recognition 250 ALLE G. НОЕКЕМА 10 Identity and Complicity: The Post-Second World War Emigration of Chortitza Mennonites 269 ERIKA WEIDEMANN 11 A Usable Past: Soviet Mennonite Memories of the Holocaust 290 HANS WERNER 12 Selective Memory: Danziger Mennonite Reflections on the Nazi Era, 1945-1950 307 STEVEN SCHROEDER List of Contributors 319 Index 323
Index Adorno, Theodor, 125 Advent-Bote, 84 Akkrum, 266ո29 Albrecht, Hans, 100ո56 Aleksandrovsk. See Zaporizhzhia Alkmaar, 160 Alliance (Vereinigung der Deutschen Mennonitengemeinden), 4,78,108, 126, 129, 142n23,143n34,183 Alsace, 5, 6 Althaus, Paul, 105,118 Altmennoniten. See German Evangelical Baptists Ameland, 171ո57 Amish, 5 Amsterdam, 4, 28nl9, 78,157,255, 257-9, 267n38 Anabaptists, 4,5,17, 73,76, 82,85,88, 92n6, 97n38,105,130-1,140,154-5, 158,162-4,191 Andres, Komei, 246n63 Angrick, Andrej, 53,58 Anne Tanenbaum Centre for Jewish Studies, xii Antamonov, 210 anthropology, 140 Antichrist, 126,138 Antisemitism, 8,11,19,22,86-9, 104-18,132-3,139,189, 232 Apeldoorn, 256 Arendt, Hannah, 126 Argentina, 235 Armenians, 50 Arnhem, 255-6 Arnold, Eberhard, 130,144n43 Aryan Paragraph (Law for the Restoration of Professional Civil Service), 113-14,117 Association of Behalf of the Public Welfare (Maatschappij tot Nut van't Algemeen), 251 Association of Behalf of the Welfare of the Israelites (МддѓѕсЛлррг/ tot Nut der Israëlieten), 251 Auschwitz, 4,252,257, 258 Austria, 157 Azov, 206,215 Baden, 6,95n24,104,126 Bakhoven, Helena Cornelia Leignes, 260 Baptists, 73,88-9, 96n31,105,107 Baratov, 136 Barmen Declaration, 83, 91, 98n43,130 Barneveld, 256 Barry, Dan, 55 Barth, Karl, 85,98n44,118,160
324 Index Battle of Bzura, 178 Bauman, Zygmunt, 125,128,132,138 Baumann, Helmut, 119n2 Baumann, Imanuel, 21 Baumann, Thomas, 119n2 Bavaria, 6,104,126 Beck, von, 62 Belarus, 52 Belgium, 259 Belinsch, Moses, 61 Ben Shemen Forest, 161 Bender, Harold S., 14,130 Berdyans'k, 54 Berg, Helene, 133 Bergen, Doris L., xi, xii, 14 Berger, 214 Berggrav (Bishop), 95n25 Berkhoff, Karel, 8,19 Berlin, 46,48,51,60,122n25,130, 135,247n66, 252,276,280, 297,313 Berlin Document Center, 58,279 Bethel College, xi, 10 Biblical references: Exodus 34:7,128; Leviticus 19:34,123n37; Isaiah 1:15, v; Daniel 12:4,76; Matthew 5:37,4,17; Matthew 25:41-45, v; Luke 10:25-27, 112; 1 Corinthians 13:9,93nl2 Bijuk-Onlar, 205 Binyamini, Hadas, xii Black Sea, 135 Blokzijl, 264nl2 Bluffton University, 155 Boer War, 301 Boer, Bouwe de, 165 Bogdanova. See Harms, Maria Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, 79,96n28 Boom, Casper ten, 267n38 Boom, Corrie ten, 259,267n38 Borculo, 261 Bormann, Martin, 79, 95n25,96n27 Bote, Der, 13 Branchweilerhof, 99n48 Braun, Anna, 26n8 Braun, Connie T., v, xii, 19 Braun, Jacob, 299 Braun, Peter J., 126 Braune, 213 Brazil, 69n48,157 Breidig, Birgit, 116 Brest, 218 Brethren, 105 Brethren of the Common Life, 159 Brink, Albertina, 28nl9 Brussé, Geesje Nieuwenhuis, 253-5,260 Brussee-van der Zee, Elisabeth I. T., 22,154-5,167n4 Buber, Martin, 85,101n61 Buchsweiler, Meir, 203 Bund freikirchlicher Christen, 82 California, 73 Calvinists, 250 Canada, 6,16,24, 35, 38,126,139, 177, 235,237,239, 265ո23, 276,280, 293, ЗОЇ, 315 Canada, alternative service, 18 Canadian Mennonite Board of Colonization, 313 Canadian
Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, 55 Cannegieter, Lambertus, 266n32 Carmel, New York, 54, 68n46 Carter, Sarah, 297 Carusi, Ugo, 280 Catholics, 86,102n72,107,206,215, 262n2, 263n9,307 Cattepoel, Dirk, 111-13,138-9, 144n45,145n55,15ІПІ16 Caucasus, 3,51,53,59,134, 202, 212-13,215-16,227n66 Center Party, 86
Index 325 Central Bureau for Immigration (Einwandererzentralstelle), 38,235, 238, 273,279 Centre for Transnational Mennonite Studies, xii Chełmno extermination camp, 173 Chicago, 112 Chile, 300 Chortitza Colony, xiii, 11, 24,43,45, 59,132-4,148n80,269-82,290-1, 295-6, 300 Christliche Versammlung, 82,98ո42 Christmann, Kurt, 59, 71n63 Church and Peace, 158,167nl2 Church Renewal Movement, 154-5 Civilian Public Service, 18 Clark, Ramsey, 55 Clercq, Goverta de, 159,160 Cohen, Hans Frits, 266n31 Cohen, Johan, 266n31 Cohen, Leny, 257 Colonialism, ЗОЇ Confessing Church, 48,81,83, 85,91, 97n35,97n36,98n40,98n44 Conscription. See Military conscription Coppello, Anna Coppeyne van de, 266n32 CRALOG, 311 Crimea, 3,53, 59, 61, 202-6, 211-16 Crous, Ernst, 46 Cubitt, Geoffrey, 298, 300 Cultural Workers' Guild (Kultuurkamer), 255, 265n24 Czechoslovakia, 69n50 Częstochowa, 55 Dalsum, Albert van, 265n24 Danzig. See Gdańsk Deľ, Viktor, 214 Den Haag, 264nll Denmark, 250, 311 denominationalism, 21, 72-91 Denver, John, 13 Deutschland erwache!, 127 Deutsch-Wymyschle. See Nowe Wymyśle /Deutsch Wymyschle Deventer, 257 Diem, Harald, 98n44 Diepenveen, 257 Dierksen, Johann Genrichovič, 219-20 Dik, David, 246n63 Dik, Ivan Ivanovich, 55-6,246n63 Dirks, Heinrich, 132 disabled, killing of, 11, 23, 36,134 displaced persons, 276-81,311-12 Displaced Persons Act, 55 Dnieper Hydroelectric Station, 230 Dnieper River, 44-6,54, 206, 230, 232,239, 271 Dnipro (Dnipropetrovsk), 45,235, 271-2 Dniprodzerzhynsk. See Kamianske/ Dniprodzerzhynsk Dnister River, 47 Dolyns'ke/Osterwick, 37, 292,294 Don Basin, 61, 206
Donets'k/Stalino, 52,208, 216 Doopsgezinde Bijdragen, 252 Drachten, 261 draft. See military conscriptions Dresden, 116,300 Driedger, Erika, 143n34 Driedger, Jonas J., 87 Drooge, Alexander Hubertus van, 257-8, 260 Drooge, Johann Hubertus van, 267n35 Drooge-Stoffel, Sytske van, 267n35 Drooge-ter Haar, Eddy van, 260, 266n29 Drywa, Danuta, 308 Dueck, Johann. See Ivan Ivanovich Dik
326 Index Dufour-va n Hall, Hester, 268ո43 Dumitru, Diana, 19 Dutch Mennonite Emigration Office, 156 Dutch Mennonite Mission (Doopsgezinde Zendings Vereniging), 256 Dyck, A.I., 228ո69 Dyck, Elfrieda, 280 Dyck, Isaak, 224nl9 Dyck, Johannes, xii Dyck, Peter }., 276,280,312-14 Eash, William, xi Eastern Front Medal (Ostmedaille), 57-8 Ecumenical Conference on Life and Work (Oxford, 1937), 80 Ediger, Jakob, 65nl4 Egides, Revekka, 233 Ehrt, Adolf, 15 Eicher, John, 14 Eichmann, Adolf, 55,69n48 Eichmann, Eduard, 186,188 Eicks, Jakob, 71n63 Einlage. See Nove Zaporizhzhia/ Kitschkas / Einlage Einsatzgruppen. See mobile killing squads Einwanderer Zentralstelle. See Central Bureau for Immigration Eisenhower, Dwight, 13 Elikinson, Pavel, 241 Elspeet, 154,157 Emden, 86,255 England, 157 English Civil War, 75 Enns, Johann, 132 Epp, Adina, 24, 269, 271, 273-5, 279-81 Epp, David, 247n74 Epp, Frank H., 10,65nl4 Epp, Hans, 236 Epp, Johann, 134,137 Epp, Maria, 216 Epp, Marlene, 10 Epp family, 13,14 Erasmus, 159 Ersak, Vladimir, 238,246n63 Eschatology, 140 Essentuki, 62 Etersheim, 263n7 Ethnic German Liaison Office (Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle), 136, 138,206,272-4,278-9, 291 ethnic Germans, 16,18, 20,22,35, 41,52, 54,134-5,172,175,177, 179-80,188,191,202-21, 229, 231,270-1,273,275, 277,292, 296-7 Ethnic Germans List (Deutsche Volksliste), 180,187, 272-3 Extraordinary State Commission to Investigate German-Fascist Crimes Committed on Soviet Territory, 47 Fallingsbostel, 311 Fast, Alfred, 86 Fast, Gerhard, 46,229, 292,295 Fast, Ivan, 54,237-8,246n63,247n66, 248n88 Fast, Jacob, 54,237-8,239, 246n63
Fast, Natalie Toews, 238-9,247n73 Federal District Court, Manhattan, 55 Federation (Verband deutscher Mennonitengemeindeń), 4,6,125-6 Federau, Rudolf, 208,211-14 Fellmann, Ernst, 111 Fellmann, Walter, 97n40,99n48, 10ІП66 Feodosija, 216,224n21 Fischer, Fritz, 314 Fisher, Michael}., xii
Index 327 Floh, Jacob Hendrik, 251 Florida, 51 Foerster, R., 138 Fomenko, Stephan, 238, 246n63, 247n66 Foth, Albert, 186-7 France, 6,12, 22 Franco-Prussian War, 88 Franken-Duparc, Else, 264nl2 Fransen Family Foundation, xi Fraser Valley, 315 Fredeshiem, 154,157 free church, 21, 72-80 freedom of conscience, 76-80 French Revolution, 5,86, 251 Frie, Roger, 294-5 Friesen, Aileen, xii, 11,19,21, 23 Friesennot (movie), 16 Friesland, 171n57 Fuchs, Emil, 85,91,100n59, ІОІпбО Fuchs, Klaus, 100n59 Funk, Hilde, 109, 111 Funk Kaserne, 276 Gąbin, 172-92 Galicia, 6,48 Galician Mennonites, 27nl2 gas vans, 3,52, 60,71n69 gay men, 73 Gdańsk/Danzig, 3,5, 6,14,16,24, 57, 81, 88,10ІП67,106,122n25, 126,129, 275, 307,308,309 Gelderland, 154 Gemeindeblatt, 82,129-30 genealogy, 131,135,139,145n50 General Mennonite Conference (Algemene Doopsgezinde Sociëteit), 155-6,158-9, 257 Geneva, 314 genocide, 4,11, 62 Georgiyevsk, 62 Gering, Jon, xi Gerlach, Horst, 309 German Catholic Aid Society, 307, 311-12 German Christian Movement, 48, 130,145n49 German citizenship, 54 German Communist Party, 87 German Democratic Republic, 100n59 German Evangelical Baptists, 95n24 German Foreign Institute, 135,137, 149n95 Gestapo, 71n63,85,100n57,157,186, 212,240,267n38,296,297 ghetto, 11,55,138,173,178,186, 191,233 Giethoorn, 265nl7 Gilše, Sophie van, 267n38 Gingerich, Josef, 91 Glass factory massacre, 3,39,57-62 Glück, Theo, 107-8,115,119ո2 Gnadenfeld, 219 Gnadental. See Vodiana Goebbels, Joseph, 96n27,133, 274 Goertz, Hans-Jürgen, 105,119n5,140 Goossen, Benjamin, 10,89,141nl, 202 Goryachevodsky, 60 Gostynin, 186,190
Gottgläubig, 57 Göttingen, 46 Göttner, Erich, 81, 83,106,110-11, 122n25,126,127 Götz, Karl, 137-8 GPU, 43,44,60, 240. See also KGB; NKVD·, OGPU; SMERŠ Graf, Matthias, 269, 271, 275 Graz, Austria, 213 Great Depression, 87,102n68 Greiser, Arthur, 88-9,136,150nl01 Groningen, 157
328 Index Groot, Inne de, 165 Grüber, Heinrich, 252 Gulag, 44,192, 236,271-2,297,300, 301, 311 Guyana, 156 Haar, Bernard ter, 257 Haarlem, 159,253-4,260,266n29, 267n38,267n38 Hacke, Richard, 178 Halbstadt. See Molochans'k/ Halbstadt Halbwachs, Maurice, 17 Hall, Walraven van, 260, 267n43 Hamburg, 6 Händiges, Emil, 100n57,126-7, 129,138 Hannover, 239 Harder, Gerhard. See Luitjens, Jacob Harder, Hans, 13, 37,48 Harms, Maria, 205-6, 215-16,220, 227n66 Harvey, Elizabeth, 24 Hege, Christian, 146n65 Hegewald Project, 67n29 Heidelberg, 130 Heier, Wilhelm, 181 Helm, Krijn van der, 260 Heniches'k, 214 Hesse, 98n40,122n25 Hesston College, xi, 10 Heubuden, 126,137 Heydrich, Reinhard, 57,95n25 Hiersack, Karl, 236 Hilberg, Raul, 38 Hildebrand, Diedrich, 300-1 Hildebrandt, Mary, 297 Hillesum, Etty, 258 Hillesum, Louis, 258 Hillesum, Mischa, 258 Himmler, Heinrich, 8,35,41,51,57, 67n29, 79, 95n25,136 Hindeloopen/Koudum, 264nl2 Hinz, Alfred, 309 Historikerstreit, 315 Hitler, 8, 21-2, 24,41,44,67n30, 72, 79-80, 87,89,126-7,129,133,135, 136,138,142nl7,144n44,153,158, 176,181,183,203,214,218,250, 290, 293,294,300,302-3 Hitler Youth, 35,133,180,183,187 Hochfeld, 45 Hoekema, Alle G., 17-18,21,23,156, 167n3 Hoekema, Gabe B., 153,167n3 Hoffmeyer, Horst, 208, 284n41 Holbom, Louise, 281 Holst, Adriaan Roland, 265n24 Homan, Gerlof D., 155-6,167n5, 252-3 Honecker, Martin, 105 Hoy, Lise Rempel, 39nl Huebert, John, 52 Hungarians, 211 Hutterites, 5,85 Hylkema, 55 Hylkema, Comelis Bonne, 22,153-66 Hylkema, Govert W, 171n60 Hylkema, Tjeerd Oeds, 252 Ijlst, 263n9,264nl2 Indonesia, 132,167n3,264nl2 Ingwersen,
Johannes, 265n23 Inja, Cor, 258 International Refugee Organization, 277-81,311-12,314 Israel/Palestine, 10, ІОІпбІ, 158 Italian fascism, 158 Jacobs, Netty, 260 Jansen, Gerard, 263n9 Jantzen, Eric, 118 Jantzen, Mark, xi, 9,15,118,221 Janzen, Elizabeta Julévna, 215-16
Index 329 Janzen, Heinrich, 41-2 Janzen, Jacob H., 126,138 Janzen, Victor, 301 Janzen, Waldemar, 292, 298-9 Janzen, Wilhelm, 298 Java. See Indonesia Jehovah's Witnesses, 90 Jewish Council (Joodsche Road), 258 Jewish sources/perspectives, 23 Jewish-Mennonite intermarriage, 5, 37,299 Jewish-Mennonite relations, 19,42-3, 126,134,172-92,201n65,230-5, 242nl0,250-61,295-6,299-300 Jost, Hulda, 84 Kaganovich, Lazar, 302 Kahan, Stuart, 302 Kalinindorf, 231 Kamianske/Dniprodzerzhynsk, 45 Kansas, 14,28nl9,39 Karaites, 50, 67n31 Kassel, 228n68 Katharinendorf, 45 Kazan, 160 Kehrer, 60 Kerch Peninsula, 53 Keuning, Herman, 266n29 Keuning-Tichelaar, An, 260, 266n29 KGB, 11, 69n50, 203. See also GPU; NKVD; OGPU; SMERŠ Kharkiv, 208,215-16 Khortytsya, 229-41. See also Novokhortytsya; Verkhnya Khortytsya Kieling, 237 Kiev, 44,49-50, 58,221 Kipp, Michaela, 116 Kislovodsk, 3,61-2 Kitchener-Waterloo, 38 Kitschkas. See Nove Zaporizhzhia/ Kitschkas / Einlage Kladov, I.F., 71n63 Klassen, Andrej, 227ո61 Klassen, C.E, 280-1,312-13 Klassen, Dietrich, 208 Klassen, Ivan Ivanovic, 11, 216-17, 219 Massen, Otto, 232, 234,300-1 Kliewer, Gustav, 177,187 Kliewer, Julius, 245n54 Kliewer, Reinhold, 181 Kohut, Andriy, 221 Kolpanov, Boris, 238 Komsomol, 205 Königsberg, 91 Konijnenburg, Martha van, 267n38 Koning, Petronessa, 255 Konrad, Karl, 272 Konstantinovka, 214 Korff, Friedrich, 235 Korff, Tamara, 234-5 Kostenetzky, Olga, 237 Kotomtsev, I.F., 71n63 Koudum. See Hindeloopen/ Koudum Kovalevsky (Jewish family), 56 Kraemer, Gustav, 81,125,128-9,138, 142nl7,144n45 Krahn, Cornelius, 66n28,118,130, 240, 263n6,277
Krahn, Ivan, 246n63 Kraków, 16 Krasnodar, 52,53,59 Krefeld, 6, 77,81, 94nl6,111,125, 128-9,138-9,144n45 Kristallnacht, 117,129-30,252 Kroeger, E., 45 Kroeker, Jakob, 41 Kroeker, John ]., 41-2,55,278 Kröger, 134 Krüger, Heinrich, 143n34 Krüger, Katharina, 297-8 Kryvyi Rih, 45-6, 213
330 Index Kuhn, Walter, 135 Kuiper, Frits, 22,153-66, 251 Kuiper, Johanna, 263ո7 Kulaks, 15, 203,270 Kursk, 46 Kuyt, Abraham, 252, 263n8 Ladekopp, Poland. See Lubieszewo/ Ladekopp, Poland Ladekopp, Ukraine, 52 Langheid, Wilhelm, 71n63 Latter, Helene Frey, 233,296-7 Latter, Walter, 296 League of German Girls, 116,133, 180,183 Leers, Johann von, 133 Leeuwarden, 260 Leibbrandt, Georg, 47 Leipzig, 41-2 Lemberg. See Lviv Lemieux, Francois, 54 Leontev, Nikolaj, 69n50 Lepp, Olga, 245n47 Lerner, Leonid, 229 Letkemann, 213 Letkemann, Peter, 141nl Leyden, 267n38 Lichdi, Diether Götz, 78,105,117, 119n5,127,310 Lichtenau. See Svitlodolyns'ke Lichti, James Irvin, 20-2,105-6 Lichti, Otto, 99n48 Łódź/Litzmannstadt, 41,53,136, 138,150nl01 Loewen, Harry, 69n48 Loewen, Royden, xii Loganbill, Alec, xi Logtenberg, Johanna Cornelia, 260 Lorraine, 6 Low German, 37,276 Lower, Wendy, 8 Lubieszewo /Ladekopp, Poland, 308 Lublin, 55 Lubny, 46 Ludwigshafen, 147n74 Luftwaffe, 308 Luitjens, Jacob, 15-16,31n47 Lumans, Valdis, 136 Lustig, Peter, 255 Lutbrandau, 137 Luther, Martin, 98n44,140 Lutherans, 20,28nl9,45, 83,91, 95n25, 97n38,98n43,100n59,190, 206, 215,251 Lviv/Lemberg, 6,48 Madagascar Plan, 138,15ІПІ14 Magdeburg, 48 Makhno, Nestor, 237, 270 Makkum, 257,266n29 Manitoba, 132 Mannhardt, Hermann G., 88 Marburg, 122n25 Marienthal. See Panfilivka Mariupol', 54 Marpeck, Pilgram, 131 Marpeck Funk, xi Marwell, David, 53 Marx, Karl, 163 Matčanbaeva, T.V., 212-13,216, 226n42 Mazovia, 6,11,19 McKenna (judge), 55 Mecklenburg, 217 Meier, Erich, 71n63 Mein Kampf, 8,133,181,237 Melitopol', 46,52-3, 208, 212,214,
216,229 Melle, Friedrich Heinrich Otto, 96n31 Melnyk, Michael J., 211 Memory/ myth, 17-20 Mengele, Josef, 69n48 Menno Pass, 55,276
Index 331 Menno Simons, 105,130,144ո44 Mennonite Aid Office (Doopsgezinde Hulp Bureau), 157 Mennonite Brethren, 176,183,188-9 Mennonite Central Committee, 10, 15,24,55,276, 278, 280-1,296, 311-12,314 Mennonite Church USA, 9,10 Mennonite exceptionalism, 8 Mennonite Heritage Centre, 44 Mennonite identity/definitions, 8, 12-17,18,20, 24,37, 72-91 Mennonite Library and Archives, xi, 10 Mennonite Life, 295 Mennonite Mission Board (Doopsgezinde Zendingsraad), 167ոՅ Mennonite origins, 4 Mennonite Peace Group (Doopsgezind Vredesgroep), 157 Mennonite Peace Manifesto (1936), 78 Mennonite Polish Studies Association, xi Mennonite population statistics, 5-6 Mennonite Seminary (Amsterdam), 167n3,167n4 Mennonite World Conference, 78, 139,140,155 Mennonite Youth Circular Community, 104-18 Mennonites and the Holocaust conference (2018), xi, 9 Mennonites as Dutch, 270,275,277, 279 Mennonites as rescuers of Jews, 3, 23,153,155,157,160 Mennonites as translators, 11,52,53, 213-16, 219, 240 Mennonites as war criminals, 3,10, 11,15, 35,41,51-6,153 Mennonitische Blätter, 87,112 Mennonitische Jugendwarte, 84 Mennonitische Rundschau, 188 Mesdag, Willem, 252,260,264n9 Mesdag-Hylkema, Sjoukje, 260, 264n9 Messerschmidt, Manfred, 53 Methodists, 73, 96n31,105 Mexico, 157 Military conscription, 108-9,177,182 Milliman, Robert, xi Mineralnye Vody, 3, 61-2 Ministry for the Occupied East, 292 Minlerčik, 204 Mobile Killing Squad C, 11, 24,45,59 Mobile Killing Squad D, 3,45-6,51, 53,58-9 mobile killing squads, 16,36,41,47, 52-3, 60-2, 211-12,271, 290, 301 Modi'in, Israel, 161 Mohr, Robert, 45
Molochans'k/Halbstadt, 3,51,52, 57, 68n46,133,206, 208,211-15, 217, 231, 236 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, 22 Molotschna Colony, xiii, 11,52,126, 132-3,148n80,206,208,215,218-19, 232,290,296-7 Moltmann, Jürgen, 140 Monnickendam, 251 Morden, Manitoba, 296 Moscow, 205 Mueller, Wilhelm, 100n53 Müller, Erich, 59,60 Munich, 122n25,276 Münster, Hans, 71n63 Muntau. See Yablunivka Musch, Jan, 265n24 Muslims, 87 Musmanno, 269 Mussert, A.A., 159 Mussolini, Benito, 168nl9 Myeshkov, Dmytro, 11,19, 21-3, 36 Mykolaiv, 59
332 Index Napoleonie Wars, 174 National Socialist Movement (Netherlands), 22,154,156,158-9, 162-4, 250 National Socialist People's Welfare (NSV), 235 National Socialist Teachers League, 188 National Socialist Women's League (Nationalsozialistische Frauenschaft), 116 Nazi church-state policy, 72-91 Nazi Party, 3,14, 57,102n68,116, 121n22,127-9,133,150nl01,172, 187-9,301 Neff, Christian, 84,97n38,98n40, 99n49 Nelyubova, Anastasia, 229 Netherlands, 5, 12, 23,55,126,129, 140,153-66,250-61, 277 Neufeld, Jacob A., 246n57,272,274, 291 Neufeldt, Colin R, 11,19, 21-2,173 Neufeldt-Fast, Arnold, 11,21-2, 111 Neustadt, 273 Neuteich. See Nowy Staw New Economic Policy, 270 Nickel, Richard, 94n22 Nickolaidorf, 63n8 Niemöller, Martin, 85, ІОІпбО Nieuwenhuijzen, Jan, 251 Nieuwenhuis, Nico, 254 Nijhoff, Martinus, 265ո24 Nikopol', 41,45 NKVD, 15,23,203-5,219,221, 224nl9,227ո66,232, 270-2, ЗОЇ. See also GPU; KGB; OGPU; SMERŠ nonresistance, 5, 72, 76-80,139, 163- 4,182-3 North Holland, 154 Norway, 95n25 Nove Zaporizhzhia/Kitschkas/ Einlage, 44,46, 206, 208, 210-11, 240, 242nl0. See also Zaporizhzhia Novičk, Peter, 17 Novokhortytsya, 134-5. See also Khortytsya; Verkhnya Khortytsya Novopyatigorsk, 60. See also Pyatigorsk Novo-Zlatopol, 231 Nowe Wymyśle/Deutsch Wymyschle, 11,19-20,172-192 Nowy Staw/Neuteich, 308 Nuremberg Laws, 85,114,130,133, 145n50,156 Nuremberg Trials, 139, 269 Oaths, 72 Oberländer, Helmut, 14,38,51-3,59 Odessa, 48, 202,215 OGPU, 204, 219. See also GPU; KGB; NKVD; SMERŠ Ohlendorf, Otto, 59 Oleksandrivs'k/Schönwiese, 45 Olgino, 62 Ontario, 51,126 Oosthuizen, 263n7 Operation
Market Garden, 256 Orel, 46 Orenburg, 205 Orlove/ Ohrloff, 217-18,236 Orłowskie Pole/Orlofferfelde, 309 Orthodox, 50, 230-1 Osterwick. See Dolyns'ke/Osterwick Oudebildtzijl, 164-5 Overijssel, 154 Pacifism. See nonresistance Palache, Jehuda Lion, 252 Palatinate, 6,104,122n25 Panfilivka/Marienthal, 134 Pannabecker, Rachel, xi Panova, Maria, 221
Index 333 Paraguay, 16,69ո48,157,276, 280, 293, ЗОЇ Paris, 278 Partisans, 41 Pauls, Minna Ratzlaff, 183-4 Pauls, Peter, 184 Pavlivka/Paulsheim, 134 Pel, Trijnie, 4 Pel, Wijbrand, 258, 260 Pel-Groot, Geertje, 3-4,17,258-60 Pelplin, Poland, 311 Penner, Horst, 309-10 Penner, Lydia, 166 Penner, Maria, 42 Pentecostals, 105,120nll People's Militia (Volkssturm), 192 Peters, 136 Peters, Helene, 232,235 Pfann-Pel, Trijnie, 259 Pikloenko, Nikolaj Abramovič. See Dierksen, Johann Genrichovič Pilate, 162 Pintus, Peter, 28nl9 Piontkovskiy. See Federau, Rudolf place names, usage of, xii Plotha, 42 Pohl, J. Otto, 270 Pokrovsk, 228ո69 Poland, partitions, 174 Poljakova. See Harms, Maria positive Christianity, 21,84,86, 147n68 Post, Pieter, 11,18,21 Poznań/Posen/Wartheland, 6,41-2, 88, 95n25,126,136-8,150nl02,241 Presbyterians, 250,255 Preussisch Stargard, 273 Prins, Aaron, 263n6 Pripet Marshes, 53 Prochnau, Daniel, 177,187 Protestant Refugee Committee, 252 Protestant Relief Work, 311 Prussia (East, West), 104, 111, 126,129 Prussian State Library, 46 Pryshyb/Prischib, 137 Puritans, 75 Pyatigorsk, 3, 59,60-1,205,228n68. See also Novopyatigorsk Quakers, 21, 73,84-5,90,100n56, 100n59,103n87,157 Quiring, Horst, 81,110-11,126,130, 138,140,145n49,146n60 Quiring, Walter/Jacob, 13, 69n48 Ratzlaff, Agnes Pauls, 174 Ratzlaff, Alma, 181 Ratzlaff, David, 181 Ratzlaff, Ella, 173 Ratzlaff, Erhard, 184,187 Ratzlaff, Erich L., 172-3,177-8,183, 186-8 Ratzlaff, Erich R, 201n65 Ratzlaff, Frieda, 20,172-3,181-2 Ratzlaff, Gustav, 174,183-4 Ratzlaff, Leonard R, 183 Ratzlaff, Maria, 183 Ratzlaff, Peter, 20,1724!,
181 Ratzlaff, Richard, xii Ravensbrück, 4,259,267n38 Red Army, 5,24,42,52,56,59, 62, 181,184,192,210, 213,215-17, 219, 235,241,259,270-1,275-6,294, 297,308,311,313 reformed, 98n43, 215, 250,254-5, 257,261 Reich Ministry for the Eastern Occupied Territories, 46 Reich Security Main Office, 60 Reichstag, 57 Reimer, Gustav, 137,138 Reimer, Isaak I., 208,211, 219, 221,236
334 Index Reimer, Jack, 10,12-13, 54-5, 68ո46 Reimer, Jacob, 68n46 Reimers, Cornelius, 271 Reimers, Franziska, 24,269,271, 275-6,280-1 Rempel, Alexander, 37,44-7,59, 71n63, 240 Rempel, Gerhard, 5,12,14, 20-1, 23, 35-9,69n47, 309 Rempel, Hans, 47 Rempel, Helena, 299 Rempel, Jakob Aron, 44 Rennert, Ferdinand, 177,187 Retzlaff, Reinhard, 71n63 Reuter, Sasha, 297 Rhöribruderhof, 85,100n57,157 Riemsdijk, Joseph Hubert van, 251-2 Righteous Among the Nations, 23, 234,253 Rode, 178 Roeper, Dirk, 255 Roeper, Dírk, Jr, 255 Roeper-Bakker, Femina, 255 Roma, 3,36,47,51,179,210-11, 216 Romanian military, 47-8,297 Roostee, Ina, 265ո23 Roostee, Johannes, 255, 260 Roostee-Roeper, Petronella Maria Geertruida, 255 Rosenberg, Alfred, 47,79,95n25,292 Rosenfeld, Harry, 281 Rosental, Caucasus, 205 Rosenthal, Chortitza Colony, 45,233 Rosenthal, Judith, 118 Ross, Alexander, 273 Ross, Olga Petrikow, 273 Rossman, 208 Rostov, 54,61 Rotfeld, 136 Rotterdam, 157 Rottevalle, 264nl2 Royse, Morton, 277 Rozendaal, Marianne, 255 Russian Civil War, 230,236,270 Russian Revolution, 202,236 SA (Sturmabteilung), 108-9,115, 121ո22,122ո23,138 Saint Petersburg, 236 Sanniki, 190 Sarabuz, 204 Sawatzky, John, 299 Sawatzky, Peter, 301 Schaft, Hannie, 266ո29 Schindler Factory Museum, 16 Schipper, Klaas Abe, 263ո7 Schlick, Friedrich, 143ո42 Schmidt, Leonard, 181 Schmidt, Minna, 181 Schmidt, Paul, 96n31 Schmutz, Herbert, 111 Schnebele, Christian, 82, 97n39, 98n42, 130, 138,143n41 Schneider, Daniel, 113 Schneider, Ferdinand, 178,186 Schöneberg, 234 Schönwiese. See Oleksandrivs'k Schoorl, 154,157 Schowalter, Jochen, 119n2
Schowalter Foundation, xi Schröder, Heinrich Hajo, 13,132, 146n65 Schroeder, J.H., 39 Schroeder, Steven, 18,20,24,25 Schroeder, Wilhelm, 187 Schulz, 213 Schutte, Henk, 254 SD (Sicherheitsdienst), 45,51,53,57, 92n3,95n25,186, 206, 210-17,221 237-41, 259, 281,301 Seenwijk, 154 self-defense units (Selbstschutz), 179 206, 208, 272,291
Index 335 Selydove/Selidovka, 55-6 Sepp, A.A., 159 Sermon on the Mount, 131 Šestakovka, 216 Seventh-day Adventists, 21, 73,84-5, 87, 99n52,100n53,102n70,102n72, 105 Sharp, John, xi, 10 Shilko, Aleksandr, 233 Shoah Foundation Visual History Archive, 9 Shubert, Nikolai, 246n63,247n66 Siberia, 45,205,271 Siderenko, Nikolai, 52 Sierakówek, 186 Simferopol', 58-9, 203-5, 208,211-16, 220, 228n68 Sinti, 179. See also Roma Sinz, Kurt, 84 Sipkema, J.W., 261 Sladek, Paulus, 307 Slooten, Johanna van der, 260,263n9, 264nl2 SMERŠ, 217, 228n69. See also GPU; KGB; NKVD; OGPU Smith, C. Henry, 155 Sneek, 251, 260-1 Sobibor, 4, 258 Social Democrats, 86, 87,154, 158,163 Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada, xii Söder, Hans-Peter, 294 Sohm, Rudolf, 92n8 Soviet nationalities policy, 270 Soviet prisoners of war, 36,42,56 Spain, 144n44 Sparrau, 219 Spat, 204, 224nl9 Special Unit Russia, 48, 202,206 Special Unit Stumpp, 135,208,292 Spittler, Hans, 147n74 SS (Schutzstaffel), 3,13-14,16, 35, 41, 47-8, 53-4, 57-9, 69ո47,129, 137-8, 143ո34, 187, 208, 212-13, 215, 217, 234, 272, 275, 281, 300-1. See also Waffen-SS Division Galizien St Catharines, Ontario, 54 Stalin, 6,19, 24,44,132,139,218,229, 231,293, 300-3 Stalindorf, 231 Stalingrad, 59 Stalino. See Donets'k/Stalino Steigmann-Gall, Richard, 89 Steinfeld, 236 Steinhart, Eric, 10,202 Stern, Steve, 24,300 St'odö people, 315 Stoner, Andre Gingerich, 9 Stragen, Eduard van, 264nl2 Strohschneider, 61 Strübind, Andrea, 89 Stucky, Renae, xi Stumpp, Karl, 135-6,149n95,237, 292. See also Special Unit Stumpp Stutthof. See Sztutowo Sudermann,
Anna, 37,43-4,231, 233-4, 238-9, 247n73,295, 296,302 Suvorovka, 62 Svitlodolyns'ke/Lichtenau, 218 Svobody, 60 Swaab, Betsy, 258 Swaab, Hijman, 259 Swaab, Marion, 4, 259, 261 Switzerland, 259 Sztutowo/Stutthof, 5,14,24, 308-10 Taganrog, 52,54 Task Force against Military Service {Arbeidsgroep tegen de Krijgsdienst), 154,157-8, 169ոՅՅ
336 Index Task Force of Mennonites and Kindred Spirits (Werkgemeenschap Doopsgezinden en Geestverwanten), 157 Tatars, 205,212-13 Tavonius, 57 Taylor, C.J., 278 Tchaikovsky (Soviet general), 271 Tempelhof, 61-2 Terek, 62 Texel, 255 theology, 11-12,21,125^0,153-66 Thiesen, John D., 10, 36-7, 69n48, 141nl Thiessen, J.J., 313 Tierra del Fuego, 112 Timošenko, 211 Toews, Aron, 239, 247n73 Toews, H.P., 247n74 Toews, Maria Sudermann, 247n73,313 Tokmak, 52 Tolchinski, Dmitri, 233 Tolchinski, Khaya, 233 Tolchinski, Semion, 233 Tolstoyans, 5 Toronto, 280 Transnistria, 19, 206 Trawniki, 54-5, 69n50 Treaty of Versailles, 96n29,106, 127,309 Treffers-Mesdag, Nine, 260 Tuininga, J.E., 265n22 Tzeyikhman, Meyir, 233 Tzeyikhman, Sara, 233 University of Winnipeg, xii UNRRA, 276 Unruh, Benjamin H., 55,127,129, 132,134-8,145n50,149n95, 15ІПІ13,15ІПІ16 Urry, James, 10,65nl4 US Department of Justice Office of Special Investigations, 38,41,51, 55,69n50 Vancouver, British Columbia, 16 Varesko, Rudolf, 272 Veendorp, Gerrit, 255,265ո22 Venda, Petr, 228ո68 Verband deutscher Mennonitengemeinden. See Federation Vereinigung der Deutschen Mennonitengemeinden. See Alliance Vergangenheitsbewältigung, 294 Verkhnya Khortytsya, 233 Versailles. See Treaty of Versailles Vistula Delta, 307-8,311 Vistula River, 6 Vodiana/Gnadental, 135 Vogel, 43 Vogt, Willi, 141nl Voigt, Karl Heinz, 90 Volendam (ship), 280 Volga, 205 Volhynia, 131,270 Volk/völkisch, 104-18,131-3,138 Volkssturm. See People's Militia Vught, 259,267ո38 Ukraine Post, 132-4 Ukrainians, 15,21, 23,41,45,52, 58, 132,135,213, 219, 230-1,233-4,
236-7,272-3,291-2,296,299 University of Toronto, xii University of Vienna, 143n42 Waag, Max, 259 Waag, Rebecca, 258-9 Wadden, 165,171ո57 Waffen-SS Division Galizien, 213. See also SS Wannsee Conference, 47
Index 337 war criminals. See Mennonites as war criminals Warren, George, 277-8, 280-1 Warsaw, 55 Warthegau/Wartheland. See Poznań Washington, DC, 314 Weber, Max, 74,83, 92n8,104 Weerafdeling (Netherlands), 162 Wegert, Reinhold, 190 Wehrmacht, 12, 24,45-6,59-60, 67ո30, 69ո47,172,178-9, 184, 219, 232, 291, 294, 300-1 Weidemann, Erika, 11,18-19, 24 Weierhof, 84 Weimar Republic, 72, 76, 80,86-8, 96ո29,101ո67 Wenniger, Willem Maillette de Buy, 267n39 Wenzel, Kurt, 60, 211,217 Werner, Hans, 5,18, 20,24 Westerbork, 157,258 Westminster Confession, 75 Whip, 173, 292 White Army, 227ո66,270 Wiebe, Abraham, 219 Wiebe, Heinrich, 45, 67n31,236-7, 239-40 Wiebe, Peter Dietrich, 41 Wiebe, Rudy, 94nl6 Wieler, Joachim, 12 Wiens, A., 215 Wiens, Agnessa Korneevna, 216 Wiens, David Korneevič, 205 Wiens, E.P., 205 Wiens, Hans, 234-235 Wiens, Heinrich, 3,4,12,14,23, 30n40,36,39,57-62,71n63,210-13, 217,227n66 Wiens, Hermann, 57 Wiens, Jakob, 213 f Wiens, Kornej Korneevič, 205,220, 224ո21 Wiens, Margaret, 39 Wiens, Suse, 234 Wiesel, Elie, 37,140 Wiesenthal, Simon, 69n48 Wilms, Ivan, 224nl9 Winkel, Miny te, 267ո39 Winter, Henry, 291 Witzke, Rudolf, 181 Wohlgemuth, Heinrich, 181 Wohlgemuth, Kornelius, 181 Wohlgemuth, Lina, 181 Wolfe Chair in Holocaust Studies, xii women, 11,23-4, 42-3, 48,56,104, 116,177,192,204,210, 214,230-1, 235-6, 254, 259-60,269-82,297, 299, 301-2 Wood, W.A., Jr., 280 Woodbrooke Quaker Centre, 154 World War 1,5,15,57, 88,96n29,106, 127,169n33,202, 219, 270,308 Württemberg, 6,126 Wymyśle. See Nowe Wymyśle/ Deutsch Wymyschle Yablunivka/Muntau, 57, 62, 211 Yad Vashem, 17,232,
244n43, 250-61 Yakushev, L.T., 203 Yelnikov family, 234 Zaan, 157 Zaandam, Netherlands, 3, 258-9 Zaporizhzhia, И, 23,41-2,44-7,51, 54, 67ո31, 203,206, 210,217-18, 229—41,296-7, 301. See also Nove Zaporizhzhia/Kitschkas/Einlage Zapp, Paul, 214, 228ո68 Zborik, Natalya, 234 Zhytomyr, 50,67n29 Zondagsbode, 250 Bayerisch* Staatsbibliothek 1 München |
| adam_txt |
Contents List of Illustrations ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction - Neighbours, Killers, Enablers, Witnesses: The Many Roles of Mennonites in the Holocaust 3 DORIS L. BERGEN, MARK JANTZEN, AND JOHN D. THIESEN Introduction to Chapter 1 - Mennonites and Nazi Crimes: Gerhard Rempel's Call for Historical Reckoning 35 DORIS L. BERGEN 1 Mennonites, War Crimes, and the Holocaust 41 GERHARD REMPEL, EDITED BY DORIS L. BERGEN WITH JOHN D. THIESEN 2 Enjoying the Entitlements of German Freedom: German Mennonites and Nazi Church-State Policy 72 JAMES IRVIN LICHTI 3 Antisemitism and the Concept of Volk: The Mennonite Youth Circular Community at the Beginning of the Nazi Dictatorship 104 IMANUEL BAUMANN 4 German Mennonite Theology in the Era of National Socialism 125 ARNOLD NEUFELDT-FAST
viii Contents 5 Dutch Mennonite Theologians and Nazism 153 PIETER POST 6 Mennonite Collaboration with Nazism: A Case Study of the Responses of Mennonites in Deutsch Wymyschle, Poland, to the Plight of Local Jews during the Early Nazi Occupation Period (1939-1942) 172 COLIN P. NEUFELDT 7 Mennonites in Ukraine before, during, and Immediately after the Second World War 202 DMYTRO MYESHKOV 8 A Portrait of Khortytsya/Zaporizhzhia under Occupation 229 AILEEN FRIESEN 9 Dutch Mennonites and Yad Vashem Recognition 250 ALLE G. НОЕКЕМА 10 Identity and Complicity: The Post-Second World War Emigration of Chortitza Mennonites 269 ERIKA WEIDEMANN 11 A Usable Past: Soviet Mennonite Memories of the Holocaust 290 HANS WERNER 12 Selective Memory: Danziger Mennonite Reflections on the Nazi Era, 1945-1950 307 STEVEN SCHROEDER List of Contributors 319 Index 323
Index Adorno, Theodor, 125 Advent-Bote, 84 Akkrum, 266ո29 Albrecht, Hans, 100ո56 Aleksandrovsk. See Zaporizhzhia Alkmaar, 160 Alliance (Vereinigung der Deutschen Mennonitengemeinden), 4,78,108, 126, 129, 142n23,143n34,183 Alsace, 5, 6 Althaus, Paul, 105,118 Altmennoniten. See German Evangelical Baptists Ameland, 171ո57 Amish, 5 Amsterdam, 4, 28nl9, 78,157,255, 257-9, 267n38 Anabaptists, 4,5,17, 73,76, 82,85,88, 92n6, 97n38,105,130-1,140,154-5, 158,162-4,191 Andres, Komei, 246n63 Angrick, Andrej, 53,58 Anne Tanenbaum Centre for Jewish Studies, xii Antamonov, 210 anthropology, 140 Antichrist, 126,138 Antisemitism, 8,11,19,22,86-9, 104-18,132-3,139,189, 232 Apeldoorn, 256 Arendt, Hannah, 126 Argentina, 235 Armenians, 50 Arnhem, 255-6 Arnold, Eberhard, 130,144n43 Aryan Paragraph (Law for the Restoration of Professional Civil Service), 113-14,117 Association of Behalf of the Public Welfare (Maatschappij tot Nut van't Algemeen), 251 Association of Behalf of the Welfare of the Israelites (МддѓѕсЛлррг/ tot Nut der Israëlieten), 251 Auschwitz, 4,252,257, 258 Austria, 157 Azov, 206,215 Baden, 6,95n24,104,126 Bakhoven, Helena Cornelia Leignes, 260 Baptists, 73,88-9, 96n31,105,107 Baratov, 136 Barmen Declaration, 83, 91, 98n43,130 Barneveld, 256 Barry, Dan, 55 Barth, Karl, 85,98n44,118,160
324 Index Battle of Bzura, 178 Bauman, Zygmunt, 125,128,132,138 Baumann, Helmut, 119n2 Baumann, Imanuel, 21 Baumann, Thomas, 119n2 Bavaria, 6,104,126 Beck, von, 62 Belarus, 52 Belgium, 259 Belinsch, Moses, 61 Ben Shemen Forest, 161 Bender, Harold S., 14,130 Berdyans'k, 54 Berg, Helene, 133 Bergen, Doris L., xi, xii, 14 Berger, 214 Berggrav (Bishop), 95n25 Berkhoff, Karel, 8,19 Berlin, 46,48,51,60,122n25,130, 135,247n66, 252,276,280, 297,313 Berlin Document Center, 58,279 Bethel College, xi, 10 Biblical references: Exodus 34:7,128; Leviticus 19:34,123n37; Isaiah 1:15, v; Daniel 12:4,76; Matthew 5:37,4,17; Matthew 25:41-45, v; Luke 10:25-27, 112; 1 Corinthians 13:9,93nl2 Bijuk-Onlar, 205 Binyamini, Hadas, xii Black Sea, 135 Blokzijl, 264nl2 Bluffton University, 155 Boer War, 301 Boer, Bouwe de, 165 Bogdanova. See Harms, Maria Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, 79,96n28 Boom, Casper ten, 267n38 Boom, Corrie ten, 259,267n38 Borculo, 261 Bormann, Martin, 79, 95n25,96n27 Bote, Der, 13 Branchweilerhof, 99n48 Braun, Anna, 26n8 Braun, Connie T., v, xii, 19 Braun, Jacob, 299 Braun, Peter J., 126 Braune, 213 Brazil, 69n48,157 Breidig, Birgit, 116 Brest, 218 Brethren, 105 Brethren of the Common Life, 159 Brink, Albertina, 28nl9 Brussé, Geesje Nieuwenhuis, 253-5,260 Brussee-van der Zee, Elisabeth I. T., 22,154-5,167n4 Buber, Martin, 85,101n61 Buchsweiler, Meir, 203 Bund freikirchlicher Christen, 82 California, 73 Calvinists, 250 Canada, 6,16,24, 35, 38,126,139, 177, 235,237,239, 265ո23, 276,280, 293, ЗОЇ, 315 Canada, alternative service, 18 Canadian Mennonite Board of Colonization, 313 Canadian
Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, 55 Cannegieter, Lambertus, 266n32 Carmel, New York, 54, 68n46 Carter, Sarah, 297 Carusi, Ugo, 280 Catholics, 86,102n72,107,206,215, 262n2, 263n9,307 Cattepoel, Dirk, 111-13,138-9, 144n45,145n55,15ІПІ16 Caucasus, 3,51,53,59,134, 202, 212-13,215-16,227n66 Center Party, 86
Index 325 Central Bureau for Immigration (Einwandererzentralstelle), 38,235, 238, 273,279 Centre for Transnational Mennonite Studies, xii Chełmno extermination camp, 173 Chicago, 112 Chile, 300 Chortitza Colony, xiii, 11, 24,43,45, 59,132-4,148n80,269-82,290-1, 295-6, 300 Christliche Versammlung, 82,98ո42 Christmann, Kurt, 59, 71n63 Church and Peace, 158,167nl2 Church Renewal Movement, 154-5 Civilian Public Service, 18 Clark, Ramsey, 55 Clercq, Goverta de, 159,160 Cohen, Hans Frits, 266n31 Cohen, Johan, 266n31 Cohen, Leny, 257 Colonialism, ЗОЇ Confessing Church, 48,81,83, 85,91, 97n35,97n36,98n40,98n44 Conscription. See Military conscription Coppello, Anna Coppeyne van de, 266n32 CRALOG, 311 Crimea, 3,53, 59, 61, 202-6, 211-16 Crous, Ernst, 46 Cubitt, Geoffrey, 298, 300 Cultural Workers' Guild (Kultuurkamer), 255, 265n24 Czechoslovakia, 69n50 Częstochowa, 55 Dalsum, Albert van, 265n24 Danzig. See Gdańsk Deľ, Viktor, 214 Den Haag, 264nll Denmark, 250, 311 denominationalism, 21, 72-91 Denver, John, 13 Deutschland erwache!, 127 Deutsch-Wymyschle. See Nowe Wymyśle /Deutsch Wymyschle Deventer, 257 Diem, Harald, 98n44 Diepenveen, 257 Dierksen, Johann Genrichovič, 219-20 Dik, David, 246n63 Dik, Ivan Ivanovich, 55-6,246n63 Dirks, Heinrich, 132 disabled, killing of, 11, 23, 36,134 displaced persons, 276-81,311-12 Displaced Persons Act, 55 Dnieper Hydroelectric Station, 230 Dnieper River, 44-6,54, 206, 230, 232,239, 271 Dnipro (Dnipropetrovsk), 45,235, 271-2 Dniprodzerzhynsk. See Kamianske/ Dniprodzerzhynsk Dnister River, 47 Dolyns'ke/Osterwick, 37, 292,294 Don Basin, 61, 206
Donets'k/Stalino, 52,208, 216 Doopsgezinde Bijdragen, 252 Drachten, 261 draft. See military conscriptions Dresden, 116,300 Driedger, Erika, 143n34 Driedger, Jonas J., 87 Drooge, Alexander Hubertus van, 257-8, 260 Drooge, Johann Hubertus van, 267n35 Drooge-Stoffel, Sytske van, 267n35 Drooge-ter Haar, Eddy van, 260, 266n29 Drywa, Danuta, 308 Dueck, Johann. See Ivan Ivanovich Dik
326 Index Dufour-va n Hall, Hester, 268ո43 Dumitru, Diana, 19 Dutch Mennonite Emigration Office, 156 Dutch Mennonite Mission (Doopsgezinde Zendings Vereniging), 256 Dyck, A.I., 228ո69 Dyck, Elfrieda, 280 Dyck, Isaak, 224nl9 Dyck, Johannes, xii Dyck, Peter }., 276,280,312-14 Eash, William, xi Eastern Front Medal (Ostmedaille), 57-8 Ecumenical Conference on Life and Work (Oxford, 1937), 80 Ediger, Jakob, 65nl4 Egides, Revekka, 233 Ehrt, Adolf, 15 Eicher, John, 14 Eichmann, Adolf, 55,69n48 Eichmann, Eduard, 186,188 Eicks, Jakob, 71n63 Einlage. See Nove Zaporizhzhia/ Kitschkas / Einlage Einsatzgruppen. See mobile killing squads Einwanderer Zentralstelle. See Central Bureau for Immigration Eisenhower, Dwight, 13 Elikinson, Pavel, 241 Elspeet, 154,157 Emden, 86,255 England, 157 English Civil War, 75 Enns, Johann, 132 Epp, Adina, 24, 269, 271, 273-5, 279-81 Epp, David, 247n74 Epp, Frank H., 10,65nl4 Epp, Hans, 236 Epp, Johann, 134,137 Epp, Maria, 216 Epp, Marlene, 10 Epp family, 13,14 Erasmus, 159 Ersak, Vladimir, 238,246n63 Eschatology, 140 Essentuki, 62 Etersheim, 263n7 Ethnic German Liaison Office (Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle), 136, 138,206,272-4,278-9, 291 ethnic Germans, 16,18, 20,22,35, 41,52, 54,134-5,172,175,177, 179-80,188,191,202-21, 229, 231,270-1,273,275, 277,292, 296-7 Ethnic Germans List (Deutsche Volksliste), 180,187, 272-3 Extraordinary State Commission to Investigate German-Fascist Crimes Committed on Soviet Territory, 47 Fallingsbostel, 311 Fast, Alfred, 86 Fast, Gerhard, 46,229, 292,295 Fast, Ivan, 54,237-8,246n63,247n66, 248n88 Fast, Jacob, 54,237-8,239, 246n63
Fast, Natalie Toews, 238-9,247n73 Federal District Court, Manhattan, 55 Federation (Verband deutscher Mennonitengemeindeń), 4,6,125-6 Federau, Rudolf, 208,211-14 Fellmann, Ernst, 111 Fellmann, Walter, 97n40,99n48, 10ІП66 Feodosija, 216,224n21 Fischer, Fritz, 314 Fisher, Michael}., xii
Index 327 Floh, Jacob Hendrik, 251 Florida, 51 Foerster, R., 138 Fomenko, Stephan, 238, 246n63, 247n66 Foth, Albert, 186-7 France, 6,12, 22 Franco-Prussian War, 88 Franken-Duparc, Else, 264nl2 Fransen Family Foundation, xi Fraser Valley, 315 Fredeshiem, 154,157 free church, 21, 72-80 freedom of conscience, 76-80 French Revolution, 5,86, 251 Frie, Roger, 294-5 Friesen, Aileen, xii, 11,19,21, 23 Friesennot (movie), 16 Friesland, 171n57 Fuchs, Emil, 85,91,100n59, ІОІпбО Fuchs, Klaus, 100n59 Funk, Hilde, 109, 111 Funk Kaserne, 276 Gąbin, 172-92 Galicia, 6,48 Galician Mennonites, 27nl2 gas vans, 3,52, 60,71n69 gay men, 73 Gdańsk/Danzig, 3,5, 6,14,16,24, 57, 81, 88,10ІП67,106,122n25, 126,129, 275, 307,308,309 Gelderland, 154 Gemeindeblatt, 82,129-30 genealogy, 131,135,139,145n50 General Mennonite Conference (Algemene Doopsgezinde Sociëteit), 155-6,158-9, 257 Geneva, 314 genocide, 4,11, 62 Georgiyevsk, 62 Gering, Jon, xi Gerlach, Horst, 309 German Catholic Aid Society, 307, 311-12 German Christian Movement, 48, 130,145n49 German citizenship, 54 German Communist Party, 87 German Democratic Republic, 100n59 German Evangelical Baptists, 95n24 German Foreign Institute, 135,137, 149n95 Gestapo, 71n63,85,100n57,157,186, 212,240,267n38,296,297 ghetto, 11,55,138,173,178,186, 191,233 Giethoorn, 265nl7 Gilše, Sophie van, 267n38 Gingerich, Josef, 91 Glass factory massacre, 3,39,57-62 Glück, Theo, 107-8,115,119ո2 Gnadenfeld, 219 Gnadental. See Vodiana Goebbels, Joseph, 96n27,133, 274 Goertz, Hans-Jürgen, 105,119n5,140 Goossen, Benjamin, 10,89,141nl, 202 Goryachevodsky, 60 Gostynin, 186,190
Gottgläubig, 57 Göttingen, 46 Göttner, Erich, 81, 83,106,110-11, 122n25,126,127 Götz, Karl, 137-8 GPU, 43,44,60, 240. See also KGB; NKVD·, OGPU; SMERŠ Graf, Matthias, 269, 271, 275 Graz, Austria, 213 Great Depression, 87,102n68 Greiser, Arthur, 88-9,136,150nl01 Groningen, 157
328 Index Groot, Inne de, 165 Grüber, Heinrich, 252 Gulag, 44,192, 236,271-2,297,300, 301, 311 Guyana, 156 Haar, Bernard ter, 257 Haarlem, 159,253-4,260,266n29, 267n38,267n38 Hacke, Richard, 178 Halbstadt. See Molochans'k/ Halbstadt Halbwachs, Maurice, 17 Hall, Walraven van, 260, 267n43 Hamburg, 6 Händiges, Emil, 100n57,126-7, 129,138 Hannover, 239 Harder, Gerhard. See Luitjens, Jacob Harder, Hans, 13, 37,48 Harms, Maria, 205-6, 215-16,220, 227n66 Harvey, Elizabeth, 24 Hege, Christian, 146n65 Hegewald Project, 67n29 Heidelberg, 130 Heier, Wilhelm, 181 Helm, Krijn van der, 260 Heniches'k, 214 Hesse, 98n40,122n25 Hesston College, xi, 10 Heubuden, 126,137 Heydrich, Reinhard, 57,95n25 Hiersack, Karl, 236 Hilberg, Raul, 38 Hildebrand, Diedrich, 300-1 Hildebrandt, Mary, 297 Hillesum, Etty, 258 Hillesum, Louis, 258 Hillesum, Mischa, 258 Himmler, Heinrich, 8,35,41,51,57, 67n29, 79, 95n25,136 Hindeloopen/Koudum, 264nl2 Hinz, Alfred, 309 Historikerstreit, 315 Hitler, 8, 21-2, 24,41,44,67n30, 72, 79-80, 87,89,126-7,129,133,135, 136,138,142nl7,144n44,153,158, 176,181,183,203,214,218,250, 290, 293,294,300,302-3 Hitler Youth, 35,133,180,183,187 Hochfeld, 45 Hoekema, Alle G., 17-18,21,23,156, 167n3 Hoekema, Gabe B., 153,167n3 Hoffmeyer, Horst, 208, 284n41 Holbom, Louise, 281 Holst, Adriaan Roland, 265n24 Homan, Gerlof D., 155-6,167n5, 252-3 Honecker, Martin, 105 Hoy, Lise Rempel, 39nl Huebert, John, 52 Hungarians, 211 Hutterites, 5,85 Hylkema, 55 Hylkema, Comelis Bonne, 22,153-66 Hylkema, Govert W, 171n60 Hylkema, Tjeerd Oeds, 252 Ijlst, 263n9,264nl2 Indonesia, 132,167n3,264nl2 Ingwersen,
Johannes, 265n23 Inja, Cor, 258 International Refugee Organization, 277-81,311-12,314 Israel/Palestine, 10, ІОІпбІ, 158 Italian fascism, 158 Jacobs, Netty, 260 Jansen, Gerard, 263n9 Jantzen, Eric, 118 Jantzen, Mark, xi, 9,15,118,221 Janzen, Elizabeta Julévna, 215-16
Index 329 Janzen, Heinrich, 41-2 Janzen, Jacob H., 126,138 Janzen, Victor, 301 Janzen, Waldemar, 292, 298-9 Janzen, Wilhelm, 298 Java. See Indonesia Jehovah's Witnesses, 90 Jewish Council (Joodsche Road), 258 Jewish sources/perspectives, 23 Jewish-Mennonite intermarriage, 5, 37,299 Jewish-Mennonite relations, 19,42-3, 126,134,172-92,201n65,230-5, 242nl0,250-61,295-6,299-300 Jost, Hulda, 84 Kaganovich, Lazar, 302 Kahan, Stuart, 302 Kalinindorf, 231 Kamianske/Dniprodzerzhynsk, 45 Kansas, 14,28nl9,39 Karaites, 50, 67n31 Kassel, 228n68 Katharinendorf, 45 Kazan, 160 Kehrer, 60 Kerch Peninsula, 53 Keuning, Herman, 266n29 Keuning-Tichelaar, An, 260, 266n29 KGB, 11, 69n50, 203. See also GPU; NKVD; OGPU; SMERŠ Kharkiv, 208,215-16 Khortytsya, 229-41. See also Novokhortytsya; Verkhnya Khortytsya Kieling, 237 Kiev, 44,49-50, 58,221 Kipp, Michaela, 116 Kislovodsk, 3,61-2 Kitchener-Waterloo, 38 Kitschkas. See Nove Zaporizhzhia/ Kitschkas / Einlage Kladov, I.F., 71n63 Klassen, Andrej, 227ո61 Klassen, C.E, 280-1,312-13 Klassen, Dietrich, 208 Klassen, Ivan Ivanovic, 11, 216-17, 219 Massen, Otto, 232, 234,300-1 Kliewer, Gustav, 177,187 Kliewer, Julius, 245n54 Kliewer, Reinhold, 181 Kohut, Andriy, 221 Kolpanov, Boris, 238 Komsomol, 205 Königsberg, 91 Konijnenburg, Martha van, 267n38 Koning, Petronessa, 255 Konrad, Karl, 272 Konstantinovka, 214 Korff, Friedrich, 235 Korff, Tamara, 234-5 Kostenetzky, Olga, 237 Kotomtsev, I.F., 71n63 Koudum. See Hindeloopen/ Koudum Kovalevsky (Jewish family), 56 Kraemer, Gustav, 81,125,128-9,138, 142nl7,144n45 Krahn, Cornelius, 66n28,118,130, 240, 263n6,277
Krahn, Ivan, 246n63 Kraków, 16 Krasnodar, 52,53,59 Krefeld, 6, 77,81, 94nl6,111,125, 128-9,138-9,144n45 Kristallnacht, 117,129-30,252 Kroeger, E., 45 Kroeker, Jakob, 41 Kroeker, John ]., 41-2,55,278 Kröger, 134 Krüger, Heinrich, 143n34 Krüger, Katharina, 297-8 Kryvyi Rih, 45-6, 213
330 Index Kuhn, Walter, 135 Kuiper, Frits, 22,153-66, 251 Kuiper, Johanna, 263ո7 Kulaks, 15, 203,270 Kursk, 46 Kuyt, Abraham, 252, 263n8 Ladekopp, Poland. See Lubieszewo/ Ladekopp, Poland Ladekopp, Ukraine, 52 Langheid, Wilhelm, 71n63 Latter, Helene Frey, 233,296-7 Latter, Walter, 296 League of German Girls, 116,133, 180,183 Leers, Johann von, 133 Leeuwarden, 260 Leibbrandt, Georg, 47 Leipzig, 41-2 Lemberg. See Lviv Lemieux, Francois, 54 Leontev, Nikolaj, 69n50 Lepp, Olga, 245n47 Lerner, Leonid, 229 Letkemann, 213 Letkemann, Peter, 141nl Leyden, 267n38 Lichdi, Diether Götz, 78,105,117, 119n5,127,310 Lichtenau. See Svitlodolyns'ke Lichti, James Irvin, 20-2,105-6 Lichti, Otto, 99n48 Łódź/Litzmannstadt, 41,53,136, 138,150nl01 Loewen, Harry, 69n48 Loewen, Royden, xii Loganbill, Alec, xi Logtenberg, Johanna Cornelia, 260 Lorraine, 6 Low German, 37,276 Lower, Wendy, 8 Lubieszewo /Ladekopp, Poland, 308 Lublin, 55 Lubny, 46 Ludwigshafen, 147n74 Luftwaffe, 308 Luitjens, Jacob, 15-16,31n47 Lumans, Valdis, 136 Lustig, Peter, 255 Lutbrandau, 137 Luther, Martin, 98n44,140 Lutherans, 20,28nl9,45, 83,91, 95n25, 97n38,98n43,100n59,190, 206, 215,251 Lviv/Lemberg, 6,48 Madagascar Plan, 138,15ІПІ14 Magdeburg, 48 Makhno, Nestor, 237, 270 Makkum, 257,266n29 Manitoba, 132 Mannhardt, Hermann G., 88 Marburg, 122n25 Marienthal. See Panfilivka Mariupol', 54 Marpeck, Pilgram, 131 Marpeck Funk, xi Marwell, David, 53 Marx, Karl, 163 Matčanbaeva, T.V., 212-13,216, 226n42 Mazovia, 6,11,19 McKenna (judge), 55 Mecklenburg, 217 Meier, Erich, 71n63 Mein Kampf, 8,133,181,237 Melitopol', 46,52-3, 208, 212,214,
216,229 Melle, Friedrich Heinrich Otto, 96n31 Melnyk, Michael J., 211 Memory/ myth, 17-20 Mengele, Josef, 69n48 Menno Pass, 55,276
Index 331 Menno Simons, 105,130,144ո44 Mennonite Aid Office (Doopsgezinde Hulp Bureau), 157 Mennonite Brethren, 176,183,188-9 Mennonite Central Committee, 10, 15,24,55,276, 278, 280-1,296, 311-12,314 Mennonite Church USA, 9,10 Mennonite exceptionalism, 8 Mennonite Heritage Centre, 44 Mennonite identity/definitions, 8, 12-17,18,20, 24,37, 72-91 Mennonite Library and Archives, xi, 10 Mennonite Life, 295 Mennonite Mission Board (Doopsgezinde Zendingsraad), 167ոՅ Mennonite origins, 4 Mennonite Peace Group (Doopsgezind Vredesgroep), 157 Mennonite Peace Manifesto (1936), 78 Mennonite Polish Studies Association, xi Mennonite population statistics, 5-6 Mennonite Seminary (Amsterdam), 167n3,167n4 Mennonite World Conference, 78, 139,140,155 Mennonite Youth Circular Community, 104-18 Mennonites and the Holocaust conference (2018), xi, 9 Mennonites as Dutch, 270,275,277, 279 Mennonites as rescuers of Jews, 3, 23,153,155,157,160 Mennonites as translators, 11,52,53, 213-16, 219, 240 Mennonites as war criminals, 3,10, 11,15, 35,41,51-6,153 Mennonitische Blätter, 87,112 Mennonitische Jugendwarte, 84 Mennonitische Rundschau, 188 Mesdag, Willem, 252,260,264n9 Mesdag-Hylkema, Sjoukje, 260, 264n9 Messerschmidt, Manfred, 53 Methodists, 73, 96n31,105 Mexico, 157 Military conscription, 108-9,177,182 Milliman, Robert, xi Mineralnye Vody, 3, 61-2 Ministry for the Occupied East, 292 Minlerčik, 204 Mobile Killing Squad C, 11, 24,45,59 Mobile Killing Squad D, 3,45-6,51, 53,58-9 mobile killing squads, 16,36,41,47, 52-3, 60-2, 211-12,271, 290, 301 Modi'in, Israel, 161 Mohr, Robert, 45
Molochans'k/Halbstadt, 3,51,52, 57, 68n46,133,206, 208,211-15, 217, 231, 236 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, 22 Molotschna Colony, xiii, 11,52,126, 132-3,148n80,206,208,215,218-19, 232,290,296-7 Moltmann, Jürgen, 140 Monnickendam, 251 Morden, Manitoba, 296 Moscow, 205 Mueller, Wilhelm, 100n53 Müller, Erich, 59,60 Munich, 122n25,276 Münster, Hans, 71n63 Muntau. See Yablunivka Musch, Jan, 265n24 Muslims, 87 Musmanno, 269 Mussert, A.A., 159 Mussolini, Benito, 168nl9 Myeshkov, Dmytro, 11,19, 21-3, 36 Mykolaiv, 59
332 Index Napoleonie Wars, 174 National Socialist Movement (Netherlands), 22,154,156,158-9, 162-4, 250 National Socialist People's Welfare (NSV), 235 National Socialist Teachers League, 188 National Socialist Women's League (Nationalsozialistische Frauenschaft), 116 Nazi church-state policy, 72-91 Nazi Party, 3,14, 57,102n68,116, 121n22,127-9,133,150nl01,172, 187-9,301 Neff, Christian, 84,97n38,98n40, 99n49 Nelyubova, Anastasia, 229 Netherlands, 5, 12, 23,55,126,129, 140,153-66,250-61, 277 Neufeld, Jacob A., 246n57,272,274, 291 Neufeldt, Colin R, 11,19, 21-2,173 Neufeldt-Fast, Arnold, 11,21-2, 111 Neustadt, 273 Neuteich. See Nowy Staw New Economic Policy, 270 Nickel, Richard, 94n22 Nickolaidorf, 63n8 Niemöller, Martin, 85, ІОІпбО Nieuwenhuijzen, Jan, 251 Nieuwenhuis, Nico, 254 Nijhoff, Martinus, 265ո24 Nikopol', 41,45 NKVD, 15,23,203-5,219,221, 224nl9,227ո66,232, 270-2, ЗОЇ. See also GPU; KGB; OGPU; SMERŠ nonresistance, 5, 72, 76-80,139, 163- 4,182-3 North Holland, 154 Norway, 95n25 Nove Zaporizhzhia/Kitschkas/ Einlage, 44,46, 206, 208, 210-11, 240, 242nl0. See also Zaporizhzhia Novičk, Peter, 17 Novokhortytsya, 134-5. See also Khortytsya; Verkhnya Khortytsya Novopyatigorsk, 60. See also Pyatigorsk Novo-Zlatopol, 231 Nowe Wymyśle/Deutsch Wymyschle, 11,19-20,172-192 Nowy Staw/Neuteich, 308 Nuremberg Laws, 85,114,130,133, 145n50,156 Nuremberg Trials, 139, 269 Oaths, 72 Oberländer, Helmut, 14,38,51-3,59 Odessa, 48, 202,215 OGPU, 204, 219. See also GPU; KGB; NKVD; SMERŠ Ohlendorf, Otto, 59 Oleksandrivs'k/Schönwiese, 45 Olgino, 62 Ontario, 51,126 Oosthuizen, 263n7 Operation
Market Garden, 256 Orel, 46 Orenburg, 205 Orlove/ Ohrloff, 217-18,236 Orłowskie Pole/Orlofferfelde, 309 Orthodox, 50, 230-1 Osterwick. See Dolyns'ke/Osterwick Oudebildtzijl, 164-5 Overijssel, 154 Pacifism. See nonresistance Palache, Jehuda Lion, 252 Palatinate, 6,104,122n25 Panfilivka/Marienthal, 134 Pannabecker, Rachel, xi Panova, Maria, 221
Index 333 Paraguay, 16,69ո48,157,276, 280, 293, ЗОЇ Paris, 278 Partisans, 41 Pauls, Minna Ratzlaff, 183-4 Pauls, Peter, 184 Pavlivka/Paulsheim, 134 Pel, Trijnie, 4 Pel, Wijbrand, 258, 260 Pel-Groot, Geertje, 3-4,17,258-60 Pelplin, Poland, 311 Penner, Horst, 309-10 Penner, Lydia, 166 Penner, Maria, 42 Pentecostals, 105,120nll People's Militia (Volkssturm), 192 Peters, 136 Peters, Helene, 232,235 Pfann-Pel, Trijnie, 259 Pikloenko, Nikolaj Abramovič. See Dierksen, Johann Genrichovič Pilate, 162 Pintus, Peter, 28nl9 Piontkovskiy. See Federau, Rudolf place names, usage of, xii Plotha, 42 Pohl, J. Otto, 270 Pokrovsk, 228ո69 Poland, partitions, 174 Poljakova. See Harms, Maria positive Christianity, 21,84,86, 147n68 Post, Pieter, 11,18,21 Poznań/Posen/Wartheland, 6,41-2, 88, 95n25,126,136-8,150nl02,241 Presbyterians, 250,255 Preussisch Stargard, 273 Prins, Aaron, 263n6 Pripet Marshes, 53 Prochnau, Daniel, 177,187 Protestant Refugee Committee, 252 Protestant Relief Work, 311 Prussia (East, West), 104, 111, 126,129 Prussian State Library, 46 Pryshyb/Prischib, 137 Puritans, 75 Pyatigorsk, 3, 59,60-1,205,228n68. See also Novopyatigorsk Quakers, 21, 73,84-5,90,100n56, 100n59,103n87,157 Quiring, Horst, 81,110-11,126,130, 138,140,145n49,146n60 Quiring, Walter/Jacob, 13, 69n48 Ratzlaff, Agnes Pauls, 174 Ratzlaff, Alma, 181 Ratzlaff, David, 181 Ratzlaff, Ella, 173 Ratzlaff, Erhard, 184,187 Ratzlaff, Erich L., 172-3,177-8,183, 186-8 Ratzlaff, Erich R, 201n65 Ratzlaff, Frieda, 20,172-3,181-2 Ratzlaff, Gustav, 174,183-4 Ratzlaff, Leonard R, 183 Ratzlaff, Maria, 183 Ratzlaff, Peter, 20,1724!,
181 Ratzlaff, Richard, xii Ravensbrück, 4,259,267n38 Red Army, 5,24,42,52,56,59, 62, 181,184,192,210, 213,215-17, 219, 235,241,259,270-1,275-6,294, 297,308,311,313 reformed, 98n43, 215, 250,254-5, 257,261 Reich Ministry for the Eastern Occupied Territories, 46 Reich Security Main Office, 60 Reichstag, 57 Reimer, Gustav, 137,138 Reimer, Isaak I., 208,211, 219, 221,236
334 Index Reimer, Jack, 10,12-13, 54-5, 68ո46 Reimer, Jacob, 68n46 Reimers, Cornelius, 271 Reimers, Franziska, 24,269,271, 275-6,280-1 Rempel, Alexander, 37,44-7,59, 71n63, 240 Rempel, Gerhard, 5,12,14, 20-1, 23, 35-9,69n47, 309 Rempel, Hans, 47 Rempel, Helena, 299 Rempel, Jakob Aron, 44 Rennert, Ferdinand, 177,187 Retzlaff, Reinhard, 71n63 Reuter, Sasha, 297 Rhöribruderhof, 85,100n57,157 Riemsdijk, Joseph Hubert van, 251-2 Righteous Among the Nations, 23, 234,253 Rode, 178 Roeper, Dirk, 255 Roeper, Dírk, Jr, 255 Roeper-Bakker, Femina, 255 Roma, 3,36,47,51,179,210-11, 216 Romanian military, 47-8,297 Roostee, Ina, 265ո23 Roostee, Johannes, 255, 260 Roostee-Roeper, Petronella Maria Geertruida, 255 Rosenberg, Alfred, 47,79,95n25,292 Rosenfeld, Harry, 281 Rosental, Caucasus, 205 Rosenthal, Chortitza Colony, 45,233 Rosenthal, Judith, 118 Ross, Alexander, 273 Ross, Olga Petrikow, 273 Rossman, 208 Rostov, 54,61 Rotfeld, 136 Rotterdam, 157 Rottevalle, 264nl2 Royse, Morton, 277 Rozendaal, Marianne, 255 Russian Civil War, 230,236,270 Russian Revolution, 202,236 SA (Sturmabteilung), 108-9,115, 121ո22,122ո23,138 Saint Petersburg, 236 Sanniki, 190 Sarabuz, 204 Sawatzky, John, 299 Sawatzky, Peter, 301 Schaft, Hannie, 266ո29 Schindler Factory Museum, 16 Schipper, Klaas Abe, 263ո7 Schlick, Friedrich, 143ո42 Schmidt, Leonard, 181 Schmidt, Minna, 181 Schmidt, Paul, 96n31 Schmutz, Herbert, 111 Schnebele, Christian, 82, 97n39, 98n42, 130, 138,143n41 Schneider, Daniel, 113 Schneider, Ferdinand, 178,186 Schöneberg, 234 Schönwiese. See Oleksandrivs'k Schoorl, 154,157 Schowalter, Jochen, 119n2
Schowalter Foundation, xi Schröder, Heinrich Hajo, 13,132, 146n65 Schroeder, J.H., 39 Schroeder, Steven, 18,20,24,25 Schroeder, Wilhelm, 187 Schulz, 213 Schutte, Henk, 254 SD (Sicherheitsdienst), 45,51,53,57, 92n3,95n25,186, 206, 210-17,221 237-41, 259, 281,301 Seenwijk, 154 self-defense units (Selbstschutz), 179 206, 208, 272,291
Index 335 Selydove/Selidovka, 55-6 Sepp, A.A., 159 Sermon on the Mount, 131 Šestakovka, 216 Seventh-day Adventists, 21, 73,84-5, 87, 99n52,100n53,102n70,102n72, 105 Sharp, John, xi, 10 Shilko, Aleksandr, 233 Shoah Foundation Visual History Archive, 9 Shubert, Nikolai, 246n63,247n66 Siberia, 45,205,271 Siderenko, Nikolai, 52 Sierakówek, 186 Simferopol', 58-9, 203-5, 208,211-16, 220, 228n68 Sinti, 179. See also Roma Sinz, Kurt, 84 Sipkema, J.W., 261 Sladek, Paulus, 307 Slooten, Johanna van der, 260,263n9, 264nl2 SMERŠ, 217, 228n69. See also GPU; KGB; NKVD; OGPU Smith, C. Henry, 155 Sneek, 251, 260-1 Sobibor, 4, 258 Social Democrats, 86, 87,154, 158,163 Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada, xii Söder, Hans-Peter, 294 Sohm, Rudolf, 92n8 Soviet nationalities policy, 270 Soviet prisoners of war, 36,42,56 Spain, 144n44 Sparrau, 219 Spat, 204, 224nl9 Special Unit Russia, 48, 202,206 Special Unit Stumpp, 135,208,292 Spittler, Hans, 147n74 SS (Schutzstaffel), 3,13-14,16, 35, 41, 47-8, 53-4, 57-9, 69ո47,129, 137-8, 143ո34, 187, 208, 212-13, 215, 217, 234, 272, 275, 281, 300-1. See also Waffen-SS Division Galizien St Catharines, Ontario, 54 Stalin, 6,19, 24,44,132,139,218,229, 231,293, 300-3 Stalindorf, 231 Stalingrad, 59 Stalino. See Donets'k/Stalino Steigmann-Gall, Richard, 89 Steinfeld, 236 Steinhart, Eric, 10,202 Stern, Steve, 24,300 St'odö people, 315 Stoner, Andre Gingerich, 9 Stragen, Eduard van, 264nl2 Strohschneider, 61 Strübind, Andrea, 89 Stucky, Renae, xi Stumpp, Karl, 135-6,149n95,237, 292. See also Special Unit Stumpp Stutthof. See Sztutowo Sudermann,
Anna, 37,43-4,231, 233-4, 238-9, 247n73,295, 296,302 Suvorovka, 62 Svitlodolyns'ke/Lichtenau, 218 Svobody, 60 Swaab, Betsy, 258 Swaab, Hijman, 259 Swaab, Marion, 4, 259, 261 Switzerland, 259 Sztutowo/Stutthof, 5,14,24, 308-10 Taganrog, 52,54 Task Force against Military Service {Arbeidsgroep tegen de Krijgsdienst), 154,157-8, 169ոՅՅ
336 Index Task Force of Mennonites and Kindred Spirits (Werkgemeenschap Doopsgezinden en Geestverwanten), 157 Tatars, 205,212-13 Tavonius, 57 Taylor, C.J., 278 Tchaikovsky (Soviet general), 271 Tempelhof, 61-2 Terek, 62 Texel, 255 theology, 11-12,21,125^0,153-66 Thiesen, John D., 10, 36-7, 69n48, 141nl Thiessen, J.J., 313 Tierra del Fuego, 112 Timošenko, 211 Toews, Aron, 239, 247n73 Toews, H.P., 247n74 Toews, Maria Sudermann, 247n73,313 Tokmak, 52 Tolchinski, Dmitri, 233 Tolchinski, Khaya, 233 Tolchinski, Semion, 233 Tolstoyans, 5 Toronto, 280 Transnistria, 19, 206 Trawniki, 54-5, 69n50 Treaty of Versailles, 96n29,106, 127,309 Treffers-Mesdag, Nine, 260 Tuininga, J.E., 265n22 Tzeyikhman, Meyir, 233 Tzeyikhman, Sara, 233 University of Winnipeg, xii UNRRA, 276 Unruh, Benjamin H., 55,127,129, 132,134-8,145n50,149n95, 15ІПІ13,15ІПІ16 Urry, James, 10,65nl4 US Department of Justice Office of Special Investigations, 38,41,51, 55,69n50 Vancouver, British Columbia, 16 Varesko, Rudolf, 272 Veendorp, Gerrit, 255,265ո22 Venda, Petr, 228ո68 Verband deutscher Mennonitengemeinden. See Federation Vereinigung der Deutschen Mennonitengemeinden. See Alliance Vergangenheitsbewältigung, 294 Verkhnya Khortytsya, 233 Versailles. See Treaty of Versailles Vistula Delta, 307-8,311 Vistula River, 6 Vodiana/Gnadental, 135 Vogel, 43 Vogt, Willi, 141nl Voigt, Karl Heinz, 90 Volendam (ship), 280 Volga, 205 Volhynia, 131,270 Volk/völkisch, 104-18,131-3,138 Volkssturm. See People's Militia Vught, 259,267ո38 Ukraine Post, 132-4 Ukrainians, 15,21, 23,41,45,52, 58, 132,135,213, 219, 230-1,233-4,
236-7,272-3,291-2,296,299 University of Toronto, xii University of Vienna, 143n42 Waag, Max, 259 Waag, Rebecca, 258-9 Wadden, 165,171ո57 Waffen-SS Division Galizien, 213. See also SS Wannsee Conference, 47
Index 337 war criminals. See Mennonites as war criminals Warren, George, 277-8, 280-1 Warsaw, 55 Warthegau/Wartheland. See Poznań Washington, DC, 314 Weber, Max, 74,83, 92n8,104 Weerafdeling (Netherlands), 162 Wegert, Reinhold, 190 Wehrmacht, 12, 24,45-6,59-60, 67ո30, 69ո47,172,178-9, 184, 219, 232, 291, 294, 300-1 Weidemann, Erika, 11,18-19, 24 Weierhof, 84 Weimar Republic, 72, 76, 80,86-8, 96ո29,101ո67 Wenniger, Willem Maillette de Buy, 267n39 Wenzel, Kurt, 60, 211,217 Werner, Hans, 5,18, 20,24 Westerbork, 157,258 Westminster Confession, 75 Whip, 173, 292 White Army, 227ո66,270 Wiebe, Abraham, 219 Wiebe, Heinrich, 45, 67n31,236-7, 239-40 Wiebe, Peter Dietrich, 41 Wiebe, Rudy, 94nl6 Wieler, Joachim, 12 Wiens, A., 215 Wiens, Agnessa Korneevna, 216 Wiens, David Korneevič, 205 Wiens, E.P., 205 Wiens, Hans, 234-235 Wiens, Heinrich, 3,4,12,14,23, 30n40,36,39,57-62,71n63,210-13, 217,227n66 Wiens, Hermann, 57 Wiens, Jakob, 213 f Wiens, Kornej Korneevič, 205,220, 224ո21 Wiens, Margaret, 39 Wiens, Suse, 234 Wiesel, Elie, 37,140 Wiesenthal, Simon, 69n48 Wilms, Ivan, 224nl9 Winkel, Miny te, 267ո39 Winter, Henry, 291 Witzke, Rudolf, 181 Wohlgemuth, Heinrich, 181 Wohlgemuth, Kornelius, 181 Wohlgemuth, Lina, 181 Wolfe Chair in Holocaust Studies, xii women, 11,23-4, 42-3, 48,56,104, 116,177,192,204,210, 214,230-1, 235-6, 254, 259-60,269-82,297, 299, 301-2 Wood, W.A., Jr., 280 Woodbrooke Quaker Centre, 154 World War 1,5,15,57, 88,96n29,106, 127,169n33,202, 219, 270,308 Württemberg, 6,126 Wymyśle. See Nowe Wymyśle/ Deutsch Wymyschle Yablunivka/Muntau, 57, 62, 211 Yad Vashem, 17,232,
244n43, 250-61 Yakushev, L.T., 203 Yelnikov family, 234 Zaan, 157 Zaandam, Netherlands, 3, 258-9 Zaporizhzhia, И, 23,41-2,44-7,51, 54, 67ո31, 203,206, 210,217-18, 229—41,296-7, 301. See also Nove Zaporizhzhia/Kitschkas/Einlage Zapp, Paul, 214, 228ո68 Zborik, Natalya, 234 Zhytomyr, 50,67n29 Zondagsbode, 250 Bayerisch* Staatsbibliothek 1 München |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author2 | Jantzen, Mark 1963- Thiesen, John D. |
| author2_role | edt edt |
| author2_variant | m j mj j d t jd jdt |
| author_GND | (DE-588)143368338 (DE-588)139888373 |
| author_facet | Jantzen, Mark 1963- Thiesen, John D. |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV047211311 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1260143843 (DE-599)BVBBV047211311 |
| era | Geschichte 1939-1945 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1939-1945 |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>00000nam a22000008c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV047211311</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20211201</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">210324s2020 a||| b||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781487525545</subfield><subfield code="c">pbk.</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-4875-2554-5</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781487507954</subfield><subfield code="c">hbk.</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-4875-0795-4</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1260143843</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV047211311</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-M352</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-29</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-19</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">HIST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">OST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">n 93</subfield><subfield code="2">ifzs</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">o 29</subfield><subfield code="2">ifzs</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">n 90</subfield><subfield code="2">ifzs</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">o 56.1</subfield><subfield code="2">ifzs</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">European Mennonites and the Holocaust</subfield><subfield code="c">edited by Mark Jantzen and John D. Thiesen</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Toronto ; Buffalo ; London</subfield><subfield code="b">University of Toronto Press in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum</subfield><subfield code="c">[2020]</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="c">© 2020</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">xiii, 337 Seiten</subfield><subfield code="b">Illustrationen, 1 Diagramm, Karten</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Transnational Mennonite studies</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">"Mennonites in the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, and Ukraine lived in communities with Jews and close to various Nazi camps and Holocaust killing sites. As a result of this proximity, Mennonites were neighbours to and witnessed the destruction of European Jews. In some cases they were beneficiaries or even enablers of the Holocaust. Much of this history was forgotten after the war, as Mennonites sought to rebuild or find new homes as refugees. The result was a myth of Mennonite innocence and ignorance that connected their own suffering during the 1930s and 1940s with earlier centuries of persecution and marginalization. European Mennonites and the Holocaust identifies a significant number of Mennonite perpetrators, along with a smaller number of Mennonites who helped Jews survive, examining the context in which they acted. In some cases, theology led them to accept or reject Nazi ideals. In others, Mennonites chose a closer embrace of German identity as a strategy to improve their standing with Germans or for material benefit." --</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1939-1945</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Judenverfolgung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4028814-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Mennoniten</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4038633-8</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Judenvernichtung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4073091-8</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Deutschland</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4011882-4</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Polen</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046496-9</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Niederlande</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4042203-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Sowjetunion</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4077548-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Mennonites / Europe / History / 20th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Mennonites / Europe / Social conditions / 20th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">World War, 1939-1945 / Collaborationists / Europe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">World War, 1939-1945 / Underground movements / Europe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">World War, 1939-1945</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Collaborationists</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Mennonites</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Mennonites / Social conditions</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Underground movements, War</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Europe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">1900-1999</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="6"><subfield code="a">History</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="655" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4143413-4</subfield><subfield code="a">Aufsatzsammlung</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd-content</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Deutschland</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4011882-4</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Niederlande</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4042203-3</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Polen</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046496-9</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Sowjetunion</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4077548-3</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Mennoniten</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4038633-8</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="5"><subfield code="a">Judenverfolgung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4028814-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="6"><subfield code="a">Judenvernichtung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4073091-8</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1939-1945</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Jantzen, Mark</subfield><subfield code="d">1963-</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)143368338</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Thiesen, John D.</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)139888373</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Online-Ausgabe, EPUB</subfield><subfield code="z">978-1-4875-3725-8</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Online-Ausgabe, PDF</subfield><subfield code="z">978-1-4875-3724-1</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032616113&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032616113&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Register // Gemischte Register</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="n">oe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="n">DHB</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">BSB_NED_20210707</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">DHB_BSB_FID</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">DHB_IFZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909.04924</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09043</subfield><subfield code="g">43</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909.04924</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09044</subfield><subfield code="g">947.08</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909.04924</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09043</subfield><subfield code="g">438</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">200.9</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09044</subfield><subfield code="g">438</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">200.9</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09044</subfield><subfield code="g">947.08</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">200.9</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09044</subfield><subfield code="g">492</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09044</subfield><subfield code="g">43</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09043</subfield><subfield code="g">43</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909.04924</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09044</subfield><subfield code="g">43</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">200.9</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09043</subfield><subfield code="g">43</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909.04924</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09044</subfield><subfield code="g">438</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">200.9</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09044</subfield><subfield code="g">43</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909.04924</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09044</subfield><subfield code="g">492</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">200.9</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09043</subfield><subfield code="g">492</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">200.9</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09043</subfield><subfield code="g">438</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909.04924</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09043</subfield><subfield code="g">492</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="943" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032616113</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| geographic | Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 gnd Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd Niederlande (DE-588)4042203-3 gnd Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Deutschland Polen Niederlande Sowjetunion |
| id | DE-604.BV047211311 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T16:54:25Z |
| indexdate | 2024-10-11T12:01:10Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781487525545 9781487507954 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032616113 |
| oclc_num | 1260143843 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-M352 DE-29 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-M352 DE-29 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| physical | xiii, 337 Seiten Illustrationen, 1 Diagramm, Karten |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20210707 DHB_BSB_FID DHB_IFZ |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateSearch | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | University of Toronto Press in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Transnational Mennonite studies |
| spelling | European Mennonites and the Holocaust edited by Mark Jantzen and John D. Thiesen Toronto ; Buffalo ; London University of Toronto Press in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum [2020] © 2020 xiii, 337 Seiten Illustrationen, 1 Diagramm, Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Transnational Mennonite studies "Mennonites in the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, and Ukraine lived in communities with Jews and close to various Nazi camps and Holocaust killing sites. As a result of this proximity, Mennonites were neighbours to and witnessed the destruction of European Jews. In some cases they were beneficiaries or even enablers of the Holocaust. Much of this history was forgotten after the war, as Mennonites sought to rebuild or find new homes as refugees. The result was a myth of Mennonite innocence and ignorance that connected their own suffering during the 1930s and 1940s with earlier centuries of persecution and marginalization. European Mennonites and the Holocaust identifies a significant number of Mennonite perpetrators, along with a smaller number of Mennonites who helped Jews survive, examining the context in which they acted. In some cases, theology led them to accept or reject Nazi ideals. In others, Mennonites chose a closer embrace of German identity as a strategy to improve their standing with Germans or for material benefit." -- Geschichte 1939-1945 gnd rswk-swf Judenverfolgung (DE-588)4028814-6 gnd rswk-swf Mennoniten (DE-588)4038633-8 gnd rswk-swf Judenvernichtung (DE-588)4073091-8 gnd rswk-swf Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 gnd rswk-swf Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd rswk-swf Niederlande (DE-588)4042203-3 gnd rswk-swf Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd rswk-swf Mennonites / Europe / History / 20th century Mennonites / Europe / Social conditions / 20th century Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) World War, 1939-1945 / Collaborationists / Europe World War, 1939-1945 / Underground movements / Europe World War, 1939-1945 Collaborationists Mennonites Mennonites / Social conditions Underground movements, War Europe 1900-1999 History (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 g Niederlande (DE-588)4042203-3 g Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 g Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 g Mennoniten (DE-588)4038633-8 s Judenverfolgung (DE-588)4028814-6 s Judenvernichtung (DE-588)4073091-8 s Geschichte 1939-1945 z DE-604 Jantzen, Mark 1963- (DE-588)143368338 edt Thiesen, John D. (DE-588)139888373 edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, EPUB 978-1-4875-3725-8 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, PDF 978-1-4875-3724-1 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032616113&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032616113&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | European Mennonites and the Holocaust Judenverfolgung (DE-588)4028814-6 gnd Mennoniten (DE-588)4038633-8 gnd Judenvernichtung (DE-588)4073091-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4028814-6 (DE-588)4038633-8 (DE-588)4073091-8 (DE-588)4011882-4 (DE-588)4046496-9 (DE-588)4042203-3 (DE-588)4077548-3 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | European Mennonites and the Holocaust |
| title_auth | European Mennonites and the Holocaust |
| title_exact_search | European Mennonites and the Holocaust |
| title_exact_search_txtP | European Mennonites and the Holocaust |
| title_full | European Mennonites and the Holocaust edited by Mark Jantzen and John D. Thiesen |
| title_fullStr | European Mennonites and the Holocaust edited by Mark Jantzen and John D. Thiesen |
| title_full_unstemmed | European Mennonites and the Holocaust edited by Mark Jantzen and John D. Thiesen |
| title_short | European Mennonites and the Holocaust |
| title_sort | european mennonites and the holocaust |
| topic | Judenverfolgung (DE-588)4028814-6 gnd Mennoniten (DE-588)4038633-8 gnd Judenvernichtung (DE-588)4073091-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Judenverfolgung Mennoniten Judenvernichtung Deutschland Polen Niederlande Sowjetunion Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032616113&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032616113&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jantzenmark europeanmennonitesandtheholocaust AT thiesenjohnd europeanmennonitesandtheholocaust |