Cryptoeconomics: Igniting a New Era of Blockchain
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Boca Raton
CRC Press
[2020]
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| Schriftenreihe: | An Auernbach Book
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 165 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9780367429935 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents Foreword.......................................................................xi Preface........................................................................ xiii Authors......................................................................... xv 1 What Is Cryptoeconomics?................................... 1 1.1 The Basics of Cryptography..................................1 1.1.1 Hash Algorithm............................................ 2 1.1.2 Key Encryption............................................6 1.1.3 Digital Signature..........................................7 1.2 Basic of Economics............................................. 10 1.2.1 Incentives....................................................11 1.2.2 Punishment................................................ 12 1.3 Supply and Demand........................................... 13 2 Mechanisms of Consensus.................................17 2.1 The Byzantine Generals Problem....................... 19 2.2 CAP Theory......................................................... 22 2.3 PÖW (Proof-of֊Work) Mechanism....................... 24 2.3.1 Problem of PoW 1:Waste of Resources..... 26 2.3.2 Problem of PoW 2: Environmental Problem...................................................... 28 v
vi ■ Contents 2.3.3 Problem of PoW 3: Centralization of Computing Power................................... 30 2.4 PoS (Proof-of-Stake) Mechanism......................35 2.5 LPoS (Leased Proof-of-Stake) Mechanism........36 2.6 DPoS (Delegated Proof-of-Stake) Mechanism....37 3 Optimized Consensus Mechanism................... 39 3.1 Optimized Versions of PoW Mechanism......... 39 3.1.1 Litecoin’s SCRYPT Algorithm................. 40 3.1.2 Tandem and Dash.................................. 41 3.1.3 Parallel Algorithm and Heavycoin......... 42 3.1.4 Primecoin.................................................44 3.1.5 Ethash and Ethereum............................. 47 3.1.6 Equihash and Zcash................................49 3.2 Optimized PoS...................................................51 3.2.1 Byzantine General and Byzantine Fault-Tolerance Algorithm........................51 Յ.2.2 Algorithm for Realizing Proof-of-Stake.... 53 (1) Tendermint and PoS Based on BTF.... 54 (2) CFFG................................................. 58 (3) CTFG..................................................62 Յ.2.Յ Trap of Proof-of-Stake............................ 64 (1) Relations with No Interest............. 64 (2) Remote Attack................................... 66 (3) Cartel Formation............................... 68 (4) Future Work.......................................69 Յ.Յ PBFT Optimized Version: Federal Byzantine Agreement (FBA)................................................70 3.4 Other: Algorand Agreement............................. 76
Contents и vii 4 Game Theory and Cryptoeconomics................ 79 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 What Is Game Theory?........................................79 Nash Equilibrium................................................. 82 Schelling Point..................................................... 84 Bounded Rationality Model.................................85 Game Theory Mechanism Design and Consensus Mechanism........................................86 4.6 Game Theory Mechanism Design and Blockchain Security..................... 87 4.7 Prospect of Game Theory-Based Consensus Mechanism - Ethereum’s Casper Consensus Algorithm............................................................. 90 5 Behavioral Economics and Cryptoeconomics.... 93 5.1 Behavioral Economics vs. Traditional Economics: Irrational vs. Rational...................... 93 5.2 Behavioral Economics in the Blockchain World.................................................................... 94 5.2.1 How to Introduce Blockchain to Friends?...................................................... 94 5.2.2 Why Are You Completely Indifferent to $10,000 Bitcoin, While Some People Are Crazy for it?.........................................97 5.2.3 Why Do So Many Projects Like Airdrops?.................................................. 100 5.2.4 DAO Is Really the Main Form of Organization in the Future?............... 103 5.2.5 How to Control Our Impulses? Maybe You Need a Smart Contract.................... 107
viii ■ Contents 5.2.6 Dilemma of Multiple Choices: Why Do We Want to Participate in All Projects?....................................................... Ill 5-3 The Intersection of Behavioral Economics and Cryptoeconomics...........................................113 6 Cryptoeconomics and the Security of Blockchain.......................................................... 115 6.1 Sybil Attack............................................................ II6 6.1.1 Cost of Sybil Attacks on Traditional and Blockchain Networks........................ 118 6.2 Fork: Soft Fork and Hard Fork........................... 120 6.2.1 Fork, Soft Fork, and Hard Fork Concepts......................................................120 6.2.2 Main Characteristics of Soft Fork and Hard Fork.....................................................123 6.2.Յ The Importance of Forks.........................123 6.3 P + ε Attack........................................................... 125 6.3.1 What Is P + ε Attack..................................126 6.Յ.2 Protection from P + ε Attacks....................128 6.4 DAO Attack............................................................ 129 6.4.1 The Significance of The DAO Cryptoeconomics........................................131 6.5 Zero-Knowledge Proof........................................133 Summary..........................................................................135 7 Blockchain in China.......................................... 139 7.1 The Power of Blockchain in Real Life.............. 139 7.2 Real Use Cases of Blockchain in
China............140 7.2.1 Financial Solutions..................................... 140
Contents и ¡X 7.2.2 Police and Other Governmental Solutions.................................................... 145 7.2.3 Food Safety and SupplyChain................. 147 7.3 Secret of Chinese Success................................. 148 8 The Future of Cryptoeconomics..................... 153 Conclusion.................................................................. 158 Index........................................................................... 161
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| adam_txt |
Contents Foreword.xi Preface. xiii Authors. xv 1 What Is Cryptoeconomics?. 1 1.1 The Basics of Cryptography.1 1.1.1 Hash Algorithm. 2 1.1.2 Key Encryption.6 1.1.3 Digital Signature.7 1.2 Basic of Economics. 10 1.2.1 Incentives.11 1.2.2 Punishment. 12 1.3 Supply and Demand. 13 2 Mechanisms of Consensus.17 2.1 The Byzantine Generals Problem. 19 2.2 CAP Theory. 22 2.3 PÖW (Proof-of֊Work) Mechanism. 24 2.3.1 Problem of PoW 1:Waste of Resources. 26 2.3.2 Problem of PoW 2: Environmental Problem. 28 v
vi ■ Contents 2.3.3 Problem of PoW 3: Centralization of Computing Power. 30 2.4 PoS (Proof-of-Stake) Mechanism.35 2.5 LPoS (Leased Proof-of-Stake) Mechanism.36 2.6 DPoS (Delegated Proof-of-Stake) Mechanism.37 3 Optimized Consensus Mechanism. 39 3.1 Optimized Versions of PoW Mechanism. 39 3.1.1 Litecoin’s SCRYPT Algorithm. 40 3.1.2 Tandem and Dash. 41 3.1.3 Parallel Algorithm and Heavycoin. 42 3.1.4 Primecoin.44 3.1.5 Ethash and Ethereum. 47 3.1.6 Equihash and Zcash.49 3.2 Optimized PoS.51 3.2.1 Byzantine General and Byzantine Fault-Tolerance Algorithm.51 Յ.2.2 Algorithm for Realizing Proof-of-Stake. 53 (1) Tendermint and PoS Based on BTF. 54 (2) CFFG. 58 (3) CTFG.62 Յ.2.Յ Trap of Proof-of-Stake. 64 (1) Relations with No Interest. 64 (2) Remote Attack. 66 (3) Cartel Formation. 68 (4) Future Work.69 Յ.Յ PBFT Optimized Version: Federal Byzantine Agreement (FBA).70 3.4 Other: Algorand Agreement. 76
Contents и vii 4 Game Theory and Cryptoeconomics. 79 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 What Is Game Theory?.79 Nash Equilibrium. 82 Schelling Point. 84 Bounded Rationality Model.85 Game Theory Mechanism Design and Consensus Mechanism.86 4.6 Game Theory Mechanism Design and Blockchain Security. 87 4.7 Prospect of Game Theory-Based Consensus Mechanism - Ethereum’s Casper Consensus Algorithm. 90 5 Behavioral Economics and Cryptoeconomics. 93 5.1 Behavioral Economics vs. Traditional Economics: Irrational vs. Rational. 93 5.2 Behavioral Economics in the Blockchain World. 94 5.2.1 How to Introduce Blockchain to Friends?. 94 5.2.2 Why Are You Completely Indifferent to $10,000 Bitcoin, While Some People Are Crazy for it?.97 5.2.3 Why Do So Many Projects Like Airdrops?. 100 5.2.4 DAO Is Really the Main Form of Organization in the Future?. 103 5.2.5 How to Control Our Impulses? Maybe You Need a Smart Contract. 107
viii ■ Contents 5.2.6 Dilemma of Multiple Choices: Why Do We Want to Participate in All Projects?. Ill 5-3 The Intersection of Behavioral Economics and Cryptoeconomics.113 6 Cryptoeconomics and the Security of Blockchain. 115 6.1 Sybil Attack. II6 6.1.1 Cost of Sybil Attacks on Traditional and Blockchain Networks. 118 6.2 Fork: Soft Fork and Hard Fork. 120 6.2.1 Fork, Soft Fork, and Hard Fork Concepts.120 6.2.2 Main Characteristics of Soft Fork and Hard Fork.123 6.2.Յ The Importance of Forks.123 6.3 P + ε Attack. 125 6.3.1 What Is P + ε Attack.126 6.Յ.2 Protection from P + ε Attacks.128 6.4 DAO Attack. 129 6.4.1 The Significance of The DAO Cryptoeconomics.131 6.5 Zero-Knowledge Proof.133 Summary.135 7 Blockchain in China. 139 7.1 The Power of Blockchain in Real Life. 139 7.2 Real Use Cases of Blockchain in
China.140 7.2.1 Financial Solutions. 140
Contents и ¡X 7.2.2 Police and Other Governmental Solutions. 145 7.2.3 Food Safety and SupplyChain. 147 7.3 Secret of Chinese Success. 148 8 The Future of Cryptoeconomics. 153 Conclusion. 158 Index. 161 |
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| spelling | Gong, Jian Verfasser (DE-588)1233994190 aut Cryptoeconomics Igniting a New Era of Blockchain Jian Gong and Wei Xu Boca Raton CRC Press [2020] © 2020 XV, 165 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier An Auernbach Book Xu, Wei Verfasser (DE-588)123399428X aut Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-00-006211-3 Digitalisierung UB Bamberg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032537192&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Gong, Jian Xu, Wei Cryptoeconomics Igniting a New Era of Blockchain |
| title | Cryptoeconomics Igniting a New Era of Blockchain |
| title_auth | Cryptoeconomics Igniting a New Era of Blockchain |
| title_exact_search | Cryptoeconomics Igniting a New Era of Blockchain |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Cryptoeconomics Igniting a New Era of Blockchain |
| title_full | Cryptoeconomics Igniting a New Era of Blockchain Jian Gong and Wei Xu |
| title_fullStr | Cryptoeconomics Igniting a New Era of Blockchain Jian Gong and Wei Xu |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cryptoeconomics Igniting a New Era of Blockchain Jian Gong and Wei Xu |
| title_short | Cryptoeconomics |
| title_sort | cryptoeconomics igniting a new era of blockchain |
| title_sub | Igniting a New Era of Blockchain |
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