Biological evolution: an introduction
Biological evolution, the theory of natural selection and of common descent, is a triumph both of human reasoning and scientific undertaking. The biological discipline of evolution contains both a chronicle of human endeavour and the story of life on Earth. This book is concerned with living forms a...
Gespeichert in:
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge, United Kingdom ; New York, NY, USA ; Port Melbourne, Australia ; New Delhi, India ; Singapore
Cambridge Univeristy Press
2021
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | Biological evolution, the theory of natural selection and of common descent, is a triumph both of human reasoning and scientific undertaking. The biological discipline of evolution contains both a chronicle of human endeavour and the story of life on Earth. This book is concerned with living forms and how they developed from 'simple and unpromising beginnings'. It considers evolution as both process and product. The author, an experienced teacher and educator, employs a historical narrative, used to convey the idea of 'change with modification' and to emphasise the relevance of evolution to contemporary bioscience. Biological evolution has now become part of the scientific orthodoxy and this accessible text will assist undergraduate students in the biological sciences within any ongoing debate |
| Beschreibung: | x, 268 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9780521812689 9780521012058 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents Preface Acknowledgements 1 2 Biological Evolution: The Beginnings ofthe Story 1 The Development of Evolution as a Science The Years before Publication of Origin of Species So, What Is Evolution? Change and Species Formation Natural History and Classification Exploring the Development and Progress of Life on Earth The Galapagos Islands and Darwin’s Finches: A Case Study The Finches Classification and the Galapagos Finches Darwin’s Finches and the Origin of Species The Galapagos Islands and Natural Selection 1 3 4 6 6 8 10 13 15 20 22 Reviewing the Evidence for Evolution 25 25 29 32 35 38 41 43 Homology and Comparative Anatomy Embryology Vestigial Organs The Fossil Record Fossils and Phylogeny Biogeography Observational and Experimental Evidence 3 page ix xi Genetic Variation within Populations Inheritance and Variation Early Ideas Regarding the Continuity of Life Biological Inheritance and the Work of Gregor Mendel Mapping the Genome Origins and Maintenance of Variation Mutation What Sorts of Genes Are Needed by Living Things? Genotypic and Phenotypic Variation 45 45 50 50 53 56 57 61 63
vi 4 Contents Genes in Populations Variation within Populations Variation between Populations Population Genetics 65 66 70 72 Natural Selection and Adaptive Change 74 76 80 81 85 86 88 91 91 Natural and Artificial Selection Selection in Populations Polymorphism Heterozygote Advantage Directional Selection and Local Adaptation Sexual Selection Genetic Drift and the Adaptive Landscape The Unit of Selection 5 6 7 Evolutionary Developmental Biology (Evo-Devo) The Epigenetic Landscape Homeosis Hox Genes The Body Axes and Segmentation The Dorsoventrai Axis Functional Analogy The History of Hox Genes The Divergence of Body Plans Homeotic Genes and Control of Development in Higher Plants Evolutionary Developmental Repatteming 94 94 96 97 98 100 102 104 105 106 108 111 The Origins of Biodiversity 112 Species Concepts Isolating Mechanisms Spéciation Spéciation through Polyploidy Parapatric Distribution, Spéciation and Hybrid Zones Sympatric Spéciation The Explosive Spéciation of Cichlids 113 П6 117 լ 19 120 125 126 Taxonomy and the Diversity of Life 130 131 ІЗЗ 135 136 138 139 Evolution and Development Linnaeus and Classification Lamarck and the Scala Naturae Classification and Evolution Chasing Ancestors Developing a Modem, Biological Classification An Objective Classification?
Contents Phenetics Cladistics Molecular Taxonomy Nomenclature Classification and Big Data 8 9 10 i 39 142 147 149 132 The History and Origins of Life on Earth 153 What Is Life: Characteristics of Living Things Origins of Life The First Organisms Origins of the Eukaryotes and the Evolution of Sex Multicellularity and the Higher Taxa The Evolution of Animals The Evolution of Plants Movement onto Land 154 156 160 161 164 168 177 179 Molecules and Evolution 182 The Early Earth Replication and the RNA World Gene Trees DNA and RNA Phylogénies Rates of Molecular Evolution Molecular Clocks Phylogenomics and Transposable Elements Lateral Gene Transfer Genomics and ‘Big Science’ 182 185 186 190 191 192 193 195 196 Human Evolution 198 199 202 206 211 212 215 219 221 Looking at Mammals Becoming Human Palaeobiology and the Human Lineage Modem Humans Evidence from the Human Genome Human Success Human Cultural Evolution Are We Still Evolving? 11 vii Trends and Patterns in Evolution Rates of Evolution Measuring Rates of Evolutionary Change Extinction and Patterns of Mass Extinction Heterochrony and Life History Strategies Are Trends in Evolution Progressive? Biological Evolution As Science 223 224 226 230 234 237 238
Contents Questions in Evolutionary Biology Life’s Continuing Existence Evolution and Religion From So Simple a Beginning 241 241 246 247 250 References Recommended Reading List of Figure Credits List of Chapter Reviewers Index 251 255 262 264 265 Questions, Debate and Controversy Colour plates can be found between pages 148 and 149.
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Contents Preface Acknowledgements 1 2 Biological Evolution: The Beginnings ofthe Story 1 The Development of Evolution as a Science The Years before Publication of Origin of Species So, What Is Evolution? Change and Species Formation Natural History and Classification Exploring the Development and Progress of Life on Earth The Galapagos Islands and Darwin’s Finches: A Case Study The Finches Classification and the Galapagos Finches Darwin’s Finches and the Origin of Species The Galapagos Islands and Natural Selection 1 3 4 6 6 8 10 13 15 20 22 Reviewing the Evidence for Evolution 25 25 29 32 35 38 41 43 Homology and Comparative Anatomy Embryology Vestigial Organs The Fossil Record Fossils and Phylogeny Biogeography Observational and Experimental Evidence 3 page ix xi Genetic Variation within Populations Inheritance and Variation Early Ideas Regarding the Continuity of Life Biological Inheritance and the Work of Gregor Mendel Mapping the Genome Origins and Maintenance of Variation Mutation What Sorts of Genes Are Needed by Living Things? Genotypic and Phenotypic Variation 45 45 50 50 53 56 57 61 63
vi 4 Contents Genes in Populations Variation within Populations Variation between Populations Population Genetics 65 66 70 72 Natural Selection and Adaptive Change 74 76 80 81 85 86 88 91 91 Natural and Artificial Selection Selection in Populations Polymorphism Heterozygote Advantage Directional Selection and Local Adaptation Sexual Selection Genetic Drift and the Adaptive Landscape The Unit of Selection 5 6 7 Evolutionary Developmental Biology (Evo-Devo) The Epigenetic Landscape Homeosis Hox Genes The Body Axes and Segmentation The Dorsoventrai Axis Functional Analogy The History of Hox Genes The Divergence of Body Plans Homeotic Genes and Control of Development in Higher Plants Evolutionary Developmental Repatteming 94 94 96 97 98 100 102 104 105 106 108 111 The Origins of Biodiversity 112 Species Concepts Isolating Mechanisms Spéciation Spéciation through Polyploidy Parapatric Distribution, Spéciation and Hybrid Zones Sympatric Spéciation The Explosive Spéciation of Cichlids 113 П6 117 լ 19 120 125 126 Taxonomy and the Diversity of Life 130 131 ІЗЗ 135 136 138 139 Evolution and Development Linnaeus and Classification Lamarck and the Scala Naturae Classification and Evolution Chasing Ancestors Developing a Modem, Biological Classification An Objective Classification?
Contents Phenetics Cladistics Molecular Taxonomy Nomenclature Classification and Big Data 8 9 10 i 39 142 147 149 132 The History and Origins of Life on Earth 153 What Is Life: Characteristics of Living Things Origins of Life The First Organisms Origins of the Eukaryotes and the Evolution of Sex Multicellularity and the Higher Taxa The Evolution of Animals The Evolution of Plants Movement onto Land 154 156 160 161 164 168 177 179 Molecules and Evolution 182 The Early Earth Replication and the RNA World Gene Trees DNA and RNA Phylogénies Rates of Molecular Evolution Molecular Clocks Phylogenomics and Transposable Elements Lateral Gene Transfer Genomics and ‘Big Science’ 182 185 186 190 191 192 193 195 196 Human Evolution 198 199 202 206 211 212 215 219 221 Looking at Mammals Becoming Human Palaeobiology and the Human Lineage Modem Humans Evidence from the Human Genome Human Success Human Cultural Evolution Are We Still Evolving? 11 vii Trends and Patterns in Evolution Rates of Evolution Measuring Rates of Evolutionary Change Extinction and Patterns of Mass Extinction Heterochrony and Life History Strategies Are Trends in Evolution Progressive? Biological Evolution As Science 223 224 226 230 234 237 238
Contents Questions in Evolutionary Biology Life’s Continuing Existence Evolution and Religion From So Simple a Beginning 241 241 246 247 250 References Recommended Reading List of Figure Credits List of Chapter Reviewers Index 251 255 262 264 265 Questions, Debate and Controversy Colour plates can be found between pages 148 and 149. |
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| spelling | Cassidy, Mike ca. 20./21. Jh. Verfasser (DE-588)1223029743 aut Biological evolution an introduction Mike Cassidy (Durham University) Cambridge, United Kingdom ; New York, NY, USA ; Port Melbourne, Australia ; New Delhi, India ; Singapore Cambridge Univeristy Press 2021 x, 268 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Biological evolution, the theory of natural selection and of common descent, is a triumph both of human reasoning and scientific undertaking. The biological discipline of evolution contains both a chronicle of human endeavour and the story of life on Earth. This book is concerned with living forms and how they developed from 'simple and unpromising beginnings'. It considers evolution as both process and product. The author, an experienced teacher and educator, employs a historical narrative, used to convey the idea of 'change with modification' and to emphasise the relevance of evolution to contemporary bioscience. Biological evolution has now become part of the scientific orthodoxy and this accessible text will assist undergraduate students in the biological sciences within any ongoing debate Evolution (Biology) Evolution (DE-588)4071050-6 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4123623-3 Lehrbuch gnd-content Evolution (DE-588)4071050-6 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-139-01601-8 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032510141&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| title | Biological evolution an introduction |
| title_auth | Biological evolution an introduction |
| title_exact_search | Biological evolution an introduction |
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| title_short | Biological evolution |
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